| preparation of covalently closed and open circular dna molecules of phage lambda. | | 1976 | 4146 |
| characterization of some pneumococcal bacteriophages. | the growth of pneumococcal phages at high cell and phage densities is enhanced strongly by the substitution of potassium for sodium in the medium. initial titers of 2 x 10(10) to 4 x 10(10) pfu/ml are readily obtained, and concentrated stocks are stable in a storage buffer described here. the mechanism of the cation effect is obscure. phages omega3 and omega8 each have linear double-stranded dna of 33 x 10(6) daltons per particle, with an apparent guanine plus cytosine content of 47 to 49 mol%, ... | 1976 | 8652 |
| isolation and characterization of two sequence-specific endonucleases from anabaena variabilis. | two endonucleases, avai and avaii, were isolated from anabaena variabilis on the basis of their ability to make a limited number of breaks at specific points in bacteriophage lambda dna. neither enzyme has cofactor requirements beyond mg2+. endonuclease avai makes eight breaks in the phage lambda chromosome at which the 5'-terminal sequence is ppy-c-g-n. avaii endonuclease cuts phage lambda dna more extensively, yielding fragments with the 5'-terminal sequence g-t-c-n or g-a-c-n. neither enzyme ... | 1976 | 11780 |
| capsid transformation during packaging of bacteriophage lambdadna. | assembly pathways of complex viruses might not be simple additions of one protein after another with rigid tertiary structure. it might in fact involve shifts in subunit structure, movement of subunits relative to each other to form new arrangements, transient action of proteins and protein segments, involvement of structure forming 'microenvironments' of the host. thus morphogenesis of the bacteriophage lambda head starts with the formation of a core-containing dna-free petit lambda particle. i ... | 1976 | 13435 |
| partial purification of the escherichia coli k-12 mec+ deoxyribonucleic acid-cytosine methylase: in vitro methylation completely protects bacteriophage lambda deoxyribonucleic acid against cleavage by r-ecorii. | a procedure is described for the partial purification of the deoxyribonucleic acid (dna)-cytosine methylases controlled by the rii plasmid and by the escherichia coli mec+ gene. the two enzymes exhibit similar but distinct chromatographic behavior on diethylaminoethyl-cellulose and phosphocellulose. preliminary studies on the two methylases indicate that they are indistinguishable with respect to their km for s-adenosylmethionine and their ph (in tris (hydroxymethyl)aminomethane buffer) and nacl ... | 1977 | 14921 |
| base specific fractionation of double stranded dna: affinity chromatography on a novel type of adsorbant. | a material suitable for base-pair-specific "affinity chromatography" of double stranded dna is described. the synthesis of this material involves two successive polymerization reactions yielding solid particles of cross-linked bisacrylamide to which base-pair-specific dyes are covalently attached by spacers of polyacrylamide chains of different length. materials with immobilized a.t-specific malachite green or g.c-specific phenyl neutral red were used for base-pair-specific fractionation of shea ... | 1978 | 25419 |
| characterization of a cacl2-dependent transfection system of escherichia coli and dna of phage lambda. | | 1978 | 25510 |
| regulation of glutamine synthetase formation in escherichia coli: characterization of mutants lacking the uridylyltransferase. | a lambda phage (lambdank55) carrying the translocatable element tn10, conferring tetracycline resistance (tetr), has been utilized to isolate glutamine auxotrophs of escherichia coli k-12. such strains lack uridylyltransferase as a result of an insertion of the tn10 element in the glnd gene. the glnd::tn10 insertion has been mapped at min 4 on the e. coli chromosome and 98% contransducible by phage p1 with dapd. a lambda transducing phage carrying the glnd gene has been identified. a glnd::tn10 ... | 1978 | 26660 |
| inactivation of bacteriophage lambda during the aerobic oxidation of bisulfite. | | 1978 | 28222 |
| some low molecular weight proteins of bacteriophage lambda are produced by proteolytic degradation. | | 1979 | 34258 |
| ngoii, a restriction endonuclease from neisseria gonorrhoeae. | endor . ngoii, a class ii restriction endonuclease isolated from neisseria gonorrhoeae, was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity. we were able to separate it from another restriction endonuclease of n. gonorrhoeae, ngoi, by phosphocellulose chromatography. ngoii is an isoschizomer of haeiii, a restriction endonuclease of haemophilus aegyptius, and was found to recognize the deoxyribonucleic acid nucleotide base sequence ggcc. ngoii was able to digest phage lambda deoxyribonucleic acid over a ... | 1979 | 35516 |
| [specific fragmentation of phage lambda dna in the vicinity of the 5'-ends of the oligothymidylic sequences by alkylation in the complementary regions]. | | 1979 | 36927 |
| the n protein of bacteriophage lambda, defined by its dna sequence, is highly basic. | nucleotide sequence has been determined for the restriction fragments and cloned dna from the pl-n-tl1 region of bacteriophage lambda. a unique reading frame for the n gene is defined by the absence of natural nonsense codons and by the presence of seven nonsense codons generated by mutations in n. this reading frame is initiated at two alternative atg codons, the second of which is probably the in vivo translation start. reading is stopped at a single tag codon. the protein coded is therefore 1 ... | 1979 | 43815 |
| [successes and prospects for genetic engineering]. | the review of literature (1970-1976) on problems of gene engineering is given. gene engineering is pointed out to be a new method of modern biology and a new page of modern molecular genetics. gene engineering detected a real possibility of artificial creating living hybrid organisms, i.e. constructing functional recombinant dna molecules according to a project of investigator, but not to possibilities of crossing. the determination of gene engineering (in contrast with genetical engineering) is ... | 1976 | 63407 |
