| conserved polynucleotide sequences among the genomes of papillomaviruses. | the dnas of different members of the papillomavirus genus of papovaviruses were analyzed for nucleotide sequence homology. under standard hybridization conditions (tm - 28 degrees c), no homology was detectable among the genomes of human papillomavirus type 1 (hpv-1), bovine papillomavirus type 2 (bpv-2), or cottontail rabbit (shope) papillomavirus (crpv). however, under less stringent conditions (i.e., tm - 43 degrees c), stable hybrids were formed between radiolabeled dnas of crpv, bpv-1, or b ... | 1979 | 232171 |
| association of bovine papillomavirus type 2 and bracken fern with bladder cancer in cattle. | the bladder cancer syndrome that often accompanies chronic enzootic hematuria in cattle grazing on pastures infested by bracken fern has been experimentally reproduced in animals fed a diet of bracken. the experimentally induced tumors were histologically and pathologically indistinguishable from the naturally occurring ones and comprised two main types: (a) carcinoma of the urothelium identical to that seen in humans; and (b) hemangioendotheliomas of the subjacent capillaries. often the two typ ... | 1992 | 1333885 |
| characterization of bpv-like dna in equine sarcoids. | the dna from equine sarcoid samples from new york state and switzerland was isolated and probed with bovine papillomavirus type 1 (bpv-1) to determine if bpv genomes were present. twelve of 13 sarcoids from new york state and 17/20 sarcoids from switzerland contained dna that hybridized to the bpv-1 probe. restriction enzyme analysis of the positive samples demonstrated restriction fragment profiles characteristic of bpv-1 in 22 sarcoids and restriction fragment profiles characteristic of bovine ... | 1991 | 1650553 |
| studies on vaccination against papillomaviruses: the immunity after infection and vaccination with bovine papillomaviruses of different types. | calves, free of antibodies to bovine papillomaviruses (bpv), were reared in isolation. one was infected with bpv-2, developed tumours and was resistant to homologous reinfection. groups of calves were infected with bpv-2, bpv-5 or bpv-6; they all developed and subsequently rejected type-specific tumours. they were then infected with bpv-4; they were not immune and oral papillomas were induced. groups of animals were vaccinated by intramuscular preparations of purified bpv-4 and bpv-6 and were ch ... | 1990 | 2161579 |
| studies on vaccination against papillomaviruses: a comparison of purified virus, tumour extract and transformed cells in prophylactic vaccination. | calves were vaccinated with two preparations made from one cutaneous fibropapilloma induced by bovine papillomavirus type 2 (bpv-2). one vaccine consisted of homogenised tumour; the other contained purified virus only. both produced resistance to a heavy challenge infection of bpv-2. one calf in the vaccinated group developed a small tumour and rejected it earlier than the control calves. it would appear likely that the prophylactic immune response was induced by viral structural proteins only a ... | 1990 | 2162579 |
| identification and characterization of the bpv-2 l2 protein. | the bovine papilloma virus type 2 (bpv-2) l2 open reading frame was cloned into a lambda pl promoter expression vector. this plasmid was shown to express a fusion protein which constituted 75% of the bpv-2 l2 orf linked to the first 13 n-terminal amino acids of the lambda cll gene product. antisera generated against this fusion protein were used to identify the l2 gene product as a 64,000-da protein in bpv-2 virions. western blot analysis demonstrated that the l2 viral protein was present in ful ... | 1989 | 2545035 |
| cloning and characterization of a papillomavirus associated with papillomas and carcinomas in the european harvest mouse (micromys minutus). | individuals in a colony of european harvest mice (micromys minutus) were diagnosed with a variety of skin tumors including papillomas, trichoepitheliomas, and sebaceous carcinomas. papillomavirus group-specific antigens and viruslike particles were detected in the papillomas. a 7.6-kilobase supercoiled circular dna, which was cleaved once by ecori, was visualized in papilloma extracts by low-stringency southern blot hybridization with a bovine papillomavirus type 2 probe. the molecule was cloned ... | 1988 | 2824849 |
| papillomas and cancer in cattle. | papillomaviruses induce hyperproliferation of epithelial cells of the skin or mucosa (papillomas), and certain types can also infect fibroblasts. they are a very heterogeneous group of viruses, and individual types are associated with specific lesions. the papillomas are mostly benign but some tumours may eventually undergo malignant conversion when genetic or environmental factors are involved. in cattle, bovine papillomavirus type 4 (bpv-4) is the causative agent of papillomas of the alimentar ... | 1987 | 2825987 |
| nucleotide sequence of bovine papillomavirus type 2 late region. | the late region of bovine papillomavirus type 2 (bpv-2) dna has been identified. the complete nucleotide sequence of the region was determined and revealed two large open reading frames. the dna sequence results and the predicted amino acid sequence of putative polypeptides encoded by this region are presented. comparative analysis of the bpv-2 late region and the corresponding area of bpv-1 was performed. this study demonstrates that identical genetic organization and considerable nucleotide se ... | 1985 | 2981958 |
| a cutaneous fibropapilloma from a red deer (cervus elaphus) associated with a papillomavirus. | a cutaneous fibropapilloma was found on a scottish red deer (cervus elaphus), and a papillomavirus was isolated from it. the virus appeared to be related to bovine papillomavirus type 1 (bpv1) or type 2 (bpv2) because: (i) it cross-reacted in peroxidase-antiperoxidase tests with antisera raised against these virions; (ii) bpv1 and bpv2 dnas cross-hybridized to the red deer papillomavirus in situ; and (iii) bpv1 and/or bpv2 dna cross-hybridized to the red deer papillomavirus dna on southern blots ... | 1985 | 2997076 |
