| the mi-1-mediated pest resistance requires hsp90 and sgt1. | the tomato (solanum lycopersicum) mi-1 gene encodes a protein with putative coiled-coil nucleotide-binding site and leucine-rich repeat motifs. mi-1 confers resistance to root-knot nematodes (meloidogyne spp.), potato aphids (macrosiphum euphorbiae), and sweet potato whitefly (bemisia tabaci). to identify genes required in the mi-1-mediated resistance to nematodes and aphids, we used tobacco rattle virus (trv)-based virus-induced gene silencing (vigs) to repress candidate genes and assay for nem ... | 2007 | 17351050 |
| proteomic profiling of aphid macrosiphum euphorbiae responses to host-plant-mediated stress induced by defoliation and water deficit. | abiotic and biotic host-plant stress, such as desiccation and herbivory, may strongly affect sap-sucking insects such as aphids via changes in plant chemicals of insect nutritional or plant defensive value. here, we examined (i) water deprivation and (ii) defoliation by the beetle leptinotarsa decemlineata as stresses indirectly affecting the aphid macrosiphum euphorbiae via its host plant solanum tuberosum. for plant-induced stress, aphids were reared on healthy vs. continuously stressed potato ... | 2007 | 17466324 |
| plum pox in north america: identification of aphid vectors and a potential role for fruit in virus spread. | abstract thirteen aphid species were tested for their ability to transmit pennsylvania isolates of plum pox virus (ppv) collected in columbia (penn-3), franklin (penn-4), and york (penn-7) counties, pa. four species, aphis fabae, a. spiraecola, brachycaudus persicae, and myzus persicae, consistently transmitted ppv in preliminary transmission tests. two species, metopolophium dirhodum and rhopalosiphum padi, were occasional inefficient vectors. toxoptera citricida, from florida, also was an effe ... | 2004 | 18943108 |
| tritrophic interactions among macrosiphum euphorbiae aphids, their host plants and endosymbionts: investigation by a proteomic approach. | the mi-1.2 gene in tomato confers resistance against certain clones of the potato aphid (macrosiphum euphorbiae). this study used 2d-dige coupled with protein identification by maldi-tof-ms to compare the proteome patterns of avirulent and semivirulent potato aphids and their bacterial endosymbionts on resistant (mi-1.2+) and susceptible (mi-1.2-) tomato lines. avirulent aphids had low survival on resistant plants, whereas the semivirulent clone could colonize these plants. eighty-two protein sp ... | 2010 | 19962988 |
| the receptor-like kinase slserk1 is required for mi-1-mediated resistance to potato aphids in tomato. | the plant receptor-like kinase somatic embryogenesis receptor kinase 3 (serk3)/brassinosteroid insensitive 1-associated kinase 1 (bak1) is required for pathogen-associated molecular pattern (pamp)-triggered immunity (pti). here we show that a distinct member of the serk family, serk1, is required for the full functioning of mi-1, a nucleotide binding leucine-rich repeat (nb-lrr) resistance protein. mi-1 confers resistance to meloidogyne spp. (root-knot nematodes, rkns) and three phloem-feeding i ... | 2011 | 21481032 |
| slwrky70 is required for mi-1-mediated resistance to aphids and nematodes in tomato. | plant resistance (r) gene-mediated defense responses against biotic stresses include vast transcriptional reprogramming. in several plant-pathogen systems, members of the wrky family of transcription factors have been demonstrated to act as both positive and negative regulators of plant defense transcriptional networks. to identify the possible roles of tomato (solanum lycopersicum) wrky transcription factors in defense mediated by the r gene mi-1 against potato aphid, macrosiphum euphorbiae, an ... | 2011 | 21898085 |
| unpredicted impacts of insect endosymbionts on interactions between soil organisms, plants and aphids. | ecologically significant symbiotic associations are frequently studied in isolation, but such studies of two-way interactions cannot always predict the responses of organisms in a community setting. to explore this issue, we adopt a community approach to examine the role of plant-microbial and insect-microbial symbioses in modulating a plant-herbivore interaction. potato plants were grown under glass in controlled conditions and subjected to feeding from the potato aphid macrosiphum euphorbiae. ... | 2013 | 23926148 |
| [quality of different aphids species as hosts for the parasitoid aphidius ervi haliday (hymenoptera: braconidae: aphidiinae)]. | the suitability of macrosiphum euphorbiae (thomas), aulacorthum solani (kaltenbach) and acyrthosiphon kondoi shinji (hemiptera: aphididae) as hosts for the aphid parasitoid aphidius ervi haliday was evaluated by assessing host size, host preference, and host quality. tests were carried out in an environmental chamber at 22±1ºc, 70±10% rh and 12h photophase. replicates (11) consisted of one 24h-old mated female of a. ervi without a previous oviposition experience. female was released into a petri ... | 2010 | 21120377 |
| resistance of wild solanum accessions to aphids and other potato pests in quebec field conditions. | two experiments were done to determine the susceptibility of six wild potato accessions to the aphids macrosiphum euphorbiae (thomas) (hemiptera: aphididae) and myzus persicae (sulzer). densities of aphid colonies were compared between caged solanum pinnatisectum dunal (solanales: solanaceae), s. polyadenium greenmam, s. tarijense hawkes, s. infundibuliforme philippi, s. oplocense hawkes, and s. stoloniferum schlechted and bouché, and the commercially cultivated potato plant s. tuberosum l. cv. ... | 2010 | 21054161 |
| loss of function of fatty acid desaturase7 in tomato enhances basal aphid resistance in a salicylate-dependent manner. | we report here that disruption of function of the ω-3 fatty acid desaturase7 (fad7) enhances plant defenses against aphids. the suppressor of prosystemin-mediated responses2 (spr2) mutation in tomato (solanum lycopersicum), which eliminates the function of fad7, reduces the settling behavior, survival, and fecundity of the potato aphid (macrosiphum euphorbiae). likewise, the antisense suppression of lefad7 expression in wild-type tomato plants reduces aphid infestations. aphid resistance in the ... | 2012 | 22291202 |
| strawberry crinkle virus, a cytorhabdovirus needing more attention from virologists. | summary taxonomic relationship: a member of nonsegmented, negative-sense, single-stranded rna viruses of the genus cytorhabdovirus (type member: lettuce necrotic yellows virus), family rhabdoviridae, order mononegavirales. members of the family rhabdoviridae can infect vertebrates, invertebrates and plants. physical properties: virions are bacilliform, 74-88 nm in diameter and 163-383 nm in length with surface projections probably composed of trimers of the glycoprotein g, occurring in the cytop ... | 2000 | 20572980 |
| molecular and chemical mechanisms involved in aphid resistance in cultivated tomato. | *an integrated approach has been used to obtain an understanding of the molecular and chemical mechanisms underlying resistance to aphids in cherry-like tomato (solanum lycopersicum) landraces from the campania region (southern italy). the aphid-parasitoid system macrosiphum euphorbiae-aphidius ervi was used to describe the levels of resistance against aphids in two tomato accessions (an5, an7) exhibiting high yield and quality traits and lacking the tomato mi gene. *aphid development and reprod ... | 2010 | 20546139 |
