| physico-chemical properties of mouse hepatitis virus (mhv-2) grown on dbt cell culture. | some properties of a strain of mouse hepatitis virus, mhv-2, grown on dbt cells were determined using a plaque assay on the cells. viral growth was not inhibited by the presence of actinomycin d or 5-iodo-2-deoxyuridine. mhv-2 was completely inactivated by ether, chloroform, sodium deoxycholate or beta-propiolactone, but showed a moderate resistance to trypsin. heating at 56 c for 30 min did not completely abolish the virus infectivity. the virus was stable after heating at 50 c for 15 min in 1m ... | 1978 | 30881 |
| antigenic relationship of the feline infections peritonitis virus to coronaviruses of other species. | utilizing the direct and indirect fluorescent antibody procedure, the antigenic relationship of the feline infectious peritonitis virus (fipv) to 7 other human and animal coronaviruses was studied. fipv was found to be closely related to transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) of swine. transmissible gastroenteritis virus and fipv were in turn antigenically related to human coronavirus 229e (hcv-229e) and canine coronavirus (ccv). an interesting finding in the study was that the 8 coronavirus ... | 1978 | 81044 |
| factors involved in the age-dependent resistance of mice infected with low-virulence mouse hepatitis virus. | four-week-old weanling mice survived, whereas 1-week-old suckling mice died, after intraperitoneal inoculation of mouse hepatitis virus, mhv-s strain. the factors involved in this difference in susceptibility were studied. after virus inoculation, differences in virus growth in the liver and spleen were observed, which correlated with the susceptibility of animals to the virus. interferon, detected at an early stage of infection, was considerably lower in suckling mice than in weanling mice. tit ... | 1979 | 94538 |
| congenic strains of mice susceptible and resistant to mouse hepatitis virus. | a congenic strain of c3hss mice, which is histocompatible with c3h mice but differs from them in susceptibility to mouse hepatitis virus (mhv), has been developed by introducing the gene for susceptibility to the mhv-pri virus from the pri mice. this was accomplished by continual back-crossing of the hybrids to the c3h mice, but at the same time by selection of susceptibility by use of macrophage culture tests. after 20 back-crosses, a strain homozygous for susceptibility was produced by brother ... | 1976 | 135262 |
| immunopathology of mouse hepatitis virus type 3 infection. role of humoral and cell-mediated immunity in resistance mechanisms. | humoral and cell-mediated immune responses were studied in resistant and susceptible strains of mice infected with mouse hepatitis virus type iii (mhv 3). virus was maintained by regular passages in susceptible dba/2 mice and assayed in dba/2 mice by ld-50 determination. normal resistant a strain mice were able to clear the virus from liver, brain, and serum within 7 days after infection. no neutralizing antibody was found. transfer of serum from immunized a strain mice was not effective in prot ... | 1975 | 163277 |
| mouse hepatitis virus-induced recurrent demyelination. a preliminary report. | four-week-old balb/c mice inoculated intracerebrally with the jhm strain of mouse hepatitis virus developed an acute demyelinating disease followed by apparent recovery with remyelination. when surviving mice were examined 16 months later, small areas of active demyelination were still present. this is the first reported example, to our knowledge, of an experimental viral infection in which acute demyelination with recovery is followed by persisting or recurring demyelination. | 1975 | 163630 |
| husbandry of the "nude" mouse in conventional and germfree environments. | the "nude" mouse is a unique tool for immunologic studies. its relatively short life span dictates the application of rigid environmental controls to increase longevity if the mouse is to assume the role of a practical experimental animal. in this paper we discussed the husbandry procedures employed to raise "nude" mice in our facilities under conventional, defined flora, and germfree conditions. conventional and defined flora mice were raised on laminar flow stay-clean rocks, and germfree "nude ... | 1975 | 167230 |
| [mouse pancreas involvement in murine hepatitis virus infection]. | after intraperitoneal inoculation with mouse hepatitis virus (mhv) into mice, the excretory cells of the pancreas showed a marked vacuolar degeneration concomitantly with hepatitis. mhv-specific antigen was evidenced in the cytoplasm of infected cells. electron microscopy revealed a number of virions within the matrix, spaces of the endoplasmic reticulum and areas of focal cytoplasmic necrosis. the virus titer of the pancreas was equal or superior to that of the liver at least in early stage of ... | 1975 | 171039 |
| pathogenicity of mouse hepatitis virus for mice depending upon host age and route of infection. | day-old to 4-week-old mice from a breeder colony which had been seromonitored to be free from mouse hepatitis virus infection, were tested for susceptibility to the virus by different routes of inoculation. after intraperitoneal, intravenous and intracerebral inoculation of 10(2) or more plaque-forming units of the virus, mice of all ages died of acute hepatitis. while day-old mice died also after subcutaneous, intranasal and peroral routes of inoculation, those 3 weeks or more of age resisted t ... | 1975 | 171465 |
| oligodendrocytes and their myelin-plasma membrane connections in jhm mouse hepatitis virus encephalomyelitis. | mice infected with jhm strain of mouse hepatitis virus develop a demyelinating encephalomyelitis. myelin sheaths are stripped off axons by invading macrophages after degeneration of the infected oligodendrocytes. the derivation of the virus from granular cytoplasmic particles that condense around and bud into endoplasmic reticulum is demonstrated. the infected oligodendrocytes undergo hypertrophic changes prior to degeneration. hypertrophic cells are characterized by abundant microtubules, filam ... | 1975 | 171479 |
| neuropathological effects of persistent infection of mice by mouse hepatitis virus. | mouse hepatitis virus (mhv3) can persist for months in strains of mice with genetically controlled "semisusceptibility" to this virus. the pathology of the chronic neurological disease induced in these animals has been investigated by conventional histology and immunofluorescence. a2g mice develop a chronic choroidoependymitis and meningitis leading to severe hydrocephalus and hydromyelia. in c3h mice a widespread vasculitis was observed, with both viral antigens and bound immunoglobulins in ves ... | 1975 | 172453 |
