| the effect of acetylethyleneimine upon a strain of inactivated foot-and-mouth disease virus stored at 4 degrees c. | the presence of either thiosulphate-neutralized or free aei was shown to degrade inactivated foot-and-mouth disease virus type o (hong kong) antigen during storage at 4 degrees c. deterioration was evident after 20 weeks of storage and little antigen remained at 36 weeks. optimum stability was obtained by removing the residual inactivant immediately after inactivation. | 1975 | 166627 |
| [serological study of several strains of foot-and-mouth disease virus type "o" isolated in europe between 1971 and 1975: application of the biomathematical system of classification]. | nine strains of foot-and-mouth disease virus type "o" received in our laboratories since 1971 have been studied serologically by osler's quantitative method of complement fixation (50% hemolysis). the results, submitted to the biomathematical system of bidimensional classification, allow to conclude that at present in europe there are two groups of foot-and-mouth disease strains of type "o"; one has reference to our vaccinal strain "o lausanne 1965" and the other to "o romania 1972" strain, whic ... | 1976 | 198285 |
| functional aspects of the capsid structure of mengo virus. | the three-dimensional structure of the mengo virus capsid has been determined at a resolution of 3.0 a. this achievement is discussed in an historical context, and the general features of picornavirus capsid design are presented. the dynamic functional aspects of the mengo virus capsid--namely its ability to interact with specific receptors on host cells, to dissociate and release the viral genomic rna into the cellular cytoplasm, to assemble with progeny rna molecules and form new virions, and ... | 1990 | 1965133 |
| an epitope located at the c terminus of isolated vp1 of foot-and-mouth disease virus type o induces neutralizing activity but poor protection. | both whole virus particles and isolated vp1 of foot-and-mouth disease virus type o1 induce neutralizing antibodies. results obtained with pigs vaccinated with either isolated vp1 or intact particles and subsequently challenged show that neutralizing activity induced by intact virus correlates well with protection in pigs, whereas neutralizing activity induced by isolated vp1 confers little or no protection. further evidence suggests that the epitope responsible for the induction of neutralizing ... | 1986 | 2418152 |
| [synthetic peptides simulating the protective epitopes of vp1 protein of foot-and-mouth disease virus type o and a]. | in a search of novel approaches to cattle protection from foot-and-mouth disease we have prepared a series of peptides from the major antigenic region 130-160 of the vp1 protein. the 144-159 peptide as well as 141-152, 141-148, 148-159 segments (strain o1k) were inactive in all in vitro and in vivo experiments on virus inhibiting. on the other band, synthetic 136-152, 136-148 o1k sequences as well as 131-149, 140-149 a22 sequences afforded 50 to 100% protection, both in the free state and conjug ... | 1987 | 2445357 |
| [subtypes of the foot-and-mouth disease virus type o. their antigenic and immunologic properties and mutual relationships]. | | 1964 | 4284199 |
| isolation of a variant strain of foot-and-mouth disease virus (type o) during passage in partly immunized cattle. | | 1966 | 4288864 |
| [trials of vaccination ff swine against foot-and-mouth disease virus type o with a live vaccine obtained through mouse brain passage]. | | 1966 | 4293435 |
| [cultivation of foot-and-mouth disease virus type o in tissue cultures and utilization of its mutability for the production of new vaccine strains]. | | 1966 | 4293437 |
| [comparatve serological and immunological study of strains of foot-and-mouth disease virus type "o" isolated in europe between 1963 and 1966]. | | 1967 | 4303616 |
| attenuation of foot-and-mouth disease virus type "o" by serial passages in goats. | | 1968 | 4303693 |
| [peculiarities of a cold variant of foot-and-mouth disease virus (type o)]. | | 1970 | 4324049 |
| hybridization studies with subtypes and mutants of foot-and-mouth disease virus type o. | | 1972 | 4338334 |
| three variants of foot-and-mouth disease virus type o: cell culture characteristics and antigenic differences. | | 1972 | 4340052 |
| three variants of foot-and-mouth disease virus type o: agar gel diffusion reactions. | | 1972 | 4340053 |
| three variants of foot-and-mouth disease virus type o: exposure of cattle. | | 1972 | 4340054 |
| effect of storage at -20 degrees c on the infectivity of foot-and-mouth disease virus type o. | | 1969 | 5400817 |
| some virus diseases of domestic animals in the sultanate of oman. | little is known of the occurrence of animal virus diseases in the sultanate of oman. this paper reports the results of a countrywide survey carried out in 1978 to establish the prevalence of some important viral pathogens of domestic animals with the dual purpose of providing baselines for future investigations and guidelines for those entrusted with disease control. foot-and-mouth disease virus type o, previously identified in oman in 1976, was isolated from clinically affected animals. in addi ... | 1980 | 6251586 |
| multiple genetic variants arise in the course of replication of foot-and-mouth disease virus in cell culture. | the genetic heterogeneity generated upon passage of foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv) in cell culture has been evaluated by t1-oligonucleotide fingerprinting of genomic rna. plaque-purified fmdv o-s7 and c-s8 were propagated by serial low multiplicity infections of bhk-21 (c-13) or ibrs-2 (c-26) cells. in independent parallel passage of the same virus, different oligonucleotide variations were fixed in the rnas. t1-oligonucleotide fingerprinting of rna from 34 individual viral clones derived f ... | 1983 | 6310859 |
