| interaction of listeria monocytogenes and influenza in an animal model. | this study was designed to investigate the effects of viruses in the pathogenesis of listeria monocytogenes. the organisms used in this study were: listeria monocytogenes type 1 isolated from a local fatal case; mouse adapted influenza a/pr8/34 (honi); streptococcus pneumoniae group b (u.m. med. ctr.) and poliovirus type 2 mef--g3m2. balb-c mice were inoculated intraperitoneally with one ld50 of listeria monocytogenes. ten days later, the survivors were challenged intransally with 10 ld50 of inf ... | 1976 | 10263 |
| early alteration of poliovirus in infected cells and its specific inhibition. | hela cells infected with radioactive poliovirus type 2 were disrupted with ultrasonic treatment, followed by addition of a non-ionic detergent. two types of virus particles were found to sediment at 80 to 90% the rate of native virus. the first of these appeared to be a complex of native virus particles and membrane components, since treatment with 0-2% sds released infectious native particles. the second was non-infectious and its sedimentation rate was not greatly altered by sds. one hour afte ... | 1975 | 167116 |
| the effects of concanavalin a on the early events of infection by rhinovirus type 2 and poliovirus type 2. | the effect of concanavalin a (con a) on the course of early infection of hela cells with purified radioactive human rhinovirus type 2 (hrv-2) or poliovirus type 2 (p-2) has been examined. several early steps in infection were inhibited before the uncoating of parental virus. con a, at 100 mug/ml, reduces attachment of virus when added to cells before infection. con a also detectably slows the normal progression of adsorbed virus to tightly bound forms characterized, in the case of hrv-2, by resi ... | 1975 | 170375 |
| [effect of sodium salicylate on the "in vitro" development of rna viruses (author's transl)]. | sodium salicylate 10(-3) m is able to limit the number of plaques induced by rna viruses on monkey kidney cell cultures (cercopithecus aethiops and macaccus rhesus). however, the inhibition rate changes with the virus type or even the strain used. poliovirus 2, coxsackie b3, echovirus and reovirus 1 were the most susceptible to the inhibitory effect of the drug. latent infection caused by sv5 decreases the antiviral activity of salicylate. the stages of the poliovirus type 2 growth affected by s ... | 1975 | 171988 |
| interaction of liposomes with subviral particles of poliovirus type 2 and rhinovirus type 2. | subviral particles ("a particles") were produced from rhinovirus type 2 by treatment with acid and from poliovirus type 2 by incubation at 37 degrees c in a low-ionic-strength buffer. a particles, but not virions, adsorbed to liposomes. it is proposed that these reactions may provide an in vitro model for two early steps of infection. | 1976 | 183023 |
| polyadenylate sequences of human rhinovirus and poliovirus rna and cordycepin sensitivity of virus replication. | the polyadenylate [poly(a)] content of the genome rna of human rhinovirus type 14 (hrv-14) is nearly twice as large as that of the genome rna of poliovirus type 2. the poly(a) content of viral rna was determined to be the rnase-resistant fraction of 32p-labeled viral rna extracted from purified virions. polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis indicated that the poly(a) sequences of hrv-14 are more heterogenous and on an average larger than those of poliovirus rna. on the basis of susceptibility to mi ... | 1976 | 185411 |
| characterization and classification of virus particles associated with hepatitis a. i. size, density, and sedimentation. | virus-like particles were purified from stools of patients in an epidemic of hepatitis a in germany. when reference ms-1 chimpanzee pre-inoculation and convalescent sera were used, the close serological relationship of the purified particles to well-known isolates of hepatitis a could be established. on the other hand, the physicochemical characteristics of the particles were determined in parallel to the characteristics of a marker parvovirus (luiii) and a marker picornavirus (poliovirus type 2 ... | 1978 | 206730 |
| characterization and classification of virus particles associated with hepatitis a. ii. type and configuration of nucleic acid. | virus particles banding at 1.34 g/ml in cscl and sedimenting at 160s in sucrose gradients were isolated from fecal specimens of patients suffering from hepatitis. in the presence of 4 m urea and about 90% formamide, these particles released linear nucleic acid molecules of the kinked appearance characteristic of single-stranded rna or single-stranded dna. they could be distinguished from the nucleic acid of phage lambda added to the preparation as a marker for double-stranded configuration. expe ... | 1978 | 206731 |
| assay of human interferon in vero cells by several methods. | four methods for the assay of human interferon in vero cells were compared based on the inhibition of viral cytopathic effect (cpe) in tubes, the inhibition of cpe in microplates, the reduction of plaques, and the inhibition of quantitative hemadsorption. for inhibition of cpe, sindbis virus, vesicular stomatitis virus, poliovirus type 2, and vaccinia virus were used for challenge. in the plaque reduction method, sindbis virus, vesicular stomatitis virus, and poliovirus were employed, and newcas ... | 1979 | 222803 |
| poliomyelitis survey in middle-east countries. | the poliomyelitis survey was started in 1976 in bahrain and kuwait. for each paralytic case, diagnosis was done by virus isolation, neutralizing antibody titration and specific igm characterization. more than 90% of the infants who were ill were less than 2 years old. in bahrain, 17 paralytic cases in 1976 and 12 in 1977 occurred between january and july (annual incidence was respectively 7.7 and 5.4/100,000). the first epidemic was due to poliovirus type 2, the second one to poliovirus type1. f ... | 1978 | 223907 |
| sequence studies of poliovirus rna. iv. nucleotide sequence complexities of poliovirus type 1, type 2 and two type 1 defective interfering particles rnas, and fingerprint of the poliovirus type 3 genome. | the 32p-labelled genomes of poliovirus type 1, 2 and 3 have been digested with rnase t1 and the products separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. all three fingerprints differ in the separation pattern of the large oligonucleotides. the molar yields of the large rnase t1-resistant oligonucleotides of type 1 and type 2 rna of poliovirus rna are close to one. by comparing the yields of these oligonucleotides to the amount of rna from which they originated, the chain length of type 1 polio ... | 1979 | 230285 |
| antigenic sequences of poliovirus recognized by t cells: serotype-specific epitopes on vp1 and vp3 and cross-reactive epitopes on vp4 defined by using cd4+ t-cell clones. | a panel of poliovirus-specific murine cd4+ t-cell clones has been established from both balb/c (h-2d) and cba (h-2k) mice immunized with sabin vaccine strains of poliovirus serotype 1, 2, or 3. t-cell clones were found to be either serotype specific or cross-reactive between two or all three serotypes. specificity analysis against purified poliovirus proteins demonstrated that t-cell clones recognized determinants on the surface capsid proteins vp1, vp2, and vp3 and the internal capsid protein v ... | 1992 | 1279196 |
