| rotavirus stability and inactivation. | the stability of the infectivity of simian rotavirus, sa11, has been analysed and compared to the stability of reovirus type 1. sa11 infectivity was stable to freeze-thawing, sonication, incubation at 25 degrees c overnight or at 37 degrees c for 1 h and to treatment with acid, ether, chloroform and genetron. in contrast to reovirus, the infectivity of sa11 was more rapidly inactivated by heating at 50 degrees c. sa11 infectivity was inactivated above ph 10.0 and by heating at 50 degrees c in 2 ... | 1979 | 39115 |
| comparative adsorption of human enteroviruses, simian rotavirus, and selected bacteriophages to soils. | virus adsorption to soils is considered to be the most important factor in removing viruses after land treatment of wastewater. most of the studies on virus adsorption to soils have utilized poliovirus as the model system. in the present study, comparative adsorption of a number of different types and strains of human enteroviruses and bacteriophages to nine different soil types was studied. under the experimental conditions of this study, greater than 90% of all viruses adsorbed to a sandy loam ... | 1979 | 42350 |
| antigenic relationship between human and simian rotaviruses. | the simian rotavirus, sa 11, and the murine rotavirus, edim, were investigated for antigenic relatedness to the human rotavirus, by immunoelectron-microscopy. these studies led to the recognition of two types of rotavirus antibody. one agglutinated "rough" virus particles only and was group-reactive; it appears to be widely distributed in various animal species, including human infants. the second antibody agglutinated "smooth" virus particles and was more species-specific, demonstrating only a ... | 1977 | 65473 |
| simian rotavirus (sa 11) in serodiagnosis of human rotavirus infections. | tests were made on 169 sera from children up to 10 years of age for rotavirus antibodies by indirect immunofluorescence and complement fixation tests. the simian strain sa 11 served as a substitute antigen for the human rotavirus. furthermore, the sa 11 complement-fixing antigen was compared with a commercial antigen of the bovine rotavirus strain ncdv. it was demonstrated that sa 11 which can be more easily propagated than most bovine strains, may be used as a substitute antigen in complement f ... | 1979 | 86940 |
| use of antisera against bovine (ncdv) and simian (sa11) rotaviruses in elisa to detect different types of human rotavirus. | two elisa systems for the detection of human rotaviruses were developed. in the first system antibodies to nebraska calf diarrhea virus (ncdv) were used for coating the solid matrix and for the preparation of the enzyme conjugate. in the second system antibodies to human rotavirus and antibodies to simian rotavirus (sa11) were used for coating the solid matrix and for the preparation of the enzyme conjugate respectively. the second elisa system proved to have a broader spectrum for the detection ... | 1979 | 94274 |
| simian rotavirus sa-11 plaque formation in the presence of trypsin. | incorporation of 5 micrograms of trpsin per ml of the overlay (eagle minimal essential medium-0.7% ionagar no. 2) was found to be necessary for plaque formation by simian rotavirus sa-11. plaques of 3 to 4 mm in diameter were produced in ma-104 cells after 5 days of incubation at 37 degrees c. plaque size was even larger (5 to 6 mm) in monolayers of african green monkey kidney cells. addition of diethyl-aminotheyl-dextran, protamine sulfate, or 5-bromodeoxyuridine to the trypsin-containing overl ... | 1979 | 94597 |
| further biochemical characterization, including the detection of surface glycoproteins, of human, calf, and simian rotaviruses. | polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic analysis of purified preparation of the simian rotavirus sa-11 indicated eight polypeptide components that migrated in a manner remarkably similar to those of the previously characterized human and calf rotaviruses. analyses of preparations of single-shelled and double-shelled particles of human, calf, and simian an rotaviruses have also permitted assignment of the polypeptides to the inner or outer shells. the major components of the outer shells of each virus ... | 1977 | 198589 |
| comparison of rotavirus strains by hemagglutination inhibition. | rotaviruses have been shown to be of importance as aetiologic agents of gastroenteritis in infants and in domestic animals of several species. hemagglutinins were prepared from two canadian isolates of bovine rotavirus and from one isolate of a simian rotavirus. a united kingdon isolate of bovine rotavirus was shown not to possess hemagglutinating activity, indicating a strain difference between a canadian and united kingdom bovine rotavirus. in hemagglutination-inhibition (hai) tests a rabbit h ... | 1978 | 205329 |
| hemagglutination by simian rotavirus. | a simian rotavirus (sa-11) was shown to hemagglutinate human group "o" and guinea pig erythrocytes. the hemagglutinin appeared to be associated with the outer capsid of the sa-11 virus and was inhibited by specific hyperimmune anti-sa-11 guinea pig serum. | 1978 | 206575 |
| prevalence of antibodies to a rotavirus in black and white populations in south africa. | a serological survey of antibodies to a rotavirus in 252 sera from black and white south africans was performed by means of an immunofluorescence test using cells infected with simian rotavirus, sa 11, as antigen. the results indicate widespread presence of this agent in south africa and also that the black population is exposed to a greater extent than the white population. | 1978 | 206980 |
| human rotavirus and its antibody: their coexistence in feces of infants. | rotavirus and its antibody were detected by paper disk solid-phase radioimmunoassay or electron microscopy in feces of infants and young children with acute diarrhea. the fecal specimens in which rotavirus was detectable often contained a high titer of antibodies, which were shown by radioimmunoassay to belong mainly to the immunoglobulin g class. rotavirus was rarely detected in the specimens containing immunoglobulin a antibodies. by dissociation tests carried out by radioimmunoassay, it was s ... | 1978 | 207717 |
| simplified radioimmunoassay for detection of human rotavirus in stools. | a simplified radioimmunoassay (ria) technique was developed to facilitate the diagnosis of human rotavirus in stools of infants with diarrhea. this microtiter solid-phase ria utilizes as a critical reagent hyperimmune serum against a tissue culture-grown simian rotavirus that is immunologically closely related to the human agent. one hundred thirteen pediatric stool samples were tested. thiry-five specimens known to be positive for rotavirus by electron microscopy were also positive by ria. all ... | 1978 | 216754 |
| persistence of antibodies to rotavirus in human milk. | human milk obtained from 21 american nursing mothers was studied for the presence of secretory immunoglobulin a antibody to rotavirus, the most common etiological agent of infantile gastroenteritis. antibody was quantitated by adaptation of a recently described solid-phase radioimmunoassay technique that employs simian rotavirus as a convenient substitute antigen for human rotavirus. of the mothers tested, 80% (12 of 15) possessed milk antibody within a week of parturition, whereas 56% of those ... | 1979 | 219020 |