| isolation of low-virulent mouse hepatitis virus from nude mice with wasting syndrome and hepatitis. | mouse hepatitis viruses were isolated on dbt cell culture from affected livers in most nude mice having wasting syndrome and chronic hepatitis. these nude isolates were pathogenic for cortisone-treated icr weanling mice but not for non-treated ones. | 1975 | 177794 |
| carrier state of antibody and viruses in a mouse breeding colony persistently infected with sendai and mouse hepatitis viruses. | in a large-scale mouse breeder colony persistently infected with sendai and mouse hepatitis viruses, most adult breeders 8 wk or more of age were shown to have antibodies to both viruses when monitored over a periof of 20 mo. antibody to sendai virus, apparently transmitted from the dam, was detected in 76% and 2% of mice aged 3 and 4 wk. respectively, and 64% and 100% of mice aged 6 and 8 wk, respectively. by seroconversion of sentinel cage-mates, a sendai virus-carrier state was demonstrated w ... | 1976 | 178959 |
| particles morphologically resembling mouse hepatitis virus in nude mouse uterus. | particles morphologically resembling mouse hepatitis virus were observed in uterine gland lumens and endometrial cells of 8 nude mice. although 3 mice had been experimentally inoculated with baboon type c viral-infected materials, no ultrastructural evidence of oncornavirus-associated structures was observed. | 1975 | 179967 |
| response of nude mice to a mouse hepatitis virus isolated from a wasting nude mouse. | chronic active hepatitis was produced in nude mice after inoculation with a mouse hepatitis virus from a natural nude case which was incapable of causing fatal infection in haired heterozygous mice without cortisone. survival time of infected nude mice varied greatly from 1 to 10 weeks after the inoculation. degeneration and necrosis of hepatocytes, apparition of small and megalocytic hepatocytes, and infiltration of lymphocytes and plasma cells with fibrosis, were most remarkable in those which ... | 1976 | 180312 |
| [plasma free amino acids in experimental hepatitis caused by mhv-3 virus]. | | 1976 | 181036 |
| the role of circulating interferon in the modifications of immune responsiveness by mouse hepatitis virus (mhv-3). | mhv-3 modifies the humoral immune response to srbc. during acute infections timing was critical: infecting mice before antigen administration led to immunodepression. simultaneous injection with virus and srbc resulted in immunostimulation. persistent mhv-3 infections were associated with a chronic immunodepression. the presence of circulating interferon (if) was well correlated with these modifications. if peaking before antigen was associated with immunodepression whereas if secretion after an ... | 1976 | 182881 |
| [immunization of the nude mouse against mouse hepatitis virus through the transfer of sensitized lymphocytes]. | nude (nu/nu) mice failed to resist to virulent mouse hepatitis virus (mhv) infection after vaccination with inactivated virus. resistance was induced in nu/nu mice by the transfer of spleen cells from heterozygous haired (nu/ +) mice concomitantly with the vaccination, and the effect was more remarkable with spleen cells from immunized nu/ + mice. antibody was demonstrable in nu/nu mice having received nu/ + cells and survived challenge infection. | 1976 | 183876 |
| difference in response to mouse hepatitis virus among susceptible mouse strains. | after intraperitoneal inoculation with a high-virulent mouse hepatitis virus (mhv) a significant difference was seen in survival time between ddd and cdf1 (balb/c x ddd) mice, while 50% lethal doses were not significantly different. with 3 x 10(3) pfu of the virus cdf1 and ddd mice died in 45 and 120 hr, respectively, on the average. this difference of susceptibility between ddd and cdf1 mice was first demonstrable at the age of 1 week and was more pronounced at the age of 4 weeks but showed no ... | 1976 | 185441 |
| lethal enteritis in infant mice caused by mouse hepatitis virus. | | 1976 | 185457 |
| h-2 influence on the chronic disease due to mouse hepatitis virus type 3 [proceedings]. | | 1976 | 187456 |
| an improved method for titration of mouse hepatitis virus type 3 in a mouse cell culture. | | 1976 | 189731 |
| regeneration of oligodendroglia during recovery from demyelinating disease. | infection of mice with the jhm strain of mouse hepatitis virus causes demyelination as a result of a cytolytic infection of oligodendroglia. in recovery, animals show remyelination, which could result either from surviving oligodendrocytes extending their territory or by generation of new oligodendroglia. electron microscopic autoradiographic studies with 3h-labeled thymidine demonstrate that the cells associated with remyelination are newly generated oligodendroglia. | 1977 | 190678 |
| [effects of calcium-2,2'-disulfohexanoate on murine hepatitis due to mhv-3 virus]. | | 1976 | 192256 |
| adverse effects of mouse hepatitis virus on ascites myeloma passage in the balb/ej mouse. | during experimental serial passage of ascites myelomas through balb/cj mice, unexpected illness and premature deaths occurred. postmortem examination of affected mice revealed focal or diffuse discolored depressed areas in the liver and, in some cases, splenomegaly. histopathologic findings consisted of focal to diffuse areas of necrosis with minimal leukocytic infiltration. aerobic and anaerobic bacterial cultures of livers and spleens from affected mice were negative. mouse hepatitis virus (mh ... | 1977 | 192942 |
| age-dependent response of mice to a mouse hepatitis virus, mhv-s. | to a mouse hepatitis virus strain mhv-s, 4 week-old icr mice were shown to be fully resistant irrespective of route and dose of inoculation, and fatal infection was produced only with cortisone treatment. two-week-old mice also showed high resistance to mhv-s except for after intracerebral inoculation, and 60% of infected mice died. mice aged 1 week or less, however, died after intracerebral, intraperitoneal, subcutaneous and intranasal inoculation, while some of them survived after peroral inoc ... | 1977 | 194073 |
