| complete nucleotide sequence and genome organization of a cactus virus x strain from hylocereus undatus (cactaceae). | the complete nucleotide sequence of a strain of cactus virus x (cvx-hu) isolated from hylocereus undatus (cactaceae) has been determined. excluding the poly(a) tail, the sequence is 6614 nucleotides in length and contains seven open reading frames (orfs). the genome organization of cvx is similar to that of other potexviruses. orf1 encodes the putative viral replicase with conserved methyltransferase, helicase, and polymerase motifs. within orf1, two other orfs were located separately in the +2 ... | 2004 | 15098117 |
| an efficient foxtail mosaic virus vector system with reduced environmental risk. | plant viral vectors offer high-yield expression of pharmaceutical and commercially important proteins with a minimum of cost and preparation time. the use of agrobacterium tumefaciens has been introduced to deliver the viral vector as a transgene to each plant cell via a simple, nonsterile infiltration technique called "agroinoculation". with agroinoculation, a full length, systemically moving virus is no longer necessary for excellent protein yield, since the viral transgene is transcribed and ... | 2010 | 21162736 |
| potato virus x-based expression vectors are stabilized for long-term production of proteins and larger inserts. | plus-strand rna viruses such as potato virus x (pvx) are often used as high-yielding expression vectors in plants, because they tolerate extra transgene insertion and expression without disrupting normal virus functions. however, sequence redundancy due to promoter duplication often leads to genetic instability. although heterologous subgenomic promoter-like sequences (sgps) have been successfully used in tobacco mosaic virus vectors, only homologous sgp duplications have been used in pvx vector ... | 2014 | 25171768 |
| the interaction between bamboo mosaic virus replication protein and coat protein is critical for virus movement in plant hosts. | bamboo mosaic virus (bamv) is a positive-sense rna virus belonging to the genus potexvirus. open reading frame 1 (orf1) encodes the viral replication protein that consists of a capping enzyme domain, a helicase-like domain (hld), and an rna-dependent rna polymerase domain from the n to c terminus. orf5 encodes the viral coat protein (cp) required for genome encapsidation and the virus movement in plants. in this study, application of a yeast-two hybrid assay detected an interaction between the v ... | 2011 | 21917973 |
| translational strategies in potexviruses: products encoded by clover yellow mosaic virus, foxtail mosaic virus, and viola mottle virus rnas in vitro. | we have examined the template properties of the genomic rnas from three potexviruses: clover yellow mosaic virus (cymv), foxtail mosaic virus (fmv), and viola mottle virus (vmv). all three rnas encode a large (160,000 to 182,000 molecular weight) nonstructural protein when translated in the rabbit reticulocyte cell-free system. only cymv rna is able to direct the synthesis of significant quantities of a product whose electrophoretic mobility, antigenic determinants, and partial peptide map resem ... | 1986 | 18640646 |
| revised sequence of foxtail mosaic virus reveals a triple gene block structure similar to potato virus x. | | 2008 | 17955161 |
| movement of potexviruses requires species-specific interactions among the cognate triple gene block proteins, as revealed by a trans-complementation assay based on the bamboo mosaic virus satellite rna-mediated expression system. | the intra- and intercellular transport of potexviruses require interactions among viral rna, coat protein and elements of the triple gene block proteins (tgbps). in this study, the requirement of bamboo mosaic virus (bamv) tgbps for movement functions and the compatibilities with those of two potexviruses, potato virus x (pvx) and foxtail mosaic virus (fomv), were examined using a satellite rna-mediated trans-complementation assay system. single or multiple tgbps of bamv, pvx and fomv were expre ... | 2006 | 16603539 |
| partial purification and characterization of foxtail mosaic potexvirus rna-dependent rna polymerase. | the rna-dependent rna polymerase (rdrp) of foxtail mosaic virus (fmv) was partially purified from infected leaves of chenopodium quinoa. the membrane fraction of crude plant extracts contained most of the fmv rdrp activity. additional purification was obtained by solubilization of the rdrp using kcl and dodecyl-sucrose and by centrifugation through a glycerol gradient. the rna template endogenous to rdrp preparations could be removed using micrococcal nuclease but the resulting fraction was unab ... | 1993 | 8249292 |
| single- and double-stranded viral rnas in plants infected with the potexviruses papaya mosaic virus and foxtail mosaic virus. | three classes of viral rna were recovered from polyribosomes purified from papaya leaves infected with papaya mosaic virus (papmv) and from barley leaves infected with foxtail mosaic virus (fomv): full-length viral rnas [6.8 and 6.2 kilobases (kb), respectively]; less abundant intermediate subgenomic rnas (2.2 and 1.9 kb), and abundant, small subgenomic rnas (1 and 0.9 kb). small amounts of the papmv-specified 1.0-kb subgenomic rna were encapsidated, whereas no encapsidated subgenomic rnas could ... | 1988 | 3182231 |