| rapid coagglutination test for the detection and typing of foot and mouth disease virus. | protein a containing staphylococcus aureus was used to develop a coagglutination (coa) test for the detection and typing of foot and mouth disease virus (fmdv) o, a and c serotypes in infected cells and tissues. different batches and amounts of guinea pig anti-fmdv sera were assessed to optimize the preparation of coa conjugates. the sensitivity and specificity of the coa test for the detection of fmdv o, a and c serotypes and heterologous viruses was also characterized. comparison between the c ... | 1994 | 7714052 |
| molecular epidemiology of foot-and-mouth disease virus type o. | a phylogenetic tree based on the vpi sequences of type o foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv) has been derived. direct sequencing of pcr products has been used to obtain the vp1 gene sequences of new isolates. the tree exhibits four main lineages that largely correlate with the geographical origin of isolates. the analysis supports a close relationship between european o1 field isolates and vaccine strains, with the exception of o thalheim aus/81 and o wuppertal ger/82 which were probably of non- ... | 1993 | 8409952 |
| the foot and mouth disease virus type o outbreak of 1992 is not related to vaccine strain (o/r2/75). | vaccination is the only pragmatic approach to control foot and mouth disease in india. strict quality control measures are essential to supply potent vaccine to the field application, in addition to monitoring the performance of the vaccine in the field. during the process of monitoring, an outbreak of fmd in vaccinated animals caused by type "o" virus in tanjavur district of tamil nadu and a type "o" virus from unvaccinated herd of karnataka were studied. field isolates and vaccine virus were s ... | 1998 | 9608661 |
| genetic analysis of foot-and-mouth disease virus type o isolates responsible for field outbreaks in india between 1993 and 1999. | partial nucleotide sequence at the 3' end of id (vp1-encoding) gene of 90 foot-and-mouth disease virus type o isolates recovered from field outbreaks in india between 1993-9 were determined. the sequences were compared with each other and reference viruses. the published sequences of 15 type o isolates recovered from different parts of asia and one isolate (o1bfs) from europe and one from egypt (o1/sharquia/egypt/72) were also included in the analysis for comparison. on the basis of phylogenetic ... | 2000 | 11218224 |
| foot-and-mouth disease virus can utilize the c-terminal extension of coxsackievirus a9 vp1 for cell infection. | foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv) is known to employ the conserved arg-gly-asp (rgd) tripeptide located on the variable betag-betah loop of the vp1 capsid protein for binding to cells. coxsackievirus a9 (cav9) also carries an rgd sequence, but on a short c-terminal extension of its vp1 and in a different amino acid context. this apparent relationship raised the question of whether insertion of the heterologous cav9 sequence into fmdv would influence infection by the genetically modified fmdv. ... | 2001 | 11413382 |
| enhancement of the immunity to foot-and-mouth disease virus by dna priming and protein boosting immunization. | subunit vaccination is effective in eliciting humoral responses to a variety of viral antigens, however, it has not generated persistent protective immunity to foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv). in this study, we observed that priming mice with a dna plasmid encoding vp1 of the fmdv o/taiwan/97 capsid protein followed by boosting with a vp1 peptide conjugate (p29-klh) resulted in production of not only high titers of antibodies but also antibodies with fmdv neutralizing activities. moreover, t ... | 2001 | 11427276 |
| early antibody responses of cattle for foot-and-mouth disease quadrivalent double oil emulsion vaccine. | foot-and-mouth disease (fmd) is an economically important disease of cloven-hoofed animals. the multiplicity of fmdv serotypes in animals poses a central problem in the policy of vaccination and is of much concern to health authorities. hence it is the practice of vaccination with polyvalent vaccine for prophylactic measure. in the present report, we analysed the early antibody responses elicited by fmdv quadrivalent (fmdv o, a, c and asia 1 serotypes) double emulsion (montanide isa 206) vaccine ... | 2002 | 12034538 |
| quantities of infectious virus and viral rna recovered from sheep and cattle experimentally infected with foot-and-mouth disease virus o uk 2001. | the profiles of virus production and excretion have been established for sheep experimentally infected with the uk 2001 strain of foot-and-mouth disease (fmd) virus by inoculation and by direct and intensive contact. virus replicated rapidly in the inoculated sheep, from which a peak infectivity of airborne virus of 10(4.3) tcid(50) per sheep per 24 h was recovered. around 24 h later, contact-infected sheep excreted airborne virus maximally. similar amounts of airborne virus were recovered from ... | 2002 | 12124455 |
| the complete nucleotide sequence of the panasia strain of foot-and-mouth disease virus isolated in japan. | the complete nucleotide sequence of the foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv) o/jpn/2000 strain, the panasia strain, was determined by cycle sequencing and primer walking. the 5' end of the genome upstream from homopolymeric poly(c) tract (s-fragment) was 367 nucleotides in length, and the remainder of the genome (l-fragment), excepting the poly(a) tail, was 7808 nucleotides. the l-fragment contains a single open reading frame of 6996 nucleotides terminating at a uaa codon 96 bases from the 3' pol ... | 2002 | 12416675 |
| molecular characterization of foot-and-mouth disease virus o/skr/2000. | molecular cloning and sequencing of the genome of foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv) o/skr/2000, one of panasia strain, were performed from fmdv infected cattle. from the poly (c) tract of the 5' nontranslated region (ntr) to the 3' ntr including 14 base pairs (bp) of poly (a) tail, 7813 bp sequences comprising approximately 95% of the whole genome were obtained by reverse transcription polymerase reaction (rt-pcr). the deduced amino acid sequences of the structural and nonstructural proteins ( ... | 2002 | 12457959 |