| papillomavirus infection in cattle: viral and chemical cofactors in naturally occurring and experimentally induced tumours. | six different types of bovine papillomavirus (bpv-1 to bpv-6) have been identified and classified into two subgroups: subgroup a, which induce fibropapillomas, and subgroup b, which induce true epithelial papillomas. bpv-4, a member of subgroup b, is the aetiological agent of papillomas of the upper alimentary canal, which can become a focus for transformation to squamous-cell carcinomas in animals feeding on bracken fern. strong circumstantial evidence suggests that the progression to malignanc ... | 1986 | 3013519 |
| purification of papillomavirus structural polypeptides from papillomas by immunoaffinity chromatography. | a broadly cross-reactive monoclonal antibody directed against papillomavirus, coupled to immunoaffinity columns, was used to isolate bovine papillomavirus type 1 (bpv-1) and human papillomavirus type 1 (hpv-1) structural polypeptides from homogenates of productively infected cells. one of the polypeptides isolated from bovine fibropapillomas appeared to be the bpv-1 major capsid protein since it had a mol. wt. of 54k and was reactive by western blots with papillomavirus genus- and bpv-1 type-spe ... | 1987 | 3037012 |
| alimentary fibropapilloma in cattle: a spontaneous tumor, nonpermissive for papillomavirus replication. | fibropapillomatosis of the upper alimentary canal of cattle is described. the tumors, found in the esophagus, esophageal groove, and rumen, showed involvement of the subepithelial fibroblasts as well as of the squamous epithelial layer. although the fibropapilloma cells harbored multiple episomal copies of the genome of bovine papillomavirus type 2 (bpv-2) easily detected by hybridization techniques, no mature virus could be isolated from these lesions or seen by electron microscopy, and no vira ... | 1984 | 6087008 |
| unintegrated viral dna sequences in a hamster tumor induced by bovine papilloma virus. | a fibrosarcoma was induced in a hamster by bovine papilloma virus type 2 (bpv2). the content of bpv2 dna sequences was measured by dna-dna and crna-dna hybridizations. the tumor contained approximately 300 bpv2 genome equivalents per cell. southern blot hybridization indicated that the viral dna was in free form, the entire genome most likely being present. in situ hybridization with bpv2 crna showed that multiple genome copies were present in each cell. neither virus particles nor virus coat an ... | 1981 | 6270360 |
| persistence of non-integrated viral dna in bovine cells transformed in vitro by bovine papillomavirus type 2. | | 1981 | 6270574 |
| analysis of a restriction endonuclease map for bovine papillomavirus type 2 dna. | a physical map was constructed for bovine papillomavirus type 2 dna by the use of restriction endonucleases. a comparison between the genomes of bovine papillomavirus types 1 and 2 in regard to location and number of cleavage sites of seven enzymes is also presented. this comparison revealed similarities between the two genomes. | 1981 | 6271276 |
| molecular cloning of bovine papillomavirus genomes and comparison of their sequence homologies by heteroduplex mapping. | the genomic dnas of bovine papillomavirus (bpv) type 1, type 2 and type 4 were cloned in pat153. bpv1 and bpv2 genomes were cloned using the single hindiii sites of the vector and virus dnas, and bpv4 was cloned using the single bamhi sites. the orientation of the recombinant dnas was established by restriction enzyme digestion, hybridization and heteroduplex analysis. the results showed that: (i) bpv1 and bpv2 dnas are in register and are broadly homologous throughout most of their length when ... | 1982 | 6296276 |
| bovine papillomavirus type 2 from bovine cutaneous papillomas in australia. | | 1983 | 6307243 |
| prospects for cervical cancer vaccines. | as we have seen, the technical problems of developing cheap, effective vaccines against hpv associated tumours are formidable, but they are by no means insuperable. experiments in cows with bpv2 show that both therapeutic and prophylactic vaccines work to some extent and the immunogens used are by no means the best that could now be envisaged. the fact that human trials are now under consideration or in progress with both protein vaccines and recombinant vaccinia virus vectors is also very encou ... | 1993 | 8394205 |
| bovine papillomavirus and cancer. | bovine papillomavirus (bpv) induces papillomas of cutaneous or mucosal epithelia in cattle. the papillomas are benign tumours and generally regress, but occasionally persist and provide the focus for malignant transformation to squamous cell carcinoma, particularly in the presence of environmental cofactors. this has been experimentally demonstrated for bpv-2 and cancer of the urinary bladder, and bpv-4 and cancer of the upper alimentary canal in cattle feeding on bracken fern. in this review, s ... | 1997 | 9414951 |
| bovine papillomavirus transmission and chromosomal aberrations: an experimental model. | enzootic haematuria and urinary bladder cancer in cattle are associated with feeding on bracken fern and bovine papillomavirus (bpv) infection. an increased rate of chromosomal aberrations in peripheral blood lymphocytes from chronically affected haematuric cows raised in bracken fern pastures has been reported, suggesting the presence of bpv in the peripheral blood of afflicted animals. the purpose of the present investigation was to examine the role of peripheral blood as a potential bpv-trans ... | 1998 | 9747721 |
| the pagetoid variant of urothelial carcinoma in situ of urinary bladder in a cow. | a case of urothelial carcinoma in situ of urinary bladder is reported in a 10-year-old cow naturally grazing on bracken-infested land. the cow suffered from enzootic hematuria for more than 5 years. the presence of bovine papillomavirus type 2 (bpv-2) dna sequences was detected by polymerase chain reaction. the carcinoma in situ was characterized by the presence of anaplastic cells with amphophilic cytoplasm and pleomorphic nuclei containing granular, irregularly dispersed chromatin. focal areas ... | 2001 | 11199158 |
