| standardized method of sendai virus production for biological assays. | | 1976 | 11671 |
| physicochemical properties of sendai virus rna. ii. effect of ionic strength on thermostability of rna. | the dependence of the melting point (tm) and width of the melting range (deltatm) on the ionic strength and ph of the medium was investigated for the double-stranded rna formed through self-hybridization during the isolation of rna from sendai virus. it was shown that tm is a linear function of the logarithm of the sodium ion concentration in the range of concentrations from 10(-1) to 10(-4) m, with a slope of 11.5 degrees toward the abscissa for each order of magnitude. the width of the melting ... | 1976 | 15210 |
| cellular proteases increased in paramyxovirus (sendai virus) carrier cells possibly responsible for enhanced formation of cowpox virus-specific cell surface antigen. | cowpox virus (cpv) growth and its s-ag (cell surface antigen) formation in hvj (sendai virus) carrier cells pre-treated with actinomycin d or puromycin were not affected as much as those in parent cells. these suggest the different cellular functions of carrier cells. the activity of carrier cell extracts causing a characteristic degradation of cpv reacted with them in vitro disappeared after the pre-incubation of extracts with hemoglobin or casein. measurements of cellular protease activities ... | 1977 | 15532 |
| specific alteration of sendai virus glycoprotein subunits. | the alteration produced by chemical and physical agents in the structure and neuraminidase activity of sendai virus glycoproteins was studied. while dissociation of glycoproteins with 1% sodium dodecyl sulphate (sds), 2% beta-mercaptoethanol and 5 m urea for 2 min at 100 degrees c yielded the known hn and f subunits (mol. wts. 60,000 and 53,000), in the presence of 1% sds the glycoproteins were converted into components with approximate mol. wts. of 60,000, 120, 000 and higher. treatment of the ... | 1979 | 35955 |
| sendai virus multiplication in the presence of ceruloplasmin and homologous virus envelopes. | preincubation of sendai virus with ceruloplasmin induced in chorioallantoic membrane (cam) fragments the synthesis of a population with decreased infectivity and high haemagglutinating (ha) and neuraminidase (na) activities, whereas preincubation with solubilized virus envelopes led to the production of a viral population with the same infectivity as the control, but with lower ha and na activities. preincubation of the virus with a mixture of ceruloplasmin and solubilized envelopes depressed th ... | 1979 | 41434 |
| multiple sclerosis and parainfluenza 1 virus. history of the isolation of the virus and expression of phenotypic differences between the isolated virus and sendai virus. | 54 cultures were established from brain tissue obtained 2-3 hrs after death from 1 case of multiple sclerosis and 30 cultures from another case. following fusion with indicator cells in the presence of lysolecithin, a parainfluenza type 1 virus (6/94 virus) was isolated from cultures representing one plaque area in the first case and one plaque area in the second case. a cell line chronically infected with the 6/94 virus has been maintained for more than 100 passages in vitro. a close relationsh ... | 1975 | 49404 |
| antigenic variation among parainfluenza type 1 (sendai) viruses: analysis of 6/94 virus. | 6/94 virus, isolated originally from a multiple sclerosis (ms) patient, was compared antigenically with related parainfluenza type 1 strains. these included two sendai strains of mouse and two sendai strains of reported human origin as well as the ha2 strain. by standard hemagglutination inhibition (hi) or hemadsorption neutralization (had-n) tests or by the complement-fixation (cf) cross-block titration test for detecting surface antigens, 6/94 virus and the sendai virus strains were indistingu ... | 1975 | 52630 |
| on the study of sendai virus hemolysis. i. complete sendai virus lacking in hemolytic activity. | | 1976 | 58472 |
| on the study of sendai virus hemolysis. ii. morphological study of envelop fusion and hemolysis. | | 1976 | 58473 |
| glycoproteins of sendai virus: purification and antigenic analysis. | solubilized envelope antigens (glycoproteins) of sendai virus were purified in a deae-bio-gel a column. monospecific antisera were prepared against the antigens, designated hn and f glycoproteins. these glycoproteins are antigenically distinct. immunodiffusion analyses of the envelope antigens of three representative paramyxoviruses (sendai, yucaipa, and newcastle disease virus)did not reveal any cross-reactions among them with antisera specific for sendai virus glycoproteins. | 1975 | 58850 |
| cell-mediated cytotoxicity against sendai-virus-infected cells. | after injection of sendai virus, a parainfluenza virus type i, mice generate cytotoxic lymphocytes which lyse specifically sendai-virus-infected target cells in vitro. their action is not inhibited by specific antibody in vitro. killer cell activity appears 4 days after infection, reaches a maximum on the 7th day and disappears on the 14th to 16th day. decrease of cytotoxic cell activity is correlated with an increase of haemagglutinating antibodies. the cytotoxic effector cell could be characte ... | 1976 | 60844 |
| shared determinants between virus-infected and trinitrophenyl-conjugated h-2-identical target cells detected in cell-mediated lympholysis. | infection of h-2-identical mice with either lymphocytic choriomeningitis (lcm) virus, vaccinia virus, or paramyxo (sendai) virus resulted in the generation of specifically sensitized cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctl). ctl generated in vitro against 2,4,6-trinitrophenyl (tnp)-conjugated syngeneic stimulator cells were specifically cytotoxic for tnp-conjugated h-2k (d) region identical targets. both lcm and vaccinia-induced ctl, however, were found to be strongly cytotoxic towards tnp-conjugated, h-2k ... | 1976 | 63379 |
| induction of tumors in syrian hamsters by a human renal papovavirus, rf strain. | injection of rf virus (rfv), a papovavirus isolated from human urine, into newborn syrian hamsters induced subcutaneous sarcomas in 50% of the recipients with 18- to 48-week latent periods. transplantation of 2 x 10(6) primary rfv-induced tumor cells into weaning hamsters caused tumors in 100% of the recipients within 1-2 weeks. continuous tissue culture cell lines were established from two primary tumors; one of these was transplantable. an in vitro-transformed continuous cell line (rf-194) obt ... | 1976 | 63561 |