| enhancement of antigen incorporation and infectivity of cell cultures by human rotavirus. | infection of cell cultures with human rotavirus preparations was attempted and the effects of trypsin and low-speed centrifugation on antigen incorporation, as demonstrated by immunofluorescence and radioimmunoassay, were determined. in addition, the effect of viral aggregation on antigen incorporation was investigated by filtering viral preparations. four strains of human rotavirus were employed, and the results were compared to those obtained with two tissue culture-adapted animal rotaviruses. ... | 1979 | 222805 |
| polypeptides of simian rotavirus (sa-11) determined by a continuous polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis method. | simian rotavirus (sa-11) isolated from infected african green monkey kidney cells was separated into two virus fractions in a cscl density gradient and their proteins analysed on a continuous phosphte buffered polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis system. one peak (buoyant density 1.37 g/ml) contained double capsid virus particles which were radioimmunoassay (ria)- and haemagglutinin (ha)- positive and yielded eight polypeptides whose mol. wt. ranged from 48,000 to 128,000. the second peak (buoyant ... | 1979 | 225429 |
| a plaque assay for the simian rotavirus saii. | a sensitive, quantitative and reproducible plaque assay for the measurement of the simian rotavirus saii is described. plaque formation required the presence of the facilitators pancreatin or trypsin and diethylaminoethyl-dextran in the agar overlay. saii produced plaques in three continuous primate cell lines: ma-104, cv-1 and llc-mk2. ma-104 cells were the most sensitive. | 1979 | 225432 |
| comparison of the genomes of simian, bovine, and human rotaviruses by gel electrophoresis and detection of genomic variation among bovine isolates. | by co-electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gels, the segmented double-standed rna genome of the simian rotavirus, sa 11, was compared with those of human and bovine rotaviruses. a comparison between sa 11 virus and the northern ireland cell culture adapted bovine virus showed that the electrophoretic mobilities of each of the 11 corresponding segments differed. in other comparisons, four to seven segment variations were more common. when the genomes of various bovine rotaviruses were compared, eigh ... | 1979 | 225545 |
| [virological and serological study of rotavirus gastroenteritis]. | cases of acute gastroenteritis with negative bacteriological analyses were examined. preparations of feces collected from patients in the acute stage of the disease were found by immune electron microscopy to contain typical rotavirus particles forming specific aggregates in the presence of convalescent sera. examinations of paired acute and convalescent sera of the patients revealed the presence in convalescent sera of specific antibodies neutralizing simian rotavirus sa 11 antigenically relate ... | 1979 | 225885 |
| simian rotavirus sa11 replication in cell cultures. | understanding the basic virology of rotavirus infections has been hampered by the fastidiousness of most isolates and by the lack of a rapid quantitative assay method. the growth characteristics of the simian rotavirus sa11 were studied because it grows to high titers in tissue culture and infectivity can be quantitated by plaque assay. sa11 replication was analyzed in a variety of primary cell cultures or continuous cell lines derived from both homologous and heterologous hosts. viral replicati ... | 1979 | 229253 |
| comparison of hemagglutination-inhibition, complement-fixation and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for quantitation of human rotavirus antibodies. | the hemagglutination-inhibition test for detecting rotavirus antibody was evaluated by using simian rotavirus sa-11 as hemagglutinating antigen. results show that the test is as sensitive as either complement fixation or the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detecting antibody to rotavirus in human sera. | 1979 | 232412 |
| simian rotavirus sa11 strains. | | 1992 | 1310786 |
| prevention of human rotavirus-induced diarrhea in gnotobiotic piglets using bovine antibody. | the efficacy of passively administered bovine antibody for preventing human rotavirus (hrv)-induced diarrhea was investigated using a gnotobiotic pig model. cows were immunized with inactivated hrv serotypes 1 (wa) and 2 (s2) and simian rotavirus serotype 3 (sa11), and immune colostrum and milk were collected. antibody concentrates derived from these materials were fed to germ-free piglets that were subsequently inoculated with hrv wa. both viral shedding and diarrhea were effectively reduced or ... | 1992 | 1313067 |
| expression of the gene coding for the major outer capsid protein of sa-11 rotavirus in a baculovirus system. | the gene coding for the major outer capsid protein (vp7) of simian rotavirus sa-11 has been expressed in a baculovirus-insect cell system. the resulting protein is 35 kda and is primarily associated with the endoplasmic reticulum. neutralizing sa-11 polyclonal antiserum and vp7 monospecific antiserum reacted specifically with the expressed gene product. antiserum derived against the recombinant vp7 protein neutralized sa-11 rotavirus infectivity in a fluorescent focus assay. | 1992 | 1318623 |
| atypical rotavirus genomic patterns identified by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. | two atypical "short" rotavirus genomic profiles were detected in stool specimens following the testing of 84 children with diarrhoea. both rotaviruses were identified as group a, and confirmation was performed by blocking assay using antiserum against simian rotavirus sa-11. this report underscores the importance of screening on the molecular level to detect atypical or unusual rotaviruses that would normally proceed unrecognised by testing with any of the commercial antigen detection kits. | 1992 | 1323592 |
| response of colostrum-deprived cynomolgus monkeys to intragastric challenge exposure with simian rotavirus strain sa11. | the infectivity and pathogenic potential of a cell culture-adapted simian rotavirus was evaluated in colostrum-deprived newborn and infant cynomolgus macaques (macaca fascicularis). intragastric challenge exposure with the simian rotavirus strain sa11 on postpartum day 2 induced diarrhea in 5 of 5 colostrum-deprived newborn monkeys. compared with sham-inoculated controls, 3 of the 5 inoculated monkeys also manifested reduced body weight gain during the initial 5 days after challenge exposure. ro ... | 1992 | 1326241 |
| lack of in vitro interference between sa-11 rotavirus and attenuated poliovirus type 1. | to determine if rotavirus interferes with the multiplication of poliovirus, and hence the efficiency of the polio vaccine, the effect of timing and concentration of simian rotavirus (ssa-11) on polio-1 infection in ma-104 cells was studied in vitro by evaluating the cytopathic effect, the reduction of the infectivity titers and the visualization of viral particles by electron microscopy. we found that poliovirus 1 was able to replicate when the challenge dose was administered within the first 8 ... | 1992 | 1339225 |