| [mutations of lambda phage increasing the frequency of lysogenization (proceedings)]. | | 1976 | 66000 |
| [antigenic structure of bacteriophage lambda. identification of the chief antigens of bacteriophage lambda]. | the antigenic composition of the bacteriophages lambdac1857 and lambdagt-lambdac was investigated by modified immunoelectrophoresis in a 1,2% agarose gel involving 1% triton x-100 and 0,25% sodium desoxycholate. the phages lambdac1857 and lambdagt-lambdac were shown to have identical antigenic compositions and to comprise three basic antigens, such as a1, a2, a3. the main structural proteins of the phage such as pe, pv and pd were isolated by preparative electrophoresis in 13% polyacrilamide gel ... | 1978 | 79980 |
| [differences in sensitivity of t3, t7, t4 and lambda phages to bleomycin and phleomycin]. | in contrast to phage lambda the phages t3, t7 and t4 are not inhibited by as much as 150 microgram bleomycin/ml, while the chemically related antibiotic phleomycin increasingly inhibits the propagation of the phages in the order t4-t3-lambda. 20 microgram phleomycin/ml inhibit t3 by 95%. the resistance against bleomycin is surprising, because 10 microgram bm/ml block completely the colony-forming capacity of the host bacterium. the drug resistance of the phage growth correlates with the weak dec ... | 1979 | 94958 |
| characterization of a mouse dna clone containing an immunoglobulin variable region gene. | a 4.8 kilobase mouse embryo dna fragment was inserted into a phage lambda genome and was subsequently characterized by electron microscopy, restriction enzyme mapping and partial dna sequencing. this fragment contains a 400 base sequence which is homologous to that of an immunoglobulin light lambda chain mrna which spans 3.3 to 3.7 kilobases from one end of the fragment. restriction enzyme mapping as well as partial nucleotide sequencing of the 3' terminal of the homology region confirm the prev ... | 1978 | 97634 |
| electrophoretic strand separation of long dnas with poly (u,g) in agarose gels. | we have found that binding of poly(u,g) to single-stranded dna decreases its mobility in 0.3% agarose gels. differential binding to the complementary strands of denatured duplex dna provides a simple method for strand separation. the method is shown to work with bacteriophage lambda dna, adenovirus dna and mtdna for tetrahymena pyriformis. in all cases the strand that binds more poly(u,g) in cscl gradients also binds more in gels. the separated strands can be directly blotted from the gel onto n ... | 1978 | 99728 |
| the organization of ribosomal rna genes in the mitochondrial dna of tetrahymena pyriformis strain st. | 1. we have constructed a physical map of the mtdna of tetrahymena pyriformis strain st using the restriction endonucleases ecori, psti, saci, hindiii and hhai. 2. hybridization of mitochondrial 21 s and 14 s ribosomal rna to restriction fragments of strain st mtdna shows that this dna contains two 21-s and only one 14-s ribosomal rna genes. by s1 nuclease treatment of briefly renatured single-stranded dna the terminal duplication-inversion previously detected in this dna (arnberg et al. (1975) b ... | 1978 | 102353 |
| mutations altering the cellular localization of the phage lambda receptor, an escherichia coli outer membrane protein. | two mutant strains of escherichia coli have been isolated in which the cellular location of an outer membrane protein, the phage lambda receptor (the lamb gene product), is altered. these mutations were initially selected in a strain containing a lamb-lacz fusion. in the parent strain the protein coded for by the hybrid gene is located, at least in part, in the outer membrane. in the mutants it is located in the cytoplasm. the mutations responsible for the alteration of cellular location lie ver ... | 1978 | 104291 |
| dna clones containing mouse immunoglobulin kappa chain genes isolated by in vitro packaging into phage lambda coats. | endonuclease ecori-digested dnas from balb/c mouse embryos and mopc 321 (a kappa chain secretor) myeloma were fractionated by agarose gel electrophoresis, and the dna fragments containing part or all of the mopc 321 kappa chain structural gene sequences were visualized by the southern gel blotting technique using as the hybridization probes pcri plasmids containing all or part of the enzymatically synthesized cdna transcripts of the mopc 321 kappa chain mrna. the clear differences observed in th ... | 1978 | 105355 |
| [transfer of a bacterial gene using phage lambda transfecting dna]. | a new amber mutation of phage with the gene coding synthesis of beta-galactosidase was received by recombination. with the help of transfection dna isolated from this phage the transfer of the gene coding the beta-galactosidase synthesis to the recipient phage-resistant e. coli cell was realized. the suggested model can be used for the gene transfer to the recipient phage-resistant cells or other species of bacteria with transfection dna. | 1979 | 105519 |
| variability of bacterial gene-directed enzyme production in human genetically deficient cells. | human beta-galactosidase-deficient skin fibroblasts from a patient with generalized gangliosidosis (gmi-gangliosidosis type i) were treated with phage lambda plac dna, coding for escherichia coli beta-galactosidase (beta-d-galactoside galactohydrolase, ec.3.2.1.23). new beta-galactosidase activity detected in cell extracts of phage dna-treated gmi-gangliosidosis fibroblasts continued to vary considerably from one experiment to another. it behaved like the e. coli z-gene product upon immunochemic ... | 1979 | 105984 |
| quantitation of the common components of deoxyribonucleic acids by mass spectrometry: application to the analysis of dnas of unusual composition. | a mass spectral method for the quantitation of the percentages of deoxyadenosine, deoxyguanosine, deoxycytidine, and thymidine in intact dnas has been devised. standard curves for each nucleoside have been constructed which are based upon the observation that a direct correlation exists between the heights (% deflection) of diagnostic peaks from these nucleosides in a mass spectrum and the published percent composition of specific dnas. analyses of dna from clostridiumperfringens, micrococcuslut ... | 1978 | 106367 |
