| the interaction of sodium dodecyl sulfate with cucumber green mottle mosaic virus protein and tobacco mosaic virus protein. | | 1978 | 637561 |
| anomalous mobility of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus protein in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. | | 1978 | 730748 |
| assembly of a rod-shaped virus. disk aggregate of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus protein and its function. | although it is established that in the assembly of tobacco mosaic virus (tmv) in vitro, a 20 s disk aggregate of protein is essential for the initiation of the reaction, there is no agreement as to whether subsequent rod elongation proceeds by the addition of protein subunits or disks. cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (cgmmv) is a rod-shaped virus closely related to tmv. it was observed directly by electron microscopy that cgmmv-protein also formed a single- or double-layer disk aggregate un ... | 1975 | 1126921 |
| assembly of tobacco mosaic virus in vitro. improved model for the elongation process by protein subunits. | the in vitro assembly reaction of tobacco mosaic virus (tmv), especially the elongation process of partially reconstituted rna (prr) by protein subunits, was observed by electron microscopy. after addition of tmv-protein subunits, the prr appeared as rods with a clump at one end, believed to be a complex between added protein subunits and the rna tail protruding from prr. the subunits entrapped on the rna tails in the forms of clumps were progressively incorporated into the growing rods on incub ... | 1975 | 1225901 |
| biochemical characterization of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus ribonucleic acid. | | 1976 | 1258378 |
| the complete nucleotide sequence of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (sh strain) genomic rna. | the complete nucleotide sequence of the genomic rna of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus watermelon strain sh (cgmmv-sh) was determined using cloned cdna. this sequence is 6421 nucleotides long containing at least four open reading frames, which correspond to 186k, 129k, 29k and 17.3k proteins. the 17.3k protein is the coat protein. sequence analysis shows that cgmmv-sh is very closely related to another watermelon strain. cgmmv-w, although three amino acid substitutions in the 29k protein were ... | 1991 | 1856687 |
| a classification of the tobamoviruses based on comparisons among their 126k proteins. | the products of partial proteolysis of the mr 126,000 in vitro translation products of the rna of eight tobamoviruses were separated by sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. the peptide patterns obtained were compared using a computer program designed to establish phylogenetic relationships. the resulting most-parsimonious phylogenetic trees grouped the tobamoviruses into clusters i (tobacco mosaic virus, tomato mosaic virus, tobacco mild green mosaic virus, pepper mild mottle virus) and ii (s ... | 1990 | 2230728 |
| fiber diffraction analysis of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus using limited numbers of heavy-atom derivatives. | the structure of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus has been determined from fiber diffraction data to a resolution of 5 a, using only two derivatives and without making any specific assumptions about the molecular structure of the virus. because of the cylindrical averaging of fiber diffraction data, large numbers of heavy-atom derivatives have been required in previous structure determinations, but it is shown that simplifying assumptions about the overlapping intensities in fiber diffraction ... | 1990 | 2288725 |
| replication of chimeric tobacco mosaic viruses which carry heterologous combinations of replicase genes and 3' noncoding regions. | three tobacco mosaic virus (tmv)-l (tomato strain)-derived chimeras, designated ol1, lg11, or lk31, were constructed by replacing the 3' noncoding region with the corresponding sequence of tmv-om (common strain), cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (cgmmv), or tmv-cc (cowpea strain), respectively. the genomic rnas of tmv-l, -om, and cgmmv carry histidine-accepting trna-like structures at their 3' termini, while the genome of tmv-cc accepts valine. the three chimeric viruses were able to multiply ... | 1988 | 2452515 |
| interviral homologies of the 30k proteins of tobamoviruses. | the 30k protein of tobacco mosaic virus was recently confirmed to be involved in cell-to-cell movement of the virus. to characterize common structural features of the 30k protein, the nucleotide sequence of the 30k protein gene of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (cgmmv, a member of the tobamoviruses) rna has been determined. the cgmmv 30k protein is composed of 264 amino acids with a calculated molecular weight of 28,800. comparisons among the 30k proteins of tobamoviruses show that the 30k p ... | 1988 | 3201760 |
| taxonomy of cucurbit-infecting tobamoviruses as determined by serological and molecular hybridization analyses. | a number of cucurbit-infecting tobamoviruses have been reported in the past but there is confusion about their identity and relationships. cucumber viruses 3 (cv3) and 4 (cv4) were originally described in the united kingdom whereas the watermelon (w) and cucumber (c) 'isolates' of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (cgmmv) came from japan. the results of serological studies and rna-cdna analyses have shown that cv3, cv4 and cgmmv-w are very closely related, whereas cgmmv-c is quite different. it ... | 1986 | 3583663 |
| preliminary x-ray fiber diffraction studies of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus, watermelon strain. | fiber diffraction patterns have been obtained for cucumber green mottle mosaic virus, watermelon strain (a distant relative of tobacco mosaic virus), and two heavy-atom derivatives. these patterns and the similarity between the cucumber and the tobacco virus offer the potential of a full structure determination of the cucumber virus. | 1987 | 3681982 |
| cytological abnormalities of mitochondria induced by infection with cucumber green mottle mosaic virus. | | 1971 | 4106982 |
