| studies of epilobium angustifolium extracts on growth of accessory sexual organs in rats. | hexane and water extracts, as well as an ultrafiltration fraction (mw < 1000 da) obtained from the water extract from epilobium angustifolium l. (onagraceae) were administered perorally (p.o.) on intact male rats as well as on testosterone stimulated castrated rats and changes in growth of prostate, musculus laevator ani and seminal vesicles were determined. in intact rats the water extract decreased the weight of seminal vesicles whereas in castrated rats an increased weight of all accessory se ... | 1997 | 9080338 |
| antimicrobial effects of finnish plant extracts containing flavonoids and other phenolic compounds. | plant phenolics, especially dietary flavonoids, are currently of growing interest owing to their supposed functional properties in promoting human health. antimicrobial screening of 13 phenolic substances and 29 extracts prepared from finnish plant materials against selected microbes was conducted in this study. the tests were carried out using diffusion methods with four to nine microbial species (aspergillus niger, bacillus subtilis, candida albicans, escherichia coli, micrococcus luteus, pseu ... | 2000 | 10857921 |
| prescribed burning effects on summer elk forage availability in the subalpine zone, banff national park, canada. | the effects of prescribed burning on forage abundance and suitability for elk (cervus elaphus) during the snow-free season was evaluated in east-central banff national park, canada. six coniferous forest and mixed shrub-herb plant communities (n=144 plots), and 5223ha of burned (n=131) vegetation <12 years old were sampled using a stratified semi-random design. sampling units represented various combinations of vegetation, terrain conditions, and stand ages that were derived from digital biophys ... | 2005 | 16102891 |
| induction of neutral endopeptidase activity in pc-3 cells by an aqueous extract of epilobium angustifolium l. and oenothein b. | an aqueous extract of epilobium angustifolium and its main compound oenothein b (oeb), a dimeric macrocyclic ellagitannin, are specifically able to induce the neutral endopeptidase (nep) in prostate cancer cells. the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ace) is not influenced. additionally, a weak but statistically significant inhibition of cell proliferation is observed. simultaneous treatment of the cells with arabinosylcytosine and the extract as well as the oeb, leads to an additional enhancement ... | 2006 | 16492533 |
| remediation of heavy metal-contaminated forest soil using recycled organic matter and native woody plants. | the main aim of this study was to determine how the application of a mulch cover (a mixture of household biocompost and woodchips) onto heavy metal-polluted forest soil affects (i) long-term survival and growth of planted dwarf shrubs and tree seedlings and (ii) natural revegetation. native woody plants (pinus sylvestris, betula pubescens, empetrum nigrum, and arctostaphylos uva-ursi) were planted in mulch pockets on mulch-covered and uncovered plots in summer 1996 in a highly polluted scots pin ... | 2007 | 17596623 |
| antifungal activity of medicinal plant extracts; preliminary screening studies. | in the setting of hiv and organ transplantation, opportunistic fungal infections have become a common cause of morbidity and mortality. thus antifungal therapy is playing a greater role in health care. traditional plants are a valuable source of novel antifungals. | 2008 | 17996411 |
| gram-negative and gram-positive antibacterial properties of the whole plant extract of willow herb (epilobium angustifolium). | the emergence of new pathogens and the increase in the number of multidrug-resistant strains in well-established pathogens during the past decade represent a growing public health concern globally. with the current lack of research and development of new antibiotics by large pharmaceutical companies due to poor financial returns, new alternatives need to be explored including natural herbal or plant-based extracts with reported antibacterial properties. willow herb (epilobium angustifolium) prep ... | 2011 | 21208973 |
| antimicrobial activity of different finnish monofloral honeys against human pathogenic bacteria. | the antimicrobial activity and phenolic compounds of five finnish honey products against important human pathogens streptococcus pneumoniae, s. pyogenes, staphylococcus aureus, and methicillin-resistant s. aureus were analyzed. microbroth dilution method and hplc-dad were used in antimicrobial testing and phenolic compound determination, respectively. significant antimicrobial activity (p < 0.01) against all the tested pathogens was found from willow herb (epilobium angustifolium), heather (call ... | 2012 | 23278378 |
| antimicrobial activity of willowherb (epilobium angustifolium l.) leaves and flowers. | since the aetiology of benign prostatic hyperplasia (bhp) is still unknown, the use of medicinal herb extracts and products prepared thereof are recommended due to their antimicrobial activity, especially during early stages of bhp. a comparison was performed of the in vitro antimicrobial activity (using broth microdilution assay) of flowers and leaves of willowherb (epilobium angustifolium l., onagraceae) from mt. velebit (croatia). the strains (standard atcc and clinical isolates) of staphyloc ... | 2013 | 23796429 |
