| histologic observations on the structure and origin of epithelial crypts and canalicular structures in the ovary of the european beaver (castor fiber l., 1758). | | 1977 | 301487 |
| cytologic indices and their application in evaluation of vaginal smears in the european beaver (castor fiber l.). | | 1977 | 303599 |
| [eruption and shedding of the teeth in the beaver, castor fiber albicus (author's transl)]. | 46 skulls of castor fiber albicus aged from 0 to 2 years were studied morphologically and radiographically with regard to eruption and shedding of the teeth. according to the characteristics of the dentition the age of immature beavers until to 1 1/2 years can be determined with an error of about 4 weeks. later the development of the roots and the apposition of cementum are to consider additionally. | 1977 | 610485 |
| [cutaneous candidiosis in an european beaver, castor fiber. epidimiological aspect and parasitic form of candida albicans]. | on the thigh of an europa beaver, castor fiber l., dead after 8 years of captivity, a candidiasis has been found due to candida albicans. were reported successively: the frequence of c. albicans in the europa beaver and the canada beaver, the diagnosis, an epidemiologic aspect and the morphologic parasitic form of that yeast. in the epiderma parasited of the beaver, c. albicans has developed in a yeast-form in the superficial strates of the skin and in the filamentous-form in the deeper. | 1976 | 800705 |
| [comparative study in structure of myoglobins in semiaquatic animals: castor fiber, ondatra zibethica, lutra lutra]. | a degree of similarity in the structure of myoglobins in the semiaquatic animals (beaver, muskrat, otter) is shown by the finger-print method with the determination of amino acids content in peptides. it is established that about 2/3 of the acid sequence in the investigated myoglobins are invariable. an assumption is advanced that these regions of the structure are of most importance in the functional respect. | 1975 | 1216340 |
| [structural study of bromocyanide peptides in myoglobin of the beaver castor fiber]. | | 1975 | 1217284 |
| the ldh of the frequently asphyxiated beaver (castor fiber). | | 1976 | 1248220 |
| [arthropods found on european beaver (castor fiber l.) in poland]. | in july 1988, arthropods from 6 castor fiber were collected at popielno near ruciane. schizocarpus numerosus dub., s. fedjushini dub., s. brachyurus dub. are new to the fauna of poland. ixodes hexagonus leach (larvae, nymphs, females) is especially numerous. under-development of the coxa and trochanter of the third left leg was noted in one female. moreover, acarus farris (oud.), cunaxoides kielczewskii mich. and unidentified female of the phytoseiidae were obtained. cunaxid mites have not been ... | 1991 | 1823468 |
| comparison of serum and lung extracts for surveys of wild animals for antibodies to francisella tularensis biovar palaearctica. | a comparative study of the antibody titer against francisella tularensis biovar palaearctica in serum and lung extract was made using different immunoassays. samples were taken from experimentally-infected goshawks (accipiter gentilis) and european beavers (castor fiber), and in a field survey of wild beavers. good accordance between the antibody titer in serum and in lung extract was found in the experimental studies. however, the antibody titer was generally one- to three-fold lower in lung ex ... | 1988 | 3280838 |
| [comparative analysis of the peroxidase activity of myoglobins in mammals]. | studies have been made on the peroxidase activity of metmyoglobins in animals from various ecological groups--the horse equus caballus, cattle bos taurus, beaver castor fiber, otter lutra lutra, mink mustela vison and dog canis familiaris. it was found that the level of this activity in diving animals depends on the duration of their diving, whereas in terrestrial species--on the strength of muscular contraction. | 1987 | 3564776 |
| lactation and chemical composition of milk of the european beaver (castor fiber l.). | | 1974 | 4475079 |
| [structural characteristics of the hemoglobin of the beaver, castor fiber]. | | 1973 | 4791106 |
| [physicochemical properties and amino acid composition of the hemoglobin of the beaver castor fiber]. | | 1974 | 4838215 |
| [morphologic and several histochemical characteristics of the adrenal gland of the river beaver (castor fiber l.)]. | | 1967 | 5601480 |
| [study of the extrapolation reflex in the european beaver (castor fiber l.)]. | an experimental study of elementary rational activity was carried out on european beavers (castor fiber l.). the ability to solve an elementary logical task consisting in extrapolation of the direction in which the bait disappeared from the visual field, was chosen as a sign of this activity. it is shown that anomals of this species are able to cope with this extrapolational task. the ways of solving the problem manifest a considerable individual variability. the ability of european beavers to s ... | 1980 | 7385999 |
| [seasonal changes in the activity rhythm of the beaver, castor fiber]. | | 1995 | 7580984 |
| [allozyme variability of the european bean castor fiber 1758 (castoridae, rodentia) from the voronezh state nature reserve]. | electrophoretic methods were used to study protein products of 32 gene loci in the blood of european and canadian beavers held in captivity at the voronezh state nature reserve. in the studied samples, the levels of polymorphism and average heterozygosity exceeded the average values of corresponding indices determined for beavers that inhabit temperate zones. to what extent the studied samples represent the state of the gene pool of parental populations is discussed. a comparison between allozym ... | 1994 | 8045400 |
| cadmium in beavers translocated from the elbe river to the rhine/meuse estuary, and the possible effect on population growth rate. | beavers (castor fiber) from the middle elbe region were re-introduced in the biesbosch, the netherlands, and estuary contaminated with cadmium (cd) by the rivers rhine and meuse. the middle elbe region was also polluted with cd, but the beavers released in the biesbosch originated from two relatively clean habitats within this region. the biesbosch population grew slower than other released beaver populations in europe, and it was hypothesized that cd intoxication was responsible for this. the b ... | 1994 | 8060158 |
| dna fingerprinting with the human 33.6 minisatellite probe identifies sex in beavers castor fiber. | | 1994 | 8061881 |
| fatty acids in extremity tissues of finnish beavers (castor canadensis and castor fiber) and muskrats (ondatra zibethicus). | site-specific differences in fatty acid composition of adipose tissues from finnish beavers (castor canadensis and castor fiber) and muskrats (ondatra zibethicus) were studied by gas liquid chromatography. in the total lipids of heterothermic extremities the proportions of potentially endogenous (delta 9-desaturated) monoenoic fatty acids were 1.5-fold and those of the saturated fatty acids 0.5-fold the proportions of subcutaneous or inner depots. thus the role of delta 9-desaturation in the bio ... | 1996 | 8936044 |