| direct visualization of the rna location in cucumber green mottle mosaic virus and tobacco mosaic virus protein disk. | | 1974 | 4449136 |
| assembly of rod-shaped virus in vitro: reconstitution with cucumber green mottle mosaic virus protein and tobacco mosaic virus rna. | in vitro assembly of tobacco mosaic virus (tmv) from its constituent rna and protein occurs in two steps: formation of the initial complex by interaction of the 5'-end of tmv-rna with 20s protein aggregate, and growth of the helical rod by sequential addition of protein subunits.such a process was also observed in the assembly of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus, which is also a rodshaped virus. the 13s virus-protein aggregate, probably a single-ring structure, is needed for formation of the i ... | 1972 | 4509330 |
| chemical and immunological characterization of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (watermelon strain) protein. | | 1971 | 5001513 |
| mechanism of tobacco mosaic virus assembly: role of subunit and larger aggregate protein. | tobacco mosaic virus (tmv) was reconstituted from the rna of a common strain (om) and the protein of a watermelon strain of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (cgmmv-w), which is a member of the tobamovirus group. in 0.25 m phosphate buffer at 25 degrees c, cgmmv-w protein existed mainly as 21s aggregates. when this protein was mixed with om rna, complexes of short rods were formed but further elongation did not occur. after the addition of subunits in 0.1 m phosphate buffer at 25 degrees c, elo ... | 1982 | 6964390 |
| the complete nucleotide sequence and genome organization of odontoglossum ringspot tobamovirus rna. | the complete nucleotide sequence of the genomic rna of odontoglossum ringspot tobamovirus (orsv) was determined. the rna genome of orsv is 6618 nucleotides long and contains five open reading frames (orfs 1 to 5) coding for proteins of m(r) 126 k, 181 k, 34 k, 18 k and 52 k, respectively. this is the longest rna of the known viruses of the tobamovirus genus. the sequences of the orsv rna encoded proteins exhibit high homology to the proteins of the members of the tobamovirus genus. the genomic o ... | 1995 | 7487489 |
| self-assembling process of cylindrical virus coat proteins as observed by synchrotron small-angle x-ray scattering. | the self-assembly process of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (cgmmv) protein and tobacco mosaic virus (tmv) protein was examined by the thermodynamic analysis of small-angle x-ray scattering (saxs) data. each polymerization step of the coat proteins was assumed to be specified by a single equilibrium constant, and the equilibrium constant was evaluated by fitting the size and shape of the constituents observed by saxs to those calculated from an assumed polymerization scheme. the logarithmic ... | 1994 | 7982882 |
| electron microscopic and molecular characterization of turnip vein-clearing virus. | we recently isolated turnip vein-clearing virus (tvcv), a tobamovirus which causes vein clearing in brassica rapa (turnip) and a mosaic in nicotiana tabacum (tobacco). we present an electron microscopic and molecular characterization of tvcv. viral particles from lower epidermis peel contained rod-shaped viral particles, typical of tobamoviruses. viral rna extracted from infected turnip leaves was used as template for cdna synthesis prior to cloning in a plasmid vector. inserts of selected cdna ... | 1994 | 7998835 |
| nucleotide sequence analysis of a cdna clone encoding the 34k movement protein gene of odontoglossum ringspot virus, orsv-cy, the korean isolate. | the partial nucleotide sequence of the 3'-terminal region of the korean isolate of odontoglossum ringspot tobamovirus (orsv-cy) from cool-growing cymbidium was determined. the sequence contained a full length open reading frame (orf) coding for the viral cell-to-cell movement protein (mp). the orf was located upstream of the coat protein gene and 105 nucleotides longer than that of tobacco mosaic virus (tmv). the orf predicts a polypeptide chain of 303 amino acids with a molecular weight of 3357 ... | 1994 | 8000012 |
| immunosorbent electron microscopic studies on a tobamovirus causing brinjal necrotic mosaic. | serological relationships of brinjal necrotic mosaic virus (bnmv), a strain of tobacco mosaic virus (tmv) causing necrotic mosaic disease of brinjal in india to other tmv strains was investigated by immunosorbent electron microscopy (isem). the intensity of trapping and decoration revealed a close relationship of bnmv to tmv-d, tmv-u1 and tmv-wu1 strains, and a distant relationship to tmv-a1 and tmv-p11 strains. there was a negligible relationship to tmv-p14, tomato mosaic virus (tomv) and cucum ... | 1994 | 8067314 |
| structure determination of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus by x-ray fiber diffraction. significance for the evolution of tobamoviruses. | cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (cgmmv) is a rod-shaped virus of the tobacco mosaic virus (tmv) group. the structure of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus has been determined by fiber diffraction methods at 3.4 a resolution, and refined by molecular dynamics methods to an r factor of 0.093. disassembly of tmv is driven by the mutual repulsion of intersubunit carboxyl-carboxylate pairs, but one of these pairs is not conserved in cgmmv. an alternative pair, located about 5 a from the site of th ... | 1994 | 8201619 |
| the complete nucleotide sequence of odontoglossum ringspot virus (cy-1 strain) genomic rna. | the complete nucleotide sequence of the genomic rna of odontoglossum ringspot virus cy-1 strain (orsv cy-1) was determined using cloned cdna. this sequence is 6611 nucleotides long containing four open reading frames, which correspond to 126 k, 183 k, 31 k, and 18 k proteins. its genomic organization is similar to other tobamoviruses, tmv-v(vulgare), tmv-l (tomato strain), tobacco mild green mosaic virus (tmgmv) and cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (cgmmv). the 5' non-coding regions of orsv cy ... | 1995 | 8789059 |