| interactions of native and non-native lady beetle species (coleoptera: coccinellidae) with aphid-tending ants in laboratory arenas. | interactions between lady beetles and the european fire ant (myrmica rubra l.) tending potato aphids [macrosiphum euphorbiae (thomas)] were compared in the laboratory. lady beetle species native to north america (coccinella trifasciata perplexa mulsant, coleomegilla maculata lengi timberlake, hippodamia convergens guérin-méneville) and non-native species of palearctic origin [coccinella septempunctata l., harmonia axyridis (pallas), hippodamia variegata (goeze), propylea quatuordecimpunctata l.) ... | 2009 | 19508795 |
| transmission efficiency of cucumber mosaic virus by aphids associated with virus epidemics in snap bean. | cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) is a major component of the virus complex that has become more pronounced in snap bean in the midwestern and northeastern united states since 2001. multiple-vector-transfer tests were done to estimate the cmv transmission efficiencies (p) of the main aphid species identified in commercial snap bean fields in new york and pennsylvania. the four most efficient vectors (p > 0.05) were aphis gossypii, a. glycines, acyrthosiphon pisum, and therioaphis trifolii, which were ... | 2008 | 18943413 |
| lettuce mosaic virus: from pathogen diversity to host interactors. | taxonomy: lettuce mosaic virus (lmv) belongs to the genus potyvirus (type species potato virus y) in the family potyviridae. physical properties: the virion is filamentous, flexuous with a length of 750 nm and a width of 15 nm. the particles are made of a genomic rna of 10 080 nucleotides, covalently linked to a viral-encoded protein (the vpg) at the 5' end and with a 3' poly a tail, and encapsidated in a single type of capsid protein. the molecular weight of the capsid protein subunit has been ... | 2008 | 18705846 |
| proteomes of the aphid macrosiphum euphorbiae in its resistance and susceptibility responses to differently compatible parasitoids. | host insects are either susceptible or resistant to parasitoids, where resistant hosts express immunity factors and compatible parasitoids express virulence factors that may reveal the manipulation of susceptible hosts. using proteomics we compared responses of the same host, the aphid macrosiphum euphorbiae, challenged by a well-adapted parasitoid aphidius nigripes or by a less adapted relative, aphidius ervi. the host was found to be equally acceptable to both parasitoids, but while a. nigripe ... | 2008 | 18549959 |
| effect of an alternate weed host, hairy nightshade, solanum sarrachoides, on the biology of the two most important potato leafroll virus (luteoviridae: polerovirus) vectors, myzus persicae and macrosiphum euphorbiae (aphididae: homoptera). | hairy nightshade, solanum sarrachoides (sendtner), is a ubiquitous weed in potato agro-ecosystems and nonagricultural lands of southeastern idaho and the pacific northwest. this weed increases the complexity of the potato leafroll virus (plrv) (luteoviridae: polervirus)-potato pathosystem by serving as aphid and virus reservoir. previous field studies showed higher densities of green peach aphid, myzus persicae (sulzer), and potato aphid, macrosiphum euphorbiae (thomas), the two most important v ... | 2008 | 18419933 |
| effect of mixed viral infections (potato virus y-potato leafroll virus) on biology and preference of vectors myzus persicae and macrosiphum euphorbiae (hemiptera: aphididae). | mixed viral infections of heterologous viruses such as potato virus y (family potyviridae, genus potyvirus, pvy) and potato leafroll virus (family luteoviridae, genus polerovirus, plrv) are a regular occurrence in idaho's potato, solanum tuberosum (l.), cropping systems. an increased number of plant samples from idaho's potato fields over the past 2 yr has serologically tested positive for both pvy and plrv via double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (das-elisa) and exhibited ... | 2007 | 17598521 |
| cytochrome c oxidase mrna as an internal control for detection of potato virus y and potato leafroll virus from single aphids by a co-amplification rt-pcr assay. | using cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) mrna as the internal control, a triplex reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) for detection of potato virus y (pvy) and potato leafroll virus (plrv) with co-amplification of cox1 from single specimens of various aphid species has been developed. partial length cdna of cox1 from green peach aphid, myzus persicae (sulzer), potato aphid, macrosiphum euphorbiae (thomas), buckthorn aphid, aphis nasturtii (kaltenbach), and pea aphid, acyrt ... | 2006 | 17010449 |
| aphid parasitoid complex in potato in the context of ipm in belgium. | parasitic hymenoptera of potato aphids were collected and identified in 2000 and 2001 in 11 potato fields in belgium. nine aphidiidae species, parasiting seven aphid species, were found: aphidius ervi, aphidius matricariae, aphidius picipes, binodoxys angelicae, diaeretiella rapae, praon abjectum, praon gallicium, praon volucre and toxares deltiger. a. ervi and a. picipes were the dominant and sub-dominant species, with 54% and 28% of the primary parasite collected, respectively. both species an ... | 2005 | 16628888 |
| seasonal occurrence and relative abundance of aphids on potato plants with classical and transgenic characters of resistance to colorado potato beetle leptinotarsa decemlineata (say). | the seasonal abundance and dynamics of potato-infesting aphids were studied in two seasons, on potato solanum tuberosum l. with various types of transgenic and classical resistance to primary pests, especially the colorado potato beetle (cpb), leptinotarsa decemlineata (say). the lines tested were the newleaf potato, a transgenic expressing the bacillus thuringiensis cryiiia toxin (btt); nyl 235-4 a parental line derived from s. berthaultii (nyl) with a high density of glandular trichomes; and a ... | 2004 | 15759424 |
| transgenic-bt potato plant resistance to the colorado potato beetle affect the aphid parasitoid aphidius nigripes. | using the biotechnological plant resistance for herbivore control with less reliance on chemicals in integrated pest management (ipm) programs critically depends on predictable interactions with no-target organisms of various trophic levels. plant resistance to insect pests based on recombinant bacillus thuringiensis could interfere with natural enemies of non target pests. performance of the potato aphid parasitoid aphidius nigripes was studied on the 'superior-bt line transgenic for the crylli ... | 2004 | 15759411 |
| effect of aphid-infested plants on the host location and learning behaviour of the parasitoid aphelinus abdominalis. | aphelinus abdominalis dalman (hymenoptera: aphelinidae) is a generalist parasitoid of cereal (e.g. sitobion avenae) and greenhouse aphids (e.g. macrosiphum euphorbiae). it differs from aphidius spp. (hymenoptera: braconidae) by its robust constitution, longevity and its habit to use aphids not only as hosts for its progeny but also as prey (host feeding). in addition, a. abdominalis does not evoke aphidius-characteristic defence responses by attacked aphids as this wasp approaches its hosts very ... | 2003 | 15149107 |
| activity of aphids associated with lettuce and broccoli in spain and their efficiency as vectors of lettuce mosaic virus. | this research sought to identify the aphid virus vector species associated with lettuce and broccoli crops in spain, and to determine their population dynamics and ability to transmit lettuce mosaic virus (lmv). green tile traps and moericke yellow water-pan traps were used to monitor aphid flights during the spring and autumn growing seasons of 2001. aphid species feeding on lettuce were counted weekly. the transmission efficiencies of lmv were determined for the aphid species caught most frequ ... | 2004 | 15036838 |
