| structural changes of toxoplasma gondii bradyzoites and cysts following therapy with sulfamethoxypyrazine-pyrimethamine: studies by light and electron microscopy. consequences for chemotherapy. | mastomys natalensis chronically infected with toxoplasma gondii strain alt over two months were treated with sulfamethoxypyrazine-pyrimethamine for 10 and 25 days. 72 hours after discontinuation of therapy the animals were sacrificed. the brains were removed and, following corresponding preparation, studied for the presence of the parasite and structural changes of cysts by light and transmission electron microscopy. more or less pronounced structural changes could be found in cyst walls, bradyz ... | 1979 | 44617 |
| [chemoprophylactic activity of filaricidal compounds on litomosoides carinii infection of mastomys natalensis (author's transl)]. | | 1977 | 70091 |
| uptake and distribution of 3h testosterone in tissues of male praomys (mastomys) natalensis: an in vivo and in vitro study on the prostate. | following the administration of labelled testosterone into 4-6 month old intact, or 24 h orchiectomized praomys (mastomys) natalensis, the uptake of radioactivity by the prostate and other tissues was measured at different intervals. two hours after the injection of the hormone, the concentration of radioactivity in the prostate was significantly higher than in most of the other organs, but less than that of the liver and kidney. most of the radioactivity taken up by the liver and kidney disappe ... | 1976 | 134485 |
| induction of forestomach, duodenal and liver tumors in praomys (mastomys) natalensis by oral or intragastric administration of n-methyl-n'-nitro-n-nitrosoguanidine. | | 1975 | 171764 |
| the structure of rodent faunas associated with arenaviral infections. | the biogeographical examination of rodent faunas associated with arenaviruses reveals two distinct patterns. lymphocytic choriomeningitis (lcm) virus is associated primarily with a single murid species, mus musculus, although it is also known to cause laboratory infections in other species. on the other hand, the arenaviruses from the western hemisphere are associated exclusively with a large and diverse group of cricetid rodents. studies to date, although limited, have not demonstrated their as ... | 1975 | 182403 |
| mastomys natalensis papilloma virus (mnpv), the causative agent of epithelial proliferations: characterization of the virus particle. | a virus (mnpv) with the structural characteristics of papilloma viruses was isolated from benign and malignant proliferations of adult animals of the inbred line 'gra giessen' of mastomys natalensis. the particles can be banded in cscl gradients at densities of 1.34 g/ml (full particles) and 1.29 g/ml (empty particles). the virus dna has a buoyant density of 1.7104 g/ml and can exist in three different conformations (supercoiled circular, nicked circular and linear), the sedimentation values of ... | 1978 | 214519 |
| the natural occurrence of trypanozoon in domestic chicken in the ivory coast. | from a natural infected chicken (gallus gallus var. domesticus) in the ivory coast trypanosomes were isolated using mastomys natalensis as recipient animal. trypanosomes were diagnosed as belonging to the subgenus trypanozoon from its morphology and its infectivity for rodents. the stabilated stock was able to infect a laboratory chicken. the stock proved to be human plasma subresistant and showed electrophoretic patterns of three enzymes (alat iii, me i, pep iii) so far only seen in pig and dog ... | 1979 | 225849 |
| isolation of an arenavirus closely related to lassa virus from mastomys natalensis in south-east africa. | five unidentified virus strains were recovered from the multimammate mouse ,mastomys natalensis, during the course of studies on arbovirus infections in mozambique. these agents were found to be morphologically and immunologically related to lassa virus. four of 19 sera from mastomys captured in the study area had antibodies to both lassa virus and one of the unidentified strains. although not definitive, the differences noted in results of complement fixation and indirect immunofluorescent test ... | 1977 | 304387 |
| attempts to infect meriones unguiculatus and mastomys natalensis with wuchereria bancrofti from west africa. | 44 male and female meriones unguiculatus and 13 male mastomys natalensis were inoculated with infective stage larvae of wuchereria bancrofti from west africa and dissected between 16 and 360 days after inoculation. fourth stage larvae of w. bancrofti were recovered in meriones until the 90th day p.i. and in mastomys until the 175th day p.i. the longest larva obtained from meriones measured 9.5 mm and from mastomys 6.5 mm. | 1979 | 395744 |
| [experimental studies on the schistosomicidal activity of the aminobenzaldehyde derivative 80.647 (author's transl)]. | in a group of aminobenzaldehyde derivatives the 2-cholor-4-(1)-piperazinobenalazine showed to be highly active in golden hamsters (mesocricetus auratus), mastomys natalensis and capucine monkeys (cebus capucinus capucinus) against schistosoma mansoni, slightly active against s. mattheei and inactive against s. haematobium and s. japonicum. the d.c.m. in mice and hamsters was 50 mg/kg body weight after a single oral dose and 20 or 50 mg/kg body weight respectively when dosed once daily on 5 conse ... | 1977 | 404743 |
| role of homocytotropic antibodies in pathogenesis of gastric ulcer. | praomys (mastomys) natalensis were sensitised by peritoneal injection of ovalbumin mixed with aluminium hydroxide. the animals developed homocytotoropic ige and igg 1 antibodies. when presensitised animals were challenged with ovalbumin in the gastric wall, a gastric ulcer appeared. this ulceration, induced by an immunological release of histamine, could be inhibited by the administration of disodium cromoglycate. the present model is useful for producing a gastric ulcer in a determined site. it ... | 1979 | 478197 |
| trypanosome infections in domestic animals in liberia. | in 5 domestic animal species of the liberian rain forest, investigations were done on the infection rates with trypanosomes of the subgenera nannomonas, duttonella and trypanozoon and on possible reservoir hosts for trypanosoma (t.) brucei gambiense. serological screening (indirect fluorescent antibody test) revealed that infection rates with trypanosoma spp. were in n'dama cattle 80.4%, in pigs 76.0%, in dogs 48.5%, in goats 35.1% and in sheep 28.1%. in n'damas, antibodies to t. (n.) congolense ... | 1979 | 483383 |
| laboratory test of seven rodenticides for the control of mastomys natalensis. | laboratory feeding tests were carried out to assess the efficacy of seven rodenticides against mastomys natalensis. the poisons (warfarin, coumatetralyl, difenacoum, brodifacoum, bromadiolone, calciferol and zinc phosphide) were all toxic at the concentrations normally used against rattus norvegicus (berk.), although several were unpalatable. trials are now needed to demonstrate the relative efficacy of these poisons in the field, but it is likely that, given suitable bait formulations, they wou ... | 1979 | 489963 |
