| [an experimental study of mixed tularemia and omsk hemorrhagic fever infection in muskrats]. | musk-rats were infected simultaneously and at three-day interval with tularemia and omsk hemorrhagic fever (ohf); the course of this mixed infection under the mentioned conditions were studied. virological, microbiological and morphological data indicated that infection of musk-rats with ohf and tularemia caused development of mixed infection in them. a more severe course of mixed infection was associated with enhanced vascular affections caused by the action of the ohf virus. an inhibition of t ... | 1975 | 175620 |
| the muskrat as an intermediate host of echinococcus multilocularis in montana. | | 1979 | 448595 |
| microsporidal encephalitis in muskrats. | microsporida similar morphologically to encephalitozoon cuniculi were found in granulomatous foci in the brain of 5 of 29 wild-caught muskrats (ondatra zibethica) held in captivity for various periods of time, but not in any of 36 free-living muskrats examined. the significance and possible source of this infection are discussed. | 1979 | 501846 |
| the amino acid sequence of hamster pancreatic ribonuclease. | the amino acid sequence of golden hamster pancreatic ribonuclease was determined by analysis of tryptic, chymotryptic, thermolytic, and cnbr peptides and by automatic sequence analysis of the intact protein. like all rnases with an asn-met-thr sequence at positions 34-36, hamster rnase is glycosylated at position 34 with a complex-type carbohydrated chain. val-17, ala-18, his-55, his-76 and ala-90 have never been observed in other pancreatic rnases. ala-90 replaces ser-90, which had been invaria ... | 1979 | 518928 |
| survey of q-fever agglutinins in birds and small rodents in northern california, 1975-76. | serum samples from 15 species of rodents and 33 species of birds were tested for agglutinins against coxiella burnetii by the microagglutination test. of 759 rodents tested, 21 (3%) were seropositive. antibody positive rodents included muskrats, ondatra zebethica, (11%), rattus spp. (10%), beechey ground squirrels, otospermophilus beecheyi, (6%), wood rats, neotoma fuscipes, (5%), and peromyscus spp. (2%). of 583 birds tested, 118 (20%) were seropositive. this included white crowned sparrows, zo ... | 1979 | 522220 |
| [parasitic fauna of the muskrat from the upper ob' pine forest]. | the gamasid mites laelaps multispinosus and hirstionyssus isabellinus, flea ceratophyllus (megabotris) rectangulatus, trematodes plagiorchis proximus, p. eutamiatis, p. obensis, p. multiglandularis, quinqueserialis quinqueserialis and opisthorchis felineus, cestodes aprostotandria macrocephala and alveococcus multilocularis, larvae, were found in 78 specimens of ondatra zibethica from water bodies of the upper ob pine forest. the mite l. multispinosus is reported as the most abundant ectoparasit ... | 1977 | 593723 |
| tyzzer's disease in muskrats: occurrence in free-living animals. | tyzzer's disease was diagnosed in four muskrats (ondatra zibethica) found dead over a 2 month period in a single feed-house in a saskatchewan marsh. no dead animals were found elsewhere in the marsh, although several hundred apparently healthy animals were trapped during this period. similarities in the pathology and epizootiology of tyzzer's and errington's diseases of muskrats support an hypothesis that these diseases are a single entity. | 1978 | 691125 |
| [first results of an investigation on trichinosis in wildlife in france (1976--1977) (author's transl)]. | 201 red foxes, 18 brown rats, 1 muskrat, 1 red squirrel, 1 wood mouse, 8 hares, 3 rabbits, 2 wild boars, 4 roe deers, 1 chamois, 3 reindeers (for farming) were examined by peptic digestion to detect trichinosis. eight foxes captured in the east and south-east of france were found infested by this parasite. | 1978 | 742806 |
| contribution to the pathology of strobilocercosis (strobilocercus fasciolaris) in the liver of man and some animals. | tissue reactions with liver strobilocercosis were studied in man, pheasant and muskrat on the basis of histological examination. microscopical changes in the liver induced by completely developed and still quite vital strobilocerci are very similar in all these hosts and in all cysts the parasite was enveloped by a fibrous capsule consisting of two layers. the development of regressive changes and the character of tissue reaction during the death of the parasite are discussed. strobilocercus fas ... | 1977 | 856684 |
| tyzzer's disease in wild-trapped muskrats in british columbia. | a diagnosis of tyzzer's disease (bacillus piliformis infection) was made in a group of recently-trapped muskrats (ondatra zibethica). the major lesions consisted of enteritis and focal necrosis of the liver, with organisms resembling b. piliformis in hepatocytes on the periphery of these foci. the outbreak was associated with recent capture, housing, and the use of sulfaquinoxaline-medicated feed. | 1977 | 864842 |
