| characterization of the polypeptides and determination of genome coding assignments of an aquareovirus. | proteins of an aquareovirus isolated from striped bass (sbr strain) were examined. twelve viral-specific proteins ranging in molecular weight from approximately 130 to 15 kda were identified in infected cells. purified virions and infected cell lysates were used to characterize the structural and nonstructural proteins of the virus. seven structural and five nonstructural proteins were identified by sds-page. cell-free translation of total sbr virion rna in a rabbit reticulocyte system resulted ... | 1994 | 7975240 |
| genetic analysis of aquareoviruses using rna-rna blot hybridization. | the relative mobility of the 11 dsrna genomic segments of 19 aquareovirus isolates from fish and shellfish were compared by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. this study revealed distinct variations of electrophoretic profiles (electropherotypes) of many aquareovirus isolates. no correlation was observed between the electropherotype and the species from which the isolates were obtained, but there was correlation with the geographic site of isolation. using reciprocal rna-rna dot blot hybridizat ... | 1993 | 8212589 |
| morphological and genomic characterization of two reoviruses (p and w2) pathogenic for marine crustaceans; do they constitute a novel genus of the reoviridae family? | p and w2 viruses are pathogenic in two crustaceans of the mediterranean sea, macropipus depurator and carcinus mediterraneus, respectively. investigation of virus, virus density and genome structure leads us to propose their classification in a genus similar to aquareovirus of the reoviridae family. they differ from aquareoviruses by the number of dsrna segments forming the genome (12 instead of 11), their electrophoretic pattern in page (1/5/6 instead of 3/3/5), and the absence of virus replica ... | 1993 | 8345348 |
| detection of aquareovirus rna in fish tissues by nucleic acid hybridization with a cloned cdna probe. | a nucleic acid hybridization assay was developed to rapidly detect small quantities of aquareovirus rnas in infected cells and organs. cloned cdna copies were synthesized from the genomic rna of the sbr strain of aquareovirus. by using cloned cdna probes, aquareovirus rnas were detected in spleen and kidney tissues of experimentally infected fish. | 1993 | 8391024 |
| characterization of 2 aquareovirus proteins. | the protein products of aquareovirus genome segments 10 and 11 were investigated. the genome segment 10 encodes the major outer capsid protein (vp7) of aquareovirus. the vp7 protein has a molecular weight of 35 kda and was found to be glycosylated. the electrophoretic mobility of vp7 in sds-page was unaltered when untreated and deglycosylated proteins were compared, indicating the presence of short oligosaccharide chains. selective binding of lectins with well-defined sugar specificities suggest ... | 1995 | 8581011 |
| aquareovirus interference mediated resistance to infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus. | this study investigated the stimulation of specific host defenses to ihnv that are created by prior exposure to an avirulent reovirus (chum salmon reovirus; csv). preexposure of rainbow trout to csv for 1 h resulted in a relative percent survival that ranged from 68 to 100% when fish were challenged with ihnv over an 8 week period. the levels of serum neutralizing antibodies detected 28 d after the ihnv challenge were significantly lower among fish receiving prior exposures to csv than among non ... | 1995 | 8581022 |
| the structure of aquareovirus shows how the different geometries of the two layers of the capsid are reconciled to provide symmetrical interactions and stabilization. | aquareoviruses are important pathogens of aquatic animals and have severe consequences in aquaculture. these viruses belong to the family reoviridae. a structural feature common to members of the reoviridae is a multilayered capsid, formed by several concentric icosahedral shells with different protein compositions. how these proteins, which often are present in unequal stoichiometries, interact between icosahedral layers to stabilize the capsid is not well understood. | 1996 | 8805574 |
| cloning, sequence analysis and expression of the major outer capsid protein gene of an aquareovirus. | the nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of genome segment 10 of aquareovirus strain sbr, encoding the major outer capsid protein (vp7), have been determined. genome segment 10 of sbr virus is 986 nucleotides long and encodes a polypeptide of 298 amino acids with a predicted molecular mass of 32,430 da. there are 26 non-translated nucleotides at the 5' end and 66 non-translated nucleotides at the 3' end. using a recombinant baculovirus system, the vp7 protein of sbr virus was expressed to ... | 1997 | 9191933 |