| monoclonal antipeptide antibodies recognize epitopes upon vp4 and vp7 of simian rotavirus sa11 in infected ma104 cells. | to study morphogenetic events of rotavirus sa11-infected ma104 cells with strictly defined reagents we produced monoclonal antibodies against synthetic peptides from both outer capsid proteins vp4 (aa residues 228-241: qntrnivpvsivsr) and vp7 (aa residues 319-326: saafyyrv) of simian rotavirus sa11. two of the selected monoclonal antibodies proved to be reactive with determinants of sa11-infected ma104 rhesus monkey kidney cells, with purified sa11 as well as with the particular peptides used fo ... | 1992 | 1370605 |
| evidence for two serotype g3 subtypes among equine rotaviruses. | ten cultivable equine rotavirus isolates, two of north american, six of british, and two of irish origin, were compared with standard rotavirus strains and with each other by cross neutralization, neutralization with a panel of monoclonal antibodies (mabs), hybridization to a simian rotavirus (sa-11) vp7 gene probe, and reaction with rotavirus subgrouping and serotyping mabs in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. six isolates, two of which had previously been serotyped as g3 by other workers, we ... | 1992 | 1371520 |
| [antiviral effect of haemanthus albiflos leaves extract on herpes virus, adenovirus, vesicular stomatitis virus, rotavirus and poliovirus]. | an hydro-alcoholic extract from haemanthus albiflos leaves (amaryllidaceae) was tested for its potential antiviral activity against two dna viruses: herpes simplex virus type i, adenovirus type 5 and three rna viruses: poliovirus type i, vesicular stomatitis virus, simian rotavirus sa 11. positive results were obtained against herpes virus and all the rna viruses tested. | 1991 | 1651069 |
| protection of agammaglobulinemic piglets from porcine rotavirus infection by antibody against simian rotavirus sa-11. | rotavirus, a double-stranded rna virus, has been implicated as a diarrhea-provoking agent in a variety of animal species. several previous reports have shown that immunization with a single serotype may result in increased in vitro neutralization titers against serotypes not represented in the immunogen. this study was undertaken to determine whether antibody from cows immunized against simian rotavirus strain sa-11 (which is alien to pigs) could protect neonatal piglets from infection with a no ... | 1991 | 1653265 |
| comparative growth of different rotavirus strains in differentiated cells (ma104, hepg2, and caco-2). | the production of viral antigen after infection of ma104, hepg2 (derived from human liver), and caco-2 (derived from human colon) cells with various cultivatable human and animal rotavirus strains was compared using immunofluorescence tests. all rotavirus strains examined expressed antigen in caco-2 cells and ma104 cells, but only some virus strains, namely, sa11-cl3 (simian), rrv (simian), cu-1 (canine), and ty1 (turkey), produced antigen in numbers of infected hepg2 cells comparable to infecti ... | 1991 | 1653495 |
| gangliosides as binding sites in sa-11 rotavirus infection of llc-mk2 cells. | the chemical nature of receptors involved in the attachment of simian rotavirus (sa-11) to a monkey kidney cell line (llc-mk2) was investigated. enzymic treatment of cells before virus infection indicated that membrane proteins and phospholipids are not involved in virus attachment, whereas sialic acid and galactose participate in the receptor structure to differing extents. incubation of sa-11 with bovine brain gangliosides before infection strongly reduced its ability to bind to cell membranes ... | 1991 | 1655958 |
| sequence of a rotavirus gene 4 associated with unique biologic properties. | the genome segment 4 of the simian rotavirus variant sa 11-4f was sequenced. this gene is of probable bovine origin, and it contains a few amino acid differences when compared with other sa 11 variants (4 fm and fem) that were isolated independently and that have fast migration patterns of their gene 4 segments. hypotheses for the role of sequence changes are made relative to the unique properties of the sa 11-4f variant. | 1991 | 1656916 |
| [the inactivation of simian rotavirus sa11 with hydrogen peroxide]. | | 1991 | 1665622 |
| [development of a rotavirus vaccine. field trials in venezuela]. | the significance of rotavirus as an agent in acute diarrhea in children is well established, and much effort has been made towards the development of a vaccine for its prevention. in venezuela, between the years 1985 and 1991, 3 different strategies for a rotavirus vaccine testing in children have been evaluated. the first consisted on the utilization of simian rotavirus (rrv-ser 3). this vaccine was found to be innocuous, immunogenic and induced homotypic protection. however, because there are ... | 1991 | 1668865 |
| neutralization epitopes on rotavirus sa11 4fm outer capsid proteins. | the vp7 and vp4 genes of seven antigenic mutants of simian rotavirus sa11 4fm (serotype 3) selected after 39 passages in the presence of sa11 4fm hyperimmune antiserum, were sequenced. nucleotide sequence analysis indicated the following. (i) twice as many amino acid substitutions occurred in the vp7 protein than in vp4, which has a molecular weight twice that of vp7. (ii) most amino acid changes that occurred clustered in six variable regions of vp7 and in two variable regions of vp4; these var ... | 1990 | 1696640 |
| acridine orange metachromasia in the cytoplasm of simian rotavirus (sa-11)-infected ma-104 cell cultures. | 1. acridine orange metachromasia was used to determine the distribution of simian rotavirus double-stranded rna in cultured ma-104 cells 0 to 72 h post-infection. correlations were made among time of detection and amount of viral antigens, virus yield and the ultrastructural aspects of infected cells. 2. rnaase-resistant cytoplasmic metachromasia appeared 48 h post-infection, 36 h after the initial detection of viral antigens or infectious virions and 24 h after the appearance of the cytopathic ... | 1990 | 1698493 |
| preparation and characterization of a neutralizing monoclonal antibody directed to vp4 of rotavirus strain k8 which has unique vp4 neutralization epitopes. | for selecting the neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (n-mabs) directed to vp4 of rotavirus strain k8, which has unique vp4 neutralization epitopes, we prepared several reassortant viruses by mixed infection of two different strains k8 (serotype 1) and p (serotype 3) in vitro: three reassortant clones having vp4 of k8 and vp7 of p and four clones having vp4 of p and vp7 of k8. by using these reassortants in screening hybridomas, a n-mab (k8-2c12) directed to strain k8-specific vp4 was obtained. t ... | 1991 | 1722090 |
| vp4 monotype specificities among porcine rotavirus strains of the same vp4 serotype. | the porcine rotavirus osu strain was used to produce monoclonal antibodies (mabs) directed against the outer capsid protein vp4. from two separate fusions, eight mabs that inhibited hemagglutination activity of the osu strain were selected. all mabs immunoprecipitated both the osu vp4 protein derived from a lysate of infected ma104 cells and the osu vp4 protein expressed in sf9 cells by a recombinant baculovirus. by immunoprecipitation of in vitro-translated osu gene 4 transcripts of different l ... | 1991 | 1847483 |