| experimental chlamydiosis in wild and domestic lagomorphs. | chlamydia psittaci (strain m56, the agent of epizootic chlamydiosis of muskrats and hares) was highly lethal for the snowshoe hare (lepus americans) following intravenous inoculation, whereas the agent was much less virulent for cottontail (sylvilagus floridanus) and albino domestic rabbits (oryctolagus cuniculus). tissue titres of strain m56 were generally higher after 96 hr in the snowshoe hare than in tissues of the other lagomorphs. spleen, liver and bone marrow were apparently the chief sit ... | 1976 | 933312 |
| [behavior and sociology of the muskrat (ondatra zibethicus l.)]. | this description of the behaviour of the muskrat is the result of observations made in open-air pens and during the rearing of young animals in direct contact with man. the approximately 100 muskrats observed came from southern lower saxony (population immigrated down the river elbe). as the same facilities of observation had been used to study brown rats, it was possible to compare the behaviour of both species which showed fundamental differences. | 1976 | 986736 |
| [comparative study in structure of myoglobins in semiaquatic animals: castor fiber, ondatra zibethica, lutra lutra]. | a degree of similarity in the structure of myoglobins in the semiaquatic animals (beaver, muskrat, otter) is shown by the finger-print method with the determination of amino acids content in peptides. it is established that about 2/3 of the acid sequence in the investigated myoglobins are invariable. an assumption is advanced that these regions of the structure are of most importance in the functional respect. | 1975 | 1216340 |
| selenium in fly ash. | selenium, at concentrations exceeding 200 parts per million (ppm) (dry weight), has been found in white sweet clover voluntarily growing on beds of fly ash in central new york state. guinea pigs fed such clover concentrated selenium in their tissues. the contents of the honey stomachs of bees foraging on this seleniferous clover contained negligible selenium. mature vegetables cultured on 10 percent (by weight) fly ash-amended soil absorbed up to 1 ppm of selenium. fly ashes from 21 states conta ... | 1976 | 1251212 |
| the primary structure of muskrat pancreatic ribonuclease. | pancreatic ribonuclease from muskrat (ondatra zibethica) was isolated and its amino acid sequence was determined from tryptic digests of the performic acid-oxidized and the reduced and aminoethylated enzyme. the peptides have been positioned in the sequence by homology with other ribonucleases. this could be done unambiguously for all peptides except arg-arg (tentative position 32-33) and ser-arg (tentative position 75-76). the amino acid sequences of the peptides were determined by the dansyl-e ... | 1976 | 1279085 |
| the ecology of tularaemia. | tularaemia, a zoonotic disease caused by the bacterium francisella tularensis mccoy, 1912, is reported from north america, europe and northern parts of asia, but not from the southern hemisphere. two subspecies of f. tularensis are recognised: the highly virulent type a and the milder type b, with additional subdivisions reported. tularaemia has been reported in more than 250 animal species including man, other mammals, birds, fish, amphibians, arthropods and protozoa. type a is reported to have ... | 1992 | 1305858 |
| muskrats as carriers of pathogenic leptospires in the netherlands. | leptospires were isolated from 24 of 327 (7%) muskrats (ondatra zibethicus) caught in the netherlands. all isolates were identified as leptospira interrogans. one isolate was typed as serovar copenhageni in the icterohaemorrhagiae serogroup, one as serovar lora in the australis serogroup. twenty-one isolates showed a close relationship with serovars grippotyphosa, valbuzzi, muelleri and ratnapura from the grippotyphosa serogroup. one isolate was lost. sera from 196 muskrats were examined by the ... | 1992 | 1315497 |
| [the systemic and regional hemodynamics of laboratory rats and wild muskrats during diving]. | 1-min forceful immersion in water increased mean arterial pressure by 24% in ondatra, decreased their heart rate by 71% and cardiac output by 36% respective figures in wistar rats were as follows: 19%, 62%, and 46% decrease. by the 50th sec of immersion cerebral blood flow increased 13-fold in ondatra and 6-fold in wistar rats. | 1992 | 1334880 |
| [comparative analysis of spatial organization of myoglobins. ii. secondary structure]. | an analysis of probability of distribution curves of alpha-helical sites and bends of polypeptide chains of myoglobins in half-water mammals (beaver, nutria, muskrat, otter) carried out in comparison with those of myoglobins of the horse and sperm whale (x-ray diffraction analysis has revealed their tertiary structure) has revealed a coincidence of the secondary structure sites end bends of the chain in the studied respiratory hemoproteins of muscles. despite a considerable number of amino acid ... | 1992 | 1413113 |
