| development of molecular methods for identification of schizophyllum commune from clinical samples. | in the last 50 years, to our knowledge, only 16 cases of diseases caused by schizophyllum commune in humans have been reported. within only 6 months, we found four isolates of this basidiomycetous fungus, obtained from patients suffering from chronic sinusitis. the cultures of the isolated fungi showed neither clamp connections nor fruiting bodies (basidiocarps), which are distinctive features for s. commune, but fast-growing cottony white mycelium only. this was harvested, and dna was extracted ... | 2001 | 11427544 |
| leaf gas exchange performance and the lethal water potential of five european species during drought. | establishing physiological thresholds to drought-induced mortality in a range of plant species is crucial in understanding how plants respond to severe drought. here, five common european tree species were selected (acer campestre l., acer pseudoplatanus l., carpinus betulus l., corylus avellana l. and fraxinus excelsior l.) to study their hydraulic thresholds to mortality. photosynthetic parameters during desiccation and the recovery of leaf gas exchange after rewatering were measured. stem vul ... | 2016 | 26614785 |
| range of phytoplasma concentrations in various plant hosts as determined by competitive polymerase chain reaction. | abstract for competitive polymerase chain reaction (pcr), an internal standard dna template was developed that consisted of a highly conserved, internally deleted 16s rdna fragment of an aster yellows phytoplasma. the internal standard was calibrated using a quantified culture of acholeplasma laidlawii. serial dilutions of the internal standard and fixed amounts of target templates from infected plants were coamplified with the same primers, and the products obtained were quantified using an enz ... | 2000 | 18944479 |
| evidence from population genetics that the ectomycorrhizal basidiomycete laccaria amethystina is an actual multihost symbiont. | it is commonly assumed that ectomycorrhizal (ecm) fungi associated with temperate forest tree roots are not host-specific. because this assumption relies on species delineations based on fruitbodies morphology or ribosomal dna sequences, host-specific, cryptic biological species cannot be ruled out. to demonstrate that laccaria amethystina has true generalist abilities, we sampled 510 fruitbodies on three french sites situated 150-450 km away from each other. at each site, populations from monos ... | 2008 | 18489549 |
| acarological diagnostic research at the diagnostic centre for plants during the period 2004-2006. | during the period 2004-2006, 1691 samples of different origin were examined at the diagnostic centre for plants. we received 1046 samples of imported plant material for detection and identification of quarantine organisms. more than 200 samples were checked on mites and insects to get a phytosanitary certificate for export and 391 samples were investigated for diagnostic reason. the berlese-funnel and dissecting microscopy technique were used to separate mites from the samples. for identificatio ... | 2007 | 18399474 |
| tree species effects on decomposition and forest floor dynamics in a common garden. | we studied the effects of tree species on leaf litter decomposition and forest floor dynamics in a common garden experiment of 14 tree species (abies alba, acer platanoides, acer pseudoplatanus, betula pendula, carpinus betulus, fagus sylvatica, larix decidua, picea abies, pinus nigra, pinus sylvestris, pseudotsuga menziesii, quercus robur, quercus rubra, and tilia cordata) in southwestern poland. we used three simultaneous litter bag experiments to tease apart species effects on decomposition v ... | 2006 | 16995629 |
| spatial variation in springtime food resources influences the winter body mass of roe deer fawns. | it is well established that the dynamics of mammalian populations vary in time, in relation to density and weather, and often in interaction with phenotypic differences (sex, age and social status). habitat quality has recently been identified as another significant source of individual variability in vital rates of deer, including roe deer where spatial variations in fawn body mass were found to be only about a tenth of temporal variations. the approach used was to classify the habitat into blo ... | 2003 | 12920639 |
| structural analysis of n-glycans from allergenic grass, ragweed and tree pollens: core alpha1,3-linked fucose and xylose present in all pollens examined. | the n-glycans from soluble extracts of ten pollens were examined. the pyridylaminated oligosaccharides derived from these sources were subject to gel filtration and reverse-phase hplc, in conjunction with exoglycosidase digests, and in some cases matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionisation mass spectrometry. in comparison to known structures, it was possible to determine the major structures of the n-glycans derived from kentucky blue grass (poa pratensis), rye (secale cerale), ryegrass (lolium ... | 1998 | 10386890 |