| types and quality of animals in cancer research. | in addition to studies in man, animal models may serve as important tools in the detection of the etiology, biology and treatment of certain types of human cancers. various models have become available by performing life span studies on 2 rat strains, viz wag/rij, bn/bi and (wag x bn) f1 hybrid and on praomys natalensis. several of these models are described. a basic prerequisite for these types of studies is the availability of animals of good quality. after a general description of the quality ... | 1979 | 495388 |
| nuclear androgen receptors in the prostate of male praomys (mastomys) natalensis. | | 1979 | 524560 |
| chemotherapeutic studies on litomosoides carinii infection of mastomys natalensis. 8. the action of furazolidone on adult worms and microfilariae. | after oral administration of furazolidone in doses of 5 x 50 mg/kg and 1 x 100 mg/kg body weight to litomosoides carinii--infected mastomys natalensis microfilaraemia decreased continuously and was reduced by more than 98% 42 days after start of treatment. after the 5-day treatment all adult female and male worms were found dead and encapsulated within 2 weeks, whereas after the single dose 100% of the female parasites were encapsulated 28 days after treatment. in untreated animals quantiative e ... | 1979 | 543002 |
| [histological reactions of the host induced by the larvae of the warble-fly oestromyia leporina pall. (diptera, hypodermatidae) (author's transl)]. | the histological reactions of mastomys natalensis induced by the larvae of oestromyia leporina are described from the start of the infection to the complete healing of the evacuated cyst. against the migrating larva no cellular reactions take place. after the larva settles, the most obvious feature is a non-suppurative inflammation of the surrounding tissue, while a layer of granulation tissue, infiltrated with eosinophils, is built up around the parasite. about 13 days p.i. the number of eosino ... | 1979 | 543213 |
| receptor protein for dihydrotestosterone in nuclei of the female prostate of praomys (mastomys) natalensis. | an investigation was carried out to identify and characterize the binding of androgens within the nuclei of the prostate from female praomys (mastomys) natalensis. after in vivo and in vitro labeling with tritiated androgens, the tissue was subjected to cell fractionation and the nuclear fraction was purified. gel exclusion chromatography and sucrose density gradient centrifugation of the nuclear extract showed the presence of a steroid receptor complex having a sedimentation coefficient of 3 s. ... | 1978 | 568605 |
| on dipetalonema viteae infection of mastomys natalensis. | experimental infections were carried out with the tissue-dwelling filaria dipetalonema viteae using the argasid tick ornithodorus moubata as the intermediate and the multimammate rat mastomys natalensis (strain gra giessen) as the final host. the optimum infective dose was found to be 50 third-stage larvae, which produced patent infections and the recovery rates of adult parasites were 47.6 and 26.4% of the inoculated larvae 140 and 189 days after infection, respectively. after an average prepat ... | 1979 | 571635 |
| [simultaneous infection of mastomys natalensis with dipetalonema witei and litomosoides carinii (author's transl)]. | mastomys natalensis that has been described by lämmler et al. (1968) as suitable host for litomosoides carinii can also serve as final host for dipetalonema witei. at the end of the prepatency period the microfilaraemia increased as rapidly in mastomys as in the original final host meriones persicus. maximal microfilaraemia was observed earlier in mastomys (120 days p.inf.) than in meriones (250 days p.inf.). accordingly microfilariae counts decreased more rapidly in mastomys. the maximal counts ... | 1979 | 575582 |
| freeze-etching observations on toxoplasma gondii-cysts from brain of mastomys natalensis. | | 1978 | 644098 |
| [investigations on the susceptibility of mastomys natalensis to trypanosoma (trypanozoon) brucei gambiense (author's transl)]. | mastomys natalensis ("redeyed variant") proved to be as susceptible as suckling rats to infections with trypanosoma (trypanozoon) brucei gambiense (14 passages after isolation). the susceptibility of m. natalensis and rats was significantly higher than that of mice. after 21 further passages the t. (t.) b. gambiense strain was fully adapted to m. natalensis. polymorphic trypanosome strains could be isolated from pigs and dogs in liberia using m. natalensis as recipient rodents. some of these str ... | 1978 | 644653 |
| effect of diethylcarbamazine on the microfilariae of litomosoides carinii in mastomys natalensis: dynamics of cell adhesion, immobilization and elimination of microfilariae. | | 1978 | 644656 |
| mastomys natalensis as an experimental host for leishmania mexicana mexicana. | young multimammate rats (mastomys natalensis) can be readily infected when inoculated intradermally with the amastigotes of leishmania mexicana mexicana. lesions appear at the site of inoculation in the second week of infection and continue to increase in size for the first month; amastigotes can be detected during this period. in the second month, lesions begin to decrease in size and it is more difficult to detect amastigotes. three months after inoculation, the rats show no sign of infection. ... | 1978 | 653786 |
| the role of mastomys natalensis (smith) in trichinella spiralis transmission. | | 1978 | 664697 |
| chemotherapeutic studies on litomosoides carinii infection of mastomys natalensis. 7. filaricidal activity of furazolidone. | investigations were carried out on the filaricidal activity of furazolidone against litomosoides carinii infection in mastomys natalensis. oral administration of the drug in daily doses of 25, 50, 75, and 150 mg/kg body weight on 5 consecutive days revealed respectively 96,4, 99,3 and, with the two later doses, 100% reduction of macrofilariae in the pleural cavities, and produced a continuing dose-dependant decrease of microfilaraemia in the circulating blood. after oral doses of 5 x 50 mg/kg, a ... | 1978 | 675840 |
| biological species in praomys (mastomys) natalensis (smith), a rodent carrier of lassa virus and bubonic plague in africa. | plague has been known from countries surrounding rhodesia from as early as 1935, but was first reported from rhodesia in 1974. part of our investigation of the complex ecosystem involving yersinia pestis is critical assessment of the evolutionary status of natural populations belonging to formal, taxonomic species of implicated rodents. we present data on chromosomal and hemoglobin variation in sympatric populations and laboratory produced hybrids that give unequivocal evidence for at least two ... | 1978 | 677375 |
| litomosoides carinii: effect of splenectomy on the ability of naive mastomys natalensis to accept transplanted adults. | | 1978 | 680080 |