| serotype and vp1 gene sequence of a foot-and-mouth disease virus from hong kong (2002). | the nucleotide sequence of the vp1 coding region of foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv) strain hkn/2002, isolated from a disease outbreak occurring in hong kong in february 2002, was determined and compared with the sequences of other fmdvs. the vp1 coding region was 639 nucleotides in length and encoded a protein of 213 amino acid residues. comparison of the vp1 nucleotide sequence with those of other isolates indicated that hkn/2002 belonged to serotype o. a vp1-based sequence similarity tree ... | 2003 | 12646228 |
| comparisons of the complete genomes of asian, african and european isolates of a recent foot-and-mouth disease virus type o pandemic strain (panasia). | during the last 12 years, a strain of foot-and-mouth disease (fmd) virus serotype o, named panasia, has spread from india throughout southern asia and the middle east. during 2000, this strain caused outbreaks in the republic of korea, japan, russia (primorsky territory), mongolia and south africa (kwazulu-natal province), areas which last experienced fmd outbreaks in 1934, 1908, 1964, 1974 and 1957, respectively. in february 2001, the panasia strain spread to the united kingdom where, in just o ... | 2003 | 12771429 |
| model of the equine rhinitis a virus capsid: identification of a major neutralizing immunogenic site. | mouse monoclonal antibodies (mabs) were employed to select neutralization escape mutants of equine rhinitis a virus (erav). amino acid changes in the erav mutants resulting in resistance to neutralization were identified in capsid protein vp1 at lys-114, pro-240 and thr-241. although the changes were located in different parts of the polypeptide chain, these mutants exhibited cross-resistance against all four mabs employed, indicating that these residues contribute to a single immunogenic site. ... | 2003 | 12917457 |
| a synthetic peptide containing the consensus sequence of the g-h loop region of foot-and-mouth disease virus type-o vp1 and a promiscuous t-helper epitope induces peptide-specific antibodies but fails to protect cattle against viral challenge. | a pilot study was carried out in cattle to determine the immunogenicity of a synthetic consensus peptide comprising the g-h loop region of foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv) type-o vp1 and a non-vp1 t-helper (th) epitope. cattle vaccinated intramuscularly either once (n = 5) or twice (n = 4) with 50 microg of the peptide preparation at a 21-day interval developed antibodies to the peptide as determined by elisa with the exception of one steer that received a single dose. however, neutralizing a ... | 2003 | 12922108 |
| [culture of foot and mouth disease virus (type o) in swine kidney tissues. i. study of infectivity]. | | 1957 | 13470421 |
| studies of quantitative parameters of virus excretion and transmission in pigs and cattle experimentally infected with foot-and-mouth disease virus. | foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv) can be spread by a variety of mechanisms and the rate of spread, the incubation period and the severity of disease depend on a multitude of parameters, including the strain of virus, the dose received, the route of introduction, the animal species and the husbandry conditions. more knowledge with regard to these parameters is urgently needed to improve resource-efficient disease control. this report describes detailed studies of fmdv load, excretion and transm ... | 2003 | 14554125 |
| role of nonstructural proteins 3a and 3b in host range and pathogenicity of foot-and-mouth disease virus. | the genome of foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv) differs from that of other picornaviruses in that it encodes a larger 3a protein (>50% longer than poliovirus 3a), as well as three copies of protein 3b (also known as vpg). previous studies have shown that a deletion of amino acids 93 to 102 of the 153-codon 3a protein is associated with an inability of a taiwanese strain of fmdv (o/taw/97) to cause disease in bovines. recently, an asian virus with a second 3a deletion (amino acids 133 to 143) h ... | 2003 | 14645558 |
| deconvolution of fully overlapped reflections from crystals of foot-and-mouth disease virus o1 g67. | foot-and-mouth disease virus o(1) g67 forms crystals that appear similar to those of the closely related viruses o(1)k and o(1)bfs, both of which belong to space group i23. statistical disorder in the o(1) g67 crystals means, however, that the measured diffraction data possess higher symmetry consistent with point group 432. it is shown that this is due to intimate twinning, with mosaic blocks randomly distributed between the two orientations. this results in a twofold loss of information due to ... | 1995 | 15299317 |
| procedures for preventing transmission of foot-and-mouth disease virus (o/taw/97) by people. | the aim of this study was to determine personal hygiene protocols and animal avoidance periods needed to prevent transmission of fmdv (o/taw/97). forty-six, 9-week-old barrows free of fmdv were randomly allocated to five treatment groups and a control group. investigators contacted and sampled fmdv-inoculated pigs for approximately 40 min and then contacted and sampled sentinel pigs after using no biosecurity procedures, washing hands and donning clean outerwear, or showering and donning clean o ... | 2004 | 15504585 |
| validation of binary ethyleneimine (bei) used as an inactivant for foot and mouth disease tissue culture vaccine. | the complete inactivation of foot and mouth disease (fmd) virus is a critical requirement in the production of fmd vaccine to ensure the safety of the product. binary ethyleneimine (bei) is an aziridine compound, produced from bromoethylamine hydrobromide (bea) commonly used for the inactivation of fmd virus during vaccine manufacturing. the validation of bei, when used as an inactivant, is essential to ensure the quality of the inactivating agent and the validity of the process. in the present ... | 2004 | 15536046 |