| quantification in mass units of bet v 1, the main allergen of betula verrucosa pollen, by a monoclonal antibody based-elisa. | fagales pollens are considered among the main agents responsible for allergic diseases in many countries of the northern hemisphere and single major allergens have been shown to be responsible for these responses. | 1997 | 9291291 |
| homology of the major birch-pollen allergen, bet v i, with the major pollen allergens of alder, hazel, and hornbeam at the nucleic acid level as determined by cross-hybridization. | to investigate the relationship of the major allergens of birch (bet v i), alder (aln g i), hazel (cor a i), and hornbeam (car b i) at the nucleic acid level, a cdna clone coding for the complete bet v i protein was used for northern and southern blot experiments. rnas were isolated from pollen of birch (betula verrucosa), alder (alnus glutinosa), hazel (corylus avellana), and hornbeam (carpinus betulus). hybridization was performed at different stringencies. at high stringency, comparable bindi ... | 1991 | 2005320 |
| the nh2-terminal amino acid sequence of the immunochemically partial identical major allergens of alder (alnus glutinosa) aln g i, birch (betula verrucosa) bet v i, hornbeam (carpinus betulus) car b i and oak (quercus alba) que a i pollens. | the tree pollen major allergens (aln g i), bet v i, car b i and que a i, were purified to near homogeneity. rabbit antibodies raised towards the major allergen bet v i react with the major allergens of alder, hazel, hornbeam and oak, although with distinct variation in affinity. immunochemically the major allergens seem to resemble one another more within than between the botanically established families of the fagale order. the physico-chemical parameters (molecular weight, pi values, amino aci ... | 1991 | 1961201 |
| pcr based cloning and sequencing of isogenes encoding the tree pollen major allergen car b i from carpinus betulus, hornbeam. | cloning of the gene encoding the major allergen, car b i, from carpinus betulus (hornbeam) pollen was performed using the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) to specifically amplify the gene of interest using single stranded cdna as template. specific primers, deduced from the aminoterminal sequence of the purified protein, were tailored to facilitate direct expression of plasmic clones, and the large fraction of positive clones obtained, revealed the presence of isogenic variation. three clones wer ... | 1992 | 1603091 |
| tree litter and forest understorey vegetation: a conceptual framework to understand the effects of tree litter on a perennial geophyte, anemone nemorosa. | litter is a key factor in structuring plant populations, through positive or negative interactions. the litter layer forms a mechanical barrier that is often strongly selective against individuals lacking hypocotyle plasticity. litter composition also interacts with plant growth by providing beneficial nutrients or, inversely, by allowing harmful allelopathic leaching. as conspicuous litter fall accumulation is often observed under deciduous forests, interactions between tree litter and understo ... | 2012 | 22419760 |
| leaf litter decomposition in temperate deciduous forest stands with a decreasing fraction of beech (fagus sylvatica). | we hypothesised that the decomposition rates of leaf litter will increase along a gradient of decreasing fraction of the european beech (fagus sylvatica) and increasing tree species diversity in the generally beech-dominated central european temperate deciduous forests due to an increase in litter quality. we studied the decomposition of leaf litter including its lignin fraction in monospecific (pure beech) stands and in stands with up to five tree genera (acer spp., carpinus betulus, fagus sylv ... | 2010 | 20596729 |
| using sex pheromone and a multi-scale approach to predict the distribution of a rare saproxylic beetle. | the european red click beetle, elater ferrugineus l., is associated with wood mould in old hollow deciduous trees. as a result of severe habitat fragmentation caused by human disturbance, it is threatened throughout its distribution range. a new pheromone-based survey method, which is very efficient in detecting the species, was used in the present study to relate the occurrence of e. ferrugineus to the density of deciduous trees. the latter data were from a recently completed regional survey in ... | 2013 | 23840415 |