| inuvialuit food use and food preferences in aklavik, northwest territories, canada. | annual frequency of use of 32 species of mammals, fish, birds and plants was examined among 36 (43% of all) inuvialuit households in aklavik, nwt. degree of preference for each of 34 traditional and 12 store-bought foods was examined among 36 adults and 35 (83% of all) inuvialuit school children ages 10-16 years, using a likert-type scale. traditional foods were used on average 676 +/- 464 (mean +/- s.d.) times per year, the most frequent being caribou (145, mean), beluga whale (74), hares (35), ... | 1992 | 1463555 |
| giardiasis. | giardiasis is one of the most common pathogenic intestinal protozoal infections worldwide. giardia lamblia is the most frequently identified etiologic agent in outbreaks associated with the ingestion of surface water, often due to ineffective filtration or pretreatment. in addition to humans, other sources of infection include beavers, perhaps muskrats, and possibly domestic animals. a low infecting dose (10 to 25 cysts) is reported to be sufficient to produce human infection. clinical manifesta ... | 1992 | 1735095 |
| calcium uptake by mitochondria isolated from muskrat and guinea pig hearts. | subsarcolemmal and interfibrillar mitochondria were isolated from the hearts of the diving muskrat and non-diving guinea pig and direct and indirect measurements of calcium uptake were examined in vitro. the calcium-stimulated respiration rate and 45ca uptake were measured and found to be greater in muskrat than in guinea pig mitochondria. muskrat mitochondria were able to endure a greater external calcium concentration than guinea pig mitochondria before exhibiting indications of inner membrane ... | 1991 | 2061704 |
| myosin atpase activity of muskrat, guinea pig and rat hearts. | | 1990 | 2157790 |
| giardia sp.: comparison of electrophoretic karyotypes. | species in the genus giardia have been named on the basis of host specificity, cell dimensions, and median body morphology. despite these criteria, the species taxonomy of giardia is still in question. to investigate giardia taxonomy on a molecular level, giardia chromosomal dna was analyzed by orthogonal-field-alternation gel electrophoresis (ofage) and transverse alternating field electrophoresis (tafe). chromosomal dna of g. duodenalis isolates (human, muskrat, sheep, dog, beaver), g. muris ( ... | 1990 | 2226707 |
| comparison of respiration in rat, guinea pig and muskrat heart mitochondria. | 1. subsarcolemmal and interfibrillar mitochondria were isolated from the hearts of the diving muskrat and non-diving guinea pig and rat. respiration rates, respiratory control ratio (rcr) and phosphorous to oxygen (p:o) ratios determined. 2. there was no significant difference in these values among the three species or between mitochondrial populations. 3. mitochondrial yield as measured by citrate synthase of whole heart homogenates was greatest in the rat, intermediate in the muskrat and lowes ... | 1990 | 2253469 |
| susceptibility of wild mammals to infection with naegleria fowleri. | animals of 4 families of small wild mammals were live-trapped and inoculated intranasally with naegleria fowleri to determine patterns of susceptibility. of the 7 species of animals examined, only rodents were susceptible to n. fowleri. susceptible animals were eastern gray squirrel, hispid cotton rat, muskrat, and house mouse. mammals that were not susceptible at a dose of 10(6) were opossum, raccoon, and eastern cottontail rabbit. perhaps rodents and humans share a common anatomical or physiol ... | 1990 | 2254821 |
| ribonuclease in different chromosomal species of the mole rat, superspecies spalax ehrenbergi: concentration in the pancreas and primary structure. | ribonucleases are found in considerable quantities in the pancreas of a number of mammalian taxa and a few reptiles. the ribonuclease content varies greatly in different species. large quantities are found in ruminants and species that have a ruminant-like digestion and in a number of species with coecal digestion. this is a response to the necessity of digesting large amounts of rna derived from the microflora of the stomach of ruminants or species with ruminant-like digestion or of the coecum ... | 1990 | 2309013 |
| homovanillic acid, vanillylmandelic acid and 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid are undetectable in urine of the muskrat. | | 1985 | 2414020 |