| xenograft model for identifying chemotherapeutic agents against papillomaviruses. | the report describes the establishment and characterization of a mouse xenograft transplantation model for the study of papillomavirus infection of bovine skin. calf scrotal skin was inoculated with bovine papillomavirus type 2 before grafting it to the dorsum of severe combined immunodeficient mice. the grafted skin contained epidermis, dermis, and a thin layer of fat. after 5 months the induced warts not only showed histological features of papillomavirus infections but also tested positive fo ... | 2001 | 11257010 |
| polymerase chain reaction analysis of the surgical margins of equine sarcoids for bovine papilloma virus dna. | to examine apparently normal skin around equine sarcoids for evidence of bovine papilloma virus (bpv) dna, and to relate this finding to the observed recurrence after surgery. | 2001 | 11555822 |
| dna from bovine papillomavirus type 2 induces warts in a xenograft model. | bovine papillomavirus (bpv) type 2 dna was inoculated into calf scrotal skin before grafting onto severe combined immunodeficient mice. inoculation with viral dna isolated from a bovine wart induced fibropapillomas that exhibited all the morphological features of a bpv infection in cattle. the production of capsid protein and infectious bpv2 particles was demonstrated by immunohistochemistry and a transformed cell focus assay. in contrast, the injection of molecularly cloned viral genomic dna le ... | 2002 | 12457989 |
| virus inactivation by high intensity broad spectrum pulsed light. | the inactivation of a range of enveloped and non-enveloped viruses by treatment with high intensity broad spectrum pulsed light (purebright) has been investigated. in phosphate buffered saline, a dose of 1.0 j/cm2 was sufficient to effectively inactivate, i.e. >4.8->7.2 log of all the viruses tested, i.e. sindbis, hsv-1, vaccinia, polio-1, emc, hav, cpv, bpv and sv40. however, in the presence of protein, i.e. 5% v/v foetal-calf serum (0.2% w/v protein), virus inactivation was less effective. at ... | 2003 | 12757921 |
| sequence variants of bovine papillomavirus e5 detected in equine sarcoids. | the equine sarcoid, one of the most common dermatological lesions in equids, is a benign, locally invasive dermal fibroblastic lesion. previous studies have suggested an association with two bovine papilloma virus (bpv) types, bpv-1 and bpv-2. in the present study, we examined sarcoids from horses from two geographical areas, switzerland and the uk, for the major transforming gene of bpv, e5. we detected bpv dna for the e5 open reading frame and viral e5 rna transcripts in most sarcoids. sequenc ... | 2003 | 12951274 |
| presence of bovine papillomavirus type 2 dna and expression of the viral oncoprotein e5 in naturally occurring urinary bladder tumours in cows. | samples of neoplastic and normal urothelium were obtained from cows originating from areas of southern italy, a region in which chronic enzootic haematuria is endemic and bracken fern infestation is widespread. specimens were analysed for bovine papillomavirus type 2 (bpv-2) dna, bpv-2 e5 expression and telomerase activity. a total of 46 of 60 tumours and 17 of 34 normal bladder mucosa samples harboured bpv-2 dna. analysis of a subset of samples showed e5 protein expression and telomerase activi ... | 2003 | 14573796 |
| chromosome aberrations in cattle with chronic enzootic haematuria. | chromosomal aberrations were investigated in 56 cattle with chronic enzootic haematuria (ceh) raised on pastures giving access to bracken fern. of these animals, 27 were slaughtered and showed neoplastic lesions of the urinary bladder. tumour tissue from 11 of the 27 cattle contained bovine papillomavirus type 2 (bpv-2) dna. increased numbers of chromosomal aberrations were seen in all animals with ceh, as compared with 30 control cattle that had had no access to bracken fern. the highest clasto ... | 2004 | 15276863 |
| semi-nested pcr for detection and typing of bovine papillomavirus type 2 in urinary bladder and whole blood from cattle with enzootic haematuria. | bovine papillomavirus type 2 (bpv-2) and chronic intoxication by bracken fern ingestion were associated with urinary bladder lesions and the clinical signs of enzootic haematuria in adult cattle. clinically enzootic haematuria is characterized by intermittent haematuria followed by animal death. enzootic haematuria causes considerable economical impact on extensive cattle breeding worldwide. the demonstration of bpv-2 participation in the etiology of bovine urinary bladder carcinoma by conventio ... | 2005 | 15847940 |
| bovine papillomavirus type-2 (bpv-2) infection and expression of uroplakin iiib, a novel urothelial cell marker, in urinary bladder tumors of cows. | several immunohistochemical markers have been used to define the differentiation pattern of urothelial cell tumors of the urinary bladder. we investigated the expression of the recently characterized uroplakin (up) iiib, an urothelium-specific and differentiation-dependent protein, in 39 urothelial tumors of the urinary bladder in cows that had suffered from chronic enzootic hematuria for several years. bovine papillomavirus type 2 dna was amplified and up iiib protein was detected in all these ... | 2005 | 16301578 |
| bovine papillomavirus type 2 detection in the urinary bladder of cattle with chronic enzootic haematuria. | the bovine papillomavirus type 2 (bpv-2) involvement in the aetiology of chronic enzootic haematuria associated to bracken fern ingestion has been suggested for a long time. however, a few reports have shown the presence of the bpv-2 in urinary bladder tumors of cattle. the aim of this study was to investigate the presence of the bpv-2 infection in the urinary bladder of cattle with chronic enzootic haematuria in brazilian cattle herds. sixty-two urinary bladders were collected from adult cattle ... | 2006 | 17072475 |