| [plants as a source of research in antiviral activity. example of the haemanthus albiflos bulb]. | the antiviral potency of an hydroalcoholic extract from haemanthus albiflos (amaryllidaceae) bulb was investigated. experimentations were conducted on continuous cell lines (bgm, ma 104, hep 2) seeded in microplates. three viruses from the rna group (poliovirus type i, vesicular stomatitis virus type 11 and simian rotavirus sa 11) and two from the dna group (adenovirus type 5, herpes simplex virus type 1) were tested. important reduction in yield of viral infectivity was observed with the rna gr ... | 1991 | 1933468 |
| evidence for equimolar synthesis of double-strand rna and minus-strand rna in rotavirus-infected cells. | the genome of the rotaviruses consists of eleven segments of double-strand rna (dsrna). each segment is replicated asymmetrically with viral plus-strand rna, i.e. messenger (m)rna, serving as the template for the synthesis of minus-strand rna to produce dsrna. to examine the relative frequency of replication of each of the eleven genome segments, ma104 cells were infected with low (3rd) and high (12th) passage stocks of simian rotavirus sa11. the total cytoplasmic rna of the infected cell was ra ... | 1990 | 1963957 |
| conservation of a potential metal binding motif despite extensive sequence diversity in the rotavirus nonstructural protein ns53. | the nucleotide sequence for the simian rotavirus sa11 gene segment 5 has been determined. the gene is 1611 nucleotides in length and contains a single open reading frame of 1485 nucleotides. the segment codes for the nonstructural protein ns53 which is predicted to be a polypeptide of 495 amino acids with a molecular weight of 58,484. when compared to the sequence of bovine rf gene segment 5 there are homologies of only 49 and 36% at the nucleotide and amino acid levels, respectively. this is in ... | 1990 | 2154894 |
| superinfecting rotaviruses are not excluded from genetic interactions during asynchronous mixed infections in vitro. | asynchronous infections of ma104 cells with temperature-sensitive (ts) mutants of simian rotavirus sa11 were performed to determine if the superinfecting ts mutant could contribute to the formation of reassortant progeny. significant yields of ts+ reassortant progeny were obtained in crosses where infection with the first and second ts mutant was separated by as much as 24 hr, indicating that superinfecting viruses were not excluded from participation in genetic interactions. the practical and t ... | 1990 | 2158696 |
| a recombinant vaccinia virus expressing the major capsid protein of simian rotavirus-induced anti-rotavirus antibodies. | cdna molecules encoding the major structural protein (vp6) of the simian rotavirus sa11 were inserted under the control of the vaccinia virus 7.5 kda promoter into the thymidine kinase gene. synthesis of vp6 was demonstrated by immunoprecipitation of recombinant virus-infected cell. mice inoculated via several routes with this recombinant vaccinia produce high titers of antirotavirus antibodies lacking neutralizing activity. | 1990 | 2160766 |
| rotavirus rna replication: single-stranded rna extends from the replicase particle. | the rotavirus genome consists of 11 segments of dsrna that are replicated asymmetrically with plus strand rna serving as the template for minus strand rna synthesis. in this study, we have used non-denaturing gel electrophoresis to examine subviral particles that synthesize dsrna (replicase particles), for possible changes in structure during rna replication. analysis of svps purified from simian rotavirus sa11-infected ma104 cells and resolved on 0.6% agarose gels containing 50 mm-tris-glycine ... | 1990 | 2161046 |
| completion of the genomic sequence of the simian rotavirus sa11: nucleotide sequences of segments 1, 2, and 3. | the nucleotide sequences for gene segments 1, 2, and 3 of the simian rotavirus sa11 genome, coding for the structural polypeptides vp1, vp2, and vp3, respectively, have been determined. comparison of the vp1 and vp2 amino acid sequences with those determined for other strains indicates that certain features of these proteins are conserved. the possible functions of the viral polypeptides vp1, vp2, and vp3 are discussed in the light of enzyme functions known to be present in the rotavirus particl ... | 1990 | 2162107 |
| polypeptide composition of rotavirus empty capsids and their possible use as a subunit vaccine. | two types of empty capsid particles that differed with respect to the presence of the two outer shell proteins were isolated from ma-104 cells infected with bovine rotavirus v1005. three previously uncharacterized polypeptides, i, ii, and iii, migrating between vp2 and vp6, were detected in empty capsids but not in single- and double-shelled rotavirus particles. peptide mapping revealed that all three proteins were related to vp2. polypeptides i, ii, and iii could be generated by in vitro trypsi ... | 1990 | 2164590 |
| intracellular rna synthesis directed by temperature-sensitive mutants of simian rotavirus sa11. | the kinetics of intracellular synthesis of single-stranded (ss) rna and double-stranded (ds) rna directed by prototype temperature-sensitive (ts) mutants representing the 10 mutant groups of rotavirus sa11 were examined. cells were infected with individual mutants or wild type under one-step growth conditions and maintained at permissive temperature (31 degrees) or nonpermissive temperature (39 degrees). at various times postinfection, infected cells were pulse-labeled, ssrna and dsrna were puri ... | 1990 | 2167546 |
| rotavirus rna replication: vp2, but not vp6, is necessary for viral replicase activity. | temperature-sensitive mutants of simian rotavirus sa11 were previously developed and organized into 10 of a possible 11 recombination groups on the basis of genome reassortment studies. two of these mutants, tsf and tsg, map to genes encoding vp2 (segment 2) and vp6 (segment 6), respectively. to gain insight into the role of these proteins in genome replication, ma104 cells were infected with tsf or tsg and then maintained at permissive temperature (31 degrees c) until 9 h postinfection, when so ... | 1990 | 2168982 |
| sequences in rotavirus glycoprotein vp7 that mediate delayed translocation and retention of the protein in the endoplasmic reticulum. | glycosylation and translocation of the simian rotavirus protein vp7, a resident er protein, does not occur co-translationally in vivo. in pulse-chase experiments in cos cells, nonglycosylated vp7 was still detectable after a 25-min chase period, although the single glycosylation site was only 18 residues beyond the signal peptide cleavage site. after labeling, glycosylated and nonglycosylated vp7 was recovered in microsomes but the latter was sensitive to trypsin (i.e., the nascent protein becam ... | 1990 | 2170420 |