| the efficacy of anthelmintics against third stage larvae of ancylostoma caninum in mastomys natalensis. | investigations have been carried out on the multimammate rat (mastomys natalensis), orally infected with 1000 third stage larvae of ancylostoma caninum per animal, to evaluate the larvicidal efficacy of anthelmintics in this paratenic host. the oral or subcutaneous administration of 19 anthelmintics and filaricides revealed good activity for levamisole, cambendazole, and mebendazole against 15-day-old ancylostoma larvae which were located in the muscular tissue. similarly, good results were obta ... | 1978 | 741857 |
| lassa fever: review of epidemiology and epizootiology. | the basic ecology of lassa fever appears to involve enzootic transmission of virus in commensal populations of a single murine species, mastomys natalensis. virus may spill over from the rodent cycle to man by various routes. secondary spread between humans may occur within domiciliary groups, and persons infected within the community who develop clinical disease may introduce the virus into hospital and begin a cycle of nosocomial infection.between 1969, when lassa fever was first described, an ... | 1975 | 782738 |
| comparative pathology of lassa virus infection in monkeys, guinea-pigs, and mastomys natalensis. | experimental lassa virus infections of squirrel monkeys, guinea-pigs, and the african multimammate rat, mastomys natalensis, were studied virologically and pathologically. in the monkeys, early viral lymphoreticulotropism, hepatotropism, nephrotropism, and viraemia were noted. at the time of death, viral titres in nearly all target organs were associated with necrotic changes: splenic lymphoid necrosis, renal tubular necrosis, myocarditis, arteritis, and hepatocytic regeneration. in convalescent ... | 1975 | 821625 |
| intracutaneous cornifying epithelioma ("keratoacanthoma") of dogs and keratoacanthoma of man. | the intracutaneous cornifying epithelioma ("keratoacanthoma") of dogs was compared with keratoacanthoma of man based on findings in the literature and in house studies. the two tumors differ at the following points: epithelium of origin, rate of growth, infiltration, spontaneous involution, breed predisposition (norwegian elkhound, generalized form), occurrence in dogs at a younger or middle age. the development of this tumor in dogs seems to be comparable with the development of so-called kerat ... | 1977 | 858252 |
| evaluation of live attenuated plague vaccines in praomys (mastomys) natalensis. | a live attenuated yersinia pestis vaccine designated ev76-51f, which had previously been shown to be pathogenic in vervet monkeys but not in guinea pigs, was tested in the multimammate mouse praomys (mastomys) natalensis. doses of 10(6) viable organisms inoculated subcutaneously as either a lyophilized suspension or an agar-grown culture resulted in vaccination fatalities in praomys but not in white mice. hemagglutinating antibodies to the fraction 1 antigen were not stimulated by doses lower th ... | 1977 | 908624 |
| the effect of sulfomethoxypyrazine-pyrimethamine therapy on the fine structure of toxoplasma gondii-cysts in the brain of mastomys natalensis. scanning and transmission electron microscopical investigations. | two month old chronically infected mastomys natalensis, which had been treated for ten days with sulfomethoxypyrazine-pyrimethamine, were utilized for testing the effect of chemotherapy on the fine structure of toxoplasma cysts (strain alt). after completion of the therapy, cysts were examined from the brains of killed animals in scanning and transmission electron microscopes. the scanning electron microscopic experiments revealed no or only slight morphological differences between the cysts of ... | 1977 | 910581 |
| praomys (mastomys) natalensis: an african mouse capable of sustaining persistent asymptomatic rabies infection. | | 1977 | 931261 |
| natural resistance of an african rodent praomys (mastomys) natalensis to rabies infection. | praomys (mastomys) natalensis, the multimammate mouse, proved resistant to the intracerebral and peripheral infection with rabies virus of serotype 1, which is found world-wide. it is, however, fully susceptible to the other serotypes of this virus group, which to-date have only been found on the african continent. resistance develops between the third and twenty-first day after birth. in the brain of the resistant animal the inoculated virus multiplies to a low degree and the animal does not de ... | 1976 | 952444 |
| absence of vitamin b12-binding proteins in the histamine-containing gastric carcinoid in praomys (mastomys) natalensis. | the transplantable argyrophilic gastric carcinoids producing histamine found in praomys (mastomys) natalensis contained no significant amount of vitamin b12-binding proteins. it was also demonstrated that the concentration of vitamin b12-binding proteins in glandular stomach of mastomys was much lower than those in the same tissues of the rat or mouse. | 1976 | 1001869 |
| fate of litomosoides carinii adults transplanted into the pleural or peritoneal cavity of infected and naive multimammate rats (mastomys natalensis). | in each of 4 experiments, 58 multimammate rats (mastomys natalensis) were subdivided into 5 groups. thirty-four rats were infected with litomosoides carinii and infections were allowed to become patent. ten days after patency adult worms were surgically transferred from donor rats to each of 1 group of infected rats and 1 group of naive rats. groups of infected and naive rats served as controls. transfers were made either intrapleurally or intraperitoneally. samples of blood and tissues were tak ... | 1976 | 1003278 |
| lassa fever (arenaviruses) as a public health problem. | two "new" virus infections, marburg and lassa fever, now constitute diseases of public health importance in several countries of africa, especially west africa. lassa fever has an insidious onset, is initially difficult to diagnose, has "nonspecific" clinical symptoms which have been confused with yellow fever and typhoid, shows evidence of persistent infection, is tremendously contagious, has a high mortality rate, and in particular exhibits unusual nosocomial propensity. it has also been shown ... | 1976 | 1026322 |
| recent isolations of lassa virus from nigerian rodents. | rodents were trapped in the benue-plateau and north-eastern states of nigeria where lassa fever had been reported in previous years. eight lassa virus strains were isolated from tissues and blood of rodents identified in the field as being of 3 different species: mastomys natalensis, rattus rattus, and mus minutoides. all the infected rodents were collected in village habitats. these isolations indicate the presence of lassa virus in wild rodents in nigeria during periods when no human infection ... | 1975 | 1085216 |
| the ecology of praomys (mastomys) natalensis in southern africa. | the only non-human host of lassa virus so far identified is the multimammate mouse, praomys (mastomys) natalensis, but its precise role in the natural lassa fever cycle remains to be determined. this species is also an important link in the plague cycle in southern africa and is one of the commonest rodents of africa. it is a prolific breeder and can be kept and bred easily in captivity. it is thus an excellent laboratory animal, although it needs to be handled with care because it is aggressive ... | 1975 | 1085218 |