| bacteriophage lambda-e. coli k12 vector-host system for gene cloning and expression under lactose promoter control: i. dna fragment insertion at the lacz ecori restriction site. | bacteriophage lambda vectors, derived from lambda plac5 were constructed. their genomes have only one ecori restriction site, located near the end of the beta-galactosidase gene. recombinants, constructed in vitro, having a dna fragment inserted in the ecori site, are lac- and can be easily recognized. expression of such foreign genes is then under the control of the lac promoter. mutations qam73 and sam7 greatly increase the amount of beta-galactosidase synthesized by the vector bacteriophage. ... | 1979 | 107392 |
| bacteriophage lambda-e. coli k12 vector-host system for gene cloning and expression under lactose promoter control. ii. dna fragment insertion at the vicinity of the lac uv5 promoter. | bacteriophage vectors derived from lambda plac5 have been constructed. their genomes have one ecori restriction site which is located at the very beginning of the lac z gene. the major part of this gene was deleted by an in vivo intramolecular recombination. these vectors allow the fusion of a gene or an operon with the beginning of the lac z gene, placing them under the control of the lac promoter, which carries the uv5 mutation. some of these vectors (lambda y) also include the lac y gene and ... | 1979 | 107393 |
| [construction of derivatives of lambda phage carrying the lamb gene inserted downstream from the promotors of the lactose operon]. | the expression of gene lamb, the structural gene for the lambda receptor in e. coli k-12, has been put under the control of the promoter of the lactose operon. this has been done by in vitro recombination using vectors which are derivatives of phage lambda. | 1979 | 111820 |
| genetic mapping of the region c of the bacteriophage g101 (pseudomonas aeruginosa). | morphological mutants of the c type of the bacteriophage g101 (pseudomonas aeruginosa) were isolated after mutagenesis with hydroxylamine. complementation analysis of 27 c mutants showed that the c region is formed by at least two genes. two types of c mutants were obtained. one of them (ci26) behaves analogously to a mutant in the gene controlling the synthesis of the repressor of phage lambda. the second type of the c mutants (cii1, cii18) specifies a gene having probably an auxiliary function ... | 1979 | 112014 |
| the separation of phage promoter from bacterial lac promoter for beta-galactosidase expression in transducing phage lambda plac5. | | 1979 | 113008 |
| cloning of immunoglobulin kappa light chain genes from mouse liver and myeloma mopc 173. | the organization of the kappa chain constant region gene was compared in dna from an immunoglobulin-producing mouse myeloma (mopc 173) and from liver. in situ hybridization using the southern blotting technique revealed constant region gene-containing ecori-dna fragments of 14 and 20 kb in the myeloma tissue whereas one ecori-dna fragment with a length of 15 kb was found in liver dna. after enrichment by rpc-5 chromatography and preparative electrophoresis the 14 kb fragment from mopc 173 dna an ... | 1979 | 113775 |
| cloning immunoglobulin gamma 2b chain gene of mouse: characterization and partial sequence determination. | dna from newborn mice was digested with restriction endonuclease ecori, and a 6.6-kilobase fragment encoding immunoglobulin gamma 2b chain mrna derived from mpc 11 myeloma was enriched about 100-fold by rpc-5 column chromatography and agarose gell electrophoresis. the 6.6-kilobase fragment was cloned with lambda gt wes.lambda b as ek2 vector. the cloned phage (lambda wes.igh22) contained the constant region gene of the gamma 2b chain but not the variable region gene of mpc 11 mrna. the constant ... | 1979 | 116231 |
| cloned pairs of variable region genes for immunoglobulin heavy chains isolated from a clone library of the entire mouse genome. | to investigate the organization of immunoglobulin genes, we have constructed a clone library containing 10(6) randomly generated fragments of mouse embryo dna, corresponding to eight equivalents of the genome. the cloning method involved methylation of embryo dna at ecori recognition sites, partial digestion by ecori* endonclease activity, and direct ligation of the resulting large fragments to the lambda phage vector charon 4a. the library was searched for sequences homologous to a cloned compl ... | 1979 | 116236 |
| induction of bacteriolytic enzyme from pyocinogenic pseudomonas aeruginosa and its enzymatic properties. | mitomycin c induced a pyocinogenic pseudomonas aeruginosa p15 to produce a bacteriolytic enzyme, pr1-lysozyme, together with pyocin r1. no significant accumulation of the enzyme was observed inside the induced cells. the enzyme was partially purified by acrinol treatment and amberlie cg-50 column chromatography. the mode of action of the enzyme on the host bacterial cells as well as on micrococcus lysodeikticus cells or peptidoglycan isolated from salmonella typhimurium, was compared with that o ... | 1978 | 117282 |
| relationship of group p1 plasmids revealed by heteroduplex experiments: rp1, rp4, r68 and rk2 are identical. | the molecular relationships of the incp1 plasmids rp1, rp4, r68 and rk2 were tested by electron microscopic examination of heteroduplexes. in several hybridization experiments molecules were detected which had a 7.8% portion of incomplete reannealing. this 'heterologous region' could be explained by the typical renaturation behaviour of the transposon tn1. the identity of the tn1 transposon present in rp1 and rp4 was proved by heteroduplex experiments with lambda phage dna containing this transp ... | 1979 | 120408 |
