| characterization of the capsid and cylindrical inclusion proteins of three strains of turnip mosaic virus. | | 1975 | 803740 |
| co2 effects on local-lesion production by tobacco mosaic virus and turnip mosaic virus. | | 1975 | 1129950 |
| capsid protein heterogeneity in turnip mosaic virus. | | 1976 | 1258374 |
| establishment of hybridoma cell line secreting specific monoclonal antibodies against turnip mosaic virus and analysis of properties of the mcab. | monoclonal antibodies (mcab) of hybridomas derived from the fusing of the mouse splenocytes immunized by tumv with balb/c mouse myeloma cells (sp2/0-ag14). five kinds of hybridoma cell line were produced by indirect-elisa screening and cloning three times with limiting dilution. four kinds of hybridoma produced antibodies respectively reactive to tumv c1, c3, c4 and c5. one kind was reactive to all five strains of tumv. in indirect-elisa and sandwich-elisa tests, tumv specific monoclonal antibod ... | 1992 | 1343828 |
| localization of cauliflower mosaic virus in the cell nucleus of brassica pekinensis l. | cauliflower mosaic virus (camv) particles were observed in the nuclei of xylem parenchyma cells in brassica pekinensis l. doubly infected by camv and turnip mosaic virus (tumv). camv particles were aggregated in the nucleoplasm but not embedded in viroplasms. this phenomenon was not detected in cell nuclei of mesophyll tissue. typical features associated with infection by either camv or tumv normally occurred in the cytoplasm of cells of both tissues: two types of viroplasms with embedded camv p ... | 1992 | 1410828 |
| the complete nucleotide sequence of turnip mosaic potyvirus rna. | the complete rna genome of turnip mosaic potyvirus (tumv) was amplified by seven consecutive reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reactions and cloned into puc9. the viral rna is 9830 nucleotides long and contains a single open reading frame (orf) of 9489 bases encoding a large polyprotein of 3863 amino acids with a calculated m(r) of 358,000. the non-coding region (ncr) preceding the orf is 129 nucleotides long and has a high au content (70%). its predicted secondary structure is characterize ... | 1992 | 1431807 |
| on the variability of the 3' terminal sequence of the turnip mosaic virus genome. | the sequence of the 3'-terminal 1223 nucleotides (nts) of a japanese isolate of turnip mosaic virus (tumv-jap) rna has been determined. the sequence reveals a single open reading frame (orf) which terminates at a position 212 nts upstream of the 3' poly(a)-tract. determination of the n-terminal amino acids of tumv-jap coat protein (cp) mapped the cp cistron within this orf and revealed a glu-ala dipeptide sequence as the putative cleavage site by which the cp is released from the viral polyprote ... | 1992 | 1524495 |
| release of a 22-kda protein derived from the amino-terminal domain of the 49-kda nia of turnip mosaic potyvirus in escherichia coli. | the coding region for the precursor 6k-small nuclear inclusion a (nia) protein and for the nia protein of turnip mosaic potyvirus (tumv) were introduced into the plasmid pet-11d for high-level expression in escherichia coli. sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page) and immunoblot analyses of e. coli proteins showed that the nia protein underwent endoproteolysis and released a 22-kda polypeptide. nh2-terminal amino acid sequencing of the recombinant 22-kda protein was ... | 1992 | 1529552 |
| the use of pcr for cloning of large cdna fragments of turnip mosaic potyvirus. | a method is described whereby turnip mosaic virus rna (tumv rna) was reverse transcribed and the resulting cdna amplified enzymatically using the taq dna polymerase and degenerate oligonucleotide primers. two degenerate oligonucleotide primers based on regions of homology in the amino acid sequence of the cytoplasmic inclusion protein and the nuclear inclusion b protein from five potyviruses were synthesized. polymerase chain reactions utilizing these degenerate primers in association with speci ... | 1991 | 1712363 |
| [synthesis and molecular cloning of the cdna of tumv-rna]. | tumv particles were purified from artificially infected leaves of brassica juneaen, and tumv-rna was extracted from these particles. the virus thus purified showed typical nucleoprotein absorbent peak under uv light scanning, and the ratio of a260/a280 was 1.21. the rna thus prepared showed typical ribonucleic acid absorbent peak, and the ratio of a260/a280 was 2.2. the rna was then used as template of oligo (dt) 12-18 together with the end product of dnase digested calf thymus dna were used as ... | 1991 | 1768457 |
| the establishment of rat hybridoma cell lines secreting mcab against strains of potato virus y and analysis of its stability. | the rat splenocytes immunized with potato virus y (pvyn) and ratmyeloma (ir983) were fused by peg (m. w.1450). three kinds of stable hybridoma cell lines secreting specific monoclonal antibodies (mcabs) were derived. one kind of the cell lines producing mcabs reacts to pvyn specifically. another reacts to pvyo specifically. the third one reacts to both of the two strains. tested by the methods of sandwich-elisa and indirect-elisa, all kinds of mcabs did not react to seven plant viruses: tobacco ... | 1990 | 2104212 |
| molecular cloning and nucleotide sequence of coat protein gene of turnip mosaic virus. | | 1990 | 2129553 |
| sequence of the 3'-terminal region of turnip mosaic virus rna and the capsid protein gene. | a sequence of 1801 nucleotides originating from the 3' end region of turnip mosaic virus (tumv) rna was cloned using the polymerase chain reaction and found to contain one long open reading frame (orf). the amino acid sequence of three different regions of the isolated tumv capsid protein (including the nh2 terminus) was determined and these partial sequences were found in the translation product predicted to be encoded by the large orf. the data suggested that the tumv capsid protein was a prod ... | 1990 | 2254757 |
| a beneficial effect of trypsin on the purification of turnip mosaic virus (tumv) and other potyviruses. | the effects of treatment with trypsin during the purification of turnip mosaic virus (tumv), on virus yield, infectivity and integrity of virus coat protein were examined. trypsin increased yield markedly, and at a low concentration, increased infectivity. these effects were probably due to reduced aggregation of virus particles. at higher concentrations of trypsin, there was some degradation of virus coat protein, and infectivity was reduced. treatment with trypsin at the optimum concentration ... | 1988 | 3397402 |
| multiple transverse breakage of the filamentous particles of turnip mosaic virus by ultrasonic vibration. | | 1965 | 4957392 |
| effects of ultrasonic treatment on turnip mosaic virus and potato virus x. | | 1967 | 4960986 |
| biochemical properties of turnip mosaic virus. | | 1972 | 5012652 |
| purification of turnip mosaic virus by gel filtration. | | 1968 | 5683532 |
