| primmorphs from seven marine sponges: formation and structure. | primmorphs were obtained from seven different marine sponges: stylissa massa, suberites domuncula, pseudosuberites aff. andrewsi, geodia cydonium, axinella polypoides, halichondria panicea and haliclona oculata. the formation process and the ultra structure of primmorphs were studied. a positive correlation was found between the initial sponge-cell concentration and the size of the primmorphs. by scanning electron microscopy (sem) it was observed that the primmorphs are very densely packed spher ... | 2003 | 12423907 |
| minor and trace sterols in marine invertebrates 47. a re-investigation of the 19-nor stanols isolated from the sponge axinella polypoides. | the aim of this research was to establish the true composition of the 19-nor stanols isolated from the sponge axinella polypoides and to determine accurate stereochemistry for each 19-nor stanol isolated. the following new 19-nor stanols were collected from this sponge: (i) (22e,24s)-24-methyl-19,27-bisnor-5 alpha-cholest-22-en-3 beta-ol, (ii) (22r,23r)-22,23-methylene-19-nor-5 alpha-cholestan-3 beta-ol, (iii) (24 xi)-24-propyl-19-nor-5 alpha-cholestan-3 beta-ol and (iv) (23r,24r)-23,24-dimethyl ... | 1983 | 6673195 |
| aba- and cadpr-mediated effects on respiration and filtration downstream of the temperature-signaling cascade in sponges. | recently, the thermosensing pathway in sponges (porifera) was elucidated. the thermosensor triggering this cascade is a heat-activated cation channel, with the phytohormone abscisic acid (aba), cyclic adp-ribose (cadpr) and calcium acting as intracellular messengers, similarly to the drought-stress signaling cascade in higher plants. here, we investigated the functional effects downstream of the temperature-signaling pathway in axinella polypoides (porifera, demonspongiae). short-term stimulatio ... | 2003 | 12538763 |
| patch-clamp recordings in isolated sponge cells (axinella polypoides). | sponges are the most ancient known metazoans. their cells are specialised but not organised into tissues or organs. recordings of action potential-like propagating electrical impulses suggested that electrical signalling may occur between sponge cells, but the characterization of ionic channels in these cells is still at the beginning. actually, sponge cell surfaces are covered by a complex glycocalyx and long-chain fatty acids are present in the lipid core of their membranes. in these experimen ... | 2003 | 12628699 |
| atp n-glycosidase - a novel atp-converting activity from a marine sponge axinella polypoides. | a novel nucleosidase enzymatic activity was discovered in the marine sponge axinella polypoides. this enzyme, designated as atp n-glycosidase, converts adenosine-5'-triphosphate into adenine and ribose-5-triphosphate. the crude extract of a. polypoides was capable of hydrolysing 25 micro mol atp.min-1 per g wet weight of sponge. the catalytic activity of a sponge crude extract per mg total protein is comparable with specific activities of purified plant adenosine and bacterial amp nucleosidases. ... | 2003 | 14519124 |
| regional and modular expression of morphogenetic factors in the demosponge lubomirskia baicalensis. | some sponges [phylum porifera], e.g. the demosponges lubomirskia baicalensis or axinella polypoides, show an arborescent growth form. in the freshwater sponge l. baicalensis this morphotype is seen mostly in depths below 4m while in more shallow regions it grows as a crust. the different growth forms are determined in nature very likely by water current and/or light. the branches of this species are composed of modules, arranged along the apical-basal axis. the modules are delimited by a precise ... | 2008 | 17383885 |
| axiphenylalaninium and axityrosinium, modified amino acids from the mediterranean marine sponge axinella polypoides. | two new modified amino acids, axiphenylalaninium (1) and axityrosinium (2), along with four known metabolites, c2-alpha-d-mannosylpyranosyl-l-tryptophan (3), n3,5'-cycloxanthosine (4), palythine (5), and taurine, were isolated from the marine sponge axinella polypoides collected in the mediterranean sea. the structures were determined by spectroscopic studies and confirmed by x-ray analysis and chemical modifications. | 2009 | 19757856 |
| polyaxibetaine, an amino acid derivative from the marine sponge axinella polypoides. | a new pyridinium derivative, polyaxibetaine (3), has been isolated from the marine sponge axinella polypoides, together with two known modified amino acids, 1 and 2. the planar structure of compound 3 has been elucidated by spectroscopic methods; definition of the absolute configuration of compounds 1-3 has been carried out through ecd studies. | 2010 | 20353167 |
