| failure of rubella virus to replicate in mosquitos. | rubella virus failed to replicate in mosquitoes (aedes albopictus and culex fatigans) following parenteral inoculation. the virus demonstrated in mosquitoes tested immediately after inoculation but was not detected in insects sampled 7, 14 and 21 days postinoculation. this experiment provides further evidence that rubella is not an arbovirus, but does not invalidate its classification as a togavirus. | 1975 | 345 |
| studies on optimising rubella virus haemagglutination-inhibitor tests. | immuno-electrophoretic and serological studies were undertaken to characterise the non-specific serum inhibitor of rubella haemagglutination. the majority of such inhibitor effects come from the beta(1)-lipoproteins. in addition, small inhibitory effects which were due to alpha(1)-lipoproteins were noted in some sera. the result of the tests is influenced less by removing the inhibitor than by conditions of incubation of the serum-antigen mixture, especially ph. the test is more sensitive if it ... | 1976 | 8301 |
| characterization of attenuated and freshly isolated rubella virus strains by t50 and t56 markers. | | 1976 | 11677 |
| present status of measles and rubella immunization in the united states: a medical progress report. | | 1977 | 12253 |
| possible role of measles, rubella and mumps viruses in multiple sclerosis. | | 1977 | 17282 |
| variables of the rubella hemagglutination tests employing freeze-dried erythrocytes. | the variables which affect the interaction between freeze-dried one-day-old chick erythrocytes and rubella hemagglutinin prepared from rubella-infected porcine kidney cells were defined and evaluated. the sensitivity of the hemagglutination (ha) reaction is much greater at ph 6.0 to 6.2 than at ph 7.0 to 7.5 hepes (n-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-n'-2'-ethanesulfonic acid) diluent with added ca+ or mg2+ ion gave four- to eightfold higher ha titers than one without divalent cations. the development of ... | 1977 | 19008 |
| preparation of rubella virus haemagglutinating antigen by polyethlene glycol precipitation. | polyethylene glycol (peg) was used for precipitation of rubella virus haemagglutinating (ha) antigen from the fluid phase of infected vero cell cultures, maintained with or without calf serum. in both cases potent antigen preparation were obtained. when the antigen was precipitated from serum-containing medium, higher titres were obtained, provided that substrate or final product were treated with tween 80 and ether. ha antigen obtained by pet precipitation was entirely valuable in the haemagglu ... | 1978 | 25011 |
| abnormalities of the vas deferens and epididymis in cryptorchid boys with congenital rubella. | cryptorchidism was present in 12% of 316 boys with congenital rubella (cr) followed by the roosevelt hospital rubella project. eight of these patients, age 4 through 16 yr, had a recent orchiopexy, 4 on the left, 2 on the right, and 2 bilaterally. the vasoepididymal system was absent or apparently obstructed in 60% of the 10 sides. the epididymis was abnormal in 6 instances and the vas deferens in 5. sixty-one boys of the entire series had an intravenous pyelogram (ivp) that was significantly ab ... | 1979 | 45116 |
| the use of igm antibody responses in the diagnosis of primary infections to measles, rubella, mumps, and m. parainfluenzae viruses. | one-hundred and twenty-seven sera were tested to determine whether a primary infection could be identified by a determination of the class of antibody (igm) detected in serum collected in the period after a viral infection. serum was collected from patients with a history of measles (18 cases), rubella (24 cases), mumps (12 cases), and m. parainfluenzae type 3 infections (9 cases). the results of the serological assays are compared with clinical observations and the limitations of the methods un ... | 1978 | 45605 |
| chronic progressive panencephalitis due to rubella virus simulating subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. | late-onset chronic progressive panencephalitis developed in a 12-year-old boy with congenital rubella syndrome from whose brain rubella virus was isolated. progressive dementia began at eight, and ataxia, choreiform movements, myoclonic seizures, and fine perimacular pigmentation appeared at 11 years of age. the cerebrospinal fluid was minimally pleocytotic and had a total protein of 156 mg per deciliter, of which 52 per cent was gamma globulin. electroencephalography demonstrated generalized me ... | 1975 | 47149 |
| rubella-specific serum and nasopharygeal immunoglobulin responses following naturally acquired and vaccine-induced infection. prolonged persistence of virus-specific igm. | rubella-specific immunoglobulin responses in sera and nasopharyngeal secretions were compared in groups of adult females who had experienced naturally acquired rubella or infection induced by cendehill, hpv77.de-5, ra27/3 (subcutaneously and intranasally), and to-336 vaccines. serum igg and iga and nasopharyngeal iga responses after vaccination by ra27/3 intranasally most closely resembled those induced by naturally acquired infection. however, the other vaccines failed to induce a persistent lo ... | 1975 | 47417 |