| [effect of muskrat on the cardiovascular system in anesthetized dogs]. | muskrat and musk are secretions from the fragrant glands of male adult musk-rat (ondatra zibethica) and musk-deer respectively. in this paper, the pharmacological effects of muskrat and musk are studied. the result shows that a dose of 24 mg/kg iv of muskrat or musk can decrease the hr, map, lvp, lvdp/dt max and tpr in anesthetized dogs. but muskrat has an effect of reducing mho while musk has not. in addition, an injection of 120 mg/kg of muskrat or musk endures hypoxia in mice. but this functi ... | 1989 | 2505807 |
| genetic diversity of avian and mammalian chlamydia psittaci strains and relation to host origin. | genetic relationships were reported for chlamydia psittaci derived from psittacine birds, pigeons, turkeys, humans, cats, muskrats, cattle, and sheep and for c. trachomatis, including representative strains of the three biovars, through physical analysis of genomic dna including dna fingerprinting with restriction endonuclease sali, dna-dna hybridization in solution with s1 nuclease, and southern analysis with genomic dna probes. a total of 26 strains were divided into four groups of c. psittaci ... | 1989 | 2565333 |
| high-resolution electron microscopic evidence for the filamentous structure of the cyst wall in giardia muris and giardia duodenalis. | high-resolution morphological studies of the cyst wall of giardia spp. were performed using low-voltage scanning electron microscopy (lvsem) and transmission electron microscopy (tem). the cyst wall was composed of membranous and filamentous layers. the membranous layer consisted of an inner and an outer cyst membrane separated by a thin layer of cytoplasm. the filamentous layer contained individual filaments that ranged from 7 to 20 nm in diameter when measured by lvsem, formed a dense meshwork ... | 1989 | 2795382 |
| the density of beta-adrenoreceptors in cardiac muscle membranes of muskrats and guinea pigs. | 1. cardiac membranes were prepared and then incubated with a range of concentrations of the beta-adrenergic ligand, dihydroalprenolol. specific binding to the receptor was measured and receptor density and binding affinities were determined. 2. the receptor density was about 40% greater in the guinea pig heart than in the muskrat heart. the reduced beta-receptor density in the muskrat heart helps explain the previous findings of a lesser pumping ability and decreased responsiveness to isoprotere ... | 1988 | 2850964 |
| glucose oxidation and oxygen consumption of isolated guinea pig and muskrat hearts. | glucose in krebs-henseleit buffer was presented to isolated langendorff perfused muskrat and guinea pig hearts that were paced at 240 beats/min. glucose uptake (amount removed from the perfusion fluid) was 3 times greater in the muskrat hearts than in the guinea pig heart. glucose oxidation (amount converted to co2) and oxygen consumption did not differ in the hearts of the two species. when glucose is the only exogenous substrate, isolated muskrat hearts extract more glucose than guinea pig hea ... | 1987 | 2881679 |
| [comparative studies on the pharmacological activities of muskrat and musk]. | | 1988 | 3058347 |
| cross-species transmission of giardia spp.: inoculation of beavers and muskrats with cysts of human, beaver, mouse, and muskrat origin. | giardia cysts isolated from humans, beavers, mice, and muskrats were tested in cross-species transmission experiments for their ability to infect either beavers or muskrats. giardia cysts, derived from multiple symptomatic human donors and used for inoculation of beavers or muskrats, were shown to be viable by incorporation of fluorogenic dyes, excystation, and their ability to produce infections in the mongolian gerbil model. inoculation of beavers with 5 x 10(5) giardia lamblia cysts resulted ... | 1988 | 3063208 |
| corrections in the names of rodent coccidia (apicomplexa, coccidiasina). | the following new taxonomic combinations are introduced for coccidia whose names were previously given erroneously: dorisa bengalensis (bandyopadhyay & ray, 1982) n. comb. from the indian palm squirrel funambulus pennanti in india; eimeria sicistae from the intestine of the birch mouse sicista tianschanica in the ussr; e. hydrochaeri carini, 1937 emend. from the capybara hydrochaerus hydrochaerus in south america; frenkelia sp. (doby, jeannes & rault 1965) from the brain of the water vole arvico ... | 1987 | 3123645 |
| ultrastructural evidence for the presence of bacteria, viral-like particles, and mycoplasma-like organisms associated with giardia spp. | giardia trophozoites and cysts, isolated from mammalian and avian hosts, were examined by transmission electron microscopy (tem), scanning electron microscopy (sem), and by fluorescent light microscopy for the presence of microbial symbionts. mycoplasma-like organisms were observed on the surfaces of trophozoites isolated from the prairie vole, laboratory rat, and beaver. intracellular bacteria were observed by tem in the trophozoites and cysts of g. microti and by fluorescence microscopy in tro ... | 1988 | 3284999 |