| the biology, behaviour, and ecology of mastomys natalensis in southern africa. | the multimammate mouse, mastomys natalensis, is the most widespread and common rodent in africa south of the sahara. it is an ideal carrier of normally non-human diseases to the domestic environment, not only because of its semi-commensal habit but also because of a combination of other behavioural and ecological factors. of these, the most important is an exceptionally high propagation rate. | 1975 | 1085219 |
| spontaneous diseases in a closed colony of praomys (mastomys) natalensis. | in comparison with other rodents, the mastomys is unique as regards the patterns of neoplastic and non-neoplastic diseases that it develops, some of which may constitute suitable animal models for corresponding diseases of man. among the spontaneous diseases commonly encountered in necropsies of 600 mastomys maintained in a closed colony were: (1) degenerative joint disease of diarthroses and interventricular disks, which develops regularly in the second year of life; (2) renal disease, a type o ... | 1975 | 1085220 |
| lassa virus infection in mastomys natalensis in sierra leone. gross and microscopic findings in infected and uninfected animals. | pathological examinations of 28 wild-caught mastomys natalensis from sierra leone, 14 of which were positive for lassa virus by tissue culture, are reported. the high frequency of neoplastic and degenerative diseases observed among older animals in closed colonies of m. natalensis were not observed in the wild animals studied. this is probably a reflection of the age distribution of the study population, since the life expectancy of wild mastomys is less than a year. inflammatory lesions were no ... | 1975 | 1085221 |
| problems of rodent control in rural tropical areas. | rodent control strategies, techniques, and research needs in rural tropical environments are reviewed and discussed with special reference to mastomys natalensis, the possible reservoir of lassa fever in west africa.public health rodent problems are far more serious and widespread in rural tropical areas than in developed countries. in the latter, only the commensal rodents constitute a major problem, whereas in rural tropical areas, native semidomestic species also serve as disease reservoirs a ... | 1975 | 1085222 |
| evaluation of demographic parameters of native rodent populations and implications for control. | the ecology of the multimammate mouse ,mastomys natalensis, is reviewed and approximations are derived for the parameters governing population growth. by means of computer simulation, the relative importance of the timing of reproduction, the age class distribution or age structure of the population, the competition between mastomys and rattus, and the interaction with a predator are evaluated. although each of these demographic or ecological factors modifies the fate of the mastomys population, ... | 1975 | 1085223 |
| [chemotherapeutic studies on litomosoides carinii infection of mastomys natalensis. 5. alterations of haematological parameters after the administration of filaricidal compounds (author's transl)]. | the peripheral blood picture of multimammate rats (mastomys natalensis) infected with litomosoides carinii was studied. changes were followed in patent infections from 64 to 176 days after infection in animals treated with diethylcarbamazine (5 x 100 mg/kg per os), hoe 258 v (5 x 10 mg/kg subcutaneously), suramin (5 x 40 mg/kg subcutaneously) and with a combined treatment of diethylcarbamazine and suramin. in addition, haematological changes were followed in non-infected animals treated with sur ... | 1975 | 1096385 |
| chemotherapeutic studies on litomosoides carinii infection of mastomys natalensis. 6. the filaricidal activity of organophosphorus compounds. | several organophosphorus compounds have been evaluated for their efficacy against micro- and macrofilariae in experimental investigations on litomosoides carinii infection in the multimammate rat mastomys natalensis. the anthelmintic haloxon proved to be the most effective compound with high activity against microfilariae and a favourable chemotherapeutic range. the organophosphates fenthion, dursban, metrifonate, coumaphos, crufomate and naphthalophos also showed pronounced microfilaricidal act ... | 1975 | 1189030 |
| ["keratoacanthomas" in mastomys natalensis (author's transl)]. | 54 tumors of mastomys natalensis (gra giessen), described in the literature as "keratoacanthomas" were investigated by light and electron microscopy. they are induced by a virus of the papova group. their histogenesis and their course are very different from human keratoacanthoma. the results reveal problems related to experimental animal tumour models and the similarities of different malignancies in the nomenclatures of several disciplines. | 1975 | 1211973 |
| mastomys natalensis as an experimental host for brugia malaye subperiodic. | infective larvae of brugia malayi subperiodic obtained by dissection of infected aedes togoi were injected subcutaneously into the scrotal region of mastomys natalensis. from altogether 58 infected male m. natalensis 81% showed consistently or intermittently detectable microfilaraemia, whereas in 19% of the animals no microfilaraemia could be detected at any stage. the mean prepatent period was 136 days; the microfilarial density varied from 1 to 535 per 20 c. mm blood. in those animlas with con ... | 1975 | 1221502 |
| the homocytotropic and hemagglutinating antibody responses to brugia pahangi infection in the multimammate rat (mastomys natalensis). | homocytotropic and hemagglutinating antibody responses were followed in multimammate rate (mastomys natalensis) infected with brugia pahangi. homocytotropic antibodies were detected by both active and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis using an antigen prepared from dirofilaria immitis. the homocytotropic antibody response was first evident at 3 weeks after infection and increased progressively until after patency. it then waned gradually and was absent at 33 weeks after infection (or 20 weeks after ... | 1976 | 1259087 |
| [capillaria hepatica infection of mastomys natalensis: on the development, egg production and host reaction (author's transl)]. | studies on the development and egg production of capillaria hepatica and on the macroscopically visible alterations of the liver and spleen of the host were carried out in experimentally infected mastomys natalensis. following the oral administration of infective eggs the first stage larvae hatched in the caecum of fasting and fed animals after about 8 and 15 hours respectively. the prepatency could be found with 20 days. the dynamics and duration of egg production of the parasite proved to be d ... | 1976 | 1266288 |