| adiaspiromycosis in a european beaver from sweden. | an infection with the rare mycosis chrysosporium parvum was diagnosed in a european beaver (castor fiber) shot in northern sweden. the animal was in normal body condition and no signs of disease were observed. in the lungs a large number of nodules, up to 5 mm diameter, were observed. a large number of adiaspores were observed in the interstitium of the lungs and in the mediastinal lymph node. a chronic inflammatory reaction dominated by mononuclear leukocytes and giant cells was observed around ... | 1999 | 10231764 |
| biochronological implications of the arvicolidae (rodentia, mammalia) from the lower pleistocene hominid-bearing level of trinchera dolina 6 (td6, atapuerca, spain). | level td6 of the trinchera dolina section in the railway cutting of the sierre de atapuerca (trinchera del ferrocarril) has yielded a rich small mammal assemblage (26 species) in association with fossil human remains of homo antecessor. the arvicolids of td6 are identified as: mimomys savini, microtus seseae, stenocranius gregaloides, terricola arvalidens, iberomys huescarensis, allophaiomys chalinei, and pliomys episcopalis. the rodent association also includes large rodents (i.e., castor fiber ... | 1999 | 10496992 |
| differentiation of castor fiber and castor canadensis by noninvasive molecular methods. | the aim of the study was to develop a simple and reliable method for differentiation of the two phenotypic, very similar eurasian and north american beavers. hair bulbs were plucked as tissue samples from the fur of living animals. the mitochondrial cytochrome b locus was amplified by polymerase chain reaction and sequenced. the fragments of the two species differed at 44/41 nucleotide sites. rsai recognised two mutations, resulting in a restriction fragment length polymorphism that seems to be ... | 2000 | 11180412 |
| [genetic differences and similarities in the introduced population of european beaver (castor fiber l., 1785) in the kirov and novosibirsk regions of russia]. | potential factors were analyzed that affected the formation of gene pools of two introduced beaver populations founded in the 1940s-1950s by releasing beavers from voronezh oblast and belarus into rivers of the kirov and novosibirsk oblasts. the populations from these two regions were shown to differ in four allozyme loci (ahd-2, gpi, es-5, and dia-2). within kirov oblast, the samples from three tributaries of the vyatka river differed in three other loci (ck-1, gp-9, and trf). it is suggested t ... | 2001 | 11234419 |
| cadmium, copper, and zinc in eurasian beaver (castor fiber) from bø, telemark, norway. | | 2001 | 11779064 |
| odorant source used in eurasian beaver territory marking. | mammals use urine, feces, or the secretion of specialized skin glands to mark their territories. these sources can carry different information and, thus, have different functions. presently it is not known if beavers (castor spp.) deposit castoreum (primarily a mixture of secondary metabolites from urine) from the castor sacs and secretion from the anal glands (ags) together or alone when scent marking their territories. we hypothesized that castoreum would be the main scent signal used in the d ... | 2001 | 11789953 |
| investigations of waterborne pathogens in eurasian beaver (castor fiber) from telemark county, southeast norway. | | 2001 | 11957376 |
| echinococcus multilocularis in a european beaver from switzerland. | infection with the larval stage of the cestode parasite echinococcus multilocularis was diagnosed in a european beaver (castor fiber) in central switzerland. the animal was hit, run over by a car, and died of trauma. it was in normal body condition and no signs of disease were seen. at necropsy, multiple cystic structures up to 1 cm in diameter were found in the liver adjacent to the hilus. within the parasite vesicles, multiple protoscolices were visible. the species was determined to be echino ... | 2002 | 12238383 |
| do eurasian beavers smear their pelage with castoreum and anal gland secretion? | the scent-matching hypothesis postulates that scent marks provide an olfactory link between a resident owner and his territory, and that this enables intruding animals to recognize the chance of escalated conflicts. however, it is unclear if eurasian beavers (castor fiber) mark their own pelage with castoreum from their castor sacs (i.e., the same material used in territorial marking); and/or if beavers mark their pelage with anal gland secretion (ags) from the anal glands to waterproof the pela ... | 2002 | 12371821 |
| [on the brain of castor fiber and comparative anatomical considerations on the brain of castor canadensis (rodentia)]. | | 1963 | 14054394 |
| [population-genetic structure of beaver (castor fiber l., 1758) communities and estimation of effective reproductive size ne of an elementary population]. | the absence of panmixia at all hierarchical levels of the european beaver communities down to individual families implies a complex organization of the population-genetic structures of the species, in particular, a large intergroup component of gene diversity in the populations. testing this assumption by analysis of 39 allozyme loci in the communities of reintroduced beaver from the vyatka river basin (kirov oblast) has shown that only the beaver colonies exhibit high intergroup gene diversity ... | 2004 | 15458206 |
| streptococcus castoreus sp. nov., isolated from a beaver (castor fiber). | a previously undescribed, gram-positive, catalase-negative, streptococcus-like organism originating from a european beaver (castor fiber) was subjected to a taxonomic study. the organism displayed beta-haemolytic activity and gave a positive reaction with lancefield group a antisera. based on the results of biochemical testing, the organism was tentatively identified as a member of the genus streptococcus, but it did not correspond phenotypically to any recognized species of this genus. comparat ... | 2005 | 15774672 |
| mitochondrial phylogeography of the eurasian beaver castor fiber l. | nucleotide variation in an approximately 490 bp fragment of the mitochondrial dna control region (mtdna cr) was used to describe the genetic variation and phylogeographical pattern in the eurasian beaver (castor fiber) over its entire range. the sampling effort was focused on the relict populations that survived a drastic population bottleneck, caused by overhunting, at the end of the 19th century. a total of 152 individuals grouped into eight populations representing all currently recognized su ... | 2005 | 16202100 |