| risk level, knowledge, and preventive behavior for human papillomaviruses among sexually active college women. | during the past decade, there has been mounting scientific evidence linking human papillomavirus (hpv) with cervical cancer and, at the same time, a great increase in physician consultations for hpv infections. hpv infection risk factors include multiple sex partners, early age at first intercourse, history of sexually transmitted diseases (stds), and smoking. this study surveyed 263 sexually active college women and concluded that (1) they are at considerable risk for contracting hpv, (2) they ... | 1992 | 1315349 |
| [condylomata acuminata in children--detection of hpv 6/11 and 2. local therapy with interferon-beta hydrogel]. | four cases of genital warts in children (girls) are reported. hpv 6/11-dna was identified in two cases, and hpv 2-dna in one. in one case no virus identification was possible. the clinical features of the hpv 2-induced genital warts showed the typical morphology of condylomata acuminata. the mode of transmission of the virus, in absence of sexual contact, could not be explained. the hpv 2-associated genital warts might have been transmitted by autoinoculation from warts on the hands. topical tre ... | 1992 | 1315724 |
| identification of candidate sequences that determine virulence in coxsackievirus b4. | we have previously shown that a major determinant of virulence for coxsackievirus b4 mapped to the 5' end of the viral genome. comparison of the corresponding cdna sequences of a virulent and a non-virulent virus has allowed the identification of candidate determinants of virulence in the 5' untranslated region and the capsid proteins vp1, vp2 and vp4. thirteen nucleotide substitutions were observed in a region spanning 3298 nucleotides. four mutations were detected in the non-coding region. of ... | 1992 | 1320798 |
| alterations of the p53 gene in human primary cervical carcinoma with and without human papillomavirus infection. | a previous report using cervical carcinoma cell lines suggests that the inactivation of two tumor suppressor gene products, p53 and prb, either by complex formation with the e6 and e7 proteins of oncogenic human papillomaviruses (hpvs) or by mutation, may be an important step in cervical carcinogenesis (m. scheffner et al., proc. natl. acad. sci. usa, 88: 5523-5527, 1991). the present study was designed to clarify the association between p53 inactivation and infection with oncogenic hpvs in prim ... | 1992 | 1327506 |
| inhibition of rotavirus in vitro transcription by optimal concentrations of monoclonal antibodies specific for rotavirus vp6. | three monoclonal antibodies (mabs) obtained from inoculation of mice with either a serotype 1 human rotavirus or rotavirus sa11 (serotype 3) inhibited the in vitro transcription of rotavirus sa11. two of the mabs exhibited a biphasic inhibitory response. removal of antibody from mab preparations by adsorption with sepharose-protein g reduced the inhibitory activity completely for all three mab preparations. analysis by radioimmunoprecipitation and western blotting indicated that all three mabs r ... | 1992 | 1331302 |
| purification and characterization of poliovirus polypeptide 3cd, a proteinase and a precursor for rna polymerase. | a cdna clone encoding the 3cd proteinase (3cdpro) of poliovirus type 2 (sabin), the precursor to proteinase 3cpro and rna polymerase 3dpol, was expressed in bacteria by using a t7 expression system. site-specific mutagenesis of the 3c/3d cleavage site was performed to generate active proteolytic precursors impaired in their ability to process themselves to 3cpro and 3dpol. of these mutations, the exchange of the thr residue at the p4 position of the 3c/3d cleavage site for a lys residue (3cdpro ... | 1992 | 1331532 |
| lymphoproliferative responses to human papillomaviruses in patients with cutaneous warts. | in vitro lymphoproliferative responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) from patients with cutaneous warts, caused by infection with human papillomavirus type 1 (hpv-1) or type 2 (hpv-2), were assayed during the course of treatment. purified hpv-1 and hpv-2 were used as antigens, as well as herpes simplex virus (hsv) and concanavalin a (con a). all patients had normal percentages of subsets within the pbmc population and normal lymphoproliferative responses to con a, and those with a ... | 1992 | 1335750 |
| human papillomaviruses and skin cancer. | human papillomavirus (hpv)-induced skin warts are classically benign lesions. however an association between specific hpv types and skin cancer becomes obvious in epidermodysplasia verruciformis (ev). the analysis of this disease suggests that lesions infected with hpv types 5 and 8 carry a high risk of developing squamous cell carcinomas. the oncogenes of ev-viruses appear to be e6 and e2, rather than e7. the 'high risk' ev-viruses, hpv 5, 8, and 47, differ from related hpv types in the transfo ... | 1992 | 1335790 |
| epitope-mapped monoclonal antibodies against the hpv16e1--e4 protein. | the human papillomavirus (hpv) e1--e4 protein is the only nonstructural late protein encoded by the virus. we have isolated three hybridomas producing monoclonal antibodies to the e1--e4 protein of hpv16, which is the hpv type most frequently associated with cervical cancer. the three antibodies (tvg 401, 402, and 403) detect adjacent epitopes within the major seroreactive region of the molecule and show no reactivity against the e4 proteins of hpv1, hpv2, hpv4, or hpv6. the e1--e4 protein migra ... | 1992 | 1371027 |
| a general primer pair for amplification and detection of genital human papillomavirus types. | a general primer pair localized in the e7 and e1 regions was identified and used for the detection of genital human papillomaviruses (hpvs). the genital hpv types 6b, 11, 16, 18, 31 and 33 were amplified and detected by the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) performed at a high stringency annealing temperature (60 degrees c). hpv-2, -3, -7, -13 and -30 were amplified only at lower temperatures. twelve biopsies from women with invasive cancer in the cervix were analysed with the general primer pair. ... | 1991 | 1650785 |
| human papillomavirus infection of the oral mucosa. | this article reviews the lesions of oral mucosa that contain human papillomavirus (hpv). these hpv-associated lesions can be classified into two broad types on the basis of their biologic behavior, benign lesions and premalignant malignant or malignant lesions. benign oral lesions include squamous cell papilloma (scp), verruca vulgaris (vv), condyloma acuminatum (ca), and focal epithelial hyperplasia (feh). of these entities, vv, ca, and feh demonstrate characteristic hpv-induced cytopathic effe ... | 1991 | 1656809 |
| the effect of site and mode of expression of a heterologous antigenic determinant on the properties of poliovirus hybrids. | the antigenic site normally situated in the ef loop of vp2 (2ef) of poliovirus type 2 (lansing) [pv2 (l)] was expressed in 2ef or in the bc loop of vp1 (1bc) of pv1 (mahoney) [pv1 (m)]. a hybrid virus expressing the site in 2ef of pv1 (m) is known to be neutralizable by pv2 (l)-specific antisera and to induce neutralizing antibodies against pv-2 (l). in contrast, a hybrid expressing a related sequence in 1bc of pv1 (m), which maintained the length of the native bc loop, was not neutralizable by ... | 1991 | 1713280 |