| naturally occurring mouse hepatitis virus infection in the nude mouse. | a group of athymic nude mice developed an unusual chronic wasting disease within 1-3 months after their arrival into the laboratory. affected nude mice had severe, acute-to-chronic, active hepatitis with multinucleated giant hepatocytes and fibrosis. vascular and central nervous system lesions were frequently present, giant cell peritonitis, ascites, and multinucleated giant cells in the intestinal epithelial villi were less frequently observed. mouse hepatitis virus was isolated from the livers ... | 1977 | 195136 |
| free amino acids in plasma during experimental infection of mice with the mhv-3 strain of mouse hepatitis virus. | the concentrations of total free amino acids, single free amino acids, urea, and ammonia were determined in plasma of mice during experimental infection with the mhv-3 strain of mouse hepatitis virus. analysis of free amino acids was done by ion-exchange resin chromatography under conditions that allowed the use of a single chromatographic column, separation of glutamine and asparagine, and an accelerated rate of chromatography. the results showed that as early as 6 hr after infection there was ... | 1977 | 198486 |
| in vivo and in vitro models of demyelinating diseases: tropism of the jhm strain of murine hepatitis virus for cells of glial origin. | | 1977 | 199356 |
| respiratory infection in mice with sialodacryoadenitis virus, a coronavirus of rats. | sialodacryoadenitis virus (sdav), a coronavirus of rats, evoked both serum neutralization and complement fixation antibody responses when inoculated intranasally in mice. weanling gnotobiotic cd-1 mice inoculated intranasally with 10(3.0) mean tissue culture infective doses of sdav remained asymptomatic. virus was recovered from the nasopharynx, trachea, and lung from day 2 to day 7. viral antigen was readily detected by indirect immunofluorescence in the lung but rarely in the nasopharynx. infe ... | 1977 | 201568 |
| serologic study on the prevalence of murine viruses in five canadian mouse colonies. | a serologic study was made of five canadian mouse colonies to determine the prevalence of antibodies to 11 murine viruses. a total of 139 sera from the five colonies were evaluated by complement fixation or hemagglutination inhibition methods. viral antibodies were present in all five colonies. antibodies to pneumonia virus of mice, minute virus of mice, theiler's encephalomyelitis virus, and reovirus type 3 were found in all five colonies. k-virus antibodies were present in four colonies. polyo ... | 1977 | 201796 |
| lethal intestinal virus of infant mice is mouse hepatitis virus. | | 1977 | 202055 |
| persistent infection with mouse hepatitis virus of low virulence in nude mice. | a persisting type of infection with wasting syndrome was established in congenitally athymic nude mice after intraperitoneal inoculation with a mouse hepatitis virus which was not fully pathogenic for heterozygous haired littermates. from the liver, spleen, lymph nodes, and brain of most infected nude mice, the virus was detected at high titers during aperiod from 6 to 35 days postinfection, occurrence of degenerative and necrotic lesions being correlated with virus titers in these organs. the t ... | 1977 | 205762 |
| stability of neurotropic mouse hepatitis virus (jhm strain) during chronic infection of neuroblastoma cells. | a line of mouse neuroblastoma cells which was chronically infected with the neurotropic strain (jhm) of mhv, a member of the coronavirus group, was established. these cells, designated nj, exhibited typical mhv cytopathic effects (cpe) at all passage levels along with the continual production of infectious virus. most cells were positive for viral antigen by immunoflourescence. viral particles consistent with the morphology of mhv were found by electron microscopy. the uninfected neuroblastoma c ... | 1978 | 207241 |
| ribonucleoprotein-like structures from coronavirus particles. | the structure of the ribonucleoprotein (rnp) complex of three coronaviruses was investigated. a single-stranded helix of diam. 14 to 16 nm and up to 320 nm in length was released from disrupted particles of human coronavirus strain 229e and mouse hepatitis virus strain 3 after incubation in mild conditions. the helical complexes appeared to be composed of globular subunits with long axes of 5 to 7 nm surrounding a hollow core of diam. 3 to 4 nm. the complexes were shown to be sensitive to both p ... | 1978 | 207820 |
| rna of mouse hepatitis virus. | the rna of mouse hepatitis virus, a coronavirus, was isolated from the virus released early in the infection and analyzed by sucrose gradient sedimentation and electrophoresis. it was found to consist of a piece of single-stranded rna of about 60s. its molecular weight was estimated to be 5.4 x 10(6) by electrophoresis in methylmercury-agarose gels. at least one third of the rna contained polyadenylated sequences. it is, therefore, probably positive stranded. the virus harvested late in the infe ... | 1978 | 207885 |
| mouse hepatitis virus strain mhv-s: formation of pseudotypes with a murine leukemia virus envelope. | mouse hepatitis virus strain mhv-s forms pseudotype virions enveloped with friend leukemia virus material when propagated in srcdf1 dbt cells persistently infected with friend leukemia virus. | 1978 | 208999 |
| utility of mouse cell line dbt for propagation and assay of mouse hepatitis virus. | | 1978 | 209230 |
| isolation of mouse hepatitis virus from infant mice with fatal diarrhea. | an epizootic of fatal diarrhea occurred in mice which were approximately 10 days of age. the enteric lesions were similar to those reported in lethal intestinal virus of infant mice, but many diseased mice also had necrotic hepatitis. mouse hepatitis virus antigen was demonstrated in the affected intestine and liver, and a virus that produced syncitium formation in mouse brain tumor cell culture was isolated from the intestines, livers, and brains. the virus was capable of producing intestinal a ... | 1978 | 210327 |
| virus infection in demyelinating diseases. | several animal and human demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system (cns) are associated with rna or dna viruses. these viruses infect cns cells lytically or persistently. they mainly belong to the group of envelope viruses which derive their envelope partly from the host cell membrane. the process of virus release may result in the appearance of new antigens of virus-infected cells or the incorporation of cell membrane material into the viral envelope. these changes may lead to an imm ... | 1978 | 211825 |
