Publications

TitleAbstractYear
Filter
PMID
Filter
biochemical and biophysical characterization of light and heavy density hepatitis a virus particles: evidence hav is an rna virus.heavy density hav was also shown to be sensitive to low concentrations of rnase. the results of these biophysical and biochemical studies strongly support the notion hav is an enterovirus.197827576
the localization of hepatitis viruses in tissues. 197943841
letter: immune electron microscopy and hepatitis a. 197545989
spread of hepatitis during renal dialysis. 197547026
advances in viral hepatitis. 197547214
immune-indian ink method for detection of hepatitis a associated antigen and antibody.tindian-ink grains coated with commercial gamma globulin (immune-indian-ink) were agglutinated by 3 percent of sera from healthy volunteer blood donors; by 4 percent of those from hospital staff in contact with patients suffering from hepatitis; and by 10 percent of those from patients with viral diseases other than hepatitis, in contrast, the rate of positive reactions was 86 percent in the case of sera taken from patients in the acute phase of an illness diagnosed as hepatitis a on the basis o ...197547703
faecal shedding of hepatitis-a antigen.serial stool specimens from two individuals with experimental hepatitis-a infection were examined and the shedding pattern of hepatitis-a antigen (haag) was determined by immune electron microscopy. haag particles were detected at least 5 days before the development of abnormal transaminase levels and jaundice, but not later than the day of peak transaminase levels. the pattern of early faecal shedding of haag particles correlated well with the early infectivity of faeces and accorded with the s ...197547999
editorial: virus hepatitis updated. 197548949
editorial: non-a, non-b? 197549656
occurrence of viral hepatitis type b and type non-b in three patients.acute viral hepatitis type b was observed in three patients convalescing from hepatitis b surface antigen (hbs ag)-negative viral hepatitis. the two types of viral hepatitis were clearly differentiated by serial hbs ag determinations with counterimmunoelectrophoresis and radioimmunoassay. these findings provide additional evidence of the lack of cross-immunity between the two types of viral hepatitis and indicate that patients with hbs ag-positive and hbs ag-negative acute viral hepatitis should ...197551040
letter: food-borne hepatitis a. 197551206
promising developments in viral hepatitis. 197551539
detection of hepatitis a viral antigen by radioimmunoassay. 197551893
letter: chimpanzee model for hepatitis-a virus. 197551977
letter: unresolved hepatitis in a patient with hepatitis a and b. 197552074
acute and chronic hepatitis in adolescents. 197552765
relationship of hepatitis a antigen to viral hepatitis.progress in research on hepatitis type a has begun to accelerate because of the recent discovery of an antigen associated specifically with hepatitis type a infection and the development of tests for antibody to the antigen. hepatitis a antigen is associated with 27 nm virus-like particles found in the liver and stool of animals experimentally infected with hepatitis type a and in the stool of humans experimentally or naturally infected with the virus. the density of the particulate antigen when ...197553012
development and utilization of complement-fixation and immune adherence tests for human hepatitis a virus and antibody.the reliable propagation of cr326 strain of human hepatitis a virus in saguinus mystax marmosets has permitted the development of specific serum neutralization, complement-fixation (cf), and immune adherence (ia) assays for hepatitis a antigen and antibody. the cf and ia assay were made possible by the use of livers of cr326-infected marmosets as a source of hepatitis a antigen. all assays were shown to be specific for hepatitis a. patients with hepatitis b did not show development of hepatitis ...197553013
clinical and serological analysis of transfusion-associated hepatitis.of 108 prospectively followed, multiply transfused, open-heart-surgery patients, 12 (11%) developed hepatitis. patients received only volunteer donor blood tested for hepatitis-b surface antigen (hbsag) prior to transfusion by counterelectrophoresis (c.e.p.). 4 of the 12 patients developed hepatitis-b-virus infection. subsequent testing of donor serums by solid-phase radioimmunoassay (r.i.a.) revealed that an r.i.a.-positive, c.e.p.-negative blood unit was transfused to 3 of the 4 type-b hepatit ...197553329
virus-like particles demonstrated by freeze-squeeze technique in acute-phase serum of patients with hbag-negative hepatitis.electromicroscopy of fluid, squeezed from excised and frozen precipitation lines obtained by immunoelectrophoresis in agarose gels of acute-phase sera from patients with hbag-negative hepatitis, revealed particles of 22, 27, and 31-41 nm. these precipitates and particles were not present in normal human sera and disappeared from the sera of the patients after recovery. these particles were still demonstrable after two years' storage at -20 degrees c.197654519
