| thymidine-kinase in cytomegalovirus infected cells. | in human diploid fibroblast lep cells infected with ad169 strain of human cytomegalovirus (cmv) a sharp increase of cytosol thymidine kinase activity was observed. the properties of the cytosol enzymes from infected and non-infected cells were compared. no significant differences between the enzymes from infected and control cells were observed in substrate specificity, ph dependence, thermostability and relative electrophoretic mobility. human sera containing high titres of cmv complement-fixin ... | 1976 | 13768 |
| human cytomegalovirus. a review of developments between 1970 and 1976. i. clinical developments. | cytomegalovirus (cmv), like other members of the herpesviruses, is widely distributed in human populations where the frequency of seropositive individuals is influenced by such factors as age, sex and socio-economic conditions. while this virus causes such diseases as mononucleosis, it is also implicated in autoimmune phenomena and plays an adverse role renal and bone marrow transplantation. perhaps the most menacing aspect of cmv is the role which it play in congenital malformations resulting f ... | 1977 | 16671 |
| stimulation of cellular thymidine kinases by human cytomegalovirus. | thymidine kinase (tk) activity in wi-38 and mrc-5 human fibroblasts was analyzed by discontinuous polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (disc-page) and discontinuous glycerol gradient electrophoresis (disc-gep) after subculture or human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) infection. two peaks of tk activity with different relative fraction-of-migration (r(f)) values were resolved by disc-page or disc-gep in extracts from log-phase and infected cells. growing wi-38 cells expressed a slowly migrating (r(f) = 0.14 ... | 1977 | 20515 |
| effects of cytosine arabinoside on the incorporation of pyrimidine nucleosides into hamster cells transformed by herpes simplex type 1 and type 2 viruses and by human cytomegalovirus. | the incorporation of 3h-thymidine and 3h-deoxycytidine into acidoprecipitable fraction of hamster cells transformed by herpes simplex viruses type 1 and type 2 and of 3h-thymidine into hamster cells transformed by human cytomegalovirus was found to be resistant to the action of cytosine arabinoside. more 3h-thymidine was incorporated into these cells in the presence than in the absence of the drug. similar stimulaton of 3h-thymidine uptake could be achieved by using unlabelled deoxycytidine inst ... | 1979 | 40418 |
| murine model for immunoprophylaxis of cytomegalovirus infection. i. efficacy of immunization. | murine cytomegalovirus was utilized as a model for human cytomegalovirus, which had no experimental animal, to study immunoprophylaxis of the cytomegalovirus infections. (1) murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv) serially propagated in mouse embryonic fibroblasts had lost pathogenicity for weanling mice including neonatally thymectomized mice. (2) the cell culture-adapted mcmv was effective as a "live, attenuated virus vaccine" against challenge by virulent, mouse-passaged mcmv. (3) the immunization via ... | 1978 | 85239 |
| cellular immune response to human cytomegalovirus. i. lymphocyte transformation studies in the rabbit. | the lymphocyte transformation assay was used to monitor the cellular immune response of rabbits sensitized to cytomegalovirus (cmv). peripheral blood lymphocytes from animals inoculated with purified virus were specifically stimulated by crude or twice-banded cmv. blood cells from rabbits immunized to herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) responded to that antigen but not to cmv. viable or heated cmv preparations stimulated unwashed blood cells as efficiently as washed cells. furthermore, preincub ... | 1979 | 85612 |
| neutralization kinetic studies with genital cytomegalovirus isolates, an antigenically variable group. | antisera were prepared in rabbits against four low-passage genital isolates, and against two established strains of human cytomegalovirus. with these sera, and seven strains of virus, 42 virus-antisera combinations were examined by kinetic neutralization procedures, and nk-values derived. no evidence accrued indicating that the five genital isolates constituted an antigenically distinct group. the findings support the view that the human cytomegaloviruses are antigenically heterogeneous, with di ... | 1978 | 87363 |
| antigens of human cytomegalovirus: electroimmunodiffusion assay and comparison among strains. | the antigens of strain ad169 of human cytomegalovirus (cmv) were extracted by various methods and at different times following the appearance of cytopathic effects (c.p.e.) in infected fibroblasts. assay with a pooled human serum in electroimmunodiffusion (eid) revealed that the most reactive preparations were obtained by shell-freeze (sf) extraction on the fourth day after 4+c.p.e. as many as 20 antigens could be detected in the original gels, most of which were stable upon storage at 4 degrees ... | 1979 | 90119 |
| the effect of supraoptimal temperature on the multiplication of different cytomegalovirus strains. | the virion synthesis by five human cytomegalovirus (cmv) strains in human embryonic fibroblast cultures was stopped by incubation of the infected cultures at 40 degrees c. at this temperature the antigens appeared diffusely filling the nucleus and the cytoplasm. the blocking effect of the elevated temperature was exerted in the same period of the reproduction cycle as the inhibitory effect of cytosine arabinoside (ara-c). in cell cultures infected with cmv and incubated first at 40 degrees c, th ... | 1975 | 163057 |
| human cytomegalovirus stimulates host cell rna synthesis. | human cytomegalovirus infection of human fibroblast cells (wi-38) induced cellular rna synthesis. the rna synthesis in infected cultures preceded the synthesis of viral dna and progeny virus by approximately 24 h. rna species synthesized in infected cells included ribosomal 28s and 18s; and 4s transfer rna; all were markedly increased in comparison to uninfected cells. this induction of host cell rna synthesis was dependent upon a protein(s) that was synthesized during the early stages of infect ... | 1975 | 163357 |
