| selective polymyositis inducted by coxsackievirus b1 in mice. | a high-passage laboratory strain of coxsackievirus b1 produced a unique myositis that predominantly and profoundly affected hip extensors and, to a lesser extent, hindquarter knee flexors when inoculated into a strain of random-bred newborn mice of swiss origin (coh mice). the effect was not observed in balb/c or c3h mice similarly inoculated. in addition to the differences in susceptibility of the mouse strains, it was found that six different low-passage "field" isolates of coxsackie-virus b1 ... | 1979 | 225392 |
| comparison of five elisa assays for igg antibody against coxsackievirus b1. | enterovirus type and group specificities of five different igg elisa methods were compared, using neutralization titration tests as an indicator of the presence or absence of antibodies to coxsackie b (cb) viruses. one of the elisa assays was a "standard" igg assay, where the solid phase was coated directly with the purified virus, followed by incubations with human serum, biotinylated anti-human-igg, streptavidin-peroxidase, and the substrate/chromogen. in a modified standard assay, blocking of ... | 1988 | 2842447 |
| systemic lymphoid atrophy in coxsackievirus b3-infected mice: effects of virus and immunopotentiating agents. | adult mice infected with coxsackievirus b3 (cb3) showed a generalized lymphoid involution. this effect was produced by most of the isolates and clones of cb3 and, to a lesser extent, by coxsackievirus b1 but not by other highly pathogenic picornaviruses. while moderate involution of the thymus also occurred in mild cb3 infections, peripheral changes strictly correlated with the severity of disease. the major alteration of the thymus was a massive cortical depletion, whereas the reduction of sple ... | 1985 | 2987368 |
| synthesis and cleavage of enterovirus polypeptides in mammalian cells. | evidence is presented that the entire enterovirus ribonucleic acid genome is translated into a single giant polypeptide of well over 200,000 daltons molecular weight. this giant protein was detected repeatedly in coxsackievirus b1-infected cells, even in the absence of amino acid analogues. the enzymes which cleave this giant protein into smaller structural and enzymatic proteins accumulate with increasing time after infection. it appears that they are either virus-coded proteolytic enzymes or e ... | 1970 | 4314555 |
| cytophotometric determination of rna contents in hep-2 cells infected with coxsackievirus b1. | | 1968 | 4384411 |
| [an epidemic of hand, foot and mouth disease]. | five patients with hand-, foot- and mouth disease, caused by infection with coxsackievirus type a16, are described in an epidemic outbreak of this disease. hand-, foot- and mouth disease, is characterized by a most distinctive enanthem-exanthemcomplex. in 65% of the cases a vesiculopapular exanthem is noted. most cases are described in epidemic outbreaks. although the vast majority of occurrences of the disease have been due to coxsackie a16 viral infections, occasionally coxsackie a5, a10 and e ... | 1984 | 6095486 |
| antipicornavirus flavone ro 09-0179. | ro 09-0179 (4',5-dihydroxy-3,3',7-trimethoxyflavone), isolated from a chinese medicinal herb, was found to have potent antiviral activity. it selectively inhibited the replication of human picornaviruses, such as rhinoviruses and coxsackieviruses in tissue culture, but not other dna and rna viruses. ro 09-0298 (4',5-diacetyloxy-3,3',7-trimethoxyflavone), an orally active derivative of ro 09-0179, prevented coxsackievirus (b1) infection in mice. the critical time for the inhibition of rhinovirus ... | 1982 | 6295260 |
| electrocardiographic abnormalities in syrian golden hamsters with coxsackievirus b1 myocarditis. | serial electrocardiograms of acute viral myocarditis were recorded from syrian golden hamsters inoculated with coxsackievirus b1 (cvb1). various electrocardiographic abnormalities similar to those reported in human viral myocarditis were observed. the reciprocal st displacement and/or t wave flattening were most frequently found, and were detected in 80% of the animals. occasionally, other abnormalities such as atrioventricular (av) block, left bundle branch block (lbbb) pattern or extrasystoles ... | 1982 | 6292537 |
| [infections of the central nervous system caused by enterovirus: 223 cases seen at a pediatric hospital between 1973 and 1981]. | between 1973 and 1981, 223 patients were seen at hôpital sainte-justine in montreal for enteroviral infection of the nervous system. in 161 the cause was documented by isolation of an enterovirus from the cerebrospinal fluid (csf). the viruses most frequently isolated were echovirus 11 (36 isolates), echovirus 30 (24), coxsackievirus b2 (23), coxsackievirus b3 (19), echovirus 6 (18), coxsackievirus b5 (16), coxsackievirus a9 (15), echovirus 9 (13), echovirus 7 (12) and coxsackievirus b1 (11). as ... | 1982 | 6291736 |
| simultaneous concentration of four enteroviruses from tap, waste, and natural waters. | the efficiency of virus recovery from water was investigated by using a method which enabled the concentration of a mixture of four enteroviruses with determination of their individual recovery efficiencies. the four viruses used (poliovirus 1, coxsackievirus a9, coxsackievirus b1, and echovirus 7) represented each of the four major subgroups of enteroviruses. this method, which was based on selective antibody neutralization, was used to investigate the effects of input water quality on enterovi ... | 1984 | 6331314 |
| coxsackievirus b infection in pregnant mice and transplacental infection of the fetus. | direct instillation of coxsackievirus b1 into the gastrointestinal tracts of albino mice caused viremia in more than 85% of the animals within 1 day. in pregnant mice infected early in gestation (7 days), the geometric mean titer of virus in the blood was lower (p = 0.02) and the duration of viremia was shorter (p = 0.07) than in nonpregnant female mice, but infection of the heart, liver, and uterus did not differ on each of 5 days after infection. although transplacental infection of the placen ... | 1982 | 6286490 |
| [studies on biological characteristics of enterovirus type 70 (ev 70)]. | enterovirus type 70 (ev 70) is a new type of enterovirus, which is a causative agent of "acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis" (ahc). it appeared for the first time in ghana in 1969, and occurred in japan in 1971. the optimal temperature for growth of ev 70 is 33-35 degrees c, and lower than that of other enteroviruses. ninety two isolates of ev 70 were investigated to know the biological characteristics. isolates were obtained in japan and foreign countries in africa, asia and europe in 1971-1981, ... | 1984 | 6090289 |
| hepatitis produced by coxsackievirus b1 in adult mice. | | 1970 | 5436132 |