| sequence diversity of the mhc drb gene in the eurasian beaver (castor fiber). | major histocompatibility complex (mhc) genes, coding molecules which play an important role in immune response, are the most polymorphic genes known in vertebrates. however, mhc polymorphism in some species is limited. mhc monomorphism at several mhc class i and ii loci was previously reported for two neighbouring northern european populations of the eurasian beaver (castor fiber) and reduced selection for polymorphism has been hypothesized. here, we analysed a partial sequence of the second exo ... | 2005 | 16313590 |
| sexual dimorphism in territorial scent marking by adult eurasian beavers (castor fiber). | mammalian scent marking is often associated with territorial defense. however, males and females may demonstrate different activity patterns and play different roles. female mammals nurture the young during lactation, while males purportedly perform other tasks more frequently, such as territorial maintenance and defense. this paper investigates the contribution made by mated pairs of adult males and females to territorial scent-marking in the obligate monogamous eurasian beavers (castor fiber). ... | 2006 | 16770720 |
| tool-use in a display behaviour by eurasian beavers (castor fiber). | tool use is rare amongst rodents and has never been recorded in connection with agonistic displays. we witnessed a behaviour, stick display (std), involving tool use in free-living eurasian beavers (castor fiber) that we conclude is a display behaviour. two beavers were the main performers of the signal that was observed in at least six beavers from three families. beavers reacted to displays by increased evasive and agonistic behaviours compared with their usual behavioural patterns when at ter ... | 2007 | 17318623 |
| some specific features of nitrogen fixation in the digestive tract of the european beaver (castor fiber). | | 2006 | 17425037 |
| harvesting of males delays female breeding in a socially monogamous mammal; the beaver. | human exploitation may skew adult sex ratios in vertebrate populations to the extent that males become limiting for normal reproduction. in polygynous ungulates, females delay breeding in heavily harvested populations, but effects are often fairly small. we would expect a stronger effect of male harvesting in species with a monogamous mating system, but no such study has been performed. we analysed the effect of harvesting males on the timing of reproduction in the obligate monogamous beaver (ca ... | 2007 | 17443978 |
| perfluorinated compounds in some terrestrial and aquatic wildlife species from poland. | perfluorooctanesulfonate (pfos) at 1.6-39 ng/g ww and 4.8-200 pg/ml, respectively, perfluorooctanoate (pfoa) at 0.06-0.28 ng/g ww and<0.05-1.8 pg/ml, and perfluorodecanoate (pfda) at 0.13-0.57 ng/g ww and 0.05-1.8 pg/ml, were detected in all specimens of european beaver's (castor fiber) liver as well as in whole blood of cod (gadus morhua), velvet scoter (melanitta fusca), eider duck (sommateria mollisima), long-tailed duck (clangula hyemalis), razorbill (alca torda), red-throated diver (gavia s ... | 2007 | 17473997 |
| sperm morphology of the eurasian beaver, castor fiber: an example of a species of rodent with highly derived and pleiomorphic sperm populations. | the structural organization of the spermatozoon from the eurasian beaver, castor fiber (family: castoridae), was determined and compared to that of other sciuromorph rodents. the beaver spermatozoon has a head, which is variable in form but usually paddle-shaped, with a small nucleus and very large acrosome, and a tail that is relatively short compared to that of most other rodents. transmission electron microscopy indicates that in most testicular spermatozoa the acrosome projects apically, alt ... | 2007 | 17492780 |
| tracking genome organization in rodents by zoo-fish. | the number of rodent species examined by modern comparative genomic approaches, particularly chromosome painting, is limited. the use of human whole-chromosome painting probes to detect regions of homology in the karyotypes of the rodent index species, the mouse and rat, has been hindered by the highly rearranged nature of their genomes. in contrast, recent studies have demonstrated that non-murid rodents display more conserved genomes, underscoring their suitability for comparative genomic and ... | 2008 | 18266061 |
| [the phenomenon of phylogenetic synhospitality in acariform mites (acari: acariformes)--the permanent parasites of vertebrates]. | the term synhospitality means the association of two or more closely related parasite species with one host species (eichler, 1966). the cases of two or three synhospitalic species are known from the same host species, and especially ones where parasites were recorded from different parts of the host range, are quite common. the most ordinary reason causing synhospitality in permanent parasites is the host switching. nevertheless, there are a number of synhospitality cases, where the parasite co ... | 2008 | 18664065 |
| [semi-aquatic animals as a source of water contamination with cryptosporidium and giardia]. | cryptosporidium and giardia spp. are parasitic protozoa localized in the alimentary tract of many animal species and humans. each of these parasite species produces very resistant invasive forms (cysts and oocysts) excreted to the environment with feces of infected hosts. water contaminated with cysts/oocysts constitutes one of the main transmission routes and is responsible for the majority of infections in humans. cryptosporidium and giardia spp. were found in many different species of animals ... | 2008 | 19338222 |
| isolation and genomic characterization of the first norway rat (rattus norvegicus) papillomavirus and its phylogenetic position within pipapillomavirus, primarily infecting rodents. | a series of papillomavirus (pv) types have been isolated from different rodent species, and most of them belong to the genus pipapillomavirus. we isolated and sequenced the complete genome of a novel pv type (designated rnpv) from the oral cavity of the norway rat (rattus norvegicus), as well as an l1 gene fragment from hair-follicle cells of the european beaver (castor fiber). as inferred from amino acid sequence data, rnpv clustered within the beta+gamma+pi+xi-pv supertaxon as a member of the ... | 2009 | 19605590 |
| fallot's tetralogy in a european beaver (castor fiber). | a 20-mo-old, female, 9-kg european beaver (castor fiber) presented with apathy, reduced appetite of 3-day duration and a grade 5/6 systolic heart murmur. thoracic radiographs revealed a diffuse broncho-interstitial pattern suspicious for bronchopneumonia. the echocardiographic findings of a hypertrophied right ventricle, ventricular septal defect with overriding aorta, and infundibular pulmonic stenosis were consistent with fallot's tetralogy. even though the bronchopneumonia rather than the con ... | 2010 | 20597235 |