| bovine papillomavirus type-2 dna and expression of e5 and e7 oncoproteins in vascular tumours of the urinary bladder in cattle. | cattles suffering from chronic enzootic haematuria frequently develop urinary bladder tumours of both epithelial and mesenchymal origin mainly haemangioma and its malignant counterpart. the role of the bovine papillomavirus type-2 (bpv-2) and of its major transforming oncoprotein in naturally occurring urothelial carcinogenesis has been recently clarified. e5 interacts in vivo as in vitro with the beta receptor for the platelet-derived growth factor (pdgf). however, studies regarding tumours of ... | 2007 | 17125915 |
| association of bovine papillomavirus type-2 and urinary bladder tumours in cattle from romania. | in cattle, bracken fern toxicity is characterized by the presence of haematuria and tumours of the urinary bladder of both epithelial and mesenchymal origin. this syndrome is known as chronic enzootic hematuria (ceh) and is also present in romania. from january 2006 to april 2007, 90 urinary bladders from slaughtered cows originating from hill-mountain area of neamt county (romania), where ceh is endemic, were collected. all samples were histologically examined and bovine papillomavirus type 2 ( ... | 2008 | 18031773 |
| establishment and characterization of equine fibroblast cell lines transformed in vivo and in vitro by bpv-1: model systems for equine sarcoids. | it is now widely recognized that bpv-1 and less commonly bpv-2 are the causative agents of equine sarcoids. here we present the generation of equine cell lines harboring bpv-1 genomes and expressing viral genes. these lines have been either explanted from sarcoid biopsies or generated in vitro by transfection of primary fibroblasts with bpv-1 dna. previously detected bpv-1 genome variations in equine sarcoids are also found in sarcoid cell lines, and only variant bpv-1 genomes can transform equi ... | 2008 | 18191170 |
| multiple glomus tumors of the urinary bladder in a cow associated with bovine papillomavirus type 2 (bpv-2) infection. | we report a case of multiple glomus tumors associated with bovine papillomavirus type 2 (bpv-2) infection in the urinary bladder of a 13-year-old cow suffering from severe chronic enzootic hematuria. macroscopically, multiple submucosal reddish nodules were seen swelling the vesical mucosa. histologically, neoplastic proliferation was characterized by the presence of numerous blood vessels. these were lined by normal endothelial cells surrounded by round epithelioid cells with central nuclei, pr ... | 2008 | 18192572 |
| melanosis of the urinary bladder in a cow. | melanosis of the urinary bladder is a very rare condition characterized by an abnormal black or brownish-black pigmentation of the organ. the pigmentary disorder can involve both the urothelial cell layers and/or the submucosa. the biologic potential of the melanosis of urinary bladder remains unknown because only a few cases have been reported in medical literature. so far melanosis of the urinary bladder is not known to occur in cattle. here we describe the first case of melanosis of the urina ... | 2008 | 18192574 |
| pathological studies on bovine papilloma virus-fern interaction in hamsters. | early pathological changes of bovine papilloma virus (bpv-2)-fern (pteridium aquilinum and onychium contiguum fern) interaction in hamsters were studied. in bracken-exposed cattle, bpv induces malignancy in gastrointestinal and urinary bladder mucosa. cutaneous warts were transmitted successfully in hamsters approximately after 3 months post inoculation while urinary bladder tumour of enzootic bovine haematuria cases were not transmitted. histologically, tumour was diagnosed as fibroma. onychium ... | 2008 | 18335807 |
| lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the urinary bladder in a cow associated with bovine papillomavirus type-2. | lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma (lelca) of the urinary bladder is reported in a 7-year-old cow that had grazed pasture rich in bracken fern and had suffered from severe intermittent haematuria from 3 to 4 years of age. on necropsy examination there were multiple haemorrhagic foci scattered over the mucosal surface of the urinary bladder. microscopically there were nests, cords and sheets of neoplastic cells infiltrating the lamina propria and muscularis propria. these had a syncytial appearance ... | 2008 | 18675990 |
| fibropapilloma of the glans penis in a horse. | an 18-year-old arabian stallion was presented for recent onset of stranguria. physical examination of the distal portion of the glans penis revealed multiple, smooth, glistening, grayish-pink, variably sized, exophytic, nodular masses circumferentially surrounding the external urethral orifice. partial penile amputation was performed, and the entire specimen was submitted for histological evaluation. microscopically, the masses consisted of abundant amounts of loosely arranged fibrovascular stro ... | 2008 | 18987237 |
| detection of bovine papillomavirus type 2 in the peripheral blood of cattle with urinary bladder tumours: possible biological role. | bovine papillomavirus type 2 (bpv-2) infection has been associated with urinary bladder tumours in adult cattle grazing on bracken fern-infested land. in this study, we investigated the simultaneous presence of bpv-2 in whole blood and urinary bladder tumours of adult cattle in an attempt to better understand the biological role of circulating bpv-2. peripheral blood samples were collected from 78 cattle clinically suffering from a severe chronic enzootic haematuria. circulating bpv-2 dna was de ... | 2008 | 19008389 |
| bovine papillomavirus type 1 dna and e5 oncoprotein expression in water buffalo fibropapillomas. | papillomas and fibropapillomas may occur in the skin and in different organs in animals. ten different genotypes of bovine papillomavirus (bpv) have been identified. bpv-1 through bpv-10 are all strictly species-specific, but bpv-1/2 may also infect other species such as equids, inducing fibroblastic tumors. bpv-1 and bpv-2 are associated with fibropapillomas in cattle; these tumors are formed by excessive proliferation of virus-infected dermal fibroblasts and epidermal keratinocytes. nine water ... | 2009 | 19276046 |