| protective immune response against foot-and-mouth disease virus challenge in guinea pigs vaccinated with recombinant p1 polyprotein expressed in pichia pastoris. | vaccination of the susceptible livestock with potent, safe and cost effective vaccine is the primary requirement to control foot-and-mouth disease (fmd) in an endemic country. in this study, an alternative approach was used in which structural protein genes of all the four serotypes of fmdv (o, asia 1, a22 and c) were expressed separately in methylotrophic yeast pichia pastoris. the recombinant polyproteins (p1) were characterized by sds-page and in western blot analysis. partially purified prot ... | 2005 | 15662485 |
| the nucleotide sequence of foot-and-mouth disease virus o/fra/1/2001 and comparison with its british parental strain o/ukg/35/2001. | the complete nucleotide sequence of foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv) o/fra/1/2001 (bovine isolate) was determined from five cdna clones covering most of the genome and compared with the british porcine isolate (o/ukg/35/2001) it originated from. seven substitutions, out of which three resulted in amino acid changes (in the leader protease, 3a protein and 3d rna-dependent rna polymerase sequences) were identified and confirmed by direct sequencing of rt-pcr products obtained from in vitro infe ... | 2005 | 15681075 |
| immune response in guinea pigs vaccinated with dna vaccine of foot-and-mouth disease virus o/china99. | in order to obtain the gene p12x3c of foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv o/china99) that includes full length p1, 2a, 3c and part of 2b and 3b, the site mutation strategy was used. the recombinant plasmid pcdna3.1/p12x3c was transfected into bhk-21 cells. the capsid proteins of fmdv expressed in bhk-21 cells were confirmed by sandwich-elisa and indirect immunofluorescence test. then the plasmid pcdna3.1/p12x3c was administered to guinea pigs intramuscularly, and purified fmdv o/china993d protein ... | 2005 | 15837227 |
| comparison of immune responses after intra-typic heterologous and homologous vaccination against foot-and-mouth disease virus infection in pigs. | this study compares the immune responses and protection induced by intra-typic heterologous vaccination with that induced by homologous vaccination against challenge with foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv). humoral and cell-mediated immune responses and protection against challenge with fmdv o taiwan were examined in a non-vaccinated group, a group vaccinated with o taiwan fmd vaccine and a group vaccinated with o manisa fmd vaccine. five pigs from each group were challenged with fmdv type o ta ... | 2006 | 16289709 |
| development of synthetic peptide elisa based on nonstructural protein 2c of foot and mouth disease virus. | it was reported that the sera of convalescent animals contain antibodies to foot and mouth disease (fmd) virus (fmdv) 2c, highly conserved nonstructural protein (nsp), whereas the sera of vaccinated animals do not. but elisa methods using this protein were not reported and developed until recently. in this study, nsp 2c peptides were synthesized within the amino acid sequence of the conserved 2c nonstructural region of fmdv according to the sequences from genbank database and used for identifyin ... | 2005 | 16293996 |
| exposure of mongolian gazelles (procapra gutturosa) to foot and mouth disease virus. | foot and mouth disease is a highly contagious acute viral disease that affects most ruminant and porcine species. during 2001, 33 serum samples were collected from mongolian gazelles (procapra gutturosa) in the eastern steppe of mongolia. samples were tested for antibodies to seven subtypes of foot-and-mouth-disease virus (fmdv). antibodies were detected in 67% of the animals, and serologic results indicated exposure to fmdv-o. this virus was present in domestic animal populations in mongolia fr ... | 2006 | 16699158 |
| reconstruction of a swine sla-i protein complex and determination of binding nonameric peptides derived from the foot-and-mouth disease virus. | no experimental system to date is available to identify viral t-cell epitopes in swine. in order to reconstruct the system for identification of short antigenic peptides, the swine sla-2 gene was linked to the beta(2)m gene via (g4s)3, a linker encoding a 15-amino acid glycine-rich sequence (g4s)3, using splicing overlap extension-pcr (soe-pcr). the maltose binding protein (mbp)-sla-2-(g4s)3-beta(2)m fusion protein was expressed and purified in a pmal-p2x/escherichia coli tb1 system. the purifie ... | 2006 | 16870265 |
| phylogenetic analysis of foot-and-mouth disease virus type o re-emerging in free areas of south america. | the nucleotide sequences of the complete vp(1)-coding region of foot-and-mouth disease viruses (fmdv), type o, isolated during the recent emergencies of the disease in free areas of south america (mato grosso do sul, brazil, october 2005, and corrientes, argentina, february 2006), were determined. also established were the complete vp(1)-coding sequences of viruses occurring in neighbouring locations between the years 2000 and 2003. a phylogenetic analysis was performed based on comparison with ... | 2007 | 17056146 |
| serological and mucosal immune responses after vaccination and infection with fmdv in pigs. | the aim of this study was to determine a possible correlation between humoral immune responses shortly after vaccination and protection against foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv) infection and to study the serological and mucosal antibody responses after vaccination and infection. we used three groups of ten pigs, one non-vaccinated group, one group vaccinated with a single dose vaccine and one group vaccinated with a four-fold dose vaccine. at 7 days post vaccination, five pigs per group were ... | 2007 | 17157418 |