| pollinator-mediated assortative mating in mixed ploidy populations of chamerion angustifolium (onagraceae). | establishment of polyploid individuals within diploid populations is theoretically unlikely unless polyploids are reproductively isolated, pre-zygotically, through assortative pollination. here, we quantify the contribution of pollinator diversity and foraging behaviour to assortative pollen deposition in three mixed-ploidy populations of chamerion angustifolium (onagraceae). diploids and tetraploids were not differentiated with respect to composition of insect visitors. however, foraging patter ... | 2006 | 17024387 |
| constraints on polyploid evolution: a test of the minority cytotype exclusion principle. | polyploid evolution is often considered a mechanism of instant speciation; yet the establishment of rare tetraploids within diploid populations may be constrained by a frequency-dependent mating disadvantage (minority cytotype exclusion principle). i tested this hypothesis using experimental populations of chamerion angustifolium (onagraceae) that contained different proportions of tetraploids and diploids. fitness, measured as total seed production over the entire flowering season, was calculat ... | 2000 | 10714875 |
| direct vs. indirect effects of whole-genome duplication on prezygotic isolation in chamerion angustifolium: implications for rapid speciation. | the depiction of polyploid speciation as instantaneous implies that strong prezygotic and postzygotic isolation form as a direct result of whole-genome duplication. however, the direct vs. indirect contributions of genome duplication to phenotypic divergence and prezygotic isolation are rarely quantified across multiple reproductive barriers. | 2016 | 27440792 |
| possible similarities between the folk medicine historically used by first nations and american indians in north america and the ethnoveterinary knowledge currently used in british columbia, canada. | this paper compares sixty-four plants used as ethnoveterinary remedies in british columbia with first nations folk medicine. | 2016 | 27394389 |
| therapeutic potential of polyphenols from epilobium angustifolium (fireweed). | epilobium angustifolium is a medicinal plant used around the world in traditional medicine for the treatment of many disorders and ailments. experimental studies have demonstrated that epilobium extracts possess a broad range of pharmacological and therapeutic effects, including antioxidant, anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and anti-aging properties. flavonoids and ellagitannins, such as oenothein b, are among the compounds considered to be the primary biologically active co ... | 2016 | 27215200 |
| effect of inbreeding on pollen tube growth in diploid and tetraploid chamerion angustifolium: do polyploids mask mutational load in pollen? | deleterious recessive mutations are an important determinant of fitness (mutational load) in the sporophytic phase of plants and a major cause of inbreeding depression; however, their role in gametophyte function is less well documented but may account for variation in pollen tube growth and siring ability, especially between diploid and polyploid plants, which can mask the load. | 2016 | 26944354 |
| isolation, characterisation and quantification of the main oligomeric macrocyclic ellagitannins in epilobium angustifolium by ultra-high performance chromatography with diode array detection and electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. | tannins have beneficial effects in animal nutrition as they are able to decrease methane emission in ruminants and exert anthelminthic activity against intestinal nematodes. however, tannins can have very diverse structures and therefore, different activities. in order to enhance the research in tannin-rich forages we need tools which are able to quantify tannins individually. in this study we isolated and characterised the main tellimagrandin i (ti)-based oligomeric ellagitannins (ets) from epi ... | 2015 | 26455285 |
| a study of the structure-activity relationship of oligomeric ellagitannins on ruminal fermentation in vitro. | the aim of this study was to investigate how the degree of oligomerization of ellagitannins (et) influences their ability to alter ruminal fermentation. dimeric to heptameric et were isolated from rosebay willowherb (epilobium angustifolium) flowers and purified. ellagitannins were tested in vitro on a mixture of grass silage and buffered rumen fluid. total gas production was measured in real time using an automated pressure evaluation system. methane production was monitored at regular interval ... | 2016 | 27522412 |
| divergence in eco-physiological responses to drought mirrors the distinct distribution of chamerion angustifolium cytotypes in the himalaya-hengduan mountains region. | polyploid species generally occupy harsher habitats (characterized by cold, drought and/or high altitude) than diploids, but the converse was observed for chamerion angustifolium, in which diploid plants generally inhabit higher altitudes than their polyploid derivatives. plants at high altitudes may experience cold-induced water stress, and we therefore examined the physiological responses of diploid and hexaploid c. angustifolium to water stress to better understand the ecological differentiat ... | 2016 | 27630654 |