| role of free radicals in plasmodium berghei infected mastomys natalensis brain. | lipid peroxide, lipid hydroperoxide, reduced glutathione, oxidised glutathione, lipofuscin contents and the activity of the enzyme superoxide dismutase were assessed in p. berghei infected m. natalensis brain. the results showed significant increase in the levels of lipid peroxides, lipid hydroperoxides and lipofuscin in brain subcellular fractions of p. berghei infected m. natalensis. furthermore, a depressed superoxide dismutase activity was observed along with regulation in glutathione conten ... | 1992 | 1294484 |
| studies on the infectivity of gametocytes of plasmodium berghei (nk 65) in anopheles stephensi. | the infectivity of gametocytes of plasmodium berghei (nk 65) has been studied in laboratory bred anopheles stephensi. mosquitoes were fed daily on infected male and female mastomys natalensis and subsequent development of the oocysts was monitored in the midguts. maximum number of oocysts were found in mosquitoes which were fed on infected female mastomys on d8 and in male mastomys on d7 post-inoculation. during the next peak of gametocytaemia, very few oocysts developed. these findings suggest ... | 1992 | 1296945 |
| primary structure of the e6 protein of micromys minutus papillomavirus and mastomys natalensis papillomavirus. | | 1992 | 1319576 |
| a decade of plague epidemiology and control in the western usambara mountains, north-east tanzania. | outbreaks of human plague have been occurring in the western usambara mountains since 1980, involving many cases and deaths. epidemiological surveys and control activities were carried out from june 1980 to may 1990. rodents were trapped live, identified and serologically tested for plague, using the passive haemagglutination and passive haemagglutination inhibition tests. rodent fleas were collected, processed, identified and counted. house fleas were caught with light traps and similarly treat ... | 1992 | 1356303 |
| plague in lushoto district, tanzania, 1980-1988. | rodents were live-trapped in selected plague-inflicted villages from june 1980 to march 1988. flea infestation rates were determined and the animals were serologically tested for plague. clinically suspected and clinically healthy people in the affected areas were similarly tested for plague antibodies. of 1596 rodent sera tested, 91 (5.7%) were positive for plague. these were mostly from rattus rattus, mastomys natalensis, otomys spp. and pelomys fallax. a total of 1772 fleas, of which dinopsyl ... | 1992 | 1440831 |
| effect of picroliv on glutathione metabolism in liver and brain of mastomys natalensis infected with plasmodium berghei. | administration of picroliv, the active principle from picrorhiza kurrooa, at a dose of 6 mg/kg, po for two weeks showed significant protection against changes in liver and brain glutathione metabolism of plasmodium berghei infected mastomys natalensis. the depletion of reduced glutathione level and inhibition of glutathione-s-transferase, glutathione reductase and glutathione peroxidase activities due to p. berghei infection were markedly recovered by picroliv. the increased levels of lipid pero ... | 1992 | 1459651 |
| identification of circulating parasite acetylcholinesterase in human and rodent filariasis. | in the present study, the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (ache) from filarial parasites was identified in sera from humans infected with onchocerca volvulus as well as in mastomys natalensis infected with brugia pahangi. the enzyme was present in immune complexes precipitated with cold 4% polyethylene glycol. the infected sera showed 3-4 times more ache activity than did normal sera, and enzyme activity could be demonstrated in 5% polyacrylamide gels by specific staining. the enzyme from infected s ... | 1992 | 1480604 |
| effect of 2,2'-dicarbomethoxylamino-5,5'-dibenzimidazolyl ketone on antioxidant defenses of acanthocheilonema viteae and its laboratory host mastomys natalensis. | the effect of the macrofilaricidal agent of 2,2'-dicarbomethoxylamino-5,5'-dibenzimidazolyl ketone (c.d.r.i. compound 82/437), on the metabolism of reactive oxygen species (ros) in acanthocheilonema viteae and mastomys natalensis was measured following intraperitoneal administration at therapeutic doses. the recovered worms possessed substantially reduced levels of catalase and glutathione peroxidase (gpx), and thus were less able to detoxify h2o2. nonetheless, the subcutaneous and adjoining mus ... | 1992 | 1510719 |
| cloning and characterization of gastrin receptor from ecl carcinoid tumor of mastomys natalensis. | we report here the cdna cloning of a putative gastrin receptor from enterochromaffin-like (ecl) carcinoid tumor of mastomys natalensis. for this study, we used the polymerase chain reaction technique to amplify transmembrane domain sequences related to rat pancreatic cholecystokinin (cck)-a receptor from the ecl tumor cdna library. the amino acid sequence deduced from the cloned cdna showed 85.7% and 49.0% identity to canine parietal cell gastrin receptor and rat pancreatic cck-a receptor, respe ... | 1992 | 1530611 |
| brugia malayi in mastomys natalensis: efficacy of mebendazole in combination with freund's complete adjuvant. | the chemotherapeutic efficacy of mebendazole given in combination with freund's complete adjuvant (fca) against brugia malayi in multimammate rat was evaluated. animals treated with mebendazole, orally at 200 mg/kg x 5 consecutive days along with fca given subcutaneously (s.c.) on day -10, day 0 and day +15 of the drug treatment killed 48.51% of the adult worms. this drug given alone at the same regimen and by the same route showed only 18.7% mortality rate on adults. mebendazole given intraperi ... | 1992 | 1644349 |
| humoral immune response to infective larval antigen in brugia malayi infected mastomys natalensis. | the sequential changes in the humoral immune response against infective larval antigens during the course of brugia malayi infection in mastomys natalensis have been studied using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. igm antibody against b. malayi infective larval excretory secretory (es) antigen was detected in the peripheral circulation within a week of infection, whereas igm antibody against b. malayi infective larval somatic antigen and igg antibody against both somatic and es antigens were de ... | 1991 | 1674404 |
| the ngf complex from the african rat mastomys natalensis. | the 7s ngf complex from the male mouse submaxillary gland consists of the alpha, gamma, and beta subunits in the ratio alpha 2 gamma 2 beta. the beta (ngf) subunit contains all the known biolocial activity of 7s ngf. the alpha and gamma subunits are both members of glandular kallikrein gene family, yet only gamma subunit has protease activity. the gamma subunit plays a role in the processing of preprongf to its mature form, while the role of the alpha subunit is not yet understood. despite the f ... | 1991 | 1791910 |
| impact of surface modifications of acanthocheilonema viteae microfilariae on cell adhesion. | exposure of a. viteae microfilariae to various lectins reduced their capacity to react with the peritoneal exudate cells of the host, mastomys natalensis. sugars corresponding to these lectins with the exception of n-acetyl glucosamine, did not affect the adhesion per se. they however, protected the parasite against the adverse effect of lectins. neuraminidase and chitinase also suppressed adhesion capacity of the microfilariae. except sodium dodecylsulphate which enhanced cell attachment, other ... | 1991 | 1814837 |