| experimental infection of the squirrel (sciurus vulgaris) and the muskrat (ondatra zibethica) with tahyna virus (california group, bunyaviridae). | two squirrels aged 16 weeks and three muskrats aged 24 weeks were subcutaneously infected with a dose of 400 smicld50 of the extraneurally passaged "236" strain of tahyna virus. viremia was detected in one squirrel (48 and 96 hours post infection) and in two muskrats (24 and 48 hours p.i.). seroconversion was demonstrated by plaque-reduction neutralization test (prnt) 21 days p.i. in all animals. | 1987 | 3297950 |
| presence of giardia spp. and absence of salmonella spp. in new jersey muskrats (ondatra zibethicus). | of 220 muskrat fecal specimens collected from 12 sites in southwestern new jersey, 154 (70%) were found to contain cysts of the protozoan parasite giardia spp. cysts from selected muskrat fecal specimens infected mongolian gerbils, but attempts to cultivate trophozoites removed from these gerbils were unsuccessful. salmonella spp. were not detected in any of the muskrat fecal specimens. | 1987 | 3310886 |
| immunochemical diversity of the major outer membrane protein of avian and mammalian chlamydia psittaci. | immunochemical properties of the major outer membrane protein (momp) of 16 strains of chlamydia psittaci isolated from psittacine birds, budgerigars, a pigeon, turkeys, humans, cats, a muskrat, sheep, and cattle and a strain of c. trachomatis, l2/434/bu, were compared by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and by immunoblotting analysis with hyperimmunized rabbit antisera to strains of parrot, turkey, feline, and bovine origin. the momps of the strains showed variation in m ... | 1988 | 3366861 |
| isolation of members of the haemophilus-pasteurella-actinobacillus group from feral rodents. | 46 feral rodents, including a common vole (microtus arvalis), house mice (mus musculus), muskrats (ondatra zibetica), house rats (rattus rattus) and brown rats (r. norvegicus) were examined for bacteria of the haemophilus-pasteurella-actinobacillus group. haemophilus spp. (only m. musculus examined) were not obtained. all animal species were found contaminated by p. pneumotropica and/or actinobacillus spp. almost all m. musculus (96%) and most rattus spp. (76%) were contaminated by p. pneumotrop ... | 1986 | 3512906 |
| [a new natural intermediate host of echinococcus multilocularis in france: the muskrat (ondatra zibethicus l.)]. | the musk rat is a natural intermediate host of echinococcus multilocularis in the territoire de belfort (east france). its role in a selvatic cycle is discussed. when hunted, it can transmit the parasite to man, through dog infection. | 1986 | 3545032 |
| the primary structure of the hemoglobin alpha-chain of the arctic ground squirrel. | the amino acid sequence of the alpha-chain from the arctic ground squirrel citellus parryii) is reported. the tryptic peptides prepared from the hemoglobin were isolated by reverse phase hplc and sequenced. data from the tryptic peptides were supported by that from cyanogen bromide peptides and acid cleavage peptides which were partially sequenced. comparison with other rodent alpha-chains shows 15 differences with mouse, 20 with rat, 25 with muskrat, 16 with mole rat, 33 with the guinea-pig and ... | 1987 | 3608432 |
| occurrence of campylobacter jejuni and giardia species in muskrat (ondatra zibethica). | a total of 189 muskrat fecal samples were surveyed for campylobacter and giardia species. campylobacter jejuni was recovered from 47.5% of these samples, and giardia species were detected in 82.5%. these findings indicate that muskrat may be of importance to the health both of humans and of domestic animals. | 1985 | 3896141 |
| agents of psittacosis-lymphogranuloma venereum group isolated from muskrats and snowshoe hares in saskatchewan. | agents lethal to chicken embryos and mice were isolated from the blood and spleen of 2 muskrats and 2 snowshoe hares which died during the cataclysmic die-off of 1961 in central saskatchewan. the 4 isolates are probably identical. one of them was identified as a member of the psittacosis-lymphogranuloma venereum (plv) group of organisms on the basis of morphological and tinctorial properties and on the possession of group specific antigens. application of the method of specificity differences pe ... | 1966 | 4226345 |
| the susceptibility of muskrats and snowshoe hares to experimental infection with a chlamydial agent. | muskrats (ondatra zibethicus) and snowshoe hares (lepus americanus) were exposed experimentally by various routes to a chlamydial agent (designated strain m56) originally isolated during a die-off of muskrats and snowshoe hares which occurred in saskatchewan during 1961. both species were susceptible to experimental infection. whereas m56 was highly lethal for snowshoe hares (18 deaths/19 exposed), it was less virulent for muskrats (6 deaths/20 exposed). the degree of susceptibility of muskrats ... | 1970 | 4246008 |