| inter-population and inter-organ distribution of the main polyphenolic compounds of epilobium angustifolium. | rosebay willowherb (epilobium angustifolium) contains large amounts of polyphenolic compounds, including tellimagrandin i-based oligomeric ellagitannins (ets). the aim of this study was to assess the interpopulational and inter-organ variability of the polyphenol fingerprint of e. angustifolium. seven ets, 11 flavonol glycosides and neochlorogenic acid were quantified by uhplc-dad-esi-qqq-ms in the leaves, flowers and stem parts of plants from 10 populations. total polyphenol content of leaves a ... | 2017 | 27866749 |
| analysis of antiproliferative effect of chamerion angustifolium water extract and its fractions on several breast cancer cell lines. | to evaluate the antiproliferative effect of the aerial part of chamerion angustifolium (l.) holub. (onagraceae) extract and its fractions in vitro. this is the first study on the anti-proliferative effect of c. angustifolium on 3 distinct breast cancer cell lines. | 2017 | 28282602 |
| attracting pollinators and avoiding herbivores: insects influence plant traits within and across years. | perennial plants interact with herbivores and pollinators across multiple growing seasons, and thus may respond to herbivores and pollinators both within and across years. joint effects of herbivores and pollinators influence plant traits, but while some of the potential interactions among herbivory, pollination, plant size, and plant reproductive traits have been well studied, others are poorly understood. this is particularly true for perennial plants where effects of herbivores and pollinator ... | 2013 | 23456243 |
| oenothein b, a cyclic dimeric ellagitannin isolated from epilobium angustifolium, enhances ifnγ production by lymphocytes. | oenothein b is a polyphenol isolated from epilobium angustifolium and other plant sources, which has been reported to exhibit immunomodulatory properties. oenothein b is known to activate myeloid cells and induce the production of il-1 and other cytokines. however, its effects on lymphocytes are unknown. in this report, we show that oenothein b stimulated innate lymphocytes, including bovine and human γδ t cells and nk cells, resulting in either increased cd25 and/or cd69 expression. we also dem ... | 2012 | 23226309 |
| aging influences the response of t cells to stimulation by the ellagitannin, oenothein b. | several plant extracts, including certain polyphenols, prime innate lymphocytes and enhance responses to secondary stimuli. oenothein b, a polyphenol isolated from epilobium angustifolium and other plant sources, enhances ifnγ production by both bovine and human nk cells and t cells, alone and in response to secondary stimulation by cytokines or tumor cells. innate immune cell responsiveness is known to be affected by aging, but whether polyphenol responses by these cells are also impacted by ag ... | 2015 | 25887271 |
| mechanisms for success after long-term nutrient enrichment in a boreal forest understory. | global levels of reactive nitrogen are predicted to rise in the coming decades as a result of increased deposition from the burning of fossil fuels and the large-scale conversion of nitrogen into a useable form for agriculture. many plant communities respond strongly to increases in soil nitrogen, particularly in northern ecosystems where nitrogen levels are naturally very low. an experiment in northern canada that was initiated in 1990 has been investigating the effects of long-term nutrient en ... | 2013 | 23573298 |
| influence of plant polyphenols and medicinal plant extracts on antibiotic susceptibility of escherichia coli. | to investigate the influence of polyphenols and plant extracts on the susceptibility of escherichia coli to antibiotics. | 2012 | 22533708 |
| [influence of standardized extract of epilobium angustifolium on estrogen receptor alpha and beta expression in in vivo model]. | evaluation of the influence of the standardized extract from the herb of epilobium angustifolium on eralpha and erbeta mrna expression in rat ventral prostate tissue and free serum estradiol level. | 2010 | 20873122 |
| chemical composition and in vitro antioxidant evaluation of commercial water-soluble willow herb (epilobium angustifolium l.) extracts. | five commercially available water-soluble extracts prepared from the aerial parts of epilobium angustifolium l. (onagraceae) were screened for antioxidant-related properties in a battery of six in vitro assays. total phenol content and qualitative-quantitative analyses were also carried out. the extracts demonstrated varying degrees of efficacy in each screen. two extracts, denoted as nonfermented and tver, were the most effective toward reducing iron(iii), scavenging 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydraz ... | 2006 | 19127734 |
| high-performance thin-layer chromatography method for quantitative determination of oenothein b and quercetin glucuronide in aqueous extract of epilobii angustifolii herba. | a method was developed for separation and quantitative determination of oenothein b (oeb) and quercetin glucuronide (qg) in aqueous extract of epilobii angustifolii herba by hptlc-densitometry. the analyses were performed on hptlc rp-18 wf(254) plates with 25% mecn in water (+50mm h(3)po(4)) as the mobile phase (distance of 8 cm) for oeb quantification and then with acetonitrile (distance of 4 cm) for qg quantification. oeb and qg were determined by densitometry at 270 and 350 nm, respectively. ... | 2007 | 17980376 |