| aphid pests of strawberry crops and their parasitoids in france. | the pest status of aphids on strawberry crops has changed with time. they were mainly considered with respect to virus transmission. now, they are rather considered as sap-feeders and honeydew producers. as such, low populations regulated by natural enemies can be tolerated and systematic use of insecticides avoided. a survey of the species present in the different areas of production has been undertaken during 1999 and 2000 in france. during this survey, well known species of the strawberry cro ... | 2001 | 12425050 |
| the tomato rme1 locus is required for mi-1-mediated resistance to root-knot nematodes and the potato aphid. | the tomato mi-1 gene confers resistance against root-knot nematodes (meloidogyne spp.) and a biotype of the potato aphid (macrosiphum euphorbiae). four mutagenized mi-1/mi-1 tomato populations were generated and screened for altered root-knot nematode resistance. four independent mutants belonging to two phenotypic classes were isolated. one mutant was chosen for further analyzes; rme1 (for resistance to meloidogyne) exhibited levels of infection comparable with those found on susceptible contro ... | 2001 | 11576426 |
| ultrastructure of the antennal sensilla of aphids. i. coeloconic and placoid sensilla. | an electron microscopical study was made of the coeloconic and placoid sensilla on the antennae of the aphids aphis pomi, macrosiphum euphorbiae, nasonovia ribis-nigri, and pemphigus bursarius. scanning electron microscopy revealed some variation in morphology which may be functionally important but is more likely to reflect the evolution of these species. the placoid sensilla were shown by tranwo or three neurons is surrounded by two ensheathing cells. the ciliary regions of the dendrites pass ... | 1979 | 519733 |
| the potato aphid salivary effector me47 is a glutathione-s-transferase involved in modifying plant responses to aphid infestation. | polyphagous aphid pests cause considerable economic damage to crop plants, primarily through the depletion of photoassimilates and transfer of viruses. the potato aphid (macrosiphum euphorbiae) is a notable pest of solanaceous crops, however, the molecular mechanisms that underpin the ability to colonize these hosts are unknown. it has recently been demonstrated that like other aphid species, m. euphorbiae injects a battery of salivary proteins into host plants during feeding. it is speculated t ... | 2016 | 27536306 |
| groel from the endosymbiont buchnera aphidicola betrays the aphid by triggering plant defense. | aphids are sap-feeding plant pests and harbor the endosymbiont buchnera aphidicola, which is essential for their fecundity and survival. during plant penetration and feeding, aphids secrete saliva that contains proteins predicted to alter plant defenses and metabolism. plants recognize microbe-associated molecular patterns and induce pattern-triggered immunity (pti). no aphid-associated molecular pattern has yet been identified. by mass spectrometry, we identified in saliva from potato aphids (m ... | 2014 | 24927572 |
| aphid feeding behavior in relation to potato virus y (pvy) acquisition. | potato virus y (pvy) is transmitted by aphids in a nonpersistent manner and aphid species differ in their ability to transmit pvy. during host selection, aphids will land and probe on nonhost plant species and this behavior is an important component of the epidemiology of many aphid-transmitted viruses. in this study, we hypothesized that host selection behavior varies between aphid species and the host or nonhost status of the plant and this behavior will modulate their ability to acquire pvy. ... | 2012 | 23356052 |
| dynamics of nonpersistent aphid-borne viruses in lettuce crops covered with uv-absorbing nets. | aphid-transmitted viruses frequently cause severe epidemics in lettuce grown under mediterranean climates. spatio-temporal dynamics of aphid-transmitted viruses and its vector were studied on lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) grown under tunnels covered by two types of nets: a commercial uv-absorbing net (bionet) and a standard net. a group of plants infected by cucumber mosaic virus (cmv, family bromoviridae, genus cucumovirus) and lettuce mosaic virus (lmv, family potyviridae, genus potyvirus) was t ... | 2011 | 22226944 |
| Assessing aphids potato virus Y-transmission efficiency: A new approach. | In order to develop an alternative method to optimize the relative efficiency factor (REF) assessment, the efficiency of transmission of Potato virus Y (PVY) by seven aphid species was examined. In vitro micropropagated potato plantlets were used to experiment on phenotypically and genetically homogeneous material. Species-specific acquisition access period (AAP) on a PVY-infected plantlet was assessed for each aphid species using electrical penetration graph (EPG) technique. Aphid probing behav ... | 2011 | 21884729 |
| within plant distribution of potato virus y in hairy nightshade (solanum sarrachoides): an inoculum source affecting pvy aphid transmission. | potato virus y (pvy) is vectored by several potato-colonizing and non-colonizing aphid species in a non-persistent manner and has a wide host range. it occurs naturally in several plant families. myzus persicae and macrosiphum euphorbiae are the most efficient potato-colonizing aphid vectors of pvy. rhopalosiphum padi, a cereal aphid that migrates in large numbers through potato fields during the middle of the growing season, does not colonize potato plants but can transmit pvy. hairy nightshade ... | 2011 | 21601597 |
| the ethylene response factor pti5 contributes to potato aphid resistance in tomato independent of ethylene signalling. | ethylene response factors (erfs) comprise a large family of transcription factors that regulate numerous biological processes including growth, development, and response to environmental stresses. here, we report that pti5, an erf in tomato [solanum lycopersicum (linnaeus)] was transcriptionally upregulated in response to the potato aphid macrosiphum euphorbiae (thomas), and contributed to plant defences that limited the population growth of this phloem-feeding insect. virus-induced gene silenci ... | 2014 | 25504643 |
| in planta expression or delivery of potato aphid macrosiphum euphorbiae effectors me10 and me23 enhances aphid fecundity. | the interactions between aphids and their host plants seem to be analogous to those of plant-microbial pathogens. unlike microbial pathogen effectors, little is known about aphid effectors and their ability to interfere with host immunity. to date, only three functional aphid effectors have been reported. to identify potato aphid (macrosiphum euphorbiae) effectors, we developed a salivary gland transcriptome using illumina technology. we generated 85 million illumina reads from salivary glands a ... | 2013 | 23194342 |
| prosystemin overexpression in tomato enhances resistance to different biotic stresses by activating genes of multiple signaling pathways. | systemin is a signal peptide that promotes the response to wounding and herbivore attack in tomato. this 18-amino acid peptide is released from a larger precursor, prosystemin. to study the role of systemin as a modulator of defense signaling, we generated tomato (solanum lycopersicum) transgenic plants that overexpress the prosystemin cdna. we carried out a transcriptomic analysis comparing two different transgenic events with the untransformed control. the gene ontology categories of the 503 d ... | 2017 | 26339120 |
| presence of the aphid, chaetosiphon fragaefolii, on strawberry in argentina. | seasonal abundance of the strawberry aphid complex under different agronomic practices in the outskirts of la plata, argentina was studied on strawberry, fragaria x ananassa duchesne (rosales: rosaceae). aphid densities were low in strawberry fields in which insecticides and fungicides were used. in addition to aphis gossypii, aphis fabae, mysus persicae and macrosiphum euphorbiae, the aphid, chaetosiphon fragaefolii (cockerell) (homoptera: aphididae), was recorded for the first time in this hor ... | 2010 | 20569141 |