| persistence of specific igm after natural infection with rubella virus. | levels of specific igm antibody in thirteen cases of rubella were determined at intervals during the year after the illness. persistence of igm varied; in one patient it was no longer detectable at 23 days, but in two it was still detectable more than 10 months after the acute infection. thus the mere finding of rubella-specific igmin the blood does not indicate the timing of the acute episode any more accurately than some time within the previous 10-12 months. | 1975 | 47418 |
| immunologic and virologic aspects of secretory immune system in human respiratory tract. | many external mucosal surfaces in man are replete with immunoglobulin containing plasma cells and thymic dependent (t) lymphocytes. immunization with viral vaccines administered via different routes have indicated that viral specific secretory immunoglobulins particularly of gamma a class are synthesized locally in the external mucosal surfaces. local availability of viral antigens especially after local mucosal immunization appears to be the most effective means of inducing viral specific secre ... | 1975 | 47823 |
| rubella-virus infection in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. | antibody activity against mumps, measles, polio, and rubella viruses was determined in patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (j.r.a.), rubella-vaccine associated arthritis, adult rheumatoid arthritis, other chronic systemic disorders (e.g., systemic lupus and dermatomyositis), and in a matched population of normal, non-rheumatoid (control) children. the antibody levels against mumps, measles, and poliovirus were similar in all patients. rubella-antibody levels in rheumatoid arthritis and o ... | 1975 | 48775 |
| effect of a vaccination programme on the distribution of rubella antibodies in women of childbearing age. | results of routine rubella hemagglutination-inhibiting antibody tests on 39,005 serum samples showed that 9-5% of women of childbearing age in the leeds region were seronegative, and a further 9-2% had low antibody titres of 1/8 or 1/16. since routine rubella vaccination of schoolgirls began in 1970 the frequency of seronegative women in the fifteen to nineteen year age group has fallen by 5-7%. clinical rubella was confirmed serologically in 140 women, 58 of whom were pregnant. 30 of these p ... | 1975 | 49484 |
| letter: chronic rashes in congenital rubella: isolation of virus from skin. | | 1975 | 49554 |
| letter: viral antibodies in thyrotoxicosis. | | 1975 | 49711 |
| identification of the cell population involved in viral-specific cell-mediated cytotoxicity in man: evidence for t cell specificity. | the nature of the cell population involved in lymphocyte mediated cytotoxicity to baby-hamster-kidney (bhk-21) target cells persistently infected with rubella virus was investigated by a 51cr-release microassay. after depletion of the t cell population with an antiserum to human0thymus-lymphoid tissue antigen (htla), the purified b cell population showed a decrease in e-rosette formation (9.0 +/- 2.2% compared to 69.6 +/- 9.1% before treatment) and an insignificant degree of cytotoxic activity a ... | 1975 | 50349 |
| [vaccination against viral diseases]. | | 1976 | 56296 |
| evidence for hybrid formation between rubella virus and a latent virus of bhk21/wi-2 cells. | | 1976 | 56807 |
| igm rubella-antibody testing after passive transmission of antibodies. | | 1976 | 62940 |
| impairment of immunity during pregnancy and antiviral effect of amniotic fluid. | in 297 pregnant women serum-levels of antibody to rubella virus were determined by haemagglutination inhibition, and serum-levels of antibodies to herpes-simplex virus and toxoplasma gondii were measured by indirect immunofluorescence tests. sera of age-matched non-pregnant women with intrauterine devices were also tested for the antibodies. a lower level of humoral immunity was found in the pregnant women than in the controls, and this fell further as pregnancy progressed. investigation of seru ... | 1977 | 64858 |
| intrathecal rubella-antibody synthesis in multiple sclerosis. | | 1976 | 73657 |
| the application of different cell lines and virus strains for detection of immunofluorescence rubella antibodies. | fluorescence antibodies (fa) were titrated in human sera against antigens synthesized in four different infected cell lines: sirc, rk-13, vero and bhk-21. the cells infected in suspension by rubella virus attained the optimal concentration of fluorescence staining antigen earlier, fluorescence was more intensive and the titers of the tested human sera were slightly higher than in monolayer cell cultures. fa titers were high and they were correlated with the antibody titers obtained by hemaggluti ... | 1977 | 75674 |