| characterization of epitopes recognized by monoclonal antibodies to aphid transmissible and non-transmissible strains of turnip mosaic virus. | fourteen monoclonal antibodies (mabs) were prepared against two strains of turnip mosaic virus (tumv) differing in aphid transmissibility. serological specificity of fourteen mabs against the two strains was tested by indirect elisa. three mabs were able to distinguish aphid transmissible tumv strain 1 from non-aphid transmissible strain 31 while four mabs reacted only with strain 31. no cross-reactivity between the two strains was found using these specific mabs. based upon the ability of mab t ... | 1993 | 7694566 |
| a single amino acid substitution at n-terminal region of coat protein of turnip mosaic virus alters antigenicity and aphid transmissibility. | the antigenic activity of the n-terminal region of coat protein of turnip mosaic virus (tumv) aphid transmissible strain 1 and non-transmissible strain 31 was examined by using a panel of monoclonal antibodies (mabs) raised against the two virus strains as well as antisera raised against several synthetic peptides from the n-terminal region of the protein. the reactivity of these antibodies was tested in elisa and in a biosensor system (biacore pharmacia) using virus particles, dissociated coat ... | 1995 | 7733819 |
| purification of turnip mosaic potyvirus viral protein genome-linked proteinase expressed in escherichia coli and development of a quantitative assay for proteolytic activity. | the 49-kda, nuclear inclusion a-like, viral protein genome-linked proteinase (vpg-pro) of turnip mosaic potyvirus (tumv) was expressed in escherichia coli. the protein was produced in a soluble form at high levels and was active, as demonstrated by intermolecular cleavage of the polymerase capsid protein (pol-cp) substrate. the vpg-pro was purified by metal-chelation and ion-exchange chromatographies. two forms of vpg-pro, which differed in molecular masses, were obtained during isolation; their ... | 1995 | 7744020 |
| nucleic acid-binding properties of the p1 protein of turnip mosaic potyvirus produced in escherichia coli. | the n-terminal p1 protein of turnip mosaic potyvirus (tumv) polyprotein was overexpressed in escherichia coli, purified by metal chelation chromatography under denaturing conditions and renatured. u.v. cross-linking experiments indicated that the recombinant protein interacted with rna, and gel retardation electrophoresis demonstrated that more than one molecule of p1 bound one molecule of rna. formation of the protein-rna complexes was dependent on the conformational state of p1 and was stable ... | 1994 | 7931144 |
| evidence for an internal ribosome entry site within the 5' non-translated region of turnip mosaic potyvirus rna. | the genomic rna of potyviruses has a characteristic 5' non-translated region (5'ntr) to which a viral protein, vpg, is covalently attached. this suggests that the viral rna lacks a conventional cap structure and thus its translation may not proceed in the same way as most cellular mrnas. to investigate the role of the 5'ntr during translation, various derivatives of the turnip mosaic potyvirus (tumv) leader were fused to the reporter gene beta-glucuronidase (gus). these constructs were used to m ... | 1994 | 7964625 |
| nucleotide sequence of johnsongrass mosaic potyvirus genomic rna. | the complete nucleotide sequence of the rna genome of johnsongrass mosaic virus (jgmv), which infects monocotyledonous plant species, has been determined from cloned viral cdnas. the jgmv genomic rna is 9,766 nucleotides in length, excluding the poly (a) tail, and contains a large open reading frame that codes for a polyprotein of 3,052 amino acids. the open reading frame is flanked by a 5' untranslated region of 135 and a 3' untranslated region of 475 nucleotides. a comparison of the jgmv polyp ... | 1993 | 8150599 |
| nucleotide sequences of the helper component-proteinase genes of aphid transmissible and non-transmissible isolates of turnip mosaic virus. | we have compared nucleotide sequences of the helper component-proteinase (hc-pro) coding region of aphid transmissible (isolate 1) and non-transmissible (isolate 31) isolates of turnip mosaic virus (tumv). hc-pro coding regions of both tumv isolates 1 and 31 were 1,374 nucleotide long. the nucleotide sequence homology between these isolates was 93.5%, with 89 nucleotides substitution. the nucleotides of hc-pro regions of two isolates of tumv genomes encoded 458 amino acids of m(r) 51,746 (isolat ... | 1993 | 8328910 |
| characterization of potyviruses from tulip and lily which cause flower-breaking. | five viruses causing colour-breaking of tulip flowers were isolated from tulips and lilies. tulip-breaking virus (tbv), tulip top-breaking virus (ttbv), tulip band-breaking virus, rembrandt tulip-breaking virus and lily mottle virus were all characterized as potyviruses by serology and potyvirus-specific pcr. sequence analysis of amplified dna fragments spanning a conserved area of the coat protein cistron of potyviruses was performed in order to classify the isolates as distinct viruses or stra ... | 1993 | 8492092 |
| [transgenic brassica napus resistant to turnip mosaic virus]. | a system for obtaining regenerated plantlets of "double low" brassica napus by using cotyledonary petioles as material was established. the turnip mosaic virus coat protein (tumv-cp) gene inserted in the binary vector pbtu in the agrobacterium tumefaciens lba 4404 was integrated into brassica napus through co-culture of cotyledonary petioles with lba4404, and the material in co-culture was selected under the stress of kanamycin. regenerated plantlets were obtained, and the specific tumv-cp gene ... | 1996 | 8695178 |
| replication slippage in the evolution of potyviruses. | recently published evidence for sequence repetition in potyvirus genomes prompted us to analyse the published complete genome sequences and coat protein gene sequences of viruses of this family for evidence of replication slippage. five of nine complete genomic sequences and 17 of 32 coat protein genes had significant sequence repetitions. most of these were in coat protein genes, although the 5' region of the turnip mosaic virus genome also showed evidence of slippage. the results suggest that ... | 1995 | 8847535 |
| classification of turnip mosaic virus isolates according to the 3'-untranslated region. | the 3'-untranslated region (3'utr) of five isolates of turnip mosaic virus (tumv) from united kingdom, canada, greece, the czech republic and from uzbekistan were sequenced and compared with another nine previously sequenced tumv isolates. all the isolates had 209 nucleotides long 3'utr, with the exception of the uzbekistan isolate, which had one-base deletion at nucleotide (nt) position 162. phylogenetic analysis identified three clusters of related isolates. the clusters correlated with second ... | 1996 | 8891096 |
| the complete nucleotide sequence of turnip mosaic virus rna japanese strain. | the complete nucleotide sequence of the rna genome of turnip mosaic virus japanese strain (tumv-j) has been determined from five overlapping cdna clones and by direct sequencing of viral rna. the rna sequence was 9833 nucleotides in length, excluding a 3' terminal poly(a) tail. an aug triplet at position 130-132 was assigned as the initiation codon for the translation of the genome size viral polyprotein which would consist of 3164 amino acid residues. interestingly, a different amino acid seque ... | 1996 | 8920830 |