| models to predict the start of the airborne pollen season. | aerobiological data can be used as indirect but reliable measures of flowering phenology to analyze the response of plant species to ongoing climate changes. the aims of this study are to evaluate the performance of several phenological models for predicting the pollen start of season (pss) in seven spring-flowering trees (alnus glutinosa, acer negundo, carpinus betulus, platanus occidentalis, juglans nigra, alnus viridis, and castanea sativa) and in two summer-flowering herbaceous species (arte ... | 2015 | 25234751 |
| planting sentinel european trees in eastern asia as a novel method to identify potential insect pest invaders. | quarantine measures to prevent insect invasions tend to focus on well-known pests but a large proportion of the recent invaders were not known to cause significant damage in their native range, or were not even known to science before their introduction. a novel method is proposed to detect new potential pests of woody plants in their region of origin before they are introduced to a new continent. since asia is currently considered to be the main supplier of insect invaders to europe, sentinel t ... | 2015 | 25993342 |
| cryphonectria parasitica, the causal agent of chestnut blight: invasion history, population biology and disease control. | chestnut blight, caused by cryphonectria parasitica, is a devastating disease infecting american and european chestnut trees. the pathogen is native to east asia and was spread to other continents via infected chestnut plants. this review summarizes the current state of research on this pathogen with a special emphasis on its interaction with a hyperparasitic mycovirus that acts as a biological control agent of chestnut blight. taxonomy: cryphonectria parasitica (murr.) barr. is a sordariomycete ... | 2017 | 28142223 |
| host preferences and differential contributions of deciduous tree species shape mycorrhizal species richness in a mixed central european forest. | mycorrhizal species richness and host ranges were investigated in mixed deciduous stands composed of fagus sylvatica, tilia spp., carpinus betulus, acer spp., and fraxinus excelsior. acer and fraxinus were colonized by arbuscular mycorrhizas and contributed 5% to total stand mycorrhizal fungal species richness. tilia hosted similar and carpinus half the number of ectomycorrhizal (em) fungal taxa compared with fagus (75 putative taxa). the relative abundance of the host tree the em fungal richnes ... | 2010 | 20886243 |
| survey of microfungi in the landschaftspark duisburg-nord (germany). | during an excursion in the landschaftspark duisburg-nord in 2009 and 2010 we were able to collect and identify more than 100 specimens of microfungi on different parts of cultivated and wild plant species. we found parasitic and saprophytic microfungi on trees, bushes and herbaceous plants. some of them have been observed only rarely until now. most of the collected microfungi species belong to the classes of ascomycetes, basidiomycetes and deuteromycetes - for example leptosphaeria modesta (des ... | 2011 | 22702187 |
| fungal planet description sheets: 92-106. | novel species of microfungi described in the present study include the following from australia: diaporthe ceratozamiae on ceratozamia robusta, seiridium banksiae on banksia marginata, phyllosticta hymenocallidicola on hymenocallis littoralis, phlogicylindrium uniforme on eucalyptus cypellocarpa, exosporium livistonae on livistona benthamii and coleophoma eucalyptorum on eucalyptus piperita. several species are also described from south africa, namely: phoma proteae, pyrenochaeta protearum and l ... | 2011 | 22403481 |
| potential anticancer activity of young carpinus betulus leaves. | as part of our continuing research for anticancer compounds from the walloon region forest, etoac extract from carpinus betulus leaves was phytochemically studied, leading to the bioguided isolation of pheophorbide a, which is responsible of anticancer properties of c. betulus young leaves. this compound was identified using nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrophotometric data and comparison with a commercial standard. evaluation of the growth inhibitory activities of pheophorbide a using ... | 2011 | 22014503 |
| fine root decomposition rates do not mirror those of leaf litter among temperate tree species. | elucidating the function of and patterns among plant traits above ground has been a major research focus, while the patterns and functioning of belowground traits remain less well understood. even less well known is whether species differences in leaf traits and their associated biogeochemical effects are mirrored by differences in root traits and their effects. we studied fine root decomposition and n dynamics in a common garden study of 11 temperate european and north american tree species (ab ... | 2010 | 19882174 |