| luteivirga sdotyamensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel bacterium of the phylum bacteroidetes isolated from the mediterranean sponge axinella polypoides. | a novel aerobic bacterium, designated strain piii.02(t), was isolated from a mediterranean sponge (axinella polypoides) collected off the israeli coast near sdot yam. the non-motile cells were gram-staining-negative, oxidase-positive and catalase-positive. the orange pigment of colonies growing on marine agar was neither diffusible nor flexirubin-like. strain piii.02(t) grew at 15-35 °c, at ph 6.0-9.0, with 2.0-7.0 % (w/v) nacl, and with 1.0-8.0 % (w/v) sea salts. the predominant fatty acids wer ... | 2013 | 22659504 |
| further investigation of the mediterranean sponge axinella polypoides: isolation of a new cyclonucleoside and a new betaine. | an exhaustive exploration into the metabolic content of the mediterranean sponge axinella-polypoides resulted in the isolation of the new betaine 5 and the new cyclonucleoside 8. the structures of the new metabolites were elucidated by spectroscopic methods assisted by computational methods. the analysis also provided evidence that the sponge does not elaborate pyrrole-imidazole alkaloids (pias) but, interestingly, it was shown to contain two already known cyclodipeptides, compounds 9 (verpacami ... | 2012 | 23203274 |
| isolation, biochemical characterization and antibiofilm effect of a lectin from the marine sponge aplysina lactuca. | a new lectin was isolated from the marine sponge aplysina lactuca (all) by combining ammonium sulfate precipitation and affinity chromatography on guar gum matrix. all showed affinity for the disaccharides α-lactose, β-lactose and lactulose (ka=12.5, 31.9 and 145.5m(-1), respectively), as well as the glycoprotein porcine stomach mucin. its hemagglutinating activity was stable in neutral acid ph values and temperatures below 60°c. all is a dimeric protein formed by two covalently linked polypepti ... | 2017 | 28192138 |
| the temperature-signaling cascade in sponges involves a heat-gated cation channel, abscisic acid, and cyclic adp-ribose. | sponges (phylum porifera) are the phylogenetically oldest metazoan animals, their evolution dating back to 600 million years ago. here we demonstrate that sponges express adp-ribosyl cyclase activity, which converts nad(+) into cyclic adp-ribose, a potent and universal intracellular ca(2+) mobilizer. in axinella polypoides (demospongiae, axinellidae), adp-ribosyl cyclase was activated by temperature increases by means of an abscisic acid-induced, protein kinase a-dependent mechanism. the thermos ... | 2001 | 11752433 |
| amino acid sequence of the d-galactose binding lectin ii from the sponge axinella polypoides (schmidt) and identification of the carbohydrate binding site in lectin ii and related lectin i. | the sponge axinella polypoides contains several d-galactose binding lectins. one of the main components, lectin i was sequenced earlier, the complete sequence of the other major constituent of saline extracts, lectin ii has been determined by amino acid sequencing and mass spectrometry. both lectins have a homology of 65% to each other and both possess a disulfide loop between positions 4 and 46. as long as this loop is closed in both lectins, they can be boiled in the presence of sds or treated ... | 1998 | 9972291 |
| heat stress-activated, calcium-dependent nitric oxide synthase in sponges. | the presence of ca(2+)-dependent, heat-stress-activated nitric oxide synthase (nos) activity in peculiarly shaped, fusiform, and dendritic sponge cells is described for the first time. the nos activity was evidenced evaluating the conversion of radioactive citrulline from [(14)c]arginine in intact cells from two different species that are phylogenetically unrelated in the class of demospongiae: axinella polypoides and petrosia ficiformis. the production of nitrogen monoxide (no) was confirmed by ... | 2001 | 11587557 |
| New tetromycin derivatives with anti-trypanosomal and protease inhibitory activities. | Four new tetromycin derivatives, tetromycins 1-4 and a previously known one, tetromycin B (5) were isolated from Streptomyces axinellae Pol001(T) cultivated from the Mediterranean sponge Axinella polypoides. Structures were assigned using extensive 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy as well as HRESIMS analysis. The compounds were tested for antiparasitic activities against Leishmania major and Trypanosoma brucei, and for protease inhibition against several cysteine proteases such as falcipain, rhodesain ... | 2011 | 22072992 |
| streptomyces axinellae sp. nov., isolated from the mediterranean sponge axinella polypoides (porifera). | an actinomycete strain, isolated from the marine sponge axinella polypoides collected from banyuls-sur-mer, france, was characterized using a polyphasic approach. based on its chemotaxonomic and morphological characteristics, strain pol001(t) belongs to the genus streptomyces. the strain is characterized by ll-diaminopimelic acid in the cell wall, menaquinones mk-9(h(4), h(6), h(8)) and a dna g+c content of 71.0 mol%. it forms a separate phyletic line based on phylogenetic analyses of the nearly ... | 2009 | 19502329 |