| ferritin heavy chain (fhc) is up-regulated in papillomavirus-associated urothelial tumours of the urinary bladder in cattle. | the up-regulation of ferritin heavy chain (fhc) is reported in six papillary and in four invasive urothelial tumours of the urinary bladder of cattle grazing on mountain pastures rich in bracken fern. all tumours contained sequence of bovine papillomavirus type-2 (bpv-2) as determined by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) analyses and validated by direct sequencing of the amplified products. the oncoprotein e5 was also detected in these tumours by immunoprecipitation and by immunofluorescence and l ... | 2010 | 19596355 |
| sigma-2 receptor expression in bovine papillomavirus-associated urinary bladder tumours. | the expression of sigma-2 receptors was investigated in nine urothelial tumours of the urinary bladder of cattle. each tumour was associated with the presence of dna of bovine papillomavirus type-2 (bpv-2) and expression of the e5 viral oncoprotein. five tumours were classified as low-grade carcinoma on the basis of morphological criteria and calculation of mean nuclear area (mna) and mean nuclear perimeter (mnp). four tumours were classified as high-grade carcinoma. sigma-2 receptors were overe ... | 2010 | 19631333 |
| bovine papillomavirus type 1 (bpv1) and bpv2 are closely related serotypes. | infection with bovine papillomavirus type 1 (bpv1) or bpv2 induces fibropapillomas in cows and skin sarcoids in horses. prophylactic vaccination targeting bpv1 and bpv2 may reduce the incidence of these economically important diseases. the l1 major capsid proteins of bpv1 and bpv2 were expressed in sf-9 insect cells and both self-assembled into virus-like particles (vlps). using conformation-dependent monoclonal antibodies (mab) both type-specific and shared epitopes were detected. antisera were ... | 2009 | 19729180 |
| simultaneous presence of bovine papillomavirus in blood and in short-term lymphocyte cultures from dairy cattle in pernambuco, brazil. | bovine papillomaviruses (bpv) are the causal agents of benign and malignant lesions; they can cause dramatic economic losses in cattle. although 10 virus types have been described, three types are most common in tumors, namely bpv-1, -2 and -4. previous studies have reported bpv in blood cells and the possibility of blood acting as a latent virus site and/or transmission agent of virus dissemination. we studied a holstein dairy herd in pernambuco, brazil, in which several animals showed severe c ... | 2009 | 20082260 |
| association of bovine papillomavirus type 2 (bpv-2) and urinary bladder tumours in cattle from the azores archipelago. | urinary bladder tumours in cattle are caused by chronic ingestion of bracken fern and bpv-1/2 infection. the objective of the present study was to assess if bpv-2 was present in urinary bladder lesions from cattle with chronic enzootic haematuria (ceh) from the azores archipelago (portugal), in order to gain further information regarding the epidemiologic distribution of this virus. samples were analysed using pcr specific primers for bpv-2 dna and an immunohistochemistry for bpv e5 oncoprotein ... | 2011 | 20189209 |
| calpain3 is expressed in a proteolitically active form in papillomavirus-associated urothelial tumors of the urinary bladder in cattle. | calpain 3 (capn3), also named p94, is a skeletal muscle tissue-specific protein known to be responsible for limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2a (lgmd2a). recent experimental studies have hypothesized a pro-apoptotic role of capn3 in some melanoma cell lines. so far the link between calpain3 and tumors comes from in vitro studies. the objective of this study was to describe capn3 activation in naturally occurring urothelial tumors of the urinary bladder in cattle. | 2010 | 20421977 |
| intralesional bovine papillomavirus dna loads reflect severity of equine sarcoid disease. | sarcoids are nonmetastasising, yet locally aggressive skin tumours that constitute the most frequent neoplasm in equids. infection by bovine papillomaviruses types 1 and 2 (bpv-1, bpv-2) has been recognised as major causative factor in sarcoid pathogenesis, but a possible correlation of intralesional virus load with disease severity has not been established thus far. | 2010 | 20525051 |
| detection of a novel porcine parvovirus, ppv4, in chinese swine herds. | to determine whether the novel porcine parvovirus type 4 (ppv4) recently reported in america is prevalent in china, a set of specific primers was designed and used for molecular survey of ppv4 among the clinical samples collected from various provinces of china between 2006 and 2010. the results showed that ppv4 is present in chinese swine herds at a rate of 2.09% (12/573) among the clinical samples examined and 0.76% (1/132) among the samples taken from healthy animals. we also noted that ppv4 ... | 2010 | 21092136 |
| peripheral blood mononuclear cells are additional sites of productive infection of bovine papillomavirus type 2. | bovine papillomavirus type 2 (bpv-2) is an oncogenic virus infecting both epithelial and mesenchymal cells. its life cycle, similar to other papillomaviruses, appears to be linked to epithelial differentiation. human and bovine papillomaviruses have been shown to circulate as a latent, episomal form in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc); therefore, it is believed that blood cells, like all mesenchymal cells, function as nonpermissive carriers. for the first time in veterinary and comparat ... | 2011 | 21525209 |
| preliminary assessment of binary ethylenimine inactivated and saponized cutaneous warts (bpv-2) therapeutic vaccine for enzootic bovine haematuria in hill cows. | a preliminary therapeutic vaccine trial was conducted in hill cows to evaluate the therapeutic potential of binary ethylenimine (bei) inactivated and saponized bovine papillomavirus-2 (bpv-2) for enzootic bovine haematuria (ebh). although the vaccine failed to show favorable clinical vaccine results in treatment of ebh affected cows at 120 days post-vaccination but immunopathological responses were encouraging. a significant difference was observed in humoral (against brucella abortus strain 19s ... | 2011 | 21803104 |
