| two rapid microscale procedures for isolation of total rna from leaves rich in polyphenols and polysaccharides: application for sensitive detection of grapevine viroids. | two rapid microscale procedures for isolation of total rna from grapevine leaves are described. homogenized leaf tissue is phenol extracted and polyphenols and polysaccharides are removed by either an aqueous two-phase system followed by deae-cellulose chromatography or by differential precipitation with the solvent 2-butoxyethanol. the resulting rna, about 5-15 micrograms from 0.25 g grapevine leaves, is of high quality and can be employed for reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction ... | 1995 | 7769033 |
| analysis of sequence variation in grapevine yellow speckle viroid 1 reveals two distinct alternative structures for the pathogenic domain. | the nucleotide sequences of 24 full-length cdna clones prepared from a field isolate of grapevine yellow speckle viroid 1 (gysv 1) have been determined and compared with that of the previously published gysv 1 sequence. a large number of sequence variations were observed, the majority of which occurred in the pathogenicity domain (p domain) of the viroid. the gysv 1 variants could be divided into two types each containing a distinct secondary structure within the p domain. monomeric exact-length ... | 1993 | 8438582 |
| variation of viroid profiles in individual grapevine plants: novel grapevine yellow speckle viroid 1 mutants show alterations of hairpin i. | this is the first report which gives a general survey about viroid variant composition in a vineyard and within single plants. a german vineyard with 20-year-old grapevines (vitis vinifera) of the cultivars 'bacchus' and 'kerner' was analysed for viroid infections. only grapevine yellow speckle viroid 1 (gysvd1) and the grapevine isolate of hop stunt viroid (hsvdg) were detected. both viroids occur in several sequence variations. eighteen novel gysvd1 variants and two previously published hsvdg ... | 1996 | 8558124 |
| population diversity in grapevine yellow speckle viroid-1 and the relationship to disease expression. | vitis vinifera cultivars zinfandel-1a and mission were found to harbor different grapevine yellow speckle viroid-1 (gysvd-1) variants and characterized to define the relationship to yellow speckle (ys) and vein-banding (vb) diseases. products from the left terminal (t1), pathogenic (p), and a portion of the central (c) domains of zinfandel-1a and mission displayed distinct single-stranded conformation polymorphism (sscp) patterns, presumably reflecting nucleotide changes in the p domain. the two ... | 1998 | 9721250 |
| efficient methods for sample processing and cdna synthesis by rt-pcr for the detection of grapevine viruses and viroids. | template preparation is important in reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr)-based detection methods. a tissuelyser with tungsten carbide beads was used for simultaneous processing of up to 48 samples under the same conditions in the development of a simple and rapid procedure to prepare a plant extract for rt reaction. a sandpaper method was also developed by which wood tissue of dormant cuttings could be macerated easily to process with minimal time and effort. it was also dem ... | 2006 | 16510197 |
| deep sequencing of viroid-derived small rnas from grapevine provides new insights on the role of rna silencing in plant-viroid interaction. | viroids are circular, highly structured, non-protein-coding rnas that, usurping cellular enzymes and escaping host defense mechanisms, are able to replicate and move through infected plants. similarly to viruses, viroid infections are associated with the accumulation of viroid-derived 21-24 nt small rnas (vd-srnas) with the typical features of the small interfering rnas characteristic of rna silencing, a sequence-specific mechanism involved in defense against invading nucleic acids and in regula ... | 2009 | 19890399 |
| development and validation of a multiplex rt-pcr method for the simultaneous detection of five grapevine viroids. | grapevine yellow speckle viroid 1 (gysvd-1), grapevine yellow speckle viroid 2 (gysvd-2), australian grapevine viroid (agvd), hop stunt viroid (hsvd) and citrus exocortis viroid (cevd) are the five viroids known to infect naturally grapevines. we developed a multiplex rt-pcr (mrt-pcr) method for the simultaneous detection of these five viroids and the amplification of the cdna fragment of a host-derived mrna (actin mrna) as an internal positive control. specific primers for each targeted viroid ... | 2012 | 22004912 |