| identification of a 37 kda plant protein that interacts with the turnip mosaic potyvirus capsid protein using anti-idiotypic-antibodies. | experimental data are provided for the presence of a plant protein that interacts with the capsid protein (cp) of turnip mosaic potyvirus (tumv). the receptor-like protein was identified by exploiting the molecular mimicry potential of anti-idiotypic antibodies. a single-chain fv molecule derived from the monoclonal antibody 7a (mab-7a), which recognizes the cp of tumv, was produced in escherichia coli and the recombinant protein was used to raise rabbit antibodies. the immune serum reacted with ... | 1998 | 9617793 |
| role of the helper component in vector-specific transmission of potyviruses. | four aphid species were tested for their ability to transmit tobacco etch (tev) and turnip mosaic (tumv) potyviruses. myzus persicae and aphis gossypii transmitted both viruses efficiently from infected plants, whereas lipaphis erysimi transmitted only tumv and myzus ascalonicus was a poor or non-transmitter of either virus. similar electrically monitored probing patterns were produced by m. persicae, l. erysimi and m. ascalonicus, ruling out behavioural differences as the cause of differential ... | 1998 | 9634096 |
| infectivity of turnip mosaic potyvirus cdna clones and transcripts on the systemic host arabidopsis thaliana and local lesion hosts. | full-length cdna clones of turnip mosaic virus were assembled under the control of t7 or 35s promoter. the 35s or nopaline synthase terminator signals were introduced downstream the full length cdna controlled by 35s promoter. both the capped in vitro transcripts from t7 controlled template, and the cdnas from 35s controlled plasmids were infectious on arabidopis thaliana plants according to systemically induced symptoms and to elisa assays. the cdnas from 35s controlled plasmids induced local l ... | 1998 | 9725673 |
| properties of a virus causing mosaic and leaf curl disease of celosia argentea l. in nigeria. | a sap transmissible virus, causing mosaic and leaf curl disease of celosia argentea, was isolated at vegetable farms in amuwo odofin, tejuoso, and abule ado, lagos, nigeria. the virus had a restricted host range confined to a few species of the amaranthaceae, chenopodiaceae and solanaceae families. it failed to infect several other species of the aizoaceae, brassicaceae, cucurbitaceae, fabaceae, lamiaceae, malvaceae, poaceae and tiliaceae families. the virus was transmitted in a non-persistent m ... | 1998 | 9842442 |
| affinity purification of hc-pro of potyviruses with ni2+-nta resin. | the hc-pro of zucchini yellow mosiac virus (zymv) was found to bind to ni2+-nta resin with or without his-tagging. the binding stringency was similar to that observed in proteins with a zinc finger motif like the hc-pro. using this characteristic we developed an efficient and rapid method (2-3 h) for purification of the hc-pro of several potyviruses. a dominant protein of about 150 kda was extracted and identified as the hc-pro of zymv by means of immunoblotting. about 150 microg of hc-pro were ... | 1998 | 9923736 |
| fluorometric assay of turnip mosaic virus nia protease. | turnip mosaic virus (tumv) nia protease cleaves the viral polyprotein at seven distinct junctions out of nine. the amino acid sequences of the seven cleavage sites have three conserved amino acids, v, h, q in positions p4, p2, p1, respectively. small molecules as well as conjugated peptides were tested for proteolytic activity of the enzyme. none of small molecules tested, such as methylumbelliferyl-p-guanidinobenzoate, p-nitrophenyl-p'-guanidinobenzoate, p-nitrophenyl acetate, and methylumbelli ... | 2000 | 10625510 |
| accumulation of helper component/proteinase and coat protein of turnip mosaic virus in intact plants. | the helper component/proteinase (hc/pro) protein of turnip mosaic virus (tumv) was fused with glutathione s-transferase (gst) and expressed as a fusion protein in escherichia coli. the quality of antiserum raised against the gst-hc/pro fusion protein was compared to that of antiserum raised against coat protein (cp) by image analyser. the result showed that these antisera were of similar quality. then the both antisera were used to follow the time course of accumulation of hc/pro protein and cp ... | 1999 | 10672341 |
| potato virus x amplicons in arabidopsis mediate genetic and epigenetic gene silencing. | amplicon transgenes from potato virus x (pvx) are based on a modified version of the viral genome and are efficient activators of post-transcriptional gene silencing (ptgs). to determine whether pvx amplicons activate ptgs in arabidopsis, we used constructs based on the genome of pvx carrying a green fluorescent protein (gfp) reporter gene. our analysis of the transgene phenotype exploited previous observations indicating that ptgs is associated with short 25-nucleotide rna species, transgene me ... | 2000 | 10715323 |
| molecular cloning, expression, and purification of nuclear inclusion a protease from tobacco vein mottling virus. | the gene encoding the c-terminal protease domain of the nuclear inclusion protein a (nia) of tobacco vein mottling virus (tvmv) was cloned from an isolated virus particle and expressed as a fusion protein with glutathione s-transferase in escherichia coli xl1-blue. the 27-kda protease was purified from the fusion protein by glutathione affinity chromatography and mono s chromatography. the purified protease exhibited the specific proteolytic activity towards the nonapeptide substrates, ac-glu-as ... | 2000 | 10850655 |
| a single chimeric transgene derived from two distinct viruses confers multi-virus resistance in transgenic plants through homology-dependent gene silencing. | we showed previously that 218 and 110 bp n gene segments of tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) that were fused to the non-target green fluorescent protein (gfp) gene were able to confer resistance to tswv via post-transcriptional gene silencing (ptgs). n gene segments expressed alone did not confer resistance. apparently, the gfp dna induced ptgs that targetted n gene segments and the incoming homologous tswv for degradation, resulting in a resistant phenotype. these observations suggested that mu ... | 2000 | 10900050 |
| complex formation between potyvirus vpg and translation eukaryotic initiation factor 4e correlates with virus infectivity. | the interaction between the viral protein linked to the genome (vpg) of turnip mosaic potyvirus (tumv) and the translation eukaryotic initiation factor eif(iso)4e of arabidopsis thaliana has previously been reported. eif(iso)4e binds the cap structure (m(7)gpppn, where n is any nucleotide) of mrnas and has an important role in the regulation in the initiation of translation. in the present study, it was shown that not only did vpg bind eif(iso)4e but it also interacted with the eif4e isomer of a ... | 2000 | 10933678 |
| cross-reactive and major virus-specific epitopes are located at the n-terminal halves of the cylindrical inclusion proteins of turnip mosaic and zucchini yellow mosaic potyviruses. | to investigate the antigenic nature of cylindrical inclusion proteins (cips) of the potyviruses turnip mosaic virus (tumv) and zucchini yellow mosaic virus (zymv), monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against the two cips were produced and epitopes on the cips were localized using escherichia coli-expressed cip fragments in western blot analysis. all 23 mabs against zymv cip reacted only with zymv cip. in contrast out of the 18 mabs produced against tumv cip, 14 mabs were tumv cip-specific while the rem ... | 2000 | 10963347 |