| dracunculus insignis (leidy, 1858) and larval eustrongylides sp. in a muskrat from ontario, canada. | | 1972 | 4261033 |
| properties of a chlamydia psittaci isolated from muskrats and snowshoe hares in canada. | | 1971 | 4328689 |
| [experimental mixed infection in muskrats (omsk hemorrhagic fever and tularemia)]. | | 1974 | 4613000 |
| klebsiella infection in muskrats. | | 1973 | 4742083 |
| tularemia epidemia: vermont, 1968. forty-seven cases linked to contact with muskrats. | | 1969 | 4891088 |
| leptospira interrogans serotypes ballum and grippotyphosa isolated from the muskrat. | | 1972 | 5007902 |
| tyzzer's disease in muskrats. | | 1971 | 5163737 |
| yersinia philomiragia sp. n., a new member of the pasteurella group of bacteria, naturally pathogenic for the muskrat (ondatra zibethica). | a bacterium experimentally pathogenic for muskrats (ondatra zibethica), white mice, mountain voles (microtus montanus), and deer mice (peromyscus maniculatus) was isolated from the tissues of a sick muskrat captured on the bear river migratory bird refuge (brigham city, utah) and from four surface water samples collected within 15 miles of that point. in culture, the cells are chiefly coccoid, but in the tissues of muskrats and voles they resemble the bizarre forms of yersinia pestis, except for ... | 1969 | 5361214 |
| [composition of muskrat and guineda-pig milk]. | | 1969 | 5396701 |
| [muskrats, ondatra (fiber zibethicus, linnaeus), carriers in france of various leptospirian serotypes: isolation of the 1st french strain related to the hebdomadis serogroup]. | | 1969 | 5409111 |
| +listeria carrier state in muskrats]. | | 1966 | 5990506 |
| muskrats and waterborne giardiasis. | | 1983 | 6133129 |
| [occurrence of natural tularemia foci in kamchatka]. | the focus of tularemia in the ust-kamchatsky region belongs probably to the flood-plain and swamp type with muskrats and tundra voles being the main carriers. in autumn 1980 for the first time three cultures were isolated in this region: 1 from a tundra vole and 2 from muskrats. the presence of antibodies to tularemia antigen in norway rats was revealed in the passive hemagglutination test. | 1983 | 6353814 |
| hydatigera taeniaeformis (batsch, 1786) as the cause of mass deaths of muskrats. | | 1984 | 6378736 |
| quantum differences in oral susceptibility of voles, microtus pennsylvanicus, to virulent francisella tularensis type b, in drinking water: implications to epidemiology. | shedding nephritis in voles with chronic tularemia is the probable source of frequent contamination of streams over wide areas of the northern hemisphere. however, voles inoculated parenterally with as few as one dex viable cells of francisella tularensis palaearctica succumb uniformly to acute tularemia, whereas voles, beavers, and muskrats often thrive in waters contaminated with the organism. nevertheless, water-borne epizootics do occur in these animals, and at these times streams are heavil ... | 1983 | 6381031 |
| distribution, prevalence and intensity of trichinella spiralis infection in furbearing mammals of pennsylvania. | tongues from 1,170 raccoons, 384 opossums, 201 muskrats, 168 foxes (red and grey), 51 skunks, and 17 mink from pennsylvania were examined for trichinella spiralis larvae by peptic digestion. the overall prevalence of t. spiralis infection was 3.2%, varying in the carnivores from 2.6% in raccoons to 15.1% in red foxes; no muskrats were infected. prevalence varied regionally, being higher west of the susquehanna river, where, in the ridge and valley province, it reached 9%. the larval densities va ... | 1984 | 6387078 |
| [digestive system parasites of the brown rat (rattus norvegicus) and the muskrat (ondatra zibethica) in belgium. health hazard for man and domestic animals]. | | 1982 | 6755703 |
| tularemia in canada with a focus on saskatchewan. | although rare among humans in canada, tularemia is often endemic in wildlife. the inhabitants of rural areas are especially likely to be exposed to the causative bacterium, francisella tularensis, through trapping or through the bites of arthropods. muskrats have replaced rabbits as the principal source of infection, as illustrated by a familial outbreak of oropharyngeal tularemia in saskatchewan. in humans the disease has six distinct forms and can be asymptomatic, but it generally comes to med ... | 1982 | 7046896 |
| "muskrat fever": two outbreaks of tularemia near montreal. | | 1982 | 7046897 |
| a hammondia-like coccidian with a mink-muskrat life cycle. | a tissue cyst-forming coccidian morphologically resembling the known species hammondia has a mink-muskrat life cycle. cysts are found in skeletal muscle of muskrats (ondatra zibetheca). mink (mustela vison) fed infected muskrat carcasses shed oocysts for 4 to 6 days after a prepatent period of 6 to 8 days. the oocysts, 99% of which are unsporulated in mink feces, measure 11.5 to 12 microns x 10 to 11 microns. sporulated oocysts have 2 sporocysts, each with 4 sporozoites. the present work was ins ... | 1982 | 7047765 |