| identification of a consistent pattern of mutations in neurovirulent variants derived from the sabin vaccine strain of poliovirus type 2. | complete nucleotide sequencing of the rnas of two unrelated neurovirulent isolates of sabin-related poliovirus type 2 revealed that two nucleotides and one amino acid (amino acid 143 in the major capsid protein vp1) consistently departed from the sequences of the nonneurovirulent poliovirus type 2 712 and sabin vaccine strains. this pattern of mutation appeared to be a feature common to all neurovirulent variants of poliovirus type 2. | 1991 | 1850043 |
| presence and type specificity of papillomavirus antibodies demonstrable by immunoelectron microscopy tests in samples from patients with warts. | sera from 75 patients with warts were tested for antibodies against human papillomaviruses (hpvs) in an immunoelectron microscopy test. a group of 40 patients' sera were tested against a pooled suspension of the hpvs extracted from their warts and 90% of the sera were found to be antibody-positive. prior to serological investigation viruses from a second group of 35 patients were typed by dot blot hybridization with hpv-1 and hpv-2 dna. according to these results the patients were divided into t ... | 1990 | 2155296 |
| electronmicroscopic demonstration of hpv in oral warts. | human papilloma virus (hpv) has been demonstrated in a series of benign proliferative lesions of the skin and the mucosae. the virus has also been found in verrucous laryngeal carcinoma and carcinomas of the oral cavity and other organs. dna hybridization techniques have classified, the hpv into 51 types, some of which seem to be associated with specific lesions. in order to study the intracellular distribution of hpv, we performed ultrastructural analysis with the electron microscope on 14 spec ... | 1990 | 2155374 |
| human papillomavirus infection and filaggrin expression in paraffin-embedded biopsy specimens of extragenital bowen's disease and genital bowenoid papulosis. | cutaneous bowen's disease (bd) and genital bowenoid papulosis (bp) are considered as precancerous or cancerous lesions that are sometimes infected with human papillomavirus (hpv). we studied retrospectively paraffin-embedded sections of 11 samples of cutaneous bd and 6 samples of genital bp from the general population for hpv infection and filaggrin expression. using in situ hybridization with biotinylated probes of hpv types 1, 2, 5, 6, 11, 16, and 18, under stringent and/or non-stringent condi ... | 1990 | 2164515 |
| a new antigenic site of poliovirus recognized by an intertypic cross-neutralizing monoclonal antibody. | a monoclonal antibody (mab 7j6) neutralizing poliovirus type 2 (pv2) and poliovirus type 1 (pv1) was obtained after immunization of balb/c mice with infectious pv2, strain mef-1. preincubation of mab 7j6 with pv1 inhibited its binding to pv2 and vice versa. neutralization-resistant variants of pv2 and pv1 were selected. nucleotide sequencing of the rnas of some variants revealed mutations in the loop of amino acid residues 239 to 245 in vp2 and in the loop of amino acid residues 195 to 207 in vp ... | 1990 | 2171198 |
| severe intractable common warts associated with human papillomavirus 2, 3 and 20. | a 26-year-old male had had numerous common warts on the feet and hands since childhood. they had repeatedly undergone etretinate cryosurgery, always responding well to it. however, the warts reappeared. human papillomavirus (hpv) 2, 3 and 20 were detected in the warts using southern's blot hybridization technique with hpv dna. histologically, the warts showed swollen, clear keratinocytes with vacuolated degeneration not found in common warts. the findings are presented in this paper. | 1990 | 2173668 |
| antigenic and biochemical characterization of poliovirus type 2 isolated from two cases of paralytic disease. | three isolates of poliovirus type 2 were obtained from rectal and pharyngeal swabs of two patients with paralytic poliomyelitis from southern italy (1981/1983). neither one of the patients had received oral poliovirus vaccine, although a systematic vaccination campaign is conducted in the area. neutralization tests with strain-specific antisera and analysis of the structural proteins by sds-page indicated that the three isolates were typical sabin-like poliovirus type 2. moreover, neutralization ... | 1987 | 2447031 |
| clearance of a persistent human enterovirus infection of the mouse central nervous system by the antiviral agent disoxaril. | enteroviruses can cause persistent central nervous system (cns) infections in agammaglobulinemic individuals. because these infections are rarely cured by passive administration of antibody, a chemotherapeutic approach would be advantageous. in this study, the efficacy of the antienterovirus (and antipicornavirus) drug disoxaril was demonstrated in a murine model of persistent enterovirus infection. disoxaril is a hydrophobic antiviral compound that blocks picornavirus uncoating. the w-2 strain ... | 1989 | 2540248 |
| [ultrastructural demonstration of the human papilloma virus (hpv) in oral proliferative lesions]. | the human papilloma virus (hpv) has been found in a series of benign proliferative lesions of the skin and mucosa. the virus has also been found in verrucous laryngeal carcinoma and carcinomas of the oral cavity and other organs. dna hybridization techniques have made it possible to classify 51 types of hpvs, some appearing to be associated with specific lesions. in order to study the intracellular distribution of hpvs, an ultrastructural morphological analysis was performed with an electron mic ... | 1989 | 2548368 |
| sequence divergence yet conserved physical characteristics among the e4 proteins of cutaneous human papillomaviruses. | human papillomavirus (hpv) types 1, 2, and 4 together comprise the major cause of cutaneous papillomas in the general population. we have aligned the genomes of these three viruses by partial sequence analysis, and have sequenced the e4 open reading frames (orfs) of hpv 2 and hpv 4. after expression as beta-gal fusion proteins in bacteria, antibodies raised to the putative e4 gene-products of both virus types were used to identify the native e4 proteins in naturally occurring tumors. at the prim ... | 1989 | 2549722 |
| human papillomavirus type 29 (hpv-29), an hpv type cross-hybridizing with hpv-2 and with hpv-3-related types. | the cloning and partial characterization of human papillomavirus (hpv) type 29 is presented. by hybridization analyses, this virus appears to be related to hpv types associated with common warts and hpv types associated with flat warts. | 1989 | 2552165 |
| detection of herpes simplex virus dna in a cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma by in situ hybridization. | a case of a cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (scc) occurring at the site of a long-standing recurrent hsv infection is described. no deficit of the cell-mediated immunity was recorded. hsv2 was isolated in several viral cultures. hsv dna was visualized in the scc by in situ hybridization with biotinylated probes in paraffin-embedded tissue. the samples were negative for hpv2, 5, 16, and 18 probes. a causal relationship between hsv infection and cutaneous scc is hypothesized. | 1989 | 2552936 |