| early and late cns-effects of corona virus infection in rats. | the mouse hepatitis virus strain jhm was injected intracerebrally into newborn and weanling rats. three types of diseases were observed: 1. acute panencephalitis: almost all suckling rats became moribund within 6 days. histologically severe panencephalitis with demyelinating foci was noticed; the foci were similar to those found in mice. virus was easily detectable in the oligodendroglial cells and neurons both by immunofluorescence and electron microscopy. infectious virus could be isolated. 2. ... | 1978 | 211826 |
| in vitro growth characteristics and heterogeneity of mouse hepatitis virus type 3. | the in vitro virus yield of mhv3 reached 10(7) pfu/ml in mouse dbt cells infected with a virus suspension in hepes-buffered medium containing deae-dextran. the virus titer was 10(6) pfu/ml in the presence of 10 micrograms actinomycin d/ml mhv3 growth in dbt cells gave three peaks of density (1.10--1.14 g/cm3, 1.18--1.20 g/cm3, and 1.25--1.31 g/cm3) in sucrose gradients. all these peaks retained infectivity. | 1978 | 211989 |
| peroxidase-labeled antibody technique for rapid detection of mouse hepatitis virus in cases of natural outbreaks. | a recent outbreak of hepatitis in mice at the laboratory animals centre (surrey, england) is described. the only strains of mice that showed clinical symptoms and typical liver lesions were the nude (nu/nu) and obese mice. although other inbred strains showed no clinical symptoms, all strains seroconverted. neutralization typing of the mouse hepatitis virus showed it to be type 1, a hepatotropic strain of low virulence, a finding that was consistent with the pathology of the disease. because of ... | 1978 | 212490 |
| effect of diethylaminoethyl-dextran on plaque formation of mouse hepatitis virus. | | 1978 | 213629 |
| purification and buoyant density of a mouse hepatitis virus, mhv-s. | | 1978 | 213631 |
| hepatosplenic myelosis in naturally occurring mouse hepatitis virus infection in the nude mouse. | | 1978 | 214604 |
| [effects of silver carbon on eliminating mouse hepatitis virus in water (author's transl)]. | | 1978 | 215805 |
| modification of immune response in nude mice infected with mouse hepatitis virus. | in nude mice experimentally infected with mouse hepatitis virus (mhv), the numbers of early and later plaque forming cells (pfc) to sheep red blood cells (srbc) generated in the spleen were 7 to 20 times and 2 to 163 times, respectively, greater than those in non-infected nude mice, when srbc were given at day 0 to day 21 postinfection. splenic theta-positive lymphocytes in infected nude mice were shown to increase only at day 10 or more postinfection. pfc response to bacterial lipopolysaccharid ... | 1978 | 215883 |
| seroepidemiologic study of human coronavirus oc43 infections in italy. | human coronavirus oc43 from suckling mouse brain (smb) suspension has been adapted to grow in human embryonic lung fibroblast cell cultures. complement-fixing and hemagglutinating antigens were prepared from infected cell cultures and used in parallel with the same antigens from smb for a study of the prevalence of oc43 antibody in northern italy as well as for the serodiagnosis of recent oc43 infections and reinfections. results show (i) a higher sensitivity of the hemagglutination-inhibition a ... | 1978 | 216378 |
| comparison of the morphology of three coronaviruses. | the morphology of three coronaviruses, avian infectious bronchitis virus strain connecticut (ibv conn), human coronavirus strain 229e (hcv 229e) and mouse hepatitis virus strain 3 (mhv3), were examined by negative staining. significant differences were found in the sizes of the three coronaviruses. furthermore, three types of surface projection of the same lengths, but varying widths and morphology, were observed. both ibv conn and hcv 229e had bulbous projections characteristic of coronaviruses ... | 1979 | 218534 |
| [modification of the response of nude mice to mouse hepatitis virus by transfer of heterozygote splenic cells]. | the course of infection with low-virulence mouse hepatitis virus in nude mice was modified by transfer of sensitized or non-sensitized heterozygous spleen cells after the infection had been established. infected nude mice having received the transfer of heterozygous spleen cells seem to have more severe signs of illness at early stage of infection than those without the heterozygous cell transfer, while they resisted against the infection. | 1978 | 218703 |
| examination of latent infection in germfree mice for some murine viruses. | sera from some groups of germfree mice were examined for reactivity against sendai, reo 3, theiler's gd vii, ectromelia, and mouse hepatitis virus antigens. of 51 sera collected in september and october 1976 and in august and september 1977 from one germfree mouse breeding colony, there was no positive reaction against all the antigens tested. moreover, the attempt of virus isolation from homogenates of various organs including lungs, liver, kidneys, and intestines of 6 germfree mice was unsucce ... | 1979 | 218829 |
| induction of lytic plaques by murine leukemia virus in murine sarcoma virus-transformed nonproducer mouse cells persistently infected with mouse hepatitis virus mhv-s. | kirsten murine sarcoma virus-transformed, nonproducer balb3t3 (k-balb) cells were persistently infected with mouse hepatitis virus, mhv-s. the cultures developed plaques after infection with murine leukemia viruses. if the murine leukemia virus-infected cultures were further submitted to the uv-xc assay, comparable numbers of xc plaques were obtained. the sensitivity to murine leukemia viruses, as determined by the uv-xc assay, was higher in mhv-s-infected cells as compared to uninfected k-balb ... | 1979 | 218897 |
| vertical transmission of mouse hepatitis virus infection in mice. | transplacental infection with mouse hepatitis virus, jhm strain was studied by intravenous inoculation of pregnant dams. inoculation on day 9 or 12 of gestation brought about the death of more than 50% of the fetuses at 4 days postinfection while inoculation on day 6 or 15 of gestation effected the death of 12% of fetuses or neonates. inoculation of day 12 of gestation resulted in markedly higher virus titers. at 72 h postinfection in the placentas, fetal membranes and fetuses than in the matern ... | 1978 | 220440 |