| the gamma protein specified by bacteriophage gamma. structure and inhibitory activity for the recbc enzyme of escherichia coli. | the protein encoded by the gam gene of bacteriophage lambda ("gamma protein") is a specific inhibitor of the recbc enzyme of escherichia coli. the lambda protein has been purified approximately 2,000-fold, and its structure and inhibitory activity have been characterized. it appears to be composed of two identical subunits of 16,500 daltons, inhibits all of the catalytic activities of the recbc enzyme with apparently equal efficiency, but has no effect upon any other e. coli or lambda-dnase test ... | 1975 | 126236 |
| inducibility of lambda phage development in escherichia coli mutants thermosensitive for dna replication. | in a thermosensitive dnaz mutant lysogenic for lambda, induction of the prophage development was provoked at the restrictive temperature. in dnad strain, spontaneous release of lambda proceeded even at 43 degrees c, but distinct induction of the prophage development was not caused by a heat treatment. similarly, shift up of growth temperature did not lead to induction of lambda in lysogens carrying thermosensitive mutation in dnah function or dna polymerase i. in dnah mutant, multiplication of l ... | 1975 | 130012 |
| isolation and characterization of conditional lethal mutants of escherichia coli defective in transcription termination factor rho. | polarity suppressor mutants that are conditional lethal for growth have been isolated in e. coli k12. the mutations map between the ilv and cya loci of the e. coli chromosome. rho factor isolated from one of these ts mutants does not show transcription termination activity at any temperature tested; however, it is found to be temperature sensitive for its poly(c)-dependent atpase activity. unlike the previously known polarity suppressor mutants (sua and psu), the rho mutation suppresses all type ... | 1976 | 132662 |
| interaction of rna polymerase and rho in transcription termination: coupled atpase. | we have previously described temperature sensitive rho mutants of escherichia coli (e.g., rho15) that are defective in transcription termination at various signals, including an is2 dna insertion in the gal operon [das, a., court, d. & adhya, s. (1976) proc. natl. acad. sci. usa, 73, 1959-1963]. in this paper, we report the isolation of mutants altered in the beta subunit of rna polymerase (a class of rifampicin-resistant mutants), which restore gal is2 polarity in the rho 15 strain. it has been ... | 1978 | 154103 |
| organization of the ribosomal ribonucleic acid gene cluster of neurospora crassa by means of restriction endonucleases and cloning in bacteriophage lambda [proceedings]. | | 1978 | 154424 |
| specialized transducing phage lambda carrying the genes for coupling factor of oxidative phosphorylation of escherichia coli: increased synthesis of coupling factor on induction of prophage lambda asn. | studies were made of the synthesis of the coupling factor complex (f1--f0) of oxidative phosphorylation after prophage induction of a set of escherichia coli strains lysogenic for defective transducing phage lambda asn, lambda unca, or lambda bglc. the transducing phages had been isolated from a strain of e. coli carrying prophage lambda ci857 s7 within the bglb gene located near the unc gene cluster [miki, t., hiraga, s., nagata, t. & yura, t. (1978) proc. natl. acad. sci. usa 75, 5099--5103]. ... | 1979 | 155817 |
| positive and negative control of bacteriophage lambda dna replication. | | 1979 | 157833 |
| functional analysis of the replicator structure of lambdoid bacteriophage dnas. | in our hybrid-plasmid reconstruction analysis of lambda (lambdoid) dna signal structures involved in phage dna replication, we have detected a dual system alternatingly able to initiate a first primer-rna synthesis. both of them--the major, primase-dependent ori system and the minor and usually suppressed, rna-polymerase-dependent oop system--act in conjunction with a common signal structure for inception of dna synthesis. it appears that in situations such as this, where one has to deal with th ... | 1979 | 157835 |
| [hybrid plasmid psd1 containing the immunity region of bacteriophage lambda]. | hybrid plasmid psd1 carrying the immunity region of the coliphage lambda and bio operon have been obtained by means of studying the efficiency of transcription dna fragments in the plasmid rsf2124. the molecular weight of this plasmid is 17.2 md. the growth inhibition of phage lambdavir has been observed in cells carrying the new hybrid plasma. the properties of the plasmid psd1 and probable reasons of the growth inhibition of phage lambdavir are discussed. the hybrid plasmid psd2 carrying genes ... | 1979 | 157906 |
| construction and analysis of recombinant lambda phages containing mitochondrial dna fragments. | rat mtdna has a molecular length of about 16 kilobase (kb) pairs and is cleaved into seven fragments by restriction endonuclease ecori. these fragments were cloned in escherichia coli k-12 host using lambda gtwes.lambda b' (lambda gtwes.lambda b, for short, in this paper) as a vector. recombinant dnas containing one or a few fragments of the mtdna were transfected to cacl2-treated e. coli, and the plaques containing specific recombinant phages were selected. dna amplified in the recombinanat pha ... | 1979 | 157910 |
| lambda bacteriophage-mediated transduction of cole1 deoxyribonucleic acid having a lambda bacteriophage-cohesive end site: selection of packageable-length deoxyribonucleic acid. | an in vitro recombinant cole1-cos lambda deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) molecule, pky96, has 70% of the length of lambda phage dna. the process of lambda phage-mediated transduction of pky96 generated a small amount of transducing phage particles containing cole1-cos lambda dna molecules of 80 or 101% of the length of lambda phage dna, in addition to those containing original pky96 dna molecules. the newly isolated larger plasmid dnas were transduced 100 times more efficiently than pky96 dna. their ... | 1979 | 158007 |