| cell surface carbohydrates in crithidia deanei: influence of the endosymbiote. | the cell surface of the symbiote-containing and symbiote-free strains of crithidia deanei were characterized comparatively by using 22 highly purified lectins with specificities for n-acetyl glucosamine, n-acetyl galactosamine, galactose, mannose-like residues, fucose and sialic acid. the specificity of the cell surface carbohydrate in both strains were analyzed by agglutination and lectin-binding assays. c. deanei with or without endosymbiote was specifically agglutinated by lectins from tritic ... | 1982 | 7067702 |
| rubritalea marina gen. nov., sp. nov., a marine representative of the phylum 'verrucomicrobia', isolated from a sponge (porifera). | a marine bacterium, strain pol012(t), was isolated from the mediterranean sponge axinella polypoides and subsequently characterized as belonging to subphylum 1 of the phylum 'verrucomicrobia'. strain pol012(t) was non-motile, gram-negative, coccoid or rod-shaped and red in colour. the menaquinones mk-8 and mk-9 were detected. the g+c content of the genomic dna was 50.9 mol%. growth was possible at temperatures between 8 and 30 degrees c and at ph values between 6.8 and 8.2. the closest cultured ... | 2006 | 16957108 |
| [serological and immunoelectrophoretical investigations of the haemagglutinins of the two sponges aaptos papillata (keller) and axinella polypoides (schmidt) (author's transl)]. | | 1973 | 4282978 |
| comparative investigations of latin american trypanosomes with lectins and complement lysis test. | four-days old epimastigote culture forms of different stocks of trypanosoma cruzi from colombia, costa rica and mexico as well of colombian stocks of t. rangeli were tested with 27 lectins and the complement lysis test. while the stocks of t. cruzi and t. rangeli showed common agglutination reactions with the lectins of canavalia ensiformis and pisum sativum, only the stocks of t. cruzi were additionally agglutinated by ricinus communis-120, glycine maxima, helix pomatia, axinella polypoides, ba ... | 1986 | 3085200 |
| a galactose-inhibitable mitogen for human lymphocytes from the sponge axinella polypoides. | of two galactose-binding hemagglutinins isolated from the sponge axinella polypoides, axinella i was strongly mitogenic for human peripheral blood lymphocytes, and axinella ii was not. purified t cells responded strongly and b cells weakly to axinella i. mitogenic response, as monitored by rate of 3h-thymidine incorporation on the third day of culture, was specifically inhibited by dgalactose, dfucose, raffinose, or 2-deoxy-d-galactose added within 5 hr of the mitogen. mitogenic response was cor ... | 1976 | 1086319 |
| comparative investigations on the amino-acid sequences of different isolectins from the sponge axinella polypoides (schmidt). | the sponge axinella polypoides contains four different d-galactose binding lectins and one, termed lectin iv, which is specific for hexuronic acids. only the d-galactose binding lectins were investigated in this study. the complete amino-acid sequence of lectin i, the main component in the crude extract was determined. lectin i is a homodimer and each subunit comprises 144 amino acids with a m(r) of 15,847 +/- 10, as calculated from the sequence data and determined by mass spectrometry. each sub ... | 1992 | 1390906 |
| biosynthetic studies of marine lipids. 35. the demonstration of de novo sterol biosynthesis in sponges using radiolabeled isoprenoid precursors. | 1. de novo sterol biosynthesis in the sponges tethya aurantia and aplysina fistularis was investigated, using sodium [5,5-3h]-mevalonate, [1-3h]-farnesol and [3-3h]-squalene. [3-3h]-squalene was found to be the best precursor for demonstrating de novo sterol biosynthesis in a wider range of sponges. 2. by feeding [3-3h]-squalene and using cell-free techniques, the de novo sterol biosynthesis was established in 18 sponges belonging to nine orders. among these sponges were axinella polypoides and ... | 1991 | 1790671 |
| immunohistochemical studies on the distribution and the function of the d-galactose-specific lectins in the sponge axinella polypoides (schmidt). | the distribution of the two d-galactose-specific lectins within the sponge tissue of axinella polypoides was studied by autoradiography and by an immunohistochemical method on paraplast- and cryosections. both techniques revealed that the lectins are stored inside the vesicles of the spherulous cells. all spherulous cells, regardless of their appearance in the different types of tissue contained the lectins. antibodies were purified from an antiserum that reacted with both lectin i and lectin ii ... | 1983 | 6839352 |
| investigations on the lectin-producing cells in the sponge axinella polypoides (schmidt). | the localization of two carohydrate binding proteins, so-called lectins, was studied in the sponge tissue of axinella polypoides by light and immunofluorescence microscopy. they do not occur at the cellular surface of any cell type, but they are stored in vesicles of the "spherulous cells". after short formaldehyde fixation spherulous cells can be isolated and they release the active lectins upon lysis in distilled water. electron microscopical studies of spherulous cells show that they contain ... | 1979 | 509491 |