| in vitro anticancer potential of tree extracts from the walloon region forest. | forty-eight extracts from 16 common belgian trees from the walloon region forest were evaluated for in vitro growth inhibitory activity against the human lovo colon cancer, pc3 prostate cancer, and u373 glioblastoma cell lines. our study was performed with the aim of selecting plant candidates in order to later isolate new anticancer compounds from an easily affordable tree material. extracts from alnus glutinosa (stem bark), carpinus betulus (leaves and stem bark), castanea sativa (stem bark), ... | 2009 | 19579185 |
| short-term dynamics of nonstructural carbohydrates and hemicelluloses in young branches of temperate forest trees during bud break. | nonstructural carbohydrates (nsc) are the most important c reserves in the tissues of deciduous and evergreen tree species. besides nsc, cell-wall hemicelluloses as the second most abundant polysaccharides in plants have often been discussed to serve as additional mobile carbon (c) reserves during periods of enhanced carbon-sink activities. to assess the significance of hemicelluloses as mobile carbon reserves, branches of two deciduous (carpinus betulus l. and fagus sylvatica l.) and two evergr ... | 2009 | 19457884 |
| interrelation between some butterflies and plant associations (turkey). | the butterfly fauna in ordu province (n-turkey) was determined in this study. their relations with the phytosociological associations found in the zone were evaluated and the lepidoptera taxa in these units were presented. the numbers of determined taxa in each plant association are castanea-carpinus-corylus (23), fagus orientalis, carpinus betulus and picea orientalis mixed forest zone (23), subalpine zone (rhododendron luteum-vaccinium myrtillus) (25), lower alpine zone (festuca lazistanica ss ... | 2007 | 19069995 |
| effects of atmospheric pollutants (co, o3, so2) on the allergenicity of betula pendula, ostrya carpinifolia, and carpinus betulus pollen. | pollen of betula pendula, ostrya carpinifolia, and carpinus betulus was exposed in vitro to relatively low levels of the air pollutants, namely carbon monoxide, ozone, and sulfur dioxide. the allergenicity of the exposed pollen was compared with that of non-exposed pollen samples to assess if air pollution exposition affects the allergenicity potential of pollen. the immunodetection assays indicated higher ige recognition by all sera of allergic patients to the pollen protein extracts in all exp ... | 2015 | 25055718 |
| effect of air pollutant no₂ on betula pendula, ostrya carpinifolia and carpinus betulus pollen fertility and human allergenicity. | pollen of betula pendula, ostrya carpinifolia and carpinus betulus was exposed in vitro to two levels of no2 (about 0.034 and 0.067 ppm) - both below current atmospheric hour-limit value acceptable for human health protection in europe (0.11 ppm for no2). experiments were performed under artificial solar light with temperature and relative humidity continuously monitored. the viability, germination and total soluble proteins of all the pollen samples exposed to no2 decreased significantly when c ... | 2014 | 24361564 |
| fungal planet description sheets: 469-557. | novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: australia: apiognomonia lasiopetali on lasiopetalum sp., blastacervulus eucalyptorum on eucalyptus adesmophloia, bullanockia australis (incl. bullanockia gen. nov.) on kingia australis, caliciopsis eucalypti on eucalyptus marginata, celerioriella petrophiles on petrophile teretifolia, coleophoma xanthosiae on xanthosia rotundifolia, coniothyrium hakeae on hakea sp., diatrypella banksiae on banksia for ... | 2016 | 28232766 |
| invasion by the alien tree prunus serotina alters ecosystem functions in a temperate deciduous forest. | alien invasive species can affect large areas, often with wide-ranging impacts on ecosystem structure, function, and services. prunus serotina is a widespread invader of european temperate forests, where it tends to form homogeneous stands and limits recruitment of indigenous trees. we hypotesized that invasion by p. serotina would be reflected in the nutrient contents of the native species' leaves and in the respiration of invaded plots as efficient resource uptake and changes in nutrient cycli ... | 2017 | 28261238 |
| new records of eriophyoid mites from iran (acari: trombidiformes: eriophyoidea) and a description of a new <i>brevulacus</i> manson species. | four species of eriophyoid mites are recorded from iran, of which three represent new records and the other is a new species. these species are: brevulacus salicinus n. sp. (diptilomiopidae), found on salix sp. (salicaceae); aceria wallichianae keifer, 1975 from ulmus minor (ulmaceae); aceria granulata carmona, 1972 from verbascum spp. (scrophulariaceae) and tegnacus unicornutus pye, 2012 from carpinus betulus (betulaceae). each of these species are illustrated and provided with data regarding t ... | 2017 | 28183112 |