| studies on stringent control in a cell-free system. regulation by guanosine-5'-diphosphate-3'-diphosphate of the synthesis of elongation factor tu. | the biosynthesis of elongation factor tu (ef-tu) has been studied in a cell-free system with dna of the transducing phage lambdarifd18 as a template. it was found that the synthesis of ef-tu in this system was inhibited by about 60% in the presence of 0.3 to 0.6 mm guanosine-5'-diphosphate-3'-diphosphate (ppgpp). the syntheses of several ribosomal proteins encoded in this template, i.e. l1, l10, l11, and l7/l12, were also depressed, whereas those of phage lambda proteins were rather enhanced by ... | 1979 | 158010 |
| coliphage lambda ghosts obtained by osmotic shock or licl treatment are devoid of j- and h-gene products. | we have proved by acrylamide gel electrophoresis that dna-free ghosts of bacteriophage lambda obtained by osmotic shock (s-ghosts), or by incubation in 5 m-l-cl (l-ghosts) do not possess the proteins specified by the genes j and h. electron microscopy of l-ghosts showed that they are devoid of the whole tail tip, composed of the basal part and the tail fibre. the lack of the j-gene product, which is believed to be the tail fibre, explains why s- and l-ghosts do not adsorb to susceptible bacteria ... | 1979 | 158069 |
| analysis of coliphage lambda mutations that affect q gene activity: puq, byp, and nin5. | we describe in this paper the isolation and characterization of a class of mutations, designated puq, that allow phage lambda to grow better under conditions that limit the synthesis of the phage q gene product. these mutations were located between phage genes p and q, a region of the lambda chromosome containing two gene n-independent mutations, nin5 and byp, that we also show to be puq mutations. whereas the puq-3 and puq-16 mutations probably map under the nin5 deletion, the byp mutation maps ... | 1979 | 158097 |
| a study of the organisation of the ribosomal ribonucleic acid gene cluster of neurospora crassa by means of restriction endonuclease analysis and cloning in bacteriophage lambda. | 1. total neurospora crassa dna was restricted with endonucleases and fragments carrying rrna coding sequences were identified by hybridization with xenopus laevis ribosomal dna probes. 2. the repeating unit of the rrna gene cluster was found to be 8.6 kbp, arranged in a head-to-tail fashion. 3. digestion with hind iii yielded fragments of 3.4 kbp and 5.2 kbp and both were cloned. 4. digestion with eco ri yielded fragments of 2.2 kbp, 3.0 kbp and 3.4 kbp; the 3.0 kbp fragment was cloned. 5. seque ... | 1979 | 158122 |
| [cloning of the hepatitis b virus genome in escherichia coli]. | the whole genome of the hepatitis b virus (dane particles) was inserted in vitro in the genome of the bacteriophage lambda gtwes . lambda b. the recombinant dna molecule was cloned in e. coli. amplification of the hybrid bacteriophage enables the preparation of large amounts of hepatitis b virus dna. the possibilities offered by the utilization of this recombinant bacteriophage are discussed. | 1978 | 158442 |
| reca-mediated recombination of bacteriophage lambda: structure of recombinant and intermediate dna molecules and their packaging in vitro. | | 1979 | 158456 |
| site-specific recombination in bacteriophage lambda: structural features of recombining sites. | | 1979 | 158462 |
| integrative recombination of bacteriophage lambda: in vitro study of the intermolecular reaction. | | 1979 | 158463 |
| site-specific recombination of bacteriophage lambda: the role of host gene products. | | 1979 | 158465 |
| regulatory structure of the insertion region of bacteriophage lambda. | | 1979 | 158466 |
| heteroduplex regions in unduplicated bacteriophage lambda recombinants. | | 1979 | 158480 |
| [new transducing phage with rna polymerase beta- and beta'-subunit genes derived from a hybrid phage lambda att80: isolation, genetic analysis and physical mapping]. | a hybrid lambda att 80 phage with the genetic structure lambda (a-j) phi 80 (att-int-xis) imm lambda..ci857s7 is shown to be a convenient vector for creating transducing phages. on the one hand, the restriction analysis indicates that it has 3 restriction sites for ecori in comparison with 5 and 9 sites for parental phages lambda and phi 80 respectively. on the other hand, its buoyant density is less than that of phage lambda and under centrifugation it is easier separated from the phage transdu ... | 1979 | 158560 |
| electron microscopic analysis of transcription: mapping of initiation sites and direction of transcription. | an electron microscope technique is described that allows rapid characterization of transcription in vitro. dna is transcribed with escherichia coli rna polymerase in vitro, and the rna is hybridized to its template. measurement of the resulting transcription r-loop molecules allows accurate mapping of transcription initiation sites (promoter sites) and analysis of the direction and rate of transcription and the level of transcription from each initiation site. the two major early promoters pr a ... | 1979 | 158757 |
| the rat serum albumin gene: analysis of cloned sequences. | the rat serum albumin gene has been isolated from a recombinant library containing the entire rat genome cloned in the lambda phage charon 4a. preliminary r-loop and restriction analysis has revealed that this gene is split into at least 14 fragments (exons) by 13 intervening sequences (introns), and that it occupies a minimum of 14.5 kilobases of genomic dna. | 1979 | 158758 |
| interaction of int protein with specific sites on lambda att dna. | we have studied the interaction of highly purified int protein with dna restriction fragments from the lambda phage attachment site (attp) region. two different dna sequences are protected by bound int protein against partial digestion by either pancreatic dnaase or neocarzinostatin. one int binding site includes the 15 bp common core sequence (the crossover region for site-specific recombination) plus several bases of sequence adjoining the core in both the p and p' arms. the second int-protect ... | 1979 | 159130 |