| enhancement and stabilization effect of edta on sendai virus neuraminidase activity. | edta was found to enhance, and exert a stabilizing effect on, sendai virus neuraminidase activity. the effect was dependent on the molecular form of the enzyme and on the nature of the substrate. the "native form" (enzyme bound to the virions) was less influenced than the "mixed form" (enzyme separated from the surface of virions together with other glycoproteins), which in turn was less influenced than the purified enzyme. on the other hand, the stimulation by edta of neuraminidase-induced hydr ... | 1977 | 71853 |
| immunologic properties of purified sendai virus glycoproteins. | | 1977 | 72108 |
| fusion of human cells with haplopappus protoplasts by means of sendai virus. | | 1977 | 73530 |
| histamine release from rat mast cells induced by sendai virus. | | 1977 | 74020 |
| involvement of fusion activity of ultraviolet light-inactivated sendai virus in formation of target antigens recognized by cytotoxic t cells. | mice inoculated with ultraviolet light-inactivated sendai virus mount a cell- mediated immune response to the virus. cytotoxic t cells specific for sendai virus can be obtained by in vitro secondary stimulation of primed spleen cells with syngeneic stimulator cells coated with uv-inactivated sendai virus. neither in vivo nor in vitro stimulation alone is sufficient to generate specific cytotoxic t cells. sharing of the h-2 haplotype between cytotoxic t cells and target cells is required for the ... | 1978 | 78960 |
| primary in vitro sensitization of virus specific cytotoxic t lymphocytes. | cba mouse-derived splenic lymphocytes treated with either beta-priopionlactone-inactivated or u.v. light-inactivated parainfluenza (sendai) virus stimulated in vitro unprimed syngeneic t-lymphocytes to differentiate into cytotoxic t-lymphocytes (ctl). the ctl generated were virus specific and h-2 restricted. for optimal ctl responses to be induced (i) a critical treatment of stimulator cells, (ii) an optimal ratio of responder to stimulator cells and (iii) an in vitro incubation period of 5 days ... | 1978 | 82534 |
| h-2-linked murine cytotoxic t cell responses specific for sendai virus-infected cells. | cba (h-2k) mouse-derived lymphochoriomeningitis virus and herpes simplex virus-specific cytotoxic t lymphocytes lyse virus-infected target cells compatible on either the h-2k or h-2d region. in contrast, cba, c3h and akr (h-2k) mouse-derived sendai virus-specific cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctl) fail to lyse h-2d-compatible virus-infected cells. a similar lack of h-2d region-associated lytic activity was found with c57bl/6 and c57bl/10 (h-2b) mice as well as with the recombinants b10.a (2r) [kb-db] ... | 1978 | 83237 |
| molecular mechanisms involved in the production of chromosomal aberrations. i. utilization of neurospora endonuclease for the study of aberration production in g2 stage of the cell cycle. | chinese hamster ovary cells (cho) were x-irradiated in g2 stage of the cell cycle and immediately treated, in the presence of inactivated sendai virus, with neurospora endonuclease (e.c. 3.1.4.), an enzyme which is specific for cleaving single-stranded dna. with this treatment, the frequencies of all types of chromosome aberrations increased when compared to x-irradiated controls. these results are interpreted as due to the conversion of some of the x-ray induced single-stranded dna breaks into ... | 1978 | 83535 |
| effect of double infection of cowpox virus-infected cells with paramyxovirus (sendai virus) on formation of cowpox virus-specific cell surface antigen. | the formation of cowpox virus-specific cell surface antigen (cpv s-ag) was significantly enhanced by double infection with hvj (sendai virus). simultaneous double infection, superinfection with hvj and superinfection with cpv of cells persistently infected with hvj similarly enhanced the formation of cpv s-ag, while pre-infection with hvj was ineffective. to be effective, cells must be infected at a m.o.i. of greater than or equal to 1.0 and hvj gene functions had to be expressed. the hvj-infect ... | 1978 | 88002 |
| structure of tumor antigen on hybrid cells between mouse mammary ascites tumor and mouse fibroblast l cells. | somatic cell hybrids between mouse fibroblast l cells and mm2 mouse mammary ascites tumor grown in balb/c mice were isolated and the structures of tumor-associated surface antigen of the hybrid cells, and parental mm2 and mouse l cells were investigated by the methods of radioiodination of membrane proteins, immunoprecipitation with a specific antiserum against tumor-associated surface antigens of mm2 tumor (anti-mm2 serum), and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. two mole ... | 1979 | 90019 |
| generation of virus-specific cytotoxic t cells in vitro. i. induction conditions of primary and secondary sendai virus-specific cytotoxic t cells. | h-2-restricted cytotoxic t cells specific for sendai virus were generated in vitro in a primary response from normal mouse lymphocytes cultured in the presence of infective as well as inactivated sendai virus. antigen-presenting cells of different origin, including t cells, were found to be effective stimulators. antibodies to sendai virus were shown to inhibit the activation of specific precursor killer cells when added to cultures before, but not after, the addition of viral antigen. data obta ... | 1979 | 92413 |
| modulation by cell trypsinization of sendai virus expression in african green monkey kidney cells: first infection and establishment of a carrier state. | two african green monkey kidney (agmk) cell lines, 37rc (interferon-producing) and vero (non-interferon-producing), were infected by egg-grown sendai virus passaged in eggs at high and low m.o.i. the appearance of haem-adsorption, and cytopathic effect (c.p.e.) as well as the presence of haemagglutinating virions in the supernates were much more pronounced with a virus seed obtained with 10(-3) diluted passages than with a seed obtained with undiluted inoculum. they were also independent of inte ... | 1979 | 94347 |
| different sensitivity of hemagglutinating and hemolytic activities of sendai virus to non-antibody inhibitors. | research was carried out in order to verify if some components of human serum, which are capable of inhibiting the hemagglutination by sendai virus, are active even towards the hemolysis by the same virus. it was ascertained that both orosomucoid and low-density lipoproteins obtained by floatation had no action on the hemolysis by sendai virus while lipoproteins precipitated with dextrane sulphate showed a certain inhibiting effect. this action however is not due to lipoproteins but is probably ... | 1979 | 95432 |