| partial characterization of a soluble antigen preparation from cells infected with human cytomegalovirus: properties of antisera prepared to the antigen. | soluble antigen (sa) preparations were obtained from cell cultures infected with either the davis or ad169 strains of cytomegalovirus (cmv). fractionation of sa preparations through sephadex g-200 resulted in a molecular weight value ranging from 67,000 to 85,000. rate-zonal centrifugation produced an approximate value of 5.5s for the cmv antigenic material. antisera to sa prepared from either ad169- or davis-infected cells lacked neutralizing activity but produced specific fluorescence confined ... | 1975 | 164507 |
| the effect of arginine deprivation on the cytopathogenic effect and replication of human cytomegalovirus. | arginine is necessary for the development of the cytopathogenic effect of human cytomegalovirus in human embryonic fibroblasts. it is also required, though in greater concentrations, for the production of infective virions, the requirement being at an early stage of replication. inhibitor studies suggested that this block in replication caused by arginine deficiency was prior to the formation of viral dna. withdrawal of arginine from the medium 24 or 48 hours after infection resulted in a declin ... | 1975 | 167690 |
| human cytomegalovirus. iii. virus-induced dna polymerase. | infection of wi-38 human fibroblasts with human cytomegalovirus (cmv) led to the stimulation of host cell dna polymerase synthesis and induction of a novel virus-specific dna polymerase. this cytomegalovirus-induced dna polymerase was purified and separated from host cell enzymes by deae-cellulose and phosphocellulose column chromatographies. it can be distinguished from host cell enzymes by chromatographic behavior, template primer specificity, sedimentation property, and the requirement of sal ... | 1975 | 168404 |
| demonstration of the oncogenic potential of herpes simplex viruses and human cytomegalovirus. | | 1975 | 169029 |
| candidate cytomegalovirus strain for human vaccination. | a strain of human cytomegalovirus called towne was isolated in wi-38 human fibrolast cell cultures from the urine of an infected infant. it was then passaged 125 times in wi-38, including three clonings, and a pool was prepared in the same cell substrate for use as a potential live attenuated vaccine. the towne virus has a broad antigenicity and cross-reacts with the ad-169 strain. several markers of the towne virus were found which differentiated it from fresh isolates. one of these was resista ... | 1975 | 170203 |
| inhibition of human cytomegalovirus by rifampin. | replication of human cytomegalovirus (cmv) was inhibited by 50 mug/ml of rifampin. nevertheless, a number of functions of cmv were still expressed in the presence of rifampin, including early cell rounding, and the development of immuno-fluorescent antigen, haemadsorption antigen, complement-fixing antigen and precipitin antigens. if rifampin was kept in the culture medium for longer than 48 h, infectious virus was not synthesized, but removal of rifampin resulted in restoration of virus titre w ... | 1975 | 170379 |
| cytopathogenicity of cytomegalovirus to human ecto- and endocervical epithelial cells in vitro. | the effect of cytomegalovirus on cell cultures initiated from human uterine endo- and ectocervix was studied. pure epithelial cultures were obtained which differed in morphology depending on the source. the ectocervical cells grew in mosaic-like regular epithelial patterns, whereas endocervical cultures had a poorer intercellular cohesion, irregular polygonal cell form and curved cytoplasmic processes. occasional fibroblastic colonies grew in three out of 32 ectocervical cultures and in none of ... | 1975 | 170769 |
| demonstration of immunoglobulin g receptors induced by human cytomegalovirus. | human cytomegalovirus induced a new immunoglobulin g receptor in human fibroblasts. the immunoglobulin g receptor was well localized in the perinuclear region at 48 h postinfection, and antiviral agents blocked its synthesis. the immunoglobulin g receptor bound immunoglobulin g of man and several other species. it may be a source of error in the performance of indirect fluorescence tests for human cytomegalovirus antibody. | 1975 | 171279 |
| human cytomegalovirus. iv. specific inhibition of virus-induced dna polymerase activity and viral dna replication by phosphonoacetic acid. | phosphonoacetic acid specifically inhibited human cytomegalovirus dna synthesis in virus-infected human fibroblasts as detected by virus-specific nucleic acid hybridization. inhibition was reversible; viral dna synthesis resumed upon the removal of the drug. the compound partially inhibited dna synthesis of host cells in the log phase of growth but had little effect on confluent cells. studies of partially purified enzymes indicated that phosphonoacetic acid specifically inhibited virus-induced ... | 1975 | 172657 |
| [the immunoperoxidase technic in the rapid identification of human cytomegalovirus on primary isolation]. | immunoperoxidase technique has been applied to the rapid identification of human cytomegalovirus (cmv) strains on primary isolation. negative and positive results have been constantly confirmed by indirect fluorescent antibody technique (ifa) and by electron microscopy. using either direct or indirect method it was observed that problems of nonspecific staining of uninfected cells were encountered mostly with direct method, probably because of the lower working dilution of the conjugate (1:20) a ... | 1975 | 173375 |
| [differential ultrastructural elements in human cytomegalovirus and herpes simplex virus replication in cultures of human cells]. | differential ultrastructural features in the replicative cycle between a strain of human cytomegalovirus (cmv) and two strains (types 1 and 2) of herpes simplex virus (hsv) have been studied by electron microscopy. either on the same or different host cell system four differential aspects have been constantly observed: a) presence in cmv infected cells of a large nuclear inclusion, lacking in hsv infected cells; b) envelopment of cmv capsids by microvescicular systems near the nuclear membrane, ... | 1975 | 173614 |
| proceedings: studies on the replication of human cytomegalovirus in human embryo cells. | | 1975 | 173687 |