| the cylindrical inclusion gene of turnip mosaic virus encodes a pathogenic determinant to the brassica resistance gene turb01. | the viral component of turnip mosaic virus (tumv) determining virulence to the brassica napus turb01 dominant resistance allele has been identified. sequence comparisons of an infectious cdna clone of the uk 1 isolate of tumv (avirulent on turb01) and a spontaneous mutant capable of infecting plants possessing turb01 suggested that a single nucleotide change in the cylindrical inclusion (ci) protein coding region (gene) of the virus was responsible for the altered phenotype. a second spontaneous ... | 2000 | 11043471 |
| [preparation of monoclonal antibodies to barley yellow mosaic virus]. | using hybridoma techniques, six hybridoma celllines: 4d6, 4d4, 4f10, 3h6, 3h8 and 4e9 secreting monoclonal antibodies to shanghai isolate of barley yellow mosaic virus (baymv) were prepared by fusion between myeloma cells ns-1 and spleen cells of balb/c mouse immunized with baymv. the subclasses of monoclonal antibodies obtained belong to igg2a. the cross-reaction test with different viruses (smv, tmv and three isolates of tumv) showed that six monoclonal antibodies were specific to baymv. the t ... | 1997 | 11189368 |
| nickel increases susceptibility of a nickel hyperaccumulator to turnip mosaic virus. | hyperaccumulated ni can defend plant tissues against herbivores and pathogens. the effectiveness of this defense, however, has not been tested with a viral pathogen. turnip mosaic virus (tumv) accumulation was studied in two serpentine species of streptanthus with different ni uptake abilities. plants of a ni hyperaccumulator, milk-wort jewelflower (s. polygaloides gray), and a non-hyperaccumulator, plumed jewelflower (s. insignis jepson), were grown on ni-amended and unamended soils. plants wer ... | 2001 | 11215670 |
| a universal pcr primer to detect members of the potyviridae and its use to examine the taxonomic status of several members of the family. | a universal primer (sprimer: 5'-ggx aay aay agy ggx caz cc-3', x = a, g, c or t; y = t or c; z = a or g), designed from the consensus sequences that code for the conserved sequence gnnsgqp in the nib region of members of the family potyviridae, was used to amplify by rt-pcr the 3'-terminal genome regions from infected plant samples representing 21 different viruses in the family. sequencing of some of the fragments (c. 1.7 kb) showed that the type strain (attc pv-107) of oat necrotic mottle viru ... | 2001 | 11402861 |
| determination of the substrate specificity of turnip mosaic virus nia protease using a genetic method. | the rna genome of turnip mosaic potyvirus (tumv) encodes a large polyprotein that is processed to mature proteins by virus-encoded proteases. the tumv nia protease is responsible for the cleavage of the polyprotein at seven different locations. these cleavage sites are defined by a conserved sequence motif val-xaa-his-gln decreased, with the scissile bond located after gln. to determine the substrate specificity of the nia protease, amino acid sequences cleaved by the nia protease were obtained ... | 2001 | 11714990 |
| a mosaic disease of senna hirsuta induced by a potyvirus in nigeria. | a virus inducing mosaic and severe leaf malformation, isolated from senna hirsuta in nigeria, was studied. the virus had a rather narrow host range, infecting a few species in caesalpinaceae, chenopodiaceae and fabaceae families. the virus was widespread in southern nigeria with prevalence ranging from 74% to 86.4% in some locations. it was transmitted mechanically and in a non-persistent manner by myzuspersicae, aphis craccivora and a. spiraecola. there was no evidence of transmission by seeds. ... | 2001 | 11719985 |
| molecular evolution of turnip mosaic virus: evidence of host adaptation, genetic recombination and geographical spread. | turnip mosaic virus (tumv), a species of the genus potyvirus, occurs worldwide. seventy-six isolates of tumv were collected from around the world, mostly from brassica and raphanus crops, but also from several non-brassica species. host tests grouped the isolates into one or other of two pathotypes; brassica (b) and brassica-raphanus (br). the nucleotide sequences of the first protein (p1) and coat protein (cp) genes of the isolates were determined. one-tenth of the isolates were found to have a ... | 2002 | 12029167 |
| characterisation of a potyvirus and a potexvirus from chinese scallion. | molecular analyses of viruses infecting chinese scallion (allium chinense g. don) showed that the plants did not contain any of the poty-, carla- or allexiviruses that are common in garlic plants in china. the complete sequences of a potyvirus and a potexvirus were determined and these were shown to represent different viruses from any in the databases. they could be transmitted mechanically to scallion but not to other allium species (including garlic) or to narcissus. the potyvirus, tentativel ... | 2002 | 12038680 |
| a fitness cost for turnip mosaic virus to overcome host resistance. | the relative fitness of the turnip mosaic virus (tumv) isolate uk 1 was compared with that of two other wildtype isolates cze 1 and cdn 1. the isolates cze 1 and cdn 1 are able to overcome the effect of the resistance gene turb01 and at least three other resistance sources that are effective against uk 1. comparisons were also made between the fitness of uk 1 and a recombinant virus with a single nucleotide change (v35tunos +5570 a>g) conferring the ability to overcome turb01 resistance. co-inoc ... | 2002 | 12076824 |
| loss-of-susceptibility mutants of arabidopsis thaliana reveal an essential role for eif(iso)4e during potyvirus infection. | the arabidopsis thaliana-potyvirus system was developed to identify compatibility and incompatibility factors involved during infection and disease caused by positive-strand rna viruses. several arabidopsis mutants with increased susceptibility to tobacco etch potyvirus (tev) were isolated previously, revealing a virus-specific resistance system in the phloem. in this study, arabidopsis mutants with decreased susceptibility to turnip mosaic potyvirus (tumv) were isolated. three independent mutan ... | 2002 | 12123581 |
| mutations in turnip mosaic virus p3 and cylindrical inclusion proteins are separately required to overcome two brassica napus resistance genes. | the brassica napus differential line 165 is resistant to infection by turnip mosaic virus (tumv) isolates belonging to pathotypes 1 and 3. nucleotide sequences of resistance-breaking mutants of pathotype 1 (uk 1), pathotype 3 (chn 12), and wild-type isolates have been determined. when the mutations identified were introduced into an infectious clone of uk 1, a single mutation in the viral p3 protein induced a hypersensitive (necrotic) response in inoculated leaves of line 165 plants. full system ... | 2002 | 12202205 |