| the tomato mi-1 gene confers resistance to both root-knot nematodes and potato aphids. | mi-1, a lycopersicon peruvianum gene conferring resistance to the agricultural pests, root-knot nematodes, and introgressed into tomato, has been cloned using a selective restriction fragment amplification based strategy. complementation analysis of a susceptible tomato line with a 100 kb cosmid array yielded a single cosmid clone capable of conferring resistance both to the root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita and to an unrelated pathogen, the potato aphid macrosiphum euphorbiae. this resis ... | 1998 | 9853621 |
| heterologous expression of the mi-1.2 gene from tomato confers resistance against nematodes but not aphids in eggplant. | the mi-1.2 gene in tomato (solanum lycopersicum) is a member of the nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (nblrr) class of plant resistance genes, and confers resistance against root-knot nematodes (meloidogyne spp.), the potato aphid (macrosiphum euphorbiae), and the sweet potato whitefly (bemisia tabaci). mi-1.2 mediates a rapid local defensive response at the site of infection, although the signaling and defensive pathways required for resistance are largely unknown. in this study, eggplant ... | 2006 | 16610741 |
| mi-1.2 transcripts accumulate ubiquitously in resistant lycopersicon esculentum. | the tomato mi-1.2 gene confers resistance against both root-knot nematodes and the potato aphid. plants are resistant to nematodes early in root development. however, plants as old as 4 weeks are susceptible to aphid infestation. we monitored mi-1.2 expression at the transcriptional level in resistant (mi/mi) and susceptible (mi/mi) tomato cultivars by means of rt-pcr. mi-1.2 transcripts accumulated in seeds, roots, stems, leaves, flowers, and green fruits of uninfected 10-week-old resistant pla ... | 2001 | 19266006 |
| impact of aphid alarm pheromone release on virus transmission efficiency: when pest control strategy could induce higher virus dispersion. | aphids cause serious damages to crops not only by tacking sap but also by transmitting numerous viruses. to develop biological control, the aphid alarm pheromone, namely e-β-farnesene (eβf), has been demonstrated to be efficient to repel aphids and as attract beneficials, making it a potential tool to control aphid pests. considering aphids also as virus vectors, changes of their behavior could also interfere with the virus acquisition and transmission process. here, a combination of two aphid s ... | 2016 | 27185564 |
| effect of insecticide-treated potato plants on aphid behavior and potato virus y acquisition. | the objective was to assess the effect of two contact insecticides, lambda-cyhalothrin and flonicamid, and three systemic insecticides, pymetrozine, dimethoate and imidacloprid, on the behavior and potato virus y (pvy) acquisition of three aphid species, macrosiphum euphorbiae (thomas), rhopalosiphum padi l. and aphis fabae (scopoli). | 2015 | 25159012 |
| virus strains differentially induce plant susceptibility to aphid vectors and chewing herbivores. | plants are frequently attacked by both pathogens and insects, and an attack from one can induce plant responses that affect resistance to the other. however, we currently lack a predictive framework for understanding how pathogens, their vectors, and other herbivores interact. to address this gap, we have investigated the effects of a viral infection in the host plant on both its aphid vector and non-vector herbivores. we tested whether the infection by three different strains of potato virus y ... | 2014 | 24178835 |
| specificity of induced resistance in the tomato, lycopersicon esculentum. | specificity in the induced responses of tomato foliage to arthropod herbivores was investigated. we distinguished between two aspects of specificity: specificity of effect (the range of organisms affected by a given induced response), and specificity of elicitation (ability of the plant to generate distinct chemical responses to different damage types). specificity of effect was investigated by examining the effect of restricted feeding by helicoverpa zea on the resistance of tomato plants to an ... | 1997 | 28307296 |
| tomato below ground-above ground interactions: trichoderma longibrachiatum affects the performance of macrosiphum euphorbiae and its natural antagonists. | below ground and above ground plant-insect-microorganism interactions are complex and regulate most of the developmental responses of important crop plants such as tomato. we investigated the influence of root colonization by a nonmycorrhizal plant-growth-promoting fungus on direct and indirect defenses of tomato plant against aphids. the multitrophic system included the plant solanum lycopersicum ('san marzano nano'), the root-associated biocontrol fungus trichoderma longibrachiatum strain mk1, ... | 2013 | 23718124 |
| aphid salivary proteases are capable of degrading sieve-tube proteins. | sieve tubes serve as transport conduits for photo-assimilates and other resources in angiosperms and are profitable targets for piercing-sucking insects such as aphids. sieve-tube sap also contains significant amounts of proteins with diverse functions, for example in signalling, metabolism, and defence. the identification of salivary proteases in acyrthosiphon pisum led to the hypothesis that aphids might be able to digest these proteins and by doing so suppress plant defence and access additio ... | 2015 | 25540441 |
| faba bean forisomes can function in defence against generalist aphids. | phloem sieve elements have shut-off mechanisms that prevent loss of nutrient-rich phloem sap when the phloem is damaged. some phloem proteins such as the proteins that form forisomes in legume sieve elements are one such mechanism and in response to damage, they instantly form occlusions that stop the flow of sap. it has long been hypothesized that one function of phloem proteins is defence against phloem sap-feeding insects such as aphids. this study provides the first experimental evidence tha ... | 2015 | 25311512 |
| above- and below ground trophic interactions on creeping thistle (cirsium arvense) in high- and low-diversity plant communities: potential for biotic resistance? | the capacity of local communities to control introduced plants is called biotic resistance. biotic resistance has been almost exclusively tested for plant competition and above ground herbivores and pathogens, while neglecting root herbivores and soil pathogens. here, we present biotic resistance by above- and below ground herbivores in concert, and relate the abundance of the plant enemies to the species diversity of the local plant communities. the study was carried out in a 7-year-old biodive ... | 2008 | 15045676 |
| plant cues for aphid navigation in vascular tissues. | the ability of aphids to detect and find sieve tubes suggests that aphids receive cues for sieve-tube recognition by taking samples. specific natural conditions such as ph value, sugar species and concentration, viscosity, and oxygen pressure may enable sieve-tube detection. we tested the preference of megoura viciae and myzus persicae for potential plant-borne orientation parameters in artificial choice-chamber systems. both species preferred sucrose (in comparison with fructose, glucose, raffi ... | 2010 | 21075945 |