| novel variants of human papillomavirus type 2 in warts from immunocompromised individuals. | twenty cutaneous warts from i8 renal transplant recipients (rtr) and a single wart sample from a patient suffering from hodgkin's disease were screened for the presence of human papillomavirus (hpv) sequences by southern blot analysis. thirteen samples were shown to contain hpv dna sequences, one was identified as hpv-3, two as hpv-4, six as hpv-2 and four were unidentifiable by restriction digest analysis. hpv-3 was identified in the wart sample from the patient suffering from hodgkin's disease ... | 1989 | 2557072 |
| a human-human hybridoma which produces antibodies to polioviruses. | a human-human hybridoma which produced antibodies to sabin strain poliovirus types 3 and 2 was established. this hybridoma was constructed by fusing a hat-sensitive variant of a human lymphoblastoid subline r4-4-6 with peripheral blood lymphocytes of a donor who had been previously immunized with poliovirus sabin vaccines and had shown high titer of neutralizing antibodies against these viruses. this hybridoma had been cultured for more than one year and the neutralizing activities of the cultur ... | 1989 | 2561573 |
| the morphology of butchers' warts as related to papillomavirus types. | hand warts were studied in 160 butchers. clinical and histological studies were performed in 190 warts and virological studies in 165 warts from 104 butchers. since we found almost perfect correlation between the histological pattern and the type of infecting virus, it was possible to evaluate the virus types in a further 39 of 56 butchers without virological studies, on the basis of the histology of the warts. the most common infection was with hpv-2 (human papilloma virus) and hpv-7. thirty-th ... | 1987 | 2821930 |
| in vitro antiviral activity of a saponin from anagallis arvensis, primulaceae, against herpes simplex virus and poliovirus. | the antiviral activity of a triterpene saponin isolated from anagallis arvensis, primulaceae, was studied in vitro against several viruses including herpes simplex type 1, adenovirus type 6, vaccinia, vesicular stomatitis and poliovirus. the drug was found to inhibit the replication of herpes simplex virus type 1 and poliovirus type 2 as shown by inhibition of cytopathic effect and reduction of virus production. the action was not due to a virucidal effect but might involve inhibition of virus-h ... | 1987 | 2825589 |
| humoral and cellular immunity to papillomavirus in patients with cervical dysplasia. | the cell-mediated and humoral immune responses to human papillomavirus (hpv) were tested in groups of patients with various degrees of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (cin) using a lymphocyte proliferation assay (lpa) as a measure of circulating sensitised t-cells and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for antibodies. twenty-three of 92 patients (25%) gave stimulation indices (s.i.) greater than two to at least one of the several antigen preparations tested in the lpa. of 282 patien ... | 1988 | 2828535 |
| chronic enteric virus infection in two t-cell immunodeficient children. | enteric virus infections were studied in two children with congenital t-cell immunodeficiency. one patient (lc) with cartilage hair hypoplasia developed persistent diarrhea and malabsorption following acute gastroenteritis. electron microscope (em) examination of feces revealed excretion of rotavirus for more than 450 days with concurrent astrovirus infection for at least 225 days, associated with the persistent diarrhea. prolonged infection with poliovirus type 2 following vaccination had previ ... | 1988 | 2835434 |
| oral squamous papillomas: detection of hpv dna by in situ hybridization. | oral squamous papillomas were segregated from other papillary lesions on the basis of histopathologic features. twenty representative papillomas were evaluated for the presence of papillomavirus genus-specific antigen with the use of an immunoperoxidase technique. these same tumors were analyzed for human papillomavirus (hpv) types 2, 4, 6, and 11 with biotinylated full-length double-stranded dna probes by in situ hybridization. only one case exhibited papillomavirus antigen reactivity. alternat ... | 1988 | 2836773 |
| poliovirus proteinase 3c: large-scale expression, purification, and specific cleavage activity on natural and synthetic substrates in vitro. | proteinase 3c of poliovirus type 2 (sabin) was expressed at 4% total protein in escherichia coli. the protein was soluble and could be purified by a simple scheme. it was weakly active on the capsid precursor p1 (expressed in vitro), which contains two cleavage sites. the products of processing p1 were 1abc and 1d (vp1). the activity was insensitive to triton x-100. crude extracts of cells infected with poliovirus type 1 (mahoney) gave strong processing and yielded 1ab (vp0), 1c (vp3), and 1d in ... | 1988 | 2846872 |
| antibodies to poliomyelitis virus in cord blood of neonates born to from mothers in contact or not in contact with the wild virus. | neutralizing antibodies to polioviruses in cord blood of neonates born from 64 mothers under age 20 and in 53 mothers aged 30 years and over were investigated in order to know and compare the transfer to newborns of antibodies to polioviruses produced by live oral vaccine mainly and those antibodies induced by natural contact with wild poliovirus strains. total immunity for the two groups was higher than 80% for the three types of polioviruses, with only virus 3 showing an immunity below 80% (77 ... | 1988 | 2848883 |
| detection of ebv and hpv dna sequences in oral "hairy" leukoplakia by in situ hybridization. | oral "hairy" leukoplakia (ohl) is a white lesion of the oral mucosa, usually located on the lateral tongue among human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) positive acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids)-risk patients. the lesion has been reported to be associated with epstein-barr virus (ebv) and human papillomavirus (hpv). twenty surgical biopsy specimens were evaluated for the presence of hpv genus-specific antigen, hpv 2/4, 6/11, and 16/18 dna and ebv dna by in situ hybridization employing formal ... | 1988 | 2849634 |
| construction of a chimaeric type 1/type 2 poliovirus by genetic recombination. | a chimaeric poliovirus carrying a type-2-specific neutralization epitope on a type 1 capsid was created by site-directed mutagenesis of the mahoney strain of poliovirus type 1. an ecorv and a hindiii restriction sites were first constructed in the cdna of poliovirus type 1 at nucleotide positions 2756 and 2786, respectively, i.e. on either side of the sequence encoding neutralization epitope c3 (vp1 amino acids 93-103), which is part of neutralization site nimi. the cdna sequence framed by the t ... | 1988 | 2849960 |
| a study of hpv 1, 2 and 4 antibody prevalence in patients presenting for treatment with cutaneous warts to general practitioners in n. ireland. | three hundred and seventy-six patients attending their general practitioner with cutaneous warts at five health centres in northern ireland were screened for human papilloma virus (hpv) types 1 and 2 igm antibody using an indirect immunofluorescence test. eight-eight (23.4%) patients were positive for hpv type 1 igm and 156 (41.5%) for hpv type 2 igm. hpv 1 igm antibody was significantly more likely to be associated with plantar warts than warts elsewhere (p less than 0.0001). hpv 2 igm was pres ... | 1988 | 2850937 |