| simultaneous measurement of antibodies to epstein-barr virus, human herpesvirus 6, herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2, and 14 enteroviruses in chronic fatigue syndrome: is there evidence of activation of a nonspecific polyclonal immune response? | as a test of the hypothesis that elevated titers of viral antibodies in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (cfs) are due to a nonspecific polyclonal immune response, antibodies to epstein-barr virus (ebv), human herpesvirus 6 (hhv-6), and 14 enteroviruses in 20 patients with cfs and 20 age- and gender-matched controls were simultaneously measured. similarly, titers of igg to herpes simplex virus (hsv) types 1 and 2 were measured in 18 of these cases and in the respective controls. igg to ebv ... | 1994 | 7811864 |
| pancreatitis in mice infected with coxsackievirus b1. | | 1972 | 5020687 |
| effect of persistent fibroma virus infection on susceptibility of cells to other viruses. | shope fibroma virus establishes a persistent cytoplasmic infection in primary (rk) and serially cultivated (drk(3)) rabbit kidney cells which is accompanied by a morphological alteration of the cells. the response of such cells to superinfection by other viruses was compared with that of control cells by determining plaque production and virus yield of superinfecting viruses. it was found that the growth of other poxviruses, myxoma and vaccinia, was greatly inhibited in the fibroma virus-infecte ... | 1970 | 4317346 |
| intratypic genome variability of the coxsackievirus b1 2a protease region. | to analyse the intratypic genome variability of coxsackievirus b1, 17 coxsackievirus b1 isolates were collected over a period of 10 years. nucleotide sequences of the 2a coding region of the various coxsackievirus b1 isolates and known sequences of other enteroviruses were compared. the maximum diversity observed within the entire group of coxsackievirus b1 isolates was 25%. comparison of deduced amino acid sequences revealed a maximum diversity of 5%. phylogenetic analysis demonstrates a close ... | 1994 | 8126468 |
| effect of anticellular serum on the attachment of enteroviruses to hela cells. | anticellular serum (acs), in the absence of an active complement system, was shown to inhibit the attachment of poliovirus types 1 and 2, echovirus type 6, and coxsackievirus types a13, b1, and b3 to viral receptors of live hela cells. this is the first report to provide evidence that acs has an inhibitory effect on the interaction between host cells and coxsackieviruses of group b. the titer of inhibitory activity of acs varied inversely with the cell concentration used, the reaction being virt ... | 1968 | 4302746 |
| specific cell-surface alteration by enteroviruses as reflected by viral-attachment interference. | crowell, richard l. (hahnemann medical college, philadelphia, pa.). specific cell-surface alteration by enteroviruses as reflected by viral-attachment interference. j. bacteriol. 91:198-204. 1966.-exposure of hela cells to high levels of coxsackievirus b3 produced cells which were refractory to attachment of coxsackievirus b1, whereas poliovirus t2 attached normally. under similar conditions, poliovirus t2 was found to interfere with the attachment of poliovirus t1 to hela cells without affectin ... | 1966 | 4285531 |
| a case of hematophagic histiocytosis associated with acute renal failure]. | the present report describes a rare case of hematophagic histiocytosis associated with acute renal failure. a 32-year-old woman was referred to us from a local hospital because of progressive deterioration of renal function, jaundice and a bleeding tendency. the physical findings at admission revealed hyperemic conjunctivae, gingival bleeding, hepatomegaly, and generalized myalgia. laboratory data indicated a decrease in platelet count, azotemia and hyperbilirubinemia. marked elevation of serum ... | 1993 | 8336403 |
| pacemaker management for acute onset of heart block in childhood. | four children aged 2 to 15 years are described who had stokes-adams syndrome as the primary cardiac manifestation of complete heart block. all had mild, nonspecific antecedent symptoms without signs of congestive heart failure. viral neutralizing antibody titers (coxsackievirus b1 and b2) rose significantly in two patients. electrocardiography demonstrated complete heart block associated with one or more of the following: right bundle branch block, left anterior hemiblock, left bundle branch blo ... | 1985 | 4020542 |
| complete nucleotide sequence of the genome of coxsackievirus b1. | the complete nucleotide sequence of the genome of the coxsackievirus b1, a human enterovirus that belongs to the picornaviridae, was determined by using molecular cloning and rapid sequence analysis techniques. sequence analysis of the cloned cdnas revealed that the virion rna was 7389 nucleotides long and polyadenylylated at the 3' terminus. similar to other picornavirus genomes, a single large open reading frame was identified. the translated sequence starts at nucleotide position 742 and ends ... | 1987 | 3027969 |
| t cells are required for coxsackievirus b1 induced murine polymyositis. | murine polymyositis (pm) induced by coxsackievirus b1 (cvb1) has been used as a model of human pm. our study was undertaken to investigate the role of t cells in cvb1 induced pm by examining disease development in neonatally thymectomized mice. clinical weakness and histological inflammatory myositis occurred in 42.7% of sham operated animals but only 7.7% of thymectomized mice. these experiments demonstrate the importance of t cells in the pathogenesis of this virus induced autoimmune disorder. | 1988 | 2837572 |
| myocardial calcification in an extremely low birth weight infant with chronic renal failure and secondary hyperparathyroidism. | myocardial calcification has been rarely described in premature infants after myocardial infarction and myocarditis with coxsackievirus b1. in adults and older children, metastatic myocardial calcification has been reported in chronic renal failure. we report a case of myocardial calcification in a 680-gm preterm infant after a prolonged course of renal failure complicated by secondary hyperparathyroidism. subclinical myocardial injury was evidenced by a high serum creatine phosphokinase mb band ... | 1993 | 8515302 |
| the histopathology of enterovirus infections of new-born mice. | for 32 years we have provided a routine histopathological service on animals for the regional virus laboratory, ruchill hospital, glasgow. this article concerns mainly experimental coxsackievirus a, coxsackievirus b and echovirus infections in new-born mice. in addition to previously reported findings, we have sometimes observed degenerative and inflammatory changes in neurons related to the gasserian, posterior root or autonomic ganglia. not all deposits of brown fat are simultaneously the seat ... | 1987 | 2822811 |
| alice in wonderland syndrome caused by coxsackievirus b1. | | 1996 | 8724078 |
| anti-mouse igm immunoglobulin protects weanling mice from coxsackievirus infection. | mice treated from birth with rabbit anti-mouse igm antiserum (anti-mu), although immunosuppressed in regard to b cell function, may paradoxically be protected when challenged with certain viruses. our early studies indicated that short term treatment of weanling mice protected against semliki forest virus, herpes simplex virus, and coxsackievirus b1. for this study, the murine model of coxsackievirus b1 infection was chosen to determine if specific anti-mu immunoglobulin (anti-mu ig) would prote ... | 1989 | 2560114 |