| [determination of the association constant k0 and the number of combining sites n of the mitogenic lectin i and its structural relationship to the nonmitogenic lectin ii from the sponge axinella polypoides (schmidt) (author's transl)]. | the association constant k0 and the number of combining-sites n for the mitogenic lectin i from the sponge axinella polypoides was determined. k0 was found to be 2,8 . 10(2) 1/mol and n = 1. immunoelectrophoretic investigations demonstrated, that lectin i and the nonmitogenic lectin ii of axinella polypoides have structural relationships but have also domains which are unique to them. the correlation between these findings, their carbohydrate specificity and mitogenicity is discussed. | 1978 | 746682 |
| purification and characterization of the agglutinins from the sponge axinella polypoides and a study of their combining sites. | the hemagglutinins from the sponge axinella polypoides were isolated by affinity chromatography using sepharose 4b as an absorbent and eluting with dgal. further separation on deae-cellulose and preparative disc electrophoresis on polyacrylamide and agarose gave three fractions. the physicochemical properties and binding specificities of the two main agglutinins were studied. homogeneity was tested by polyacrylamide electrophoresis and immunoelectrophoresis and by sedimentation analysis. in isoe ... | 1976 | 952854 |
| metabolism in porifera-v. biosynthesis of 19-nor-stanols: conversion of cholesterol into 19-nor-cholestanols by the sponge axinella polypoides. | | 1975 | 1140304 |
| [further investigations of the sponge-haemagglutinins from aaptos papillata and axinella polypoides (author's transl)]. | | 1974 | 4283017 |
| studies on the relationship between lectins from axinella polypoides agglutinating bacteria and human erythrocytes. | | 1978 | 731069 |
| additional precipitation reactions of lectins with human serum glycoproteins. | highly purified human serum glycoproteins were treated with neuraminidase and examined for their cross reaction with several lectins with anti-galactosyl specificity: beta-d-galactosyl structures are thought to be the main terminal sugar residues that become attached de novo after removal of neuraminic acid. the following lectins were tested: tridacnin from the bivalve clams tridacna maxima and tridacna gigas, the agglutinin from the sponge axinella polypoides, the lectin from the roach rutilus ... | 1978 | 564939 |
| different glycosubstances and galactans in the albumin gland and eggs of achatina fulica. | in saline extracts from the eggs and the albumin gland of the snail achatina fulica 3 different forms of glycosubstances have been found by using heterophile precipitins from different sources: 1. an alkali-stable galactan reacting with the anti-galactans from axinella polypoides sponge and from the clam tridacna maxima (tridacnin) and with concanavalin a. 2. another glycosubstance giving cross-reactions with a second precipitin from axinella polypoides, with the lectin from ricinus communis, wi ... | 1976 | 1034378 |
| mitochondrial group i and group ii introns in the sponge orders agelasida and axinellida. | self-splicing introns are present in the mitochondria of members of most eukaryotic lineages. they are divided into group i and group ii introns, according to their secondary structure and splicing mechanism. being rare in animals, self-splicing introns were only described in a few sponges, cnidarians, placozoans and one annelid species. in sponges, three types of mitochondrial group i introns were previously described in two demosponge families (tetillidae, and aplysinellidae) and in the homosc ... | 2015 | 26653218 |
| differences between bacterial communities associated with the surface or tissue of mediterranean sponge species. | bacterial communities associated with the surfaces of several mediterranean sponge species (agelas oroides, chondrosia reniformis, petrosia ficiformis, geodia sp., tethya sp., axinella polypoides, dysidea avara, and oscarella lobularis) were compared to those associated with the mesohyl of sponges and other animate or inanimate reference surfaces as well as with those from bulk seawater. denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge) analysis of pcr-amplified bacterial 16s ribosomal rna genes ob ... | 2011 | 21246194 |
| occurrence, function and potential medicinal applications of the phytohormone abscisic acid in animals and humans. | abscisic acid (aba) is an important phytohormone that regulates plant growth, development, dormancy and stress responses. recently, it was discovered that aba is produced by a wide range of animals including sponges (axinella polypoides), hydroids (eudendrium racemosum), human parasites (toxoplasma gondii), and by various mammalian tissues and cells (leukocytes, pancreatic cells, and mesenchymal stem cells). aba is a universal signaling molecule that stimulates diverse functions in animals throu ... | 2011 | 21763293 |