| development of an epitope-blocking-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to differentiate between animals infected with and vaccinated against foot-and-mouth disease virus. | an epitope-blocking elisa (eb-elisa) was developed to distinguish animals infected with foot-and-mouth-disease (fmdv) from those immunized with commercial vaccines. the assay used monoclonal antibodies to target the 3b core repeat motif (qkplk) and purified recombinant 3ab proteins from the major b cell line epitopes of fmdv. sera from uninfected and regularly vaccinated cattle, pigs, goats, and sheep (raised in fmdv free areas) were screened to evaluate the specificity of the eb-elisa. the spec ... | 2007 | 17336400 |
| immunogenicity of plasmids encoding p12a and 3c of fmdv and swine il-18. | in this paper, two recombinant plasmids (pvir-p12ail18-3c and pvir-p12a-3c) containing foot and mouth disease virus (fmdv) capsid polypeptide, 3c coding regions of o/ny00 and using/or not swine il18 as a genetic adjuvant were constructed, and evaluated for their ability to induce humoral and cellular responses in mice and swine. in addition, the ability to protect swine against homologous virus challenge was examined. mice and swine were given booster vaccination twice and once, respectively, an ... | 2007 | 17606304 |
| foot-and-mouth disease virus (o/ukg/2001) is poorly transmitted between sheep by the airborne route. | foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv) can be spread by the airborne route and therefore atmospheric dispersion models have been developed to predict where the virus might spread during a disease outbreak. airborne transmission between sheep of the fmdv strain involved in the outbreak in europe in 2001 (o/ukg/2001) was studied experimentally. recipient animals were exposed to two donor sheep excreting virus for 2, 4, 6, 8 or 24 h. although fmdv was detected in air samples collected during challenge ... | 2008 | 17629524 |
| the complete genome sequence of foot-and-mouth disease virus o/akesu/58 strain and its some molecular characteristics. | the complete genome of o/akesu/58 strain of foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv) was sequenced. the phylogenetic analysis revealed that it is not closely related to epidemic strains or previous strains compared with reference sequences (the identities of complete vp1 nucleotide sequences range from 77.5 to 84.0%). its cell-receptor-binding site is a sgd (ser-gly-asp) motif instead of rgd (arg-gly-asp), and 43 bases were deleted in pks region of the 5'utr, although deletions were not found in othe ... | 2007 | 17680320 |
| genetic and phenotypic variation of foot-and-mouth disease virus during serial passages in a natural host. | foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv), like other rna viruses, exhibits high mutation rates during replication that have been suggested to be of adaptive value. however, even though genetic variation in rna viruses and, more specifically, fmdv has been extensively examined during virus replication in a wide variety of in vitro cell cultures, very little is known regarding the generation and effects of genetic variability of virus replication in the natural host under experimental conditions and no ... | 2007 | 17686868 |
| myocarditis associated with foot-and-mouth disease virus type o in lambs. | the present study describes the pathogenetic mechanisms of myocarditis in 9 lambs that died in a foot-and-mouth disease outbreak in samsun, turkey. in all the heart samples tested, elisa and sequencing for phylogenetic analyses showed that the virus, namely o/tur/samsun/05, was associated with the panasia pandemic strain of foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv) type o. the lambs had myocardial lesions but no typical vesicular lesions. in situ reverse transcription showed that many cardiomyocytes a ... | 2007 | 17846231 |
| cytokine mrna responses in bovine epithelia during foot-and-mouth disease virus infection. | foot-and-mouth disease (fmd) remains the single most important constraint to international trade in live animals and animal products. the factors which regulate the pathogenesis and persistence of foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv) are poorly understood. mrna levels of the inflammatory cytokines interleukin (il)-1alpha, tumour necrosis factor (tnf)-alpha and the antiviral cytokines interferon (ifn)-alpha, beta and gamma in microdissected epithelium from cattle acutely infected with fmdv o ukg 3 ... | 2009 | 17920964 |
| development and characterization of monoclonal antibodies against fmd virus type asia-1 and determination of antigenic variations in the field strains. | twelve mouse monoclonal antibodies (mabs) were developed against an indian vaccine strain of foot and mouth disease virus (fmdv) type asia-1 wbn 117/85. the mabs were tested for their ability to bind to whole virus particle, trypsin-treated 146s (tt-146s) virus particle, sub-viral (12s and disrupted virus) antigens by elisa and to neutralize virus infectivity in cell culture. extensive characterization of mabs revealed the existence of three different groups based on the binding of non-overlappi ... | 2008 | 18291535 |
| quantitative analysis of foot-and-mouth disease virus rna duration in tissues of experimentally infected pigs. | quantitative analysis of the duration of foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv) rna in tissues was carried out in pigs experimentally infected with fmdv o ukg 34/2001 and o skr 1/2000. the results showed that the viral rna was still detectable in cervical lymph nodes, mandibular lymph nodes and tonsils collected from both inoculated and contact pigs at 28 days post infection. there was no detectable viral rna in the soft palate or pharynx, which are thought to be tissue sites for viral persistence ... | 2009 | 18294878 |