| structural analysis of a-protein of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus and tobacco mosaic virus by synchrotron small-angle x-ray scattering. | the size and shape of a-protein of tobacco mosaic virus coat protein (tmvp) and cucumber green mottle mosaic virus coat protein (cgmmvp) were evaluated by means of small-angle x-ray scattering (saxs) using a synchrotron radiation source, complemented by electron microscopic observations. the results imply that tmv and cgmmv a-proteins are composed of three and two subunits, respectively, stacked in the shape of an isosceles triangular prism at lower ionic strength. considering the difference of ... | 1997 | 9112608 |
| tobacco mosaic virus particle structure and the initiation of disassembly. | the structure of an intact tobacco mosaic virus (tmv) particle was determined at 2.9 a resolution using fibre diffraction methods. all residues of the coat protein and the three nucleotides of rna that are bound to each protein subunit were visible in the electron density map. examination of the structures of tmv, cucumber green mottle mosaic virus and ribgrass mosaic virus, and site-directed mutagenesis experiments in which carboxylate groups were changed to the corresponding amides, showed tha ... | 1999 | 10212934 |
| differences of reconstitution process between tobacco mosaic virus and cucumber green mottle mosaic virus by synchrotron small angle x-ray scattering using low-temperature quenching. | the differences of the reconstitution process of tobacco mosaic virus (tmv) and its mutant, cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (cgmmv) were investigated by the solution x-ray scattering measurements with the synchrotron radiation source using low-temperature quenching. the reconstitution in an aqueous solution is completely stopped below 5 degrees c. the tmv and cgmmv assembly was traced by the small-angle x-ray scattering (saxs) measurements at 5 degrees c on a series of solutions prepared by l ... | 1999 | 10691191 |
| structural analysis of the coat protein of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus. | using reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography, two components of the coat protein of isolate no. 3 of the cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (cgmmv, cucumber strain), cp1 (minor) and cp2 (major), were isolated and characterized by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tofms). in the cp2 mass spectrum, two polypeptides with mr of 16,727.0 and 16,813.5 were detected. by edman degradation in combination with mass spectrometry, the primary ... | 2000 | 10851034 |
| zucchini green mottle mosaic virus is a new tobamovirus; comparison of its coat protein gene with that of kyuri green mottle mosaic virus. | a novel virus we call zucchini green mottle mosaic virus (zgmmv) was isolated from zucchini squash and its properties were determined. the size and shape of its virions, and other properties suggest that the virus is a tobamovirus. the coat protein (cp) genes of zgmmv and kyuri green mottle mosaic virus (kgmmv), which also infects zucchini squash plants, were cloned and their nucleotides sequences were determined. the cp genes of zgmmv and kgmmv are composed of 161 amino acid residues, and they ... | 2000 | 11205120 |
| plant virus cdna chip hybridization for detection and differentiation of four cucurbit-infecting tobamoviruses. | a plant virus cdna chip was developed by using viral cdna clones and microarray technology. the cdna chip was designed for detection and differentiation of the four species of selected cucurbit-infecting tobamoviruses [target viruses: cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (cgmmv); cucumber fruit mottle mosaic virus (cfmmv); kyuri green mottle mosaic virus (kgmmv); and zucchini green mottle mosaic virus (zgmmv)]. the chip consisted of cdna clones of the four cucurbit-infecting tobamoviruses, two tar ... | 2003 | 12757916 |
| destruction of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus by heat treatment and rapid detection of virus inactivation by rt-pcr. | heat treatment is commonly used to control viral contamination of seeds. to study virus inactivation, virus was purified from seeds contaminated with cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (cgmmv) after various heat treatments. cgmmv particles were observed to be physically disrupted by high temperature. analysis of viral rna revealed that the 5' and 3' termini of the genome were protected whereas regions between 2-2.5, 3.2-3.7 and 4-4.8 kb from the 5' terminus were not. heat inactivation of virus o ... | 2003 | 14744024 |
| nucleotide sequences of two korean isolates of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus. | the nucleotide sequences of the genomic rnas of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus korean watermelon isolate (cgmmv-kw) and korean oriental melon isolate (cgmmv-kom) were determined and compared to the sequences of other tobamoviruses including cgmmv strains w and sh. each cgmmv isolate had a genome of 6,424 nucleotides. each also had 60 and 176 nucleotides of 5' and 3' untranslated regions (utrs), respectively, and four open reading frames (orf1-4). orfs 1 to 4 encode proteins of 129, 186, 29, ... | 2003 | 14744034 |
| analysis of the systemic colonization of cucumber plants by cucumber green mottle mosaic virus. | systemic movement of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (cgmmv) in cucumber plants was shown to be from photoassimilate source to sink, thus indicating phloem transport. nevertheless, cgmmv was not detected by immunocytochemical procedures in the intermediary cell-sieve element complex in inoculated cotyledons, where photoassimilate loading occurs. in stem internodes, cgmmv was first localized in the companion cells of the external phloem and subsequently in all tissues except the medulla, there ... | 2004 | 14993661 |