| effect of mouse hepatitis virus infection on iron retention in the mouse liver. | increased iron uptake and iron-induced ferritin synthesis has been demonstrated in experimentally virus-infected cell cultures. however, this has not been observed in the intact animal. the results reported in this paper indicate that higher deposition of injected radioiron occurs in the livers of mice infected with mhv-3 virus compared with livers from uninfected animals. administration of iron at different time intervals indicated that iron uptake correlates well with the degree of tissue inju ... | 1979 | 221001 |
| asymptomatic infection of mouse hepatitis virus in the rat. brief report. | after intranasal inoculation of suckling rats mouse hepatitis virus multiplied mostly in the nasal epithelium; though there were no symptoms, antibodies were produced. antibodies were also demonstrated in adult rats. these findings suggest that the rat may be a natural host for the virus. | 1979 | 222242 |
| new strain of mouse hepatitis virus as the cause of lethal enteritis in infant mice. | a new strain of mouse hepatitis virus (mhv) was isolated from pooled gut suspensions from an epizootic of lethal enteritis in newborn mice. negative-contrast electron microscopy showed an abundance of coronavirus particles in the intestinal contents and intestinal epithelium of moribund mice. we found no other virus in the epizootic. dams seroconverted to mhv polyvalent antigen and to the agent isolated, but did not develop antibodies to other known mouse pathogens. virus propagated in nctc-1469 ... | 1979 | 222687 |
| poliovirus-induced suppression of lymphocyte stimulation: a macrophage-mediated effect. | poliovirus was shown to suppress the in vitro response of human mononuclear blood cells stimulated with phytohaemagglutinin (pha), pokeweed mitogen (pwm), tuberculin purified protein derivative (ppd) or allogeneic cells. the suppression required infectious virus and the presence of macrophages. experiments with combined cultures of human lymphocytes stimulated with pha, pwm, ppd or allogeneic cells, and different numbers of autologous macrophages indicated that both lymphocyte stimulation and th ... | 1979 | 223973 |
| pathology of diarrhea due to mouse hepatitis virus in the infant mouse. | two-day-old mice were inoculated orally with a mouse hepatitis virus which had been isolated from a suckling mouse with fatal diarrhea, and a systemic infection was shown to be established, though enterotropism of the isolate was evident. significant viral growth and syncytium forming lesions were first detectable in the intestines at day 2 postinoculation, followed by the development of focal necrotic hepatitis. the virus titer in both liver and intestine attained maximum levels at days 4 to 5. ... | 1979 | 224229 |
| pathogenesis of mouse hepatitis virus infection. the role of nasal epithelial cells as a primary target of low-virulence virus, mhv-s. | | 1979 | 224286 |
| comparison of polypeptides of two strains of murine hepatitis virus. | | 1979 | 224595 |
| [seromonitoring of laboratory mouse and rat colonies for common murine pathogens (author's transl)]. | during a period from 1973 to 1978, 392 and 225 lots including 12,232 mouse and 8,044 rat individual sera, respectively, were examined for antibodies to murine hepatitis virus, sendai virus, bordetella bronchiseptica, mycoplasma pulmonis, tyzzer agents, salmonella typhimurium and corynebacterium kutscheri. of mouse lots 94.5% and 39.3% from breeder and user colonies, respectively, were negative for all antibodies examined as well as 31.6% and 17.2% of rat breeder and user colonies, respectively. ... | 1979 | 225183 |
| igm and igg response to sheep red blood cells in mouse hepatitis virus-infected nude mice. | in nude mice which originally had no ability to respond to sheep red blood cells, an enhanced response to the same antigen with igm-igg switching was demonstrated during subacute infection with mouse hepatitis virus. igm antibody-producing cells in the spleen were detected at days 2 to 6 after the antigen injection and igg antibody-producing cells appeared at day 6 or later. the secondary igg response, though not remarkable, was recognized after reinjection of the antigen 10 days after the first ... | 1979 | 225644 |
| characterization of the cold-sensitive murine hepatitis virus mutants rescued from latently infected cells by cell fusion. | | 1979 | 228481 |
| a scanning electron microscopic study on hepatic changes induced by mouse hepatitis virus-2. | no significant changes in the structure of the liver were seen until 9 hr after the inoculation of mouse hepatitis virus-2 (mhv-2) into mice. at the 24 hr stage, distinct swelling of hepatocytes and narrowing of sinusoidal lumina were observed from the middle to the central area of the hepatic lobules. most of the kupffer cells were swollen. their villous projections were decreased in number, and the remaining projections became like blebs. virus particles appeared from this stage in the hepatoc ... | 1979 | 230614 |
| enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of antibodies to murine hepatitis virus. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was developed for the detection of antibodies to murine hepatitis virus. a high prevalence of antibody to murine hepatitis virus was found by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in colonies with a low prevalence of complement-fixing antibodies. murine hepatitis virus strain a59 was found to be broadly reactive as an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay antigen. | 1979 | 231052 |
| t lymphocyte-dependent difference in susceptibility between ddd and c3h mice to mouse hepatitis virus, mhv-3. | after intraperitoneal inculation with a virulent mouse hepatitis virus, mhv-3, 50% lethal dose in ddd mice was about 7 log10 higher than that in c3h mice. histopathologically, splenic lymphocytes especially of the thymus-dependent area were more severely affected in susceptible c3h mice than in ddd mice. in the liver of c3h mice, virus multiplied exponentially after inoculation, attaining 10(6) pfu at moribund stage, while virus multiplication in ddd mice was much less prominent decreasing remar ... | 1979 | 232196 |
| pulmonary vascular lesions in nude mice persistently infected with mouse hepatitis virus. | | 1979 | 232197 |