| contribution to the knowledge of the veterinary science and of the ethnobotany in calabria region (southern italy). | a series of preliminary research projects on plants used in calabria (southern italy) in veterinary science and in other ethno-botanical fields (minor nourishment, domestic and handicraft sector) was carried out in the last twenty years. from the ethno-botanical point of view, calabria is one of the most interesting region, since in the ancient times it was subject to the dominant cultures of several people (greeks, romans, byzantines, arabs, normans etc.). until some decades ago the road networ ... | 2006 | 17156472 |
| new, rare and remarkable records of microfungi from the slovakian republic. | during an excursion to the slovakian republic (lower and upper tatra) of the botanical institute of the university of essen in 2004 we were able to collect about 150 species of microfungi as parasites or saprophytes on cultivated crops and wild plants. some of them are new for the entire world and a few of them are new for the slovakian republic, e.g: ramularia liliicola n. ale-agha, u. braun & g.b. feige on lilium martagon l.; septoria aegopodii desm. ex kickx. f. on aegopodium podagaria l.; pu ... | 2005 | 16637188 |
| elevated carbon dioxide increases nectar production in epilobium angustifolium l. | effects of elevated co2 and nutrient availability on nectar production and onset of flowering in five different seed families (genotypes) of epilobium angustifolium were investigated in a greenhouse experiment. elevated co2 significantly increased nectar production per day (+51%, p < 0.01), total sugar per flower (+41%, p < 0.05), amino acid concentration (+65%, p < 0.05) and total amino acids per flower (+192%, p < 0.001). all other parameters tested, i.e., nectar sugar concentration, proportio ... | 2005 | 16086093 |
| anti-proliferative effect on a prostatic epithelial cell line (pz-hpv-7) by epilobium angustifolium l. | symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (bph) is a common condition in elderly men and has a significant impact on their daily lives. the drugs prescribed for treatment include alpha1-blockers, 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors and plant preparations. epilobium angustifolium l. is deemed to be helpful in bph therapy, although there is less information regarding the mechanism of its biological activity. the present study evaluated the effect of e. angustifolium extract on human prostatic epithelial c ... | 2001 | 11482783 |
| compounds from epilobium angustifolium inhibit the specific metallopeptidases ace, nep and apn. | willow herb (epilobium angustifolium l.) extracts showed inhibitory activity against the metallopeptidases: neutral endopeptidase (nep), angiotensin-converting enzyme (ace), and aminopeptidase n (apn). a bioassay-guided fractionation led to the isolation of several flavonoids and phenolic acids and an ellagitannin. the dimeric macrocyclic ellagitannin oenothein b inhibited the neutral endopeptidases in a dose-dependent manner with ic50 = 20 microm. other polyphenols showed weaker activity but th ... | 2004 | 15490319 |
| lentinellus herbarum, a rediscovered unclamped species. | the fungus first described as lentinus flabelliformis var. herbarum has been found fruiting on dead epilobium angustifolium stalks at la chaise-dieu (france), the first record since its original diagnosis. the basidiospore characters, trama and hymenium structure indicate the species belongs lentinellus sect. omphalodei (hericiales), but the absence of clamps is a remarkable character, new for this genus. the new combination l. herbarum comb. nov. (syn. lentinus flabelliformis var. herbarum) is ... | 2003 | 12951802 |
| anti-inflammatory effects of a substance extracted from epilobium angustifolium. | | 1988 | 3354371 |
| the effect of protandry on siring success in chamerion angustifolium (onagraceae) with different inflorescence sizes. | protandry, a form of temporal separation of gender within hermaphroditic flowers, may reduce the magnitude of pollen lost to selfing (pollen discounting) and also serve to enhance pollen export and outcross siring success. because pollen discounting is strongest when selfing occurs between flowers on the same plant, the advantage of protandry may be greatest in plants with large floral displays. we tested this hypothesis with enclosed, artificial populations of chamerion angustifolium (onagracea ... | 2003 | 12683521 |
| [isolation of the antiphlogistic principle from epilobium angustifolium]. | from the leaves of epilobium angustifolium l. (onagraceae) an antiphlogistic principle was isolated and identified as myricetin 3-o-beta-d-glucuronide. this novel flavonoid exhibited a very strong anti-inflammatory effect on carrageenan-induced edema in the rat hind paw (more than ten times more effective than indomethacin) and an inhibitory effect on prostaglandin biosynthesis (as effective as indomethacin). | 1991 | 1775578 |
| epilobium angustifolium extract demonstrates multiple effects on dermal fibroblasts in vitro and skin photo-protection in vivo. | stress-induced fibroblast senescence is thought to contribute to skin aging. ultraviolet light (uv) radiation is the most potent environmental risk factor in these processes. an epilobium angustifolium (ea) extract was evaluated for its capacity to reverse the senescent response of normal human dermal fibroblasts (nhdf) in vitro and to exhibit skin photo-protection in vivo. the hplc-uv-ms analysis of the ea preparation identified three major polyphenol groups: tannins (oenothein b), phenolic aci ... | 2013 | 23817638 |