| cis-jasmone elicits aphid-induced stress signalling in potatoes. | elicitation of plant defense signaling that results in altered emission of volatile organic compounds (vocs) offers opportunities for protecting plants against arthropod pests. in this study, we treated potato, solanum tuberosum l., with the plant defense elicitor cis-jasmone (cj), which induces the emission of defense vocs and thus affects the behavior of herbivores. using chemical analysis, electrophysiological and behavioral assays with the potato-feeding aphid macrosiphum euphorbiae, we show ... | 2017 | 28130741 |
| the conformation of a plasma membrane-localized somatic embryogenesis receptor kinase complex is altered by a potato aphid-derived effector. | somatic embryogenesis receptor kinases (serks) are transmembrane receptors involved in plant immunity. tomato (solanum lycopersicum) carries three serk members. one of these, slserk1, is required for mi-1.2-mediated resistance to potato aphids (macrosiphum euphorbiae). mi-1.2 encodes a coiled-coil nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat protein that in addition to potato aphids confers resistance to two additional phloem-feeding insects and to root-knot nematodes (meloidogyne spp.). how slserk1 p ... | 2016 | 27208261 |
| a novel virus from macrosiphum euphorbiae with similarities to members of the family flaviviridae. | a virus with a large genome was identified in the transcriptome of the potato aphid (macrosiphum euphorbiae) and was named macrosiphum euphorbiae virus 1 (mev-1). the mev-1 genome is 22 780 nt in size, including 3' and 5' non-coding regions, with a single large orf encoding a putative polyprotein of 7333 aa. the c-terminal region of the predicted mev-1 polyprotein contained sequences with similarities to helicase, methyltransferase and rna-dependent rna polymerase (rdrp) motifs, while the n-term ... | 2016 | 26822322 |
| potato aphid salivary proteome: enhanced salivation using resorcinol and identification of aphid phosphoproteins. | aphids deliver saliva into plants and acquire plant sap for their nourishment using a specialized mouthpart or stylets. aphid saliva is of great importance because it contains effectors that are involved in modulating host defense and metabolism. although profiling aphid salivary glands and identifying secreted proteins have been successfully used, success in direct profiling of aphid saliva have been limited due to scarcity of saliva collected in artificial diets. here we present the use of a n ... | 2015 | 25722084 |
| glycoalkaloids of wild and cultivated solanum: effects on specialist and generalist insect herbivores. | plant domestication by selective breeding may reduce plant chemical defense in favor of growth. however, few studies have simultaneously studied the defensive chemistry of cultivated plants and their wild congeners in connection to herbivore susceptibility. we compared the constitutive glycoalkaloids (gas) of cultivated potato, solanum tuberosum, and a wild congener, s. commersonii, by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. we also determined the major herbivores present on the two ... | 2014 | 24863489 |
| host plant volatiles and the sexual reproduction of the potato aphid, macrosiphum euphorbiae. | in late summer, heteroecious aphids, such as the potato aphid, macrosiphum euphorbiae, move from their secondary summer host plants to primary host plants, where the sexual oviparae mate and lay diapausing eggs. we tested the hypothesis that volatiles of the primary host, rosa rugosa, would attract the gynoparae, the parthenogenetic alate morph that produce oviparae, as well as the alate males foraging for suitable mates. in wind tunnel assays, both gynoparae and males oriented towards and reach ... | 2014 | 26462939 |
| weather forecasting by insects: modified sexual behaviour in response to atmospheric pressure changes. | prevailing abiotic conditions may positively or negatively impact insects at both the individual and population levels. for example while moderate rainfall and wind velocity may provide conditions that favour development, as well as movement within and between habitats, high winds and heavy rains can significantly decrease life expectancy. there is some evidence that insects adjust their behaviours associated with flight, mating and foraging in response to changes in barometric pressure. we stud ... | 2013 | 24098362 |
| comparative analysis of solanum stoloniferum responses to probing by the green peach aphid myzus persicae and the potato aphid macrosiphum euphorbiae. | plants protect themselves against aphid attacks by species-specific defense mechanisms. previously, we have shown that solanum stoloniferum schlechtd has resistance factors to myzus persicae sulzer (homoptera: aphididae) at the epidermal/mesophyll level that are not effective against macrosiphum euphorbiae thomas (homoptera: aphididae). here, we compare the nymphal mortality, the pre-reproductive development time, and the probing behavior of m. persicae and m. euphorbiae on s. stoloniferum and s ... | 2013 | 23955861 |
| trans-generational effects of mild heat stress on the life history traits of an aphid parasitoid. | temperature changes are common in nature and insects are particularly exposed and sensitive to such variations which can be potential stresses, ultimately affecting life history traits and overall fitness. braconids have been widely used to study the effects of temperature on host-parasitoid interactions and the present work focused on the solitary endoparasitoid aphidius ervi haliday (hymenoptera: braconidae aphidiidae), an efficient biological control agent commercially used against aphids suc ... | 2013 | 23405079 |
| wounding, insect chewing and phloem sap feeding differentially alter the leaf proteome of potato, solanum tuberosum l. | | 2012 | 23268880 |
| spatial and temporal genetic variation in tunisian field populations of macrosiphum euphorbiae (thomas). | the potato aphid macrosiphum euphorbiae (thomas) is a major pest of several economic crops in tunisia. using 10 microsatellites, we analyzed five populations of m. euphorbiae sampled during the 2004-2005 solanaceous and cucurbit season (april through september) from five geographic origins. from 235 aphids, 61 different multilocus genotypes were identified of which three genotypes mlg1, mlg2, and mlg42 were predominant on all host plants and regions. mlg1 and mlg2 genotypes were detected in 2004 ... | 2012 | 22507018 |
| changes in aphid probing behaviour as a function of insect age and plant resistance level. | aphids perform a series of behaviours to assess feeding suitability and, hence, to select a plant. little information, however, is available on such behaviour after aphids have settled on a plant. observation of probing behaviour over an extended period of time can improve our understanding of insect-plant interactions and is instrumental in the study of crop resistance. here, we assessed the influence of aphid age and plant resistance level on aphid behaviour. an electrical penetration graph (e ... | 2012 | 22459267 |
| differential effects of weather and natural enemies on coexisting aphid populations. | study of mechanisms responsible for regulating populations of living organisms is essential for a better comprehension of the structure of biological communities and evolutionary forces in nature. aphids (hemiptera: sternorrhyncha) comprise a large and economically important group of phytophagous insects distributed worldwide. previous studies determined that density-dependent mechanisms play an important role in regulating their populations. however, only a few of those studies identified speci ... | 2011 | 22251634 |
| resistance level to an aphid potato pest varies between genotypes from the same solanum accession. | plant resistance to aphids can be improved by introgressing resistant traits from wild solanum species into the potato germplasm. breeding parents are commonly selected from the different accessions of each species. accessions originate from several seeds collected in a restricted area and are conserved as seeds in genebanks. genetic heterogeneity may be expected between genotypes from the same accession and could influence resistance level. working with the potato aphid, macrosiphum euphorbiae ... | 2011 | 21735931 |