| immunopathology of mouse hepatitis virus type 3mii. effect of immunosuppression in resistant mice. | normal adult a strain mice are resistant to mhv-3 infection. a strain mice immunosuppressed by 600 rads of x-irradiation or by anti-lymphocyte serum treatment became susceptible to the virus and died with specific lesions of the liver and high virus titers. however, mice immunized with mhv-3 before sublethal x-iraddiation resisted a second injection of virus. resistant adult (a times c3h) f-1 hybrids undergoing graft-vs-host (gvh) reaction became highly susceptible to mhv-3 injected 8 days after ... | 1975 | 234497 |
| hormonal factors concerned with liver regeneration. | hepatic regeneration in partially hepatectomized, eviscerated rats, and survival in mice infected with lethal doses of murine hepatitis virus, are both strikingly promoted by combined administration of insulin and glucagon. these two hormones, although potent promotors, fail as initiators of hepatocyte proliferation in animals with intact liver, which suggests a requirement for additional factors, probably derived from non-portal-splanchnic organs. we now find that continous intraperitoneal infu ... | 1977 | 306914 |
| genetic study of mouse sensitivity to mhv3 infection: influence of the h-2 complex. | genetic study of acute and chronic mouse hepatitis virus type 3 disease was carried out in segregating generations of a cross involving a susceptible (c57bl/6) and a resistant (a/j) mouse strain. the data obtained indicate that one or two recessive genes may be involved in resistance of acute and chronic diseases but suggest that the genes involved in both diseases are different. in this cross, no correlation was observed between h-2 and acute or chronic disease. in mice of congenic lines, howev ... | 1979 | 448093 |
| [serological examinations on natural infections with mouse pathogens in inbred mouse strains: difference in antibody detection among the strains (author's transl)]. | serological surveys on several infections were performed on the inbred mouse strains maintained at the central institute for experimental animals. in the first survey, 11 strains of mouse, which were 8 weeks of age or older and were kept in separate cages in the same animal room, were tested for antibodies to salmonella enteritidis, corynebacterium kutscheri, tyzzer's organisms, mycoplasma pulmonis, mouse hepatitis virus (mhv), sendai virus (hvj), pneumonia virus of mice (pvm) and minute virus o ... | 1978 | 631200 |
| role of interferon in the pathogenesis of viral diseases of mice as demonstrated by the use of anti-interferon serum. v. protective role in mouse hepatitis virus type 3 infection of susceptible and resistant strains of mice. | potent sheep anti-mouse interferon globulin has been used to determine the role of virus-induced interferon in mouse hepatitis virus type 3-infected susceptible (c57bl/6), semiresistant (c3h/he), and resistant (a/j) strains of mice. injection of anti-interferon globulin accelerated the onset of death in c57bl/6 mice, induced almost 100% mortality in c3h/he mice that usually do not die of acute disease, and caused death in 4- and 6-week-old a/j mice, but not in older mice. we conclude that interf ... | 1978 | 659866 |
| mouse hepatitis virus (mhv) infection in thymectomized c3h mice. | | 1978 | 714932 |
| hepatic jaundice in a colony of nude mice. | a colony of nude mice was maintained under controlled standards of care for 12 months, at which time a rapidly escalating liver disease developed in the animals, characterized by jaundice, emaciation, and rapid death. histologically, the livers had swollen, vacuolated hepatic cells and increased numbers of enlarged kupffer cells. mouse hepatitis virus was not isolated from the livers of sick mice. although the nature of the lesions suggested toxicity, efforts to reproduce the lesions by increase ... | 1978 | 750731 |
| lactobacillus sp. isolates from mouse livers: saprophyte or potential pathogen? | over a 3-year sampling period lactobacillus sp. has been isolated from the livers of barrier-maintained and conventional mice. serology has failed to detect presence of mouse hepatitis virus antibodies in any of these mice. histopathological examination revealed only mild fatty change and small monocytic infiltrates. | 1975 | 806745 |
| blocking of in vitro and in vivo susceptibility to mouse hepatitis virus. | by pretreatment with concanavalin a (con a) both in vivo and in vitro genetically susceptible mice and their cultured macrophages have been converted to animals and cells which are phenotypically resistant to mouse hepatitus virus (mhv). con a at 1.0 mg/mouse decreased the mortality from 100% to less than 40% by inducing a prominent inflammatory response, increasing the number of macrophages in the virus inoculation site, and producing a population of macrophages not uniformly susceptible to the ... | 1977 | 925609 |
| the receptor for mouse hepatitis virus in the resistant mouse strain sjl is functional: implications for the requirement of a second factor for viral infection. | the sjl mouse strain is resistant to infection by some strains of the murine coronavirus mouse hepatitis virus (mhv), such as jhm and a59. the block to virus infection has been variously attributed to defects in virus receptors or virus spread. since the cellular receptors for mhv, mmcgm1 and mmcgm2, have recently been identified as members of the carcinoembryonic antigen family, we reexamined the possible defectiveness of the mhv receptors in sjl mouse strain. cloning and sequencing of the cdna ... | 1992 | 1279194 |
| coronavirus species specificity: murine coronavirus binds to a mouse-specific epitope on its carcinoembryonic antigen-related receptor glycoprotein. | like most coronaviruses, the coronavirus mouse hepatitis virus (mhv) exhibits strong species specificity, causing natural infection only in mice. mhv-a59 virions use as a receptor a 110- to 120-kda glycoprotein (mhvr) in the carcinoembryonic antigen (cea) family of glycoproteins (g. s. dveksler, m. n. pensiero, c. b. cardellichio, r. k. williams, g. s. jiang, k. v. holmes, and c. w. dieffenbach, j. virol. 65:6881-6891, 1991; and r. k. williams, g. s. jiang, and k. v. holmes, proc. natl. acad. sc ... | 1992 | 1279203 |
| mhv s peplomer protein expressed by a recombinant vaccinia virus vector exhibits igg fc-receptor activity. | we have previously shown that cells infected with mouse hepatitis virus (mhv) bind rabbit, mouse, and rat igg by the fc portion of the igg molecule. this fc-binding activity appeared to be mediated by the mhv s protein. s protein could also be precipitated from mhv-infected cells by a monoclonal antibody directed against the murine fc gamma receptor (fc gamma r). to prove definitively that the s protein mediates fc-binding activity, we have expressed the mhv s protein utilizing recombinant vacci ... | 1992 | 1309271 |
