| a simple, rapid method of nucleic acid extraction without tissue homogenization for detecting viroids by hybridization and rt-pcr. | a simple, rapid method of nucleic acid extraction on a microcentrifuge tube scale for detecting viroids is presented. five distinct citrus viroids (cvds), chrysanthemum stunt viroid (csvd), hop stunt viroid (hsvd), hop latent viroid (hlvd) and potato spindle tuber viroid (pstvd) were detected in their natural host plants by hybridization using crna probes and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr). nucleic acids (na) were liberated from tissues by incubation in a buffer contain ... | 1999 | 10029324 |
| simultaneous detection of six citrus viroids and apple stem grooving virus from citrus plants by multiplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. | we developed a multiplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) to detect six citrus viroids: citrus exocortis viroid (cevd), citrus bent leaf viroid (cblvd), hop stunt viroid (hsvd), citrus viroid iii (cvd-iii), citrus viroid iv (cvd-iv) and citrus viroid os (cvd-os) and apple stem grooving virus (asgv, synonym: citrus tatter leaf virus (ctlv)) from citrus plants. the multiplex rt-pcr was also designed to distinguish cvd-i-lss (a distinct variant of cblvd) from cblvd. by the m ... | 2002 | 12393154 |
| the question of citrus viroid iv as a cocadviroid. | it has been suggested that citrus viroid iv (cvd-iv) be classified as a species within the genus cocadviroid. this relationship was based on the presence of a terminal conserved hairpin (tch) and absence of a terminal conserved region (tcr) as specific structural motifs in common with isolates of coconut cadang-cadang viroid (cccvd) as well as phylogenetic relationships with members of the genus cocadviroid. evidence is presented for a "vestigial" tcr in cvd-iv as well as the introduction of the ... | 2005 | 15821974 |
| multiple citrus viroids in citrus from japan and their ability to produce exocortis-like symptoms in citron. | abstract sequential polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analyses showed many viroid-like rnas in samples collected from citrus trees in japan. reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and sequencing analyses of the amplified fragments verified that they were derived from variants of six citrus viroids, citrus exocortis viroid (cevd), citrus bent leaf viroid (cblvd) including cvd-i-lss (a distinct variant of cblvd), hop stunt viroid, citrus viroid iii, citrus viroid iv, and citrus viroid os ... | 2002 | 18943029 |
| interactions between citrus viroids affect symptom expression and field performance of clementine trees grafted on trifoliate orange. | abstract citrus exocortis viroid (cevd), citrus bent leaf viroid (cblvd), a noncachexia variant of hop stunt viroid (hsvd), citrus viroid iii (cvd-iii), and citrus viroid iv (cvd-iv) were co-inoculated as two-, three-, four-, and five-viroid mixtures to clementine trees grafted on trifoliate orange to evaluate their effect on symptom expression, tree growth, and fruit yield. most trees infected with cevd-containing viroid mixtures developed exocortis scaling symptoms, as did cevd alone, whereas ... | 2006 | 18943417 |
| one-step multiplex rt-qpcr detects three citrus viroids from different genera in a wide range of hosts. | a one-step multiplex reverse transcription real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (rt-qpcr) based on species-specific minor groove binding (mgb) probes, was developed for the simultaneous detection, identification, and quantification of three citrus viroids belonging to different genera. citrus exocortis viroid (pospiviroid), hop stunt viroid (hostuviroid), and citrus bark cracking viroid (cocadviroid) cause a variety of maladies in agriculturally significant crops. therefore, reliable ... | 2017 | 28300606 |
| identification and characterization of micrornas in humulus lupulus using high-throughput sequencing and their response to citrus bark cracking viroid (cbcvd) infection. | hop (humulus lupulus l.) plants are grown primarily for the brewing industry and have been used as a traditional medicinal herb for a long time. severe hop stunt disease caused by the recently discovered citrus bark cracking viroid (cbcvd) is one of the most devastating diseases among other viroid infections in hop. micrornas (mirnas) are a class of non-coding small rnas that play important roles in gene expression regulation. to identify mirnas in hop and their response to cbcvd-infection, two ... | 2016 | 27846797 |
| phloem restriction of viroids in three citrus hosts is overcome by grafting with etrog citron: potential involvement of a translocatable factor. | viroid systemic spread involves cell-to-cell movement from initially infected cells via plasmodesmata, long-distance movement within the phloem and again cell-to-cell movement to invade distal tissues including the mesophyll. citrus exocortis viroid (cevd), hop stunt viroid, citrus bent leaf viroid, citrus dwarfing viroid, citrus bark cracking viroid and citrus viroid v remained phloem restricted when singly infecting citrus karna, citrus aurantium and poncirus trifoliata, but not etrog citron, ... | 2015 | 25888624 |
| structural sites specific to citrus viroid groups. | synthesis of cdna probes by random-priming of a viroid template displays the unusual property of specificity to all members included within a single citrus viroid group. the specificity of hybridization reactions was influenced by the structural conformation of the viroid rna template, reaction conditions for reverse transcription and hybridization protocols. mapping the loci for probe transcription from the cevd, cvd-iib, and cvd-iv genomes suggests that a similar structured conformation may be ... | 1995 | 7730793 |
| primary and secondary structure of citrus viroid iv (cvd iv), a new chimeric viroid present in dwarfed grapefruit in israel. | | 1991 | 1754400 |