| identification of a new genogroup of aquareovirus by rna-rna hybridization. | the relative mobilities of the 11 dsrna genomic segments of 22 aquareovirus isolates from fish and shellfish obtained from different geographical areas of the world were compared by page. using reciprocal rna-rna dot blot hybridization, a new sixth genetic group of aquareovirus (genogroup f) was identified. genogroup a was represented by eight and genogroup b by 12 isolates. the remaining two isolates represented the new sixth genogroup (genogroup f). the genetic relationship of these aquareovir ... | 1997 | 9191934 |
| cloning and sequence analysis of a non-structural gene of an aquareovirus. | the nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequence of genome segment 11 encoding a nonstructural protein of an aquareovirus strain sbr have been determined. nucleotide sequence analysis showed that the genome segment 11 of sbr virus is 780 nucleotides long and contains a major open reading frame that codes for a polypeptide of 236 amino acids with a predicted molecular weight of 25,504 da. the second reading frame of genome segment 11 was 480 nucleotides long and codes for a polypeptide of 145 with ... | 1997 | 9354275 |
| enhancement of aquareovirus infectivity by treatment with proteases: mechanism of action. | the effects of protease digestion on the polypeptide composition and on the infectivity of striped bass virus, an aquareovirus, were examined. both trypsin and chymotrypsin enhanced the infectivity of the virus. enhancement of infectivity was correlated with the digestion of the outer capsid protein, vp7. these studies support the assertion that vp7 is the outermost capsid protein and suggest that vp4 and vp5 are exposed on the outer surface of infectious particles. the possible role of vp7 in t ... | 1998 | 9525667 |
| lack of restriction of growth for aquareovirus in mammalian cells. | the striped bass (sbr) virus, a member of the recently described aquareoviruses, infected, caused cytopathic effects (cpe), and replicated in mammalian cells. the virus caused cpe in all 7 of the mammalian cell lines investigated. sbr virus functioned best at lower temperatures and it is these lower temperatures that appeared to be restricting factors for growth of some mammalian cells. at 22 degrees c the sbr virus grew to similar titers in both chinook salmon embryo (chse) cells and in mammali ... | 1998 | 9572557 |
| sequence analysis of genome segment 10 encoding the major outer capsid protein (vp7) of genogroup b aquareovirus and its relationship with the vp7 protein of genogroup a aquareovirus. | genome segment 10 of the coho salmon (csr) strain of genogroup b aquareovirus has been cloned and sequenced. the gene is at least 936 nucleotides in length and has a major open reading frame encoding a protein of 293 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 31.7 kda. comparison of nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of genome segment 10 of genogroup a and genogroup b strains indicated 55.7 and 36.5% identity at the nucleotide and amino acid level, respectively. baculovirus express ... | 1997 | 9672614 |
| identification of grass carp haemorrhage virus as a new genogroup of aquareovirus. | three aquareovirus strains isolated from grass carp (ctenopharyngodon idellus), geoduck clams (panope abrupta) and herring (clupea harengus) in north america and asia were examined by rna-rna blot hybridization to determine their genogroup. the isolates from clams and herring were identified as members of genogroup a, but the isolate from grass carp did not hybridize to any of the known genogroups, suggesting that this virus probably represents a new, seventh genogroup. | 1999 | 10501493 |
| trypsin-induced structural transformation in aquareovirus. | aquareovirus, a member of the family reoviridae, is a large virus with multiple capsid layers surrounding a genome composed of 11 segments of double-stranded rna. biochemical studies have shown that treatment with the proteolytic agent trypsin significantly alters the infectivity of the virus. the most infectious stage of the virus is produced by a 5-min treatment with trypsin. however, prolonged trypsin treatment almost completely abolishes the infectivity. we have used three-dimensional electr ... | 2000 | 10864668 |