| cyclic amp level in red blood cells of plasmodium berghei-infected mastomys natalensis. | the present report describes the changes in cyclic amp level which occur upon parasitization of red cells by plasmodium berghei. parasitized erythrocytes were separated from the non-parasitized population by percoll density-gradient centrifugation. an increase in the cyclic amp content of both non-parasitized and parasitized erythrocytes of infected animals compared with that of uninfected animals was observed. the patterns of physiological response to isoproterenol in normal, parasitized and no ... | 1991 | 1849086 |
| on the pathogenesis of anaemia and leukopenia in filarial (litomosoides carinii) infection of mastomys natalensis. | mastomys natalensis infected with the filarial parasite litomosoides carinii show anaemia and leukopenia. alterations start with the onset of microfilaraemia. anaemia is temporally macrocytic (up to 80 days after infection), subsequently normocytic and hypochromic, accompanied by reticulocytosis. increased intravascular haemolysis (i) and functional disorders of the haemopoetic system (ii) are involved in the pathogenesis. i: circulating erythrocytes showed increased osmofragility. hypoglycaemia ... | 1991 | 1853669 |
| gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase in lymphatic tissues of mastomys natalensis during an infection with acanthocheilonema viteae. | during acanthocheilonema viteae infection, the specific activity of gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (gamma-gt) increased in peritoneal exudate cells and bone marrow and decreased in lymph nodes of mastomys natalensis throughout the course of infection. however, though there was an increase in specific activity of gamma-gt in thymus and spleen during the prepatent phase of a. viteae infection, the level either returned to normal or decreased during the latent phase of infection. a close correlation ... | 1990 | 1973658 |
| ultrastructure of the submandibular gland in the african multimammate rodent, praomys natalensis. | praomys natalensis, an african rodent that is phenotypically and cytogenetically intermediate to rats and mice, possesses a submandibular gland that is histologically similar to that in both of these near relatives, but is ultrastructurally unique. acinar cells, which are seromucous in nature, contain secretory granules that often contain a perfect "bull's eye" inclusion (or some variant of this configuration) suspended in a dense matrix. the golgi apparatus in these cells has an unusual structu ... | 1991 | 2012308 |
| immune responses of two mastomys sibling species to yersinia pestis. | this study assessed the in vitro cell-mediated immune responses of mastomys natalensis, with a diploid chromosome number of 2n = 32, and mastomys coucha, with a diploid chromosome number of 2n = 36, to yersinia pestis. splenic mononuclear (mn) cells of uninfected m. natalensis proliferated in response to crude fraction 1 of y. pestis and two subfractions derived from fraction 1 in vitro. proliferation was dose dependent and followed the time kinetics of other well-known mitogens. further charact ... | 1991 | 2037358 |
| ultrastructure of the sublingual gland in the african multimammate rodent. | the sublingual gland of praomys natalensis, an african rodent that is phenotypically and cytogenetically intermediate to mice and rats, is a mixed gland, consisting of mucous acini that are capped by serous demilunes, of intercalated ducts, and of some short striated ducts that quickly become excretory ducts. the mucous cells are typical in appearance, with lucent granules that contain an assortment of scattered vermiform or particulate densities. the serous cells display an array of secretory g ... | 1991 | 2048752 |
| receptors for gastrin on gastric carcinoid tumor membrane of mastomys natalensis. | specific binding sites for human gastrin i (gastrin) were identified in a crude membrane preparation from the gastric carcinoid tumor of mastomys (praomys) natalensis. the binding of 125i-gastrin to the carcinoid tumor membrane was saturable, and scatchard analysis of the data revealed a single class of binding site with a dissociation constant of 139.2 pm and a maximal binding capacity of 23.5 fmol/mg protein. gastrin and cck8 equipotently and dose-dependently displaced the binding of 125i-gast ... | 1991 | 2049096 |
| antifilarial activities of benzazole derivatives. 3. effects of benzothiazoles on third stage larvae and preadult worms of acanthocheilonema viteae, brugia malayi and b. pahangi in mastomys natalensis. | ten structurally defined benzothiazoles (5-methyl and the analogous 5-methoxy derivatives) with known macrofilaricidal and microfilaricidal activities were tested for efficacy against third stage larvae and preadult worms in acanthocheilonema viteae, brugia malayi, and b. pahangi infected mastomys natalensis. drugs were administered in single oral doses of maximally 100 mg/kg. the benzothiazoles were active against the two stages of the three species. generally the 5-methoxy derivatives displaye ... | 1990 | 2075385 |
| absence of papillomavirus in skin tumors induced in sencar mice by a two-stage carcinogenesis protocol. | sencar mice are unusually sensitive to induction of papillomas and squamous cell carcinomas by initiation with 7,12-dimethylbenzanthracene (dmba) and promotion by 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (tpa). tumors induced by this protocol were tested for the presence of papillomavirus by immunohistochemistry, southern blot, reverse southern blot and dot blot hybridization techniques. papillomavirus antigens were not detected in any of 235 tumors or 142 non-tumor-bearing skin samples analyzed. so ... | 1990 | 2154340 |
| evaluation of hepatoprotective activity of picroliv (from picrorhiza kurroa) in mastomys natalensis infected with plasmodium berghei. | administration of picroliv, a standardized fraction of alcoholic extent of picrorhiza kurroa (3-12 mg/kg/day for two weeks) simultaneously with p. berghei infection showed significant protection against hepatic damage in mastomys natalensis. the increased levels of serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (got), glutamate pyruvate transaminase (gpt), alkaline phosphatase, lipoprotein-x (lp-x) and bilirubin in the infected animals were marked reduced by different doses of picroliv. in the liver, ... | 1990 | 2189829 |
| igg response of rats to the excretory-secretory products of litomosoides carinii. | the nature of antibody responses to the excretory-secretory (es) products of adult worms and microfilariae (mf) of litomosoides carinii in albino rats and their possible role in protection have been studied. rats were immunized with es products derived from in vitro incubation of adults or mf. the sera from these rats promoted neutrophil-mediated killing of mf in vitro. the antibody responsible for the cytocidal activity was identified as igg isotype. indirect fluorescent antibody test showed th ... | 1990 | 2191288 |