| cytogenetic and molecular analysis of the holocentric chromosomes of the potato aphid macrosiphum euphorbiae (thomas, 1878). | cytogenetic and molecular investigations on the holocentric chromosomes of the aphid macrosiphum euphorbiae (thomas, 1878)have been carried out using silver staining and c-banding (followed by chromomycin a3 and dapi staining) in order to improve our knowledge about the structure of aphid chromosomes. the c-banding pattern is peculiar since only the two x chromosomes and a single pair of autosomes presented heterochromatic bands. silver staining and fish with the 28s rdna probe localized the rdn ... | 2011 | 24260627 |
| quantitative differences in aphid virulence and foliar symptom development on tomato plants carrying the mi resistance gene. | the mi resistance gene in tomato reduces the feeding, fecundity, and survival of certain isolates of the potato aphid (macrosiphum euphorbiae thomas). this study compared the performance of two potato aphid isolates, wu11 and wu12, on nearly isogenic susceptible (mi-) and resistant (mi+) tomato cultivars. although mi significantly reduced the population growth of both aphids, wu12 numbers decreased by only 15% compared with 95% for isolate wu11. these results show that there are quantitative dif ... | 2007 | 17445382 |
| molecular, biochemical, and organismal analyses of tomato plants simultaneously attacked by herbivores from two feeding guilds. | previous work identified aphids and caterpillars as having distinct effects on plant responses to herbivory. we sought to decipher these interactions across different levels of biological organization, i.e., molecular, biochemical, and organismal, with tomato plants either damaged by one 3rd-instar beet armyworm caterpillar (spodoptera exigua), damaged by 40 adult potato aphids (macrosiphum euphorbiae), simultaneous damaged by both herbivores, or left undamaged (controls). after placing insects ... | 2010 | 20820890 |
| investigation on survival of aphidius nigripes ashmead (hym.: aphidiidae) reared on infected potato aphid by lecanicillium muscarium (deut.: moniliaceae). | survival of larval stages of endoparasitoid aphidius nigripes ashmead was investigated on entomopathogen lecanicillium muscarium (zare and gains) infected potato aphid macrosiphum euphorbiae thomas. low and high concentrations of l. muscarium (10s and 10(7) blastospore/ml., respectively) were administered on parasitized aphid nymphs (by a. nigripes) on 0, 2, 4 and 6 day intervals base. distilled water with surfactant agent was used as control and 3 replicates were applied. ten days following ino ... | 2006 | 17385503 |
| expression of α-dioxygenase 1 in tomato and arabidopsis contributes to plant defenses against aphids. | plant α-dioxygenases (α-dox) are fatty acid-hydroperoxidases that contribute to the synthesis of oxylipins, a diverse group of compounds primarily generated through oxidation of linoleic (la) and linolenic acid (lna). oxylipins are implicated in plant signaling against biotic and abiotic stresses. we report here that the potato aphid (macrosiphum euphorbiae) induces slα-dox1 but not slα-dox2 expression in tomato (solanum lycopersicum). slα-dox1 upregulation by aphids does not require either jasm ... | 2013 | 23634839 |
| effect of plant development (age and size) on the mi-1-mediated resistance of tomato to whitefly bemisia tabaci. | whitefly, bemisia tabaci, is one of the most important pests of tomato, solanum lycopersicum l. the mi-1 gene mediates tomato resistance to the middle east-asia minor 1 (meam1) and mediterranean (med) species of b. tabaci, three species of root-knot nematodes, meloidogyne spp., and the potato aphid, macrosiphum euphorbiae. tomato seedlings bearing the mi-1 gene are resistant to nematodes soon after germination but resistance to aphids is developmentally regulated; a reliable conclusion about mi- ... | 2017 | 28397642 |
| potato aphid macrosiphum euphorbiae performance is determined by aphid genotype and not mycorrhizal fungi or water availability. | intra- and inter-specific variation in plant and insect traits can alter the strength and direction of insect-plant interactions, with outcomes modified by soil biotic and abiotic conditions. we used the potato aphid (macrosiphum euphorbiae thomas) feeding on cultivated s. tuberosum and wild s. berthaulti to study the impact of water availability and plant mutualistic arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungi on aphid performance and susceptibility to a parasitoid wasp (aphidius ervi haliday). plants we ... | 2017 | 28213920 |
| acquired and r-gene-mediated resistance against the potato aphid in tomato. | we examined the effects of three forms of host plant resistance in tomato, lycopersicon esculentum, on the potato aphid, macrosiphum euphorbiae. mi-1.2, a resistance gene (r-gene) in tomato that deters aphid feeding, reduced the population growth of both potato aphid isolates tested, although it appeared to have a greater impact on isolate wu11 than on isolate wu12. the results suggest that there may be quantitative differences in virulence between these two aphid isolates. we also examined two ... | 2004 | 15724969 |
| gene-for-gene disease resistance: bridging insect pest and pathogen defense. | active plant defense, also known as gene-for-gene resistance, is triggered when a plant resistance (r) gene recognizes the intrusion of a specific insect pest or pathogen. activation of plant defense includes an array of physiological and transcriptional reprogramming. during the past decade, a large number of plant r genes that confer resistance to diverse group of pathogens have been cloned from a number of plant species. based on predicted protein structures, these genes are classified into a ... | 2004 | 15724964 |
| effects of plant protease inhibitors, oryzacystatin i and soybean bowman-birk inhibitor, on the aphid macrosiphum euphorbiae (homoptera, aphididae) and its parasitoid aphelinus abdominalis (hymenoptera, aphelinidae). | transgenic plants expressing protease inhibitors (pis) have emerged in recent years as an alternative strategy for pest control. beneficial insects such as parasitoids may therefore be exposed to these entomotoxins either via the host or by direct exposure to the plant itself. with the objective of assessing the effects of pis towards aphid parasitoids, bioassays using soybean bowman-birk inhibitor (sbbbi) or oryzacystatin i (oci) on artificial diet were performed on macrosiphum euphorbiae-aphel ... | 2005 | 15686649 |
| identification of two sex pheromone components of the potato aphid, macrosiphum euphorbiae (thomas). | females of the potato aphid macrosiphum euphorbiae exhibit typical calling behavior, with virgin female oviparae raising their back legs off the substrate to release sex pheromone from glands on the tibia. airborne collections from calling oviparae were analyzed by gc and gc-ms to determine if, like the majority of aphids examined to date, they produced (1r,4as,7s,7ar)-nepetalactol (1) and (4as,7s,7ar)-nepetalactone (2). both components were present and produced in ratios that varied with age fr ... | 2004 | 15260226 |
| potato aphid, macrosiphum euphorbiae (thomas), in tomatoes: plant canopy distribution and binomial sampling on processing tomatoes in california. | a binomial sampling method for the potato aphid, macrosiphum euphorbiae (thomas), on processing tomato plants, lycopersicon esculentum (mill), is proposed. relationships between mean number of m. euphorbiae per leaf and proportion of leaves infested [p(i)] with m. euphorbiae for both upper and interior leaves of the processing tomato varieties 'alta' and 'halley' are presented. a split-plot design was used with variety, position in the plant canopy, and block as the factors examined through line ... | 2004 | 15154472 |