| [characteristics of bacteriophage lambda and p1 modification-restriction in escherichia coli strains controlled by factor r124]. | the specifities of restriction of bacteriophages p1 and lambda controlled by r plasmids in escherichia coli have been investigated. the isogenic strains harbouring the plasmids pas26 coding for restriction endonuclease r.ecori, r245 coding for restriction endonuclease r.ecorii and and r124 have been investigated in the present work. modification-restriction controlled by r124 has been found to differ in specificity from those controlled by r245 and pas26. frequencies of restriction of bacterioph ... | 1979 | 159204 |
| escherichia coli rna polymerase binding and initiation of transcription on fragments of lambda rifd 18 dna containing promoters for lambda genes and for rrnb, tufb, rplc,a, rplj,l, and rpob,c genes. | promoters of genes for bacteriophage lambda and for escherichia coli ribosomal rna (rrnb), elongation factor tu (tufb), ribosomal proteins l11 (rplk), l1 (rpla), l10 (rplj), and l7/l12 (rpll), and rna polymerase subunits beta (rpob) and beta' (rpoc) were studied by use of two types of filter binding assays which measured e. coli rna polymerase binding and initiation of transcription on restriction fragments of lambda rifd 18 dna. the dna fragments selectively retained on filters were eluted, con ... | 1979 | 159206 |
| location of a cole1 deoxyribonucleic acid region that affects the plaque-forming ability of lambda-cole1 hybrid bacteriophage. | the plaque-forming ability of a hybrid phage between plasmidcole1 and phage lambda carrying amber mutations in genes o and p was inhibited by the presence of cole1 in suppressor-deficient escherichia coli cells. cole1 deoxyribonucleic acid regions concerned with this inhibition were examined by using various deletion and transposon insertion derivatives of cole1, and it was found that the presence of the deoxyribonucleic acid region extending between 420 and 613 base pairs upstream from the init ... | 1979 | 159288 |
| lambda transducing bacteriophage carrying deletions of the argcbh-rpobc region of the escherichia coli chromosome. | deletions in the rpobc region have been transferred to phage lambda and characterized in detail by genetic, structural, and functional tests. we thus extend and confirm knowledge of the organization of this part of the chromosome. the new phages are useful tools for studying the genes for the bacterial transcription and translation machinery. | 1979 | 159290 |
| mutants of escherichia coli that do not contain 1,4-diaminobutane (putrescine) or spermidine. | strains of escherichia coli k12 have been constructed which do not contain any of the polyamines normally present in a wild type strain, namely, 1,4-diaminobutane (putrescine) and spermidine. this phenotype arises as a consequence of the assembly into these strains of deletion mutations in spea (arginine decarboxylase), speb (agmatine ureohydrolase), spec (ornithine decarboxylase), and sped (adenosylmethionine decarboxylase). the polyamine-deficient strains grow indefinitely in the absence of po ... | 1979 | 159306 |
| [the use of bacteriophage lambda fragments in the construction of plasmid vectors for gene cloning. included: restriction map of lambda dna (author's transl)]. | | 1979 | 159438 |
| interactions between dna-bound repressors govern regulation by the lambda phage repressor. | the lambda phage repressor binds cooperatively to the three sites in the right operator (o(r)) according to the following pattern. if the dna is wild type, o(r)1 and o(r)2 are filled coordinately because of interactions between repressor dimers bound to these two sites. site o(r)3 is filled only at higher repressor concentrations. in contrast, if o(r)1 is mutant, o(r)2 and o(r)3 are filled coordinately because of interactions between repressors bound to these sites. in this case, the affinity of ... | 1979 | 159452 |
| cloning of the structural gene (ompa) for an integral outer membrane protein of escherichia coli k-12. | the gene (ompa) for the major outer membrane protein ii* from escherichia coli k-12 has been cloned on a 5-megadalton ecori fragment by using phage lambda as vector. the gene is expressed during the lytic cycle of the recombinant phage and the insoluble membrane-bound protein was detected in phage plaques with a simple radioimmunoassay. transfer of the ecori fragment into plasmid psc101 and expression in a host lacking protein ii* led to overproduction of protein ii* and decreased production of ... | 1979 | 159455 |
| cloning of integrated moloney sarcoma proviral dna sequences in bacteriophage lambda. | we have identified integrated proviral dna sequences of m1 and ht-1 isolates of moloney sarcoma virus (musv) in ecori digests of transformed mink cell genomic dna and have cloned these fragments in bacteriophage lambda. both the lambda-ht1 phage recombinant, containing a 12.3-kilobase musv pair (kb) fragment, and the lambda-m1 phage recombinant, containing a 7.0-kb fragment, possess full copies of the sarcoma viruses along with 5' and 3' host flanking sequences. the musv proviral dna sequences, ... | 1979 | 159456 |
| transcription promotes reca-independent recombination mediated by dna-dependent rna polymerase in escherichia coli. | the rpo-mediated recombination of phage lambda takes place independently of the reca function and is promoted by dna-dependent rna polymerase of escherichia coli [ikeda, h. & kobayashi, i. (1977) proc. natl. acad sci. usa 74, 3932--3936]. the crossovers were particularly frequent to the ciii-n and n-cii regions which are transcribed actively. to determine whether the transcription process required for the recombination is the initiation step or the chain elongation step, we have examined the eff ... | 1979 | 159459 |
| sigma subunit of escherichia coli rna polymerase affects the function of lambda n gene. | a new class of escherichia coli mutants, referred to as grn, has been isolated by localized mutagenesis. these mutations affect the sigma subunit of dna-dependent rna polymerase (ribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate:rna nucleotidyltransferase, ec 2.7.7.6) by abolishing the expression of the lambda n gene, and they are closely lniked to dnag in the order dnag-grn-uxaa. detailed study of one such mutant, grn1, yielded the following results: (i) grn1 is a single mutation and the mutant cell shows cold-se ... | 1979 | 159460 |