| folkloric treatment of tinea capitis with epilobium angustifolium. | | 2001 | 11711979 |
| flavonoids of willow herb (chamerion angustifolium (l.) holub) and their radical scavenging activity during vegetation. | willow herb has been traditionally used in folk medicine and currently it is a potential raw material for production of phytopharmaceuticals. the aim of this work was to determine the highest amount of flavonoids and the highest radical scavenging activity of willow herb, which was collected in different vegetation phases (intensive growing, bud, massive blooming, ripening of fruits (seeds) and the end of vegetation) and in different parts of the plant (blooms, leaves and stems). | 2014 | 24797990 |
| effect of epilobium angustifolium and serenoa repens extracts on regulation of non-genomic signaling pathway of kinases. | changes of kinase activity of non-genomic cellular signaling pathway may influence the effectiveness of pharmacotherapy in case of hormone-dependent tumors. our study investigated a possible interaction at the molecular level between an aqueous herbal extract of epilobium angustifolium as well as a lipid-sterolic fruit extract of serenoa repens and synthetic drugs used in the treatment of hormone-dependent cancers. | 2014 | 24834705 |
| drought stress, plant water status, and floral trait expression in fireweed, epilobium angustifolium (onagraceae). | in a controlled environment, we artificially induced drought during flowering of epilobium angustifolium, an animal-pollinated plant. leaf water potential (ψ(l)) and floral traits were monitored over a 12-d period of soil moisture depletion. soil moisture depletion induced drought stress over time, as revealed by significant treatment × day interactions for predawn and midday ψ(l). nectar volume and flower size showed significant negative responses to drought stress, but nectar sugar concentrati ... | 2001 | 11250821 |
| climatic niche differences between diploid and tetraploid cytotypes of chamerion angustifolium (onagraceae). | polyploidy-the possession of more than two copies of each chromosome in the nucleus-is common in flowering plants. polyploid plants can occupy different geographic ranges than their diploid progenitors, but the factors responsible for maintaining these range differences are poorly understood. polyploidy can have significant physiological consequences, and the present study aims to determine whether previously described physiological differences between cytotypes are correlated with climatic nich ... | 2014 | 25366852 |
| [phytochemical and antimicrobial investigation of epilobium angustifolium l]. | phytochemical studies of epilobium angustifolii herba aimed the determination of the active ingredients; antimicrobial activity of the aqueous and ethanolic extracts against human pathogenic bacteria and fungi was also examined. six flavonoid and 4 phytosterol fractions were identified by thin layer chromatography, while tannins were present in low concentration. it has been shown that not only the ethanolic but also the aqueous extracts had inhibitory effect on certain pathogenic microorganisms ... | 2014 | 25470977 |
| [phytochemical and antimicrobial investigation of epilobium angustifolium l]. | phytochemical studies of epilobium angustifolii herba aimed the determination of the active ingredients; antimicrobial activity of the aqueous and ethanolic extracts against human pathogenic bacteria and fungi was also examined. six flavonoid and 4 phytosterol fractions were identified by thin layer chromatography, while tannins were present in low concentration. it has been shown that not only the ethanolic but also the aqueous extracts had inhibitory effect on certain pathogenic microorganisms ... | 2014 | 25508604 |
| evaluation of phytochemical composition of fresh and dried raw material of introduced chamerion angustifolium l. using chromatographic, spectrophotometric and chemometric techniques. | due to the wide spectrum of biological activities, chamerion angustifolium l. as medicinal plant is used for the production of food supplements. however, it should be kept in mind that quality (biological activity) of the herb depends on its geographic origin, the way of raw material preparation or extraction and chemotype. the purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the compositions of volatile, non-volatile compounds and antioxidant activities of c. angustifolium grown in kaunas bota ... | 2015 | 25725961 |
| content of phenolic compounds in wild populations of epilobium angustifolium growing at different altitudes. | flavonoids are regarded as essential ingredients for the anti-inflammatory activity of epilobium angustifolium l. (onagraceae). the metabolic profiles of medicinal plants vary aside from genetic determination due to the influence by external factors. | 2015 | 25856698 |
| screening of antioxidant activity and volatile compounds composition of chamerion angustifolium (l.) holub ecotypes grown in lithuania. | since biological activity of medicinal plants is dependent on cultivation area, climatic conditions, developmental stage, genetic modifications and other factors, it is important to study flora present in different growing sites and geographical zones. this study was focused on screening of antioxidant activity of c. angustifolium harvested in six different locations in lithuania. the total contents of phenolic compounds, flavonoids and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (dpph) radical scavenging act ... | 2016 | 26222982 |
