| resolving the database sequence discrepancies for the staphylococcus aureus bacteriophage phi 11 amidase. | there are two conflicting primary nucleotide sequences of the staphylococcus aureus bacteriophage phi 11 amidase gene in genbank. nucleotide sequence differences as well as alternative translational start site assignments result in three non-identical protein sequence predictions for this amidase. therefore, it is prudent to verify the correct phi11 amidase protein sequence, especially since multiple versions of the amidase gene have been subcloned, deletion analysis performed, and their experim ... | 2008 | 18247395 |
| comparative analysis of the genomes of the temperate bacteriophages phi 11, phi 12 and phi 13 of staphylococcus aureus 8325. | the genomes of the three temperate bacteriophages contained in the chromosome of staphylococcus aureus 8325 have been extracted from the sequence database and analyzed. phi 11, phi 12 and phi 13 are members of the same lytic group but different serogroups and consequently co-habitate the same host cell. their genomes are approximately 42 kb to 45 kb and contain about 90 orfs of at least 50 codons. of these, about 50 have similarities to known genes or to genes of other staphylococcal phages. eac ... | 2002 | 12036589 |
| molecular analysis of lytic genes of bacteriophage 80 alpha of staphylococcus aureus. | nucleotide sequencing of a 3779-bp fragment of the staphylococcus aureus bacteriophage 80 alpha revealed two open reading frames: orf1, designated as lyta, which encodes a polypeptide of 481 amino acids with an apparent m(r) of 53.81 kda; and orf2, designated as holin, which encodes for a hydrophobic polypeptide of 145 amino acids with an apparent m(r) of 15.58 kda and exhibits two putative transmembrane helices. both genes showed 100% sequence homology to that of the peptidoglycan hydrolase and ... | 1997 | 9246739 |
| sequence analysis of the region upstream of a peptidoglycan hydrolase-encoding gene from bacteriophage phi 11 of staphylococcus aureus. | the nucleotide sequence of a 1.1-kb dna fragment upstream of a peptidoglycan hydrolase-encoding gene (lyta) from bacteriophage phi 11 of staphylococcus aureus was determined to see if the upstream sequences are involved in the transfer of the lyta product through the cytoplasmic membrane. sequencing revealed three open reading frames of 171, 147 and 435 bp with consensus shine-dalgarno sequences located upstream from the atg start codons. the third open reading frame overlaps with the 5' end of ... | 1995 | 8566718 |
| cloning, sequencing, and genetic characterization of regulatory genes, rina and rinb, required for the activation of staphylococcal phage phi 11 int expression. | the int gene of staphylococcal bacteriophage phi 11 is the only viral gene responsible for the integrative recombination of phi 11. to study the regulation of int gene expression, we determined the 5' end of the transcript by s1 mapping. the presumed promoter is located just 22 nucleotides upstream of the int open reading frame in a region which is conserved between phi 11 and a closely related staphylococcal phage, l54a. to clone the possible regulatory gene, a vector which contained the report ... | 1993 | 8432703 |
| isolation and characterization of autolysis-defective mutants of staphylococcus aureus created by tn917-lacz mutagenesis. | two autolysis-defective mutants (lyt-1 and lyt-2) of staphylococcus aureus have been isolated by transposon tn917-lacz mutagenesis. the mutants exhibited normal growth rate, cell division, cell size, and adaptive responses to environmental changes. no autolytic activities were detected in a crude autolytic enzyme preparation from the lyt- mutants. the rate of autolysis of whole cells and cell walls in the mutants were negligible, but mutant cell wall preparations were degraded by crude enzyme pr ... | 1993 | 8095258 |
| sequence analysis of the region downstream from a peptidoglycan hydrolase-encoding gene from staphylococcus aureus nctc8325. | the nucleotide (nt) sequence of a 4.7-kb dna fragment downstream from a peptidoglycan hydrolase-encoding gene (lyta) from staphylococcus aureus nctc8325 was determined. sequencing revealed three open reading frames (orfs) of 513, 447 and 879 bp with consensus ribosome-binding sites located upstream from the atg start codons. results from in vitro transcription-translation analysis and maxicell experiments suggested that the 447-bp orf was the one being actively expressed. comparison of the amino ... | 1993 | 7905453 |
| novel patterns of ultraviolet mutagenesis and weigle reactivation in staphylococcus aureus and phage phi 11. | the effects of u.v. irradiation on the survival of staphylococcus aureus and its phage phi 11 were studied. the reca and uvr mutations affected their survival in a similar way to synonymous mutations in escherichia coli. weigle reactivation (w-reactivation) of phi 11 occurred in wild-type s. aureus and in a uvr mutant but to a lesser extent than has been found for phage lambda in e. coli. reactivation was reca-dependent and was accompanied by u.v.-induced mutagenesis in a temperature-sensitive m ... | 1981 | 6459429 |
| [role of phage in the transfer of plasmids in mixed cultures of staphylococcus aureus (author's transl)]. | lysogenicity with phages of serogroup b is a prerequisite to the transfer of drug resistance plasmids in mixed cultures of staphylococcus aureus. this is demonstrated by experiments with transfer of the plasmids pii 147, pc 221, pt 127, pe 2222 to strain 8325-4 which was lysogenized for different phages of different serogroups (table 2). the transfer is also possible, when the donor strain or the recipient strain are lysogenic for the phage mutant phi 11, m 28, which is able to lyse strain 8325- ... | 1981 | 6455889 |