| the role of honeydew in host searching of aphid hyperparasitoids. | foraging in many insect parasitoids is mediated by chemicals associated with hosts. for example, honeydew, the feces of feeding aphids, induces and/or prolongs searching behavior of aphid parasitoids. in the laboratory, we tested if aphid hyperparasitoids, which belong to a higher trophic level, also rely on aphid honeydew to locate their hosts. we used the potato aphid. macrosiphum euphorbiae, the primary parasitoid, aphidius nigripes, and four hyperparasitoids, asaphes suspensus, dendrocerus c ... | 2004 | 15112724 |
| direct and indirect sublethal effects of galanthus nivalis agglutinin (gna) on the development of a potato-aphid parasitoid, aphelinus abdominalis (hymenoptera: aphelinidae). | snowdrop lectin (galanthus nivalis agglutinin, gna), has been shown to confer partial resistance to two potato aphids myzus persicae and aulacorthum solani, when incorporated in artificial diet and/or expressed in transgenic potato. first-tier laboratory-scale experiments were conducted to assess the potential effect of gna on the aphid parasitoid aphelinus abdominalis. gna (0.1% w/v) was successfully delivered to macrosiphum euphorbiae via artificial diet and induced a reduced growth rate and i ... | 2001 | 11249943 |
| variation in tomato host response to bemisia tabaci (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) in relation to acyl sugar content and presence of the nematode and potato aphid resistance gene mi. | two commercial cultivars of tomato, alta and peto 95, the accession line number la716 of lycopersicon pennellii and lines 94gh-006 and 94gh-033 (backcrosses between peto 95 and la716), with different leaf acyl sugar contents were screened for resistance to bemisia argentifolii bellows & perring (corresponding to the spanish b-biotype of bemisia tabaci (gennadius)), in greenhouse- and field-no-choice experiments. there was no oviposition on la716 (with the highest acyl sugar content) while the gr ... | 2000 | 10948376 |
| ultrastructural and cytochemical characterization of aphid invasion by the hyphomycete verticillium lecanii | chronological events of the interaction between the hyphomycete verticillium lecanii and the potato aphid macrosiphum euphorbiae were investigated by light, scanning, and transmission electron microscopy. the parasitism of m. euphorbiae by v. lecanii appears to involve the following events: (i) adherence of conidia to the host cuticle through a thin mucilagenous matrix; (ii) germination of the conidia and production of mycelium that colonizes the surface of the cuticle; (iii) penetration of germ ... | 1999 | 10388542 |
| the nematode resistance gene mi of tomato confers resistance against the potato aphid. | resistance against the aphid macrosiphum euphorbiae previously was observed in tomato and attributed to a novel gene, designated meu-1, tightly linked to the nematode resistance gene, mi. recent cloning of mi allowed us to determine whether meu-1 and mi are the same gene. we show that mi is expressed in leaves, that aphid resistance is isolate-specific, and that susceptible tomato transformed with mi is resistant to the same aphid isolates as the original resistant lines. we conclude that mi and ... | 1998 | 9707547 |
| an aphid-resistance locus is tightly linked to the nematode-resistance gene, mi, in tomato. | tomato lines from diverse breeding programs were evaluated in the field for resistance to a natural infestation of the potato aphid, macrosiphum euphorbiae, in davis, ca. it was noted that all lines that carried the nematode-resistance gene, mi, displayed aphid resistance. a greenhouse assay for aphid resistance was developed to investigate this relationship. association of nematode and aphid resistances in near-isogenic lines suggested that these traits are tightly linked. analysis of an f2 pop ... | 1995 | 11607509 |
| inheritance of potato aphid resistance in hybrids between lycopersicon esculentum and l. pennellii. | the potato aphid, macrosiphum euphorbiae thomas, is an important pest of tomato, lycopersicon esculentum mill., because it transmits tomato viruses and directly reduces crop yields by its feeding. this study was conducted to determine whether the wild tomato species, lycopersicon pennellii (corr.) d'arcy, would be useful as a source of potato aphid resistance for tomato. type iv trichome density and aphid resistance were assessed in six generations (p1, p2, f1, f2, bc1p1, and bc1p2) from crosses ... | 1989 | 24227146 |
| aphid deterrence by glucose esters in glandular trichome exudate of the wild tomato,lycopersicon pennellii. | settling of the potato aphid,macrosiphum euphorbiae, on feeding membranes was deterred by methanolic leaf rinses oflycopersicon pennellii, or of its f1 with tomato,l. esculentum. the active compounds in thel. pennellii rinsates were identified as 2,3,4-tri-o-acylglucoses bearing short to medium chain length fatty acids. these compounds are localized in the glandular exudate of the type iv trichomes and may accumulate to levels in excess of 400 μg/cm(2). in choice assays, purified glucose esters ... | 1989 | 24272302 |
| life-history traits of macrolophus pygmaeus with different prey foods. | macrolophus pygmaeus rambur (hemiptera: miridae) is a generalist predatory mirid widely used in augmentative biological control of various insect pests in greenhouse tomato production in europe, including the invasive tomato leafminer, tuta absoluta (meyrick) (lepidoptera, gelechiidae). however, its biocontrol efficacy often relies on the presence of alternative prey. the present study aimed at evaluating the effect of various prey foods (ephestia kuehniella eggs, bemisia tabaci nymphs, tuta abs ... | 2016 | 27870857 |
| preinfestations of tomato plants by whiteflies (bemisia tabaci) or aphids (macrosiphum euphorbiae) induce variable resistance or susceptibility responses. | in addition to constitutive plant resistance against pests or pathogens, plants can activate protective mechanisms upon contact with an invader or a chemical elicitor. studies on induced plant resistance to herbivores, especially piercing-sucking insects, are less abundant than those devoted to pathogens. several experiments under controlled conditions have been conducted to demonstrate that infestations by macrosiphum euphorbiae induce plant resistance to bemisia tabaci in susceptible tomato pl ... | 2009 | 18947449 |
| ethylene contributes to potato aphid susceptibility in a compatible tomato host. | resistance to potato aphid (macrosiphum euphorbiae) in tomato (solanum lycopersicum) is conferred by mi-1. early during both compatible and incompatible interactions, potato aphid feeding induces the expression of ethylene (et) biosynthetic genes. here, we used genetic and pharmacologic approaches to investigate the role of et signaling in basal defense and mi-1-mediated resistance to potato aphid in tomato. the effect of potato aphid infestation on et biosynthesis in susceptible and resistant p ... | 2009 | 19496947 |
| plant neighborhood influences colonization of brassicaceae by specialist and generalist aphids. | a plant's own characteristics, but also those of its neighbors, might have an impact on its probability of being colonized by herbivorous insects. a plant might be less colonized and experience associational resistance when it grows near repellent neighbors. in contrast, it might be more colonized and experience associational susceptibility near attractive neighbors. to date, mechanisms that drive associational defense are not really understood. in order to gain insights into the occurrence of a ... | 2012 | 22218942 |