| chemistry and biochemistry of the scent glands of the beaver (castor fiber). | | 1946 | 21066065 |
| mitochondrial genomes reveal slow rates of molecular evolution and the timing of speciation in beavers (castor), one of the largest rodent species. | beavers are one of the largest and ecologically most distinct rodent species. little is known about their evolution and even their closest phylogenetic relatives have not yet been identified with certainty. similarly, little is known about the timing of divergence events within the genus castor. | 2011 | 21307956 |
| alien species of mammals and their impact on natural ecosystems in the biosphere reserves of russia. | the paper analyses the results of a survey of 37 russian biosphere reserves using questionnaires concerning the presence of alien species of mammals, their pathways of penetration, and their impacts on protected ecosystems. the penetration of alien mammals into terrestrial ecosystems of russia is extensive, both in places with maximum human environmental impact (inhabited areas and agricultural lands) and in biosphere reserves with minimal human impact. there are 62 mammal species registered as ... | 2008 | 21396056 |
| [introduction of species and microevolution: the european beaver, raccoon dog, and american mink]. | nine skull samples of the beaver castor fiber, six samples of the raccoon dog nyctereutes procyonoides, and six samples of the american mink neovison vison were studied using phenetic and craniometric methods. analysis of the phenofund structure suggests that in all of the studied species the emergence of novel character variations does not lead to their fixation with a significant frequency. considerable morphological variability emerges in the contact zone of different autochtonous populations ... | 2011 | 21506393 |
| reconstruction of karyotype evolution in core glires. i. the genome homology revealed by comparative chromosome painting. | glires represent a eutherian clade consisting of rodents and lagomorphs (hares, rabbits, and pikas). chromosome evolution of glires is known to have variable rates in different groups: from slowly evolving lagomorphs and squirrels to extremely rapidly evolving muroids. previous interordinal homology maps between slowly evolving glires were based on comparison with humans. here, we used sets of chromosome-specific probes from tamias sibiricus (sciuridae), castor fiber (castoridae) and humans to s ... | 2011 | 21559983 |
| development of nine new microsatellite loci for the american beaver, castor canadensis (rodentia: castoridae), and cross-species amplification in the european beaver, castor fiber. | we developed nine new nuclear dinucleotide microsatellite loci for castor canadensis. all loci were polymorphic, except for one. the number of alleles ranged from two to four and from five to 12 in populations from arizona and wisconsin, respectively. average heterozygosity ranged from 0.13 to 0.86 per locus. since cross-species amplification in castor fiber was successful only in four loci, we tested also nine recently published c. canadensis loci in the eurasian species. eight of the published ... | 2009 | 21564690 |
| Echinococcus multilocularis in an imported captive European beaver (Castor fiber) in Great Britain. | | 2011 | 21900259 |
| case study: enrichment of ancient mitochondrial dna by hybridization capture. | in ancient dna studies focusing on estimating population histories, genetic markers are sequenced from a large number of samples belonging to the same species. targeting loci of interest using traditional pcr can be time-consuming, in particular when samples are not well preserved and multiple overlapping fragments are required. here, i describe the process of generating dna libraries from ancient dna (adna) extracts for high-throughput sequencing. i use a serial in-solution dna hybridization ap ... | 2012 | 22237536 |
| echinococcus multilocularis detection in live eurasian beavers (castor fiber) using a combination of laparoscopy and abdominal ultrasound under field conditions. | echinococcus multilocularis is an important pathogenic zoonotic parasite of health concern, though absent in the united kingdom. eurasian beavers (castor fiber) may act as a rare intermediate host, and so unscreened wild caught individuals may pose a potential risk of introducing this parasite to disease-free countries through translocation programs. there is currently no single definitive ante-mortem diagnostic test in intermediate hosts. an effective non-lethal diagnostic, feasible under field ... | 2015 | 26167927 |
| immunoblotting for the serodiagnosis of alveolar echinococcosis in alive and dead eurasian beavers (castor fiber). | a novel species-specific anti-beaver-igg-alkaline-phosphatase conjugate was synthesized for the development of a new serological test for echinococcosis in beavers. two different elisas conventionally used for human echinococcus multilocularis serology (em18-elisa and em2-elisa) yielded diagnostic sensitivities of 0% and 46%, respectively. in contrast, the subsequently developed immunoblotting assay gave an 85% diagnostic sensitivity (11 out of 13 beavers with alveolar echinococcosis were immuno ... | 2014 | 24986466 |
| virulence factors genes in enterococci isolated from beavers (castor fiber). | only limited information exists concerning the microbiota in beaver (castor fiber). this study has been focused on the virulence factors genes detection in enterococci from beavers. in general, animals are not affected by enterococcal infections, but they can be a reservoir of, e.g. pathogenic strains. moreover, detection of virulence factors genes in enterococci from beavers was never tested before. free-living beavers (12), male and female (age 4-5 years) were caught in the north-east part of ... | 2015 | 25300356 |
| high and novel genetic diversity of francisella tularensis in germany and indication of environmental persistence. | in germany tularemia is a re-emerging zoonotic disease. therefore, we investigated wild animals and environmental water samples for the presence and phylogenetic diversity of francisella tularensis in the poorly studied berlin/brandenburg region. the phylogenomic analysis of three isolates from wild animals revealed three new subclades within the phylogenetic tree of f. tularensis [b.71 from a raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides); b.74 from a red fox (vulpes vulpes), and b.75 from a eurasian b ... | 2016 | 27356883 |