| [study of organ cultures of human embryonic intestines infected with the human cytomegalovirus and the japanese encephalitis virus]. | reproduction of human cytomegalovirus (cmv) and japanese encephalitis virus (je) was studied in organ cultures of human embryo intestine under conditions of mono- and combined infection. the titer of je virus in monoinfection reached its maximum level (10(7) tcd50/ml) whereas the titer of cmv did not exceed 10(2) tcd50/ml. in combined infection the titer of cmv increased to 10(5.5) tcd50/ml and the titer of je virus remained at the same level (10(7) tcd50/ml). the results obtained in light and s ... | 1975 | 174325 |
| [indirect hemagglutination test as a rapid method for the diagnosis of human cytomegalovirus infection]. | | 1975 | 175584 |
| induction of dna polymerase in wi-38 and guinea pig cells infected with human cytomegalovirus (hcmv). | | 1976 | 176810 |
| effect of cytosine arabinoside and 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine on a cytomegalovirus infection in newborn mice. | murine cytomegalovirus was inhibited by 0.6 to 1.2 mug of cytosine arabinoside per ml and by 0.3 to 0.6 mug of 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine in mouse embryo fibroblast cells. human cytomegalovirus was inhibited by similar concentrations of the two drugs in wi-38 cells. intraperitoneal inoculation of suckling mice with 10(4.5) plaque-forming units of murine cytomegalovirus provides a model for disseminated human cytomegalovirus infection in human newborn infants and is characterized by a widespread infe ... | 1976 | 176935 |
| in-vitro cultivation of human cytomegalovirus in thyroid epithelial cells. | several strains of human cytomegalovirus including recent isolates, were grown in epithelial cells derived from thyroid tissue. all the strains tested grew in these cultures without pre-treatment of the cells, and no difference in cytopathic effect was detected between strains of genital and non-genital origin. 4 strains of cmv were isolated directly from urine in thyroid cells; however the failure to isolate 6 further strains in these cultures from other specimens may indicate that a higher mul ... | 1976 | 176966 |
| immunoperoxidase technique for detection of antibodies to human cytomegalovirus. | the indirect immunoperoxidase antibody technique (ipa) has been applied to determine immunoglobulin (ig)g to humans cytomegalovirus (cmv) antibodies in 114 blood donor sera, four cases of congenital cytomegalic inclusion disease, and four cases of acquired cmv infection. the results have been compared with those obtained with the cmv complement fixation (cf) test and indirect fluorescent antibody technique (ifa) for broad spectrum cmv antibody (sigmaab) detection. igg antibody has been detected ... | 1976 | 178690 |
| replication of human cytomegalovirus dna: lack of dependence on cell dna synthesis. | human cytomegalovirus (cmv) dna synthesis was studied in 5-fluorouracil (fu)-treated and untreated human embryonic lung cells, which differ greatly with respect to the number of cells in the culture synthesizing cellular dna. cmv dna synthesis proceeded at the same rate in fu-treated and in untreated cells. cmv infection also reversed the inhibitory effects of fu and activated cellular dna synthesis in some of the cells in the fu-treated culture. autoradiographic studies showed that more than 20 ... | 1976 | 178912 |
| oncogenic transformation of human embryo lung cells by human cytomegalovirus. | persistent infection of human embryo lung fibroblasts with a genital isolate of cytomegalovirus resulted in oncogenic transformation of these cells. immunofluorescence techniques detected virus-specific antigens, while microcytotoxicity tests established that the transformed cells share a membrane antigen with hamster cells transformed by inactivated cytomegalovirus. the transformed human cells induced progressively growing tumors in weanling athymic nude mice. | 1976 | 179143 |
| the immunoperoxidase technique for rapid human cytomegalovirus identification. | sixteen cytomegalovirus (cmv) isolates from both ill and healthy patients were identified by the immunoperoxidase technique (ip). cmv detection was accomplished by direct examination of the primary isolate using either direct (dip) or indirect immunoperoxidase (iip) techniques. in thirteen of the isolates, confirmation of identification was achieved by indirect immunofluorescence (ifa) and by demonstration of herpes particles by electron microscopy (em). further, in four cases of non-cmv alterat ... | 1976 | 179501 |
| electron microscopy of human cytomegalovirus dna. | | 1976 | 179504 |
| appearance of igg (fc) receptor(s) on cultured human fibroblasts infected with human cytomegalovirus. | cultured human diploid fibroblasts (wi-38) after infection with human cytomegalovirus (cmv) but not when uninfected, could hemadsorb sheep red blood cells (srbc) coated with rabbit anti-srbc igg. the adsorption of igg-coated srbc to virus-infected cells was completely abolished if the tests were carried out in the simultaneous presence of rabbit antiserum elicited against cmv. normal sera of rabbit or human origin as well as purified human igg but not fab fragment of human igg could also abolish ... | 1976 | 180179 |
| [late stages in the replicative cycle of human cytomegaloviruses in diploid cells. ultrastructural study]. | an ultrastructural study of late stages of the replicative cycle of human cytomegalovirus (cmv) in human embryo fibroblasts cell cultures has been performed. nucleocapsids are observed only inside the intranuclear inclusion. they mature apparently by taking the envelope from the structural components of microvescicular systems reaching from the nuclear membrane the periphery of the nuclear inclusion. however, some capsids reach "naked" the cytoplasm and then take the envelope from cytoplasmic me ... | 1975 | 180913 |
| cytomegalovirus infection of human lung epithelial cells in vitro. | human lung epithelial cells were productively infected with human cytomegalovirus in vitro. infectious virus was released up to 8 weeks postinfection. the cells retained their morphological characteristics throughout the period of observation, while simultaneously bearing all the features typical of cytomegalovirus infection. | 1975 | 181345 |