| detection and quantification of bovine papilloma virus type 2 (bpv-2) by real-time pcr in urine and urinary bladder lesions in enzootic bovine haematuria (ebh)-affected cows. | this study was conducted with the objectives of detecting bovine papillomavirus type 2 (bpv-2) in urine samples and urinary bladder lesions in bovines using polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and real-time pcr-based molecular diagnostic tests, and quantifying bpv-2 in urinary bladder lesions especially in enzootic bovine haematuria (ebh)-affected animals. bpv-2 viral dna was detected in urine samples (50%) and urinary bladder tissue (68.6%). cloning and sequencing results showed a close homology wi ... | 2011 | 21797988 |
| inoculation of young horses with bpv-1 virion leads to early infection of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) prior to pseudo-sarcoid formation. | bovine papillomavirus types 1 and 2 (bpv-1, bpv-2) are known to induce common equine skin tumours termed sarcoids. recently, we have demonstrated that vaccination with bpv-1 virus-like particles (vlp) is safe and highly immunogenic in horses. to establish a bpv-1 challenge model for evaluation of the protective potential of bpv-1 vlps, 4 foals were intradermally injected with infectious bpv-1 virion, viral genome-based and control inocula, and daily monitored for tumour development. blood was ta ... | 2011 | 21715602 |
| detection of bovine papillomavirus type 2 dna in commercial frozen semen of bulls (bos taurus). | papillomaviruses are found in epithelial lesions and are linked to different carcinogenic processes in humans and other animals. although bovine papillomavirus (bpv) has been characterized as epitheliotropic, the presence of viral dna has been detected in other sample types, including fresh semen. the aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of bpv dna in spermatozoa and seminal plasma samples of commercial frozen semen taken from bulls (bos taurus) and its effects on semen function. pcr a ... | 2011 | 22172321 |
| detection and characterisation of papillomavirus in skin lesions of giraffe and sable antelope in south africa. | papillomavirus was detected electron microscopically in cutaneous fibropapillomas of a giraffe (giraffa camelopardalis) and a sable antelope (hippotragus niger). the virus particles measured 45 nm in diameter. histopathologically, the lesions showed histopathological features similar to those of equine sarcoid as well as positive immunoperoxidase-staining of tissue sections for papillomavirus antigen. polymerase chain reaction (pcr) detected bovine papillomavirus (bpv) dna. bovine papillomavirus ... | 2011 | 22135920 |
| Safety and immunogenicity of BPV-1 L1 virus-like particles in a dose-escalation vaccination trial in horses. | Reasons for performing study: Infection with bovine papillomaviruses types 1 and 2 (BPV-1, BPV-2) can lead to the development of therapy-resistant skin tumours termed sarcoids and possibly other skin diseases in equids. Although sarcoids seriously compromise the welfare of affected animals and cause considerable economic losses, no prophylactic vaccine is available to prevent this common disease. In several animal species and man, immunisation with papillomavirus-like particles (VLP) has been sh ... | 2012 | 21895749 |
| pathological study of non-neoplastic urinary bladder lesions in cattle and buffaloes: a preliminary report. | a total of 236 urinary bladders (94 cattle and 142 buffaloes) collected from bareilly, uttar pradesh, india, were studied for spontaneous lesions. these adult animals belonged to institute's organized dairy farm and rural areas in the rohilkhand region of uttar pradesh. grossly, congestion, hemorrhages, and cystoliths in urinary bladders were diagnosed. histopathologically, the major conditions diagnosed were acute cystitis, 44 (18.64%), including, congestion, hemorrhages, sub-acute cystitis; ch ... | 2011 | 21935661 |
| potential of a bpv1 l1 vlp vaccine to prevent bpv1- or bpv2-induced pseudo-sarcoid formation and safety and immunogenicity of ecpv2 l1 vlps in the horse. | we have previously shown that immunization of horses with bpv1 l1 virus-like particles (vlp) is safe and highly immunogenic, and that bovine papillomavirus types 1 and 2 (bpv1, bpv2) are closely related serotypes. here we evaluated the protective potential of a bpv1 l1 vlp vaccine against experimental bpv1 and bpv2 challenge, and studied the safety and immunogenicity of a bivalent ecpv2/bpv1 l1 vlp vaccine. fourteen healthy horses were immunized with bpv1 l1 vlps (100 µg/injection) plus adjuvant ... | 2016 | 27926826 |
| bovine papillomavirus type 13 expression in the urothelial bladder tumours of cattle. | bovine papillomavirus type 13 (bpv-13), a novel deltapapillomavirus, has been found associated with urothelial tumours of the urinary bladder of cattle grazing on lands infested with bracken fern. bpv-13 was detected in 28 of 39 urothelial tumours. diagnosis was based on sequencing of l1 and e5 amplicons from tumour samples. the nucleotide sequences generated from these amplicons showed a 100% homology with the sequences of bpv-13 l1 and e5 dna found in brazil from a fibropapilloma of the ear in ... | 2016 | 25597262 |
| detection and phylogenetic analysis of bovine papillomavirus in cutaneous warts in cattle in tamaulipas, mexico. | papillomas occur more frequently in cattle than other domestic animals. the causal agent of bovine papillomatosis is a virus that belongs to the family papillomaviridae. in tamaulipas, mexico, the virus is considered a serious problem and has impeded the export of cattle to the united states, resulting in serious economic losses. owing to the lack of information regarding the subtypes of papillomaviruses that infect cattle in mexico, the aim of this study was to determine the subtypes in tamauli ... | 2016 | 27733780 |