mussel-associated viral hepatitis, type a: serological confirmation.7 members of a family of 14 developed acute viral hepatitis approximately one month after a family outing. epidemiological investigation incriminated incompletely cooked mussels (mytilus edulis) as the vehicle of infection and revealed a statistically significant difference in attack-rates between mussel-ingesters (70%) and non-ingesters (0%) (p=0-035). the aetiological role of hepatitis-a virus, suspected on epidemiological grounds, was serologically confirmed by the demonstration of rises in t ...197655839
prospects for control of hepatitis. 197556004
recent advances in viral hepatitis: part i. 197657645
[prophylaxis of viral hepatitis]. 197557897
viral hepatitis in united states soldiers stationed in korea, 1967-1970: prophylactic efficacy of gamma globulin. 197658695
viral hepatitis. 197658754
[hepatitis: an international problem (author's transl)].three kinds of virus hepatitis are recognized today: hepatitis a, b, and "non a-nonb". hepatitis a is transmitted mainly by the anal-oral route, hepatitis b and probably also the third form of hepatitis principally by direct inoculation or close physical contact. normal human immune serum globulin protects against hepatitis a, but only gives limited protection against hepatitis b and "non a-non b" hepatitis. special immune serum globulin provides better protection but it is only available in sma ...197660698
the prevention of viral hepatitis.studies with heat-inactivated ms-2 serum have indicated that active immunization against hepatitis b infection can be achieved even though the virus has not been cultivated in tissue culture. the development of new biophysical, biochemical and immunological techniques has increased knowledge of the hepatitis b virus and its associated antigens. in the wake of these recent developments the accumulating evidence indicates that active immunization could be achieved by the use of purified hepatitis ...197663266
viral hepatitis research leading towards control by vaccination. 197664239
hepatitis-a-antibody in commercial lots of immune serum globulin. 197765549
non-a, non-b post-transfusion hepatitis.to clarify the role of hepatitis-a virus (h.a.v.) in the aetiology of post-transfusion hepatitis unrelated to hepatitis-b virus, we have tested and titred pre-transfusion and convalescent serum samples from 32 patients for antibody to hepatitis-a antigen (anti-ha) by quantitative immune adherence haemagglutination. 12 patients had no detectable anti-ha in either pre-transfusion or late convalescent serum; the other 20 had anti-ha in pretransfusion serum and no significant chance in titre during ...197765657
antibody to hepattis a in mentally retarded inpatients. 197766557
terminology of hepatitis viruses and antigens. recommendations of the who expert committee on viral hepatitis. 197767103
[hepatitis a]. 197773142
the three type of human viral hepatitis.infections with hepatitis a and b viruses are common in all parts of the world and constitute a major public health problem. the identification of specific antigenic markers of these viruses has led to the development of sensitive laboratory tests. these, in turn, have resulted in a better understanding of the epidemiology, pathogenesis, immunology, and the nature of these common infections. in the case of hepatitis type b, laboratory tests revealed a persistent carrier state of the surface anti ...197878770
anti-hepatitis-a antibody in spain. 197879957
limitations of commercial test for antibody to hepatitis a virus. 197984230
haab titres in hepatitis a. 197985195
elisa in hepatitis a. 197885839
radioimmunoassay diagnosis of hepatitis type a. 197986122
radioimmunoassay diagnosis of hepatitis type a. 197986123
immunoprophylaxis of viral hepatitis. 197987356
non-a non-b hepatitis associated with chronic liver disease in a haemodialysis unit.to clarify the aetiology of an outbreak of hbsag-negative acute hepatitis in the renal unit at fulham hospital in 1968--70, serological tests for antibody to hepatitis-a virus (anti-h.a.v.) were done retrospectively on serum samples obtained at the time of the outbreak. 7 patients had had two previous episodes of clinical hbsag-negative hepatitis. serum samples were available from 24 of the 29 infected patients, and these were paired in 12 instances. there was a slight increase in the titre of a ...197987618
sporadic non-a, non-b hepatitis in west london. 197988623