| using different sorbents for the concentration of enteroviruses. | comparative investigations were carried out to evaluate the efficiency of concentration (ec) of enteroviruses (poliovirus type 1 and simian rotavirus sa-11) using macroporous glass (brands mpg-1000 vgkh, ussr, and so1, czechoslovakia) and membrane filters (mf): (nitrocellulose pnts 0.45, ussr, millipore hawp 0.45, usa, synpor 0.45, czechoslovakia as well as polycapromide mf pall 0.2, frg, and fmpa 0.55, ussr). to assess the sorption properties of filters, poliovirus preparations and rabbit serum ... | 1990 | 2170506 |
| sequence of the serotype-specific glycoprotein of the human rotavirus wa strain and comparison with other human rotavirus serotypes. | complementary dna was synthesized from the double-stranded rna of the wa strain of human rotavirus and inserted into the bacterial plasmid pbr322. clones which contained the gene that codes for the viral glycoprotein (vp7) were identified and the nucleotide sequence was determined. the gene was 1062 base pairs in length with an open reading frame which coded for 326 amino acids. two potential glycosylation sites were found as well as two hydrophobic regions at the n-terminus of the polypeptide. ... | 1985 | 2412362 |
| characteristics of an sa 11 rotavirus variant differing in the outer capsid glycoprotein. | the ease with which variants of rotaviruses arise has been further illustrated by the isolation of a variant of simian rotavirus sa 11 differing in the major outer capsid glycoprotein vp7. the difference in mol.wt. between vp7 of the variant (sta virus) and sa 11 virus was 3 x 10(3), with this polypeptide of sta virus still retaining the mannose-rich carbohydrate moiety. limited proteolytic analysis using staphylococcus aureus v.8 protease and trypsin also showed a difference in structure betwee ... | 1985 | 2412538 |
| passive protection against rotavirus-induced diarrhea by monoclonal antibodies to surface proteins vp3 and vp7. | monoclonal antibodies directed against two rotavirus surface proteins (vp3 and vp7) as well as a rotavirus inner capsid protein (vp6) were tested for their ability to protect suckling mice against virulent rotavirus challenge. monoclonal antibodies to two distinct epitopes of vp7 of simian rotavirus strain rrv neutralized rrv in vitro and passively protected suckling mice against rrv challenge. a monoclonal antibody directed against vp3 of porcine rotavirus strain osu neutralized three distinct ... | 1986 | 2422398 |
| synthesis of simian rotavirus sa11 double-stranded rna in a cell-free system. | a cell-free system was developed to study the replication of simian rotavirus sa11. the components of the system included (i) subviral particles prepared from infected cells to template the synthesis of viral rna and (ii) an mrna-dependent rabbit reticulocyte lysate to support protein synthesis. based upon nuclease-sensitivity, approximately 20% of the rna made in vitro was double-stranded (dsrna) and 80% single-stranded (ssrna). electrophoretic analysis of the rna products on polyacrylamide and ... | 1986 | 2437720 |
| electron microscopy procedure influences detection of rotaviruses. | technical parameters of electron microscope staining procedures (type of stain, ph of stain, and time of staining) influence particle integrity for three groups of rotaviruses. simian rotavirus sa11 (group a), chinese adult diarrhea rotavirus and porcine rotavirus-like agent (group b), and porcine pararotavirus (group c) were tested. all rotavirus strains were quite stable in uranyl acetate and phosphotungstic acid at ph 4.5 and relatively stable in ammonium molybdate. however, staining with pho ... | 1987 | 2444622 |
| the outer capsid glycoprotein vp7 of simian rotavirus sa11 contains two distinct neutralization epitopes. | seven neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mabs) to the rotavirus simian agent 11 were produced. although displaying variable degrees of haemagglutination-inhibiting activity, they were shown by radioimmunoprecipitation and western blot analyses to react with the major outer capsid glycoprotein (vp7). in competition binding assays, mabs defined two distinct vp7 epitopes, which appeared to be close to each other or partially overlapping. in addition, mabs of the two epitope groups enhanced binding ... | 1988 | 2451709 |
| cross-reactive and serotype-specific neutralization epitopes on vp7 of human rotavirus: nucleotide sequence analysis of antigenic mutants selected with monoclonal antibodies. | the neutralization epitopes of human and simian rotavirus protein vp7 were studied by producing six neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (n-mabs) and using these n-mabs to select antigenic mutants that resisted neutralization by the n-mabs used for their selection. cross-neutralization tests between the n-mabs and the antibody-selected antigenic mutants identified one cross-reactive and five distinct serotype-specific neutralization epitopes which operationally overlapped one another and constitut ... | 1988 | 2452893 |
| functional and topographical analyses of epitopes on the hemagglutinin (vp4) of the simian rotavirus sa11. | an immunochemical analysis of the hemagglutinin (vp4) of the simian rotavirus sa11 was performed to better understand the structure and function of this molecule. following immunization of mice with double-shelled virus particles and vp4-enriched fractions from cscl gradients, a battery of anti-sa11 hybridomas was generated. a total of 13 clones secreting high levels of anti-vp4 monoclonal antibody (mab) was characterized and compared with two cross-reactive anti-vp4 mabs generated against heter ... | 1988 | 2452900 |
| [development of test systems of immunoenzyme analysis for the rapid diagnosis of rotavirus infection]. | a test system of enzyme immunoassay (eia) consisting of simian rotavirus sa-11 and rabbit antiserum has been developed for the detection of rotavirus antigen. direct eia was used for tests on stool specimens from 289 children varying in ages from 10 days to 12 years suffering from acute enteric infections and 56 normal children. the antigen was detected in 22.1% and 3.5%, respectively, in patients predominantly in the first 3 days of the disease and most frequently in cases running as gastroente ... | 1988 | 2461616 |
| preparation and characterization of monoclonal antibodies to rotavirus. | by utilizing a strain of cultivable simian rotavirus (sa-11) as an immunizing antigen, we prepared 4 clones of mouse-mouse hybridoma, namely c127, c139, c172, and c214 which secreted monoclonal antibodies against the immunogen itself, sa-11 and also against other group a strains such as wa and s2. western blot analyses revealed that all of these antibodies are directed against vp6, a 42 kda major inner capsid protein of group a rotavirus. competitive experiments suggested that c127, c172 and c21 ... | 1989 | 2469693 |
| complete nucleotide sequence of the gene encoding vp4 of a human rotavirus (strain k8) which has unique vp4 neutralization epitopes. | in our previous study (k. taniguchi, y. morita, t. urasawa, and s. urasawa, j. virol. 62:2421-2426, 1987) in which the cross-reactive neutralization epitopes on vp4 of human rotaviruses were analyzed, one strain, k8, was found to bear unique vp4 neutralization epitopes. this strain, which belongs to subgroup ii and serotype 1, was not neutralized by any of six anti-vp4 neutralizing monoclonal antibodies which reacted with human rotavirus strains of serotypes 1, 3, and 4 or serotypes 1 through 4. ... | 1989 | 2474677 |