| regulation of the interferon system: evidence that vero cells have a genetic defect in interferon production. | a clone of vero cells was isolated and shown to be totally unable to synthesize interferon and insensitive to the toxic effect of poly(ri).poly(rc) treatment. cells of this clone and mouse l cells were fused by treatment with polyethylene glycol or sendai virus. hybrid cell clones were isolated following selection in medium containing hypoxanthine, thymidine and ouabain. the hybrids were sensitive to the antiviral effect of poly(ri).poly(rc) and synthesized mouse, but not primate, interferon. i ... | 1979 | 113494 |
| [rearing of germfree guinea pigs and establishment of an spf guinea pig colony]. | new born guinea pigs of hartley strain derived by hysterectomy were fed commercial pellets, cow's milk, egg yolk and vitamin mixture since 0 days of age, when they were kept at 31 +/- 1 degrees c. out of 33 animals, 30 were reared for 40 days under aseptic state and they were transfered to a barrierred facility to establish an spf colony free from bordetella bronchiseptica, streptococcus zooepidemicus (animal c), salmonella spp., tyzzer's organisms, mycoplasma spp., reo 3 virus, sendai virus, ei ... | 1979 | 155009 |
| the effect of 5-bromodeoxyuridine on interferon production in human cells. | 5-bromodeoxyuridine (brdurd) increased interferon production by the namalwa line of human lymphoblastoid cells treated with sendai virus, but inhibited their growth. thymidine, which also inhibited cell growth had no effect on interferon production, so that growth inhibition per se was not the cause of the stimulation. brdurd was incorporated into cellular dna; 5-chlorodeoxyuridine and 5-iododeoxyuridine (which are also incorporated) increased the interferon yield, but 5-fluorodeoxyuridine (whic ... | 1979 | 160442 |
| contributions of cytoplasmic factors to in vitro cellular senescence. | mass populations of normal human lung fibroblasts were enucleated by centrifugation at greater than or equal to 25,000 g in 4 mug/ml cytochalasin b. the 1 per cent of cells that did not enucleate where rendered nonviable by treatment with mitomycin c. whole cells were poisoned with a 99 per cent lethal dose of the sulfhydryl reagent iodoacetate. the washed cells were then mixed with the anucleate cytoplasms, fused with inactivated sendai virus, and planted in rotenone for 20 hours. whereas norma ... | 1975 | 162798 |
| temperature-sensitive virus derived from bhk cells persistently infected with hvj (sendai virus). | bhk-hvj cells, a cell line of baby hamster kidney cells persistantly infected with hvj (sendai virus), started to produce infectious virus by shifting down the incubation temperature from 38 to 32 c. the virus derived from bhk-hvj cells, designated as hjv-pb, was effectively neutralized with antibody against wild-type virus (hvj-w) which was used for the establishment of bhk-hvj cells. hvj-pb replicated in eggs at 32 c, but not at 38 c, while hvj-w grew equally well at both temperatures. when bh ... | 1975 | 163346 |
| malignant transformation of hamster kidney cells by bk virus. | primary hamster kidney cells were transformed by bk virus, a new human papovavirus. transformed (hkbk) cell produced bk virus t antigen and induced tumors in hamsters that developed antibodies to bk virus t antigen. bk virus was rescued from hkbk cells by sendai virus-assisted fusion with permissive cells. one out of six cell lines derived from hkbk cell-induced tumors showed the same characteristics as hkbk cells. | 1975 | 163364 |
| detection by means of cell fusion of macromolecular synthesis involved in the reconstruction of the nuclear envelope in mitosis. | using the cultured chinese hamster cell line don, g1 or s or a mixture of late-s/g2 cells were prepared by release from metaphase arrest. metaphase (m) cells were also obtained by mitotic arrest of log-phase cultures with colcemid and held in metaphase; such m cells remained untreated with any other compound and were termed standard m cells. when interphase (i) cells were fused at ph 8.0 and 37 degrees c with standard cells in the presence of colcemid by means of uv-inactivated sendai virus, bin ... | 1975 | 163831 |
| identification of sendai virus neuraminidase and hemagglutinin subunits. | | 1975 | 164379 |
| detection of cellular hypersensitivity among multiple sclerosis (ms) patients to 6/94 virus; a parainfluenza type 1 isolate from ms brain tissue. | multiple sclerosis (ms) patients and normal subjects were tested for cellular hypersensitivity, using the leukocyte migration inhibition test lmi), to a parainfluenza-1-virus (6/94), previously isolated from brain biopsy tissue of an ms patient. the response of ms patients as a group was not greater than that of normals to 6/94, but a significant increase in the response was observed among selected patients in the early active and chronic advanced stages of the disease. ms patients, however, did ... | 1975 | 164416 |
| distinction between malignant l cells and normal mouse fibroblasts by rosette formation with sheep red blood cells. | murine l cell fibroblasts, and derivatives were found to rosette with sheep red blood cells (srbc). primary fibroblast explants from the parent murine strain, c3h, did not possess this potential. no rosettes were observed with primary fibroblast explants from c57bl and b10br mice, with a human fetal lung fibroblast, with baby hamster fibroblasts or their polyoma transormed derivative, or with a cell line, 1t-22, derived from balb/c mice. hybridization of 1t-22 and l cells, by sendai virus-mediat ... | 1975 | 164508 |
| vaccination against parainfluenza 1 virus (typus muris) infection in order to eradicate this virus in colonies of laboratory animals. | parainfluenza 1 virus (typus muris), commonly known as sendai virus, is still contaminating mouse colonies in japan. this presents a serious problem to keep mouse colonies pathogen-free. it seems that the infection is spread by dust and the virus remains active a considerable time in the mouse breeding rooms after all mice are removed. in order to eradicate the infection of this virus, vaccination was attempted to inoculate newly born young mice successively for about six months and during and a ... | 1975 | 165125 |