| a simplified method for obtaining plant viral rna for rt-pcr. | an easy and fast procedure (named the simple-direct-tube (sdt) method) was developed for preparing plant virus rna for cdna synthesis. the sdt method can be completed in approximately 15min and does not require the use of antiserum, filtering or centrifugation. the procedure to grind plant tissues in phosphate-buffered saline containing tween-20 (pbst) and to place the extract in a microfuge tube for a few minutes allow adsorption of the virus particles to the tube wall. the sap is then removed ... | 2005 | 15737418 |
| transgenic watermelon rootstock resistant to cgmmv (cucumber green mottle mosaic virus) infection. | in watermelon, grafting of seedlings to rootstocks is necessary because watermelon roots are less viable than the rootstock. moreover, commercially important watermelon varieties require disease-resistant rootstocks to reduce total watermelon yield losses due to infection with viruses such as cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (cgmmv). therefore, we undertook to develop a cgmmv-resistant watermelon rootstock using a cdna encoding the cgmmv coat protein gene (cgmmv-cp), and successfully transform ... | 2005 | 16136267 |
| the full-length clone of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus and its application as an expression system for hepatitis b surface antigen. | a cucumber green mosaic mottle virus (cgmmv) full-length clone was developed for the expression of hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag). the expression of the surface displayed hbsag by the chimeric virus was confirmed through a double antibody sandwich elisa. assessment of the coat protein composition of the chimeric virus particles by sds-page analysis showed that 50% of the coat proteins were fused to the hbsag. biological activity of the expressed hbsag was assessed through the stimulation of ... | 2006 | 16271415 |
| [characteristics of green mottle mosaic virus isolates in cucumbers from different regions of ukraine]. | isolates of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (cgmmv) obtained from three greenhouses of ukraine were identified. the rabbit antisera have been obtained for these isolates. these antisera can be used for diagnostics of cgmmv in plant material by indirect elisa. an analysis of cdna sequences of capsid protein of these viruses confirmed that they might be grouped into the novel strain of cgmmv. | 2005 | 16493891 |
| correlation between particle multiplicity and location on virion rna of the assembly initiation site for viruses of the tobacco mosaic virus group. | the initiation site for reconstitution on genome rna was determined by electron microscopic serology for a watermelon strain of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (cgmmv-w), which is chemically and serologically related to tobacco mosaic virus (tmv). the initiation site was located at the same position as that of the cowpea strain, a virus that produces short rods of encapsidated subgenomic messenger rna for the coat protein (a two-component tmv), being about 320 nucleotides away from the 3' ter ... | 1981 | 16593057 |
| elongation in the major direction of tobacco mosaic virus assembly. | butler and lomonossoff [butler, p. j. g. & lomonossoff, g. p. (1978) j. mol. biol. 126, 877-882] claim that the elongation in the major direction (3'-->5') proceeds by incorporation of disk protein in tobacco mosaic virus (tmv) assembly. the strongest argument they have for this theory is the periodicity of 50 or 100 nucleotides that they observed in the banding pattern of the protected rnas during the first few minutes of the assembly reaction. we repeated their experiment using tmv-om (a commo ... | 1985 | 16593565 |
| response of membrane-bound mg-activated atpase of tobacco leaves to tobacco mosaic virus. | infectious material was formed at an early stage, and migrated into the mesophyll from the epidermis of tobacco leaves (nicotiana tabacum cv. samsun nn) during the period of 1 to 3 hours after inoculation with tobacco mosaic virus (tmv). the activity of membrane-bound mg(2+)-activated atpase from the mesophyll was stimulated two to four times within 30 minutes after inoculation with 1.0 microgram per milliliter of tmv. maximum tmv stimulation of membrane-bound mg(2+)-activated atpase activity in ... | 1978 | 16660595 |
| evidence for plant viruses in the region of argentina islands, antarctica. | this work focused on the assessment of plant virus occurrence among primitive and higher plants in the antarctic region. sampling occurred during two seasons (2004/5 and 2005/6) at the ukrainian antarctic station 'academician vernadskiy' positioned on argentina islands. collected plant samples of four moss genera (polytrichum, plagiatecium, sanionia and barbilophozia) and one higher monocot plant species, deschampsia antarctica, were further subjected to enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to test ... | 2007 | 17328120 |
| transgenic nicotiana benthamiana plants resistant to cucumber green mottle mosaic virus based on rna silencing. | rna silencing technology was used to confer resistance to cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (cgmmv). nicotiana benthamiana was transformed with a transgene designed to produce an inverted repeat rna containing cgmmv-coat protein gene (cp) sequences, which were separated by an intron sequence, under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35s promoter. we attempted to confirm the resistance of seven independent transgenic lines; five lines showed resistance to cgmmv infection. the systemic s ... | 2007 | 17453214 |
| studies on the conformation of a polyelectrolyte in solution: local conformation of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus rna compared with tobacco mosaic virus rna. | the thermal stability of the local structures of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus rna, cgmmv-rna, and tobacco mosaic virus rna, tmv-rna, was studied by circular dichroism (cd) and small-angle x-ray scattering (saxs) and compared with each other in the temperature domain from 20 to 50 degrees c. the temperature dependence of the molar ellipticity and mean-square radius of the cross section of a chain shows that the structure of cgmmv-rna is more vulnerable than that of tmv-rna. such a different ... | 2007 | 17477558 |