| the in vitro antiviral activity of isoprinosine on simian rotavirus (sa-11). | 1. the antiviral effect of isoprinosine on simian rotavirus (sa-11) replication was studied using ma-104 cell cultures from rhesus monkey fetal kidney. 2. isoprinosine (n,n-dimethylamino-2-propanol-p-acetamidobenzoate in association with inosine) added after viral infection (therapeutic test) inhibited viral replication by more than 90%. in these experiments, the drug was added to the medium and replaced daily at concentrations varying from 62.5 micrograms/ml to 1 mg/ml. viral inhibition activit ... | 1989 | 2483980 |
| detection of anti-rotavirus igg, igm, and iga antibodies in healthy subjects, rotavirus infections, and immunodeficiencies by immunoblotting. | immune responses to individual simian rotavirus (sa 11) structural polypeptides were studied with emphasis on specific igg, igm, and iga in paired sera from four children with rotavirus infections. responses to simian rotavirus (sa 11) were also studied in 103 healthy children, 10 patients with primary immunodeficiency who received intravenous immunoglobulin, and 11 human immunodeficiency virus antibody-positive patients. all samples were immunoblotted for two major polypeptides--vp2 and vp6--of ... | 1989 | 2537874 |
| complete nucleotide sequence of the simian rotavirus sa11 vp4 gene. | | 1989 | 2538804 |
| biological and immunological characterization of a simian rotavirus sa11 variant with an altered genome segment 4. | we have studied a variant virus isolated from a stock of sa11 virus (h. g. pereira, r. s. azeredo, a. m. fialho, and m. n. p. vidal, 1984, j. gen. virol. 65, 815-818). this virus, designated 4f, was initially identified by its faster electrophoretic mobility for genome segment 4. the variant was analyzed to determine if the altered electrophoretic mobility of genome segment 4 could be correlated with phenotypic changes. comparison of our standard laboratory sa11 virus (clone 3) with the 4f varia ... | 1989 | 2539699 |
| simple method for the detoxification of wastewater ultrafiltration concentrates for rotavirus assay by indirect immunofluorescence. | a simple method for the detoxification of ultrafiltration concentrates of wastewaters for rotavirus assay by the indirect immunofluorescence technique has been developed. polyacrylamide (bio-gel) or dextran (sephadex g50) beads were mixed with concentrates (0.5 g/10 ml, wt/vol) of wastewaters seeded with simian rotavirus sa11 and allowed to stand for 2 h. the supernatant was decontaminated with antibiotics and then assayed for rotaviruses. concentrates from raw sewage and treated effluents seede ... | 1989 | 2541662 |
| phenotypes of rotavirus reassortants depend upon the recipient genetic background. | we have previously characterized the biological and immunological properties of a simian rotavirus sa11 variant (4f) with an altered genome segment 4. the sa11-4f variant formed large plaques in the presence of protease, formed small clear plaques in the absence of protease, and grew to high titer in the presence of protease when compared to our standard wild type (sa11 clone 3). to determine the genome segment of the rotavirus sa11 variant 4f that encoded the unique protease-associated phenotyp ... | 1989 | 2542946 |
| comparison of three protein a-gold immune electron microscopy methods for detecting rotaviruses. | three immune electron microscopic (iem) methods employing protein a-colloidal gold (pag) were compared with direct electron microscopy (dem) and direct iem (diem) techniques for their abilities to detect simian rotavirus (sa11) and human rotavirus. using pag iem the number of rotavirus particles per grid square was 10 to 50 times and 2 to 5 times higher than observed with dem and diem, respectively. a comparison of sensitivities among the three pag iem methods showed that the trapping efficiency ... | 1989 | 2550499 |
| cloning and expression of the major inner capsid protein of sa-11 simian rotavirus in escherichia coli. | the major inner capsid protein (vp6) of sa-11 simian rotavirus has been expressed in escherichia coli using a cloned cdna derived from sa-11 double-stranded rna segment 6. the cloned gene was fused to the n-terminal coding sequence of lacz resulting in the synthesis of a 44-kda protein. several smaller polypeptides were also observed, resulting predominantly from transcription and translation within the gene 6 coding sequence. the recombinant vp6 proved to be antigenic by immunoblot analysis usi ... | 1989 | 2551775 |
| passive immunity modulates genetic reassortment between rotaviruses in mixedly infected mice. | genetic reassortment between simian rotavirus sa11 and rhesus rotavirus (rrv) occurs with high frequency following mixed infection of nonimmune suckling mice (j. l. gombold and r. f. ramig, j. virol. 57:110-116, 1986). we examined the effects of passively acquired homotypic or heterotypic immunity on reassortment in vivo. passively immune suckling mice obtained from dams immune to either serotype 3 simian rotavirus (sa11) or serotype 6 bovine rotavirus (ncdv) were infected orally with either sa1 ... | 1989 | 2552138 |
| receptor activity of rotavirus nonstructural glycoprotein ns28. | rotavirus morphogenesis involves the budding of subviral particles through the rough endoplasmic reticulum (rer) membrane of infected cells. during this process, particles acquire the outer capsid proteins and a transient envelope. previous immunocytochemical and biochemical studies have suggested that a rotavirus nonstructural glycoprotein, ns28, encoded by genome segment 10, is a transmembrane rer protein and that about 10,000 mr of its carboxy terminus is exposed on the cytoplasmic side of th ... | 1989 | 2552139 |
| rotavirus gene detection with biotinylated single-stranded rna probes. | biotinylated single-stranded rna probes from two of the eleven genome segments of the simian rotavirus sa11 were synthesized from cloned dna and used in dot-blot and northern-blot hybridization assays. different types of membranes and conditions to prepare and use synthetic non-radioactive transcript probes were evaluated to obtain optimal test results. nytran membranes showed the highest sensitivity and lowest backgrounds for hybridization with biotinylated rna probes. when a gene 6 single-stra ... | 1989 | 2552300 |
| nucleotide sequence of the simian rotavirus sa11 genome segment 3. | | 1989 | 2552420 |
| characterization of rotavirus replication intermediates: a model for the assembly of single-shelled particles. | the segmented double-stranded (ds)rna genome of the rotaviruses is replicated asymmetrically with viral mrna serving as the template for minus-strand rna synthesis. to identify intermediate structures in rotavirus replication, subviral particles (svps) purified from the cytoplasm of simian rotavirus sa11-infected cells were assayed for rna polymerase activity in a cell-free system that supports viral rna replication. intact svps containing newly made rna were resolved by electrophoresis under no ... | 1989 | 2552662 |