| clustering of prm- mutations of bacteriophage lambda in the region between 33 and 40 nucleotides from the cl transcription start point. | | 1979 | 159558 |
| stimulation of t of function and pl-proximal transcription by the n gene product of coliphage lambda. | | 1979 | 159559 |
| control of rightward transcription in coliphage lambda by the regulatory functions of phage genes n and cro. | | 1979 | 159560 |
| dna without supertwists can be an in vitro substrate for site-specific recombination of bacteriophage lambda. | | 1979 | 159956 |
| orientation-dependent recombination hotspot activity in bacteriophage lambda. | | 1979 | 159958 |
| in vivo methylation of bacteriophage phi x174 dna. | a mutant (designated mec(-)) has been isolated from escherichia coli c which has lost dna-cytosine methylase activity and the ability to protect phage lambda against in vivo restriction by the rii endonuclease. this situation is analogous to that observed with an e. coli k-12 mec(-) mutant; thus, the e. coli c methylase appears to have overlapping sequence specificity with the k-12 and rii enzymes; (the latter methylases have been shown previously to recognize the same sequence). covalently clos ... | 1979 | 159962 |
| uvm mutants of escherichia coli k12 deficient in uv mutagenesis. ii. further evidence for a novel function in error-prone repair. | uvm mutants of escherichia coli k12 selected for defective uv reversion induction have previously been reported to differ considerably from the uv-reversion-less reca and lexa mutants with regard to survival or mutagenic response to uv, x-rays and alkylating agents. in the present study, the phenotypic characterization of uvm mutants was extended to investigate several cellular processes which also may be related to or involved in uv mutagenesis. like reca and lexa mutations, the uvm mutations e ... | 1979 | 160001 |
| nucleotide sequence of a secondary attachment site for bacteriophage lambda on the escherichia coli chromosome. | the nucleotide sequence of a secondary attachment site for bacteriophage lambda was determined in a region near the rrnb gene at 88 min on the e. coli chromosome. the sequence has a 8 base pair interrupted homology gct tttta to the common core of the primary attachment site (attb) and the corresponding phage sequence (attp). the site of crossover during integration lies probably between nucleotides -3 and +1. the flanking regions have no obvious homology to the arms of either attp or attb. | 1979 | 160033 |
| differential modes of processing and decay for the major n-dependent rna transcript of coliphage lambda. | | 1979 | 160127 |
| specificity of the bacteriophage lambda n gene product (pn): nut sequences are necessary and sufficient for antitermination by pn. | we have cloned the nutr site together with the tr1 site of bacteriophage lambda in the e. coli galactose operon to examine whether the lambda promoter sequences pr and pl are involved in the recognition specificity of the lambda n gene product (pn). we first constructed a derivative of plasmid pbr322 in which the expression of the tetracycline genes (tet) is controlled by the gal promoter (pgal). this new plasmid contains a unique hind iii site between pgal and tet into which the nutr and tr1 si ... | 1979 | 160286 |
| a rightward promoter to the left of the att site of lambda phage dna: possible participant in site-specific recombination. | the binding has been studied of escherichia coli rna-polymerase to the fragments of lambda dna obtained by digestion with restriction endonucleases bsui, hindiii, bamhi, ecori and hindii + iii. there are at least six sites of rna-polymerase binding in the b2-region. in vitro transcription of those bsui-fragments of the b2-region which contain six binding sites is rightward. therefore, the fragments contain promoters rather than mere rna-polymerase binding sites. one of the promoters of the b2 re ... | 1979 | 160359 |
| a comprehensive molecular map of bacteriophage lambda. | physical and genetic mapping of deletion mutations has been correlated with the available molecular sizes of the lambda gene products and the dna base sequence to construct a comprehensive molecular map of the phage lambda genome. the physical length of the dna making up the left arm from the cos site through gene j is not sufficient to account in a nonoverlapping manner for all the proteins of the sizes reported to be coded, especially in the nu1--c region. in the right arm all the coding capac ... | 1979 | 160360 |
| transposition mutagenesis of bacteriophage lambda: a new gene affecting cell lysis. | | 1979 | 160463 |
| loss of rac locus dna in merozygotes of escherichia coli k12. | dna-dna hybridization was used to demonstrate that the substituted dna in the bacteriophage lambda rece (formerly called lambda reverse) is homologous to dna at the rac locus in escherichia coli. strains that are rac- do not contain appreciable amounts of this dna, and it is lost from a rac+ episome (f' 123) after transmission to a rac- recipient. this is consistent with the proposal that the rac locus contains a cryptic prophage (low, 1973). | 1979 | 160489 |
| transcription and membrane attachment of bacteriophage lambda dna in the absence of n function in the e. coli sua 1 mutant. | in the polarity suppressor strain psua 1, we observe a partial n independence of both transcription and dna-membrane attachment for a lambda nn mutant. these results, in agreement with the genetical data reported by dambly et al. (1976), suggest that the n product and rho factor are involved in the same process but may not interact directly. | 1979 | 160492 |
| gene expression of an escherichia coli ribosomal rna promoter fused to structural genes of the galactose operon. | the promoter region of the rrnb ribosomal rna gene of escherichia coli has been ligated within the epimerase gene (gale) of the galactose operon in a lambda phage vector. the recombinant lambda phage has been characterized by restriction mapping and assays of both galk (galactokinase) gene activity and galactose messenger rna hybridization. in such lyosgens, expression of the fused galactose operon occurs as a function of growth rate in a manner characteristic of ribosomal rna gene expression an ... | 1979 | 160557 |