| cloning of restriction fragments of dna from staphylococcal bacteriophage phi 11. | ecori fragments of staphylococcus aureus bacteriophage phi 11 dna were cloned in vector plasmid psa2100 in s. aureus. the clones were analyzed in marker rescue experiments with suppressor- and temperature-sensitive mutants of phi 11 to correlate the genetic and physical map. several mutants could be identified on the physical map, and a clone containing fragment ecori-b of phi 11 dna expressed immunity to phage infection. in addition, it was found that recombinant plasmids containing phi 11 dna ... | 1981 | 6261019 |
| structure and restriction enzyme maps of the circularly permuted dna of staphylococcal bacteriophage phi 11. | one restriction enzyme map of staphylococcus aureus bacteriophage phi 11 dna was established by reciprocal double digestions with the enzymes ecori, haeii, and kpni. the sequential order of the ecori fragments was thereafter established by a novel approach involving blotting of dna partially cleaved with ecori and the probing the blots with nick-translated terminal fragments. a circular map of the phi 11 dna was established, and the phage genome was circularly permuted based on the failure to en ... | 1981 | 6261018 |
| physical mapping of the bgli, bglii, psti and ecori restriction fragments of staphylococcal phage phi 11 dna. | a cleavage map of the generalized transducing staphylococcal phage phi 11 dna has been constructed by reciprocal double digestion. all three bgli, the six bglii, the three psti, and 11 out of 15 ecori sites have been mapped. the map is circular, with a total length of 42 kb, and has been divided into 100 map units. the phage dna is cyclically permuted and has a terminal redundancy of about 11 kb. the preferential starting point and direction for packaging dna lies at map unit 79 and proceeds to ... | 1980 | 6258026 |
| [isolation and analysis of pseudomonas aeruginosa pao mutants resistant to nonlysogenic bacteriophages]. | nonlysogenizing pseudomonas aeruginosa pao bacteriophages were studied. according to morphology of the plaques, they were distributed into three groups: phi k, phi m and phi mn. the mutants of p. aeruginosa pao resistant to these bacteriophages were selected. on the basis of cris-cross resistance analysis of the mutants, a formal scheme of the receptor sites on the p. aeruginosa pao bacterial cell surface is drawn. it is shown that bacteriophages phi k and phi m use different receptors for their ... | 1985 | 3918919 |
| immunogenic properties of octasaccharide-protein conjugates derived from klebsiella serotype 11 capsular polysaccharide. | the tetrasaccharide repeating unit of the capsular polysaccharide of klebsiella serotype 11, k11ps, comprises the following sequence: [----3)-beta-d-glcpa-(1----3)-alpha-d-galp-(1----3)-beta-d-glcp-(1 ----] with a 4,6-o-(1-carboxyethylidene)-alpha-d-galactopyranosyl residue linked to o-4 of the glucuronic acid residue. octasaccharide (os) derived from k11ps by bacteriophage phi 11-associated glycanase, was coupled to bovine serum albumin and to keyhole limpet hemocyanin. the immunogenicity of va ... | 1985 | 3881349 |
| structural analysis of staphylococcal bacteriophage phi 11 attachment sites. | the lysogenization of bacteriophage phi 11 in staphylococcus aureus occurs by site-specific recombination. the dna segments containing the attachment sites on the host chromosome, the phage genome, and the two junctions created by insertion of the prophage were cloned, and the nucleotide sequences were determined. the attachment sites share a very short common sequence of 10 base pairs. | 1988 | 2966144 |
| sequence analysis and comparison of int and xis genes from staphylococcal bacteriophages l54a and phi 11. | the dna fragment encoding the integrase and excisionase genes involved in site-specific recombination of staphylococcal bacteriophage phi 11 was cloned and sequenced. the int and xis genes and the recombination site, attp, were highly clustered in a 1.7-kilobase dna fragment with the gene order attp-int-xis. the int and xis genes were transcribed divergently, with the int gene transcribed toward the attp site and the xis gene transcribed away from the attp site. the deduced int is a basic protei ... | 1990 | 2139648 |
| thymineless bacteriophage induction in staphylococcus aureus. i. high-frequency transduction with lysates containing a bacteriophage related to bacteriophage phi 11. | a thymine-requiring mutant of staphylococcus aureus, strain 8325 (pi258)thy, undergoes prophage induction and lysis after thymine starvation. four different phages were isolated from the lysate in low titers, among which was a phage designated phi 14, which differs from phage phi 11 in its immunity locus. the thymineless induced lysates of strain 8325(pi258)thy transduce the penicillinase plasmid at high frequency (10(-1), whereas transduction of chromosomal markers is inefficient. a plasmic-cur ... | 1975 | 127846 |
| genetic map of the staphylococcal bacteriophage phi11. | ten sus mutants of the staphylococcal bacteriophage phi 11, each a representative from a different complementation group, have been used in three-factor cross experiments. the results of these crosses indicate a circular genetic map for phi 11. functional studies of the mutants have been limited to electron microscopic examinations of lysates after prophage induction (or infection). one gene is an early gene, five genes are concerned with tail formation, and three are concerned with head formati ... | 1975 | 125802 |