| [specifics of the coat protein gene in russian strains of the cucumber green mottle mosaic virus]. | the primary structure of the coat protein (cp) gene was examined for pathogenic strain ms-1 and vaccine strain virog-43m of the cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (cgmmv). in cp amino acid composition, strains ms-1 and virog-43m are typical representatives of cgmmv: their cps have 98-100% homology to cps of other tobamoviruses of the group. the cp gene has the same nucleotide composition in pathogenic ms-1 and vaccine virog-43m, indicating that strain attenuation is not determined by this gene. ... | 2007 | 18186184 |
| real time taqman rt-pcr assay for the detection of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus. | a real time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) was developed for efficient detection of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (cgmmv). the method was designed to use a duo-primer system with a taqman probe targeting the conserved sequence in 3' noncoding region (ncr) of cgmmv to detect isolates of this virus collected in china. the sensitivity of the real time rt-pcr assay was 0.13 pg of total rna or 50 molecules of rna transcripts. this level of sensitivity indicated that the ... | 2008 | 18359519 |
| nucleotide sequence of the coat protein cistron and the 3' noncoding region of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (watermelon strain) rna. | double-stranded cdna copies of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (watermelon strain, cgmmv-w) rna polyadenylated in vitro were cloned into the pbr322 at the psti site. the sequence of 1071 nucleotides from the tend of the genomic rna was determined using two recombinant plasmids and the genomic rna. the coat protein cistron was located in residues 176-661 from the 3' end. the coat protein was composed of 160 amino acid residues with the molecular weight of 17,261. the 3' noncoding region of the ... | 1983 | 18638996 |
| engineering of the membrane of fibroblast cells with virus-specific antibodies: a novel biosensor tool for virus detection. | a novel concept for the assay of viral antigens is described. the methodological approach is based on a membrane-engineering process involving the electroinsertion of virus-specific antibodies in the membranes of fibroblast cells. as a representative example, vero fibroblasts were engineered with antibodies against cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) and used for the construction of an ultra-sensitive miniature cell biosensor system. the attachment of a homologous virus triggered specific changes to the ... | 2008 | 18693110 |
| genome structure and production of biologically active in vitro transcripts of cucurbit-infecting zucchini green mottle mosaic virus. | abstract the complete nucleotide sequence of the zucchini green mottle mosaic virus (zgmmv), a new member of the genus tobamovirus, has been determined. the genome of zgmmv is 6,513 nucleotides long and contains four open reading frames coding for proteins of 131, 189, 28, and 17 kda from the 5' to 3' end, respectively. the 5'- and 3'-non-translated regions consist of 59 and 163 residues, respectively. the sequences of the viral proteins exhibit high identity to the proteins of the members of th ... | 2002 | 18943088 |
| biological and molecular characterization of a new cucurbit-infecting tobamovirus. | abstract an uncharacterized virus was isolated from greenhouse-grown cucumber plants. biological and serological data described in the present study indicated that the virus belonged in the genus tobamovirus. the host range of the virus included several plant species within the family cucurbitaceae. the virus designated cucumber fruit mottle mosaic virus (cfmmv) causes severe mottling or mosaic on cucumber fruits, and its fast spread within greenhouses could lead to significant economic losses i ... | 2001 | 18943945 |
| virus-specific read-through codon preference affects infectivity of chimeric cucumber green mottle mosaic viruses displaying a dengue virus epitope. | a cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (cgmmv) was used to present a truncated dengue virus type 2 envelope (e) protein binding region from amino acids 379 to 423 (eb4). the eb4 gene was inserted at the terminal end of the cgmmv coat protein (cp) open reading frame (orf). read-through sequences of tmv or cgmmv, caa-uag-caa-uua, or aaa-uag-caa-uua were, respectively, inserted in between the cp and the eb4 genes. the chimeric clones, prt, prg, and pcg+fsrtre, were transcribed into full-length capped ... | 2009 | 19325913 |
| [complete genomic sequence of a watermelon isolate of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus in northern china]. | the complete genomic sequence of a watermelon isolate of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (cgmmv-ln) in liaoning province was determined and compared with other cucurbit-infecting tobamoviruses. the genomic rna of cgmmv-ln comprised 6422 nt, and 5'- and 3'- noncoding regions consisted of 59 nt and 175 nt, respectively. the encoded four proteins were two replicase proteins of 186 kd and 129 kd, move protein of 29 kd and coat protein of 17.4 kd. the alignment results of complete nucleotide seque ... | 2009 | 19437890 |
| structure of hibiscus latent singapore virus by fiber diffraction: a nonconserved his122 contributes to coat protein stability. | hibiscus latent singapore virus (hlsv) is a rigid rod-shaped plant virus and a new member of the tobamovirus family. unlike all other tobamoviruses, the hlsv genome contains a unique poly(a) tract in its 3' untranslated region. the virion is composed of a monomeric coat protein (cp) unit of 18 kda, arranged as a right-handed helix around the virus axis. we have determined the structure of hlsv at 3.5 å by x-ray fiber diffraction and refined it to an r-factor of 0.096. while the overall structure ... | 2010 | 21195089 |