| comparison of bacterial culture and polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for the detection of f. tularensis subsp. holarctica in wild animals. | detection of the zoonotic pathogen francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica (ef tularensis) in wild animals with culture techniques as well as polymerase chain reaction were compared and discussed on the basis of the investigation of 60 animals. the samples originated from 55 european brown hares (lepus europaeus), two red foxes (vulpes vulpes) and one each from a wild rabbit (oryctolagus cuniculus), a european beaver (castor fiber), and a lemur (lemur catta). when comparing the growth of 28 f. ... | 2013 | 23901583 |
| first report of a multidrug-resistant klebsiella pneumoniae of sequence type 11 causing sepsis in a free-ranging beaver (castor fiber). | klebsiella pneumoniae of sequence type (st) 11 is a hyper-epidemic nosocomial clone spreading worldwide among humans and also emerging in pets. in this report, we describe a clinical case of fatal sepsis due to this multidrug-resistant (mdr) pathogen in a eurasian beaver. the isolate showed resistance to six different classes of antimicrobials including third generation cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones. this is the first report describing the detection of a mdr k. pneumoniae st11 in a free-ra ... | 2015 | 25504757 |
| genetic characterisation of toxoplasma gondii isolates from european beavers (castor fiber) and european wildcats (felis silvestris silvestris). | six free-ranging european beavers (castor fiber) from berlin greater metropolitan area and twelve european wildcats (felis silvestris silvestris) originating from the german federal state of saxony-anhalt were found dead and their carcasses were submitted for necropsy. brain and lung samples were analysed for the presence of toxoplasma gondii dna. histo-pathologic analysis of one beaver revealed several cyst-like protozoal structures in parts of the brain. tissue dna isolated from all animal sam ... | 2013 | 22989954 |
| new finding of trichinella britovi in a european beaver (castor fiber) in latvia. | we report the first finding of trichinella britovi in a european beaver. in latvia, beaver is a common game animal and frequently used in human diet. a high prevalence of trichinella infections in latvia is present in the most common hosts-carnivores and omnivores. in total, 182 european beaver muscle samples were tested for trichinella larvae accordingly to the reference method of european communities commission regulation (ec) no. 2075/2005 (2005). trichinella britovi larvae were detected in o ... | 2015 | 26122989 |
| yersinia enterocolitica strains isolated from beavers (castor fiber). | pseudocloacal swabs and palatine tonsils from beavers have been examined for the yersinia enterocolitica presence. thirty-six samples from 24 beavers were collected and subjected to bacteriological examinations including sero- and biotypisation. amplicons confirmed by pcr as y. enterocolitica were sequenced. positive samples originated from 4 out of the 24 beavers (16.7 %) and all the strains belonged to biotype 1a. the study suggested that y. enterocolitica could be isolated from beavers, which ... | 2015 | 26172198 |
| establishment of a health surveillance program for reintroduction of the eurasian beaver (castor fiber) into scotland. | in 2009 and 2010 16 norwegian eurasian beavers (castor fiber) were reintroduced to knapdale, scotland as part of a 5-yr reintroduction trial (scottish beaver trial). despite numerous reintroduction programs throughout europe there is no published information concerning recommended health surveillance during beaver reintroduction and only one publication describing causes of mortality. we describe the establishment of a health surveillance program based on international union of conservation of n ... | 2012 | 23060498 |
| proximate weather patterns and spring green-up phenology effect eurasian beaver (castor fiber) body mass and reproductive success: the implications of climate change and topography. | low spring temperatures have been found to benefit mobile herbivores by reducing the rate of spring-flush, whereas high rainfall increases forage availability. cold winters prove detrimental, by increasing herbivore thermoregulatory burdens. here we examine the effects of temperature and rainfall variability on a temperate sedentary herbivore, the eurasian beaver, castor fiber, in terms of inter-annual variation in mean body weight and per territory offspring production. data pertain to 198 indi ... | 2013 | 23504905 |
| eurasian beaver activity increases water storage, attenuates flow and mitigates diffuse pollution from intensively-managed grasslands. | beavers are the archetypal keystone species, which can profoundly alter ecosystem structure and function through their ecosystem engineering activity, most notably the building of dams. this can have a major impact upon water resource management, flow regimes and water quality. previous research has predominantly focused on the activities of north american beaver (castor canadensis) located in very different environments, to the intensive lowland agricultural landscapes of the united kingdom and ... | 2017 | 27792958 |
| mites of the genus schizocarpus trouessart, 1896 (acariformes: chirodiscidae) from the north american beavers (castor canadensis) in russia. | four native species of parasitic mites belonging to the genus schizocarpus trouessart, 1896 (acariformes: chirodiscidae) are recorded on the north american beaver castor canadensis kuhl, 1820 (rodentia: castoridae) from russia. totally ten beavers from all three main geographically isolated populations of in russia (leningrad province, voronezh biosphere reserve (beaver farm) and khabarovsk territory) were examined. additionally, in captivity (voronezh beaver farm) eight species were recorded sw ... | 2015 | 25936168 |
| beaver-mediated methane emission: the effects of population growth in eurasia and the americas. | globally, greenhouse gas budgets are dominated by natural sources, and aquatic ecosystems are a prominent source of methane (ch(4)) to the atmosphere. beaver (castor canadensis and castor fiber) populations have experienced human-driven change, and ch(4) emissions associated with their habitat remain uncertain. this study reports the effect of near extinction and recovery of beavers globally on aquatic ch4 emissions and habitat. resurgence of native beaver populations and their introduction in o ... | 2015 | 25515021 |
| gene structure of the pregnancy-associated glycoprotein-like (pag-l) in the eurasian beaver (castor fiber l.). | the pregnancy-associated glycoprotein-like family (pag-l) is a large group of chorionic products, expressed in the pre-placental trophoblast and later in the post-implantational chorionic epithelium, and are involved in proper placenta development and embryo-maternal interaction in eutherians. this study describes identification of the pag-l family in the genome of the eurasian beaver (castor fiber l.), named cfpag-l. we identified 7657 bp of the cfpag-l gdna sequence (acc. no. kx377932), encomp ... | 2017 | 28353203 |