| induction of cellular dna synthesis and increased mitotic activity in syrian hamster embryo cells abortively infected with human cytomegalovirus. | the effect of human cytomegalovirus (cmv) on cell dna synthesis and mitotic activity in hamster embryo fibroblasts was examined. the results indicated that cmv infected cells had increased rates of cell dna replication and mitotic activity. detection of the effect of cmv on these two parameters necessitated arrest of cells prior to infection with low serum concentrations. this lowered the background levels of dna synthesis and cell division so that the effect of virus infection could be detected ... | 1976 | 181530 |
| plaque reduction neutralization test for human cytomegalovirus based upon enhanced uptake of neutral red by virus-infected cells. | foci of cells infected with human cytomegalovirus were noted to stain more intensely than uninfected cells with neutral red, and this provided the basis for development of a plaque assay and plaque reduction neutralization test for cytomegalovirus. plaques demonstrable by neutral red staining could be counted at 8 days after infection; thus, results could be obtained earlier than for plaque assay systems based upon the viral cytopathic effect, a fewer manipulations were required for staining cel ... | 1976 | 182716 |
| human cytomegalovirus: glycoproteins associated with virions and dense bodies. | the glycoproteins associated with the membranes of cytomegalovirions and dense bodies were characterized by their relative mobility, percentage of glucosamine incorporation, and molecular weight. eight glycopolypeptides were repeatedly detectable. three glycopolypeptides of higher molecular weight with low levels of glucosamine incorporation were occasionally detectable. these latter glycopolypeptides may be precursors or aggregates of the glycopolypeptides with lower molecular weights. the glyc ... | 1976 | 183016 |
| human cytomegalovirus infection of wi-38 cells stimulates mitochondrial dna synthesis. | | 1976 | 183130 |
| intracytoplasmic uncoated capsids of human cytomegalovirus. | it has been generally accepted that capsids found in the cytoplasm of infected fibroblasts by adapted strain human cytomegalovirus (cmv) have bristle-like surface coating on them. this coating was said to be one of the important differences of cmv from herpes simplex virus. as well known, capsids of cmv increased in their over-all diameter through the process of moving from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. in some instances, however, uncoated capsids were detected in the cytoplasmic portions especi ... | 1976 | 183308 |
| detection of human cytomegalovirus and analysis of strain variation. | | 1976 | 183379 |
| structural proteins of human cytomegalovirus. | | 1976 | 183384 |
| antigenic activity of dense bodies from human cytomegalovirus-infected cells in the complement fixation test. | | 1976 | 183386 |
| comparative activity of immunofluorescent antibody and complement-fixing antibody in cytomegalovirus infection. | three different tests for detection of antibodies to human cytomegalovirus (cmv), complement fixing with antigen prepared by freeze-thaw disruption (cf-ft) or with antigen prepared by extraction with alkaline glycine buffer (cf-ge) and immunofluorescent staining (fa), were compared in renal transplant recipients and their healthy donors, fa and cf-ge tests yielded positive results at an identical and significantly higher frequency than cf-ft in both donors and recipients. cf-ge and fa performed ... | 1976 | 184108 |
| induction of murine p30 by superinfecting herpesviruses. | the interaction of endogenous type c viruses with superinfecting herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) was investigated in two murine cell lines. replication of hsv-2 was suboptimal in random-bred swiss/3t3a cells and, in initial experiments, infection with a low virus-to-cell ratio resulted in carrier cultures with enhanced murine leukemia virus (mulv) p30 expression. immunofluorescence tests with swiss/3t3a cells productively infected with hsv-2 also showed hsv-associated cytoplasmic antigens an ... | 1976 | 184296 |
| induction of alpha type dna polymerases in human cytomegalovirus-infected wi-38 cells. | productive infection of wi-38 cells with human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) induced the increase in the activity of dna polymerases as well as the synthesis of viral and cellular dna. sedimentation analyses in sucrose gradients of high ionic strength showed that the hcmv infection caused marked increase in the activity of alpha-type polymerases (resolved into alpha1, 8 s, and alpha 2, 6 s, in the present experiments), while the infection little affected the level of beta-type polymerase (about 3.5 s) ... | 1976 | 184838 |
| antisera to human cytomegalovirus produced in hamsters: reactivity in radioimmunoassay and other antibody assay systems. | hamsters immunized with human cytomegalovirus (cmv) concentrated and purified by polyethylene glycol precipitation and density gradient centrifugation produced antisera with high titers of specific viral antibody, and which showed no significant reactivity with human host cell components. the antisera had high titers of cmv antibody in complement fixation, indirect fluorescent-antibody (fa), and neutralization tests, but titers obtained by indirect radioimmunoassay (ria) were markedly higher. th ... | 1976 | 185151 |
| [cytomegalic virus infection in normal and disturbed immunity. clinical and animal experiment studies]. | virological and serological studies of cytomegalovirus infections revealed following results: 1. the distribution of cytomegalovirus infections in the area of munich can be compared with other european areas. 57% of adults have antibodies against the cytomegalovirus. 2. cytomegalovirus is an important agent initiating infectious liver diseases in childhood. 3. the virus is also an important factor for severe cerebral retardation. 4. studies in adult mice showed that a non-pathogenic strain of mo ... | 1976 | 186373 |