| [poliovirus type 2 in sewage canals in prague in 1981-1982]. | | 1985 | 2985289 |
| isoxazoles with antipicornavirus activity. | the synthesis and evaluation of a series of 3,5-disubstituted isoxazoles as antipicornavirus agents have led to the discovery of several compounds effective in vitro against rhinovirus type 2 and poliovirus type 2. compound 32 was found more effective than 4',6-dichloroflavan against both viruses and was evaluated orally in mice infected intracerebrally with polio-2. at 31 mg/kg bid, compound 32 showed a 53% survival rate as compared to 22% for the nonmedicated animals. | 1985 | 2989517 |
| papillomavirus dna in human tongue carcinomas. | seven biopsies from different carcinomas of the tongue were analyzed for human papilloma virus (hpv) sequences by southern blot analysis. after hybridization with various types of human papilloma viruses, 3 tumors were found to be positive. whereas dna from one tumor hybridized with hpv 2 dna under conditions of high stringency, the 2 other positive biopsies contained hpv 16 dna. all positive tumors revealed high copy numbers of the respective dna. the cleavage pattern of the hpv-2-positive tumo ... | 1985 | 2997044 |
| mutational analysis of upstream aug codons of poliovirus rna. | the 5' untranslated region of poliovirus type 2 lansing rna consists of 744 nucleotides containing seven aug codons which are followed by in-frame termination codons, thus forming short open reading frames (orfs). to determine the biological significance of these small orfs, all of the upstream aug codons were mutated to uug. the point mutations were introduced into an infectious poliovirus cdna clone, and rna transcribed in vitro from the altered cdna was transfected into hela cells to recover ... | 1988 | 2846865 |
| identification of the human papilloma virus-1a e4 gene products. | antibodies prepared against a human papilloma virus-1 (hpv-1) e4/beta-galactosidase fusion protein identified several polypeptides in hpv-1, but not hpv-2 or 4, induced papillomas. the major e4 protein, that represented up to 30% of total cellular protein, was a 16/17-k doublet which was purified by column chromatography and analysed for amino acid content. a peptide derived by chymotryptic digestion was purified by h.p.l.c. and subjected to amino acid sequencing. the unique sequence obtained, g ... | 1986 | 3011404 |
| coxsackievirus b-3 selection of virus resistant buffalo green monkey kidney cells and chromosome analysis of parental and resistant cells. | following coxsackievirus b-3 (cbv-3) infection and lysis of highly susceptible buffalo green monkey kidney (bgmk) cells, there was a regrowth of cells. cultures of regrown cells were established and they continued to release infectious cbv-3 for up to 20 weeks. the parental bgmk cells were susceptible to cbv-3, cbv-4 and poliovirus type 2 induced cytopathic effect (cpe), while the cured cells were resistant to cbv-3 and cbv-4 but not to poliovirus type 2. attachment of cbv-3 was restricted on cu ... | 1988 | 2845893 |
| epidemiology of butchers' warts. | studies were carried out in two slaughter-houses in different cities differing in the degree of work automation and, for comparison, in workers of nearby factories of the same two cities. there was a high incidence of warts (49.2%) in a slaughterhouse where the workers had direct contact with animals and meat, while a significantly lower incidence (9%) was observed in a modern slaughterhouse where the work was almost completely automated. the types of human papillomaviruses (hpvs) were similar i ... | 1988 | 2841908 |
| papillomavirus dna in warts of immunosuppressed renal allograft recipients. | renal allograft recipients were shown to have an increased incidence of warts and skin cancers. we examined 148 patients for evidence of wart virus infections and tested for papillomavirus types, which are known to be associated with human malignancies. of the 148, 36 (24.3%) patients were afflicted with warts at the end of our study period, in contrast to 5 of 148 (3.3%) before transplantation. dna from 16 different biopsies was extracted by phenol treatment for further virological studies. dna ... | 1986 | 3015050 |
| prevention of rhinovirus and poliovirus uncoating by win 51711, a new antiviral drug. | win 51711, a potent new antipicornavirus drug, has been shown to inhibit an early event in the replication cycle of human poliovirus type 2 and human rhinovirus type 2. win 51711 was not virucidal and had no measurable effect on the adsorption of [3h]uridine-labeled virions to cells. when virion penetration of the plasma membrane was determined through loss of sensitivity to neutralizing antisera, win 51711 had no effect on poliovirus penetration, but inhibited rhinovirus penetration by 40%. in ... | 1986 | 3019232 |
| poliovirus host range is determined by a short amino acid sequence in neutralization antigenic site i. | the mouse-adapted strain of poliovirus type 2 (lansing) induces fatal poliomyelitis in mice after intracerebral inoculation, whereas mice inoculated with poliovirus type 1 (mahoney) show no signs of disease. previous work indicated that the adaptation to mouse virulence is associated with the viral capsid proteins and that mutations in neutralization antigenic site i of poliovirus reduce neurovirulence of the lansing strain in mice. the role of antigenic site i in mouse neurovirulence was furthe ... | 1988 | 2838906 |
| human papillomavirus infections in a group of renal transplant recipients. | one hundred and twenty renal transplant recipients were investigated. fifty-eight (48%) were found to have warts, 13 (11%) keratoses and six (5%) to have, or recently to have had cancers. the longer the time of immunosuppression, the greater the prevalence of warts; of those patients who had had their transplant for at least 5 years, 87% had warts. those with a graft survival time of 10 years or more are at special risk of warts, keratoses and malignancy. five (10%) of 50 women had genital warts ... | 1986 | 3026431 |
| intratypic differentiation of poliovirus strains by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa): poliovirus type 2 and poliovirus type 3. | a double-antibody sandwich elisa was developed for the detection of antigenic differences between wild and vaccine-derived strains of poliovirus type 2 and poliovirus type 3. antibodies were prepared in rabbits by immunization with purified antigens of vaccine strains (type 2: sabin p712, and type 3: sabin leon) and wild type strains (type 2: mef, and type 3: pool 30). immunoblotting analysis of all antisera demonstrated that the igg antibodies raised in rabbits have specificity towards the main ... | 1987 | 2826518 |
| reduced mouse neurovirulence of poliovirus type 2 lansing antigenic variants selected with monoclonal antibodies. | the lansing strain of poliovirus type 2 is a mouse-adapted virus that induces a fatal paralytic disease in mice after intracerebral inoculation. our previous results indicated that the mouse-adapted phenotype maps to the lansing viral capsid. to further define regions of the capsid that are specifically involved in the infection of mice, antigenic variants resistant to neutralization with monoclonal antibodies were selected, and their mouse neurovirulence was studied. the monoclonal antibodies u ... | 1987 | 2825415 |