| [effect of anionic detergents sodium dodecyl sulfate and alkylbenzyl sulfonate on adsorption and transport behavior of several enterotropic viruses in the soil under model conditions]. | the adsorption of poliovirus 3, coxsackievirus b1, and coliphage f2 on soil from an irrigation field loaded for years with waste water and sandy soil from an aquifer was investigated under the influence of two anionic detergents, sodium dodecylsulphate (sds) and alkylbenzolsulphonate (abs). the investigation was carried out through batch and column experiments under simulated conditions. the concentrations of both detergents found generally in surface water (0.2-10 mg/l) had no effect on the ads ... | 1990 | 2175613 |
| [diversity of etiological agent associated with aseptic meningitis--a survey on an epidemic in tajimi city, gifu prefecture in 1984]. | during the period from may to september in 1984, an epidemic of aseptic meningitis occurred in tajimi city, gifu prefecture. virological and serological investigations were performed. cases involved ranged from 0 to 12 years of age, and 83.1% of them were under 7 years of age. four types of enteroviruses were isolated from 38 to 59 cases (64.4%), and virus type isolated were coxsackie b1 (15 cases), b4 (2 cases), b5 (4 cases), echovirus 16 (14 cases), a mixture of coxsackie-virus b4 and echoviru ... | 1990 | 2172413 |
| induction of heterotypic virus resistance in adult inbred mice immunized with a variant of coxsackievirus b3. | infection of adult male c3h/hej mice with a host range variant of coxsackievirus b3 (cb3w-rd) induced resistance in these mice to an otherwise lethal dose of coxsackievirus b1 (cb1). the protective effect induced by cb3w-rd was detectable as early as 1 day post-vaccination and was still present 10 weeks later. while untreated mice infected with cb1 died within 5 days because of massive hepatic necrosis, the liver was spared in mice immunized with cb3w-rd and then challenged with cb1. in general, ... | 1990 | 2166894 |
| viral persistence during the developmental phase of coxsackievirus b1-induced murine polymyositis. | mice infected with coxsackievirus b1 (cvb1) develop a chronic hindquarter muscle weakness which resembles human polymyositis. in this study, we used in situ hybridization to screen for persistent viral rna in hamstring and quadriceps muscles from mice that displayed various degrees of clinical weakness. at 28 to 31 days postinfection, when chronic myositis is well developed but infectious virus can no longer be recovered, persistent cvb1 rna was found in hindquarter skeletal muscle of all 12 inf ... | 1991 | 1942249 |
| nucleotide sequences important for translation initiation of enterovirus rna. | an infectious cdna clone was constructed from the genome of coxsackievirus b1 strain. a number of rna transcripts that have mutations in the 5' noncoding region were synthesized in vitro from the modified cdna clones and examined for their abilities to act as mrnas in a cell-free translation system prepared from hela s3 cells. rnas that lack nucleotide sequences at positions 568 to 726 and 565 to 726 were found to be less efficient and inactive mrnas, respectively. to understand the biological s ... | 1991 | 1651409 |
| crystallization and preliminary x-ray diffraction studies of coxsackievirus b1. | preparations of coxsackievirus b1 (cvb1) derived from an infectious cdna clone have been crystallized in multiple crystal forms. using high intensity synchrotron radiation, an orthorhombic form of the crystals was shown to diffract x-rays to at least 2.9 a resolution. the unit cell has a primitive lattice with dimensions a = 323 a, b = 450 a, and c = 522 a. a crystallographic asymmetric unit of these cvb1 crystals probably contains an entire virus particle, implying the presence of 60-fold non-c ... | 1992 | 1311388 |
| coxsackievirus b1 infection in infants less than 2 months of age. | most of the neonatal enteroviral infections reported in the literature are associated with coxsackievirus b2-b5 and echovirus 9 and 11. we report a retrospective coxsackievirus b1 (cb1) infection in infants less than 2 months of age. seventeen patients had aseptic meningitis and 8 had systemic sepsis (multi-organ involvement including meningitis, impaired liver function, and abnormality in coagulation). the symptoms and signs were nonspecific and could not be distinguished with bacterial infecti ... | 1998 | 9572369 |
| several different enterovirus serotypes can be associated with prediabetic autoimmune episodes and onset of overt iddm. childhood diabetes in finland (dime) study group. | in a prospective multicentre study described previously on prediabetic events in siblings of index cases with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, 31 children developed clinical diabetes during the observation period and 51 children seroconverted for islet cell antibodies or insulin autoantibodies. by using nonserotype specific eia and ria, it has shown recently that enterovirus infections in both groups were frequently associated with increases of islet cell antibody and/or insulin autoantibody ... | 1998 | 9700636 |
| fatal coxsackievirus b infection in early infancy characterized by fulminant hepatitis. | to clarify the major features of fatal coxsackievirus b infection characterized by fulminant hepatitis in early infancy. | 1998 | 9892531 |
| association of heat shock protein 70 with enterovirus capsid precursor p1 in infected human cells. | members of the human heat shock (hsp) family of related proteins are involved in the intracellular folding, transport, and assembly of proteins and protein complexes. we have observed that human heat shock protein 70 (hsp70) is associated with the capsid precursor p1 of poliovirus and coxsackievirus b1 in infected hela cells. antiserum generated against hsp70 coimmunoprecipitated the poliovirus protein p1, an intermediate in capsid assembly. similarly, alpha-virion serum coimmunoprecipitated hsp ... | 1992 | 1310763 |
| [detection of coxsackie b virus igm antibody in myocarditis patients by mac elisa]. | to detect coxsackie b virus type 1-6 igm antibodies from 193 clinically diagnosed myocarditis cases. | 2000 | 11471030 |
| interaction of air pollution and hyperbaric oxygen on virus replication. | a study was undertaken to weigh the effects of air pollution and oxygen at high pressure on the susceptibility of mice to coxsackievirus b1 infection. animals exposed to air pollutants or oxygen at high pressure were found to contain higher amounts of recoverable virus than control animals. animals exposed to both air pollutants and oxygen at high pressure were found to contain the greatest levels of recoverable virus. this same group of animals was also found to have hearts which were smaller t ... | 1977 | 907597 |