| isolation and characterization of a new rubella variang with dna polymerase activity. | a rubella variant (hpv-rv) was isolated from high passage rubella virus preparations propagated at 37 degrees c in baby hamster kidney bhk21/wi-2 cells. hpv-rv formed clear plaques in hela cells and primary cells of the rhesus monkey kidney although wild type rubella virus did not produce plaques in these cells. cells persistently infected with rubella virus were insensitive to infection by hpv-rv at both 34 degrees and 39.5 degrees c. hpv-rv agglutinated one day old chick, human group o and she ... | 1978 | 75725 |
| study of the relationship between rubella virus and encephalitogenic factor in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. | the authors research in the sera of 30 rabbits affected by e.a.e. the connection between encephalitogenic factor and rubella virus. they dose the antibodies against rubella virus and encephalitogenic factor before the challenge by bp, after 15 days and after 30 days. while in the first control no response either to the virus or to bp was evidenced, in the two following controls, the sera of the rabbits recognized immunologically both rubella virus and the myelinic components. | 1978 | 75735 |
| igm-class rheumatoid factor interference in the solid-phase radioimmunoassay of rubella-specific igm antibodies. | the interference of igm-class rheumatoid factor (rf) in the solid-phase radioimmunoassay (ria) of rubella virus igm antibodies was studied. acute rubella infections did not significantly activate rf. false-positive rubella antibody results were obtained, however, when patients with raised rf levels were tested. if a low rubella igg antibody titre was present, a high level of rf was required to cause a false-positive igm result; conversely, in sera with high igg titres, only a low level of rf was ... | 1978 | 77280 |
| comparison of immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase staining for identification of rubella virus isolates. | to explore possible advantages which immunoperoxidase (ip) staining might have over immunofluorescence (if) staining for identifying rubella virus isolates, direct comparative studies were done on the same coded clinical materials using the same rubella immune rabbit serum as the primary antiserum in both systems. the rubella immune rabbit serum and conjugated anti-rabbit immune globulins could be used more dilute in the ip system than in the if system. both ip and if staining detected rubella a ... | 1978 | 78928 |
| [rubella in pregnancy: experimental studies on the value of gamma-globulin after rubella wild virus infection (author's transl)]. | rubella infection was produced with a wild rubella virus in 24 volunteers by intranasal application. some of the subjects were given gamma-globulin intramuscular 24 hours later. in the control group clinically manifest rubella with massive viral excretion in the throat occurred in all in whom infection had taken place. in the majority of subjects rubella virus could be demonstrated in blood shortly before the skin rash appeared. high antibody titres occurred already 20 days after the infection. ... | 1978 | 81125 |
| congenital rubella deafness: a preventable disease. | over a 4-year period (1972-75) an unselected sample of 568 children aged under 4 years attending the nuffield hearing and speech centre were tested for rubella antibody. sensorineural deafness was subsequently diagnosed in 349 of these children, and 83 (24%) of this group had rubella antibody. in contrast, only 19 (9%) of the remaining 219 children in whom sensorineural deafness was excluded had rubella antibody. the seropositive and seronegative children with sensorineural deafness showed strik ... | 1979 | 84910 |
| study of interaction between igg and igm antibodies against rubella virus by the immunofluorescence method. | in immunoglobulin fractions or after elimination of igg by absorption the immunofluorescence test for rubella igm antibodies is more sensitive than in whole serum. blocking of igm activity by igg antibodies was eliminated when the time of incubation of the serum with virus antigen was prolonged. after prolonged incubation higher titres of rubella antibodies were also obtained in the igm immunoglobulin fractions. protein a in staphylococcus aureus suspension effectively absorbs antibodies of igg ... | 1979 | 87117 |
| rubella-immunity gap: is intranasal vaccination the answer? | | 1979 | 87629 |
| effect of rubella vaccination programme on serological status of young adults in united kingdom. | antibody to rubella virus was measured in over 10,000 serum samples collected in 1976, 1977, and 1978 from young adult blood donors and university students. the incidence of seronegatives was lower (4--7%) among females born in 1956 and subsequently--i.e., among the age groups offered rubella vaccine at school--than among females born before 1654 (11--20%). the incidence of seronegatives among males in the 1977 and 1978 surveys had the opposite trend, with a higher proportion of seronegatives in ... | 1979 | 87687 |