| some remarks on "a taxonomic key for the genus saccharomyces" (vaughan martini and martini 1993). | the practicability of vaughan martini and martini's "taxonomic key for the genus saccharomyces" for the separation of s. bayanus from other saccharomyces sensu stricto species was studied. it was concluded that the ability to grow in vitamin free medium was not a suitable character for this purpose. a new wild s. bayanus strain, isolated from exudate of carpinus betulus was also included in this study. this appears to be the third documented strain of that species isolated outside of an artifici ... | 1996 | 8740905 |
| ultrastructure in leaves of fagus silvatica and carpinus betulus individuals tolerant and susceptible to so2 and heavy metal pollutants. | the ultrastructure characteristics of leaves during the development of cell organelles, in the "greening process" of spring, have been studied in pollutant-tolerant and susceptible individuals of beech (fagus silvatica) and hornbeam (carpinus betulus) in an area polluted with so2 (the main pollutant may reach 0.06-2.72 mg/m3), heavy metals, and other gases discharged by non-iron metal processing factories. leaves from tolerant beech and hornbeam individuals did not undergo ultrastructural change ... | 1988 | 3181068 |
| coordination between growth, phenology and carbon storage in three coexisting deciduous tree species in a temperate forest. | in deciduous trees growing in temperate forests, bud break and growth in spring must rely on intrinsic carbon (c) reserves. yet it is unclear whether growth and c storage occur simultaneously, and whether starch c in branches is sufficient for refoliation. to test in situ the relationships between growth, phenology and c utilization, we monitored stem growth, leaf phenology and stem and branch nonstructural carbohydrate (nsc) dynamics in three deciduous species: carpinus betulus l., fagus sylvat ... | 2016 | 27126226 |
| seasonal variation of pheophorbide a and flavonoid in different organs of two carpinus species and its correlation with immunosuppressive activity. | the genus carpinus of betulaceae is the most widely distributed in the european landscape. this study reports a comparative study based on the pheophorbide a and flavonoid content from the two main species of the genus carpinus, carpinus betulus and carpinus turczaninowii, respectively, in nanjing, china. the pheophorbide a and flavonoid content depends on the organ, species, and season. hplc analysis showed that the pheophorbide a and flavonoid levels were the highest in may and june, respectiv ... | 2016 | 27112162 |
| landscape variation in tree species richness in northern iran forests. | mapping landscape variation in tree species richness (sr) is essential to the long term management and conservation of forest ecosystems. the current study examines the prospect of mapping field assessments of sr in a high-elevation, deciduous forest in northern iran as a function of 16 biophysical variables representative of the area's unique physiography, including topography and coastal placement, biophysical environment, and forests. basic to this study is the development of moderate-resolut ... | 2015 | 25849029 |
| stilbosporaceae resurrected: generic reclassification and speciation. | following the abolishment of dual nomenclature, stilbospora is recognised as having priority over prosthecium. the type species of stilbospora, s. macrosperma, is the correct name for p. ellipsosporum, the type species of prosthecium. the closely related genus stegonsporium is maintained as distinct from stilbospora based on molecular phylogeny, morphology and host range. stilbospora longicornuta and s. orientalis are described as new species from carpinus betulus and c. orientalis, respectively ... | 2014 | 25737594 |
| modelling the mechanical behaviour of pit membranes in bordered pits with respect to cavitation resistance in angiosperms. | various correlations have been identified between anatomical features of bordered pits in angiosperm xylem and vulnerability to cavitation, suggesting that the mechanical behaviour of the pits may play a role. theoretical modelling of the membrane behaviour has been undertaken, but it requires input of parameters at the nanoscale level. however, to date, no experimental data have indicated clearly that pit membranes experience strain at high levels during cavitation events. | 2014 | 24918205 |