| human papillomavirus type 2 dna in oral verrucous carcinoma. | tissues from patients with oral verrucous carcinoma were examined for the presence of human papillomavirus (hpv). the tissues were stained for the presence of the type common papillomavirus antigen by immunohistochemical staining and the presence of hpv dna was determined by in situ hybridization with biotin-labelled hpv dna probes. seventeen tissue specimens were obtained from 9 patients, and included pre-malignant lesions and primary and recurrent tumors. one pre-malignant lesion was positive ... | 1986 | 3027288 |
| comparison between indirect immunofluorescence and microneutralization for detection of antibodies to polioviruses. | indirect immunofluorescence and microneutralization methods for the detection of antibodies to poliovirus serotypes 1, 2, and 3 were compared. of the 41 sera tested for poliovirus type 1 antibody, 40% were in complete agreement, 55% differed by one dilution, and 5% differed by two dilutions. for poliovirus type 2, 37 sera were tested; 56% completely agreed, and 44% differed by only one dilution. for poliovirus type 3, complete agreement occurred in 59% of 33 sera, while 41% differed by one dilut ... | 1987 | 3038952 |
| identification of proteins encoded by the l1 and l2 open reading frames of human papillomavirus 1a. | the human papillomavirus 1 (hpv-1) virion is composed of two virally encoded proteins: a 57,000-molecular-weight polypeptide (57k polypeptide), which is the product of the l1 open reading frame (orf), and a 78k polypeptide, which is derived from the l2 orf. the 57k (l1) product, which represents the major structural component, appears to be disulfide cross-linked in virus particles. the 78k (l2) protein is a minor component of the virion and does not appear to be disulfide linked either to the l ... | 1987 | 3039170 |
| potential contribution of mild pepsin treatment at ph4 to the viral safety of human immunoglobulin products. | different manufacturers use several different processes for the production of intravenous immunoglobulin. several manufacturers include a production step where the immunoglobulin is treated with low levels of pepsin at ph 4. a series of experiments were undertaken to assess whether or not ph 4/pepsin treatment could inactivate a range of test viruses. acid-labile viruses such as vaccinia, herpes simplex, mumps and semliki forest virus were found to be susceptible to ph 4/pepsin treatment whereas ... | 1988 | 3142151 |
| inhibition of poliovirus uncoating by disoxaril (win 51711). | disoxaril [win 51711, 5-[7-[4(4,5-dihydro-2-oxazolyl)phenoxy]heptyl]-3- methylisoxazole] inhibits the replication of polioviruses types 1 and 2 in hela cells by stabilizing the virus capsid, which results in the inhibition of the ph-dependent viral uncoating in endosomes and/or lysosomes. as shown by electron microscopy the virus entered into the cell by receptor-mediated endocytosis via coated pits and coated vesicles into endosomes irrespective of the presence or absence of the compound. measu ... | 1987 | 2820136 |
| [isolation of recombinant vaccine strains of poliovirus from patients with poliomyelitis]. | oligonucleotide maps of some poliovirus type 2 strains isolated from polio cases, while being clearly related to that of the sabin vaccine type 2 strain, exhibited, nevertheless, marked differences from the reference (vaccine) map. several large oligonucleotides derived from 4 such strains were subjected to enzymatic sequencing. the results strongly suggest that all of them were intertypic recombinants between the sabin strains. the 5'-parts of the genomes of these strains were derived from the ... | 1989 | 2560812 |
| inhibition of translation in cells infected with a poliovirus 2apro mutant correlates with phosphorylation of the alpha subunit of eucaryotic initiation factor 2. | a poliovirus type 2 lansing mutant was constructed by inserting 6 base pairs into the 2apro region of an infectious cdna clone, resulting in the addition of a leucine and threonine into the polypeptide sequence. the resulting small-plaque mutant, 2a-2, had a reduced viral yield in hela cells and synthesized viral proteins inefficiently. infection with the mutant did not lead to specific inhibition of host cell protein synthesis early in infection, and this defect was attributed to a failure to i ... | 1989 | 2555543 |
| molecular pathogenesis of type 2 poliovirus in mice. | lansing strain of poliovirus type 2 (pv-2) produces a fatal paralytic disease in mice after intracerebral inoculation. to identify virus-containing nerve cells in poliovirus-infected mice, we developed a technique of in situ hybridization for viral rna with a poliovirus-specific riboprobe. large numbers of genomes were found in motoneurons and their processes, as well as in ghosts of neurons with or without inflammatory cells. this indicates that the death of motoneurons is due to a direct effec ... | 1989 | 2551721 |
| counter-current distribution of poliovirus type 2 and 3. | | 1966 | 4289063 |
| methods for detecting food-borne enteroviruses. | a method previously reported for detecting virus in a model system composed of cottage cheese contaminated with coxsackievirus type a9 has been adapted to detecting selected strains of enteroviruses in a variety of foods. bentonite is omitted and serum is added for extracting virus from low-protein foods. samples of foods, usually 25 g, must contain at least 3 to 4 plaque-forming units for a 50% probability of detecting virus. sensitivity in detecting echovirus type 6 was lower than that for the ... | 1968 | 4300896 |
| comparative studies on the mode of neutralization reaction of poliovirus type 2 with serum igg and secretory iga from mother's milk and fecal extract. | | 1971 | 4328202 |
| anogenital warts in childhood. | fifteen children with anogenital warts are presented. twelve cases were referred for assessment of sexual abuse which was established in six cases, strongly suspected in one, and excluded in three. in two, the source was unclear. papillomavirus typing was carried out by hpv dna dot and southern blot hybridization using mixed hpv 6/11, 16/18, and 2/3 dna probes on 15 specimens from 12 of the children. seven biopsy specimens were positive for hpv 6 or 11 and one hybridized with both hpv 6/11 and 1 ... | 1989 | 2545318 |
| antiviral activity of tobacco smoke condensate on encephalomyocarditis infection in mice. | a water-soluble nontumorigenic acidic fraction of tobacco smoke condensate of cigarettes has been found to have antiviral activity against encephalomyocarditis (emc) virus infection in mice. the portion of lower molecular weight was inhibitory to the growth of emc virus, vesicular stomatitis virus, reovirus type 2, vaccinia virus, and poliovirus type 2, but not against adenovirus type 12, in kb cell cultures. the cigarette smoke agent did not induce serum interferon although it protected mice fr ... | 1973 | 4364177 |
| [adsorption and elution of poliovirus type 2 strains in al (oh)3 gel]. | | 1974 | 4376884 |