| [coxsackie b virus infection and cardiopathies]. | neutralizing antibody activity against coxsackie virus group b, types 1-6, was determined on paired serum samples taken from 16 hospitalized patients affected by acute heart diseases of suspected viral origin. serum samples were also taken from 4 additional cases of pleuropericarditis observed in the course of a small outbreak of coxsackie b2 infection. serological evidence of virus infection was based on the occurrence of the following conditions: a) twofold or greater variation of virus neutra ... | 1977 | 901641 |
| [intra-hospital infection with viral meningitis, in particular meningoencephalitis, caused by coxsackievirus b1 at the children's unit of the hospital in vrsac]. | | 1979 | 220517 |
| monoclonal antibodies that inhibit attachment of group b coxsackieviruses. | hybridoma cell lines that secrete monoclonal antibodies which react with hela cell surface antigens were produced. the monoclonal antibodies prevented cytopathic effects caused by coxsackievirus b1 and significantly reduced the amounts of coxsackieviruses b1, b5, and b6 that absorb to hela cells. these antibodies did not protect the cells from poliovirus cytopathic effects, and they had no effect on the attachment of other picornaviruses to hela cells. | 1983 | 6312109 |
| a murine model of polymyositis induced by coxsackievirus b1 (tucson strain). | a murine model of polymyositis induced by coxsackievirus b1, tucson strain (cvbt) is described. intraperitoneal cvbt inoculation of cd 1 swiss mice less than 48 hours old resulted in proximal hindquarter weakness that was first apparent 7 days after viral challenge and persisted for more than 10 weeks. electromyographic and histologic evidence of a continuing myositis was present during this entire period of time. however, virus was not detectable later than 2 weeks post infection, despite clini ... | 1984 | 6324823 |
| molecular basis for serological cross-reactivity between enteroviruses. | the recognition sites for human antibodies which are cross-reactive between different types of enteroviruses were determined and characterized. serum samples obtained from 58 patients with culture-confirmed enteroviral infections were analyzed in enzyme immunoassays against two sets of overlapping synthetic peptides covering residues 31 to 96 of poliovirus 1 vp1 (mahoney strain) and residues 31 to 148 of coxsackievirus b1 vp1 (position based on alignment with poliovirus 1 vp1, mahoney strain). a ... | 1994 | 7496972 |
| molecular epidemiology of enterovirus outbreaks in canada during 1991-1992: identification of echovirus 30 and coxsackievirus b1 strains by amplicon sequencing. | the relatedness of enteroviral isolates associated with two recent outbreaks in canada was assessed using direct sequencing of amplicons derived from a large portion of the 5' nontranslated region (ntr) of the viral genome. the amplicons of 60 echovirus 30 isolates originating from seven different provinces in 1991 were found to share 99% or greater sequence identity. recent coxsackievirus b1 isolates characterised in the same manner were identical to each other. when the 5' ntr sequence of thes ... | 1994 | 7534817 |
| neonatal coxsackievirus b1 infection associated with severe hepatitis: report of three cases. | coxsackievirus b infection may cause fulminant disease in the neonate. in most reports the prominent symptoms have been recognized as myocarditis and meningoencephalitis, and a majority were caused by type b2 to b5. coxsackie b1 was a rare cause. from december 1993 to april 1994 three newborns were admitted to this hospital with similar presentations of acute hepatitis and thrombocytopenia. coxsackie b1 virus was isolated from all at one or two sites including rectal swab, throat swab and urine. ... | 1995 | 7572176 |
| cap-dependent and cap-independent translation by internal initiation of mrnas in cell extracts prepared from saccharomyces cerevisiae. | translation extracts were prepared from various strains of saccharomyces cerevisiae. the translation of mrna molecules in these extracts were cooperatively enhanced by the presence of 5'-terminal cap structures and 3'-terminal poly(a) sequences. these cooperative effects could not be observed in other translation systems such as those prepared from rabbit reticulocytes, wheat germ, and human hela cells. because the yeast translation system mimicked the effects of the cap structure and poly(a) ta ... | 1994 | 7935446 |
| antiviral activities of extracts and selected pure constituents of ocimum basilicum. | 1. ocimum basilicum (ob), also known as sweet basil, is a well known medicinal herb in traditional chinese medicine preparations. in the present study, extracts and purified components of ob were used to identify possible antiviral activities against dna viruses (herpes viruses (hsv), adenoviruses (adv) and hepatitis b virus) and rna viruses (coxsackievirus b1 (cvb1) and enterovirus 71 (ev71)). 2. the results show that crude aqueous and ethanolic extracts of ob and selected purified components, ... | 2005 | 16173941 |
| detection of igm antibodies against coxsackie b viruses by a western blot technique. | we report the application of a modified western blot (wb) micromethod basically relying on a diffusion-blotting technique (modi-blot) combined with an immunological detection system using monoclonal antibodies and a biotinavidin amplification step for the detection of igm antibodies against coxsackieviruses b1 (cbv1), cbv2 and cbv4. fifty-one adult patients with clinical signs of coxsackievirus b infection (e.g. myocarditis and meningitis) were investigated. the test revealed a total of 31 (60%) ... | 1993 | 8105643 |
| duration of virus persistence and its relationship to inflammation in the chronic phase of coxsackievirus b1-induced murine polymyositis. | mice infected with the tucson strain of coxsackievirus b1 (cvb1t) develop chronic t cell-mediated polymyositis that is manifest as the acute infection resolves and is characterized by hindquarter weakness and muscle inflammation. this model system was used to study persistence of cvb1t rna by using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr). for the most part, rna persistence reflected the myotropic and neurotropic nature of the virus. at 1 month after infection, infectious virus w ... | 1994 | 8133145 |
| coxsackievirus b1-based antibody-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of immunoglobulin g (igg), igm, and iga with broad specificity for enteroviruses. | an antibody-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) with coxsackievirus b1 as the antigen was evaluated for detection of immunoglobulin g (igg), igm, and iga antibodies and showed broad specificity for enteroviruses. in total, 116 serum or cerebrospinal fluid samples from 62 patients were tested by elisa and the complement fixation test (cft). additionally, 15 serum samples that contained poliovirus-specific igm antibody were tested. serum samples from 200 healthy blood donors were use ... | 1993 | 8308117 |