| sarcoma in a hamster inoculated with bk virus, a human papovavirus. | an undifferentiated sarcoma occurred in 1 of 52 hamsters inoculated when newborn with bk virus (bkv), a simian virus 40 (sv40)-related human papovavirus. it was transplantable and grew in tissue culture. sera of tumor-bearing hamsters were without antibodies reactive to bkv virion antigens in hemagglutination-inhibition and neutralizationtexts, but contained antibodies reactive in immunofluorescence (if) tests to sv40 t antigen in sv40-transformed cells and to antigens in cells acutely infected ... | 1975 | 165302 |
| hydrocephalus produced by the 6/94 virus; a parainfluenza type 1 isolate from multiple sclerosis brain tissue. | the 6/94 virus, parainfluenza type 1 isolate from multiple sclerosis brain tissue, produced hydrocephalus in newborn syrian hamsters. all animals developed clinical disease and died within a week. ependymal cells lining the aqueduct of sylvius became necrotic and fused, resulting in obstructive hydrocephalus. the 6/94 virus antigen was seen in ependyma and meninges. paramyxovirus nucleocapsids were seen within cytoplasm of ependymal cells. virus was recovered from hamster brains for only two day ... | 1975 | 165802 |
| studies on the immune response and pathogenesis of sendai virus infection of mice. iii. the effects of cyclophosphamide. | studies of the effects of cyclophosphamide on a non-lethal primary sendai virus infection of mice are reported. treatment with cyclophosphamide resulted in failure to limit or eradicate virus, diminished and delayed the appearance of immunoglobulin-secreting cells in the lungs and the production of local and serum antibody, reduced and delayed the appearance of bronchial basement membrane damage and the desquamation of infected mucosal cells, and reduced the incidence of immune complex depositio ... | 1975 | 166035 |
| antigenomes in sendai virions and sendai virus-infected cells. | | 1975 | 166498 |
| phagocytosis of lymphoblastoid cells and cell destruction of human malignant tumor cells. | on the basis of the previous study, on the cell interaction between malignant tumor cells and other cells, especially with lymphocytes, the present study was carried out by investigating cell to cell interaction of human malignant tumor cells and human lymphoblastoid cells such as t-cell (molt-4 cell) and b-cell (burkitt lymphoma cell). as a result it has been revealed that live lymphoblastoid cells were not adhered on the cell surface of the tumor cells, nor is it ingested by tumor cells, but i ... | 1975 | 166555 |
| "ultramicroinjection" of macromolecules or small particles into animal cells. a new technique based on virus-induced cell fusion. | a new method is described for the introduction of macromolecules and small particles into animal cells. the first step in this procedure is the trapping of particles in ghosts of human erythrocytes. this is achieved by the gradual hemolysis of erythrocytes in the presence of the particles to be trapped. the second step is the sendai virus-induced fusion of the ghosts containing the particles with cells. by this method, ferritin and latex spheres (diameter 0.1 mum) have been "injected" into cells ... | 1975 | 167032 |
| location and abundance of poly (a) sequences in sendai virus messenger rna molecules. | adenine-rich sequences from 18s sendai virus messenger rna species were 99% adenylate, 3'-oh terminal, and were present in at least 50% of the rna molecules. intact virus messenger rna molecules were resistant to exonucleolytic attack by polynucleotide phosphorylase, suggesting that their 3'-termini are masked. | 1975 | 167113 |
| protein synthesis in sendai virus-infected cells. | the rate of protein synthesis in chicken embryo cells infected with sendai virus 18 to 20 h previously was about two times greater than in mock-infected controls. at this time of infection six stable virus-induced proteins, four major structural proteins (p, nh, np and m) and two non-structural proteins (28k and 61k), were identified by electrophoresis in sds-polyacrylamide gel of total cell extracts. the structural glycopeptide f was not detected in the infected cell extracts. pulse-chase exper ... | 1975 | 167115 |
| specific macrophage immunity to sendai virus: macrophage aggregation in vitro with sendai virus by cytophilic antibodies. | when a 24-h tube culture of rabbit alveolar macrophages was infected with sendai virus, the rate of infected cells was found to be limited. even at a multiplicity of infection (moi) of 500 plaque-forming units per cell, an average of 63% cells was found to synthesize viral antigens stainable by direct immunofluorescence. when the macrophages obtained from rabbits hyperimmunized by an intravenous injection of sendai virus were infected under the same in vitro conditions, the rate of antigen synth ... | 1975 | 168154 |
| haemoglobin synthesis in fused cells. | when primitive erythroid cells from 5-day-old chick embryos are exposed to inactivated sendai virus they do not undergo haemolysis but fuse with other cells by the normal process of cytoplasmic coalescence. in this way cells actively engaged in the synthesis of haemoglobin may be fused with others that are not. in heterokaryons formed by the fusion of such erythroid cells with cells from established mouse or hamster lines, haemoglobin synthesis initially continues at a high level, but then decli ... | 1975 | 168212 |
| the action of vibrio cholerae and corynebacterium diphtheriae neuraminidases on the sendai virus receptor of human erythrocytes. | studies of the sendai virus haemagglutinin receptor on the human erythrocyte surface have confirmed that it involves 2 leads to 3 linked sialic acid. because the primary specificity of vibrio cholerae neuraminidase is for this linkage, it is able to compete with the virus for the receptor, to which it adsorbs strongly at low temperatures. corynebacterium diphtheriae neuraminidase, whose principal specificity is for a sialic acid linkage other than 2 leads to 3, does not easily remove sendai viru ... | 1975 | 168311 |
| application of agar-gel precipitin test for the detection of sendai virus antibody in rat sera. | a simplified agar-gel precipitin test was performed for the detection of sendai virus antibody in rat sera. a close correlation was observed between detection of antibodies by complement-fixation test and agar-gel precipitin test. no correlation was found between results obtained by hemagglutination-inhibition test and agar-gel precipitin test in sera with hi titer of less than 1:8. | 1975 | 168429 |
| somatic hybrid of thymus leukemia (. | a somatic hybrid of asl-1 leukemia cells [h-2a, thymus leukemia (tl)1,2,3, thy-1b] and lm(tk)-cells [h-2-k, tl(-), thy-1 (-), thymidine kinase deficient] was formed with the aid of inactivated sendai virus. the selection of hybrid cell clones was facilitated by the inability of asl-1 cells to grow in vitro and of lm(tk)-cells to survive in hypoxanthine/amethopterin/thymidine medium. the h-2 antigens of both parental cells were formed in approximately equivalent amounts by the hybrid cells, and t ... | 1975 | 168580 |