| identification of differentially expressed placental transcripts during multiple gestations in the eurasian beaver (castor fiber l.). | the eurasian beaver is one of the largest rodents that, despite its high impact on the environment, is a non-model species that lacks a reference genome. characterising genes critical for pregnancy outcome can serve as a basis for identifying mechanisms underlying effective reproduction, which is required for the success of endangered species conservation programs. in the present study, high-throughput rna sequencing (rna-seq) was used to analyse global changes in the castor fiber subplacenta tr ... | 2017 | 28193317 |
| an experience on evaluation of amphibian larvae abundance in "beaver rivers" of central russia. | there are many locations in russia where eurasian beaver (castor fiber) populations have been restored. as a keystone species, beavers provide wide-ranging direct and indirect impacts on aquatic ecosystems. in particular, beaver-created ponds are sites for spawning and nursery places for tadpoles of the brown frog (genus rana). because of such impacts, study techniques for assessing aquatic organisms abundance are being developed. we compared two methods for estimating tadpole abundance: traditi ... | 2016 | 27991719 |
| leptin plasma concentrations, leptin gene expression, and protein localization in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axes of the european beaver (castor fiber). | the european beaver (castor fiber) is the largest seasonal free-living rodent in eurasia. since the physiology and endocrine system of this species remains unknown, the present study aimed to determine plasma leptin concentrations and the expression of the leptin gene and protein in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (hpg and hpa) axes of beavers during breeding (april), postbreeding (july), and prebreeding (november) seasons. leptin plasma concentrations did n ... | 2017 | 27780608 |
| orexin receptor expression in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal and hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axes of free-living european beavers (castor fiber l.) in different periods of the reproductive cycle. | orexins are hypothalamic neuropeptides acting via two g protein-coupled receptors in mammals: orexin receptor 1 (ox1r) and orexin receptor 2 (ox2r). in european beavers, which are seasonally breeding animals, the presence and functions of orexins and their receptors remain unknown. our study aimed to determine the expression of oxr mrnas and the localization of oxr proteins in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal/gonadal (hpa/hpg) axes in free-living beavers. the expression of oxr genes (ox1r, ox2r) a ... | 2017 | 27664717 |
| outcomes of a 'one health' monitoring approach to a five-year beaver (castor fiber) reintroduction trial in scotland. | the scottish beaver trial, involving the translocation and release of 16 wild norwegian beavers (castor fiber) to scotland, provides a good example of a 'one health' scientific monitoring approach, with independent monitoring partners on ecology and public health feeding into veterinary health surveillance. pathogen detection did not prohibit beaver release, although eight beavers were seropositive for leptospira spp. six deaths (37.5%) occurred during rabies quarantine, followed by the death of ... | 2017 | 27655648 |
| proximate composition and physicochemical properties of european beaver (castor fiber l.) meat. | the proximate composition of meat from young and mature european beaver and physicochemical properties during storage were investigated. the young beaver meat contains 20.52g of protein and 1.86g of fat in 100g, while mature animals 22.16g and 0.73g. index of nutritional quality for protein ranged from 2.03 to 2.24. storage had a greater impact on the physicochemical properties of beaver meat than animal age and muscle type. the meat of mature beavers was significantly (p<0.05) darker (l*=28.51) ... | 2017 | 27585304 |
| morphological and neuroanatomical study of the mammary gland in the immature and mature european beaver (castor fiber). | this study investigated general morphology and immunohistochemical properties of nerve fibres supplying the mammary gland (mg) in the european beaver. the microscopic analysis of the beaver mammary gland revealed the presence of morphological structures which are characteristic for mammals. there were no distinct differences in the morphological features of the mammary gland between the juvenile and non-pregnant mature beaver. the nerve fibres were visualized using antibodies against protein gen ... | 2016 | 27497494 |
| demodex castoris sp. nov. (acari: demodecidae) parasitizing castor fiber (rodentia), and other parasitic arthropods associated with castor spp. | a new species of demodecid mite, demodex castoris sp. nov. (acari: prostigmata: demodecidae), is described based on adult stages from the skin of the nasal region of the eurasian beaver castor fiber linnaeus, 1758, collected in poland. this is the first detection of a representative demodecid mite in rodents of the suborder castorimorpha and also represents the first detection of a skin mite in eurasian beavers. the new species is a small skin mite (average 173 µm in length) characterized by sex ... | 2016 | 26865230 |
| beaver ponds' impact on fluvial processes (beskid niski mts., se poland). | beaver (castor sp.) can change the riverine environment through dam-building and other activities. the european beaver (castor fiber) was extirpated in poland by the nineteenth century, but populations are again present as a result of reintroductions that began in 1974. the goal of this paper is to assess the impact of beaver activity on montane fluvial system development by identifying and analysing changes in channel and valley morphology following expansion of beaver into a 7.5 km-long headwa ... | 2016 | 26657380 |
| isolation and antimicrobial susceptibility of streptococcus castoreus isolated from carcasses of european beavers (castor fiber) in germany. | streptococcus (s.) castoreus was isolated from seven beavers (castor fiber), which were found dead in the federal state of brandenburg, germany, and submitted to the berlin-brandenburg state laboratory for post mortem diagnostics. the isolates originated from various inflammatory processes where they were associated with other gram negative and gram positive aerobic and/or anaerobic bacteria (i. e. actinobacillus sp., species of the actinomycetaceae family, coliform bacteria, fusobacterium sp., ... | 2015 | 26591385 |