| extracts from epilobium sp. herbs induce apoptosis in human hormone-dependent prostate cancer cells by activating the mitochondrial pathway. | the aim of this work was to determine the effect of standardized aqueous extracts from epilobium angustifolium l., e. parviflorum schreb. and e. hirsutum l. herbs on the apoptosis of hormone-dependent prostate cancer cells (lncap). | 2013 | 23738732 |
| adaptation of diploid and tetraploid chamerion angustifolium to elevation but not local environment. | polyploid organisms often have different geographic ranges than their diploid relatives. however, it is unclear whether this divergence is maintained by adaptation or results from historical differences in colonization. here, we conducted a reciprocal transplant experiment with diploid and autotetraploid chamerion angustifolium to test for adaptation at the ploidy and population level. in the rocky mountains, pure diploid populations occur at high elevations and pure autotetraploid populations o ... | 2013 | 23730769 |
| cytotype coexistence leads to triploid hybrid production in a diploid-tetraploid contact zone of chamerion angustifolium (onagraceae). | | 2013 | 23629844 |
| extracts from epilobium sp. herbs, their components and gut microbiota metabolites of epilobium ellagitannins, urolithins, inhibit hormone-dependent prostate cancer cells-(lncap) proliferation and psa secretion. | extracts from epilobium sp. herbs have been traditionally used in the treatment of prostate-associated ailments. our studies demonstrated that the extracts from epilobium angustifolium, epilobium parviflorum and epilobium hirsutum herbs are potent prostate cancer cells (lncap) proliferation inhibitors with ic50 values around 35 µg/ml. the tested extracts reduced prostate specific antigen (psa) secretion (from 325.6 ± 25.3 ng/ml to ~90 ng/ml) and inhibited arginase activity (from 65.2 ± 1.1 munit ... | 2013 | 23436427 |
| the association between polyploidy and clonal reproduction in diploid and tetraploid chamerion angustifolium. | clonal reproduction is associated with the incidence of polyploidy in flowering plants. this pattern may arise through selection for increased clonality in polyploids compared to diploids to reduce mixed-ploidy mating. here, we test whether clonal reproduction is greater in tetraploid than diploid populations of the mixed-ploidy plant, chamerion angustifolium, through an analysis of the size and spatial distribution of clones in natural populations using aflp genotyping and a comparison of root ... | 2013 | 23432094 |
| whole genome duplication affects evolvability of flowering time in an autotetraploid plant. | whole genome duplications have occurred recurrently throughout the evolutionary history of eukaryotes. the resulting genetic and phenotypic changes can influence physiological and ecological responses to the environment; however, the impact of genome copy number on evolvability has rarely been examined experimentally. here, we evaluate the effect of genome duplication on the ability to respond to selection for early flowering time in lines drawn from naturally occurring diploid and autotetraploi ... | 2012 | 23028620 |
| vegetational variation of phenolic compounds in epilobium angustifolium. | epilobium angustifolium l. herbs are used in ethnomedicine to treat benign prostate hyperplasia. the aim of the study was to investigate the phenolic contents in distinct e. angustifolium organs during the whole vegetational period from may to october. the plants were obtained from a remote habitat in estonia and spectrophotometrically analysed for the total polyphenol, tannin, and flavonoid contents. the total polyphenol content was the highest in roots (85 mg g(-1)) and stems (67 mg g(-1)) in ... | 2012 | 22149976 |
| effect of recurrent selfing on inbreeding depression and mating system evolution in an autopolyploid plant. | genome duplication resulting in polyploidy can have significant consequences for the evolution of mating systems. most theory predicts that self-fertilization will be selectively favored in polyploids; however, many autopolyploids are outcrossing or mixed-mating. here, we examine the hypothesis that the evolution of selfing is restricted in autopolyploids because the genetic cost of selfing (i.e., inbreeding depression) increases monotonically with successive generations of inbreeding. using the ... | 2011 | 21729058 |
| genome duplication and the evolution of conspecific pollen precedence. | conspecific pollen precedence can be a strong reproductive barrier between polyploid and diploid species, but the role of genome multiplication in the evolution of this barrier has not been investigated. here, we examine the direct effect of genome duplication on the evolution of pollen siring success in tetraploid chamerion angustifolium. to separate the effects of genome duplication from selection after duplication, we compared pollen siring success of synthesized tetraploids (neotetraploids) ... | 2011 | 21123263 |
| immunomodulatory activity of oenothein b isolated from epilobium angustifolium. | epilobium angustifolium has been traditionally used to treat of a number of diseases; however, not much is known regarding its effect on innate immune cells. in this study, we report that extracts of e. angustifolium activated functional responses in neutrophils and monocyte/macrophages. activity-guided fractionation, followed by mass spectroscopy and nmr analysis, resulted in the identification of oenothein b as the primary component responsible for phagocyte activation. oenothein b, a dimeric ... | 2009 | 19846877 |