| the entire nucleotide sequence of foxtail mosaic virus rna. | the nucleotide sequence of the rna genome of foxtail mosaic virus (fmv), a member of the potexvirus family, is 6151 nucleotides long, exclusive of a poly(a) tail. the rna contains five principal open reading frames (orfs), designated from the 5' terminus as encoding proteins with mr values of 152.3k (orf1), 26.4k (orf2) which overlaps an 11.3k (orf3) product, 5.8k (orf4) which overlaps a 28.8k readthrough protein (orf5a) which leads into the coat protein cistron of 23.7k (orf5). the sizes and co ... | 1991 | 1840610 |
| foxtail mosaic virus-induced gene silencing in monocot plants. | virus-induced gene silencing (vigs) is a powerful technique to study gene function in plants. however, very few vigs vectors are available for monocot plants. here we report that foxtail mosaic virus (fomv) can be engineered as an effective vigs system to induce efficient silencing of endogenous genes in monocot plants including barley (hordeum vulgare l.), wheat (triticum aestivum) and foxtail millet (setaria italica). this is evidenced by fomv-based silencing of phytoene desaturase (pds) and m ... | 2016 | 27225900 |
| reduction of rna-dependent rna polymerase 6 in nicotiana benthamiana enhances gene silencing induced by foxtail mosaic virus. | | 2017 | 28541405 |
| tobacco rattle virus (trv)-mediated silencing of nicotiana benthamiana argonautes (nbagos) reveals new antiviral candidates and dominant effects of trv-nbago1. | the objective of this study was to determine the contribution of different argonaute proteins in nicotiana benthamiana (nbagos) to the defense against silencing sensitive gfp-expressing viral constructs based on tomato bushy stunt virus (tbsv) (tombusvirus), sunn-hemp mosaic virus (tobamovirus), and foxtail mosaic virus (potexvirus). upon tobacco rattle virus (trv)-mediated down-regulation of nbago1, 4, 5, or 6, no effects were noted on susceptibility to any virus construct, whereas knockdown of ... | 2017 | 28636437 |
| the open reading frame 5a of foxtail mosaic virus is expressed in vivo and is dispensable for systemic infection. | infectious transcripts were successfully derived from full-length cdna clones of foxtail mosaic potexvirus (fomv). full-length clones were constructed by rt-pcr whereby 5' and 3' genomic segments of 2.7 and 3.4 kb, respectively, were ligated into bluescript ii ks. the in vitro rna transcripts were infectious to moncotyledonous (barley) and dicotyledonous (chenopodium amaranticolor) plant species. individual mutation studies on clones of each of the five major orfs confirmed predicted gene functi ... | 2000 | 11003477 |
| in planta production of flock house virus transencapsidated rna and its potential use as a vaccine. | we have developed a transencapsidated vaccine delivery system based on the insect virus, flock house virus (fhv). fhv is attractive due to its small genome size, simple organization, and nonpathogenic characteristics. with the insertion of a tobacco mosaic virus (tmv) origin of assembly (oa), the independently replicating fhv rna1 can be transencapsidated by tmv coat protein. in this study, we demonstrated that the oa-adapted fhv rna1 transencapsidation process can take place in planta, by using ... | 2015 | 25432792 |
| transgenic down-regulation of argonaute2 expression in nicotiana benthamiana interferes with several layers of antiviral defenses. | the present study aimed to analyze the contribution of nicotiana benthamiana argonaute2 (nbago2) to its antiviral response against different viruses. for this purpose, dsrna hairpin technology was used to reduce nbago2 expression in transgenic plants as verified with rt-pcr. this reduction was specific because the expression of other nbagos was not affected, and did not cause obvious developmental defects under normal growth conditions. inoculation of transgenic plants with an otherwise silencin ... | 2015 | 26454664 |
| a foxtail mosaic virus vector for virus-induced gene silencing in maize. | plant viruses have been widely used as vectors for foreign gene expression and virus-induced gene silencing (vigs). a limited number of viruses have been developed into viral vectors for the purposes of gene expression or vigs in monocotyledonous plants, and among these, the tripartite viruses brome mosaic virus and cucumber mosaic virus have been shown to induce vigs in maize (zea mays). we describe here a new dna-based vigs system derived from foxtail mosaic virus (fomv), a monopartite virus t ... | 2016 | 27208311 |
| comparative analysis of antiviral responses in brachypodium distachyon and setaria viridis reveals conserved and unique outcomes among c3 and c4 plant defenses. | viral diseases cause significant losses in global agricultural production, yet little is known about grass antiviral defense mechanisms. we previously reported on host immune responses triggered by panicum mosaic virus (pmv) and its satellite virus (spmv) in the model c3 grass brachypodium distachyon. to aid comparative analyses of c3 and c4 grass antiviral defenses, here, we establish b. distachyon and setaria viridis (a c4 grass) as compatible hosts for seven grass-infecting viruses, including ... | 2014 | 25296115 |