| sequence analysis of the protein-coding regions of foot-and-mouth disease virus o/hk/2001. | the nucleotide sequence of the protein-coding region of foot-mouth-disease virus (fmdv) strain o/hk/2001 was determined and compared with the sequences of other fmdvs that were registered in genbank. the protein-coding region was 6966 nucleotides in length and encoded a protein of 2322 amino acid residues. comparison of the nucleotide sequence and its deduced amino acid sequence with those of other isolates indicated that o/hk/2001 belonged to the cathay topotype. a genomic coding region nucleot ... | 2008 | 18343054 |
| transmission pathways of foot-and-mouth disease virus in the united kingdom in 2007. | foot-and-mouth disease (fmd) virus causes an acute vesicular disease of domesticated and wild ruminants and pigs. identifying sources of fmd outbreaks is often confounded by incomplete epidemiological evidence and the numerous routes by which virus can spread (movements of infected animals or their products, contaminated persons, objects, and aerosols). here, we show that the outbreaks of fmd in the united kingdom in august 2007 were caused by a derivative of fmdv o(1) bfs 1860, a virus strain h ... | 2008 | 18421380 |
| induction of protective immunity in swine by immunization with live attenuated recombinant pseudorabies virus expressing the capsid precursor encoding regions of foot-and-mouth disease virus. | foot-and-mouth disease (fmd) causes morbidity to livestock and serious economic consequences to its associated industry and therefore it is necessary to develop a safe and efficient vaccine to prevent or control this disease. a recombinant live attenuated virus vaccine, designated prv-p1, was generated by insertion of an expression cassette containing cmv promoter, fmdv p1 gene and sv 40 poly-a into the gg gene region of a live attenuated pseudorabies virus vaccine strain (tk-/gg-/lacz+). to det ... | 2008 | 18436351 |
| comparison of the characters of the plaque-purified viruses from foot-and-mouth disease virus o/jpn/2000. | at least two biotypes were observed at the 2nd passage stage after the isolation of foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv) o/jpn/2000 strain. these 2 types of viruses differed from their plaque phenotypes and were distinguishable by using a monoclonal antibody (mab) 64g8 that was made for the fmdv o/jpn/2000 strain. one of these 2 biotypes formed small plaque (sp) and with immuno staining showed a positive reaction to mab 64g8, while the other formed clear large plaque (lp) and did not react with m ... | 2008 | 18685235 |
| enhancing effects of the chemical adjuvant levamisole on the dna vaccine pvir-p12a-il18-3c. | dna-based vaccination is an attractive alternative for overcoming the disadvantages of inactivated virus vaccines; however, dna vaccines alone often generate only weak immune responses. in this study, the efficacy of lms as a chemical adjuvant on a dna vaccine (pvir-p12a-il18-3c) encoding the p1-2a and 3c genes of the fmdv and swine il-18, which provides protection against fmdv challenge, was tested. all test pigs were administered booster vaccinations 28 days after the initial inoculation, and ... | 2008 | 19039952 |
| influence of exposure intensity on the efficiency and speed of transmission of foot-and-mouth disease. | foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv) can be spread by direct animal-to-animal contact, indirect contact facilitated by contaminated materials or by airborne spread. the rate of spread and the incubation period, as well as the severity of disease, depends on many variables including the dose received, the route of introduction, the virus strain, the animal species and the conditions under which the animals are kept. quantitative data related to these variables are needed if model predictions are t ... | 2009 | 19215941 |
| construction of a recombinant bhv-1 expressing the vp1 gene of foot and mouth disease virus and its immunogenicity in a rabbit model. | foot-and-mouth disease (fmd) and infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (ibr) are two important infectious diseases of cattle. using bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bhv-1) as a gene delivery vector for development of live-viral vaccines has gained widespread interest. in this study, a recombinant bhv-1 was constructed by inserting the synthetic fmdv (o/china/99) vp1 gene in the the ge locus of bhv-1 genome under the control of immediately early gene promoter of human cytomegalovirus (phie cmv) and bovine ... | 2009 | 19343503 |
| construction of an infectious cdna clone of foot-and-mouth disease virus type o 1 bfs 1860 and its use in the preparation of candidate vaccine. | foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv) serotype o is the most predominant among the endemic serotypes in india. a stable,full-length cdna clone of fmdv type o 1 bfs 1860 preceded by a bacteriophage t7 polymerase promoter was assembled in a plasmid vector pgem r- - 7zf(-). an 8.2 kb pcr product was amplified from the cdna clone and a full-length rna was generated from it by in vitro transcription.transfection of bhk-21 cells with the in vitro transcripts resulted in the production of infectious reco ... | 2009 | 19430118 |
| calcium phosphate nanoparticle prepared with foot and mouth disease virus p1-3cd gene construct protects mice and guinea pigs against the challenge virus. | calcium phosphate nanoparticles provide safe and easily manufactured vaccine adjuvant and delivery system for dna vaccines. in the present study fmdv "o" p1-3cd dna vaccine was encapsulated in calcium phosphate nanoparticles of size 50-100 nm diameters. the maximum loading and entrapment efficiency of nanoparticles were studied by spectrophotometer, as well as agarose gel electrophoresis. in vitro transfection efficiency of these calcium phosphate nanoparticles was found to be as good as commerc ... | 2009 | 19505774 |