| genome duplication and the evolution of physiological responses to water stress. | whole-genome multiplication, or polyploidy, is common in angiosperms and many species consist of multiple cytotypes that have different physiological tolerances. however, the relative importance of genome duplication vs post-duplication evolutionary change in causing differentiation between cytotypes is not known. we examined the water relations of chamerion angustifolium, a herbaceous perennial in which diploid and tetraploid cytotypes occupy different niches. to differentiate between the effec ... | 2009 | 19703115 |
| effect of epilobium angustifolium l. extracts and polyphenols on cell proliferation and neutral endopeptidase activity in selected cell lines. | the ability of epilobium extracts and polyphenols to induce neutral endopeptidase (nep) activity and to inhibit the proliferation in cell lines with high nep expression (sk-n-sh) and with low nep expression (pc-3) was investigated. epilobium extracts enhanced in a dose-depend manner nep activity in both cell lines with additional inhibition of cell proliferation. the sensitivity of cells depended on basal enzyme activity. sk-n-sk cells were much more sensitive than pc-3 cells. oenothein b enhanc ... | 2006 | 16454210 |
| responses to selection on male-phase duration in chamerion angustifolium. | protandry (when male function precedes female) can enhance fitness by reducing selfing and increasing pollen export and outcrossed siring success. however, responses to selection on protandry may be constrained by genetic variation and correlations among floral traits. we examined these potential constraints in protandrous chamerion angustifolium (onagraceae) by estimating genetic variation in male-phase duration and associated floral traits using a paternal half-sib design and selection experim ... | 2005 | 16033578 |
| seasonal changes in pollen-packaging schedules in the protandrous plant chamerion angustifolium. | the rate at which pollen is presented varies widely both among and within species of flowering plants. although several studies have tried to explain between-species variation in this trait, few explanations exist for the variation that exists among individuals of the same species. i used protandrous fireweed, chamerion angustifolium (onagraceae), to examine seasonal changes in pollinator visitation, population sex ratio, and pollen presentation schedules. most studies that make predictions abou ... | 2003 | 12698343 |
| antimicrobial activity of epilobium spp. extracts. | the antimicrobial activity of the epilobium angustifolium, e. hirsutum, e. palustre, e. tetragonum and e. rosmarinifolium ethanolic extracts was studied in vitro on gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, yeasts and fungi. the cytotoxicity of the extracts was also evaluated using the artemia salina test. all the extracts showed antimicrobial activity in a range of concentrations between 10 and 650 microgml of dry extract. e. angustifolium and e. rosmarinifolium had the most broad spectrum of a ... | 2003 | 11482755 |
| analgesic properties of epilobium angustifolium, evaluated by the hot plate test and the writhing test. | the analgesic properties of epilobium angustifolium (ea), a plant containing flavonoids with anti-inflammatory activity, have not been sufficiently studied so far. thus, we decided to evaluate, by the classical hot plate test and the writhing test, the analgesic effect of a dry extract of ea obtained by evaporating a commercially available mother tincture. in the former assay, the effect of ea (380 mg/kg) was slightly lower than that of morphine (10 mg/kg s.c.). in the writhing test, which is mo ... | 2015 | 11482754 |
| bioindication of heavy metals with aquatic macrophytes: the case of a stream polluted with power plant sewages in poland. | the kozi brod (left tributary of the biala przemsza, east of katowice) flows in a highly industrial coal-mining area dominated by the power plant of siersza. concentrations of the microelements nickel (ni), chromium (cr), cobalt (co), zinc (zn), manganese (mn), lead (pb), cadmium (cd), copper (cu), barium (ba), aluminum (al), vanadium (v), and strontium (sr), as well as the macronutrients nitrogen (n), phosphorus (p), potassium (k), calcium (ca), magnesium (mg), iron (fe), and sulfur (s), were m ... | 2001 | 11205536 |
| fitness differences among diploids, tetraploids, and their triploid progeny in chamerion angustifolium: mechanisms of inviability and implications for polyploid evolution. | theoretical models indicate that the evolution of tetraploids in diploid populations will depend on both the relative fitness of the tetraploid and that of the diploid-tetraploid hybrids. hybrids are believed to have lower fitness due to imbalances in either the ploidy (endosperm imbalance) or the ratio of maternal to paternal genomes in their endosperm (genomic imprinting). in this study we created diploids, tetraploids, and hybrid triploids of chamerion angustifolium from crosses between field ... | 2000 | 11005287 |