| biochemical and genetic evidence for a pseudoknot structure at the 3' terminus of the poliovirus rna genome and its role in viral rna amplification. | the sequences in the plus-stranded poliovirus rna genome that dictate the specific amplification of viral rna in infected cells remain unknown. we have analyzed the structure of the 3' noncoding region of the viral genome by thermodynamic-based structure calculation and by chemical and enzymatic probing of in vitro-synthesized rnas and provide evidence for the existence of an rna pseudoknot structure in this region. to explore the functional significance of this structure, revertants of a mutant ... | 1993 | 8388482 |
| coxsackievirus b1-induced murine myositis: no evidence for viral persistence. | the persistence of coxsackievirus b1 in the muscles of mice with coxsackievirus b1-induced chronic myositis was investigated. neonatal cd1 swiss mice were inoculated with a myositis-causing variant of coxsackievirus b1 (tucson strain). hamstring muscle samples of diseased mice obtained at various times after inoculation were examined for the presence of infectious virus, viral rna and histological abnormalities. viral rna was detected up to 4 weeks after initiation of infection, whereas virus co ... | 1993 | 8409931 |
| design, synthesis and biological evaluation of antipicornaviral pyrrole-containing peptidomimetics. | a series of new peptidomimetics based on the tripeptide sequence z-leu-phe-gln-oh were synthesized, with ten of these including the alpha-nitrogen atom of the n-terminal amino acid incorporated into the pyrrole cycle. the synthesized compounds were tested for antiviral activity by agar-diffusion plaque inhibition test against coxsackievirus b1 replication in fl cell. four of the products were observed to possess an antiviral activity, which was proven to be significant for one product. n-termina ... | 2007 | 18045234 |
| pleurodynia among football players at a high school. an outbreak associated with coxsackievirus b1. | enteroviral outbreaks involving athletic teams have been described, although the mode of transmission has been unclear. in september 1991, an outbreak of pleurodynia among high school football players provided an opportunity to identify possible modes of transmission. | 1993 | 8411604 |
| genotypic variation in coxsackievirus b5 isolates from three different outbreaks in the united states. | genomic sequences in vp1/2a and 5'-non-coding region of 10 isolates of coxsackievirus b5 from three outbreaks were compared with published sequences of another coxsackievirus b5, swine vesicular disease virus, coxsackievirus b1, coxsackievirus b3, and coxsackievirus b4. isolates of coxsackievirus b5 from the same outbreak showed close relations, not exceeding 7.2% in nucleotide differences. differences were greater between isolates from different outbreaks, varying between 8.4 and 16%. we have a ... | 1995 | 8578854 |
| predominant right leg dysfunction without asymmetric muscle inflammation in cd1 swiss mice with coxsackievirus b1-induced myositis. | to establish the existence of predominant right leg involvement in coxsackievirus b1-induced myositis (cb1 myositis) 189 neonatal cd1 swiss mice were inoculated with 300 pfu cb1, and regularly observed for posture, mobility, and gait. after 2 and 4 weeks, quantitative comparison of motor dysfunction of right and left leg yielded an asymmetry score; on light microscopy mononuclear cell infiltration and muscle fiber necrosis were quantified in bilateral hamstring muscles, using a five-grade scale ... | 1996 | 8778864 |
| genetic determinants of susceptibility to coxsackievirus b1-induced chronic inflammatory myopathy: effects of host background and major histocompatibility complex genes. | infection of outbred cd-1 mice with the tucson strain of coxsackievirus b1 (cvb1t) leads to the development of chronic hind limb weakness and associated inflammatory muscle disease. host factors that influence susceptibility have not been studied in this mouse model of chronic inflammatory myopathy (im). therefore, the pathogenesis was examined by using different inbred strains of mice. initially, seven strains of mice with either the h-2d or h-2b major histocompatibility complex (mhc) haplotype ... | 1996 | 8783635 |
| molecular determinants for virulence in coxsackievirus b1 infection. | studies demonstrated that a strain derived from an infectious clone of coxsackievirus b1 (cvb1n) (n. iizuka, h. yonekawa, and a. nomoto, j. virol. 65:4867-4873, 1991) was 3 to 4 log10 less virulent than the myotropic tucson strain of cvb1 (cvb1t) following intraperitoneal inoculation of newborn mice. replacement of nucleotides (nt) 69 to 804 from the 5' untranslated region (5' utr) and 1a coding region of cvb1n or nt 117 to 161 from the 5' utr with the corresponding part from cvb1t restored grea ... | 1997 | 9094675 |
| antiviral activity of galangin isolated from the aerial parts of helichrysum aureonitens. | the in vitro antiviral activity of galangin (3,5,7-trihydroxyflavone), the major antimicrobial compound isolated from the shoots of helichrysum aureonitens, was investigated against herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1), coxsackie b virus type 1 (cox b1), adenovirus type 31 (ad31) and reovirus. at concentrations ranging from 12-47 micrograms/ml galangin showed significant antiviral activity against hsv-1 and coxb1, limited activity against reovirus, and no antiviral activity against ad31. | 1997 | 9174978 |
| coxsackievirus-induced chronic inflammatory myopathy: virus variants distinguish between acute cytopathic effects and pathogenesis of chronic disease. | infection with the tucson strain of coxsackievirus b1 (cvb1t) causes the development of chronic inflammatory myopathy (cim) and hind limb weakness in susceptible strains of mice. in this study, a panel of six plaque-purified viruses exhibiting either small or large plaque phenotypes was derived from parental cvb1t and parental cvb1t that had been passaged through monkey kidney cells. all six variants caused similar acute histopathology in muscle, but three of four passaged viruses (amp1, amp2, a ... | 1997 | 9201230 |
| integrin alpha v beta 6 enhances coxsackievirus b1 lytic infection of human colon cancer cells. | viral entry into host cells depends upon specific interactions between virus attachment proteins and cell surface receptors that enable virus binding and internalization of virus and/or the virus-receptor complex. we have recently reported that the ubiquitous cell surface molecule, decay-accelerating factor (daf), is a major cell attachment receptor for coxsackieviruses b1, b3, and b5. however, daf permits only virus binding and not virus internalization, invoking the presence of secondary or ac ... | 1997 | 9426447 |
| [viral meningoencephalitis caused by enterovirus in cuba from 1990-1995]. | the results of a study on enterovirus as causal agents of viral meningoencephalitis from 1990 to 1995 are described. from the 1458 samples of patients studied, 586 were from feces, 108 from cerebrospinal fluid and 1095 were paired sera. the samples for viral isolation were inoculated in two different cellular systems. a total of 225 samples (32.42%) were found to be positive; the highest number of isolations (n = 217) was found in feces and in diploid human lung fibroblast cells (phue-1). antibo ... | 1997 | 9472139 |