| lipids and cell fusion in vitro: effect of amphotericin b. | fusion rate of cl-1d cells mediated by sendai virus was decreased by preincubating the cells or the virus in the presence of lysolecithin. however, a significant increase occurred when the cells were preincubated in the presence of amphotericin b. this increase was suppressed by exogenous cholesterol. | 1975 | 168588 |
| microinjection of thymidine kinase and bovine serum albumin into mammalian cells by fusion with red blood cells. | a procedure is described by which proteins can be rapidly and efficiently microinjected into large numbers of culture cells. proteins were first introduced into mammalian red blood cells during hypotonic hemolysis, and the resealed red cells were subsequently fused to culture cells using sendai virus. in seven experiments, thymidine kinase or 125i-bsa were transferred to culture cells during fusion. although proteins were used in the present experiments, the microinjection procedure should work ... | 1975 | 168973 |
| in vitro and in vivo effect of 1-beta-d-ribofuranosyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamide (ribavirin) on types 1 and 3 parainfulenza virus infections. | 1-beta-d-ribofuranosyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamide (ribavirin) had significant in vitro activity against type 1 parainfluenza (sendai) and type 3 parainogenic (ha-1) viruses. activity was manifested as inhibition of both viral cytopathogenic effect and of recoverable virus or viral hemagglutinin titer. the minimum sendai virus inhibitory concentration was determined to be approximately 3.2 mug/ml. previous studies had determined the minimum concentration inhibiting ha-1 virus was approximately ... | 1975 | 169109 |
| modification of cell membranes with viral envelopes during fusion of cells with hvj (sendai virus). | | 1975 | 169133 |
| modification of cell membranes with viral envelopes during fusion cells with hvj (sendai virus). ii. effects of pretreatment with a small number of hvj. | | 1975 | 169134 |
| a temperature-sensitive mutant of sendai virus with an altered hemagglutinin-neuraminidase polypeptide: consequences for virus assembly and cytopathology. | | 1975 | 169624 |
| influence of oxygen and culture media on maintenance of whole hamster trachea organ cultures and replication of sendai virus. | effects of various oxygen concentrations and culture media on the maintenance of 4-day-old hamster trachea organ cultures and the yield of sendai virus were studied. the basic media used were eagle minimal essential medium, medium 199, and cmrl 1066 supplemented with glutamine and antibiotics and buffered with nahco3 or n-2-hydroxyethyl-piperazine-n'-2'-ethanesulfonic acid (hepes). in addition, each medium was evaluated under a gas phase of 5% co2 and 95% o2, 5% co2 and 45% o2 and 50% n2, or 5% ... | 1975 | 170302 |
| sulfated components of enveloped viruses. | the glycoproteins of several enveloped viruses, grown in a variety of cell types, are labeled with 35so4(-2), whereas the nonglycosylated proteins are not. this was shown for the hn and f glycoproteins of sv5 and sendai virus, the e1 and e2 glycoproteins of sindbis virus, and for the major glycoprotein, gp69, as well as for a minor glycoprotein, gp52, of rauscher leukemia virus. the minor glycoprotein of rauscher leukemia virus is more highly sulfated, with a ratio of 35so4- [3h]glucosamine abou ... | 1975 | 170420 |
| [cellular fusion induced in vitro by the mouse scrapie agent]. | a method is described to demonstrate and measure the cell-fusion in vitro induced by viruses. this technique has been established using sendai virus. it has been used to study the fusing ability of the scrapie agent which is responsible of a slowly progressing spongiform encephalopathy in mice. in vero cells, the scrapie agent induces a fusion which appears slowly and remains moderate. this test can help to detect the human spongiform encephalopathies. | 1979 | 111844 |
| influence of the isolation procedure on the structure, neuraminidase and heamagglutinating activities of sendai virus envelope glycoproteins. | the influence of the isolation procedure of sendai virus glycoproteins from the virus surface on their neuraminidase and haemagglutinating activities, as well as on some structural properties was studied. these glycoproteins exhibited lower specific neuraminidase and haemagglutinating activities than those of intact virus. neuraminidase activity was expressed when the glycoproteins were constituted in forms with molecular weights of about 70,000 (monomer), 160,000 (dimer), 300,000 (tetramer) or ... | 1978 | 35940 |
| relationships between chemical structure and antiviral activity of some biguanide derivatives. | the aim of this report was to indicate the correlation between chemical structure and antiviral activity of some biguanide derivatives obtained according to monsanto chemicals ltd. neth. appl. 289. 283. the studies were carried out on the culture of monkey kidney cells infected with parainfluenza sendai virus and on the mice infected with influenza virus. the increase of antiviral activities of n-phenylbiguanide and n-p-ethoxyphenylbiguanide was estimated. | 1977 | 14461 |
| 'phagocytosis' of sendai virus by model membranes. | sendai viruses were attached to liposomes (vesicular model membranes) at 0 to 4 degrees c, and were then incubated at 37 degrees c. liposomes made of phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol and gangliosides enveloped the viruses at 37 degrees c to give a picture that resembles the ingestion step of phagocytosis. virus particles were enveloped only by liposomes that contained gangliosides which serve as sendai virus receptors. | 1975 | 171337 |
| a solid phase micro-radioimmunoassay to detect minute amounts of ig class specific anti-viral antibody in a mouse model system. | a simple and rapid micro-radioimmunoassay was developed to detect and quantitate class specific mouse anti-sendai virus antibodies. two different 125i-labelled indicator systems were studied. after incubation of test serum with antigen one system used 125i-rabbit anti-mouse igg (ria 1) and the second employed rabbit anti-mouse igg, iga or igm followed by 125i-sheep anti-rabbit immunoglobulin reagent (ria 2). the ria 2 method was adopted for routine use as it was more sensitive, gave better discr ... | 1975 | 172559 |