| detection of anti rotavirus coproantibodies by immunoblotting technique. | iga and igg coproantibodies to individual simian rotavirus (sa 11) structural polypeptides were detected in healthy infants in nursery homes. the number of immunoblottable peptides differed from individual to individual. coproantibodies were also detected at the convalescent stage of rotavirus infection in two patients but not during the acute stage. this method is useful for confirming the diagnosis of rotavirus infection serologically without the need for paired sera. | 1989 | 2557382 |
| viruses with bisegmented double-stranded rna in pig faeces. | viruses similar to the bisegmented double-stranded (ds) rna picobirnaviruses described in human faeces and the intestinal contents of oryzomys nigripes rats and guinea pigs were isolated from the faeces of pigs taken from several areas in the state of sao paulo, brazil. samples were collected from 912 pigs of several breeds, aged nine to 61 days, and assayed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with silver staining and a combined enzyme immunoassay for rotavirus and adenovirus, using the simian ... | 1989 | 2687991 |
| infectivity and antigenicity reduction rates of human rotavirus strain wa in fresh waters. | the rates of inactivation of human rotavirus type 2 (strain wa) (hrv-wa) and poliovirus type 1 (strain chat) were compared in polluted waters (creek water and secondary effluent before chlorination) and nonpolluted waters (lake water, groundwater, and chlorinated tap water). viral infectivity titers were determined by plaque assays, while hrv-wa antigenicity also was monitored by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. both viruses persisted longest in lake water and shortest in tap water. the act ... | 1987 | 2821902 |
| synthesis of plus- and minus-strand rna in rotavirus-infected cells. | the genomes of the rotaviruses consist of 11 segments of double-stranded rna. during rna replication, the viral plus-strand rna serves as the template for minus-strand rna synthesis. to characterize the kinetics of rna replication, the synthesis and steady-state levels of viral plus- and minus-strand rna and double-stranded rna in simian rotavirus sa11-infected ma104 cells were analyzed by electrophoresis on 1.75% agarose gels containing 6 m urea (ph 3.0). synthesis of viral plus-strand and minu ... | 1987 | 2822955 |
| inactivation of human and simian rotaviruses by ozone. | the inactivation of simian rotavirus sa-11 and human rotavirus type 2 (wa) by ozone was compared at 4 degrees c by using single-particle virus stocks. although the human strain was clearly more sensitive, both virus types were rapidly inactivated by ozone concentrations of 0.25 mg/liter or greater at all ph levels tested. comparison of the virucidal activity of ozone with that of chlorine in identical experiments indicated little significant difference in rotavirus-inactivating efficiencies when ... | 1987 | 2823709 |
| expression of bovine rotavirus neutralization antigen in escherichia coli. | a 646 bp fragment derived from a full length cdna clone of genomic segment 9 of bovine rotavirus (ncdv strain) was inserted into escherichia coli expression plasmid pex1. the fragment encodes amino acids 50 to 265 of the major vital neutralization antigen vp7, a 326 amino acid long outer shell glycoprotein. several transformed bacterial clones were isolated in which the recombinant plasmid directed the synthesis of a cro-beta-galactosidase-vp7 fusion protein that was recognized by rabbit polyclo ... | 1987 | 2824674 |
| assignment of simian rotavirus sa11 temperature-sensitive mutant groups a, c, f, and g to genome segments. | crosses were performed between prototype temperature-sensitive (ts) mutants of simian rotavirus sa11 representing reassortment groups a, c, f, and g and ts mutants of rhesus rotavirus rrv that belonged to different reassortment groups. wild-type (ts+) reassortant progeny were identified by plaque formation at nonpermissive temperature (39 degrees), picked, and grown to high titer. the ts+ phenotype of the resulting progeny clones was verified by titration at 39 degrees and 31 degrees. the electr ... | 1987 | 2825418 |
| identification of the simian rotavirus sa11 genome segment 3 product. | previous studies on rotavirus gene-coding assignments failed to clearly identify the simian rotavirus sa11 genome segment 3 protein product. this question was reexamined by using new conditions of electrophoresis with improved resolution of proteins in the high-molecular-weight range. our results showed that the sa11 genome segment 3 codes for a protein with an apparent mol wt of 88,000. this protein normally comigrates with the protein product of genome segment 4. the gene 3 protein was located ... | 1988 | 2831664 |
| characterization of binding of simian rotavirus sa-11 to cultured epithelial cells. | rotavirus causes enteritis in both man and animals. the identity of the rotavirus receptor is not known. the nature of the binding interaction and the relationship between virus binding and internalization have not previously been reported. we studied the binding of [5,6-3h]uridine-labeled rotavirus sa11 to confluent monolayers of ma104 cells. we found approximately 13,000 receptor units per cell. the binding was sodium-dependent, ph-insensitive between 5.5 and 8, independent of added calcium, a ... | 1988 | 2832584 |
| three-dimensional structure of rotavirus. | the three-dimensional structures of double and single-shelled simian rotavirus have been determined to a resolution of 40 a by image processing electron micrographs of unstained, unfixed virus particles embedded in vitreous ice. this study demonstrates that the icosahedral surface lattices in these structures have a triangulation number of 13 in a left-handed configuration. the double-shelled virion has a smooth outer surface with 60 slender spikes. the single-shelled virion, in contrast, exhibi ... | 1988 | 2832610 |
| topography of the simian rotavirus nonstructural glycoprotein (ns28) in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. | the simian rotavirus sa11 genome segment 10 codes for a nonstructural glycoprotein, ns28, that has been hypothesized to be involved in budding of viral particles into the endoplasmic reticulum (er) membrane. previous studies had suggested that ns28 is an integral membrane protein of the er, possibly a transmembrane protein. we have examined the topography of ns28 inserted in microsomal membranes following cell-free translation of genome segment 10 transcripts. these transcripts were obtained eit ... | 1988 | 2835861 |
| cross-neutralizing antibodies induced by single serotype vaccination of cows with rotavirus. | single serotype vaccination of mature cows with nine different strains of bovine, simian and human rotaviruses induced heterotypic milk and serum neutralizing antibodies against two bovine and four human rotavirus serotypes. immunization with single-shelled simian rotavirus sa11 increased milk and serum neutralization titres fivefold over those of control cows, without inducing antibodies to outer shell polypeptides of rotavirus. vaccination with double-shelled sa11 virions also elicited cross-r ... | 1988 | 2839600 |
| simian rotavirus sa11 segment 11 contains overlapping reading frames. | | 1988 | 2840642 |