| antiviral effect of the combination of enviroxime and disoxaril on coxsackievirus b1 infection. | effects of enviroxime and disoxaril, inhibitors of replication of some picornaviruses with known mechanisms of action, alone or in combination, on replication of coxsackievirus b1 (cvb1) in fl cells and on experimental cvb1 infection in newborn mice were tested. the combination of enviroxime and disoxaril resulted in vitro in a synergistic interaction. both compounds were administered in vivo, alone or in combination, daily by subcutaneous (s.c.) route since the day of virus inoculation till the ... | 2000 | 10989697 |
| [experimental study on therapeutical effect of chinese medicine on polymyositis in guinea pigs]. | to study the therapeutical effects of radix bupleuri and ramulus cinnamomi on virus polymyositis in guinea pigs. | 1998 | 11477912 |
| enteroviruses identifications and differentiation on the basis of the selective group--specific inhibitory effect of chemical compounds. | two new enteroviruses (ev) inhibitors with the selective group-specific effect were detected and studied representing the products of the original chemical synthesis. one of them--nifan (arylfuran derivative) inhibits poliomyelitis virus replication, the other one--belvtazide (synchonic acid derivative) blocks non-poliomyelitis ev (echo and coxsackie b) replication. the study of the reference strains of poliomyelitis virus type 1-3, twenty-three echo virus types (from the 1st to the 33rd), coxsa ... | 2002 | 12298342 |
| coxsackievirus b1-induced chronic inflammatory myopathy: differences in induction of autoantibodies to muscle and nuclear antigens by cloned myopathic and amyopathic viruses. | infection of susceptible strains of mice with the myopathic tucson strain of coxsackievirus b1 (cvb1(t)) leads to the development of chronic inflammatory myopathy (cim). the underlying mechanism of cim appears to be immunopathic, but it is not known whether autoimmunity is involved. the objectives of this study were to determine whether autoantibodies are produced and whether they correlate with the pathology of cim. mice were infected with either a myopathic (mp1.23 or mp1.24) or an amyopathic ... | 2003 | 14532908 |
| xiao chai hu tang inhibits cvb1 virus infection of ccfs-1 cells through the induction of type i interferon expression. | coxsackie b virus type 1 (cvb1) infection is known to cause high morbidity and mortality in children, however, there is no effective drug for treating this disease. the present study aimed to examine the antiviral activity of xiao chai hu tang (xcht), a popular herbal drug for treating viral and bacterial infections, against cvb1 infection and its mechanisms of action. our data showed that xcht neutralized the cvb1-induced cytopathic effect in human neonatal foreskin fibroblast cell line (ccfs-1 ... | 2006 | 16644487 |
| specificity of the coxsackievirus b4 vp4 capsid protein investigated in silico. | the enterovirus genus encompasses several species and various serotypes, like coxsackievirus-b1 (cv-b1) to cv-b6, and many variants. the role of these viruses, especially cv-b4, in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes is strongly suspected. it has been reported that antibodies directed towards the region of amino acids 11-30 of the vp4 capsid protein enhance the infection of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells with cv-b4. in order to predict the inter- and intra-serotype specificity of the r ... | 2011 | 21878192 |
| novel recognition sequence of coxsackievirus 2a proteinase. | coxsackievirus b1 (cvb1) 2a proteinase (2a(pro)) is a cysteine proteinase that cleaves the viral monocistronic polyprotein between the c-terminus of the vp1 region and the n-terminus of the 2a region, and also shuts off translational initiation in host cells by cleavage of eukaryotic initiation factor 4g (eif4g) isoforms. we expressed in escherichia coli a series of fusions in which various c-terminal fragments of vp1 were linked to the n-terminus of 2a(pro), and we also employed site-directed m ... | 2006 | 16930558 |
| bupleurum kaoi inhibits coxsackie b virus type 1 infection of ccfs-1 cells by induction of type i interferons expression. | coxsackie b virus type 1 (cvb1) infection is known to cause high morbidity and mortality in children, however, there is no effective drug for treating this disease. the present study aimed to examine the antiviral activity of bupleurum kaoi (bk), a popular herbal drug for treating viral and bacterial infections, against cvb1 infection and its mechanisms of action. our data showed that bk neutralized the cvb1-induced cytopathic effect in human neonatal foreskin fibroblast cell line (ccfs-1/kmc), ... | 2007 | 17052829 |
| molecular epidemiological study of enteroviruses associated with encephalitis in children from india. | enteroviruses have been reported in encephalitis cases. however, clinical and epidemiological characteristics of enteroviruses in encephalitis are not fully established. we prospectively investigated 204 children with encephalitis over a period of 2 years (2009 to 2010) for enterovirus. enterovirus was detected in 45 specimens (22.1%); of these, 40 were typed by seminested reverse transcription-pcr (rt-pcr) and sequencing of the vp1 gene. molecular typing of enterovirus revealed the predominance ... | 2012 | 22895040 |
| molecular characterization of enteroviruses isolated from patients with aseptic meningitis in korea, 2005. | enteroviruses are the most common causative agents of aseptic meningitis. in 2005, an outbreak of aseptic meningitis occurred in seoul, korea, which appeared to be caused by certain enterovirus strains. this study analyzed the clinical isolates from 24 different aseptic meningitis patients at our center from january to september 2005. serotyping using type-specific antisera, rt-pcr, and direct sequencing of the 5' noncoding and vp1 regions were carried out. the serotyping study identified 15 cox ... | 2007 | 17238012 |
| interactions between multiple genetic determinants in the 5' utr and vp1 capsid control pathogenesis of chronic post-viral myopathy caused by coxsackievirus b1. | mice infected with coxsackievirus b1 tucson (cvb1(t)) develop chronic, post-viral myopathy (pvm) with clinical manifestations of hind limb muscle weakness and myositis. the objective of the current study was to establish the genetic basis of myopathogenicity in cvb1(t). using a reverse genetics approach, full attenuation of pvm could only be achieved by simultaneously mutating four sites located at c706u in the 5' untranslated region (5' utr) and at y87f, v136a, and t276a in the vp1 capsid. engi ... | 2008 | 18029287 |
| increased detections and severe neonatal disease associated with coxsackievirus b1 infection--united states, 2007. | enteroviruses generally cause mild disease; however, neonates are at higher risk for severe illness because of the immaturity of their immune systems. neonatal systemic enterovirus disease, characterized by multiorgan involvement, is among the most serious, potentially fatal conditions associated with enterovirus infection. typical clinical presentations include encephalomyocarditis (characteristic of group b coxsackieviruses) and hemorrhage-hepatitis syndrome (typical of echovirus 11). to descr ... | 2008 | 18496504 |