| isolation of rna transcripts from the entire sendai viral genome. | three classes of viral transcripts (18s, 24s, and 33s) were isolated from viral ribonucleoproteins in sendai virus-infected cells. hybridization studies with virion minus strand genome rna demonstrated that the 18s rna contained transcripts from 60% of the viral genome while the 33s rna contained transcripts from the entire viral genome. brief heat of me2so treatment of the 33s rna demonstrated that this rna was composed of two classes: rna which continued to sediment at 33s (33s rna) and 18s rn ... | 1975 | 172654 |
| restoration of ultraviolet-induced unscheduled dna synthesis of xeroderma pigmentosum cells by the concomitant treatment with bacteriophage t4 endonuclease v and hvj (sendai virus). | ultraviolet (uv)-induced unscheduled dna synthesis of xeroderma pigmentosum cells, belonging to complementation groups a, b, c, d, and e, was restored to the normal level by concomitant treatment of the cells with t4 endonuclease v and uv-inactivated hvj (sendai virus). the present results suggest that (1) t4 endonuclease molecules were inserted effectively into the cells by the interaction of hvj with the cell membranes, (2) the enzyme was functional on human chromosomal dna which had been dama ... | 1975 | 172893 |
| specific cleavage of sendai virus nucleocapsid protein subunits during virus storage. | the alteration of whole sendai virus and especially of its nucleocapsid polypeptides, during storage of the virus at 4 degree c in the allantoic fluids in which it was cultivated, has cultivated, has been studied by sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis. during virus storage the nucleocapsid protein subunits with a molecular weight of 60,000 and the putative inner envelope protein with a molecular weight of 38,000 were mainly affected. both virus components were partially degraded to smalle ... | 1975 | 173260 |
| suppression of pulmonary antibacterial activity following sendai virus infection in mice: dependence on virus dose. | | 1975 | 173264 |
| interaction of sendai virus with human erythrocytes. iii. further investigation on the effects of pyridine on the virus envelope. | the ultrastructure of the pyridine-treated sendai virus has further been investigated by electron microscopy of chemically fixed and negatively stained virions. marked changes in the ultrastructural appearance of the viral envelope have been detected. the extent of these changes depends on pyridine dose and ranges from minor extraction of the outer track components to multiple breaks and disintegration of the whole envelope. at 16% pyridine a fragmentation of viral nucleocapsid has also been not ... | 1975 | 173377 |
| [formation of polysomes in virus-specific rna in the transcriptive complex of sendai virus infected cells]. | transcriptive complex in the cytoplasm of sendai virus infected cells included parental rna in the form of ribonucleoprotein, nascent rna and polysomes. its buoyant density in csc1 was 1.45 g/ml. the complex dissociated three hours after the infection, and nascent rna was fully separated from the parental rnp. the template for polysomes within the complex was identified under conditions when the complex was dissociated in cycloheximide-treated cells. polysomes were revealed in the association wi ... | 1975 | 173426 |
| the synthesis of sendai virus polypeptides in infected cells. | | 1976 | 174287 |
| protease activation mutants of sendai virus. activation of biological properties by specific proteases. | | 1976 | 174294 |
| apparent dispensability of the carbohydrate moiety of human interferon for antiviral activity. | human leukocyte and tritium-labeled fibroblast interferons, prepared by induction with sendai virus and with double-stranded polyinosinic acid.polycytidylic acid respectively, have been studied in relation to the carbohydrate moieties attached to them. these interferons were partially purified by immunoabsorbance and by gel filtration. on treatment with glycosidases, about 80% of the 3h-labeled sugar moieties in this glycoprotein-containing fraction was removed without detectable alteration of t ... | 1976 | 176158 |
| plaque assay of sendai virus in monolayers of a clonal line of porcine kidney cells. | the mn strain of sendai virus formed distinct plaques in monolayers of ps-y15 cells, an established porcine kidney cell line. the plaque-forming ability was neutralized by specific antibody to the virus. a linear relationship was found between the concentration of virus and the number of plaques. the sensitivity of this assay was about equal to that of the in ovo titration. when applied to the serum neutralization test, the end points obtained were comparable to those of the hemagglutination-inh ... | 1976 | 176175 |
| high-titer replication of nondefective sendai virus in mdbk cells. | egg-grown sendai virus was adapted to growth in a bovine kidney cell line (mdbk cells) by serial passage under defined conditions. the adapted virus contained only 50s rna and was highly infectious for mdbk cells. infection of these cells with a high multiplicity of adapted virus resulted in a yield of 10(8) mdbk-infectious units/ml by 18 h, accompanied by severe cytopathic changes in the host. cell fusion did not occur. examination of the proteins of the adapted virus revealed that despite the ... | 1976 | 176432 |
| kinetics of utilization of sendai virus rna and protein in the process of virion assembly. | the synthesis of the 50s genomic rna and strucural proteins of sendai virus was examined with respect to their utilization in virus assembly. it was found that during a single cycle of infection, 50s rna was synthesized before the structural proteins and that both rna and protein were synthesized 2 to 4 h before their appearance in released virions. pulse-chase labeling indicated that the np and p proteins synthesized early and the m and f proteins synthesized late were preferentially incorporat ... | 1976 | 176433 |
| synthesis of complementary rna containing polyadenylic acid by sendai virions in vitro. | sendai virus synthesized, in vitro, [32p]amp- and [3h]amp-labeled rna that ranged in size from 3 to 25s with major peaks at 7s and 13s. both labeled products were predominantly single-stranded rna and were complementary in base sequence to 50s virion rna. passage of the 3 to 25s in vitro rna transcripts through a polyuridylic acid-cellulose column revealed that only the larger (predominantly 18s) rna transcripts contained polyadenylic acid[poly(a)] segments capable of binding to the column. afte ... | 1976 | 176443 |