| clinical trials of immunization with the towne 125 strain of human cytomegalovirus. | the towne 125 strain of human cytomegalovirus (cmv), adapted to growth in human diploid cell strain wi-38 and propagated in this cell line for 129 consecutive passages, was administered to male volunteers with or without preexisting antibodies to cmv. infection was not achieved by intranasal administration. in contrast, subcutaneous inoculation of virus induced seroconversion in all seronegative volunteers and a booster antibody response in some previously seropositive individuals. transient loc ... | 1976 | 186541 |
| analysis of structural polypeptides of purified human cytomegalovirus. | human cytomegalovirus strain c87 was purified by the following procedures. (i) extracellular virus was concentrated by centrifugation at 100,000 x g for 90 min and passed through a bio-rad bio-gel a-15m column. most of the virus was recovered in the void volume. (ii) after two consecutive isopycnic potassium tartrate gradient centrifugations (20 to 50%), coinciding peaks of plaque titer, protein, and radioactivity were found at a density of from 1.20 to 1.21 g/cm3. to characterize the structural ... | 1976 | 186638 |
| latent infection of mouse cells with human cytomegalovirus. | infection of secondary mouse fibroblast cultures with human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) led to the production of viral antigens in the absence of detectable virus replication. antigen production was not dependent on viral dna synthesis since it was not inhibited by cytosine arabinoside. beginning at 15 days post-infection, viral-specific antigens were no longer observable in infected cultures, but could be induced by iododeoxyuridine (iudr) treatment. such cultures carry hcmv genetic information in a ... | 1976 | 187270 |
| replication of cytomegalovirus in human epitheloid diploid cell line. | human diploid bamb cells with epitheloid morphology, which had been derived from amniotic fluid cells, were capable of supporting the replication of human cytomegalovirus (cmv), without prior treatment of the cells with halogenated pyrimidines. the growth of this virus in bamb cells and in human diploid fibroblastoid (lep) cells was compared in parallel tests. virus replication was slower and less efficient in the former than in the latter system. the most characteristic morphological feature of ... | 1976 | 189730 |
| complement-fixing antigen of human cytomegaloviruses. | the titer of complement-fixing (cf) antigen of human cytomegalovirus (cmv) strain c87 was not reduced by 10 cycles of freezing and thawing or by storage at 4 c for two months, although the virus was labile at 37 c and 100 c. the rapid increase in titers of cf antigen and plaque-forming units was seen from days 3 through 6 after infection; however, cf antigen was detected 24 hr after infection. the molecular weight of cf antigen was estimated by gel filtration to be greater than 1.5 x 10(7) dalto ... | 1977 | 190330 |
| evidence for early nuclear antigens in cytomegalovirus-infected cells. | human cytomegalovirus (cmv) induces nuclear antigens resembling the epstein-barr nuclear antigen (ebna) as early as 3 h after infection. these early antigens can be detected only with the anti-complement immunofluorescence staining (acif) technique. synthesis of these new antigens is not influenced by cytosine arabinoside (ara-c). | 1976 | 190342 |
| persistence of cytomegalovirus in human lymphoblasts and peripheral leukocyte cultures. | the in vitro susceptibility of human peripheral lymhpocytes and lymphoblastoid (f265) cells to infection by human cytomegalovirus was examined. infection of these cell types with cytomegalovirus resulted in a persistent type of infection rather than the typical growth curve observed with permissive fibroblastic cells. when infection of peripheral lymphocytes was associated with a blastogenic response, the virus persisted for a longer time and at a higher titer than in cells in which a blastogeni ... | 1977 | 191399 |
| human cells transformed in vitro by human cytomegalovirus: tumorigenicity in athymic nude mice. | athymic nude mice were inoculated with human embryo lung cells transformed in vitro by human cytomegalovirus (cmv). of the inoculated animals, 62% developed tumors after an average latent period of 19 days. the tumors were composed of small, polygonal cells with large nulei and scanty cytoplasm embedded in an abundant collagenous matrix. the cells were poorly differentiated but may have been of epithelial origin. adjacent structures were rarely invaded. cmv-related intracellular and membrane ant ... | 1977 | 191621 |
| expression of the human cytomegalovirus genome in mouse cells and in human-mouse heterokaryons. | mouse cells with an established human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) infection were fused with susceptible human embryonic fibroblast cells. cmv-specific early antigens could be demonstrated in the cytoplasm and cell-membrane of the heterokaryons. treatment with 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine (iudr) of the heterokaryons or of the latently infected mouse cells, prior to their fusion with human cells, could induce the appearance of immunoflourescent elements, characterised as late antigens, and of infectious viru ... | 1977 | 192177 |
| transmission and activation of cytomegalovirus with blood transfusion: a mouse model. | a mouse model that mimics many features of human cytomegalovirus (cmv) infections associated with transfusion and perfusion is described. the concept of antigenic activation of cmv was tested by infusion of blood from latently infected mice, which were found to be virus-negative by tissue culture asssay, into uninfected allogeneic and isogenic hosts. after a latent period, virus was detectable invariably in allogeneic and only rarely in isogenic recipients. transfusions from uninfected donors in ... | 1977 | 192814 |
| comparison of the polypeptides of several strains of human cytomegalovirus. | analysis of purified human cytomegalovirus (cmv) by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed 32 polypeptides with mol. wt. ranging from 13,500 to 235,000. similar analysis of purified preparations of four strains of cmv showed a remarkable similarity in polypeptide composition. results indicate that the four strains may be related. | 1977 | 192835 |
| human cytomegalovirus immunization prospects. | | 1977 | 193005 |