[studies on human immunoglobulin preparations: i. viral antibody profiles (author's transl)].a study was undertaken to assess the viral antibody spectrum in human immunoglobulin preparations from four different manufacturers for intravenous and/or intramuscular application. studies of the kind seem to be reasonable for calculating the expected therapeutic effect of the administered immunoglobulin. the investigated 16 gammaglobulin batches showed almost the same variety of viral antibodies and only slightly differring antibody titers. it is interesting to note, that antibodies to vaccini ...197989620
are there antigenic variants of hepatitis a virus? 197990289
hepatitis-a-virus exposure in the gambia. 197991064
current concepts in viral hepatitis. 197994994
transfusion-associated hepatitis not due to viral hepatitis type a or b.twenty-two patients who had an episode of transfusion-associated hepatitis not positive for hepatitis b antigen were examined for development of antibody to heaptitis a and b antigens, cytomegalovirus and epstein-barr virus. antibody response to the 27-nm virus-like hepatitis a antigen was measured by immune electron microscopy. in none of the 22 patients studied did serologic evidence of infection with hepatitis a virus develop during the study period. nine of the 22 patients had antibody respo ...1975163436
hybridisation of dane particle dna with the free plasma dna of hepatitis carriers. 1975163979
viral hepatitis, type a. identification by specific complement fixation and immune adherence tests.hepatitis a antibody was detected by specific immune adherence and complement-fixation tests in a study involving 473 serum specimens from 20 patients who had viral hepatitis, type a. in all 20 patients who had no detectable immune adherence antibody (less than 1:5) before onset of hepatitis high levels (greater than or equal to 1:1024) developed one to four weeks later, occasionally reaching peak levels exceeding greater than or equal to 1:81,920 several months thereafter. five to 10 years late ...1975164627
physical, chemical and morphologic dimensions of human hepatitis a virus strain cr326 (38578).cr326 human hepatitis a virus purified by isopycnic banding from infected marmoset sera was shown to consist of 27 nm spherical particles on electron microscopic examination. the particles were identified as hepatitis a virus by tests for infectivity and by specific neutralization of infectivity with convalescent human hepatitis a serum. also, indentical 27 nm viruses in liver extracts gave specific reactions with hepatitis a antisera when tested by immune electron microscopy. the bouyant den ...1975164674
symposium on hepatitis. milan, december 1974. summary and conclusions. 1975165203
[letter: nephrotic syndrome in a drug-addict. possible role of hepatitis virus b]. 1975165463
a specific complement-fixation test for human hepatitis a employing cr326 virus antigen. diagnosis and epidemiology.a specific diagnostic complement-fixation test for hepatitis a antibody in human serum was described employing livers of marmosets infected with cr326 strain human hepatitis a virus. persons with hepatitis a, but not hepatitis b, developed hepatitis a cf antibody shortly after the onset of illness and this persisted thereafter. good agreement was noted in the development of cf and neutralizing antibodies in hepatitis a cases. hepatitis a was shown to occur in a person with hepatitis b antigenemi ...1975165548
progress in hepatitis research.a brief account of recent developments and current nomenclature regarding the viral agents of hepatitis a and b is presented.1975165721
type a hepatitis. 1975167240
specific immune adherence assay for human hepatitis a antibody application to diagnostic and epidemiologic investigations.a specific immune adherence (ia) test for hepatitis a antibody in human serum was described employing liver extract of marmosets infected with cr326 strain human hepatitis a virus. persons with hepatitis a, but not hepatitis b, developed hepatitis a ia antibody soon after onset of the acute illness and this persisted thereafter. there was very close agreement in the tests for human hepatitis a immune adherence, complement fixing (cf) and neutralizing antibodies. ia antibodies appeared to develop ...1975167376
hepatitis types b and non-b. epidemiologic background.two episodes of acute viral hepatitis occurred in each of 34 patients. one episode in each patient was serologically diagnosable as type b hepatitis on the basis of tests for hepatitis b surface antigen or antibody. the other episode was classified as "non-b" on the basis of seronegativity, reinforced by seropositivity in an alternate bout. an epidemiologic background appropriate to "serum" hepatitis, either transfusion (one bout) or illicit self-injection (46 bouts), was associated just as freq ...1975168417
viral hepatitis--1975. 1975169401
viral hepatitis. 1975169519
viral causes of hepatitis. 1975169635
clinical and pathological findings and sequelae of viral hepatitis. 1975169636