| mutations at nucleotides 573 and 579 within 5'-untranslated region augment the virulence of coxsackievirus b1. | two mutants of coxsackievirus b1 (cvb1), cvb1c and cvb1e, with mutations in the stem-loop h of 5'-utr were generated by site-directed mutagenesis. the a at nt579 of cvb1c was substituted by g. the u at nt573 and a at nt579 of cvb1e were substituted by a and g. the virulences of these mutants had been assessed by means of cytopathic effect (cpe), plaque formation, one-step growth curve, and 50% lethal dose (ld50) assays. the pathogenesis of these mutants was evaluated by attacking suckling balb/c ... | 2008 | 18514346 |
| [the enter of viruses family picornaviridae in residents macrophages]. | viruses enter in cells through clathrin- and dinamin-mediated uptake route-endocytosis, caveolae-mediated local destruction of cell plasma membranes, and macropinocytosis. the non-enveloped viruses to which picornaviridae famiy is attributed are important human and animal pathogens. the aim of this study was to examine the mechanisms of penetration of viruses of this family (polio-, echo 11-, entero 71- and coxsackie b1-viruses) into resident macrophages. after attachment to the plasma membrane ... | 2008 | 18540199 |
| increased activity of coxsackievirus b1 strains associated with severe disease among young infants in the united states, 2007-2008. | enterovirus infections are very common and typically cause mild illness, although neonates are at higher risk for severe illness. in 2007, the centers for disease control and prevention (cdc) received multiple reports of severe neonatal illness and death associated with coxsackievirus b1 (cvb1), a less common enterovirus serotype not previously associated with death in surveillance reports to the cdc. | 2009 | 19622041 |
| outbreak of life-threatening coxsackievirus b1 myocarditis in neonates. | in the summer and fall of 2007, we observed a unique cluster of cases of severe coxsackievirus b1 (cvb1) infection among chicago area neonates. eight neonates had closely related strains of cvb1 that were typed at the centers of disease control and prevention; 2 other neonates had cvb infections, 1 of which was further identified as serotype cvb1. all had severe myocarditis; 1 neonate underwent heart transplantation, and 1 died of severe left ventricular dysfunction. | 2009 | 19622042 |
| flow cytometric detection and serotyping of enterovirus for the clinical laboratory. | culture and serotyping of human enteroviruses by fluorescence microscopy are time-consuming and labor-intensive. flow cytometry has the potential of being more rapid, sensitive, and objective but has not been used for these purposes in a clinical laboratory. primary rhesus monkey kidney (pmk) cells were inoculated with several enterovirus serotypes and stained with enterovirus-specific antibodies for flow cytometry and indirect fluorescence antibody testing (ifa). kinetic studies of coxsackievir ... | 2009 | 19733594 |
| avoiding drug-resistance development by novel approach of combining anti-enteroviral substances against coxsackievirus b1 infection in mice. | current study presents a novel scheme for combined application of anti-enteroviral substances in coxsackievirus b1 neuroinfection in newborn mice. it consists of a consecutive alternating, not simultaneous, administration of the substances in combination. a triple combination showing good efficacy was selected as a result of a screening of double, triple and quadruple combinations of enteroviral inhibitors. its effectiveness is expressed in lengthening of the mean survival time and about 50% red ... | 2010 | 19900482 |
| performance of enterovirus genotyping targeting the vp1 and vp2 regions on non-typeable isolates and patient specimens. | culture and serotyping of human enteroviruses are time-consuming and labor-intensive. targeted nucleic acid sequencing has emerged as a powerful alternative to conventional methods. many published genotyping assays use two-step reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr), nested pcr protocols, and/or reflexive testing algorithms. the performance of a one-step rt-pcr protocol, a more clinically practical approach, was evaluated. the vp1 and/or vp2 region of archived enterovirus i ... | 2010 | 20043951 |
| difference in susceptibility to mxa protein between a coxsackievirus b1 isolate and prototype, impact of serial cell culture passage. | human enteroviruses (evs) cause a broad spectrum of acute and chronic diseases including meningitis and myocarditis. the type i interferon-induced mxa protein has been shown to inhibit the replication of an ev, coxsackievirus b4 (cvb4), but not cardioviruses such as encephalomyocarditis virus and mengo virus, members of the picornaviridae family. evs consist of more than 60 distinct serotypes against which the antiviral activity of mxa was not investigated yet. the main aim of this study was to ... | 2010 | 20087945 |
| the cytopathic 18f strain of hepatitis a virus induces rna degradation in frhk4 cells. | the mechanism responsible for the induction of apoptosis by the rapidly replicating hm175/18f strain of hepatitis a virus (hav) was investigated. full length hav rna and viral capsid protein vp1 were detected in 18f infected cells at earlier times post-infection than in hm175/clone 1 infected cells. analysis of total cellular rna from hm175/18f infected frhk4 cells by denaturing agarose gel electrophoresis and northern blot hybridization revealed extensive degradation of both the 28s and 18s rib ... | 2003 | 12827461 |
| antiviral activity of a hot water extract of black soybean against a human respiratory illness virus. | significant antiviral activity against respiratory illness viruses has been found in a hot-water extract of black soybean. this black soybean extract showed significant antiviral activity against human adenovirus type 1 and coxsackievirus b1 in a dose-dependent manner, while the hot-water extract from common yellowish soybean showed only weak activity. the antiviral activity could not be extracted from the black soybean by 70% aqueous ethanol, suggesting that saponin in the seed did not contribu ... | 2003 | 12834285 |
| multiple viral determinants mediate myopathogenicity in coxsackievirus b1-induced chronic inflammatory myopathy. | mice infected with myopathic coxsackievirus b1 tucson (cvb1(t)) develop chronic inflammatory myopathy (cim) consisting of hind limb weakness and inflammation. amyopathic virus variants are infectious but attenuated for cim. in this report, viral clones, chimeras, and sequencing were used to identify viral determinants of cim. chimeras identified several regions involved in cim and localized a weakness determinant to nucleotides 2493 to 3200 of vp1. sequencing of multiple clones and viruses ident ... | 2003 | 14557670 |