| tuber aestivum association with non-host roots. | mycorrhizal fungi provide direct and functional interconnection of soil environment with their host plant roots. colonization of non-host plants have occasionally been described, but its intensity and functional significance in complex plant communities remain generally unknown. here, the abundance of ectomycorrhizal fungus tuber aestivum was measured in the roots of host and non-host (non-ectomycorrhizal) plants in a naturally occurring t. aestivum colony using a quantitative pcr approach. the ... | 2014 | 24756631 |
| a comparative study of physiological and morphological seedling traits associated with shade tolerance in introduced red oak (quercus rubra) and native hardwood tree species in southwestern germany. | northern red oak (quercus rubra l.), a moderately shade-tolerant tree species, is failing to regenerate throughout its native north american range, while successful recruitment in central europe has been observed since its introduction. to examine whether comparative photosynthetic performance could explain the regeneration success of this non-native species in central europe, we compared the physiological and morphological seedling traits of red oak with three co-occurring tree species under th ... | 2014 | 24531297 |
| in vitro exposure of ostrya carpinifolia and carpinus betulus pollen to atmospheric levels of co, o3 and so 2. | ostrya spp. and carpinus spp. pollen was in vitro exposed to three atmospheric pollutants: co, o3 and so2. two levels of each pollutant were used, and the first level corresponds to a concentration about the atmospheric hour-limit value acceptable for human health protection in europe and the second level to about the triple of the first level. experiments were done under artificial solar light with temperature and relative humidity controlled. the viability of the exposed pollen samples showed ... | 2014 | 24046226 |
| stem water storage in five coexisting temperate broad-leaved tree species: significance, temporal dynamics and dependence on tree functional traits. | the functional role of internal water storage is increasingly well understood in tropical trees and conifers, while temperate broad-leaved trees have only rarely been studied. we examined the magnitude and dynamics of the use of stem water reserves for transpiration in five coexisting temperate broad-leaved trees with largely different morphology and physiology (genera fagus, fraxinus, tilia, carpinus and acer). we expected that differences in water storage patterns would mostly reflect species ... | 2013 | 23999137 |
| fruit production in three masting tree species does not rely on stored carbon reserves. | fruiting is typically considered to massively burden the seasonal carbon budget of trees. the cost of reproduction has therefore been suggested as a proximate factor explaining observed mast-fruiting patterns. here, we used a large-scale, continuous (13)c labeling of mature, deciduous trees in a temperate swiss forest to investigate to what extent fruit formation in three species with masting reproduction behavior (carpinus betulus, fagus sylvatica, quercus petraea) relies on the import of store ... | 2013 | 23306421 |
| differences between sympatric populations of eotetranychus carpini collected from vitis vinifera and carpinus betulus: insights from host-switch experiments and molecular data. | eotetranychus carpini (oudemans) is an important pest of grapevine (vitis vinifera l.) in southern europe. this mite is also found on a number of different plants, including carpinus betulus l., which commonly occurs in stands and hedgerows bordering vineyards, where it may serve as a potential mite reservoir. the economic importance of this pest has motivated a number of studies aimed at investigating whether the mites found on v. vinifera and c. betulus are conspecific. the results obtained to ... | 2012 | 22270111 |
| dorsi-ventral leaf reflectance properties of carpinus betulus l.: an indicator of urban habitat quality. | the objective of this paper is to give an account of the evaluation of the effect of urban habitat quality on dorsi-ventral leaf reflectance asymmetry to bio-monitor urban habitat pollution. reflectance in the rgb bands of a reflex camera is measured at the adaxial and abaxial sides of carpinus betulus l. leaves for two contrasting urban habitats, e.g.; suburban green and industrial habitats in the city of gent (belgium). abaxial leaf reflectance is consistently higher than adaxial leaf reflecta ... | 2012 | 22243882 |