editorial: the several viruses of post-transfusion hepatitis. 1975169948
clinical aspects of viral infections in kidney-graft recipients. 1975170042
experimental infection of chimpanzees with hepatitis a virus.the susceptibility of chimpanzees to viral hepatitis type a was examined with immine electron microscopy. of four seronegative infant chimpanzees, two were inoculated with a hepatitis a acute-phase stool filtrate rich in 27 nm virus-like hepatitis a antigen (ha ag) particles, and two were inoculated with an ha ag-negative preinfection stool filtrate. one of each pair of chimpanzees was inoculated intravenously, the other orally. one month later both chimpanzees that had received the ha ag-positi ...1975171320
viral hepatitis: recent developments and prospects for prevention.during the past decade new development in hepatitis research have shed new light on the etiologic, epidemiologic, immunologic, and prophylactic aspects of type a and b hepatitis virus infection. recent advances in hepatitis a virus research include: (1) identification of the virus as a 27 nm particle with characteristics resembling an enterovirus, (2) transmission of the infection to marmosets and chimpanzees, and (3) development of specific complement fixation and immune adherence antibody test ...1975171363
evidence for viral hepatitis other than type a or type b among persons in costa rica.in studies of hepatitis in an endemic zone in costa rica, 103 patients were examined for antibodies against hepatitts a by the immune-adherence assay, for hepatitis b antigen and its antibody by radioimmunoassay and passive hemagglutination, respectively, and for antibodies against cytomegalovirus by complement fixation. twelve cases were encountered in which both type a and type b hepatitis could be excluded on the basis of serologic testing. in all but one of these 12 patients, cytomegalovirus ...1975171577
viral hepatitis: a pathologic spectrum.acute viral hepatitis has several identifiable morphologic components but the major categories are (1) cytopathic, (2) inflammatory, and (3) regenerative. each category has independently variable characteristics. extreme alterations related to severity of disease, alteration of immune response, or pre-existing liver disease may result in diagnostic difficulties for the pathologist. in contrast to the usual concept, patients who survive fulminant viral hepatitis rarely, if ever, develop cirrhosis ...1975171949
viral hepatitis on the threshold of control. 1975171950
persistent hb antigenemia: associated clinical manifestations and hepatic lesions.the clinical, biochemical and histological features in nine asymptomatic hbs ag carriers, 15 patients with symptomatic hbs ag-positive chronic active hepatitis (cah), and 29 patients with hbs antigenemia persistent for five months or longer following a documented attack of acute viral hepatitis were compared, and contrasted with those in 67 patients with hbs ag-negative cah. the findings were remarkably similar in all groups. however, young males predominated in all three hbs ag-positive groups, ...1975171951
hepatitis in marmosets.some species of marmosets are susceptible, not only by parenteral inoculation but also by oral exposure, to human hepatitis a virus present in sera or feces. the stools of animals inoculated parenterally or orally contained fecal antigen during certain times of the incubation period and the early, acute phase of the disease; viruslike particles were present in feces of orally infected animals and such feces were infectious when inoculated into marmosets. the fecal antigen crossreacted both with ...1975171953
review of infectivity studies in nonhuman primates with virus-like particles associated with ms-1 hepatitis.using the technique of immune electron microscopy we have conducted hepatitis a infectivity studies in marmoset monkeys and chimpanzees. marmosets inoculated with human serum containing the ms-1 strain of hepatitis a virus have developed hepatitis and seroconverted to 27 nm virus-like particles isolated from stools of humans in the early acute stages of hepatitis. similar results have been observed through several marmoset subpassages, and the virus-like particles have been recovered from the li ...1975171954
biophysical and biochemical properties of cr326 human hepatitis a virus.cr326 human hepatitis a virus purified by isopycnic banding from infected marmoset sera was shown to consist of 27 mmu spherical particles on electron microscopic examination. the particles were identified as hepatitis a virus by tests by infectivity and by specific neutralization of infectivity with convalescent human hepatitis a serum. also, identical 27 mmu viruses in liver extracts gave specific reactions with hepatitis a antisera when tested by immune electron microscopy. the buoyant densit ...1975171955