| sequence of genome segments 1, 2, and 3 of the grass carp reovirus (genus aquareovirus, family reoviridae). | the genome segments 1, 2, and 3 of the grass carp reovirus (gcrv), a tentative species assigned to genus aquareovirus, family reoviridae, were sequenced. the respective segments 1, 2, and 3 were 3949, 3877, and 3702 nucleotides long. conserved motifs 5' (guuauuu) and 3' (uucauc) were found at the ends of each segment. each segment contains a single orf and the negative strand does not permit identification of consistent orfs. sequence analysis revealed that vp2 is the viral polymerase, while vp1 ... | 2000 | 10924351 |
| complete nucleotide sequence of the s10 genome segment of grass carp reovirus (gcrv). | hemorrhagic disease, caused by the grass carp reovirus (gcrv), is one of the major diseases of grass carp in china. little is known about the structure and function of the gene segments of this reovirus. the s10 genome segment of gcrv was cloned and the complete nucleotide sequence is reported here. the s10 is 909 nucleotides long and contains a large open reading frame (orf) encoding a protein of 276 amino acids with a deduced molecular weight of approximately 29.7 kda. comparisons of the deduc ... | 2001 | 11253877 |
| pathology associated with an aquareovirus in captive juvenile atlantic halibut hippoglossus hippoglossus and an experimental treatment strategy for a concurrent bacterial infection. | a large-scale mortality of larval and juvenile halibut hippoglossus hippoglossus occurred at a semi-commercial halibut farm in atlantic canada. investigation of the cause revealed aquareovirus particles in necrotic liver tissue of affected fish. cytopathic effect on chse-214 cell lines occurred from all fish cultured for viruses, and the viral morphology of the particles in culture was consistent with that observed in necrotic host tissue. the virus was placed in the family of reoviridae, genus ... | 2001 | 11253878 |
| molecular characterization and expression of the m6 gene of grass carp hemorrhage virus (gchv), an aquareovirus. | the complete nucleotide sequence of m6 gene of grass carp hemorrhage virus (gchv) was determined. it is 2039 nucleotides in length and contains a single large open reading frame that could encode a protein of 648 amino acids with predicted molecular mass of 68.7 kda. amino acid sequence comparison revealed that the protein encoded by gchv m6 is closely related to the protein mu1 of mammalian reovirus. the m6 gene, encoding the major outer-capsid protein, was expressed using the pet fusion protei ... | 2001 | 11556714 |
| characteristics of a new reovirus isolated from epizootic ulcerative syndrome infected snakehead fish. | epizootic ulcerative syndrome (eus) has been infecting a wide range of fishes in the south and southeast asia for the last 2 decades. one reovirus-like agent (snakehead reovirus, skrv), isolated from an eus-infected snakehead fish and investigated in the present study, is the only reovirus so far isolated from an eus-infected fish. skrv was characterised by the presence of a double-stranded rna genome with icosahedral symmetry and double capsid. the virus had an average size of 71 nm, a buoyant ... | 2001 | 11678232 |
| a new bacilliform fathead minnow rhabdovirus that produces syncytia in tissue culture. | a pathogenic bacilliform virus 130-180 nm in length and 31-47 nm in diameter was isolated from moribund fathead minnows (pimephales promelas) exhibiting hemorrhages in their eyes and skin. a cytopathic effect of multifocal syncytia was observed in the epithelioma papulosum cyprini cell line after a 48 h incubation at 20 degrees c. a similar cytopathic effect was also observed in other cell lines tested, but not in bluegill fry, koi fin, or chinook salmon embryo cells. the filterable agent was in ... | 2002 | 12021863 |
| common evolutionary origin of aquareoviruses and orthoreoviruses revealed by genome characterization of golden shiner reovirus, grass carp reovirus, striped bass reovirus and golden ide reovirus (genus aquareovirus, family reoviridae). | full-length and partial genome sequences of four members of the genus aquareovirus, family reoviridae (golden shiner reovirus, grass carp reovirus, striped bass reovirus and golden ide reovirus) were characterized. based on sequence comparison, the unclassified grass carp reovirus was shown to be a member of the species aquareovirus c. the status of golden ide reovirus, another unclassified aquareovirus, was also examined. sequence analysis showed that it did not belong to the species aquareovir ... | 2002 | 12124458 |