| differential consumption of four aphid species by four lady beetle species. | the acceptability of four different aphid species macrosiphum albifrons (essig), macrosiphum euphorbiae (thomas), macrosiphum pseudorosae patch, and myzus persicae (sulzer) (hemiptera: aphididae), as prey for four lady beetle species, one native species coccinella trifasciata l, and three non-native coccinella septempunctata l, harmonia axyridis pallas, propylea quatuordecimpunctata l (coleoptera: coccinellidae) were tested in the laboratory. the relative field abundance of adults of the same la ... | 2010 | 20578952 |
| evidence of multiplication of sowthistle yellow vein virus in an inefficient aphid vector, macrosiphum euphorbiae. | | 1973 | 4712389 |
| coil-dependent signaling pathway is not required for mi-1-mediated potato aphid resistance. | tomato (solanum lycopersicum) has a unique resistance gene, mi-1, that confers resistance to animals from distinct taxa, nematodes, and piercing and sucking insects. mi-1 encodes a protein with a nucleotide-binding site and leucine-rich repeat motifs. early in the potato aphid (macrosiphum euphorbiae)--tomato interactions, aphid feeding induces the expression of the jasmonic acid (ja)-regulated proteinase inhibitor genes, pin1 and pin2. the jail-1 (jasmonic acid insensitive 1) tomato mutant, whi ... | 2007 | 17378430 |
| response of potato aphid (homoptera: aphididae) to synthetic potato-derived colorado potato beetle (coleoptera: chrysomelidae) attractant and natural potato odor. | a recently synthesized kairomone blend, based on the volatiles produced by potato (solanum spp.) plants, has been demonstrated to be attractive to both adult and larval stages of the colorado potato beetle, leptinotarsa decemlineata (say) (coleoptera: chrysomelidae). it was subsequently formulated in a viscous inert carrier for field applications and showed potential for aggregating beetles in treated areas of the field. we investigated effects of this kairomone formulation on the potato aphid, ... | 2006 | 16937673 |
| effect of wind speed on the pheromone-mediated behavior of sexual morphs of the potato aphid, macrosiphum euphorbiae (thomas) under laboratory and field conditions. | the effect of wind on the potato aphid, macrosiphum euphorbiae, male responsiveness to the sex pheromone, and on the calling behavior of virgin oviparae, was studied under constant wind speeds in the laboratory and in the field. a significant proportion of females called at wind speeds up to 4 m/sec, whereas male flight behavior in clean air was inhibited at velocities > 2 m/sec. however, males continued to walk over the range of wind speeds at which females called. under constant wind velocitie ... | 2006 | 16900427 |
| variation for resistance to aphids (homoptera: aphididae) among tomato inbred backcross lines derived from wild lycopersicon species. | two tomato inbred backcross line (ibl) populations, derived from crosses between aphid-susceptible lycopersicon esculentum mill. 'peto 95-43' x resistant wild l. pennellii corr (d'arcy) accession la716, and peto 95-43 x resistant wild l. hirsutum f. glabratum mull accession la407, were evaluated in replicated field experiments for resistance to potato aphid, macrosiphum euphorbiae (thomas), and green peach aphid, myzus persicae (sulzer). aphid infestation scores for each ibl and control (la716, ... | 2005 | 16022331 |
| isotopic enrichment in a phloem-feeding insect: influences of nutrient and water availability. | the isotopic enrichment between an animal and its diet can vary among and within living systems, but the sources of variation are not yet fully understood. some studies have found that diet quality or an animal's nutritional status can influence the degree of trophic enrichment, while others have dismissed nutrition as a contributing factor. we evaluated the effects of nutrient and water availability on carbon and nitrogen isotopic enrichment in a specialized plant-herbivore system. aphids are l ... | 2007 | 17124569 |
| trichoderma harzianum enhances tomato indirect defense against aphids. | many fungal root symbionts of the genus trichoderma are well-known for their beneficial effects on agronomic performance and protection against plant pathogens; moreover, they may enhance protection from insect pests, by triggering plant resistance mechanisms. defense barriers against insects are induced by the activation of metabolic pathways involved in the production of defense-related plant compounds, either directly active against herbivore insects, or exerting an indirect effect, by increa ... | 2017 | 28475289 |
| plant resistance reduces the strength of consumptive and non-consumptive effects of predators on aphids. | 1. the impact of predators on prey has traditionally been attributed to the act of consumption. prey responses to the presence of the predator (non-consumptive effects), however, can be as important as predation itself. while plant defences are known to influence predator-prey interactions, their relative effects on consumptive vs. non-consumptive effects are not well understood. 2. we evaluated the consequences of plant resistance and predators (hippodamia convergens) on the mass, number of nym ... | 2015 | 25788108 |
| plant responses to brief touching: a mechanism for early neighbour detection? | in natural habitats plants can be exposed to brief and light contact with neighbouring plants. this mechanical stimulus may represent a cue that induces responses to nearby plants. however, little is known about the effect of touching on plant growth and interaction with insect herbivores. to simulate contact between plants, a soft brush was used to apply light and brief mechanical stimuli to terminal leaves of potato solanum tuberosum l. the number of non-glandular trichomes on the leaf surface ... | 2016 | 27828995 |
| probing behavior of apterous and alate morphs of two potato-colonizing aphids. | secondary host plant colonization by aphids involves alate and apterous morphs to spread in the population at a large scale by flying or, at a finer one, by walking. macrosiphum euphorbiae thomas (hemiptera: aphididae) and myzus persicae sulzer (hemiptera: aphididae) are two polyphagous aphids that cause serious losses on many crops, particularly on potato, solanum tuberosum l. (solanales: solanaceae). when settlement of virginoparous alate aphids occurs, apterous individuals are produced and sp ... | 2011 | 22242548 |
| amino acid composition and nutritional quality of potato leaf phloem sap for aphids. | to define plant 'nutritional quality' for aphids, the causal basis of the variation in aphid performance between host plants of different developmental ages was explored using the aphids myzus persicae and macrosiphum euphorbiae on potato plants (solanum tuberosum). both aphid species performed better on developmentally young ('pre-tuber-filling') plants than on mature ('tuber-filling') plants. aphid performance did not vary with leaf phloem sucrose:amino acid ratio but could be related to chang ... | 2002 | 12200404 |
| role of the aphid species and their feeding locations in parasitization behavior of aphelinus abdominalis, a parasitoid of the lettuce aphid nasonovia ribisnigri. | aphid species feeding on lettuce occupy distinct feeding sites: the lettuce aphid nasonovia ribisnigri prefers to feed on heart leaves, whereas the potato aphid macrosiphum euphorbiae feeds only on outer leaves. the aphid parasitoid aphelinus abdominalis, known to be able to regulate m. euphorbiae on many crops, has recently been indicated as a promising biocontrol candidate also for use against n. ribisnigri, a major pest of lettuce. this study therefore examined a. abdominalis parasitization p ... | 2017 | 28854232 |