| monoclonal antibody-based serological methods for detection of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus. | abstract: background: cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (cgmmv), a member of the genus tobamovirus, can be transmitted by seeds and infects many cucurbit species, causing serious yield losses in cucumber and watermelon plants. in this paper, five serological methods including antigen-coated plate enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (acp-elisa), triple antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (tas-elisa), dot-immunobinding assay (dbia), direct tissue blot immunoassay (dtbia) and immunoc ... | 2011 | 21569615 |
| optical sensing method for screening disease in melon seeds by using optical coherence tomography. | we report a noble optical sensing method to diagnose seed abnormalities using optical coherence tomography (oct). melon seeds infected with cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (cgmmv) were scanned by oct. the cross-sectional sensed area of the abnormal seeds showed an additional subsurface layer under the surface which is not found in normal seeds. the presence of cgmmv in the sample was examined by a blind test (n = 140) and compared by the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. the ab ... | 2011 | 22163706 |
| development of transgenic watermelon resistant to cucumber mosaic virus and watermelon mosaic virus by using a single chimeric transgene construct. | watermelon, an important fruit crop worldwide, is prone to attack by several viruses that often results in destructive yield loss. to develop a transgenic watermelon resistant to multiple virus infection, a single chimeric transgene comprising a silencer dna from the partial n gene of watermelon silver mottle virus (wsmov) fused to the partial coat protein (cp) gene sequences of cucumber mosaic virus (cmv), cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (cgmmv) and watermelon mosaic virus (wmv) was construc ... | 2011 | 22203520 |
| high-throughput sequencing identifies novel and conserved cucumber (cucumis sativus l.) micrornas in response to cucumber green mottle mosaic virus infection. | seedlings of cucumis sativus l. (cv. 'zhongnong 16') were artificially inoculated with cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (cgmmv) at the three-true-leaf stage. leaf and flower samples were collected at different time points post-inoculation (10, 30 and 50 d), and processed by high throughput sequencing analysis to identify candidate mirna sequences. bioinformatic analysis using screening criteria, and secondary structure prediction, indicated that 8 novel and 23 known mirnas (including 15 mirnas ... | 2015 | 26076360 |
| development of an agroinoculation system for full-length and gfp-tagged cdna clones of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus. | the complete 6243-nucleotide sequence of a cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (cgmmv) isolate from bottle gourd in zhejiang province, china, was determined. a full-length cdna clone of this isolate was constructed by inserting the cdna between the 35s promoter and the ribozyme in the binary plasmid pcb301-ch. a suspension of an agrobacterium tumefaciens eha105 clone carrying this construct was highly infectious in nicotiana benthamiana and bottle gourd. another infectious clone containing the gr ... | 2015 | 26323263 |
| molecular analysis of transgenic melon plants showing virus resistance conferred by direct repeat of movement gene of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus. | cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (cgmmv) is a major limiting factor in the production of melon plants worldwide. for effective control of this virus using the transgenic approach, the direct repeat of the movement protein gene of cgmmv was used for transforming melon plants by agrobacterium tumefaciens. pcr and southern blot analyses of t₃ confirmed that they carried the transgene. northern blot analysis with total rna showed that transgene transcript rna as well as sirna was observed in all p ... | 2012 | 22350408 |
| establishment of an agrobacterium-mediated inoculation system for cucumber green mottle mosaic virus. | the infectious full-length cdna clones of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (cgmmv) isolates kw and kom, which were isolated from watermelon and oriental melon, respectively, were constructed under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35s promoter. we successfully inoculated nicotiana benthamiana with the cloned cgmmv isolates kw and kom by agrobacterium-mediated infiltration. virulence and symptomatic characteristics of the cloned cgmmv isolates kw and kom were tested on several indicat ... | 2015 | 26674677 |
| first complete genome sequence of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus isolated from australia. | we present here the first complete genome sequence of the tobamovirus cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (cgmmv) from australia, obtained from an infected cucumber plant. compared with other cgmmv genomes, its closest nucleotide identities were 99.6% to kp772568, 99.3% to kf155229, and 99.1% to dq767631 from canada, israel, and india, respectively. | 2017 | 28336589 |
| a cgmmv genome-replicon vector with partial sequences of coat protein gene efficiently expresses gfp in nicotiana benthamiana. | a highly infectious clone of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (cgmmv), a cucurbit-infecting tobamovirus was utilized for designing of gene expression vectors. two versions of vector were examined for their efficacy in expressing the green fluorescent protein (gfp) in nicotiana benthamiana. when the gfp gene was inserted at the stop codon of coat protein (cp) gene of the cgmmv genome without any read-through codon, systemic expression of gfp, as well as virion formation and systemic symptoms ex ... | 2017 | 28263842 |
| colorimetric detection of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus using unmodified gold nanoparticles as colorimetric probes. | cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (cgmmv)causes a severe mosaic symptom of watermelon and cucumber, and can be transmitted via infected cucumber seeds, leaves and soil. it remains a challenge to detect this virus to prevent its introduction and infection and spread in fields. for this purpose, a simple and sensitive label-free colorimetric detection method for cgmmv has been developed with unmodified gold nanoparticles (aunps) as colorimetric probes. the method is based on the finding that the ... | 2017 | 28109844 |