| the importance of biotic factors in predicting global change effects on decomposition of temperate forest leaf litter. | increasing atmospheric co(2) and temperature are predicted to alter litter decomposition via changes in litter chemistry and environmental conditions. the extent to which these predictions are influenced by biotic factors such as litter species composition or decomposer activity, and in particular how these different factors interact, is not well understood. in a 5-week laboratory experiment we compared the decomposition of leaf litter from four temperate tree species (fagus sylvatica, quercus p ... | 2010 | 20033823 |
| new tuber species found in poland. | new information from a survey of truffles carried out in southern part of poland in september 2007 is presented. the fruit bodies of tuber aestivum, t. excavatum, t. rufum and one unidentified tuber sp. were found. the soil chemistry of the five t. aestivum sites was analysed. our inventory showed that t. aestivum prefers the mixed forest with host-trees such as: quercus robur, corylus avellana, carpinus betulus, fagus silvaticus and tilia cordata. selection of local inocula of t. aestivum for t ... | 2008 | 18414906 |
| 13c labelling reveals different contributions of photoassimilates from infructescences for fruiting in two temperate forest tree species. | the pathways of currently fixed carbon in fruit bearing branchlets were investigated in two temperate forest tree species (carpinus betulus and fagus sylvatica), which differ in texture of their vegetative infructescence tissues (leaf-like in carpinus vs. woody in fagus). during late spring, (13)c pulse-labelling was conducted on girdled, defoliated, girdled plus defoliated and untreated fruiting branchlets of mature trees in situ, to assess changes in c relations in response to the introduced c ... | 2006 | 16883486 |
| impact of short-term and long-term elevated co2 on emission of carbonyls from adult quercus petraea and carpinus betulus trees. | the study aimed to elucidate the effect of elevated co2 in short- and long-term experiments on the emission potential of carbonyls from mature oak (quercus petraea) and hornbeam (carpinus betulus). the trees were investigated using a canopy crane established in a mixed forest in switzerland. short-term co2 experiments were performed on single leaves with a gas exchange measuring unit by increasing co2 in the enclosure before and during the measurements. long-term co2 fumigation was performed for ... | 2006 | 16314012 |
| responses of deciduous forest trees to severe drought in central europe. | in 2003, central europe experienced the warmest summer on record combined with unusually low precipitation. we studied plant water relations and phenology in a 100-year- old mixed deciduous forest on a slope (no ground water table) near basel using the swiss canopy crane (scc). the drought lasted from early june to mid september. we studied five deciduous tree species; half of the individuals were exposed to elevated co(2) concentration ([co(2)]) (530 ppm) using a free-air, atmospheric co(2)-enr ... | 2005 | 15805084 |
| european hornbeam. | | 2005 | 15702804 |
| alcoholism in cockchafers: orientation of male melolontha melolontha towards green leaf alcohols. | chemical orientation of the european cockchafer, melolontha melolontha l., a serious pest in agriculture and horticulture, was investigated by field tests and electrophysiological experiments using plant volatiles. in total, 16 typical plant volatiles were shown to elicit electrophysiological responses in male cockchafers. funnel trap field bioassays revealed that green leaf alcohols (i.e. (z)-3-hexen-1-ol, (e)-2-hexen-1-ol and 1-hexanol) attracted males, whereas the corresponding aldehydes and ... | 2002 | 12146792 |
| retention index database for identification of general green leaf volatiles in plants by coupled capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. | a series of ubiquitously occurring saturated and monounsaturated six-carbon aldehydes, alcohols and esters thereof is summarised as 'green leaf volatiles' (glvs). the present study gives a comprehensive data collection of retention indices of 35 glvs on commonly used non-polar db-5, mid-polar db-1701, and polar db-wax stationary phases. seventeen commercially not available compounds were synthesised. thus, the present study allows reliable identification of most known glv in natural plant volati ... | 2000 | 11009035 |
| reading the leaves' palm: leaf traits and herbivory along the microclimatic gradient of forest layers. | microclimate in different positions on a host plant has strong direct effects on herbivores. but little is known about indirect effects due to changes of leaf traits. we hypothesized that herbivory increases from upper canopy to lower canopy and understory due to a combination of direct and indirect pathways. furthermore, we hypothesized that herbivory in the understory differs between tree species in accordance with their leaf traits. we investigated herbivory by leaf chewing insects along the ... | 2017 | 28099483 |