| comparison of the response of muskrat, rabbit, and guinea pig heart muscle to hypoxia. | papillary muscles were removed from anesthetized muskrats and rabbits and mounted in a muscle chamber maintained at 29 degrees c. muscles were stimulated at a rate of 12/min and subjected to 30 min of hypoxia followed by 30 min of reoxygenation. peak tension in muskrats declined less than peak tension in rabbits during oxygen deprivation. during reoxygenation, peak tension in muskrats rapidly returned to control levels and then exceeded control, whereas peak tension in rabbits never recovered. t ... | 1982 | 7051862 |
| [a comparative analysis of the oxygen-binding and antioxidant properties of the blood of laboratory animals and the muskrat ondatra zibethica]. | close correlation of oxygen-binding properties of haemoglobin and the content of malonyl dialdehyde (mda) in animal blood plasma was shown. the higher the affinity of haemoglobin to o2, the lower mda level in the blood plasma. for the muskrat ondatra zibethica, representing diving animals, mda content is lower and catalase activity is higher compared with the laboratory rat. | 1995 | 7483923 |
| trigeminal projections to the peribrachial region in the muskrat. | the anterograde and retrograde transport of wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase was used to study the trigeminoperibrachial pathway in the muskrat after injections of tracer into either the medullary dorsal horn or the dorsolateral pons. after injections into the medullary dorsal horn, labeled fibers ascended into the ipsilateral dorsolateral pons via the spinal trigeminal tract, within the neuropil of the trigeminal sensory complex and within the reticular formation adjacent to the spi ... | 1994 | 7513388 |
| prevalence of antibodies to toxoplasma gondii in wild mammals of missouri and east central kansas: biologic and ecologic considerations of transmission. | sera from 273 wild mammals from missouri and kansas (usa), collected between december 1974 and december 1987, were tested for the presence of antibodies to toxoplasma gondii using the sabin-feldman dye test. sixty-five (24%) had antibodies at titers of > or = 1:8, including 38 (66%) of 58 carnivores, 14 (15%) of 94 omnivores, 13 (11%) of 117 herbivores, and none of four insectivores. the prevalence of antibodies in mice (mus musculus and peromyscus spp.) and rats (rattus norvegicus and sigmodon ... | 1995 | 7563419 |
| reclassification of 30 pasteurellaceae strains isolated from rodents. | thirty pasteurellaceae strains isolated from gerbil, guineapig, hamster, mouse, muskrat and rat were reinvestigated and reclassified after comparison with reference strains. strains originally described as pasteurella pneumotropica were reclassified as [pasteurella] pneumotropica heyl biotype (7), [p.] pneumotropica jawetz biotype (1), pasteurella dagmatis (1) or taxon 22 (2). strains previously reported as actinobacillus sp. were reclassified as [p.] pneumotropica biotype jawetz (3), p. dagmati ... | 1995 | 7564217 |
| seroepidemiologic study of three zoonoses (leptospirosis, q fever, and tularemia) among trappers in québec, canada. | this study was undertaken to evaluate the prevalence of antibodies against francisella tularensis, coxiella burnetii, and certain serovars of leptospira interrogans among trappers in québec, canada. muskrat trapping was identified as a risk factor for f. tularensis infection, whereas having a cat at home apparently protected trappers against infection by l. interrogans. high percentages of control sera were positive for antibodies against c. burnetii (15%) and l. interrogans (5%), most frequentl ... | 1995 | 7583933 |
| the effect of atp-sensitive potassium channel modulation on heart rate in isolated muskrat and guinea pig hearts. | muskrats (ondontra zibethicus) are common freshwater diving mammals exhibiting a bradycardia with both forced and voluntary diving. this bradycardia is mediated by vagal innervation; however, if hypoxia is present there may be local factors that also decrease heart rate. some of these local factors may include atp-sensitive potassium channel activation and extracellular accumulation of potassium ions, hydrogen ions and lactate. the purpose of this study was to investigate the role of these facto ... | 1994 | 7852900 |
| toxoplasma gondii in muskrat (ondatra zibethicus). | in 1983-1990, 256 muskrats (ondatra zibethicus) were examined at four sites near brno (south moravia, czech republic) for the presence of the protozoan parasite toxoplasma gondii. t. gondii infection was demonstrated in 47% of muskrats from one site with water heavily polluted with municipal wastes and 9% in muskrats from 3 sites with water slightly polluted with wastes, the difference being significant (chi 2 test, p < 0.001). | 1994 | 7863575 |