| impact of beaver pond colonization history on methylmercury concentrations in surface water. | elevated concentrations of methylmercury (mehg) in freshwater ecosystems are of major environmental concern in large parts of the northern hemisphere. beaver ponds have been identified as a potentially important source of mehg. the role of beavers might be especially pronounced in large parts of europe, where beaver populations have expanded rapidly following near-extirpation. this study evaluates the role of the age and colonization history (encompassing patterns of use and reuse) of ponds cons ... | 2015 | 26450629 |
| biochemical adaptations to dive-derived hypoxia/reoxygenation in semiaquatic rodents. | to meet the challenges presented by dive-derived hypoxia/reoxygenation transition, the aquatic mammals possess multi-level adaptations. however, the adjustments of the semiaquatic animals as modern analogs of evolutionary intermediates between ancestral terrestrial mammals and their fully aquatic descendants are still not fully elucidated. the aim of this study was to analyze the total lactate dehydrogenase (ldh) activity (in the lactate to pyruvate direction), the ldh patterns and the antioxida ... | 2015 | 26341791 |
| the use of acceleration to code for animal behaviours; a case study in free-ranging eurasian beavers castor fiber. | recent technological innovations have led to the development of miniature, accelerometer-containing electronic loggers which can be attached to free-living animals. accelerometers provide information on both body posture and dynamism which can be used as descriptors to define behaviour. we deployed tri-axial accelerometer loggers on 12 free-ranging eurasian beavers castor fiber in the county of telemark, norway, and on four captive beavers (two eurasian beavers and two north american beavers c. ... | 2015 | 26317623 |
| socio-ecological features other than sex affect habitat selection in the socially obligate monogamous eurasian beaver. | habitat selection is a context-dependent mechanism, in which both the internal state as well as external factors affect the behavior and decisions of an individual. this is well known for polygamous mammals, which are typically sexually dimorphic, and often express great variability in behavior and habitat selection between individuals as well between the sexes. among monogamous mammals, however, variability in habitat selection should be explained by group characteristics and the presence of of ... | 2015 | 26260166 |
| determination of perfluorinated sulfonate and perfluorinated acids in tissues of free-living european beaver (castor fiber l.) by d-spe/ micro-uhplc-ms/ms. | perfluorooctanesulfonate (pfos) and perfluorooctanoic acid (pfoa) are the main representatives of an rising class of persistent organic pollutants (pops), perfluorochemicals (pfcs). in this study, determination of selected pfcs concentration in liver, brain, tail, adipose and peritoneum tissues of free-living european beaver (castor fiber l.) was addressed. tissue samples, collected from beavers living in masurian lakeland (ne poland), were analyzed by dispersive solid phase extraction (d-spe) w ... | 2015 | 26143169 |
| haematology and serum biochemistry parameters and variations in the eurasian beaver (castor fiber). | haematology parameters (n = 24) and serum biochemistry parameters (n = 35) were determined for wild eurasian beavers (castor fiber), between 6 months - 12 years old. of the population tested in this study, n = 18 eurasian beavers were from norway and n = 17 originating from bavaria but now living extensively in a reserve in england. all blood samples were collected from beavers via the ventral tail vein. all beavers were chemically restrained using inhalant isoflurane in 100% oxygen prior to blo ... | 2015 | 26066344 |
| [succession caused by beaver (castor fiber l.) life activity: ii. a refined markov model]. | the refined markov model of cyclic zoogenic successions caused by beaver (castor fiber l.) life activity represents a discrete chain of the following six states: flooded forest, swamped forest, pond, grassy swamp, shrubby swamp, and wet forest, which correspond to certain stages of succession. those stages are defined, and a conceptual scheme of probable transitions between them for one time step is constructed from the knowledge of beaver behaviour in small river floodplains of "bryanskii les" ... | 2015 | 25985487 |
| stichorchis subtriquetrus (digenea: paramphistomatidae) from eurasian beaver (castor fiber) in the czech republic. | between march 2012 and april 2014, we performed post-mortem parasitological examinations of 11 eurasian beavers (castor fiber linnaeus, 1758) from the basins of four main rivers (dyje, labe, morava, vltava) in the czech republic. the cause of death of five adult animals was unknown, three adult animals died after being hit by cars, while one young and one adult as a result of serious injuries and one juvenile male drowned. the trematode stichorchis subtriquetrus (rudolphi, 1814) lühe, 1909 was o ... | 2015 | 25916466 |
| [morphological diversity in the postnatal skull development in representatives of two families of rodents (spalacidae, castoridae, rodentia)]. | this is the first study to describe the results of measurement of three information parameters of morphological diversity (entropy, the measure of organization, and the kullback-leibler divergence) in the course of postnatal development of the skull in the populations of two rodent species (greater mole rat (spalax microphthalmus guld.) and eurasian beaver (castor fiber (l.)). the terms "morphosystem" and "morphological space" and its structure are introduced. within the framework of the develop ... | 2015 | 25720278 |
| plasma-glucocorticoids and acth levels during different periods of activity in the european beaver (castor fiber l.). | glucocorticoids (gcs) and adrenocorticotropic hormone (acth) are major components of the classic endocrine stress response. free-living vertebrates are characterized by circannual changes in the baseline and/or stress-induced secretion of gcs and acth. in mammalian species, gc and acth levels vary seasonally but there is no consensus to the season in which animals have elevated gc and acth levels. the aim of our study was to determine, for the first time, the type and amount of glucocorticoids p ... | 2015 | 26975136 |
| [succession caused by beaver (castor fiber l.) life activity: i. what is learnt from the calibration of a simple markov model]. | a homogeneous markov chain of three aggregated states "pond--swamp--wood" is proposed as a model of cyclic zoogenic successions caused by beaver (castor fiber l.) life activity in a forest biogeocoenosis. to calibrate the chain transition matrix, the data have appeared sufficient that were gained from field studies undertaken in "bryanskii les" reserve in the years of 2002-2008. major outcomes of the calibrated model ensue from the formulae of finite homogeneous markov chain theory: the stationa ... | 2014 | 25509040 |