| correlation of viral rna biosynthesis with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity and host resistance. | changes in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (g6p dh; ec 1.1.1.49) activity caused by infection of tobacco ( nicotiana tabacum l.) leaves with potato virus y (pvy), cucumber mosaic virus, potato virus x, tobacco rattle virus and turnip mosaic virus, the subcellular localisation of g6p dh isozymes in mesophyll protoplasts derived from healthy and pvy-infected tobacco leaves, as well as g6p dh control and the relationship of its isozymes with the degree of tobacco resistance to pvy multiplication, ... | 2002 | 12244453 |
| potyviruses, novel and known, in cultivated and wild species of the family apiaceae in australia. | three potyviruses were identified by gene sequencing and found to be widespread in species of apiaceae in australia. only celery mosaic virus was found in celery crops and in one of 180 specimens of feral carrot ( daucus carota). another related but distinct novel potyvirus, carrot virus y, was the only virus found in carrot crops and all except one feral carrot. a more distantly related novel potyvirus, apium virus y, was found in plants of sea celery ( apium prostratum), cultivated parsley ( p ... | 2002 | 12376749 |
| zantedeschia mosaic virus causing leaf mosaic symptom in calla lily is a new potyvirus. | anovel virus, zantedeschia mosaic virus (zamv-kr), causing mosaic and malformation symptoms was isolated from calla lily ( zantedeschia spp.) in korea and its biological and molecular properties were characterized. the virus was distinct from dasheen mosaic virus, an araceae-infecting potyvirus, by serological and sequence analyses. multiple alignments of the cp amino acid sequence between the virus and other potyviruses showed 51.8 to 62.1% identity. phylogenetic analyses of the cp revealed tha ... | 2002 | 12491097 |
| the arabidopsis eukaryotic initiation factor (iso)4e is dispensable for plant growth but required for susceptibility to potyviruses. | an arabidopsis thaliana line bearing a transposon insertion in the gene coding for the isozyme form of the plant-specific cap-binding protein, eukaryotic initiation factor (iso) 4e (eif (iso) 4e), has been isolated. this mutant line completely lacks both eif(iso)4e mrna and protein, but was found to have a phenotype and fertility indistinguishable from wild-type plants under standard laboratory conditions. in contrast, the amount of the related eif4e protein was found to increase in seedling ext ... | 2002 | 12492835 |
| p1/hc-pro, a viral suppressor of rna silencing, interferes with arabidopsis development and mirna unction. | the molecular basis for virus-induced disease in plants has been a long-standing mystery. infection of arabidopsis by turnip mosaic virus (tumv) induces a number of developmental defects in vegetative and reproductive organs. we found that these defects, many of which resemble those in mirna-deficient dicer-like1 (dcl1) mutants, were due to the tumv-encoded rna-silencing suppressor, p1/hc-pro. suppression of rna silencing is a counterdefensive mechanism that enables systemic infection by tumv. t ... | 2003 | 12586064 |
| strains of turnip mosaic potyvirus as defined by the molecular analysis of the coat protein gene of the virus. | turnip mosaic virus (tumv) is a member of the potyvirus genus with a wide host range and highly variable in its biological characteristics. analysis of the cp gene sequences from databases, combined with the experimental analysis of the cp gene of further isolates, using data derived from sequence or restriction analysis, has allowed the genetic classification of 60 tumv isolates or sequences. two main genetic clusters mb (mostly brassica isolates) and mr (mostly radish isolates) were found, tog ... | 2003 | 12837555 |
| the phylogeny of turnip mosaic virus; comparisons of 38 genomic sequences reveal a eurasian origin and a recent 'emergence' in east asia. | the genomes of a representative world-wide collection of 32 turnip mosaic virus (tumv) isolates were sequenced and these, together with six previously reported sequences, were analysed. at least one-fifth of the sequences were recombinant. in phylogenetic analyses, using genomic sequences of japanese yam mosaic virus as an outgroup, the tumv sequences that did not show clear recombination formed a monophyletic group with four well-supported lineages. these groupings correlated with differences i ... | 2003 | 12859632 |
| genetic mapping of the novel turnip mosaic virus resistance gene turb03 in brassica napus. | a new source of resistance to the pathotype 4 isolate of turnip mosaic virus (tumv) cdn 1 has been identified in brassica napus (oilseed rape). analysis of segregation of resistance to tumv isolate cdn 1 in a backcross generation following a cross between a resistant and a susceptible b. napus line showed that the resistance was dominant and monogenic. molecular markers linked to this dominant resistance were identified using amplified fragment length polymorphism (aflp) and microsatellite bulk ... | 2003 | 12904865 |
| the dual role of the potyvirus p3 protein of turnip mosaic virus as a symptom and avirulence determinant in brassicas. | two isolates of the potyvirus turnip mosaic virus (tumv), uk 1 and cdn 1, differ both in their general symptoms on the susceptible propagation host brassica juncea and in their ability to infect b. napus lines possessing a variety of dominant resistance genes. the isolate cdn 1 produces a more extreme mosaic in infected brassica leaves than uk 1 and is able to overcome the resistance genes turb01, turb04, and turb05. the resistance gene turb03, in the b. napus line 22s, is effective against cdn ... | 2003 | 12971601 |
| [on some properties of suspensions of infectious ribonucleic acid extract from the yellow turnip mosaic virus]. | | 1961 | 13907753 |
| electron microscopy of intracellular turnip mosaic virus. | | 1965 | 14288720 |
| a cysteine-rich plant protein potentiates potyvirus movement through an interaction with the virus genome-linked protein vpg. | we have identified a cellular factor that interacts with the virus genome-linked proteins (vpgs) of a diverse range of potyviruses. the factor, called potyvirus vpg-interacting protein (pvip), is a plant-specific protein with homologues in all the species examined, i.e., pea, arabidopsis thaliana, and nicotiana benthamiana. the sequence of pvip does not identify a specific function, although the existence of a "phd finger" domain may implicate the protein in transcriptional control through chrom ... | 2004 | 14963126 |
| interaction of vpg-pro of turnip mosaic virus with the translation initiation factor 4e and the poly(a)-binding protein in planta. | the viral protein linked to the genome (vpg) of turnip mosaic virus (tumv) interacts in vitro with the translation eukaryotic initiation factor (eif) 4e. in the present study, we investigated the consequence of tumv infection on eif4e expression. two isomers are present in plants, namely eif4e and eif(iso)4e. expression of the latter was detected in both tumv-infected and mock-inoculated brassica perviridis plants, but expression of eif4e was found only in infected plants. membranes from tumv-in ... | 2004 | 15039548 |