| rubella: who needs a blood test? | | 1979 | 87785 |
| rubella antibody screening. | | 1979 | 87994 |
| progressive rubella panencephalitis: immunovirological studies and results of isoprinosine therapy. | two patients with progressive rubella panencephalitis, one with and one without stigmata of congenital rubella, were treated for 9 months with isoprinosine and showed continued clinical deterioration. immunoviorological studies performed before, during and after treatment were unaffected by drug therapy. the virus was recovered on one occasion from the lymphocytes of one of these cases. neither patient showed any major defects in cellular or humoral immunity. however, the lymphocytes of the pati ... | 1979 | 88287 |
| [use of the precipitation reaction for studying viral antibodies in blood sera]. | | 1979 | 89261 |
| radial haemolysis for rubella antibody screening. | | 1979 | 89303 |
| simplified rubella haemagglutination inhibition test not requiring removal of non-specific inhibitors. | | 1979 | 89304 |
| rubella vaccines and the immunity gap. | | 1979 | 89471 |
| [studies on human immunoglobulin preparations: i. viral antibody profiles (author's transl)]. | a study was undertaken to assess the viral antibody spectrum in human immunoglobulin preparations from four different manufacturers for intravenous and/or intramuscular application. studies of the kind seem to be reasonable for calculating the expected therapeutic effect of the administered immunoglobulin. the investigated 16 gammaglobulin batches showed almost the same variety of viral antibodies and only slightly differring antibody titers. it is interesting to note, that antibodies to vaccini ... | 1979 | 89620 |
| rubella screening by hemolysis-in-gel test. | | 1979 | 90313 |
| rubella screening by hemolysis-in-gel-test. | | 1979 | 90314 |
| rubella vaccines. | | 1979 | 90773 |
| rubella screening. | | 1979 | 90877 |
| rubella: which vaccine? | | 1979 | 90959 |
| risk of contact infection after intranasal rubella vaccination. | | 1979 | 91854 |
| unusual features in a case diagnosed as subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe). | sspe is characterised by progressive mental deterioration, myoclonic and similar motor disorders and final severe comatose states, increase of immunoglobuline g in the csf, strongly elevated antibody titers to measles virus in serum and csf and typical periodic k-complexes in the eeg. the disease appears commonly in childhood and has a fatal course. cases with atypical signs have occasionally been reported. the case described in this paper shows a number of uncommon features: late onset, partial ... | 1979 | 92553 |
| [results of serologic hi test of women in rubella epidemic (author's transl)]. | | 1978 | 101628 |
| hemolytic activity of rubella virus. | | 1978 | 102076 |
| neutralizing and hemagglutination-inhibiting antibodies to rubella virus as indicators of protective immunity in vaccinees and naturally immune individuals. | in general, hemagglutination-inhibiting (hai) and neutralizing (nt) antibodies to rubella virus tend to parallel one another, and the presence of either antibody has been interpreted as reflecting protective immunity. it has recently been shown that persons who have hai antibody but lack nt antibody may be subject to reinfection. in the present study these two antibodies were compared with regard to their appearance and persistence in vaccines and in those who have experienced natural infection. ... | 1978 | 105058 |
| antibody responses in the cerebrospinal fulid of cynomolgus monkeys after intracerebral inoculation with paramyxoviruses. | cynomolgus monkeys with or without measles antibody were intracerebrally inoculated with measles or canine distemper viruses, and antibody responses in the cerebrospinal fluid (csf) were investigated. in measles antibody-free monkeys, natural infection with wild measles virus or intracerebral inoculations with two attenuated measles vaccines evoked primary antibody responses to measles virus in the sera but not in the csf. in measles-immune monkeys, intracerebral inoculation with the tycsa strai ... | 1979 | 106009 |
| a cost-benefit analysis of a mandatory premarital rubella-antibody screening program. | | 1979 | 106279 |
| rubella virus maturation and production in two host cell systems. | when inoculated at the same moi, vero cells released a larger amount of infectious rubella virus into the culture medium than did bhk21 cells, however, bhk21 cells (in monolayer or in suspension) produced more intracellular infectious virus than vero cells when tested 24 h after infection. maturation of the virus in bhk21 cells occurred at the plasma membrane and, in a larger quantity, in the cytoplasm (golgi apparatus and vacuoles). viral particles consisted of an electron-dense core (32 nm) su ... | 1979 | 107143 |