| genetic variation and population structure of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus. | cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (cgmmv) is a single-stranded, positive sense rna virus infecting cucurbitaceous plants. in recent years, cgmmv has become an important pathogen of cucurbitaceous crops including watermelon, pumpkin, cucumber and bottle gourd in china, causing serious losses to their production. in this study, we surveyed cgmmv infection in various cucurbitaceous crops grown in zhejiang province and in several seed lots purchased from local stores with the dot enzyme-linked immu ... | 2017 | 28054163 |
| complete nucleotide sequences and construction of full-length infectious cdna clones of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (cgmmv) in a versatile newly developed binary vector including both 35s and t7 promoters. | seed-transmitted viruses have caused significant damage to watermelon crops in korea in recent years, with cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (cgmmv) infection widespread as a result of infected seed lots. to determine the likely origin of cgmmv infection, we collected cgmmv isolates from watermelon and melon fields and generated full-length infectious cdna clones. the full-length cdnas were cloned into newly constructed binary vector pjy, which includes both the 35s and t7 promoters for versati ... | 2017 | 27913980 |
| different virus-derived sirnas profiles between leaves and fruits in cucumber green mottle mosaic virus-infected lagenaria siceraria plants. | rna silencing is an evolutionarily conserved antiviral mechanism, through which virus-derived small interfering rnas (vsirnas) playing roles in host antiviral defense are produced in virus-infected plant. deep sequencing technology has revolutionized the study on the interaction between virus and plant host through the analysis of vsirnas profile. however, comparison of vsirna profiles in different tissues from a same host plant has been rarely reported. in this study, the profiles of vsirnas fr ... | 2016 | 27881977 |
| [phylogenetic and bioinformatics analysis of replicase gene sequence of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus]. | the replicase genes of five isolates of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus from jiangsu, zhejiang, hunan and beijing were amplificated, sequenced and analyzed. the similarities of nucleotide acid sequences indicated that 129 kd and 57 kd replicase genes of cgmmv-no. 1, cgmmv-no. 2, cgmmv-no. 3, cgmmv-no. 4 and cgmmv-no. 5 were 99.64% and 99.74%, respectively. the similarities of 129 kd and 57 kd replicase genes of cgmmv-no. 1, cgmmv-no. 3 and cgmmv-no. 4 were 99.95% and 99.94%, while they were l ... | 2015 | 26951006 |
| quantitative proteomics identifies 38 proteins that are differentially expressed in cucumber in response to cucumber green mottle mosaic virus infection. | since it was first reported in 1935, cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (cgmmv) has become a serious pathogen in a range of cucurbit crops. the virus is generally transmitted by propagation materials, and to date no effective chemical or cultural methods of control have been developed to combat its spread. the current study presents a preliminary analysis of the pathogenic mechanisms from the perspective of protein expression levels in an infected cucumber host, with the objective of elucidating ... | 2015 | 26666291 |
| characterization of sirnas derived from cucumber green mottle mosaic virus in infected cucumber plants. | virus-derived small interfering rnas (vsirnas) of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (cgmmv), a member of the genus tobamovirus, were characterised in cucumber plants by deep sequencing. cgmmv vsirnas of 21-22 nt in length predominated, suggesting that there might be a conserved mechanism of dcl2 and dcl4 involvement in the biogenesis of vsirnas, as well as a common rna silencing pathway in cgmmv-infected cucumber plants. the 5'-terminal base of vsirnas was biased towards c/a/u, suggesting that ... | 2016 | 26586331 |
| characterisation and diagnosis of frangipani mosaic virus from india. | frangipani mosaic virus (frmv) is known to infect frangipani tree (plumeria rubra f. acutifolia) in india but the virus has not been characterized at genomic level and diagnosis is not available. in the present study, an isolate of frmv (frmv-ind-1) showing greenish mosaic and vein-banding symptoms in p. rubra f. acutifolia in new delhi was characterized based on host reactions, serology and genome sequence. the virus isolate induced local symptoms on several new experimental host species: capsi ... | 2015 | 26239043 |
| development of a fluorescent in situ hybridization (fish) technique for visualizing cgmmv in plant tissues. | cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (cgmmv), which belongs to the genus tobamovirus, is a major pathogen of cucurbit crops grown indoors and in open fields. currently, immunology (e.g., elisa) and molecular amplification techniques (e.g., rt-pcr) are employed extensively for virus detection in plant tissues and commercial seed lots diagnostics. in this study, a fluorescent in situ hybridization (fish) technique, using oligonucleotides whose 5'-terminals were labeled with red cyanine 3 (cy3) or gr ... | 2015 | 26231788 |
| first complete genome sequence of an emerging cucumber green mottle mosaic virus isolate in north america. | the complete genome sequence (6,423 nucleotides [nt]) of an emerging cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (cgmmv) isolate on cucumber in north america was determined through deep sequencing of small (srna) and rapid amplification of cdna ends. the virus shares 99% nucleotide sequence identity with the asian genotype but only 90% with the european genotype. | 2015 | 25953166 |