| susceptibility of clinical isolates of cytomegalovirus to human interferon. | human cell culture-derived interferon was shown to inhibit human cytomegalovirus in vitro. a prototype strain, davis, and six clinical isolates of cytomegalovirus were tested. all six isolates showed uniform susceptibility to interferon, exceeding that of the davis strain by two- to fourfold. the latter virus was found to be 32 to 4 times less susceptible than the sensitive indicator, vesicular stomatitis virus. however, the laboratory finding of susceptibility to an antiviral material may not r ... | 1977 | 193440 |
| double arc structures in nuclei infected with human cytomegalovirus. | | 1976 | 193488 |
| indirect fluorescent-antibody test for human cytomegalovirus infection in the absence of interfering immunoglobulin g receptors. | the presence of immunoglobulin g receptors in human fibroblasts infected with human cytomegalovirus (cmv) resulted in a nonspecific cytoplasmic reaction in the indirect fluorescent-antibody test. both cmv antibody-positive and antibody-negative sera from human or other animal species produced the cytoplasmic reaction. the substitution of a simian cmv strain for the human virus successfully eliminated this cytoplasmic reaction and, thus, allowed for the observation of virus-induced fluorescent in ... | 1977 | 193791 |
| the characterization of igg receptor induced by human cytomegalovirus. | | 1977 | 194252 |
| human cytomegalovirus: a review of developments between 1970 and 1976. part ii. experimental developments. | over the last 6 years, our knowledge of the basic characteristics of human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) has been greatly enhanced, especially as concerns the microbiology of this virus. dna relatedness studies show that there is 80% homology between different strains, regardless of their origin. studies on the relationships between hcmv and host-cell metabolism reveal that it induces both a virus specific and a cellular dna polymerase, stimulates ribosomal rna, induces early protein synthesis and res ... | 1977 | 194635 |
| experimental cytomegalovirus infection and the developing mouse inner ear: in vivo and in vitro studies. | mouse cytomegalovirus causes perilabyrinthitis in the cochlea following intracranial inoculation of the newborn mouse. in spite of infection of cranial nerve ganglion cells and schwann cells the organ of corti achieves normal adult morphology including efferent nerve endings. no involvement of neuroaxons is seen. in comparison human cytomegalovirus infection causes endolabyrinthitis without involving periotic connective tissues or nerves even in the presence of meningoencephalitis. the lack of e ... | 1977 | 195137 |
| rapid detection of human cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus hominis igm antibody by the immunoperoxidase technique. | immunoglobulin m (igm) to human cytomegalovirus (cmv) and herpesvirus hominis (hvh, types 1 and 2) has been searched for in a group of patients with congenital and recent cmv and hvh infections and also in a group of patients with remote cmv and recurrent hvh infections, using the immunoperoxidase antibody technique (ipa) as compared to a technique using sucrose density gradient differential centrifugation. both techniques detected the same positive samples. high igm antibody titers (1:32-1:512) ... | 1977 | 195911 |
| synthesis of proteins and glycoproteins in cells infected with human cytomegalovirus. | in cytomegalovirus-infected cells, the rate of protein synthesis was detected as two peaks. one occurred during the early phase of infection, 0 to 36 h postinfection, and the other occurred during the late phase, after the initiation of viral dna synthesis. double-isotopic-label difference analysis demonstrated that host and viral proteins were synthesized simultaneously during both phases. in the early phase, approximately 70 to 90% of the total proteins synthesized were host proteins, whereas ... | 1977 | 197270 |
| the cytomegalic inclusion cell and disease; a hypothesis. | infections due to human cytomegalovirus are common in the general population, disease on the other hand is rare, being usually associated with the presence of cytomegalic inclusion bearing cells in the tissues. it can be inferred that in healthy individuals latently infected with this agent, such cells are promptly destroyed by the policing immune system and the efficiency of this immune surveillance is due to the high degree of antigenic disparity of cytomegalic inclusion bearing and normal cel ... | 1977 | 197402 |
| human cytomegalovirus genome: partial denaturation map and organization of genome sequences. | contour-length measurements of both nondenatured and partially denatured dna from purified extracellular human cytomegalovirus indicate that more than one size class of viral dna is encapsidated. in addition to a size class averaging about 100 x 10(6) daltons, a much less abundant class of larger viral dna molecules, 150 x 10(6) to 155 x 10(6) daltons, was extracted from purified extracellular virus. as predicted by melting-curve analysis, partial denaturation of human cytomegalovirus dna genera ... | 1977 | 198578 |
| temperature-sensitive mutants of human cytomegalovirus. | eight temperature-sensitive mutants of human cytomegalovirus have been isolated after mutagenesis with nitrosoguanidine. three of these mutants have been classified into three separate complementation groups and are capable of synthesizing virus dna at the nonpermissive temperature (39.5 degrees c). two others appear unable to synthesize virus dna at the elevated temperature. | 1977 | 198584 |
| cell dna replication as a function in the synthesis of human cytomegalovirus. | the rate of virus and cell dna synthesis was studied in human embryonic lung cells pre-treated with 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine (idurd) and exposed to cytomegalovirus (cmv) or medium. analysis of dna in cmv-infected cells following sequential 4 h pulses with 3h-thymidine indicated that a temporal relationship existed in the pattern of virus and cell dna synthesis. the pattern of dna replication in infected cells resembled that of a typical cell cycle, whereas the rate of cell dna synthesis in uninfec ... | 1977 | 199706 |