| neutralizing monoclonal antibody sandwich liquid-phase blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of foot-and-mouth disease virus type o antibodies. | liquid-phase blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (lpbe) using the neutralizing monoclonal antibody (mab) sandwich method (m-lpbe) for detection of foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv) type o antibodies was developed. two neutralizing mabs, 72c1 and 65h6, were raised against the fmdv o/jpn/2000 strain, and used as trapping and peroxidase-labeled detecting antibodies, respectively. sera from animals experimentally infected with fmdv showed specific positive results by m-lpbe, which were corr ... | 2009 | 19564498 |
| [construction and identification of recombinant bhv-1 expressing foot and mouth disease virus vp1 gene]. | in order to construct the recombinant bovine hepervirus-1 (bhv-1) which expressed foot and mouth disease virus (fmdv) vp1 gene, we constructed a bhv-1 ge gene transfer vector by inserting the synthetic vp1 gene of fmdv (o/china/99) under the immediate-early promoter of cytomegalovirus. | 2009 | 19637579 |
| [molecular design and immunogenicity of a multiple-epitope foot-and-mouth disease virus antigen, adjuvants, and dna vaccination]. | we designed and constructed a fuse expression gene oaat and staphylococcal enterotoxin a (sea) on the basis of the oaat designed and constructed which consists of the structural protein vp1 genes from serotypes a and o fmdv, 5 major vp1 immunodominant epitopes from two genotypes of asia1 serotype, and 3 th2 epitopes originating from the non-structural protein, 3abc gene and structural protein vp4 gene. the recombinant plasmids pea was constructed using sea as a genetic adjuvant. expressions of t ... | 2009 | 19637624 |
| [fusion expression of escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin b subunit gene and foot-and-mouth disease virus type o vp1 gene and immunogenicity analysis]. | ltb gene fragment was amplified by pcr from plasmid pmdtlt, and a recombinant plasmid petltbvp1 was constructed by inserting ltb gene fragment into vp1 gene expression plasmid petvp1 constructed previously. the recombinant plasmids were transformed into e. coli bl21(de3) and induced to express by iptg. the recombinant protein existed in the inclusion body and its molecular weight was about 39 kd proved by sds-page analysis. western blotting showed that the fusion protein could be reacted with bo ... | 2009 | 19637632 |
| [establishment of colloidal gold-immunochromatography assay strip for detection of type asia1 foot-and-mouth disease virus]. | to establish a sensitive, rapid and simple gold immunochromatography assay (gica) for detecting asia1 type of foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv) from the field samples. the purified anti-fmdv type asia1 monoclonal antibody labeled with colloidal gold and the goat anti-guinea pig igg were wrapped onto nitrocellulose membrane as the test line (t line) and the control line (c line), respectively. the strip was then further optimized. a total of 87 field samples were detected. the results indicated ... | 2009 | 19670648 |
| different infection parameters between dairy cows and calves after an infection with foot-and-mouth disease virus. | clinical observations of a foot-and-mouth disease (fmd) virus infection in dairy cows and calves were different. this raised the question whether they would also differ with respect to virus excretion and transmission. data were available from transmission experiments carried out with groups of dairy cows and calves. half of each group was inoculated with fmdv o/ned/2001; the other half contact-exposed to inoculated animals. virus excretion, clinical signs and antibody response were measured and ... | 2010 | 19716326 |
| [construction of an infectious cdna clone derived from foot-and-mouth disease virus o/qyys/s/06]. | after sequencing, we amplified and cloned foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv) o/qyys/s/06 whole genome by three fragments. these three fragments were cloned into vector p43 one by one to construct recombinant plasmid p43c, which carried the full-length cdna of fmdv o/qyys/s/06. then, plasmid p43c and plasmid t7 expressing t7 rna polymerase were co-transfected into bhk-21 cells. after 48 h, we harvested the culture broth from transfected bhk-21 cells and inoculated into 2-3 day-old sucking mice. ... | 2009 | 19835137 |
| genetic characterization of the cell-adapted panasia strain of foot-and-mouth disease virus o/fujian/cha/5/99 isolated from swine. | according to office international des epizooties (oie) bulletin, the panasia strain of foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv) was invaded into the people's republic of china in may 1999. it was confirmed that the outbreaks occurred in tibet, hainan and fujian provinces. in total, 1280 susceptible animals (68 cattle, 1212 swine) were destroyed for the epidemic control.to investigate the distinct biological properties, we performed plaque assay, estimated the pathogenicity in suckling mice and determ ... | 2010 | 20807416 |
| development and validation of a lateral flow immunoassay using colloidal gold for the identification of serotype-specific foot-and-mouth disease virus o, a and asia 1. | a lateral flow immunoassay (lfi) was developed to identify and diagnose foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv) serotypes o, a and asia 1. antibodies obtained from rabbits and guinea pigs immunized with cell-culture-adapted virus strains (o/cha/99, a/gs/lx/66, asia 1/chn/05) and suckling-mouse adapted virus strains (o/av99(l), a/av88(l), asia 1/ynbs/58) were used as capture antibodies. the diagnostic kit included three immunochromatographic strips of types o, a and asia 1, and the type-specific resu ... | 2010 | 20951743 |