| four years of monitoring for viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus in marine waters around the united kingdom. | between 1995 and 1998, marine fish from around the coast of the uk were collected and samples analysed for viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (vhsv) using cell culture isolation methods. in 1997 and 1998 the samples were also analysed for vhsv by reverse transcription pcr (rt-pcr). a total of 1867 fish of 11 species were tested, but vhsv was isolated on only 1 occasion, from herring clupea harengus, in 1996. however, despite vhsv not being isolated in 1997 and 1998, in both years samples of he ... | 2003 | 12803381 |
| identification of two histidines necessary for reovirus mrna guanylyltransferase activity. | grass carp reovirus, a segmented double-stranded rna virus, is a member of the genus aquareovirus in the reoviridae family. grass carp reovirus vp1 was shown to be an mrna guanylyltransferase. the enzyme demonstrated maximum activity <or= ph 6.0. this low ph maximum is conserved among the known guanylyltransferases of the reoviridae family, but is not a property of the kxdg guanylyltransferases. the positive effect of low ph was detected for both autoguanylylation and gmp transfer, the two steps ... | 2003 | 14644613 |
| discovery of a dsrna virus infecting the marine photosynthetic protist micromonas pusilla. | we report the isolation of the first double-stranded (ds) rna virus in the family reoviridae that infects a protist (microalga micromonas pusilla, prasinophyceae). the dsrna genome was composed of 11 segments ranging between 0.8 and 5.8 kb, with a total size of approximately 25.5 kb. the virus (mprnav-01b) could not be assigned to the genus level because host type, genome size, and number of segments smaller than 2 kb did not correspond to either of the two existing 11-segmented dsrna genera rot ... | 2004 | 14980488 |
| orthoreovirus and aquareovirus core proteins: conserved enzymatic surfaces, but not protein-protein interfaces. | orthoreoviruses and aquareoviruses constitute two respective genera in the family reoviridae of double-stranded rna viruses. orthoreoviruses infect mammals, birds, and reptiles and have a genome comprising 10 rna segments. aquareoviruses infect fish and have a genome comprising 11 rna segments. despite these differences, recent structural and nucleotide sequence evidence indicate that the proteins of orthoreoviruses and aquareoviruses share many similarities. the focus of this review is on the s ... | 2004 | 15010214 |
| development of a rapid, sensitive and specific diagnostic assay for fish aquareovirus based on rt-pcr. | a rapid, sensitive and highly specific detection method for aquareovirus based on reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) was developed. based on multiple sequence alignment of the cloned sequences of a local isolates, the threadfin reovirus (tfv) and guppy reovirus (gpv) with grass carp reovirus (gcrv), a pair of degenerate primers was selected carefully and synthesized. using this primer combination, only one specific product, approximately 450 bp in length was obtained when r ... | 2004 | 15081606 |
| purification and characterization of a new reovirus from the chinese mitten crab, eriocheir sinensis. | a new reovirus was recently isolated from a freshwater crab, the chinese mitten crab, eriocheir sinensis, in china. the complete viral particles are 55 nm in diameter, icosahedral, non-enveloped and have a mean buoyant density of 1.39 g cm(-3) in cscl gradient. the viral genome is composed of 12 pieces of dsrna with an electrophoretic pattern of 3/4/2/3. this virus infects connective tissue of the gills, gut and hepatopancreas. partial cdna cloning and sequence analysis showed that the rna-depen ... | 2004 | 15575876 |
| molecular cloning, dna sequence analysis, and expression of cdna sequence of rna genomic segment 6 (s6) that encodes a viral outer capsid protein of threadfin aquareovirus (tfv). | the genome segment 6 (s6) of threadfin reovirus (tfv) was cloned and sequenced. the entire s6 nucleotide sequence is 2056 bp long with an open reading frame that encodes a protein of 653 amino acids. sequence analysis of the tfv s6 genome revealed that the 5'-terminal sequence, gtttta and the 3'-terminal sequence, attcatc of the plus strand is common to other genome segments of tfv. the pentanucleotide, tcatc, at the 3'-terminal of the plus strand was also conserved in other reported isolates of ... | 2005 | 15744578 |
| molecular characterization of a major outer capsid protein encoded by the threadfin aquareovirus (tfv) gene segment 10 (s10). | genome segment 10 (s10) of threadfin aquareovirus (tfv) was cloned, sequenced, analyzed and found to be 987 bp long encoding a protein of 298 aa with a predicted molecular mass of 32.0 kda. the tfv s10 gene possesses terminal motifs, (5' gtttta and attcatc 3') which are also conserved in the s6 and s11 tfv gene segments. sequence comparison revealed that the tfv s10 gene was similar to the striped bass reovirus (sbr) vp7 outer capsid protein (ocp). a conserved putative zinc-finger motif, cchc, p ... | 2005 | 15931464 |