| acclimation of leaf water status and stem hydraulics to drought and tree neighbourhood: alternative strategies among the saplings of five temperate deciduous tree species. | adjustment in leaf water status parameters and modification in xylem structure and functioning can be important elements of a tree's response to continued water limitation. in a growth trial with saplings of five co-occurring temperate broad-leaved tree species (genera fraxinus, acer, carpinus, tilia and fagus) conducted in moist or dry soil, we compared the drought acclimation in several leaf water status and stem hydraulic parameters. considering the extremes in the species responses, fraxinus ... | 2016 | 27881798 |
| hyperspectral leaf reflectance of carpinus betulus l. saplings for urban air quality estimation. | in urban areas, the demand for local assessment of air quality is high. the existing monitoring stations cannot fulfill the needs. this study assesses the potential of hyperspectral tree leaf reflectance for monitoring traffic related air pollution. hereto, 29 carpinus betulus saplings were exposed to an environment with either high or low traffic intensity. the local air quality was estimated by leaf saturation isothermal remanent magnetization (sirm). the vis-nir leaf reflectance spectrum (350 ... | 2017 | 27720547 |
| pyrolysis of hornbeam (carpinus betulus l.) sawdust: characterization of bio-oil and bio-char. | slow pyrolysis of hornbeam (carpinus betulus l.) sawdust was performed to produce bio-oil and bio-char. the operational variables were as follows: pyrolysis temperature (400-600°c), heating rate (10-50°cmin(-1)) and nitrogen flow rate (50-150cm(3)min(-1)). physicochemical and thermogravimetric characterizations of hornbeam sawdust were performed. the characteristics of bio-oil and bio-char were analyzed on the basis of various spectroscopic and chromatographic techniques such as ftir, gc-ms, 1h ... | 2016 | 27671342 |
| food, feeding rates and assimilation in woodland snails. | analyses of the faeces of seven species of woodland, litterdwelling snails (marpessa laminata, clausilia bidentata, oxychilus cellarius, o. alliarius, discus rotundatus, arianta arbustorum and hygromia striolata), showed that all feed predominently on higher plant material, be it living or dead. h. striolata and a. arbustorum took more chlorophyll-containing plant material than the other species, d. rotundatus had a significant amount of fungus in its faeces, while the faeces of o. cellarius and ... | 1970 | 28309717 |
| [enzyme activities in the sieve tube sap of robinia pseudoacacia l. and of other tree species]. | 1. electron microscopic studies of the sieve tube sap obtained from the secondary phloem of robinia pseudoacacia by the method of hartig (1860) showed the presence of well developed mitochondria in addition to membrane fragments. 2. in this sieve tube sap the following enzymes could be detected qualitatively: utp-glucose-1-phosphate-uridyl transferase, udpg-fructose glucosyl transferase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, hexokinase (for glucose and fructose), phosphohexose isomerase, phosphofru ... | 1971 | 24493458 |
| mast pulses shape trophic interactions between fluctuating rodent populations in a primeval forest. | how different functional responses of consumers exploiting pulsed resources affect community dynamics is an ongoing question in ecology. tree masting is a common resource pulse in terrestrial ecosystems that can drive rodent population cycles. using stable isotope (δ(13)c, δ(15)n) analyses, we investigated the dietary response of two fluctuating rodent species, the yellow-necked mouse apodemus flavicollis and the bank vole myodes glareolus, to mast events in białowieża forest (ne poland). rodent ... | 2012 | 23251475 |
| odor, gaseous and pm10 emissions from small scale combustion of wood types indigenous to central europe. | in this study, we investigated the emissions, including odor, from log wood stoves, burning wood types indigenous to mid-european countries such as austria, czech republic, hungary, slovak republic, slovenia, switzerland, as well as baden-württemberg and bavaria (germany) and south tyrol (italy). the investigations were performed with a modern, certified, 8 kw, manually fired log wood stove, and the results were compared to emissions from a modern 9 kw pellet stove. the examined wood types were ... | 2012 | 23471123 |
| characterization and transferability of microsatellite markers developed for carpinus betulus (betulaceae)(1). | carpinus betulus (betulaceae) is an octoploid, ecologically important, common tree species in european woodlands. we established 11 nuclear microsatellite loci allowing for detailed analyses of genetic diversity and structure. | 2015 | 26504678 |