| identification of a conserved linear epitope on the vp1 protein of serotype o foot-and-mouth disease virus by neutralising monoclonal antibody 8e8. | foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv) serotype o remains an important threat to animal husbandry worldwide, and the variability of the virus presents a major problem for fmdv vaccine design. high-affinity neutralising antibodies against a conserved epitope could provide protective immunity against diverse subtypes of fmdv serotype o and protect against future pandemics. we generated a novel monoclonal antibody (mab) 8e8 that potently neutralised infection of fmdv o/ys/cha/05 both in vitro and in v ... | 2010 | 20974198 |
| promising multiple-epitope recombinant vaccine against foot-and-mouth disease virus type o in swine. | in order to develop a completely safe immunogen to replace the traditional inactivated vaccine, a tandem-repeat multiple-epitope recombinant vaccine against foot-and-mouth disease (fmd) virus (fmdv) type o was developed. it contained three copies each of residues 141 to 160 and 200 to 213 of vp1 of the o/china/99 strain of fmdv coupled with a swine immunoglobulin g heavy-chain constant region (scigg). the data showed that the multiple-epitope recombinant vaccine elicited high titers of anti-fmdv ... | 2010 | 21084463 |
| differentiation of foot-and-mouth disease-infected pigs from vaccinated pigs using antibody-detecting sandwich elisa. | the presence of serum antibodies for nonstructural proteins of the foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv) can differentiate fmdv-infected animals from vaccinated animals. in this study, a sandwich elisa was developed for rapid detection of the foot-and-mouth disease (fmd) antibodies; it was based on an escherichia coli-expressed, highly conserved region of the 3abc nonstructural protein of the fmdv o/tw/99 strain and a monoclonal antibody derived from the expressed protein. the diagnostic sensitivi ... | 2011 | 21467761 |
| phylogenetic analysis of foot-and-mouth disease virus type o circulating in the andean region of south america during 2002-2008. | at present, foot-and-mouth disease (fmd) has been successfully controlled in most territories of south america, where only ecuador and venezuela remain as endemic countries. in this context, the precise characterization of circulating viruses is of utmost importance. this work describes the first molecular epidemiology study performed with the complete vp(1)-coding region of 114 field isolates of fmd virus (fmdv) type o, collected in the andean countries mainly during 2002-2008. sequences were a ... | 2011 | 21601999 |
| develope monoclonal antibody against foot-and-mouth disease virus a type. | in order to develop an anti-fmdv a type monoclonal antibody (mab), babl/c mice were immunized with fmdv a type. monoclonal antibodies (mabs) 7b11 and 8h4 against foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv) serotype a were produced by fusing sp2/0 myeloma cells with splenocyte from the mouse immunized with a/av88. the microneutralization titer of the mabs 7b11 and 8h4 were 1024 and 512, respectively. both mabs contain kappa light chains, the mabs were igg1. in order to define the mabs binding epitopes, t ... | 2011 | 21847759 |
| Genetic characterization of a new pandemic Southeast Asia topotype strain of serotype O foot-and-mouth disease virus isolated in China during 2010. | The full-length nucleotide sequence of the foot-and-mouth disease virus O/BY/CHA/2010 strain, Mya-98 lineage of Southeast Asia (SEA) topotype, was determined and compared with O/HKN/20/2010 and other known FMDV strains. Homology analysis indicated >98.0% nucleotide identity between O/BY/CHA/2010 and the epidemic strains, O/HKN/20/2010, and O/VN/2009. However, with the exception of the VP4, 2A, and 3BCD regions, O/BY/CHA/2010 showed a lower similarity with SEA topotype strains, O/VN/2006, and HLJ ... | 2011 | 21932049 |
| bacterial toxin fusion proteins elicit mucosal immunity against a foot-and-mouth disease virus antigen when administered intranasally to guinea pigs. | peptides corresponding to the foot-and-mouth disease virus vp1 g-h loop are capable of inducing neutralizing antibodies in some species but are considered relatively poor immunogens, especially at mucosal surfaces. however, intranasal administration of antigens along with the appropriate delivery vehicle/adjuvant has been shown to induce mucosal immune responses, and bacterial enterotoxins have long been known to be effective in this regard. in the current study, two different carrier/adjuvant a ... | 2011 | 22312350 |
| development of protective immunity against inactivated iranian isolate of foot-and-mouth disease virus type o/irn/2007 using gamma ray-irradiated vaccine on balb/c mice and guinea pigs. | foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv) causes a highly contagious disease in cloven-hoofed animals and is the most damaging disease of livestock worldwide, leading to great economic losses. the aim of this research was the inactivation of fmdv type o/irn/1/2007 to produce a gamma ray-irradiated (gri) vaccine in order to immunize mice and guinea pigs. | 2015 | 26202581 |
| foot-and-mouth disease virus o/me-sa/ind 2001 lineage outbreak in vaccinated holstein friesian cattle in saudi arabia in 2016. | foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv) is a highly contagious viral infection of large ruminants. despite the massive application of vaccines against fmdv, several outbreaks are still being reported in africa and asia. | 2018 | 30706772 |
| adjuvant effect of saponin in an oil-based monovalent (serotype o) foot-and-mouth disease virus vaccine on the antibody response in guinea pigs and cattle. | to enhance the potency of a foot-and-mouth disease (fmd) vaccine, saponin was included in the vaccine formula. in this study, the combined effect of montanide isa 50 and saponin was evaluated. two experiments were performed in guinea pigs and one in cattle to determine the optimal antigen and saponin doses. only serotype o of foot-and-mouth disease virus (o/panasia-2 of me-sa topotype) was employed in preparation of the monovalent vaccine. all animals were immunized twice with a four-week interv ... | 2021 | 33871696 |