| a new grapevine virus discovered by deep sequencing of virus- and viroid-derived small rnas in cv pinot gris. | field symptoms of chlorotic mottling and leaf deformations were observed on the cv pinot gris (pg) in the trentino region (italy). extensive assays excluded the presence of widely distributed nepo-, ampelo- and vitiviruses. an analysis of small rna populations from two pg grapevines showing or not symptoms was carried out by illumina high throughput sequencing. the study disclosed the virus and viroids contents of the two vines that was composed by grapevine rupestris stem pitting-associated vir ... | 2011 | 22036729 |
| comprehensive diversity analysis of viroids infecting grapevine in china and japan. | to date, several viroid species have been shown to infect grapevine, including hop stunt viroid (hpsvd), citrus exocortis viroid (cevd), australian grapevine viroid (agvd), grapevine yellow speckle viroid-1 (gysvd-1), grapevine yellow speckle viroid-2 (gysvd-2) and a tentative new species, grapevine yellow speckle viroid-3 (gysvd-3). here, we identified and analyzed the distribution, genetic diversity, and molecular properties of viroids infecting grapevine cultivated in china and japan, includi ... | 2012 | 22940569 |
| a leafhopper-transmissible dna virus with novel evolutionary lineage in the family geminiviridae implicated in grapevine redleaf disease by next-generation sequencing. | a graft-transmissible disease displaying red veins, red blotches and total reddening of leaves in red-berried wine grape (vitis vinifera l.) cultivars was observed in commercial vineyards. next-generation sequencing technology was used to identify etiological agent(s) associated with this emerging disease, designated as grapevine redleaf disease (grd). high quality rna extracted from leaves of grape cultivars merlot and cabernet franc with and without grd symptoms was used to prepare cdna librar ... | 2013 | 23755117 |
| high-throughput sequence analysis of small rnas in grapevine (vitis vinifera l.) affected by grapevine leafroll disease. | grapevine leafroll disease (glrd) is one of the most economically important virus diseases of grapevine (vitis spp.) worldwide. in this study, we used high-throughput sequencing of cdna libraries made from small rnas (srnas) to compare profiles of srna populations recovered from own-rooted merlot grapevines with and without glrd symptoms. the data revealed the presence of srnas specific to grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3, hop stunt viroid (hpsvd), grapevine yellow speckle viroid 1 (gysvd-1 ... | 2012 | 22827483 |
| effect of temperature on symptom expression and sequence polymorphism of grapevine yellow speckle viroid 1 in grapevine. | symptom expression of yellow speckle disease was studied in a row of 32 individual vitis vinifera cv. chardonnay vines in the warmer summer of 2009/2010 as compared with the cooler summer of 2011/2012 in south australia. rt-pcr analysis showed that all these vines were positive for hop stunt viroid, grapevine yellow speckle viroid 1 (gysvd-1) and grapevine rupestris stem pitting-associated virus. four vines named vines 1, 8, 11 and 15 were selected for further analyses. vines 1 and 8 had never s ... | 2014 | 24905287 |
| comprehensive virus detection using next generation sequencing in grapevine vascular tissues of plants obtained from the wine regions of bohemia and moravia (czech republic). | comprehensive next generation sequencing virus detection was used to detect the whole spectrum of viruses and viroids in selected grapevines from the czech republic. the novel ngs approach was based on sequencing libraries of small rna isolated from grapevine vascular tissues. eight previously partially-characterized grapevines of diverse varieties were selected and subjected to analysis: chardonnay, laurot, guzal kara, and rootstock kober 125aa from the moravia wine-producing region; plus mülle ... | 2016 | 27959951 |
| complete genome sequences of grapevine yellow speckle viroid 1 and hop stunt viroid assembled from the transcriptome of ixeridium dentatum plants. | here, we report complete genome sequences of grapevine yellow speckle viroid 1 (gysvd1) and hop stunt viroid (hsvd), members of the family pospiviroidae, assembled from the transcriptome data generated from ixeridium dentatum plants. to our knowledge, this is the first report of gysvd1 and hsvd in i. dentatum. | 2015 | 26514761 |
| de novo genome assembly of grapevine yellow speckle viroid 1 from a grapevine transcriptome. | grapevine yellow speckle viroid 1 (gysvd1), which is a member of the genus apscaviroid, causes yellow speckle disease in grapevines. here, we report the complete de novo genome assembly of gysvd1 from the grapevine transcriptome and identified 10 single nucleotide polymorphisms of gysvd1 across the grapevine populations. | 2015 | 25999581 |