| structure of avian orthoreovirus virion by electron cryomicroscopy and image reconstruction. | among members of the genus orthoreovirus, family reoviridae, a group of non-enveloped viruses with genomes comprising ten segments of double-stranded rna, only the "non-fusogenic" mammalian orthoreoviruses (mrvs) have been studied to date by electron cryomicroscopy and three-dimensional image reconstruction. in addition to mrvs, this genus comprises other species that induce syncytium formation in cultured cells, a property shared with members of the related genus aquareovirus. to augment studie ... | 2005 | 16153672 |
| efficacy of chemical disinfectants against turbot aquareovirus. | the susceptibility of turbot aquareovirus to five chemical agents was examined. treatment with 5 mg of malachite green per liter or 500 mg of iodine per liter resulted in a 90% reduction in virus titer within 1 h. complete inactivation within 5 min was obtained with 2% formalin, 42.5% isopropanol, or 15 mg of free available chlorine per liter. lower concentrations of chlorine were ineffective. | 1994 | 16349302 |
| 3d reconstruction and capsid protein characterization of grass carp reovirus. | grass carp reovirus (gcrv) is a relatively new virus first isolated in china and is a member of the aquareovirus genus of the reoviridae family. recent report of genomic sequencing showed that gcrv shared high degree of homology with mammalian reovirus (mrv). as a step of our effort to understand the structural basis of gcrv pathogenesis, we determined the three-dimensional (3d) structure of gcrv capsid at 17 a resolution by electron cryomicroscopy. each gcrv capsid has a multilayered organizati ... | 2005 | 16483138 |
| baculovirus expression of the 11 mycoreovirus-1 genome segments and identification of the guanylyltransferase-encoding segment. | the type member mycoreovirus 1 (myrv-1) of a newly described genus, mycoreovirus, isolated from a hypovirulent strain 9b21 of the chestnut blight fungus, has a genome composed of 11 dsrna segments (s1-s11). all of the segments have single orfs on their capped, positive-sense strands. infection of insect cells by baculovirus recombinants carrying full-length cdnas of s1-s11 resulted in overexpression of protein products of the expected sizes, based on their deduced amino acid sequences. this expr ... | 2007 | 17170467 |
| cytopathic effects of chum salmon reovirus to salmonid epithelial, fibroblast and macrophage cell lines. | the cytopathic effect (cpe) of chum salmon reovirus (csv), an aquareovirus, was studied in three salmonid cell lines: epithelial-like chse-214 from chinook salmon embryo, fibroblast-like rtg-2, and monocyte/macrophage-like rts11, both from rainbow trout. chse-214 and rtg-2 supported syncytia formation with more dramatic syncytia being observed in chse-214 cultures, while csv induced homotypic aggregation (ha) in rts11. syncytia and ha formation were blocked by cycloheximide and ribavirin but not ... | 2007 | 17391795 |
| complete characterisation of the american grass carp reovirus genome (genus aquareovirus: family reoviridae) reveals an evolutionary link between aquareoviruses and coltiviruses. | an aquareovirus was isolated from several fish species in the usa (including healthy golden shiners) that is not closely related to members of species aquareovirus a, b and c. the virus, which is atypical (does not cause syncytia in cell cultures at neutral ph), was implicated in a winter die-off of grass carp fingerlings and has therefore been called 'american grass carp reovirus' (agcrv). complete nucleotide sequence analysis of the agcrv genome and comparisons to the other aquareoviruses show ... | 2008 | 18191982 |
| subnanometer-resolution structures of the grass carp reovirus core and virion. | grass carp reovirus (gcrv) is a member of the aquareovirus genus of the family reoviridae, a large family of double-stranded rna (dsrna) viruses infecting plants, insects, fishes and mammals. we report the first subnanometer-resolution three-dimensional structures of both gcrv core and virion by cryoelectron microscopy. these structures have allowed the delineation of interactions among the over 1000 molecules in this enormous macromolecular machine and a detailed comparison with other dsrna vir ... | 2008 | 18625243 |