| sensitive neutralization test for rubella antibody. | a modified rubella virus plaque neutralization test for measuring rubella antibody was developed based on the potentiation of the virus-antibody complex by heterologous anti-immunoglobulin. the test is highly sensitive, yielding titers on the average 50 to 100 times higher than the haemagglutination inhibition test or the conventional plaque neutralization test. the sensitivity of this enhanced neutralization test is somewhat limited by the existence of a prozone phenomenon which precludes testi ... | 1979 | 107192 |
| cost-benefit analysis of rubella screening. | | 1979 | 109759 |
| cost-benefit analysis of rubella screening. | | 1979 | 109761 |
| cost-benefit analysis of rubella screening. | | 1979 | 109763 |
| a novel plaque method for attenuated rubella virus in vero cell cultures. brief report. | under defined plaquing conditions, three attenuated strains of rubella virus showed different plaque morphology and plaque size when tested in vero cell cultures. the cendehill strain of rubella virus formed distinct, ring-shaped plaques, while strains hpv77 and ra27/3 produced clear plaques that could be distinguished by their different size. these distinguishing characteristics remained preserved even after the vaccine strains were passaged five consecutive times in vero cell cultures. | 1979 | 110292 |
| [rubella hi antibody titer prior to and after the epidemic in the same group and other viral infection in rubella epidemic (author's transl)]. | | 1979 | 112196 |
| simple method to detect virus-specific igm antibodies in patients' serum samples after immunosorption of immunoglobulins g and a. | by absorption with protein a and specific immunosorption using insolubilized adsorbentia (cpg), a method was developed for rapid elimination of igg and iga from patients' serum samples. this test technique was examined in the diagnosis of rubella infections, i.e., rubella-specific igm antibodies. the procedure has proven to be as reliable as determinations carried out with igm fractions separated on a sucroe density gradient. | 1979 | 112369 |
| mechanism of persistence of rubella virus in llc-mk2 cells. | llc-mk2 cells chronically infected with two strains of rubella virus, hpv-77 and thomas, have been examined over several months to find out the mechanism of persistence. evidence is given for the presence of defective particles in these cultures by finding virion rna which sedimented at 12s instead of the 40s typical of the fully infectious virus. a 'provirus' dna copy of the rubella virus genome was not detected by methods which included filter hybridization and in situ hybridization, or by tre ... | 1979 | 113497 |
| focus formation by rubella virus in rabbit kidney (rk-13) cell cultures and its application to the virus titration. brief report. | | 1979 | 114148 |
| production of cells and viruses in a new multiple-tube tissue culture propagator. | a novel method for large-scale culture of anchorage-dependent cells is described. culture vessels were constructed by using roller bottles and pyrex tubing. parallel glass tubes, equally spaced by silicone rings and inserted into the roller bottles, provided an increased culture area. the roller bottles were fitted with a second opening for medium recirculation. culture vessels of 1,000-, 4,000-, 8,000- and 16,000-cm2 growth area were constructed to propagate vero, bs-c-1, primary chicken embryo ... | 1979 | 115897 |
| [hemolysis in ger test -- an alternative to hamagglutination inhibition test for search of antibodies against rubella virus (author's transl)]. | 640 sera of unknown immune status were tested in the rubella hemagglutination inhibition test (hi) as well as in hemolysis in gel test (hig). the results have been analysed by statistical methods. the reproducibility of zones of hemolysis are 1.7 mm for the long term precision and 1.0 mm for the short term precision. comparing the hig and the hi tests we had a correlation of 97% = sensitivity (544 out of 561 sera) in positive reacting sera and of 87% = specifity (69 out of 79 sera) in the negati ... | 1979 | 120309 |
| [studies on rubella. ii. rubella antibodies in the cerebrospinal fluid with rubella meningoencephalitis (author's transl)]. | | 1979 | 120388 |
| [studies on rubella. i. rubella virus neutralization test by plaque count assay (author's transl)]. | | 1979 | 120398 |
| inhibitory effects of bilirubin on cellular immune responses in man. | a significant depression in cell-mediated immunity as measured by lymphoproliferative responses to phytohemagglutinin and responsiveness to mixed lymphocyte culture was observed when adult lymphocytes or cord blood lymphocytes were incubated with increasing concentrations of bilirubin. the inhibitory effect of bilirubin could only be demonstrated with suboptimal concentrations of pha (0.01 and 0.005%) and was more marked in premature infants than in term neonates or adults. this effect was part ... | 1975 | 124327 |
| immunologic functions of isolated human lymphocyte subpopulations. v. isolation and functional analysis of a surface ig negative, e rosette negative subset. | | 1975 | 127679 |