| maternally-derived passive immunity to enterotropic mouse hepatitis virus. | maternally-derived antibody to enterotropic mouse hepatitis virus (mhv) strain y was transferred to pups by both intrauterine (igg) and lactogenic (iga and igg) routes. antibody present in the gastric whey of pups suckling immune dams dropped to undetectable levels by weaning age (21 days post partum). mhv-specific igg was found in the serum of passively immune pups up to 10 weeks of age. immune dams transferred equal levels of antibody to 3 consecutive litters of pups, without evidence of decli ... | 1992 | 1309638 |
| viremic dissemination of mouse hepatitis virus-jhm following intranasal inoculation of mice. | using a sensitive infant mouse bioassay to detect infectious virus, the pattern of mouse hepatitis virus (mhv) jhm dissemination in blood and other tissues was examined during the first 5 days following intranasal inoculation. mhv replicated in nasal turbinates of both susceptible balb and resistant sjl mice from days 1 through 5, but balb mice had higher titers on days 1 and 2. viremia was detectable on days 1 through 5 in balb mice, but only on days 3 and 5 in sjl mice. transient virus replica ... | 1992 | 1309644 |
| redistribution and reduction of interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein during ocular coronavirus infection. | inoculation of the neurotropic coronavirus mouse hepatitis virus strain jhm intravitreally or into the anterior chamber causes acute infection of the retinal pigment epithelium (rpe) and neural retina. weeks later, many retinas have foci of moderate to severe atrophy. the effect of coronavirus infection (after intravitreal inoculation) was examined on interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (irbp), the glycolipoprotein in the interphotoreceptor matrix (ipm) thought to transport retinoids bet ... | 1992 | 1309730 |
| the v5a13.1 envelope glycoprotein deletion mutant of mouse hepatitis virus type-4 is neuroattenuated by its reduced rate of spread in the central nervous system. | following intracerebral inoculation of adult balb/c byj mice, the mhv-4 strain of mouse hepatitis virus (mhv) had an ld50 of less than 0.1 pfu, whereas its monoclonal antibody resistant variant v5a13.1 had an ld50 of 10(4.2) pfu. to determine the basis for this difference in neurovirulence we have studied the acute central nervous system (cns) infection of these two viruses by in situ hybridization. both viruses infected the same, specific neuroanatomical areas, predominantly neurons, and spread ... | 1992 | 1310555 |
| repair and mutagenesis of the genome of a deletion mutant of the coronavirus mouse hepatitis virus by targeted rna recombination. | the genetic characterization of a nucleocapsid (n) protein mutant of the coronavirus mouse hepatitis virus (mhv) is described. the mutant, albany 4 (alb4), is both temperature sensitive and thermolabile. analysis of the progeny of a mixed infection showed that the defective alb4 allele is recessive to wild type, and its gene product is diffusible. the n protein of alb4 was found to be smaller than its wild-type counterpart, and sequence analysis of the alb4 n gene revealed that it contains an in ... | 1992 | 1312608 |
| monoclonal antibody solution hybridization assay for detection of mouse hepatitis virus infection. | a monoclonal antibody solution hybridization (mash) assay was developed to detect fecal excretion of mouse hepatitis virus (mhv). the assay used a biotinylated cdna probe to detect viral rna target sequences by hybridization in solution, capture of hybrids on the solid phase with antibiotin antibody, and immunoassay with an enzyme-labelled monoclonal antibody specific for dna-rna hybrids. the mash assay was used to monitor the time course of enterotropic mhv excretion after oronasal inoculation. ... | 1992 | 1313046 |
| coronavirus infects and causes demyelination in primate central nervous system. | two species of primates, owl and african green monkeys, were inoculated intracerebrally with either the neurotropic mouse hepatitis virus jhm or the putative multiple sclerosis brain coronavirus isolate sd. these viruses caused an acute to subacute panencephalitis and/or demyelination in the infected animals. the course of pathogenesis and sites of detected viral rna and antigen was dependent both on animal species and virus strain but the results clearly showed that these viruses replicated and ... | 1992 | 1314455 |
| identification and characterization of a coronavirus packaging signal. | previously, a mouse hepatitis virus (mhv) genomic sequence necessary for defective interfering (di) rna packaging into mhv particles (packaging signal) was mapped to within a region of 1,480 nucleotides in the mhv polymerase gene by comparison of two di rnas. one of these, dissf, is 3.6 kb in size and exhibits efficient packaging, whereas the other, disse, which is 2.3 kb, does not. for more precise mapping, a series of mutant dissf rnas with deletions within this 1,480-nucleotide region were co ... | 1992 | 1316465 |
| cerebrospinal fluid antibodies to coronavirus in patients with parkinson's disease. | the etiology of parkinson's disease remains unknown, and a search for environmental agents continues. in 1985, fishman induced infection of the basal ganglia by a coronavirus in mice. although coronavirus is recognized primarily as a respiratory pathogen in humans, its affinity for the basal ganglia led us to investigate its possible role in human parkinson's disease. the cerebrospinal fluid of normal controls (ctl) (n = 18), and patients with parkinson's disease (pd (n = 20) and other neurologi ... | 1992 | 1316552 |
| molecular cloning and expression of a spike protein of neurovirulent murine coronavirus jhmv variant cl-2. | a cdna encoding the spike (s) protein of the neurovirulent murine coronavirus jhmv variant cl-2 was isolated and sequenced. analysis of the cdna revealed that the s protein consists of 1376 amino acids, as does the s protein of mouse hepatitis virus 4. we inserted the cdna into the genome of vaccinia virus to obtain a recombinant vaccinia virus (rvv). the s protein expressed in rk13 cells infected by the rvv was shown to be electrophoretically and immunologically indistinguishable from the s pro ... | 1992 | 1316938 |