| [succession caused by beaver (castor fiber l.) life activity: i. what is learnt from the calibration of a simple markov model]. | a homogeneous markov chain of three aggregated states "pond--swamp--wood" is proposed as a model of cyclic zoogenic successions caused by beaver (castor fiber l.) life activity in a forest biogeocoenosis. to calibrate the chain transition matrix, the data have appeared sufficient that were gained from field studies undertaken in "bryanskii les" reserve in the years of 2002-2008. major outcomes of the calibrated model ensue from the formulae of finite homogeneous markov chain theory: the stationa ... | 2014 | 25490839 |
| beavers indicate metal pollution away from industrial centers in northeastern poland. | heavy metals are persistent environmental contaminants, and wild animals are increasingly exposed to the harmful effects of compounds of anthropogenic origin, even in areas distant from industrial centers. we used atomic absorption spectrometry to determine levels of cadmium (cd), lead (pb), copper (cu), and zinc (zn) in liver and kidney of wild eurasian beavers (castor fiber) in poland. cd concentrations in liver (0.21 ± 0.44 μg/g) and in kidney (2.81 ± 4.52 μg/g) were lower in juvenile than in ... | 2015 | 25369919 |
| histological evaluation of selected organs of the eurasian beavers (castor fiber) inhabiting poland. | there is a general scarcity of data on the histological structure of major organs in the eurasian beaver (castor fiber). this study presents the histological characteristics of beaver organs such as the liver, spleen, cardiac muscle, lungs and kidneys. tissue samples were collected from 21 beavers and analysed. selected samples of tail tissue were additionally examined. tissue samples were placed in neutral buffered formalin and embedded in paraffin. 4-μm-thick sections were stained with haemato ... | 2015 | 25255694 |
| nuclear and mitochondrial genetic structure in the eurasian beaver (castor fiber) - implications for future reintroductions. | many reintroduction projects for conservation fail, and there are a large number of factors that may contribute to failure. genetic analysis can be used to help stack the odds of a reintroduction in favour of success, by conducting assessment of source populations to evaluate the possibility of inbreeding and outbreeding depression and by conducting postrelease monitoring. in this study, we use a panel of 306 snp (single nucleotide polymorphism) markers and 487-489 base pairs of mitochondrial dn ... | 2014 | 25067948 |
| a novel method to reduce time investment when processing videos from camera trap studies. | camera traps have proven very useful in ecological, conservation and behavioral research. camera traps non-invasively record presence and behavior of animals in their natural environment. since the introduction of digital cameras, large amounts of data can be stored. unfortunately, processing protocols did not evolve as fast as the technical capabilities of the cameras. we used camera traps to record videos of eurasian beavers (castor fiber). however, a large number of recordings did not contain ... | 2014 | 24918777 |
| the genetic legacy of multiple beaver reintroductions in central europe. | the comeback of the eurasian beaver (castor fiber) throughout western and central europe is considered a major conservation success. traditionally, several subspecies are recognised by morphology and mitochondrial haplotype, each linked to a relict population. during various reintroduction programs in the 20th century, beavers from multiple source localities were released and now form viable populations. these programs differed in their reintroduction strategies, i.e., using pure subspecies vs. ... | 2014 | 24827835 |
| ancient mitochondrial dna and the genetic history of eurasian beaver (castor fiber) in europe. | after centuries of human hunting, the eurasian beaver castor fiber had disappeared from most of its original range by the end of the 19th century. the surviving relict populations are characterized by both low genetic diversity and strong phylogeographical structure. however, it remains unclear whether these attributes are the result of a human-induced, late holocene bottleneck or already existed prior to this reduction in range. to investigate genetic diversity in eurasian beaver populations du ... | 2014 | 24795996 |
| light and electron microscopy of the european beaver (castor fiber) stomach reveal unique morphological features with possible general biological significance. | anatomical, histological, and ultrastructural studies of the european beaver stomach revealed several unique morphological features. the prominent attribute of its gross morphology was the cardiogastric gland (cgg), located near the oesophageal entrance. light microscopy showed that the cgg was formed by invaginations of the mucosa into the submucosa, which contained densely packed proper gastric glands comprised primarily of parietal and chief cells. mucous neck cells represented <0.1% of cells ... | 2014 | 24727802 |
| the innate immunity of wild eurasian beaver from poland - present knowledge and the need for research. | for the first time we tried to examine the basic parameters of innate immunity in beavers for developing the new methods of prevention against infectious diseases in different reintroduction and translocation programmes in poland. the aim of the present study was to determine the selected innate immunity parameters in eurasian beavers living in natural conditions. the analyses of the results showed that the phagocytic ability (rba) and potential killing activity (pka) of blood phagocytes were hi ... | 2014 | 26155167 |
| spatial spread of eurasian beavers in river networks: a comparison of range expansion rates. | 1. accurately measuring the rate of spread for expanding populations is important for reliably predicting their future spread, as well as for evaluating the effect of different conditions and management activities on that rate of spread. 2. although a number of methods have been developed for such measurement, all these are designed only for one- or two-dimensional spread. species dispersing along rivers, however, require specific methods due to the distinctly branching structure of river networ ... | 2013 | 23336367 |
| the influence of mean climate trends and climate variance on beaver survival and recruitment dynamics. | ecologists are increasingly aware of the importance of environmental variability in natural systems. climate change is affecting both the mean and the variability in weather and, in particular, the effect of changes in variability is poorly understood. organisms are subject to selection imposed by both the mean and the range of environmental variation experienced by their ancestors. changes in the variability in a critical environmental factor may therefore have consequences for vital rates and ... | 2012 | 24501052 |