| 3-deazauridine: inhibition of ribonucleic acid virus-induced cytopathogenic effects in vitro. | 3-deazauridine, a synthetic analogue of uridine and a potential antitumor agent, was found to possess antiviral activity against a number of ribonucleic acid-containing animal viruses in mammalian cell culture. inhibition of virus-induced cytopathogenic effects by 3-deazauridine was observed in cells infected with rhinovirus types 1a and 13, coxsackievirus type a21, and pr-8 influenza virus, but not in cells infected with poliovirus type 2 or echovirus type 12. the extracellular yield of progeny ... | 1972 | 4799550 |
| mapping of attenuating sequences of an avirulent poliovirus type 2 strain. | a mouse model for poliomyelitis was used to identify genomic sequences that attenuate neurovirulence of poliovirus strain p2/p712. this type 2 strain is avirulent in primates and mice yet grows as well as virulent strains in cell culture. the approach used was to exchange portions of the genome of the mouse-virulent p2/lansing strain with the corresponding region from p2/p712 to identify sequences that could attenuate lansing neurovirulence in mice. a full-length infectious cdna of p2/p712 was a ... | 1989 | 2539491 |
| anti-thymocyte serum delays clearance of poliovirus from the mouse central nervous system. | antibody is of primary importance for protection from poliovirus-induced paralysis (poliomyelitis) and from other enterovirus infections. however, the components of the immune response involved in the clearance of an established enterovirus infection of the central nervous system (cns) are not known. to assess the effect of thymus-dependent immune functions on a cns poliovirus infection, adult balb/c mice inoculated intracerebrally with the w-2 strain of human poliovirus type 2 (pv2) were treate ... | 1989 | 2539386 |
| engineering a poliovirus type 2 antigenic site on a type 1 capsid results in a chimaeric virus which is neurovirulent for mice. | poliovirus type 2 (pv-2) lansing strain produces a fatal paralytic disease in mice after intracerebral injection, whereas poliovirus type 1 (pv-1) mahoney strain causes disease only in primates. atomic models derived from the three-dimensional crystal structure of the pv-1 mahoney strain have been used to locate three antigenic sites on the surface of the virion. we report here the construction of type 1-type 2 chimaeric polioviruses in which antigenic site 1 from the pv-1 mahoney strain was sub ... | 1988 | 2460345 |
| restriction map of poliovirus type 2 cdna. | poliovirus type 1 rna was reverse-transcribed into c-dna and inserted at the pst i site of the plasmid vector pbr322 of e. coli. resulting recombinant plasmids were analyzed by hybridization with rnase t1-resistant 32p-labeled oligonucleotides, and by restriction enzyme mapping. all of the genome was cloned in a series overlapping cdna inserts, the longest of which was 3.2 kb. the restriction map of the poliovirus cdna is presented. | 1981 | 6176488 |
| alteration in oligonucleotide fingerprint patterns of the viral genome in poliovirus type 2 isolated from paralytic patients. | a close relationship was demonstrated by oligonucleotide fingerprinting between genomes of the poliovirus type 2 sabin vaccine strain and recent isolates from paralytic cases associated with vaccination in japan. the oligonucleotide maps of isolates from an agammaglobulinemic patient, who continued to excrete poliovirus type 2 for 3.5 years after the administration of oral vaccine, showed that the genomic alteration proceeded gradually, retaining the majority of the oligonucleotides characterist ... | 1982 | 6179881 |
| introduction of cloned human papillomavirus genomes into mouse cells and expression at the rna level. | the entire dna genomes of five different human papillomaviruses (hpvs) were cloned into the bamhi site of pbr322 (hpv-1a, hpv-3, hpv-4, and hpv-9) or the ecori site of pbr325 (hpv-2), using as starting materials virus preparations isolated from papillomas of individual patients. under stringent hybridization conditions (tm-28 degrees), the five cloned hpvs exhibited less than 10% homology with one another. to establish model cell systems that may be useful for the identification of hpv genes and ... | 1983 | 6193636 |
| sequence of picornavirus rnas containing a radioiodinated 5'-linked peptide reveals a conserved 5' sequence. | virion rna (vrna) from poliovirus type 1 (pv1), poliovirus type 2 (pv2), and coxsackie virus b1 (cox b1) were treated with proteinase k to remove all but a small peptide of the covalently attached 5' genome-linked virion protein (vpg). the peptide on these rna molecules was then treated with bolton-hunter 125i reagent, which iodinates primary amine groups, in order to obtain specific 5'-terminal radioactive labeling. sequences of 125i-labeled vrnas were determined by using a set of base-specific ... | 1980 | 6244553 |
| the genome-linked protein of picornaviruses. vi. the 5'-terminal protein of poliovirus type 2rna is covalently linked to a nonanucleotide identical to that of poliovirus type 1 rna. | digestion of poliovirus type 2[32p]-rna with enzymes and analysis of the products by column chromatography and paper electrophoresis provides evidence that the rna is covalently linked to a small, basic protein, vpg, via a 5'-terminal pu residue. digestion of the rna with proteinase k followed by labeling of the peptidyl-rna with the bolton and hunter reagent [iodinated 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid n-hydroxysuccinimide ester] yields 5'-labeled material suitable for rapid sequencing. the 5'- ... | 1980 | 6246035 |
| relationships between environmental factors, bacterial indicators, and the occurrence of enteric viruses in estuarine sediments. | current standards for evaluation of the public health safety of recreational and shellfish-harvesting waters are based upon bacteriological analysis, but do not include an evaluation of the number of viruses. the objective of this study was to determine the occurrence of enteric viruses in estuarine sediments and to find a relationship, if any, between the presence of viruses in seawater or sediment or both and various biological and physicochemical characteristics of the environment. viruses we ... | 1980 | 6247974 |
| anogenital warts contain several distinct species of human papillomavirus. | anogenital warts from 26 patients were examined for the presence of human papillomavirus (hpv). although no whole, intact virus could be identified, varying amounts of nonintegrated hpv dna were detected in 18 tissue specimens (70%) by employing both an agarose gel-ethidium bromide staining method and the southern blot hybridization procedure. when hybridization analysis was performed under stringent conditions, six anogenital warts were observed to contain hpv genomic sequences related to eithe ... | 1980 | 6255208 |
| vaccine-associated poliomyelitis in an infant with agammaglobulinemia. | we describe a female infant with agammaglobulinemia who contracted vaccine-associated poliomyelitis. poliovirus type 2 was isolated from the initial stool specimen. in our patient, temporary changes in the cerebrospinal fluid resembled those in patients without immunodeficiencies, although gammaglobulin therapy had not yet been started. pleocytosis was observed for a short time after viremia, but soon there was a return to normal without antibody production. | 1980 | 6255734 |