| modification of the amount of cholesterol in hepatic steatosis induced in susceptible and resistant mice infected with mhv3: a biochemical and ultrastructural study. | a mouse hepatitis virus-3 strain subcultured in our laboratory is a unique experimental model in which to study virus-induced liver steatosis. this strain produces massive lipid deposition not only in sensitive adult balb/c mice but also (though less extensive) in virus-resistant adult a/j mice. biochemical determinations have shown that this steatosis is characterized by an increased amount of neutral lipids (sterols and triglycerides) in infected livers of balb/c mice and by a smaller increase ... | 1992 | 1317339 |
| binding of the coronavirus mouse hepatitis virus a59 to its receptor expressed from a recombinant vaccinia virus depends on posttranslational processing of the receptor glycoprotein. | recently, we showed that a murine member of the carcinoembryonic antigen family of glycoproteins serves as a cellular receptor (mhvr) for the coronavirus mouse hepatitis virus a59 (mhv-a59) (g. s. dveksler, m. n. pensiero, c. b. cardellichio, r. k. williams, g.-s. jiang, k. v. holmes, and c. w. dieffenbach, j. virol. 65:6881-6891, 1991; r. k. williams, g.-s. jiang, and k. v. holmes, proc. natl. acad. sci. usa 88:5533-5536, 1991). to examine the role of posttranscriptional modification of mhvr on ... | 1992 | 1318394 |
| sequential infection of glial cells by the murine hepatitis virus jhm strain (mhv-4) leads to a characteristic distribution of demyelination. | an antigenic variant of the neurotropic murine coronavirus jhmv, designated 2.2-v-1, causes marked demyelination in the relative absence of encephalitis. it is thus useful for the study of the pathogenesis of demyelinating lesions. to better understand the sequential events leading to demyelination, we have examined murine brain and spinal cord tissue at daily intervals after intracerebral inoculation, evaluating them for the distribution of viral antigen, leukocyte infiltration, and demyelinati ... | 1992 | 1318460 |
| evidence for variable rates of recombination in the mhv genome. | mouse hepatitis virus has been shown to undergo rna recombination at high frequency during mixed infection. temperature-sensitive mutants were isolated using 5-fluorouracil and 5-azacytidine as mutagen. six rna+ mutants that reside within a single complementation group mapping within the s glycoprotein gene of mhv-a59 were isolated which did not cause syncytium at the restrictive temperature. using standard genetic techniques, a recombination map was established that indicated that these mutants ... | 1992 | 1318616 |
| localization of an rna-binding domain in the nucleocapsid protein of the coronavirus mouse hepatitis virus. | the interaction between the nucleocapsid (n) protein of mouse hepatitis virus (mhv) and rna was studied in an effort to define portions of the n molecule that participate in binding to rna. n mrnas transcribed from sp6 and t7 vectors were translated in a rabbit reticulocyte lysate. analysis of synthesized n protein in a nondenaturing gel system showed that it bound in vitro to an endogenous rna in the reticulocyte lysate but not to its own mrna. a set of deletion mutants was constructed in order ... | 1992 | 1322650 |
| responses of mice to murine coronavirus immunization. | oral and/or intranasal inoculation of susceptible mouse genotypes with the jhm strain of mouse hepatitis virus (mhv-jhm) consistently results in t cell dysfunction as reflected by in vitro proliferative responses to mitogens or allogeneic cells. one approach to examining the mechanism responsible for the observed functional t cell suppression is to determine whether virus replication is required for its induction. to this end, mice were inoculated oronasally with mhv-jhm that was inactivated wit ... | 1992 | 1322658 |
| inhibition of mouse hepatitis virus multiplication by an oligonucleotide complementary to the leader rna. | an oligonucleotide complementary to a leader rna of positive-stranded mouse hepatitis virus (mhv) was tested for the effect on the viral multiplication in mouse dbt cells. a 14-mer antisense oligonucleotide contained a sequence complementary to the conserved pentanucleotide sequence, ucuaa, of the leader rna. a treatment of mhv-infected cells with the antisense oligonucleotide at concentrations from 5 to 25 microm had an inhibitory effect on the viral multiplication and reduced the synthesis of ... | 1992 | 1322713 |
| microheterogeneity of s-glycoprotein of mouse hepatitis virus temperature-sensitive mutants. | mouse hepatitis virus (mhv) strain jhm (mhv-jhm) is a neurotropic coronavirus that causes acute fatal encephalomyelitis in 75-99% of infected mice. the surviving animals may subsequently develop demyelinating disease. we compared the s peplomer protein of the wild type (wt) and five temperature-sensitive (ts) mutants of mhv-jhm. in contrast with the wt, none of these five cause fatal disease (mortality less than 10%). three of these ts mutants did not induce any demyelinating disease, a fourth c ... | 1992 | 1322926 |
| passively acquired challenge immunity to enterotropic coronavirus in mice. | maternally-derived passive immunity of infant mice to challenge infection with enterotropic coronavirus mouse hepatitis virus strain y (mhv-y) was studied. pups born to both naive and immune dams, but nursed by naive foster dams, were susceptible to infection, while naive or immune pups nursed by immune foster dams were protected. the mhv infectious dose was identical among naive pups inoculated at 1, 2, 3, or 4 weeks of age. pups nursing immune dams resisted infection when inoculated at 1, 2, o ... | 1992 | 1326267 |
| the fitness of defective interfering murine coronavirus di-a and its derivatives is decreased by nonsense and frameshift mutations. | the genome of the defective interfering (di) mouse hepatitis virus di-a carries a large open reading frame (orf) consisting of orf1a, orf1b, and nucleocapsid sequences. to test whether this fusion orf is important for di virus replication, we constructed derivatives of the di-a genome in which the reading frame was truncated by a nonsense codon or a frameshift mutation. in vitro-transcribed di rnas were transfected into mouse hepatitis virus-infected cells followed by undiluted passage of the re ... | 1992 | 1326650 |