| functional replacement of wheat streak mosaic virus hc-pro with the corresponding cistron from a diverse array of viruses in the family potyviridae. | helper component-proteinase (hc-pro) of wheat streak mosaic virus strain sidney 81 (wsmv-sidney 81) was systematically replaced with the corresponding cistron derived from four strains of wsmv (type, tk1, cz, and el batán 3), the tritimovirus oat necrotic mottle virus (onmv), the rymoviruses agropyron mosaic virus (agmv) and hordeum mosaic virus (homv), or the potyviruses tobacco etch virus (tev) and turnip mosaic virus (tumv). these hc-pro proteins varied in amino acid sequence identity shared ... | 2004 | 15193921 |
| an important determinant of the ability of turnip mosaic virus to infect brassica spp. and/or raphanus sativus is in its p3 protein. | turnip mosaic virus (tumv, genus potyvirus, family potyviridae) infects mainly cruciferous plants. isolates tu-3 and tu-2r1 of tumv exhibit different infection phenotypes in cabbage (brassica oleracea l.) and japanese radish (raphanus sativus l.). infectious full-length cdna clones, ptuc and ptur1, were constructed from isolates tu-3 and tu-2r1, respectively. progeny virus derived from infections with ptuc induced systemic chlorotic and ringspot symptoms in infected cabbage, but no systemic infe ... | 2004 | 15218194 |
| inter- and intralineage recombinants are common in natural populations of turnip mosaic virus. | a recombination map of the genome of turnip mosaic virus (tumv) was assembled using data from 19 complete genomic sequences, previously reported, and a composite sample of three regions of the genome, one-third in total, of a representative asia-wide collection of 70 isolates. thus, a total of 89 isolates of worldwide origin was analysed for recombinants. eighteen recombination sites were found spaced throughout the 5' two-thirds of the genome, but there were only two in the 3' one-third; thus, ... | 2004 | 15302962 |
| aphid transmission of a potyvirus depends on suitability of the helper component and the n terminus of the coat protein. | the present study investigates the specificity of potyviruses for aphid species. two potyviruses differing in their host range were used: zucchini yellow mosaic virus (zymv) mainly infecting cucurbits and turnip mosaic virus (tumv) mainly infecting crucifers. two sets of aphids species were used as vectors, one polyphagous (myzus persicae and aphis gossypii) and the other from crucifers (brevicoryne brassicae and lipaphis erysimi). evidence is provided that the specificity between a vector and a ... | 2005 | 15503223 |
| fine genetic mapping of the tuni locus causing systemic veinal necrosis by turnip mosaic virus infection in arabidopsis thaliana. | in the pathosystem of turnip mosaic virus (tumv) and arabidopsis thaliana, two distinct symptoms (mosaic symptom and veinal necrosis) were observed that were dependent upon the combination of the tumv isolate and the arabidopsis ecotype. the col-0 ecotype developed mosaic symptoms after infection with the tumv isolate azu while the ler ecotype developed veinal necrosis after infection with the same tumv isolate. the ler phenotype is controlled by a single dominant gene tuni (tumv necrosis induce ... | 2004 | 15517145 |
| vpegamma exhibits a caspase-like activity that contributes to defense against pathogens. | caspases are a family of aspartate-specific cysteine proteases that play an essential role in initiating and executing programmed cell death (pcd) in metazoans. caspase-like activities have been shown to be required for the initiation of pcd in plants, but the genes encoding those activities have not been identified. vpegamma, a cysteine protease, is induced during senescence, a form of pcd in plants, and is localized in precursor protease vesicles and vacuoles, compartments associated with pcd ... | 2004 | 15530390 |
| comparisons of the genetic structure of populations of turnip mosaic virus in west and east eurasia. | the genetic structure of populations of turnip mosaic virus in eurasia was assessed by making host range and gene sequence comparisons of 142 isolates. most isolates collected in west eurasia infected brassica plants whereas those from east eurasia infected both brassica and raphanus plants. analyses of recombination sites (rss) in five regions of the genome (one third of the full sequence) showed that the protein 1 (p1 gene) had recombined more frequently than the other gene regions in both sub ... | 2004 | 15567435 |
| [accumulation of coat protein of turnip mosaic virus in host chloroplasts and its effect on ps ii activity]. | intact chloroplasts were isolated from chinese cabbage (brassica chinensis l. cv. suzhou) and mustard (b. juncea l. cv. wenzhou) leaves inoculated with turnip mosaic virus (tumv). the proteins attached to the surface of chloroplasts were digested, then the total proteins of chloroplasts were extracted. by analysis of the sds-page pattern, one extra protein band with the same mobility and molecular weight as tumv-coat protein was found in the chloroplasts of infected leaves. results of western bl ... | 2004 | 15583406 |
| mutations in turnip mosaic virus genomes that have adapted to raphanus sativus. | the genetic basis for virulence in potyviruses is largely unknown. earlier studies showed that there are two host types of turnip mosaic virus (tumv); the brassica/raphanus (br)-host type infects both brassica and raphanus systemically, whereas the brassica (b)-host type infects brassica fully and systemically, but not raphanus. the genetic basis of this difference has been explored by using the progeny of an infectious clone, p35tunos; this clone is derived from the uk1 isolate, which is of the ... | 2005 | 15659771 |
| selective involvement of members of the eukaryotic initiation factor 4e family in the infection of arabidopsis thaliana by potyviruses. | arabidopsis thaliana plants with mutations in the genes encoding eukaryotic initiation factor (eif4e) or isoform of eif4e (eif(iso)4e) were tested for susceptibility to clover yellow vein virus (clyvv), a member of the genus potyvirus. clyvv accumulated in both inoculated and upper uninoculated leaves of mutant plants lacking eif(iso)4e, but not in mutant plants lacking eif4e. in contrast, turnip mosaic virus (tumv), another member of the genus potyvirus, multiplied in mutant plants lacking eif4 ... | 2005 | 15710407 |
| a simplified method for obtaining plant viral rna for rt-pcr. | an easy and fast procedure (named the simple-direct-tube (sdt) method) was developed for preparing plant virus rna for cdna synthesis. the sdt method can be completed in approximately 15min and does not require the use of antiserum, filtering or centrifugation. the procedure to grind plant tissues in phosphate-buffered saline containing tween-20 (pbst) and to place the extract in a microfuge tube for a few minutes allow adsorption of the virus particles to the tube wall. the sap is then removed ... | 2005 | 15737418 |
| [distribution of rubisco and rca in brassica chinensis chloroplasts and effect of tumv-infection on their cellular localization]. | the cellular localizations of rubisco and rubisco activase (rca) in chinese cabbage (brassica chinensis l. cv. suzhou) leaves were investigated by immunogold-labeling electron microscopy. the results showed that rubisco and rca were mainly located in chloroplasts of mesophyll, guard cell of stomatal apparatus and parenchyma of vascular bundle. a high density of gold particles were localized preferentially to the chloroplast stroma. in contrast, there were no specific binding of gold particles de ... | 2005 | 15839204 |