| [synthesis of virus-specific macromolecules and virion maturation in chick embryo cells infected with sendai virus]. | synthesis and accumulation of virus-specific rna, proteins and intracellular nucleocapsids are observed in sendai virus-infected chick embryo cells for approximately 2 days postinfection. however, only an insignificant part of these products leaves the cell as a result of maturation of virus particles. it is suggested that the cause of the ineffective maturation of virions in the system under study may be in the observed instability of one of virus structural proteins in the infected cells, m pr ... | 1976 | 176819 |
| [protein metabolism in chick embryo cells infected with sendai virus]. | inocluation of chick fibroblasts with sendai virus results in a significant increase of protein synthesis. in cytoplasmic extracts of infected cells the content of polyribosomes increased and that of free (nontranslating) 80s ribosomes decreased, the "additional" polysomes of the infected cells being involved in protein synthesis. the portion of virus-specific protein synthesis in the infected cells was about 40% of the total protein synthesis. this means that with the total increase of protein ... | 1976 | 176820 |
| effect of ceruloplasmin on sendai virus multiplication in chorioallantoic membrane fragments. | three stages can be distinguished in the evolution of ha titer during sendai virus multiplication in chorioallantoic membrane (cam) fragments in relation to the age of cam and conditions of inoculation and maintenance. ceruloplasmin has an inhibitory effect on virus multiplication, more marked in the case of stationarily maintained cam fragments and dependent on the relationship between the moment of ceruloplasmin addition and of virus inoculation. maximum inhibition is achieved by inoculation o ... | 1975 | 178090 |
| [predominant loss of hamster chromosomes in hybrids of somatic cells from the dzungarian hamster and mice]. | by means of the application of uv-inactivated sendai virus interspecific hybrids of dzungarian hamsterxmouse somatic cells were obtained in hat selective medium. karyotypic changes in these hybrid somatic cells were recorded during a 13 months' period. in the beginning each hybrid somatic cell contained 1 chromosome set of dzungarian hamster and 1 mouse chromosome set. it was observed that throughout 13 months' of cultivation the elimination of dzungarian hamster chromosomes prevailed over that ... | 1976 | 178573 |
| pathogenesis of sendai virus infection in the central nervous system of mice. | the present study was aimed to clarify the pathogenesis of sendai virus infection to the central nervous system (cns) of mice. one-to 2-day-old suckling and 4-week-old mice were inoculated intracerebrally with the virus. the virus multiplied higher in suclings than in adults. immunofluorescent studies in sucklings revealed that the viral antigens appeared initially in ependyma, choroid plexus epithelium, and meninges. subsequently they spread to subependymal cells and finally were found in neuro ... | 1976 | 178607 |
| trypsin action on the growth of sendai virus in tissue culture cells. iv. evidence for activation of sendai virus by cleavage of a glycoprotein. | results obtained by using a reconstitution technique on the sendai virus envelope confirm that cleavage of one of the envelope glycoproteins (gp2) is prerequisite for activation of hemolytic and cell fusion activities of sendai virus. the cleavage of gp2 occurs even when free envelope subunits are directly treated with trypsin in the presence of detergent. trypsin treatment, either of the reconstituted particle or of the free envelope subunits but not of the intact virion, also causes a cleavage ... | 1976 | 178921 |
| carrier state of antibody and viruses in a mouse breeding colony persistently infected with sendai and mouse hepatitis viruses. | in a large-scale mouse breeder colony persistently infected with sendai and mouse hepatitis viruses, most adult breeders 8 wk or more of age were shown to have antibodies to both viruses when monitored over a periof of 20 mo. antibody to sendai virus, apparently transmitted from the dam, was detected in 76% and 2% of mice aged 3 and 4 wk. respectively, and 64% and 100% of mice aged 6 and 8 wk, respectively. by seroconversion of sentinel cage-mates, a sendai virus-carrier state was demonstrated w ... | 1976 | 178959 |
| membrane (m) protein of hvj (sendai virus): its role in virus assembly. | | 1976 | 179199 |
| [host-induced modification of hemagglutinating virus of japan (hvj, sendai virus) (author's transl)]. | | 1975 | 179210 |
| [localization of genome rna synthesis in sendai virus]. | localization of sendai virus 50s rna in ehrlich ascitic carcinoma cells was studied. at 48 hours postinfection virus-specific 50s rna was found in the nucleus after 30 min exposure to 3h-uridine, and its amount increased after 1-hour exposure to the precursor reaching 18% of the total nucleus virus-specific rna. after 2-hour or longer exposure to the precursor the amount of 50s rna in the nuclei decreased considerably and in the cytoplasm in this gradient region a considerable radioactivity appe ... | 1975 | 179216 |
| differential induction of epstein-barr virus-related antigens in human lymphoblastoid cells by virus-mediated cell-to-cell contact. | differential induction of epstein-barr virus (ebv)-related antigens was observed after sendai virus-medicated fusion of producer and non-producer cells with various human and mouse cells. the ebv-determined early nuclear antigen (ena), early antigen (ea) and viral capsid antigen (vca) could be induced at a high rate in producer cells (p3hr-1 and b95-8), normally expressing these antigens at very low frequency, as early as 12-24 h after fusion with each other or with human amnion fl cells. in con ... | 1976 | 179955 |
| defect in intracellular killing of staphylococcus aureus within alveolar macrophages in sendai virus-infected murine lungs. | bacterial multiplication associated with virus infections is related to defects in in situ bactericidal (phagocytic) mechanisms of the lung. to determine whether the phagocytic defect was in bacterial ingestion and/or intracellular digestion, mice were infected with a sublethal dose of aerosolized sendai virus and challenged 7 days later with a finely dispersed aerosol of staphylococcus aureus. groups of uninfected and virus-infected mice were sacrificed at 0, 6, 12, and 24 h after challenge, th ... | 1976 | 180054 |