viral hepatitis: clinical aspects.in the majority of instances acute viral hepatitis resolves totally without sequelae. fulminant hepatitis is a highly lethal lesion but 20 to 25 per cent of patients, principally young patients, survive. survivors do not appear to develop chronic liver disease. persistent viral hepatitis follows acute icteric hepatitis, both type b and non-b, in 10 to 12 per cent of patients. six long-term hbs ag carriers demonstrated hbs ag clearance after 14-73 months. chronic active viral hepatitis often prog ...1975171956
discussion. viral hepatitis: the agents (hepatitis a virus). 1975171957
etiological spectrum of post-transfusion hepatitis.frequent occurrence of post-transfusion hepatitis continues despite screening for australia antigen in blood before transfusion and elimination of commercial donor sources. the majority of these cases appears unrelated to hepatitis b virus. preoperative, acute, and convalescent serra were screened for evidence of hepatitis b, hepatitis a, epstein-barr, and cytomegalovirus exposure in 34 cardiac surgery patients developing post-transfusion hepatitis postoperatively. four patients showed evidence ...1975172400
new diagnostic tests for viral hepatitis a. 1975172824
[viral hepatitis a and b]. 1975172831
current concepts of acute and chronic viral hepatitis. 1975172845
causes of death in fulminant hepatic failure and relationship to quantitative histological assessment of parenchymal damage.the clinical course and causes of death in 132 consecutive patients with fulminant hepatic failure and grade iii or iv encephalopathy have been reviewed. 105 patients died and in 96 of these an autopsy examination was performed. in 36 patients there was cerebral oedema and the mean age of this group was significantly younger than the other fatal cases. in 28 patients death was attributed to major haemorrhage which originated in the gastrointestinal tract in 25. the prothrombin time ratio was not ...1975172938
foodhandler-associated outbreak of hepatitis type a. an immune electron microscopic study.immune electron microscopy, which can detect hepatitis a antigen and antibody (anti-ha), was used to study a foodhandler-associated outbreak of hepatitis among 136 naval recruits. in stool specimens collected during the acute phase of illness, 27-nm viruslike hapatitis a antigen particles were shown, but only in patients with icteric hepatitis. detection was possible in stools collected as early as 10 days before peak serum aminotransferase activity and up to the time of peak enzyme activity, bu ...1975173217
infectivity studies of hepatitis a and b in non-human primates.we have induced hepatitis a in marmosets of the subspecies saguinus mystax following primary inoculation with human serum containing the ms-1 strain of hepatitis a virus (hav) and in 3 further marmoset subpassages using infective marmoset serum from each preceding passage. in each passage acquisition of serum antibody against 17 nm virus-like particles recovered from acute illness stools of human volunteers who developed hepatitis following inoculation with the ms-1 strain of hav, as well as fro ...1975173599
immune adherence and complement-fixation tests for human hepatitis a. diagnostic and epidemiologic investigations.the reliable propagation of cr326 strain of human hepatitis a virus in saguinus mystax marmosets has permitted the development of specific serum neutralization, complement-fixation (cf), and immune adherence (ia) assays for hepatitis a antigen and antibody. the cf and ia assays were made possible by the use of livers of cr326-infected marmosets as a source of hepatitis a antigen. all assays were shown to be specific for hepatitis a. cases of hepatitis b did not show development of hepatitis a an ...1975173600
the mythology of various hepatitis a virus isolates.several types of viral hepatitis may exist. hepatitis a (ms-1 type) can be transmitted to marmosets and chimpanzees. virus-like particles, which may be parvo- or enteroviruses and which have been demonstrated in feces of this type of hepatitis, do not share cross-reacting antigens with hepatitis b but do cross-react with fecal hepatitis a antigen. hepatitis a (gb type), which also does not cross-react with hepatitis b, is not antigenically identical with ms-1; it can be transmitted to marmosets ...1975173601
virus-like particles in hepatitis a.distinctive 27 nm virus-like particles have been found by immune electron microscopy in faecal extracts obtained during the late incubation of naturally occurring hepatitis a infection. a variety of particles measuring 22 nm and 30 nm have also been observed. however, the predominance of the 27 nm particles suggests that these small cubic virus-like structures are closely associated with hepatitis a.1975173602