| plant virus hc-pro is a determinant of eriophyid mite transmission. | the eriophyid mite transmitted wheat streak mosaic virus (wsmv; genus tritimovirus, family potyviridae) shares a common genome organization with aphid transmitted species of the genus potyvirus. although both tritimoviruses and potyviruses encode helper component-proteinase (hc-pro) homologues (required for nonpersistent aphid transmission of potyviruses), sequence conservation is low (amino acid identity, approximately 16%), and a role for hc-pro in semipersistent transmission of wsmv by the wh ... | 2005 | 15994799 |
| simultaneous production of two foreign proteins from a polyvirus-based vector. | with the aim of developing a biotechnological tool for the production of foreign proteins in plants, we first engineered an infectious turnip mosaic virus (tumv) cdna that contained the jellyfish green fluorescent protein (gfp) gene or the bacterial beta-glucuronidase (gus) gene (uida). two insertion sites were assessed, either between p1 and hcpro cistrons or pol and cp cistrons. in each construct, the junctions flanking the inserted gene coded for p1 and/or vpg-pro cleavage recognition site se ... | 2005 | 16022896 |
| binding analyses for the interaction between plant virus genome-linked protein (vpg) and plant translational initiation factors. | the turnip mosaic virus (tumv) genome-linked protein (vpg) and arabidopsis thaliana translation initiation factors were expressed and purified in order to investigate their binding properties and kinetics. affinity chromatography on m(7)gtp-sepharose showed that bound a. thaliana eif(iso)4e was eluted with crude tumv vpg. further column studies with purified vpg and other a. thaliana eif4e isoforms showed that vpg preferentially bound eif(iso)4e. structural data implicate trp-46 and trp-92 in ei ... | 2006 | 16300873 |
| konjak mosaic virus: the complete nucleotide sequence of the genomic rna and its comparison with other potyviruses. | konjak mosaic virus (komv) belongs to the genus potyvirus, family potyviridae. the complete nucleotide sequence of komv f isolate (komv f) was determined. the genome is 9,544 nucleotides long excluding the 3' terminal poly a tail and encodes a typical potyviral 350-kda polyprotein of 3,087 amino acids. phylogenetic analysis using known potyvirus polyproteins shows that komv constitutes a branch with yam mosaic virus, close to another branch including japanese yam mosaic virus, turnip mosaic viru ... | 2006 | 16538420 |
| tiered tests to assess the environmental risk of fitness changes in hybrids between transgenic crops and wild relatives: the example of virus resistant brassica napus. | over the last 20 years, there has been much research aimed at improving environmental risk assessment of transgenic crops. despite large amounts of data, decisions to allow or prohibit the release of transgenic crops remain confused and controversial. we argue that part of the reason for confusion is the lack of clear definitions of components of the environment that should be protected, and, as a consequence, there is no way to judge the relevance of data collected under the auspices of 'enviro ... | 2005 | 16634220 |
| the vpgpro protein of turnip mosaic virus: in vitro inhibition of translation from a ribonuclease activity. | a role for viral encoded genome-linked (vpg) proteins in translation has often been suggested because of their covalent attachment to the 5' end of the viral rna, reminiscent of the cap structure normally present on most eukaryotic mrnas. we tested the effect of turnip mosaic virus (tumv) vpgpro on translation of reporter rnas in in vitro translation systems. the presence of vpgpro in either wheat germ extract or rabbit reticulocyte lysate systems lead to inhibition of translation. the inhibitio ... | 2006 | 16647732 |
| a simplified method for cloning of short interfering rnas from brassica juncea infected with turnip mosaic potyvirus and turnip crinkle carmovirus. | rna silencing is a plant defense mechanism in which virus infected plants produce short interfering rnas (sirnas) derived from viral rna, that attack the virus at the post-transcriptional level. in a previous study on cymbidium ringspot tombusvirus (cymrsv) infection in nicotiana benthamiana, sirnas (determined by cloning and sequencing) predominantly originated from the sense (+) strand of the viral rna, suggesting that the majority of sirnas are produced through the direct cleavage of the viru ... | 2006 | 16815561 |
| interaction of genome-linked protein (vpg) of turnip mosaic virus with wheat germ translation initiation factors eifiso4e and eifiso4f. | the interaction between vpg of turnip mosaic virus and wheat germ eukaryotic translation initiation factors eifiso4e and eifiso4f (the complex of eifiso4e and eifiso4g) were measured and compared. the fluorescence quenching data showed the presence of one binding site on eifiso4e for vpg. scatchard analysis revealed the binding affinity (k(a)) and average binding sites (n) for vpg were (8.51 +/- 0.21) x 10(6) m(-1) and 1.0, respectively. the addition of eifiso4g to the eifiso4e increased the bin ... | 2006 | 16880203 |
| down-regulation of the 26s proteasome subunit rpn9 inhibits viral systemic transport and alters plant vascular development. | plant viruses utilize the vascular system for systemic movement. the plant vascular network also transports water, photosynthates, and signaling molecules and is essential for plant growth. however, the molecular mechanisms governing vascular development and patterning are still largely unknown. from viral transport suppressor screening using virus-induced gene silencing, we identified a 26s proteasome subunit, rpn9, which is required for broad-spectrum viral systemic transport. silencing of rpn ... | 2006 | 16905670 |
| expression of artificial micrornas in transgenic arabidopsis thaliana confers virus resistance. | plant micrornas (mirnas) regulate the abundance of target mrnas by guiding their cleavage at the sequence complementary region. we have modified an arabidopsis thaliana mir159 precursor to express artificial mirnas (amirnas) targeting viral mrna sequences encoding two gene silencing suppressors, p69 of turnip yellow mosaic virus (tymv) and hc-pro of turnip mosaic virus (tumv). production of these amirnas requires a. thaliana dicer-like protein 1. transgenic a. thaliana plants expressing amir-p69 ... | 2006 | 17057702 |
| visualization of the interaction between the precursors of vpg, the viral protein linked to the genome of turnip mosaic virus, and the translation eukaryotic initiation factor iso 4e in planta. | the rna genome of turnip mosaic virus is covalently linked at its 5' end to a viral protein known as vpg. this protein binds to the translation eukaryotic initiation factor iso 4e [eif(iso)4e]. this interaction has been shown to be important for virus infection, although its exact biological function(s) has not been elucidated. in this study, we investigated the subcellular site of the vpg-eif(iso)4e interaction using bimolecular fluorescence complementation (bifc). as a first step, eif(iso)4e, ... | 2007 | 17079311 |