| morphologic alterations of experimental rubella syndrome in rabbits. | rabbits were used as experimental subjects for study of circulation of the rubella virus in intrauterine life and of the histopathological alterations produced by inoculation of wild strains during the first third of pregnancy. fetuses taken in the 14th, 21st and 28th days of pregnancy, as well as 1-month-old and 5-month-old animals were used for the embryologic and virological studied. of the 20 animals infected, 90% presented histopathological lesions. the most affected viscera being the liver ... | 1976 | 130547 |
| [immunity to rubella virus in guatemala city]. | | 1976 | 136973 |
| growth inhibition of human embryonic and fetal rat bones in organ culture by rubella virus. | paired organ cultures of metacarpal, metatarsal, and long bones of previable human embryos of 7 to 12 weeks' gestation and tibias of 17-day rat fetuses with inoculated with live or ultraviolet-inactivated rubella virus or control fluids and the growth of the bones was measured by increase in wet weight. in several cultures the ability of the human bones to incorporate 35s, a measure of rate of mucopolysaccharide synthesis, was tested. growth of human and rat bones was retarded in cultures inocul ... | 1977 | 138959 |
| histopathological study of human placenta in women infected with rubella virus during pregnancy. | a histopathological and virological study is carried out on a group of placentae in the second trimester of pregnancy, obtained during the 1974 rubella epidemic in cuba. the comparison between the positive and negative cases did not show characteristic lesions of the virus passage through the placenta, which does not coincide with the reports of other authors who generally consider these alterations as a result of this pathology. eosinophilic intracytoplasmic granules were found in the hofbauer ... | 1977 | 144235 |
| [seroepidemiologic study of immunity to rubella among the population of tadzhikistan]. | the first serological survey of the human population of tajikistan was carried out with the purpose of detection of antibody inhibiting hemagglutination of rubella virus. as a result, in over 2500 persons high intensity of formation of the herd immunity was established. a greater portion of the population (66%) acquired antibody in preschol age. the formation of the immune portion completed by 10--14 years of age. among women of the child-bearing ages about 8--15% had no antibody to rubella viru ... | 1978 | 151385 |
| [on the diagnosis of intrauterine infections with cytomegalo- and rubella virus (author's transl)]. | | 1975 | 164615 |
| [rubella virus. iii. purification of infected or non-infected vero cell membranes]. | separation of vero cell membrane in a discontinuous sucrose gradient reveals five fractions. after infection a sixth fraction appears. it contains virioins but mostly modified membranes with subunits 5-6 nm in diameter, probably the hemagglutinin. none of the enzymes used was associated with this fraction. no modification of the other fractions was observed after infection. | 1975 | 165000 |
| virus antibody levels in serum specimens from patients with optic neuritis and from matched controls;. | virus antibody levels in serum specimens taken in acute and convalescent phases from 77 patients with optic neuritits were tested by measles hamagglutination inhibition (hi), measles hemolysis inhibition (hli), rubella hi, parainfluenza-1 hi, epstein-barr immunofluorescence (if), and against 11 other viruses and mycoplasma pneumoniae with the complement fixation (cf) technique. the virus antibody levels were indicated to be usually very stable, and a fourfold change in virus antibody levels was ... | 1975 | 165652 |
| virus antibody levels in the cerebrospinal fluid from patients with optic neuritis. | virus antibody levels were studied in the cerebrospinal fluid (csf) of 58 patients with optic neuritis and 58 control patients with no indication of multiple sclerosis (ms) or infectious disorders of the central nervous system (cns). the specimens were tested against three different structural components of measles virus with measles hemagglutination inhibition (hi), measles hemolysis inhibition (hli) and gel precipitation (gp) tests. measles antibodies occurred in 62 per cent of csf specimens f ... | 1975 | 165653 |
| false positive rubella virus haemagglutination inhibition reactions: occurrence and disclosure. | a floatation centrifugation procedure is described by which antibodies and non-specific rubella virus haemagglutination inhibitors can be completely separated. using this method it was shown that false positive reactions occur with the conventional pretreatments of sera for removing inhibitors, especially with the heparin-mccl2 procedure. other methods for removal of inhibitors were examined in view of recent knowledge about the chemical nature of the inhibitors. treatment with phospholipase c p ... | 1975 | 167269 |