| bos taurus papillomavirus activity in peripheral blood mononuclear cells: demonstrating a productive infection. | bovine papillomavirus (bpv) is an oncogenic virus with mucous and epithelial tropism. possible productive virus infection in other tissues, such as blood, has been hypothesized. in order to investigate this possibility, three samples of skin papillomas and blood were collected from bovines with bpv infection and five samples of peripheral blood and one sample of normal tissue were collected from a calf without bpv infection. peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmcs) were isolated from whole blo ... | 2015 | 26681018 |
| papillomavirus in healthy skin and mucosa of wild ruminants in the italian alps. | we investigated healthy skin and mucosal specimens of wild ruminants in the italian alps. we identified bovine papillomavirus (bpv)-2 dna in the healthy skin of wild ruminants and documented coinfection of bpv-1 and cervus elaphus papillomavirus (cepv)-1 in a healthy red deer (cervus elaphus). we also demonstrated cross-infections of bpvs of the genus xipapillomavirus, both as single virus infection and also in association with deltapapillomavirus types 1 and 2, confirming that host tropism of p ... | 2016 | 26540178 |
| bovine papillomavirus in beef cattle: first description of bpv-12 and putative type bapv8 in brazil. | bovine papillomavirus (bpv) is an oncogenic virus associated with benign and malignant lesions, which result in notable economic losses. peripheral blood samples and cutaneous papillomas were obtained from four adult beef cattle. viral molecular identification was performed using specific primers for bpv-1, -2 and -4 in blood diagnosis and fap59/fap64 for skin papillomas. histopathologic examination was done as a complementary and differential diagnosis. the fragments were purified, sequenced, a ... | 2014 | 25117322 |
| bovine papillomavirus isolation by ultracentrifugation. | the bovine papillomavirus (bpv) is the etiological agent of bovine papillomatosis, which causes significant economic losses to livestock, characterized by the presence of papillomas that regress spontaneously or persist and progress to malignancy. currently, there are 13 types of bpvs described in the literature as well as 32 putative new types. this study aimed to isolate viral particles of bpv from skin papillomas, using a novel viral isolation method. the virus types were previously identifie ... | 2014 | 25102429 |
| potential of a bpv1 l1 vlp vaccine to prevent bpv1- or bpv2-induced pseudo-sarcoid formation and safety and immunogenicity of ecpv2 l1 vlps in horse. | we have previously shown that immunization of horses with bovine papillomavirus type 1 (bpv1) l1 virus-like particles (vlps) is safe and highly immunogenic and that bpv1 and bovine papillomavirus type 2 (bpv2) are closely related serotypes. here we evaluated the protective potential of a bpv1 l1 vlp vaccine against experimental bpv1 and bpv2 challenge and studied the safety and immunogenicity of a bivalent equine papillomavirus type 2 (ecpv2)/bpv1 l1 vlp vaccine. fourteen healthy horses were imm ... | 2017 | 28284277 |
| extracellular matrix remodeling in equine sarcoid: an immunohistochemical and molecular study. | equine sarcoids are locally invasive, fibroblastic benign skin tumors. bovine papillomavirus type-1 (bpv-1) and/or bovine papillomavirus type-2 (bpv-2) are believed to be the causative agent of sarcoids, although the mechanisms by which the virus induce the tumor are still poorly understood. we hypothesized that in genetically predisposed equines latent bpv infection may be reactivated by immunosoppression and/or mechanical injury leading to a form of pathologic wound which may transform into a ... | 2016 | 26838095 |
| sarcoids. | sarcoids are the most common skin tumors seen in horses worldwide. the pathogenesis of sarcoids is multifactorial, including an association with bovine papillomavirus types 1 and 2 and a genetic susceptibility to tumor development. clinical manifestations vary and include occult, verrucous, nodular, fibroblastic, mixed, and malignant (malevolent) types. the tumor is nonmetastasizing but can become very aggressive locally. multiple tumors are common. all clinical types can be present in the same ... | 2013 | 24267682 |
| expression of the bovine papillomavirus type 1, 2 and 4 l1 genes in the yeast pichia pastoris. | papillomaviruses are known to cause benign or malignant lesions in various animals. in cattle, bovine papillomavirus (bpv) is the etiologic agent of papillomatosis and neoplasia of the upper gastrointestinal tract and urinary bladder. currently, there are no standard diagnostic tests or prophylactic vaccines. protection against papillomavirus infection is conferred by neutralizing antibodies directed towards the major structural protein l1. these antibodies can be efficiently induced by immuniza ... | 2012 | 22869085 |
| complete genome sequence of deltapapillomavirus 4 (bovine papillomavirus 2) from a bovine papillomavirus lesion in amazon region, brazil. | the complete genome sequence of bovine papillomavirus 2 (bpv2) from brazilian amazon region was determined using multiple-primed rolling circle amplification followed by illumina sequencing. the genome is 7,947 bp long, with 45.9% gc content. it encodes seven early (e1, e2,e4, e5, e6,e7, and e8) and two late (l1 and l2) genes. the complete genome of a bpv2 can help in future studies since this bpv type is highly reported worldwide although the lack of complete genome sequences available. | 2016 | 27074259 |
| [sequence and structural analyses of the complete genome of bovine papillomavirus 2 genotype aks-01 strain from skin samples of cows in southern xinjiang, china]. | to study the complete genomic sequence, genomic characteristics, and genetic variation of the bovine papillomavirus 2 genotype (bpv-2) aks-01 strain at the molecular level, genotyping of this strain from the skin samples of cows in southern xinjiang (china) was first detected by the polymerase chain reaction with fap59/fap64 primers. based on the complete genome of the bpv-2 reference strain, specific primers and sequencing primers were designed, and the complete genome of the aks-01 strain ampl ... | 2015 | 26524909 |