| consensus nested pcr amplification and sequencing of diverse reptilian, avian, and mammalian orthoreoviruses. | the orthoreoviruses are segmented rna viruses that infect diverse vertebrate host species. while the most common human orthoreovirus, mammalian reovirus, is not typically associated with significant disease, the majority of orthoreovirus species have been shown to cause significant and often fatal disease in reptiles, birds, and primates. there is significant potential for jumping species. a consensus nested-pcr method was designed for investigation of the rna-dependent rna polymerase gene of or ... | 2009 | 18656318 |
| avian reovirus l2 genome segment sequences and predicted structure/function of the encoded rna-dependent rna polymerase protein. | the orthoreoviruses are infectious agents that possess a genome comprised of 10 double-stranded rna segments encased in two concentric protein capsids. like virtually all rna viruses, an rna-dependent rna polymerase (rdrp) enzyme is required for viral propagation. rdrp sequences have been determined for the prototype mammalian orthoreoviruses and for several other closely-related reoviruses, including aquareoviruses, but have not yet been reported for any avian orthoreoviruses. | 2008 | 19091125 |
| aquareovirus effects syncytiogenesis by using a novel member of the fast protein family translated from a noncanonical translation start site. | as nonenveloped viruses, the aquareoviruses and orthoreoviruses are unusual in their ability to induce cell-cell fusion and syncytium formation. while an extraordinary family of fusion-associated small transmembrane (fast) proteins is responsible for orthoreovirus syncytiogenesis, the basis for aquareovirus-induced syncytiogenesis is unknown. we now report that the s7 genome segment of an atlantic salmon reovirus is polycistronic and uses a noncanonical cug translation start codon to produce a 2 ... | 2009 | 19297495 |
| conserved structure/function of the orthoreovirus major core proteins. | orthoreoviruses are infectious agents with genomes of 10 segments of double-stranded rna. detailed molecular information is available for all 10 segments of several mammalian orthoreoviruses, and for most segments of several avian orthoreoviruses (arv). we, and others, have reported sequences of the l2, all s-class, and all m-class genome segments of two different avian reoviruses, strains arv138 and arv176. we here determined l1 and l3 genome segment nucleotide sequences for both strains to com ... | 2009 | 19720241 |
| backbone model of an aquareovirus virion by cryo-electron microscopy and bioinformatics. | grass carp reovirus (gcrv) is a member of the aquareovirus genus in the reoviridae family and has a capsid with two shells-a transcription-competent core surrounded by a coat. we report a near-atomic-resolution reconstruction of the gcrv virion by cryo-electron microscopy and single-particle reconstruction. a backbone model of the gcrv virion, including seven conformers of the five capsid proteins making up the 1500 molecules in both the core and the coat, was derived using cryo-electron microsc ... | 2010 | 20036256 |
| building and refining protein models within cryo-electron microscopy density maps based on homology modeling and multiscale structure refinement. | automatic modeling methods using cryoelectron microscopy (cryoem) density maps as constraints are promising approaches to building atomic models of individual proteins or protein domains. however, their application to large macromolecular assemblies has not been possible largely due to computational limitations inherent to such unsupervised methods. here we describe a new method, em-imo (electron microscopy-iterative modular optimization), for building, modifying and refining local structures of ... | 2010 | 20109465 |
| detection of viruses and virus-like particles in four species of wild and farmed bivalve molluscs in alaska, u.s.a., from 1987 to 2009. | the u.s. alaska department of fish and game has regulatory oversight of the mariculture industry that is partially administered through a statewide shellfish health policy. possession and transport of bivalve molluscs require development of indigenous pathogen histories from diagnostic examinations of wild and farmed populations. these examinations have resulted in the detection of various infectious agents and parasites including viruses: an aquareovirus and aquabirna-like virus isolated by fis ... | 2009 | 20183960 |