| hepatic superoxide dismutase, catalase and lipid peroxidation products in mastomys natalensis infected with plasmodium berghei. | p. berghei infection in m. natalensis caused a significant reduction in the hepatic sod and catalase activities. cu-zn sod was more susceptible to infection than mn sod. the inhibition of enzyme activities was associated with marked increase in the levels of lipid peroxides, lipid hydroperoxides and conjugated dienes in infected m. natalensis. the alterations in the hepatic sod, catalase and lipid peroxides are related with the severity of infection. | 1990 | 2196223 |
| acute and chronic bacterial prostatitis due to e. coli. description of an animal model. | inoculation of escherichia coli (serotype o:6) into the bladder of male and female mastomys (praomys) natalensis produced severe prostatitis. in this rodent both male and female animals possess a well developed prostatic gland. the histologic and microbiologic course of the prostatic infection resembled strongly the human disease. acute bacterial prostatitis was followed by the development of chronic bacterial or nonbacterial prostatitis. the infection persisted in some animals for up to six mon ... | 1990 | 2204173 |
| susceptibility of mastomys natalensis to brugia malayi following pretreatment with antifilarials. | mastomys natalensis pretreated with diethylcarbamazine (dec), levamisole or centperazine were exposed to the standard inoculum of infective larvae of brugia malayi. percentage 'take' of infection, duration of prepatent period, course of microfilaraemia and number of adult worms recovered were compared with those of untreated infected mastomys (control). dec and centperazine did not alter the 'take' (dec/centperazine: 100%; control: 88.24%) and the average prepatent period (dec: 105.44 days; cent ... | 1990 | 2227711 |
| antioxidant enzymes in acanthocheilonema viteae and effect of antifilarial agents. | adult worms of acanthocheilonema viteae were found to be susceptible to the reactive oxygen intermediates (roi) generated by the xanthine-xanthine oxidase (x-xo) system. the damage caused by this system was completely abolished by superoxide dismutase (sod) and catalase but not by mannitol. the results, therefore, suggest that superoxide anions (o2-) and hydrogen peroxide (h2o2) alone or in combination might be toxic to the filariid. a. viteae exhibited the presence of an active enzyme system to ... | 1990 | 2244937 |
| a comparative study of the infectivity of t.b. rhodesiense isolates from man to 3 species of small laboratory rodents. | to confirm an earlier observation, that some t.b. rhodesiense isolates from sleeping sickness cases had failed to infect normally susceptible wistar rats, blood samples, freshly drawn from 21 patently parasitaemic ss patients, were each inoculated simultaneously into 3 swiss t.o. white mice, 3 young wistar rats and 3 mastomys natalensis. with the sole exception of one mastomys, which failed to become infected, the 21 stocks infected all the inoculated rodents. levels and durations of parasitaemi ... | 1990 | 2279470 |
| [the dynamic activity of lymphocyte succinate dehydrogenase and its correlations in experimental malaria]. | succinic dehydrogenase (sdh) activity in peripheral blood lymphocytes has been studied in progressing experimental malaria on a p. yoelii model, the strain 265 by; the multinipple rats mastomys natalensis. cytochemical method employing n-nitrotetrazolium violet was used. comparative analysis of changes in sdg activity in peripheral blood lymphocytes and changes in the level of parasitemia has demonstrated that day 10 was a critical period when there was an evident inverse correlation between the ... | 1990 | 2290392 |
| immune response to acanthocheilonema viteae infection in multimammate rats (mastomys natalensis). | the multimammate rat mastomys natalensis, when infected with the filarial parasite acanthocheilonema viteae, develops amicrofilaraemia. worm recovery and the duration and intensity of microfilaraemia were analysed and related to the humoral and cellular immune responses of the host by using an antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (adcc) assay towards microfilariae (mf). mf were detected in the peripheral blood at 7 weeks post-infection (p.i.), reaching maximum levels by 20 weeks p.i., a ... | 1990 | 2318510 |
| intra-ocular transplantation of carcinoid tumours from mastomys and humans. | carcinoid tumours from man and mastomys (praomys) natalensis produce a variety of peptide hormones. the study of these peptide-secreting tumours has been difficult because of the small amount of tissue available and because of limitations with present cell culture systems. the aim of this study was to establish an experimental model where carcinoid tumours could be maintained and their hormone secretion studied. the intra-ocular transplantation technique was chosen for its simplicity and high ra ... | 1990 | 2358971 |
| effect of ivermectin on filariae of mastomys natalensis. | the efficacy of ivermectin (iv) was evaluated against four species of filariae, litomosoides carinii, acanthocheilonema viteae, brugia pahangi and brugia malayi in mastomys natalensis. animals with patent infections, induced with l3 larvae, by intravenous (iv) infusion of the respective microfilariae (mf) (5 x 10(4) mf per animal) or by intraperitoneal (ip) route (2 x 10(4) mf per animal) were used in this study. a single dose of iv (100 micrograms.kg-1) given subcutaneously (sc) to mastomys inf ... | 1990 | 2381895 |
| mastomys natalensis or mastomys coucha. correct species designation in animal experiments. | haemoglobin electrophoresis and chromosome analysis indicate that the widely used multimammate rat (chamois coloured) as experimental animal belongs to the species mastomys coucha (smith, 1836) and not, as commonly assumed, to mastomys natalensis (smith, 1834). | 1990 | 2382103 |
| immunoprophylaxis against filarial parasite, dipetalonema viteae in multimammate rat mastomys natalensis: immunisation with adult worm antigens. | | 1990 | 2401531 |
| brugia malayi microfilariae share epitopes with aedes aegypti. | shared antigens between brugia malayi and aedes aegypti were studied. the experiments carried out with sera from infected mastomys natalensis indicated that an immunological response against a. aegypti antigens (mr 185, 35, 32 kda) appeared often when animals became microfilaraemic and increased progressively in intensity during the time-course of infection. sera of animals immunized with b. malayi reacted with the crude extract of mosquitoes and conversely, antibodies from animals immunized wit ... | 1988 | 2462205 |