| reactivation of an integrated disabled viral vector using a cre-loxp recombination system in arabidopsis thaliana. | we developed an inactivated dna replicon of turnip mosaic virus (tumv), which was reactivated by a recombination event based on the cre-loxp system. viral replication was prevented by the insertion of a translation terminator sequence flanked by two loxp sites at the junction of the p1-hcpro-coding genes. in vitro recombination was tested with purified cre, which excised the floxed sequence from the tumv dna, leaving a single loxp site in the reactivated viral genome, and restored the open readi ... | 2007 | 17103245 |
| a phylogeographical study of the turnip mosaic virus population in east asia reveals an 'emergent' lineage in japan. | the genetic structure of populations of turnip mosaic virus (tumv) in east asia was assessed by making host range and gene sequence comparisons of 118 isolates utilizing a population genetic approach. most, but not all, isolates collected from brassica plants in china infected only brassica plants, whereas those from japan infected both brassica and raphanus (br) plants. analyses of the positions of recombination sites in five regions of the genomes (one third of the full sequence) of the many r ... | 2006 | 17107475 |
| patterns of recombination in turnip mosaic virus genomic sequences indicate hotspots of recombination. | potyviruses have variable single-stranded rna genomes and many show clear evidence of recombination. this report studied the distribution of recombination sites in the genomes of 92 isolates of the potyvirus turnip mosaic virus (tumv); 42 came from the international gene sequence databases and an additional 50 complete genomic sequences were generated from field samples collected in europe and asia. the sequences were examined for evidence of recombination using seven different sequence comparis ... | 2007 | 17170463 |
| transient co-expression of post-transcriptional gene silencing suppressors and beta-glucuronidase in harvested lettuce leaf tissue does not improve recombinant protein accumulation in planta. | agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer was used to co-express three virus-derived post-transcriptional gene silencing (ptgs) suppressors, p19 from tomato bushy stunt virus and two species of helper component proteinase (hcpro) from tobacco etch virus (tev) and turnip mosaic virus, with beta-glucuronidase (gus) in harvested lettuce leaf tissue to investigate whether gus accumulation increases in the presence of ptgs suppressors. co-expression incubations were 3-5 days at 4 and 22 degrees c. gus act ... | 2007 | 17206371 |
| aba induction of mir159 controls transcript levels of two myb factors during arabidopsis seed germination. | upon seed imbibition, abscisic acid (aba) levels decrease to allow embryos to germinate and develop into seedlings. however, under abiotic stress conditions, aba levels remain high, and growth and development are arrested. several transcription factors, including abscisic acid-insensitive (abi)3 and abi5, are known to control this developmental checkpoint. here, we show that, in germinating arabidopsis thaliana seeds, aba induces the accumulation of microrna 159 (mir159) in an abi3-dependent fas ... | 2007 | 17217461 |
| identification of new isolates of turnip mosaic virus that cluster with less common viral strains. | turnip mosaic virus (tumv) was found infecting cultivated brassicas and wild and cultivated ornamental brassicaceae plants in different regions of spain. five new tumv isolates, originating from different host plant species (brassica cretica, brassica juncea, brassica napus, eruca vesicaria subsp. sativa and sisymbrium orientale), have been identified. the nucleotide sequences of the coat protein (cp) genes of the five isolates were determined. phylogenetic analysis of the cp sequences showed th ... | 2007 | 17347771 |
| sde5, the putative homologue of a human mrna export factor, is required for transgene silencing and accumulation of trans-acting endogenous sirna. | post-transcriptional gene silencing (ptgs) is a sequence-specific rna degradation process conserved in fungi, plants and animals. the trigger of the mechanism is double-stranded rna derived from transgenic or endogenous loci and formed by intra- or inter-molecular interactions of single-stranded rnas or the action of rna-dependent rna polymerases (rdrs). double-stranded rna from various sources is processed by one of the four dicer-like (dcl) proteins in arabidopsis, and the resulting short rnas ... | 2007 | 17397509 |
| spatial analysis of arabidopsis thaliana gene expression in response to turnip mosaic virus infection. | virus-infected leaf tissues comprise a heterogeneous mixture of cells at different stages of infection. the spatial and temporal relationships between sites of virus accumulation and the accompanying host responses, such as altered host gene expression, are not well defined. to address this issue, we utilized turnip mosaic virus (tumv) tagged with the green fluorescent protein to guide the dissection of infection foci into four distinct zones. the abundance of arabidopsis thaliana mrna transcrip ... | 2007 | 17427806 |
| evidence for targeting common sirna hotspots and gc preference by plant dicer-like proteins. | small interfering (si)rnas isolated from brassica juncea leaves infected by turnip mosaic virus (tumv) were characterized by cloning and sequencing. the tumv sirna population was dominated by 21 and 22-nt long species originated mainly from the same sirna hotspots, indicating operational similarity between the plant dicer-like (dcl) enzymes. robust gc bias was observed for tumv sirnas versus the virus genome, indicating that dcl was more likely to target gc-rich regions. furthermore, dicot micro ... | 2007 | 17597620 |
| genetic and molecular variability of a turnip mosaic virus population from horseradish (cochlearia armoracia l.). | variability and genetic structure of a novel turnip mosaic virus (tumv) population from horseradish (cochlearia armoracia l.) were examined. over 60 horseradish plants were tested to identify a total of 28 tumv isolates, constituting the cochlearia armoracia (car) tumv population. two subgroups of the car tumv isolates could be distinguished: subgroup n did not infect oilseed rape (brassica napus var. oleifera) cv. westar plants, while subgroup a infected these plants systemically. two types of ... | 2007 | 17666784 |
| the poly(a) binding protein is internalized in virus-induced vesicles or redistributed to the nucleolus during turnip mosaic virus infection. | poly(a) binding protein 2 (pabp2) of arabidopsis thaliana was previously shown to interact with vpg-pro of turnip mosaic virus (tumv) and may consequently play an important role during infection. subcellular fractionation experiments revealed that pabp2 was predominantly a cytoplasmic soluble protein in healthy plants. however, in tumv-infected plants, a subpopulation of pabp2 was membrane associated or was localized in the nucleus. confocal microscopy experiments indicated that pabp2 was partia ... | 2007 | 17670821 |