characterization of cr326 human hepatitis a virus, a probable enterovirus.cr326 human hepatitis a virus purified by isopycnic banding from infected marmoset sera was shown to consist of 27 mmu spherical particles on electron microscopic examination. the particles were identified as hepatitis a virus by tests for infectivity and by specific neutralization of infectivity with convalescent human hepatitis a serum. also, identical 27 mmu viruses in liver extracts gave specific reactions with hepatitis a antisera when tested by immune electron microscopy. the buoyant densi ...1975173603
attempts to differential hepatitis b from hepatitis a infection by newly developed serological tests.an immune indian ink micro-agglutination method has been evolved for the detection of an antigen present in the blood associated with infectious hepatitis (called ihxag). in previous studies 86% of serum samples taken from children with hepatitis a proved to be positive by this technique. present studies were related to 239 adult in-patients with a clinical diagnosis of hepatitis a (123 cases) or hepatitis b (116 cases). blood samples taken serially during the illness were tested for ihxag, hbsa ...1975173604
acute viral hepatitis. 1976173971
hepatitis: two elusive viruses. 1976174064
viral hepatitis--a primer: 1. epidem.iology.hepatitis a is most often transmitted by the fecal-oral route under conditions of crowding, poor hygiene, and prolonged exposure to infected persons. direct spread of hepatitis b via person-to person contact has only recently been proved. hepatitis b is usually transmitted indirectly proved. hepatitis b is usually transmitted indirectly by percutaneous routes, and the increase in drug abuse has brought about a change in its epidemiologic pattern.1976174067
[hepatitis epidemic in a narcotic community]. 1975174238
hepatitis a. perspectives and recent advances.the basis for the epidemiologic and etiologic differentiation of two major forms of viral hepatitis, hepatitis a and b, was established in a series of studies undertaken between 1930 and 1970. final recovery and visualization of the presumed etiologic agent of hepatitis a was not, however, accomplished until the technique of immune electron microscopy was applied to the examination of specimen materials collected from individuals in the early acute stages of infection. morphologically homogeneou ...1975174435
a microtiter solid-phase radioimmunoassay for hepatitis a antigen and antibody.a microtiter solid phase radioimmunoassy for hepatitis a antigen (ha ag) and antibody (anti-ha) was developed. the test was more sensitive than immune adherence hemagglutination for detecting ha ag and almost as sensitive for detecting anti-ha. the specificity and sensitivity of reagents were examined and optimum conditions for the test were determined. radioimmunoassay, immune adherence hemagglutination, and immune electron microscopy were compared for detecting anti-ha. a serologic response to ...1976175117
[diagnosis of viral hepatitis in its foci]. 1975175509
[pathogenic and therapeutic concepts in viral hepatitis]. 1976175890
[laboratory diagnostic differences between hepatitis a and hepatitis b]. 1976177254
[hospital-acquired hepatitis type b. report of 6 cases (author's transl)].seroconversion was observed in 6 patients, indicating an infection with hepatitis virus b. all of these patients had been hospitalized with hbag-positive persons a few weeks before, 5 of them because of acute hepatitis type a. while seroconversion was followed by acute hepatitis in 4 cases, the infection remained clinically silent in the other two patients. the second periods of illness were no attacks of relapsing hepatitis type a, as was indicated by hbag. vice versa superinfection of hepatiti ...1976177849
purification of hepatitis a antigen from feces and detection of antigen and antibody by immune adherence hemagglutination.hepatitis a antigen (ha ag) was purified from feces collected during acute illness from patients with naturally occurring viral hepatitis, type a. positive fecal specimens were identified by immune electron microscopy, but for detection of ha agduring purification immune adherence hemagglutination (iaha) and microtiter solid-phase radioimmunoassay were used. isopycnic banding in cesium chloride, rate-zonal separation in sucrose, and preparative zonal electrophoresis were used in various combina ...1976178597
quantitation of antibody to hepatitis a antigen by immune electron microscopy.a set of precipitin reactions was performed by immune electron microscopy (iem) with hepatitis a antigen (ha ag) and varying quantities of antibody to ha a q (anti-ha). serial dilution of anti-ha resulted in progressive diminution in iem antibody rating. these data, together with a highly significant correlation between iem ratings and immune adherence hemagglutination (iaha) titers on 92 coded serum samples, confirm that quantitative serology development can be performed by iem. to demonstrate ...1976179951
Displaying items 1 - 100 of 2280