| identification of papillomaviruses in butchers' warts. | we have studied the papillomaviruses found in the hand warts of 60 butchers, most of them from 2 distant slaughterhouses. warts differing in morphology and location were studied separately. the viruses were identified by molecular hybridization, restriction enzyme analysis and immunofluorescence. four known human papillomaviruses (hpv-1, hpv-2, hpv-3, hpv-4) were detected and one hitherto unknown papillomavirus was identified in 9 butchers. the dna of the latter virus did not anneal with any of ... | 1981 | 6257792 |
| giant cell pneumonia associated with parainfluenza virus type 3 infection. | giant cell pneumonia associated with parainfluenza virus type 3 infection and chronic poliovirus type 2 meningoencephalomyelitis are documented in an infant with combined immunologic deficiency (swiss type). caution should be exercised in attributing cases of giant cell pneumonia to measles virus without serologic or virologic evidence. | 1981 | 6265340 |
| structural proteins of poliovirus type 2 isolates. | seventeen strains of type 2 poliovirus isolated from vaccines and vaccine-contacts in japan were analyzed for viral structural proteins by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. an alteration in electrophoretic mobility of vp1 was observed in most of the strains from paralytic patients and healthy vaccinees. the alteration in vp1 was observed at a high frequency among many strains, but no significant relation between the mobility change of vp1 and antigenic marker or rct/40 m ... | 1981 | 6268945 |
| inactivation of poliovirus by chloramine-t. | since concern has recently been expressed about the presence of genotoxic substances due to chlorination of water and wastewater, chloramine-t (cat) is proposed as an alternative disinfectant to chlorine. the viricidal properties of chlorine and cat were compared. kinetics of inactivation of poliovirus type 2 by chlorine and cat in chlorine demand-free water were investigated by using a kinetic apparatus. inactivation of the virus by chlorine and cat occurred in two steps. the initial linear par ... | 1981 | 6271058 |
| [eruptive viral warts of the burn area]. | eruptive viral warts were observed in a second-to-third degree burn area in a 68-year-old woman; the warts healed spontaneously and completely after approximately 3 weeks. hpv-2-related dna was demonstrated by southern blot analysis. | 1990 | 2166009 |
| activities and mechanisms of action of halogen-substituted flavanoids against poliovirus type 2 infection in vitro. | the effects of some halogen-substituted flavanoids (dichloroflavan, halogenated isoflavans, and isoflavenes) on poliovirus type 2 infection was examined. only two isoflavenes exhibited a significant inhibitory activity on the virus-induced cytopathic effect and plaque formation. in a single cycle of viral replication, both compounds reduced the viral yield by approximately 90%. the presence of the isoflavenes from the beginning of infection or during the adsorption period only prevented the shut ... | 1990 | 2159258 |
| correlation between human papillomavirus (hpv) type and histology of warts. | forty warts from different patients and of different clinical type were examined histologically and virologically. eight lesions were found to be associated with human papillomavirus type 1 (hpv 1), 15 tumors were induced by hpv 2, hpv 3 was detected 4 times, hpv 4 twice, and hpv 6 eleven times. hpv 3, hpv 4, and hpv 6 induced warts revealed a correlation between histology and virus type. they are characterized by the so called "edematous type clear cells". in hpv 3 associated flat warts pycnoti ... | 1982 | 6276473 |
| viral receptors on isolated murine and human ependymal cells. | viruses that infect ependyma cause ependymitis in humans and hydrocephalus in experimental animals. we report that reovirus type 1 (which induces hydrocephalus in mice) binds to the surface of isolated human and murine ciliated ependymal cells. with the use of recombinant viral clones, the binding property was mapped to the type 1 viral hemagglutinin, which also determines in vivo the affinity of reovirus type 1 for ependyma. mumps virus, measles virus, parainfluenza type 3, and herpes simplex v ... | 1982 | 6276976 |
| antibodies to polioviruses in an israeli population and overseas volunteers. | a seroepidemiological survey of prevalence of antibodies to poliovirus types 1-3 was carried out in 1,800 residents of 30 agricultural settlements (kibbutzim) in israel during 1980 and 1981. the survey showed that in 1980 84%, 90%, and 79% of the kibbutz residents exhibited antibodies to poliovirus types 1-3, respectively. in 1981 the figures were 81%, 91%, and 73%. significantly lower levels of antibodies for poliovirus type 3 in 1980/1981, and for poliovirus type 1 in 1981, were noticed in the ... | 1990 | 2154545 |
| characterization of human parainfluenza viruses. i. the structural proteins of parainfluenza virus 2 and their synthesis in infected cells. | two strains of human parainfluenza virus 2 (hpv2), p2 1972/6 and p2 1980, grow to high titre in mek3 cells, and their structural proteins and virus-induced protein synthesis have been characterized by gel electrophoresis and immunoprecipitation. purified viruses contain seven polypeptides, including cellular actin: l (175k mol. wt.), hn (72k to 74k), np (66k to 67k), f1 (52k to 58k), p (49k), a (44.5k) and m (39k). virus-induced polypeptide synthesis was first detected at 8 h post-infection with ... | 1983 | 6311949 |
| human papillomaviruses associated with epidermodysplasia verruciformis. ii. molecular cloning and biochemical characterization of human papillomavirus 3a, 8, 10, and 12 genomes. | the dnas of four human papillomaviruses (hpvs) that were found in the benign lesions of three patients suffering from epidermodysplasia verruciformis have been characterized. the flat wart-like lesions and the macular lesions of patient 1 contained two viruses, hpv-3a and hpv-8, respectively, whose genomes had previously been only partially characterized. the flat wart-like lesions of patient 2 and the macular lesions of patient 3 each contained a virus previously considered as belonging to type ... | 1983 | 6312091 |
| identification of human papillomavirus dna in cervical and vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia with molecularly cloned virus-specific dna probes. | the presence of human papillomavirus (hpv) dna was identified in the tissues of cervical and vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia by southern blot dna hybridization under conditions of low stringency. the specific types of hpv present in the tissues were identified by using molecularly cloned types 1 through 6 (hpv-1 through hpv-6) hpv dna probes under high-stringency conditions. all tissues of cervical and vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia analyzed contained hpv genomes. fifteen of 19 samples (79% ... | 1983 | 6313534 |
| inactivation of hepatitis a virus and indicator organisms in water by free chlorine residuals. | hepatitis a virus (hav) and selected indicator organisms were mixed together in chlorine-demand-free buffers at ph 6, 8, or 10 and exposed to free chlorine residuals, and the survival kinetics of individual organisms were compared. hav was enumerated by a most-probable-number dilution assay, using plc/prf/5 liver cells for propagation of the virus and radioimmunoassay for its detection. at all ph levels, hav was more sensitive than mycobacterium fortuitum, coliphage v1 (representing a type of ph ... | 1983 | 6314894 |