| comparison of three magnetic-bead-based rna extraction methods for detection of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus by real-time rt-pcr. | to determine the efficiency of rna extraction methods based on magnetic beads, three different bead-based methods (one using silica-coated magnetic beads [smnp], one using immunomagnetic beads conjugated to a specific antibody [imb], and one using magnetic beads to nonspecifically adsorb virions [mnp]) were compared with the trizol method for the extraction of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (cgmmv) rna from cucumber leaves by real-time rt-pcr. the results indicated that the extraction effici ... | 2015 | 25951973 |
| completion sequence and cloning of the infectious cdna of a chb isolate of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus. | cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (cgmmv) is an important and widespread seed-borne virus that infects cucurbitaceous plants. it is a member of the genus tobamovirus in the family virgaviridae with a monopartite (+) ssrna genome. here we report the complete genome sequence, construction and testing of the infectious clones of a chb isolate of cgmmv. full-length cgmmv cdna was cloned into the vector puc19. the linearized vector containing full-length cdna was used as template for in vitro transc ... | 2015 | 25790051 |
| first report of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus association with the leaf green mosaic disease of a vegetable crop, luffa acutangula l. | | 2014 | 25283869 |
| simultaneous multiplex pcr detection of seven cucurbit-infecting viruses. | two multiplex polymerase chain reaction (pcr) systems using dual priming oligonucleotide (dpo) primers were developed for the simultaneous detection of seven cucurbit-infecting viruses. one system allows for the detection of papaya ringspot virus, watermelon mosaic virus, and zucchini yellow mosaic virus, whereas the other permits the detection of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus, cucumber fruit mottle mosaic virus, kyuri green mottle mosaic virus, and zucchini green mottle mosaic virus. viral ... | 2014 | 24937806 |
| occurrence and molecular characterization of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus in cucurbit crops of kpk, pakistan. | field survey of the cucurbit crops revealed a high incidence of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (cgmmv) in khyber pakhtunkhwa province (kpk), pakistan. among the seven districts surveyed, average percent incidence of cgmmv was recorded up to 58.1% in district nowshera, followed by 51.1% in district charsada, 40.5% in district swabi and 37.3% in district mardan. in swat and dir districts average incidence cgmmv was recorded upto 31.2% and 29.4%, respectively. among the different crops highest ... | 2014 | 25763028 |
| one-step reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification for the rapid detection of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus. | cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (cgmmv) has caused serious damage to cucurbitaceae crops worldwide. the virus is considered one of the most serious cucurbitaceae quarantine causes in many countries. in this study, a highly efficient and practical one-step reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (rt-lamp) was developed for the detection of cgmmv. the total rna or crude rna extracted from watermelon plants or seeds could be detected easily by this rt-lamp assay. the rt-lamp ... | 2013 | 23933076 |
| pseudomonas oleovorans strain kbpf-004 culture supernatants reduced seed transmission of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus and pepper mild mottle virus, and remodeled aggregation of 126 kda and subcellular localization of movement protein of pepper mild mottle virus. | efforts to control viral diseases in crop production include several types of physical or chemical treatments; antiviral extracts of a number of plants have also been examined to inhibit plant viral infection. however, treatments utilizing naturally selected microorganisms with activity against plant viruses are poorly documented. here we report isolation of a soil inhabiting bacterium, pseudomonas oleovorans strain kbpf-004 (developmental code knf2016) which showed antiviral activity against me ... | 2017 | 28811756 |
| cucumber green mottle mosaic virus: rapidly increasing global distribution, etiology, epidemiology, and management. | cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (cgmmv) was first described in 1935 infecting cucumber, making it one of the first plant viruses to be studied. its initial distribution occurred out of england to other countries. this was followed by its distribution from england and these other countries to additional countries. this process increased slowly between 1935 and 1985, faster between 1986 and 2006, and rapidly between 2007 and 2016. the discovery that it diminished cucurbit fruit yields and quali ... | 2017 | 28590876 |
| exploring different mutations at a single amino acid position of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus replicase to attain stable symptom attenuation. | cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (cgmmv) is a member of the genus tobamovirus (family virgaviridae) that causes serious economic losses in cucurbit crops. a possibility for cgmmv control is the use of cross-protection, for which stable attenuated isolates are required. in this study, an infectious clone was constructed for the hn isolate of cgmmv. unexpectedly, this clone carried a nonconserved mutation involving a single nucleotide change resulting in the replacement of arg by cys at residue ... | 2017 | 28545349 |
| genome-wide identification of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus-responsive micrornas in watermelon. | cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (cgmmv) is a damaging pathogen that attacks crop plants belonging to the family cucurbitaceae. little is known about the regulatory role of micrornas (mirnas) in response to cgmmv infection. to identify cgmmv-responsive mirnas, two srna libraries from mock-inoculated and cgmmv-infected watermelon leaves were constructed and sequenced using solexa sequencing technology. in total, 471 previously known and 1,809 novel mirnas were obtained, of which 377 known and 2 ... | 2017 | 28488082 |