| sensitivity of rhinoviruses to human leukocyte and fibroblast interferons. | rhinoviruses were tested for sensitivity to human interferon from two sources: human leukosytes induced with sendai virus and human diploid fibroblasts induced with polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidylic acid. twenty-five serotypes of rhinovirus were tested against fibroblast interferon in hela cells, and five serotypes were evaluated in fibroblast cultures against fibroblast and leukocyte interferons. sensitivity varied widely in the hela cell assay; rhinovirus type 10 was inhibited by approximatel ... | 1976 | 180194 |
| localization fo the gene avg for the antiviral expression of immune and classical interferon to the distal portion of the long arm of chromosome 21. | the responses of normal fibroblasts and of fibroblasts trisomic and monosomic for chromosome 21 to exogenously administered virus-induced (classical) and phytohemagglutinin-induced (immune) human interferon were determined. the virus-induced interferon was obtained from leukocytes treated with sendai virus and from neonatal foreskin fibroblasts treated with newcastle disease virus. with both classical and immune interferons, the mean response of the trisomic cell lines was three times that of th ... | 1976 | 180211 |
| enhancement of polysome formation and protein synthesis in sendai virus-infected cells. | a considerable stimulation of total protein synthesis in sendai virus-infected chicken fibroblasts occurred 18 h after infection. the stimulation of synthesis was shown to be due mainly to the synthesis of virus-specific proteins; the synthesis of host proteins was either unchanged or slightly enhanced. the level of functional polyribosomes in virus-infected cells was also increased as compared to that in mock-infected control while the number of free 80s ribosomes was proportionally decreased. | 1976 | 180240 |
| release by human chromosome 3 of the block at g1 of the cell cycle, in hybrids between tsaf8 hamster and human cells. | a temperature-sensitive mutant of syrian hamster cells, af8 was fused with simian-virus-40-transformed lesch-nyhan fibroblasts; lnsv, in the presence of beta-propiolactone-inactivated sendai virus. the af8 cells grow well at 33.5 degrees but are arrested in mid g1 period when shifted to 39 degrees. the lnsv cells are deficient in hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyltransferase. the hybrid clones were selected in hypoxanthine-aminopterin-thymidine medium at 39 degrees. a total of 20 clones was iso ... | 1976 | 180537 |
| naturally-occurring sendai virus infection of athymic nude mice. | nude (nu/nu) mice, balb/c-derived, responded to a naturally-occurring sendai virus infection in a different manner than conventional mice. they developed a chronic debilitating disease and a persistent viral infection of the respiratory tract with intranuclear inclusion bodies in tracheal, bronchial and bronchiolar epithelial cells, laryngeal and tracheal glandular epithelium and in type i and ii alveolar cells. the infection was identified by serologic and tissue culture studies, the mouse anti ... | 1976 | 180649 |
| interferon production by human leukaemic leucocytes. | the sendai virus-induced interferon (if) production by partially purified human leucocyte suspensions of normal donors and of leukaemic patients have been investigated in vitro. (i) an increased production was observed with leucocytes taken from patients suffering from chronic myelogenous leukaemia (cml) during exacerbation, but the production was approximately normal with cells taken during remission. (ii) if production was not influenced by large doses of cytostatics (dbm, 5-fu, fudr, 5-hu, 6- ... | 1976 | 180756 |
| anti-neuraminidase antibody response in hamsters experimentally infected with sendai virus. | investigations were performed to study the behaviour of neuraminidase-inhibiting (n.i.a.) and, by comparison, of neutralizing, hemagglutinin-inhibiting (h.i.a.) and anti-s and anti-v complement-fixing (c.f.a.) antibodies in hamsters inoculated intranasally with a sendai virus strain of recent isolation. moreover the distribution of the virus in the respiratory tract was followed. preliminary experiences were done to assure a correct performance of the neuraminidase-inhibition test. first of all ... | 1975 | 180914 |
| a proposal for designation of sendai virus proteins. | | 1975 | 181619 |
| a quantitative study of ultramicroinjection of macromolecules into animal cells. | improvements in the technique of ultramicroinjection of macromolecules into animal cells are described. the method is based on the sendai virus-induced fusion of animal cells with erythrocyte ghosts containing trapped macromolecules. fusion of hepatoma tissue culture (htc) cells with ghosts prepared by hemolysis of erythrocytes in the presence of cytochrome c is much more efficient than fusion with ghosts prepared in the presence of bovine serum albumin (bsa) as in previous investigations. la+++ ... | 1976 | 182374 |
| isolation and characterization of sendai virus di-rnas. | when passaged at high multiplicity, four strains of sendai virus all showed evidence that they contained defective interfering (di) particles. rna isolated from nucleocapsids of cells infected with the high multiplicity passage stocks was found to consist of only minor amounts of nondefective genome length rna and major amounts of smaller rnas, the di-rnas. these di-rnas were found to have unusual and variable sedimentation properties in sucrose gradients, but were found to represent unique segm ... | 1976 | 182384 |
| the role of circulating interferon in the modifications of immune responsiveness by mouse hepatitis virus (mhv-3). | mhv-3 modifies the humoral immune response to srbc. during acute infections timing was critical: infecting mice before antigen administration led to immunodepression. simultaneous injection with virus and srbc resulted in immunostimulation. persistent mhv-3 infections were associated with a chronic immunodepression. the presence of circulating interferon (if) was well correlated with these modifications. if peaking before antigen was associated with immunodepression whereas if secretion after an ... | 1976 | 182881 |
| transfer of trnas to somatic cells mediated by sendai-virus-induced fusion. | trnas from yeast (trnaphe and 4s rna) and escherichia coli (suiii+ trnaityr) have been transferred to mouse cells by means of a two-step transfer procedure [loyter, zakai, and kulka (1975) j. cell biol. 66, 292-304; schlegel and rechsteiner (1975) cell 5, 371-379]. in the first stage of the transfer trnas were incorporated into rabbit red blood cells (rbcs). thereafter, the loaded erythrocytes were fused with recipient mouse cells by means of sendai virus. at least 0.3-0.4% of the total input of ... | 1976 | 183211 |