| anti-complement immunofluorescence test for antibodies to human cytomegalovirus. | an anti-complement immunofluorescence (acif) test that detects human cytomegalovirus (cmv) antigen in the nuclei of infected cells was used for assay of cmv antibodies in human sera. various factors influencing the sensitivity and specificity of the acif test system were investigated, and results were applied to the development of a procedure which could be completed in a relatively short length of time and gave reproducible results. results obtained in the acif test were compared with those obt ... | 1977 | 201664 |
| evaluation of anti-complement immunofluorescence test in cytomegalovirus infection. | the anti-complement immunofluorescence (acif) technique was evaluated for the diagnosis of human cytomegalovirus (cmv) infection in a group of sera derived from renal transplant recipients and donors by comparing it with the indirect immunofluorescence (fa) and complement fixation (cf) tests. the acif and fa tests yielded similar results. however, the acif test had a distinct advantage over the indirect fa test, since it eliminated the nonspecific cytoplasmic staining that may result in false po ... | 1977 | 201665 |
| improved glycine-extracted complement-fixing antigen for human cytomegalovirus. | high-titered, sensitive, and stable complement-fixing antigens for human cytomegalovirus were consistently produced from human diploid fibroblast cells infected at a high multiplicity of virus, harvested after 7 days of incubation, and sonically treated immediately in 0.1 m glycine buffer, ph 9.5. | 1977 | 201666 |
| immediate early antigens in human cytomegalovirus infected cells. | | 1977 | 201863 |
| cyclic synthesis of human cytomegalovirus-induced proteins in infected cells. | | 1978 | 202078 |
| temperature-sensitive mutants of human cytomegalovirus: isolation and partial characterization of dna-minus mutants. | | 1978 | 202079 |
| factors affecting the interferon sensitivity of human cytomegalovirus. | several factors affected the interferon sensitivity of human cytomegalovirus in human foreskin fibroblast cultures. an inoculum of infected cells was up to 300-fold less sensitive than a cell-free inoculum of equivalent input multiplicity. a 10-fold increase in the dose of infectious units of either type of inoculum was associated with a 10-fold or greater decrease in interferon sensitivity. several aspects of the virus-cell interaction were examined and parameters indicative of cell infection w ... | 1978 | 202571 |
| expression of early virus functions in human cytomegalovirus infected hel cells: effect of ultraviolet light-irradiation of the virus. | ultraviolet (u.v.) light-irradiation of human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) resulted in differential inactivation of virus capacities, e.g. induction of cell rounding, early antigens (ea), nuclear inclusion, hcmv dna synthesis, cellular dna synthesis, hcmv-specific dna polymerase, cellular dna polymerases and plaque production, while the capacity of hcmv to penetrate cell nuclei was not critically impaired. these results indicated that the virus-coded functions expressed after infection were responsibl ... | 1978 | 202666 |
| blastogenic response of human lymphocytes to human cytomegalovirus. | a method was developed for measuring the blastogenic response of human lymphocytes to human cytomegalovirus (cmv). viral and control antigens were prepared by extracting disrupted infected and uninfected cell cultures with an alkaline buffer. lymphocytes from ten donors with complement-fixing (cf) antibody exhibited a blastogenic response, whereas cells from ten seronegative donors did not. a relationship between the stimulation index (si) and the results of neutralization (nt), indirect haemagg ... | 1977 | 203423 |
| investigation of human urogenital tract tumors of papovavirus etiology: brief communication. | cells cultured from human urogenital cancer and other cancers as well as cells from noncancerous tissues were examined by immunofluorescent staining with antibodies to t-antigens and capsid antigens of papovaviruses bk virus (bkv), jc virus, and simian virus 40(sv40), and to capsid antigens of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 and human cytomegalovirus (cmv). cells from early passage cultures of 123 primary tissues and from 14 continuous lines derived from transitional or renal cell carcinoma w ... | 1978 | 203710 |
| antigenic relatedness of 17 strains of human cytomegalovirus. | a 10 minute kinetic neutralization test was used to assess antigenic relatedness among 17 strains of human cytomegalovirus. hyperimmune guinea pig sera exhibited extensive cross-reactivity. however, the data did suggest that there may be four antigenic groups represented in this collection of cmv strains. available epidemiologic data for these strains do not provide any discernible basis for this grouping. | 1978 | 206134 |
| herpes simplex virus and human cytomegalovirus replication in wi-38 cells. iii. cytochemical localization of lysosomal enzymes in infected cells. | cytochemical localization of the lysosomal enzymes acid phosphatase and arylsulfatase in cells infected by herpes simplex virus (hsv) or human cytomegalovirus (cmv) showed the following interactions between viruses and host cell lysosomes: (i) many enveloped progeny viruses were located within cytoplasmic vacuoles containing lysosomal enzyme activity; (ii) naked cytoplasmic capsids appeared to acquire an envelope by budding directly into lysosomes; and (iii) many of the cytoplasmic dense bodies ... | 1978 | 206717 |
| intracellular forms of the parental human cytomegalovirus genome at early stages of the infective process. | | 1978 | 208251 |
| syncytium formation caused by human cytomegalovirus in human embryonic lung fibroblasts. | large syncytia were regularly produced after prolonged infection in vitro of human embryonic fibroblasts by ad169 and other strains of human cmv. the syncytia showed typical cmv intranuclear inclusion bodies and herpesvirus particles in the nuclei and cytoplasm. it is proposed that syncytium formation follows abortive infection of the fibroblasts with defective virus. | 1978 | 208487 |