| 3.3 a cryo-em structure of a nonenveloped virus reveals a priming mechanism for cell entry. | to achieve cell entry, many nonenveloped viruses must transform from a dormant to a primed state. in contrast to the membrane fusion mechanism of enveloped viruses (e.g., influenza virus), this membrane penetration mechanism is poorly understood. here, using single-particle cryo-electron microscopy, we report a 3.3 a structure of the primed, infectious subvirion particle of aquareovirus. the density map reveals side-chain densities of all types of amino acids (except glycine), enabling construct ... | 2010 | 20398923 |
| molecular analysis of grass carp reovirus hz08 genome segments 1-3 and 5-6. | a new grass carp reovirus, assigned hz08, was isolated from a diseased grass carp case during routine examination in huzhou city, zhejiang province, china. the complete nucleotide sequences of genomic segments s1-s3 and s5-s6 were obtained and comprised 3927, 3870, 3753, 2229, and 2030 bp, respectively. each segment contained a single open reading frame which encoded putative proteins of 143.6, 143.1, 135.9, 80.5, and 68.4 kda, respectively. conserved motifs 5' (guaauuu...uucauc) 3' were found a ... | 2010 | 20455077 |
| detection and prevalence of the nonsyncytial american grass carp reovirus aquareovirus g by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. | the american grass carp reovirus (agcrv) aquareovirus g is not strongly associated with disease in fish, but it is often detected by cell culture during routine inspections of healthy fish. the cytopathic effect of agcrv does not involve the typical syncytia associated with most aquareoviruses. instead, the agcrv produces a pattern of cell rounding that is very similar to that produced by rhabdoviruses, including those that are highly regulated. we have developed a quantitative polymerase chain ... | 2010 | 20575360 |
| medical microbiology | the family reoviridae is composed of eight genera: orthoreovirus, orbivirus,
coltivirus, rotavirus, aquareovirus, cypovirus, phytoreovirus, and
fijivirus. certain orthoreovirus, orbivirus,
coltivirus, and rotavirus species infect humans;
phytoreovirus and fijivirus species infect
plants and insects; the cypoviruses (the cytoplasmic polyhidrosis viruses) infect
insects, and aquareovirus ... | 1996 | 21413350 |
| antibodies against outer-capsid proteins of grass carp reovirus expressed in e. coli are capable of neutralizing viral infectivity. | abstract: | 2011 | 21745413 |
| turbot reovirus (smrev) genome encoding a fast protein with a non-aug start site. | a virus was isolated from diseased turbot scophthalmus maximus in china. biophysical and biochemical assays, electron microscopy, and genome electrophoresis revealed that the virus belonged to the genus aquareovirus, and was named scophthalmus maximus reovirus (smrev). to the best of our knowledge, no complete sequence of an aquareovirus from marine fish has been determined. therefore, the complete characterization and analysis of the genome of this novel aquareovirus will facilitate further und ... | 2011 | 21689389 |
| primed for discovery: atomic-resolution cryo-em structure of a reovirus entry intermediate. | a recently solved structure of the aquareovirus virion (zhang, x; jin, l.; fang, q; hui, w.h.; zhou z.h. 3.3 å cryo-em structure of a nonenveloped virus reveals a priming mechanism for cell entry. cell2010, 141, 472-482 [1]) provides new insights into the order of entry events, as well as confirming and refining several aspects of the entry mechanism, for aquareovirus and the related orthoreovirus. in particular, the structure provides evidence of a defined order for the progressive proteolytic ... | 2010 | 21994683 |
| [Molecular properties of grass carp reovirus in southern China and establishment of a duplex PCR detection method]. | A strain of grass carp reovirus was isolated from sick grass carp with symptoms of haemorrhage in Guangdong province in 2009. The strain was tentatively named as GCRV-GD108 because it was isolated from grass carp and possessed 11 segments of dsRNA. Complete genome sequence analysis showed that significant differences existed between GCRV-GD108 and GCRV, as well as other known species of aquareovirus. In this study, molecular characteristics of diseased grass carp collected from different farms i ... | 2011 | 21874906 |
| Complete genomic sequence of a reovirus isolated from grass carp in China. | A reovirus was isolated from sick grass carp in Guangdong, China in 2009, and tentatively named 'grass carp reovirus Guangdong 108 strain' (GCRV-GD108). This reovirus was propagated in grass carp snout fibroblast cell line PSF with no obvious cytopathic effects. Its genome was 24,703bp in length with a 50% G+C content and 11 dsRNA segments encoding 11 proteins instead of 12 proteins. It has been classified as an Aquareovirus (AQRV). Sequence comparisons showed that it possessed only 7 homologous ... | 2011 | 22044618 |