| synergistic drug combinations against the in vitro replication of coxsackie b1 virus. | the existence of synergistic drug combinations against the in vitro replication of poliovirus type 1 (mahoney) (pv-1) had been established in our previous work. the objective of the present study was to test the combined effects of the different drugs against another representative of the enterovirus genus, i.e. coxsackievirus b1 (cbv-1). dual combinations of enviroxime, disoxaril, arildone, ptu-23, hbb and s-7 were evaluated. the susceptibility of cbv-1 to the individual effects of the inhibito ... | 2004 | 15026197 |
| enterovirus co-infections and onychomadesis after hand, foot, and mouth disease, spain, 2008. | hand, foot, and mouth disease (hfmd), a common disease caused by enteroviruses (evs), usually affects children. clustered and sporadic hfmd cases, followed by onychomadesis (nail shedding), occurred during summer and fall 2008 in valencia, spain. fecal samples from onychomadesis patients, who did or did not have previous hfmd, and from healthy children exposed to onychomadesis patients tested positive for ev. the complete viral protein 1 capsid gene sequence was obtained for typing and phylogene ... | 2011 | 22172227 |
| [coxsackie virus b types were discriminated by rt-pcr]. | to develop a method for detection of coxsackie b virus type 1-6 by rt-pcr. | 2004 | 15640872 |
| in vitro antiviral activity of a series of wild berry fruit extracts against representatives of picorna-, orthomyxo- and paramyxoviridae. | wild berry species are known to exhibit a wide range of pharmacological activities. they have long been traditionally applied for their antiseptic, antimicrobial, cardioprotective and antioxidant properties. the aim of the present study is to reveal the potential for selective antiviral activity of total methanol extracts, as well as that of the anthocyanins and the non-anthocyanins from the following wild berries picked in bulgaria: strawberry (fragaria vesca l.) and raspberry (rubus idaeus l.) ... | 2014 | 24660461 |
| coxsackievirus b1 reveals strain specific differences in plasmacytoid dendritic cell mediated immunogenicity. | enterovirus infections are usually mild but can also cause severe illnesses and play a role in chronic diseases, such as cardiomyopathies and type 1 diabetes. host response to the invading virus can markedly modulate the course of the infection, and this response varies between individuals due to the polymorphism of immune response genes. however, it is currently not known if virus strains also differ in their ability to stimulate the host immune system. coxsackievirus b1 (cbv1) causes severe ep ... | 2014 | 24616040 |
| characterization of nonpolio enteroviruses recovered from patients with aseptic meningitis in korea. | we attempted to characterize nonpolio enteroviruses recovered from korean patients with aseptic meningitis. | 2005 | 15812181 |
| disoxaril mutants of coxsackievirus b1: phenotypic characteristics and analysis of the target vp1 gene. | disoxaril inhibits enterovirus replication by binding to the hydrophobic pocket within the vp1 coat protein, thus stabilizing the virion and blocking its uncoating. disoxaril-resistant (res) mutants of the coxsackievirus b1 (cvb1/res) were derived from the wild disoxaril-sensitive (sof) strain (cvb1/sof) using a selection approach. a disoxaril-dependent (dep) mutant (cvb1/dep) was obtained following nine consecutive passages of the disoxaril-resistant mutant in the presence of disoxaril. phenoty ... | 2011 | 22351989 |
| detection and characterization of enterovirus associated with herpangina and hand, foot, and mouth disease in seoul, korea. | human enteroviruses (hevs) are a major cause of herpangina, hfmd (hand, foot, and mouth disease), and other neurological diseases in seoul, korea. | 2011 | 22239028 |
| virus inactivation under the photodynamic effect of phthalocyanine zinc(ii) complexes. | various metal phthalocyanines have been studied for their capacity for photodynamic effects on viruses. two newly synthesized water-soluble phthalocyanine zn(ii) complexes with different charges, cationic methylpyridyloxy-substituted zn(ii)- phthalocyanine (znpcme) and anionic sulfophenoxy-substituted zn(ii)-phthalocyanine (znpcs), were used for photoinactivation of two dna-containing enveloped viruses (herpes simplex virus type 1 and vaccinia virus), two rna-containing enveloped viruses (bovine ... | 2017 | 27845890 |
| epidemics of viral meningitis caused by echovirus 6 and 30 in korea in 2008. | enteroviruses (evs) are the leading cause of aseptic meningitis, which is the most frequent central nervous system infection worldwide. we aimed to characterize the evs involved in an aseptic meningitis outbreak in korea in 2008. in korea, echovirus type 30 (e30) and e6 have been associated with outbreaks and frequent meningitis. | 2012 | 22336050 |
| evaluation of methods using celite to concentrate norovirus, adenovirus and enterovirus from wastewater. | enteroviruses, noroviruses and adenoviruses are among the most common viruses infecting humans worldwide. these viruses are shed in the feces of infected individuals and can accumulate in wastewater, making wastewater a source of a potentially diverse group of enteric viruses. in this study, two procedures were evaluated to concentrate noroviruses, adenoviruses and enteroviruses from primary effluent of wastewater. in the first procedure, indigenous enteroviruses, noroviruses and adenoviruses we ... | 2013 | 23727118 |
| human gut-on-a-chip supports polarized infection of coxsackie b1 virus in vitro. | analysis of enterovirus infection is difficult in animals because they express different virus receptors than humans, and static cell culture systems do not reproduce the physical complexity of the human intestinal epithelium. here, using coxsackievirus b1 (cvb1) as a prototype enterovirus strain, we demonstrate that human enterovirus infection, replication and infectious virus production can be analyzed in vitro in a human gut-on-a-chip microfluidic device that supports culture of highly differ ... | 2017 | 28146569 |
| anti-enteroviral triple combination of viral replication inhibitors: activity against coxsackievirus b1 neuroinfection in mice. | chemotherapy is an important tool for controlling enterovirus infections, but clinically effective anti-enterovirus drugs do not currently exist, mainly due to the development of drug resistance. we investigated the combination effects of enterovirus replication inhibitors in order to limit this process. in previous studies, we showed the efficacy of consecutive alternating administration of the triple combinations disoxaril/guanidine/oxoglaucine and pleconaril/guanidine/oxoglaucine against coxs ... | 2016 | 27815331 |
| antiviral combination approach as a perspective to combat enterovirus infections. | human enteroviruses distributed worldwide are causative agents of a broad spectrum of diseases with extremely high morbidity, including a series of severe illnesses of the central nervous system, heart, endocrine pancreas, skeleton muscles, etc., as well as the common cold contributing to the development of chronic respiratory diseases, including the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. the above mentioned diseases along with the significantly high morbidity and mortality in children, as well ... | 2015 | 27442375 |