| polyethylene glycol precipitation for recovery of pathogenic viruses, including hepatitis a virus and human rotavirus, from oyster, water, and sediment samples. | polyethylene glycol 6000 precipitation was found to be an effective concentration method that enhanced the chances for detecting human virus pathogens in environmental samples. percent recoveries from eluates of fresh and estuarine waters with 8% polyethylene glycol 6000 averaged 86 for hepatitis a virus, 77 for human rotavirus wa, 87 for simian rotavirus sa11, and 68 for poliovirus. percent recoveries of 97, 40, 97 and 105, respectively, for the same viruses were obtained from oyster eluates by ... | 1988 | 2845860 |
| the present status of rotavirus vaccine development. | rotavirus infection is one of the most important causes of morbidity in young children throughout the world. the high associated mortality in southeast asia (and elsewhere) warrants the development of a vaccine. it is probable that most of the life-threatening watery diarrhoea due to rotavirus infection occurs as a result of primary infection in children aged 6-18 months after protection due to maternal antibody has diminished. thus rotavirus vaccines are targeted at young infants from birth to ... | 1988 | 2851184 |
| [isolation of immunoglobulins from the egg yolk of hens immunized with intestinal viruses]. | antibodies from the yolk of eggs of chicken immunized with enteric viruses (simian rotavirus sa 11, poliomyelitis virus type 2, and coxsackie b2) were obtained. the time course of the emergence and amplification of antibody in the yolk was followed for several months by neutralization tests and enzyme immunoassay. the long-term persistence of a high antibody level in the yolk, the simplicity of generation of large amounts of chromatographically pure preparations, as well as specificity of chicke ... | 1988 | 2854680 |
| serological evidence of rotavirus infection in a guinea pig colony. | antibodies reacting with simian rotavirus sa11 were detected by enzyme immunoassay (eia) and western blot assay (wba) in sera from guinea pigs bred for experimental use at the fundação oswaldo cruz, rio de janeiro, brazil. the proportion of antibody-positive animals and the antibody titres rose sharply in 1985, were maintained at a high levels in 1986 and declined in 1987. there were no obvious signs of disease coinciding with serological evidence of infection. results of wba suggest that the vi ... | 1988 | 2856077 |
| uv inactivation of pathogenic and indicator microorganisms. | survival was measured as a function of the dose of germicidal uv light for the bacteria escherichia coli, salmonella typhi, shigella sonnei, streptococcus faecalis, staphylococcus aureus, and bacillus subtilis spores, the enteric viruses poliovirus type 1 and simian rotavirus sa11, the cysts of the protozoan acanthamoeba castellanii, as well as for total coliforms and standard plate count microorganisms from secondary effluent. the doses of uv light necessary for a 99.9% inactivation of the cult ... | 1985 | 2990336 |
| detection of rotaviruses by nucleic acid hybridization with cloned dna of simian rotavirus sa11 genes. | we developed a dot-blot hybridization assay to detect rotaviral rna sequences in tissue culture or in clinical samples. 32p-labeled cloned cdna probes of the simian rotavirus sa11 specifically detected rotaviral rna sequences and were more sensitive for detecting sa11 than was the commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay rotazyme test. a full-length probe of sa11 gene 6 detected 2.5 x 10(5) sa11 particles or approximately 0.27 ng of purified sa11 dsrna. combined probes from genes 6 and 9 det ... | 1985 | 2993434 |
| inactivation of norwalk virus in drinking water by chlorine. | norwalk virus in water was found to be more resistant to chlorine inactivation than poliovirus type 1 (lsc2ab), human rotavirus (wa), simian rotavirus (sa11), or f2 bacteriophage. a 3.75 mg/liter dose of chlorine was found to be effective against other viruses but failed to inactivate norwalk virus. the norwalk virus inoculum remained infectious for five of eight volunteers, despite the initial presence of free residual chlorine. infectivity in volunteers was demonstrated by seroconversion to no ... | 1985 | 2996421 |
| assignment of simian rotavirus sa11 temperature-sensitive mutant groups b and e to genome segments. | recombinant (reassortant) viruses were selected from crosses between temperature-sensitive (ts) mutants of simian rotavirus sa11 and wild-type human rotavirus wa. the double-stranded genome rnas of the reassortants were examined by electrophoresis in tris-glycine-buffered polyacrylamide gels and by dot hybridization with a cloned dna probe for genome segment 2. analysis of replacements of genome segments in the reassortants allowed construction of a map correlating genome segments providing func ... | 1985 | 2998007 |
| structural homologies between rna gene segments 10 and 11 from uk bovine, simian sa11, and human wa rotaviruses. | the nucleotide sequences of gene segments 10 and 11 from uk bovine rotavirus have been determined. gene 10 is 751 nucleotides long and contains a single long open reading frame capable of coding for a protein of 175 amino acids. when compared with the published data for gene 10 of the simian rotavirus sa11 and human wa strains it was found to be more closely related to the sa11 structure (92% nucleotide sequence homology; 97% amino acid sequence homology) than to the human wa structure (84% nucl ... | 1985 | 2998051 |
| release of progeny virus from cells infected with simian rotavirus sa11. | analysis of cells infected with simian rotavirus sa11 at late times of infection indicated that the particles were associated with membranes and the cytoskeleton. although a large amount of cellular and non-structural viral proteins were released at these times, probably by cellular lysis, only virus with an outer layer was found outside the cells, while virus without an outer layer remained associated with the cells, probably with membranes and the cytoskeleton. inhibition of glycosylation by t ... | 1985 | 2999314 |
| analysis of reassortment of genome segments in mice mixedly infected with rotaviruses sa11 and rrv. | seven-day-old cd-1 mice born to seronegative dams were orally inoculated with a mixture of wild-type simian rotavirus sa11 and wild-type rhesus rotavirus rrv. at various times postinfection, progeny clones were randomly isolated from intestinal homogenates by limiting dilution. analysis of genome rnas by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was used to identify and genotype reassortant progeny. reassortment of genome segments was observed in 252 of 662 (38%) clones analyzed from in vivo mixed infe ... | 1986 | 3001336 |
| identification of the two rotavirus genes determining neutralization specificities. | bovine rotavirus ncdv and simian rotavirus sa-11 represent two distinct rotavirus serotypes. a genetic approach was used to determine which viral gene segments segregated with serotype-specific viral neutralization. there were 16 reassortant rotaviruses derived by coinfection of ma-104 cells in vitro with the sa-11 and ncdv strains. the parental origin of reassortant rotavirus double-stranded rna segments was determined by gene segment mobility in polyacrylamide gels and by hybridization with ra ... | 1986 | 3001359 |