| dna from recombinogenic lambda bacteriophages generated by arl mutant of escherichia coli is cleaved by single-strand-specific endonuclease s1. | when propagated on arl strains (a subclass of escherichia coli hyper-rec mutants), lambda "red-" duplication phages accumulated an enhanced potential for recombination. the physical properties of the recombinogenic phages thus obtained ("arl-" phages) were similar to those of phages grown on arl+ bacteria. however, arl- phage dna was cleaved by endonuclease s1 under conditions such that the nuclease is specific for single-stranded dna;dna from control phages was s1-resistant. the number of s1 si ... | 1979 | 160560 |
| dna-directed in vitro synthesis of proteins involved in bacterial transcription and translation. | the in vitro synthesis of elongation factor (ef)-tu (tufb), the beta beta' subunits of rna polymerase, ribosomal proteins l10 and l12 directed by dna from the transducing phage lambda rifd 18, ef-tu (tufa), ef-g, and the alpha subunit of rna polymerase directed by dna from the transducing phage lambda fus3 has been investigated in a crude and a partially defined protein-synthesizing system. proteins l10 and l12 are synthesized in the partially defined system almost as well as in the crude system ... | 1979 | 160561 |
| effect of experimental magnetic storm on the production of lambda phage. | 1. sharp fluctuation of the intensity of the vertical component of the mf amounting to +/- 0.1 oe changing the sign over each 3 min causes variability of both lysogenic and indicator strains of e. coli. this testifies to an extremely low threshold of their magnetic susceptibility and to biological importance of fluctuations of natural parameters of the geomagnetic field as an ecological factor of the environment. 2. a change in the intensity of the vertical component of the mf, not any higher th ... | 1979 | 160920 |
| the fate of phage lambda dna in lambda-infected minicells. | the fate of phage lambda dna in lambda-infected escherichia coli minicells harboring the plasmid cole1, and in plasmid-free minicells, were studied. binding of lambda dna to the minicell membrane, and formation of the supercoiled covalently-closed circular structure has been demonstrated. phage infection abolishes plasmid dna synthesis. only a very slight, non-replicative lambda dna synthesis occurs, soon after infection. this synthesis is associated with fragments of lambda dna arising during, ... | 1979 | 161175 |
| some properties of site-specific and general recombination inferred from int-initiated exchanges by bacteriophage lambda. | the site-specific recombination at the attachment site for prophage integration might proceed by two general mechanisms: (1) a concerted reaction without a free intermediate; (2) a sequential mechanism differing from typical general recombination only by an inability of the cross-strand intermediate structure to migrate into the region of nonhomology adjacent to the attachment site. the blocked-migration model predicts frequent genetic exchange in the int xis region near the attachment site if i ... | 1979 | 161242 |
| a simple technique for the isolation of deletion mutants of phage lambda. | we describe a simple technique for isolating deletion mutants of phage lambda and use it to dissect a cloned fragment of foreign dna. the technique is based on our previous finding that the normally essential product of lambda head gene d is dispensible for phage growth if the dna content of the phage is less than 82% that of lambda wild-type (sternberg and weisberg, 1977). a significant fraction of the few phage that form plaques when a d amber mutant is plated on a nonsuppressing host contains ... | 1979 | 161244 |
| convergent transcription in bacteriophage lambda: interference with gene expression. | | 1979 | 161329 |
| structural studies of bacteriophage lambda heads and proheads by small angle x-ray diffraction. | | 1979 | 161330 |
| w reactivation is inefficient in repair of the bacterial chromosome. | uv-inducible "sos" processes associated with w reactivation of phage lambda were studied for their effect on repair of lambda prophage integrated in the bacterial chromosome. for this purpose, lambda c1857 ind red-lysogens were used. these lysogens, although non-inducible by uv light, can be induced by raising the temperature from 30 degrees to 42 degrees. if the w reactivation processes are involved in repair of the bacterial dna, when the lysogens are incubated at 30 degrees after uv exposure ... | 1979 | 161343 |
| intergration of the receptor for bacteriophage lambda in the outer membrane of escherichia coli: coupling with cell division. | induction of the synthesis of the receptor for phage lambda is obtained by adding maltose and adenosine 3'-5'-cyclic monophosphate to glucose grown cells of escherichia coli. bacteria induced for a short period of time were infected with a high multiplicity of phage lambda , and examined under the electron microscope. only a fraction of the bacteria were seen to have adsorbed a large number of phage particles. the majority of such bacteria had a constriction indicating formation of a septum, and ... | 1975 | 164434 |
| regulation of phage lambda development with the growth rate of host cells: a homeostatic mechanism. | | 1975 | 166503 |
| oligo(a) not coded by dna generating 3'-terminal heterogeneity in a lambda phage rna. | an rna species from escherichia coli infected with phage lambda was purified by hybridization to lambda 1-strand dna and shown to have variable length. this variability was due to a variable number of adenylate residues attached to the 3' end of the molecule. pancreatic rnase treatment of the rna-dna hybrid removed the 3'-terminal adenylate residues, generating a homogeneous rna molecule terminating with -up. the results indicate the presence of adenylate residues not coded by the dna template a ... | 1975 | 167007 |