| cytotype distribution at a diploid-tetraploid contact zone in chamerion (epilobium) angustifolium (onagraceae). | in north america, the geographic distributions of diploid and tetraploid chamerion (formerly epilobium) angustifolium overlap in a narrow zone along the southern border of the boreal forest and along the rocky mountains. we examined the frequency and distribution of diploid and tetraploid cytotypes in a narrow (5 km) zone of sympatry across an elevational gradient and in putatively uniform diploid and tetraploid reference populations on the beartooth pass, in the rocky mountains of southern mont ... | 1998 | 21719413 |
| nitrogen storage forms in nine boreal understorey plant species. | storage forms of n were studied in below-ground structures of nine boreal forest understorey plants. the ericaceous shrubs vacciniumvitis-idaea and v.myrtillus, the fern gymnocarpium dryopteris, the grass deschampsia flexuosa, and the herbs epilobium angustifolium, maianthemum bifolium, solidago virgaurea, geranium sylvaticum and trientalis europaea were sampled in early summer and late autumn from plots fertilised with a complete mixture of nutrients and from non-fertilised control plots. conce ... | 1997 | 28307239 |
| impacts of logging and wildfire on an upland black spruce community in northwestern ontario. | plant species composition and community structure were compared among four sites in an upland black spruce community in northwestern ontario. one site had remained undisturbed since the 1930s and three had been disturbed by either logging, fire, or both logging and fire. canonical correspondence ordination analyses indicated that herbaceous species composition and abundance differed among the disturbance types while differences in the shrub and tree strata were less pronounced. in the herb strat ... | 1996 | 24198011 |
| bumblebee preference for symmetrical flowers. | fluctuating asymmetry, which represents small random deviations from otherwise bilateral symmetry, is a measure of the phenotypic quality of individuals indicating the ability of controlled development under given environmental and genetic conditions. i tested whether floral symmetry reliably reflects phenotypic quality measured in terms of pollinator rewards and whether pollinators respond to floral symmetry in a series of observations and experiments on epilobium angustifolium (onagraceae). lo ... | 1995 | 11607519 |
| the effects of natural enemies, competition, and host plant water availability on an aphid population. | i used a factorial experiment repeated in two years to assess the relative effects of natural enemy attack, interspecific competition, and water availability to the host plant, and of interactions among these factors, on the population dynamics of the aphid aphis varians feeding on fireweed (epilobium angustifolium). the impact of a suite of coccinellid and syrphid predators emerged as the predominant factor affecting the success of aphid colonies: colonies protected from natural enemies grew in ... | 1992 | 28313522 |
| reproductive success, spontaneous embryo abortion, and genetic load in flowering plants. | reproductive success is divided into two phases: preemergent (the number of viable seeds that enter the ambient environment) and postemergent (the percentage of progeny that survive to reproduce). we studied preemergent reproductive success (pers) in flowering plants by measuring the fruit/flower (fr/fl) ratio and the seed/ovule (s/o) ratio in a number of species of outcrossing and inbreeding plants, where pers=the product of (fr/fl) and (s/o). in order to determine the influence of the ambient ... | 1987 | 28312218 |
| nectar production of epilobium angustifolium l. at different air humidities; nectar sugar in individual flowers and the optimal foraging theory. | the nectar production of epilobium angustifolium l. was investigated at 20°c and 50%, 78% and 94% ambient humidity in the climatic test chamber. by means of permanent pipettes, freshly produced nectar was sucked off immediately after secretion, and nectar samples were also taken at 10-h and 48-h intervals to investigate the postsecretory influence of ambient humidity. volume and sugar concentration of samples from individual flowers were measured and the sugar contained was calculated. the rate ... | 1983 | 25024144 |
| [on the tranquilizing action of epilobium angustifolium]. | | 2013 | 5987485 |
| pollen competition as a unilateral reproductive barrier between sympatric diploid and tetraploid chamerion angustifolium. | speciation requires the evolution of barriers to gene exchange between descendant and progenitor populations. cryptic reproductive barriers in plants arise after pollination but before fertilization as a result of pollen competition and interactions between male gametophytes and female reproductive tissues. we tested for such gametic isolation between the polyploid chamerion angustifolium and its diploid progenitor by conducting single (diploid or tetraploid) and mixed ploidy (1 : 1 diploid and ... | 2002 | 12573071 |
| fecundity and offspring ploidy in matings among diploid, triploid and tetraploid chamerion angustifolium (onagraceae): consequences for tetraploid establishment. | models of polyploid evolution indicate that tetraploids are more likely to establish within diploid populations when they are formed recurrently through the union of unreduced (n=2n) gametes. to account for the coexistence of diploids and tetraploids in populations of chamerion angustifolium, diploid, triploid and tetraploid plants were crossed in all possible combinations and fecundity and ploidy using flow cytometry of the resulting progeny were measured. combined with previous data on cytotyp ... | 2001 | 11869348 |