| rubella and rheumatoid arthritis: hyaluronic acid and susceptibility of cultured rheumatoid synovial cells to viruses. | synovial cell lines were established from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (ra) and from normal human embryos. high levels of hyaluronic acid (ha) were produced by some ra cell lines, some of which were partially or completely resistant to infection with newcastle disease virus (ndv), vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv), and rubella virus (rv). normal fetal synovial cells lines were susceptible to ndv, vsv, and rv. infection with virus became possible after treatment of ra cells with hyaluronidas ... | 1975 | 167379 |
| [a quantitative demonstration of igm with sensitized latex particles]. | | 1975 | 167688 |
| antibodies to epstein-barr virus-associated nuclear antigen and to other viral and non-viral antigens in hodgkin's disease. | antibody reactivity to epstein-barr virus (ebv)-associated nuclear antigen (ebna) was investigated by means of the anticomplement immunofluorescence technique on sera from patients with hodgkin's disease (hd) and from appropriate controls. antibody levels to other ebv-determined antigens, i.e. viral capsid (vca) and early antigens (ea), and to measles and rubella viruses, to cytomegalovirus (cmv), and to toxoplasma gondii were also measured. the results of anti-ebv antibody titrations demonstrat ... | 1975 | 168161 |
| antibody levels to parainfluenza, rubella, measles, and influenza a virus in children with polymyositis. | the cf and hi antibody titers to rubella and measles viruses, the cf titers to influenxa a, and the hi titers to parainfluenza 1, 2, and 3 were carried out on the sera of 20 patients with childhood polymyositis and their matched controls. the titers for measles, parainfluenxa 1, and influenza a were slightly higher for patients than for controls. the control group had antibody titers to rubella and parainfluenza 2 and 3 higher than or similar to those of patients. strong patterns or significant ... | 1975 | 168906 |
| effects of viruses on immune response. | | 1975 | 171931 |
| viruses and the aetiology of diabetes: a study in identical twins. | sera were collected from 49 pairs of identical twins, 27 of whom were discordant (only one twin affected) and 22 concordant (both diabetic) for insulin-dependent diabetes. all were tested for antibodies to mumps, cytomegalovirus, rubella, coxsackie virus types b1-5, and mycoplasma pneumoniae. the diabetic co-twins had no more antibodies to any of the viruses than the non-diabetic co-twins of the discordant pairs. antibodies to coxsackie b2, rubella virus, and m pneumoniae were found more often i ... | 1975 | 172183 |
| virologic studies in rheumatoid arthritis. | comparison of virus antibody titers in jra and matched controls failed to implicate rubella, measles, parainfluenza type 1 or epstein-barr viruses. neither rna viruses or mycoplasma were detected in rheumatoid synovial cell cultures by 3h-uridine incorporation. mycoplasma were not isolated from rheumatoid synovial membranes or cell cultures using the large specimen-broth culture procedure. the balance of available evidence, including our own, suggests that mycoplasma are not involved in ra. viru ... | 1975 | 173010 |
| [quantitative and virus specific serum igm detection in newborns (author's transl)]. | serum igm concentration was determined in umbilical cord blood samples from 1000 newborns. 34 cases presenting elevated igm values (greater than or equal to 30 mg%) were tested for virus specific igm antibodies. we could demonstrate such virus specific igm antibodies against cytomegalovirus (4), against rubella, influenza a and influenza b (2 each) and against coxsackie virus (1). the quantitation of igm in blood samples of child bearing women showed no elevated values compared to those of non-p ... | 1975 | 173647 |
| viruses as teratogens. | there is nothing unique about rubella viruses or cytomegaloviruses. they are classic teratogens and, in this respect, not only follow but exemplify most of the principles of human teratology. | 1975 | 174856 |
| [antibodies to viral antigens in rheumatoid arthritis]. | | 1976 | 179153 |
| application of freeze-dried, one-day-old chick erythrocytes to viral hemagglutination and hemagglutination-inhibition tests. | erythrocytes collected from 1-day-old chicks were stabilized by fixation with formaldehyde and by freeze-drying after treatment with carbon monoxide. suspensions of freeze-dried erythrocytes in distilled water or physiological saline had a homogeneous bright reddish-purple color. freeze-dried erythrocytes were compared with fresh erythrocytes for hemagglutination and hemagglutination-inhibition tests for various viruses including rubella, japanese encephalitis, influenza, mumps, newcastle diseas ... | 1976 | 184109 |