| inactivation of human cytomegalovirus by phytohemagglutinin. | human cytomegalovirus (cmv) was inactivated by treatment with phytohemagglutinin (pha) in contrast to herpes simplex virus (hsv), which was not. approximately 90% of infectivity was lost following exposure of cmv to pha. greater reduction of infectivity, more than 99%, was obtained following pretreatment of cells with pha than by direct mixture of the virus and the lectin. protection of cells was still observed 48 hours after pretreatment of cells with pha. no difference was found in sensitivity ... | 1978 | 208493 |
| sequence of protein synthesis in cells infected by human cytomegalovirus: early and late virus-induced polypeptides. | at least 10 distinct early virus-induced polypeptides were synthesized within 0 to 6 h after infection of permissive cells with cytomegalovirus. these virus-induced polypeptides were synthesized before and independently of viral dna replication. a majority of these early virus-induced polypeptides were also synthesized in nonpermissive cells, which do not permit viral dna replication. the virus-induced polypeptides synthesized before viral dna replication were hypothesized to be nonstructural pr ... | 1978 | 209215 |
| human cytomegalovirus dna. i. molecular weight and infectivity. | human cytomegalovirus dna (strain ad 169) was isolated from purified virions and further purified by sucrose density gradient centrifugation. the viral dna molecules were studied by electron microscopy and found to be linear and to have a length of 76.22 +/- 5.22 micron, corresponding to a molecular weight of 147 +/- 6.2 x 10(6). the dna was infectious when tested in human embryonic lung cells. | 1978 | 209219 |
| human cytomegalovirus induces dna-dependent rna polymerases in human diploid cells. | | 1978 | 210570 |
| replication of herpesviruses in human cells transformed by cytomegalovirus. | the replication of human cytomegalovirus (cmv) and herpes simplex virus (hsv) was studied in three human embryo cell lines (cmv-mj-hel-i, cmv-mj-hel-2, and cmv-mj-hel-2,t-i) transformed in vitro by human cmv. growth studies revealed that these cells were completely resistant to infection by cmv strains adi69 and mj and partially resistant to hsv types i and 2. neither virus dna nor virus proteins were synthesized in the transformed cells infected with cmv ad169. the hsv production in cmv-transfo ... | 1978 | 211187 |
| persistence of both human cytomegalovirus and epstein-barr virus genomes in two human lymphoblastoid cell lines. | by dna-dna reassociation kinetic analysis, less than one genome equivalent per cell of human cmv-dna was found in two lymphoblastoid cell lines, one derived from the peripheral blood of a congenitally infected male infant at the age of 21 months (d4 cell line), the other obtained by co-cultivation of lethally x-irradiated cells from the 9-month lymphoblastoid cell line previously described by joncas et al. (1975) with cord blood leukocytes of a female newborn (m1 cell line). human cmv antigens c ... | 1978 | 211195 |
| modification of the fluorescing cell assay method for human cytomegalovirus (hcmv). | | 1978 | 212658 |
| activation of endogenous type c virus in balb/c mouse cells by herpesvirus dna. | several virion and nonvirion dnas were tested for the ability to activate endogenous type c virus in balb/c-derived mouse cells using the calcium precipitation technique. the dnas from all herpesviruses tested activated xenotropic type c virus synthesis. these included dnas from herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2, epstein-barr virus, human cytomegalovirus, sa8 virus, infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus, pseudorabies virus, and herpes saimiri virus (m-dna). in contrast, dnas from vaccinia vir ... | 1978 | 212761 |
| analysis of antigenic diversity among human cytomegaloviruses by kinetic neutralization tests with high-titered rabbit antisera. | neutralizing antisera to human cytomegalovirus were produced in rabbits with alkaline-buffered extracts of infected cell cultures. the antibody activity was complement dependent and associated primarily with the 7s immunoglobulin fraction. antisera with homologous k values greater than 10.00 were shown to be suitable for neutralization kinetic studies and were so used to examine the antigenic relatedness of strains ad169, davis, esp, c-87, kerr, and towne. based upon the degree of relationship a ... | 1978 | 213383 |
| size and complexity of human cytomegalovirus dna. | | 1978 | 213886 |
| chromatin pattern consisting of repeating bipartite structures in wi-38 cells infected with human cytomegalovirus. | a novel chromatin structural pattern displaying bipartite and oblate ellipsoid structures orderly arranged along a fiber axis has been observed in wi-38 cells infected with human cytomegalovirus. this chromatin type coexists with chromatin fibers showing conventional nucleosomes. each bipartite-oblate structure is 40 nm in length, about four times as long as an ordinary nucleosome, and the number of these structures per micrometer (11/micrometer) is clearly less than that of typical cellular nuc ... | 1978 | 214585 |
| human cytomegalovirus-induced chromatin factors responsible for changes in template activity and structure of infected cell chromatin. | | 1978 | 214942 |
| immunoglobulin g to virus-specific early antigens in congenital, primary, and reactivated human cytomegalovirus infections. | immunoglobulin g antibody to human cytomegalovirus (cmv)-specific early antigens (ea-ab) was determined by the immunoperoxidase antibody technique in several cases of congenital, primary, and reactivated cmv infections. mothers of congenitally infected infants and a group of leukemic children and pregnant women were also studied. in 11 cases of congenital infection, cmv ea-ab was always associated with cmv excretion whether immunoglobulin m antibody was present or not. nine mothers of congenital ... | 1978 | 215553 |
| concentration of human cytomegalovirus from large volumes of tissue culture fluids. | three methods of pelleting, ultracentrifugation (95000 g for 60 min), precipitation with polyethylene glycol 6000 (5% v/v), and with ammonium sulphate (38% w/v), were used to concentrate human cytomegalovirus (cmv) from tissue culture fluids. maximum recovery of infectious virus particles was obtained with the polyethylene glycol (peg) method. the precipitating activity of peg 6000 and peg 20000 was then compared at different concentrations. the best results were obtained with peg 6000 at a fina ... | 1979 | 215709 |