| detection and quantification of bovine papillomavirus type 2 in urinary bladders and lymph nodes in cases of bovine enzootic hematuria from the endemic region of azores. | bovine enzootic hematuria (beh) is a disease with a severe impact on production indexes and characterized by the development of bovine urinary bladder tumors, particularly in the azores archipelago. the purpose of this study was to investigate and quantify bpv2 tissue distribution in bovine urinary bladder tumors, normal bladders, and iliac lymph nodes of cattle from the azores. a real-time pcr system targeting the l1 gene was developed and allowed for the specific detection of the virus. bpv2 d ... | 2015 | 26003566 |
| first report of a variant bovine papillomavirus type 2 (bpv-2) in cattle in the iberian peninsula. | infections caused by bovine papillomavirus (bpv) have been described worldwide. some types, like bpv-1 and bpv-2, have been reported in association with skin warts and fibropapillomas in cattle and sarcoids in equids. in this study we have investigated the presence of bpv in cutaneous warts isolated from a steer in spain. cutaneous fibropapillomatosis was confirmed by histopathological analysis. complete genome was amplified by multiple-primed rolling circle and the l1, e5 and e6 genes were sequ ... | 2014 | 25273965 |
| bovine papillomavirus type 2 (bpv-2) e5 oncoprotein binds to the subunit d of the v₁-atpase proton pump in naturally occurring urothelial tumors of the urinary bladder of cattle. | active infection by bovine papillomavirus type 2 (bpv-2) was documented for fifteen urinary bladder tumors in cattle. two were diagnosed as papillary urothelial neoplasm of low malignant potential (punlmp), nine as papillary and four as invasive urothelial cancers. | 2014 | 24586417 |
| bovine papillomavirus type 2 infection and a series of mesenchymal tumors of the urinary bladder in cattle. | this report describes the histopathology of two hundred and fifty-three mesenchymal tumors of the urinary bladder in cattle grazing on lands rich in bracken fern. approximately 80% were hemangiomas and angiosarcomas. hemangioma (capillary, cavernous, and large vessels) was the most frequent mesenchymal tumor and was more common than angiosarcoma. although the appearance of endothelial cells can vary remarkably, epithelioid angiosarcomas, often containing multinucleated cells, were the most frequ ... | 2013 | 23862156 |
| bovine papillomavirus type 2 infection and microscopic patterns of urothelial tumors of the urinary bladder in water buffaloes. | microscopic patterns of thirty-four urothelial tumors of the urinary bladder of water buffaloes from the marmara and black sea regions of turkey are here described. all the animals grazed on lands rich in bracken fern. histological diagnosis was assessed using morphological parameters recently suggested for the urinary bladder tumors of cattle. papillary carcinoma was the most common neoplastic lesion (22/34) observed in this study, and low-grade carcinoma was more common (seventeen cases) than ... | 2013 | 23762866 |
| productive infection of bovine papillomavirus type 2 in the urothelial cells of naturally occurring urinary bladder tumors in cattle and water buffaloes. | papillomaviruses (pvs) are highly epitheliotropic as they usually establish productive infections within squamous epithelia of the skin, the anogenital tract and the oral cavity. in this study, early (e) and late (l) protein expression of bovine papillomavirus type 2 (bpv-2) in the urothelium of the urinary bladder is described in cows and water buffaloes suffering from naturally occurring papillomavirus-associated urothelial bladder tumors. | 2013 | 23667460 |
| the environmental and human effects of ptaquiloside-induced enzootic bovine hematuria: a tumorous disease of cattle. | in this review, we address the major aspects of enzootic bovine hematuria and have placed special emphasis on describing the etiology, human health implications, and advanced molecular diagnosis of the disease.enzootic bovine hematuria (ebh) is a bovine disease characterized by the intermittent presence of blood in the urine and is caused by malignant lesions in the urinary bladder. this incurable disease is a serious malady in several countries across many continents. accurate early-stage diagn ... | 2013 | 23232919 |
| bovine papillomavirus type 2 infects the urinary bladder of water buffalo (bubalus bubalis) and plays a crucial role in bubaline urothelial carcinogenesis. | bovine papillomavirus type 2 (bpv-2) has been shown to infect and play a role in urinary bladder carcinogenesis of buffaloes grazed on pastures with ferns from the marmara and black sea regions of turkey. bpv-2 dna has been found in both neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions of the urinary bladder. furthermore, this virus may be a normal inhabitant of the urinary bladder since bpv-2 dna has also been detected in clinically normal buffaloes. the viral activation by fern immunosuppressant or carci ... | 2013 | 23100367 |
| bacterial isolates from the urine of cattle affected by urothelial tumors of the urinary bladder. | microbiological investigations were performed on urine samples from 108 cows affected by urothelial tumors of the urinary bladder. bacteria, frequently of mixed population, were isolated from 100 animals. gram-positive bacteria prevailed, with staphylococcus spp. and bacillus spp. being the most common. escherichia coli and acinetobacter spp. were the most frequently recovered gram-negative bacteria. e5 oncoprotein was detected in 86 of the 108 urothelial tumors under study. in the majority of c ... | 2012 | 22819732 |
| productive infection of bovine papillomavirus type 2 in the placenta of pregnant cows affected with urinary bladder tumors. | papillomaviruses (pvs) are believed to be highly epitheliotropic as they usually establish productive infections within stratified epithelia. in vitro, various pvs appear to complete their entire life-cycle in different trophoblastic cell lines. in this study, infection by and protein expression of bovine papillomavirus type 2 (bpv-2) in the uterine and chorionic epithelium of the placenta has been described in four cows suffering from naturally occurring papillomavirus-associated urothelial bla ... | 2012 | 22479413 |