| cytology of rheumatoid synovial cells in culture. iv. further investigations of cell lines cocultivated with rheumatoid synovial cells. | a previous report described a cell isolate presumed to have arisen by accidental cocultivation (contamination) of the chang 'liver' cell line and rheumatoid synovial cells. this cell isolate had the same glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase isoenzyme as the chang cell and also some shared antigens. it clearly differed in its karyotype, its ability to grow in semisolid agar, and in the possession of bleb-like projections of the cytoplasmic membrane filled with collections of beaded or granular mater ... | 1976 | 184745 |
| [studies on congenital rubella. i. aims, materials and methods]. | | 1976 | 185577 |
| [is the rheumatoid arthritis of children a late complication of rubella? (proceedings)]. | | 1976 | 185840 |
| lymphocyte response to virus antigens in systemic lupus erythematosus. | the cell-mediated immune response of lymphocytes to rubella, measles, parainfluenza types 1, 2, and 3, varicella-zoster and herpes virus type 1 virus antigens was evaluated in 15 sle patients and 15 matched controls by incorporating 3h-thymidine in whole blood cultures as a measure of blastic transformation. sle patients were less responsive than normal individuals to six of eight virus antigens tested. culture of washed sle cells in ab plasma did not reverse the hyporesponsiveness. the results ... | 1976 | 187203 |
| viral antibodies and chronic liver disease. | serum rubella, measles and cytomegalovirus antibodies were measured in patients with various forms of chronic liver disease and compared with those in age-matched controls. in cah all three antibodies were found in significantly greater titre than in controls,and in cryptogenic cirrhosis titres to rubella were significantly increased. in alcoholic cirrhosis none was increased. there was no correlation between antibody titres and either the presence of portal-systemic shunts or the use of steroid ... | 1976 | 187261 |
| improved rubella hemagglutination inhibtion test: inactivation of non-immunoglobulin hemagglutination inhibitors by phospholipase c. | a method using phospholipase c (pl-c) for removing nonspecific inhibitors (nsi) of rubella virus hemagglutinin is described. pl-c was found to hydrolyze nsi without altering the hemagglutination inhibition (hi) activity of the specific antibody and could be used to remove nsi in the rubella hi test by using formalinized erythrocytes, which resisted the enzymatic action; fresh erythrocytes were lysed by pl-c. the hi test using pl-c treated sera gave true measurements of actual rubella antibody co ... | 1976 | 187617 |
| sensitivity of a radioimmunoassay method for detection of certain viral antibodies in sera and cerebrospinal fluids. | an indirect solid-phase radioimmunoassay (ria) was applied to titration of serum and cerebrospinal fluid (csf) antibodies against a variety of viruses including rubella, mumps, measles, herpes simplex, varicella-zoster, and vaccinia. the test used fixed, virus-infected cells as a source of antigen, and conditions for optimal production of viral antigen were determined for each virus-host cell system. in acute, uncomplicated viral infections, sera taken 2 to 5 days after onset generally had low h ... | 1976 | 187618 |
| immune response to acute otitis media in children iii. implications of viral antibody in middle ear fluid. | with the technique of radioimmunodiffusion and indirect fa staining, iga antibody to measles, mumps, rubella, and polio-1 were determined in serum and middle ear fluid (mef) of 103 patients with otitis media. the occurrence of iga viral antibody in mef and its absence in simultaneously drawn serum was used as an indicator of local antibody production. of the 401 assays performed, 41 instances of iga antibody exclusively in mef were found. only four of these occurred in specimens from unimmunized ... | 1977 | 187700 |
| comparison of the activities in inhibition of haemagglutination by different togaviruses for human serum lipoproteins and their constituents. | the 3 major lipoprotein fractions of human serum were investigated for their ability to inhibit the haemagglutination of 24 different togaviruses including rubella virus and arboviruses from 5 antigenic groups. all viruses were inhibited by the 3 fractions and this was most evident with low and very low density lipoproteins; inhibitory activity appeared to be associated with the lipid part of the lipoproteins. when artificial dispersions of the lipids cholesterol, cholesteryl ester and triglycer ... | 1976 | 187726 |
| serum lipoproteins as inhibitors of haemafflutination by rubella virus. | the role of serum lipoproteins as non-antibody-like inhibitors of haemagglutination for rubella virus was investigated. dissociation of lipoproteins into their respective lipid and protein components significantly reduced their inhibitory titre. this reduction was more prominent with the protein component. when mixtures of pure lipids were tested for their haemagglutination inhibitory activities, no inhibition was observed. sonication of the three major lipoprotein fractions significantly increa ... | 1977 | 189156 |