| viremia and antibody response of small african and laboratory animals to crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus infection. | eleven species of small african wild mammals, laboratory rabbits, guinea pigs, and syrian hamsters were infected with crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf) virus. low-titered viremia followed by development of antibody was observed in scrub hares (lepus saxatilis), cape ground squirrels (xerus inauris), red veld rats (aethomys chrysophilus), white tailed rats (mystromys albicaudatus), bushveld gerbils (tatera leucogaster), striped mice (rhabdomys pumilio), and guinea pigs. the maximum viremic t ... | 1989 | 2499205 |
| adenocarcinoma and carcinoid developing spontaneously in the stomach of mutant strains of mastomys natalensis. | neoplastic and nonneoplastic lesions developing spontaneously in antral and fundic mucosae of stomachs of mutant chamois-coloured z (130 animals) and y (67 animals) strains of mastomys aged 18 to 24 months were examined histologically and histochemically. the z strain developed both antral lesions (hyperplasia 29.2%; dysplasia 23.8%; adenocarcinoma 17.7%) and fundic carcinoid(s) (72.3%). the antral lesions were limited to the lesser curvature near the pyloric ring. macroscopically, adenocarcinom ... | 1989 | 2512742 |
| seasonal patterns of rodents, fleas and plague status in the western usambara mountains, tanzania. | field and commensal rodents were live-trapped at three villages in an active focus of plague (yersinia pseudotuberculosis pestis) in lushoto district, western usambara mountains, tanga region, tanzania, from december 1983 to november 1984. their flea ectoparasites were collected, identified and counted. the rodent carcasses were serologically examined for specific plague antibodies and antigens, and bacteriologically examined for bipolar staining bacilli. a total of 1758 traps were set during th ... | 1989 | 2519642 |
| brugia malayi: status of host during different stages of infection. | the status of glycogen, protein, lipid components, lipid peroxides and a few enzymes of energy metabolism was studied in liver of mastomys natalensis during the development of brugia malayi infection. glycogen and lipid contents were decreased during the patent phase of infection while total protein was slightly altered in latent animals. phospholipid and triglyceride contents declined at prepatent and patent phase of infection. the levels of lactate and malate dehydrogenases, as well as of aden ... | 1989 | 2527791 |
| identification of papillomaviral dna sequences in hairless mouse tumours induced by ultraviolet irradiation. | papillomas, carcinomas in situ and squamous cell carcinomas were induced using ultraviolet irradiation in the hairless mouse strain mus musculus hra/skh. dna extracted from biopsies was examined using mastomys natalensis papillomaviral dna as a hybridization probe at reduced stringency. sequences homologous to the probe were detected in 16 of 24 papillomas, five of five carcinomas in situ and six of 38 squamous cell carcinomas. a number of tumour dnas (16/33) also hybridized with mixed dnas of h ... | 1989 | 2543760 |
| enhancement of u.v.-induced skin carcinogenesis in the hairless mouse by inoculation with cell-free extracts of skin tumours. | the presence of papillomaviral-like dna has been described in ultraviolet light-induced tumours in the skin of the hairless mouse (14). here we describe the effects of the inoculation of cell-free extracts of ultraviolet light-induced tumours into the scarified skin of normal hairless mice, prior to exposure of the mice to a cumulative carcinogenic dose of ultraviolet light. extracts from papillomas or squamous cell carcinomas enhanced the susceptibility of the inoculated mice to ultraviolet lig ... | 1989 | 2560465 |
| 2,2'-dicarbomethoxyamino-5,5'-dibenzimidazolyl ketone--a new antifilarial agent. | the activity of 2,2'-dicarbomethoxyamino-5,5'-dibenzimidazolyl ketone (ii, c.d.r.i. comp. 82/437) has been evaluated for its micro- and macro-filaricidal efficacy against litomosoides carinii in rodents. a dose of 3 mg/kg (i.p.) and 50 mg/kg (oral) x 5 days of comp. 82/437 was found to eliminate almost 100% of adult worms and microfilariae of l. carinii in cotton rat. it also killed 100% and 97% of adult worms and microfilariae of dipetalonema viteae and brugia malayi in mastomys natalensis resp ... | 1989 | 2575867 |
| in vitro drug sensitivity of trypanosoma gambiense isolates. | drug sensitivities of seven trypanosoma b. gambiense isolates from patients in the ivory coast were measured for mel b, suramin and lomidine using an in vitro incorporation test. bloodstream forms were isolated from mastomys natalensis, incubated in serial drug dilutions in a microtiter plate, after 24 h, radiolabeled hypoxanthine was added, and the plate incubated for another 15 h. trypanosomes were then harvested onto glass fiber filters with a cell harvester and incorporation of label was det ... | 1989 | 2575872 |
| xanthine oxidase, superoxide dismutase, catalase and lipid peroxidation in mastomys natalensis: effect of dipetalonema viteae infection. | status of xanthine oxidase, superoxide dismutase, catalase and lipid peroxidation, the enzymes metabolizing reactive oxygen intermediates in liver, lungs and spleen of m. natalensis during d. viteae infection was investigated. xanthine oxidase and lipid peroxidation exhibited stimulation, while superoxide dismutase and catalase showed depression in liver and spleen of the infected animals. the filarial infection therefore appears to create o2 toxicity in these tissues. lungs, on the other hand w ... | 1989 | 2633968 |
| ontogeny of ookinete of plasmodium berghei (nk 65): a scanning electron microscopic study. | the ontogeny of ookinete of plasmodium berghei (nk 65) was studied in vector anopheles stephensi fed on infected mastomys natalensis. the round zygote transformed into an ookinete after passing through following stages-1 gram-seed shaped zygote, 2 comma-shaped stage, 3 semilunar and 4 banana shaped ookinete. each fully formed ookinete had a 'conule' at the anterior end of the body. in some ookinetes under sem a depression was observed in the posterior half of the body. the function of the depres ... | 1989 | 2681394 |
| binding properties of diethylcarbamazine. | diethylcarbamazine (dec) reacted with liver cell plasma membrane of rodent hosts-cotton rat, albino rat and mastomys natalensis exhibiting the presence of both saturable and unsaturable components. the presence of lectins or sugar derivatives did not affect the binding significantly. the drug showed similar binding pattern with serum but the saturation was reached at a much lower concentration of the ligand. data obtained with a variety of macromolecules, particularly with the homopolymers of am ... | 1989 | 2695456 |
| hepatoprotective activity of silymarin against hepatic damage in mastomys natalensis infected with plasmodium berghei. | silymarin, a flavolignan from the seeds of silybum marianum, showed significant hepatoprotective activity in p. berghei-induced hepatic damage in m. natalensis, as assessed by changes in several serum and liver biochemical parameters. changes in lipoprotein-x, got, gpt, alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin were found to be protected by silymarin at different doses. maximum activity was observed at a dose of 5 mg/kg bw, po. silymarin had no effect on parasitaemia. | 1989 | 2697691 |