| effect of adenosine on heart rate in isolated muskrat and guinea pig hearts. | the purpose of this study was to compare the responses of isolated hearts of the diving muskrat with the nondividing guinea pig (gp) to determine the contribution of adenosine (ado) to the profound bradycardia that was seen in isolated muskrat hearts during exposure to hypoxia. muskrat hearts were more sensitive than gp hearts to the heart rate-lowering effects of exogenously applied ado or a stable ado analogue, (r)-n6-(phenylisopropyl)adenosine. the hearts of both species were unpaced, and the ... | 1993 | 8342647 |
| [occurrence of leptospira antibodies in the blood of game animals]. | the blood serum of game was examined for the presence of antibodies to leptospiras in 1987-1989. a total of 792 blood sera from animals belonging to 14 zoo-species were examined (tab. i). the blood serum of red deer (cervus elephus) was examined the most often within the group of animals, in 398 cases, i.e. 50.2%, followed by 165 blood sera of wild boar (sus scrofa), representing 20.8%, and by 136 blood sera of roedeer (capreolus capreolus), representing 18.6%. small numbers of blood sera of the ... | 1993 | 8488630 |
| food chain analysis of exposures and risks to wildlife at a metals-contaminated wetland. | a food chain analysis of risks to wetland receptors was performed in support of a baseline ecological risk assessment at the milltown reservoir sediments superfund site in montana. the study area consisted of over 450 acres of primarily palustrine wetland contaminated with metals from mining wastes transported from upstream sources (average of 465 mg/kg for cu in sediments, and 585 mg/kg in soils). the food chain analysis focused on several species of terrestrial and semiaquatic animals indigeno ... | 1996 | 8854965 |
| fatty acids in extremity tissues of finnish beavers (castor canadensis and castor fiber) and muskrats (ondatra zibethicus). | site-specific differences in fatty acid composition of adipose tissues from finnish beavers (castor canadensis and castor fiber) and muskrats (ondatra zibethicus) were studied by gas liquid chromatography. in the total lipids of heterothermic extremities the proportions of potentially endogenous (delta 9-desaturated) monoenoic fatty acids were 1.5-fold and those of the saturated fatty acids 0.5-fold the proportions of subcutaneous or inner depots. thus the role of delta 9-desaturation in the bio ... | 1996 | 8936044 |
| clinicopathological features and histopathology of experimental hepatic capillariasis in muskrats (ondatra zibethicus). | ten muskrats (ondatra zibethicus) each were infected with 17,000 eggs (long-term study) and eight muskrats each were infected with 8,000 eggs (short-term study) of capillaria hepatica (nematoda). food intake, body weight, and selected clinicopathological parameters were measured every 2 days for 28 days in the short-term study and every 14 days for 184 days in the long-term study. muskrats in the short-term study had moderate to severe necrotizing granulomatous hepatitis associated with mild ano ... | 1997 | 9027699 |
| toxoplasmosis in wild mammals from the czech republic. | the prevalence of toxoplasma gondii was determined in wild mammals in the czech republic from 1981 to 1990. the biological prevalence of t. gondii was < 1% in insectivores (n = 578), 12% in carnivores (n = 112), 1% in rodents except muskrats (ondatra zibethicus) (n = 5,163), 24% in muskrats (n = 437), 5% in lagomorphs (n = 293), 0% in ruminants (n = 456), and 2% in wild boars (sus scrofa) (n = 136). the seroprevalence (sabin-feldman dye test, titre > or = 1:4) of t. gondii was 15% in ruminants ( ... | 1997 | 9249693 |
| amebicidal activity of wild animal serum. | the sera of 16 species of wild animals representing 5 classes of vertebrates were assayed for amebicidal activity against species of naegleria. the greatest activity was observed for sera of bullfrogs, muskrats, and raccoons, all of which are animals associated with water. in contrast, the sera from animals such as toads, box turtles, sparrows, and squirrels exhibited minimal or no amebicidal activity. in general, pathogenic naegleria tended to be less susceptible than nonpathogenic naegleria to ... | 1997 | 9267424 |
| brief characterization of muskrat (ondatra zibethicus) immunoglobulin g (igg) separated from serum on protein a. | muskrat (ondatra zibethicus) immunoglobulin fraction was separated from whole serum by protein a sepharose chromatography. in serum electrophoresis, this fraction had a gamma motility; when electrophoresed on a polyacrylamide gel with sodium dodecyl sulfate it resolved into two protein bands of approximately 52 and 25 kilodaltons, respectively. these bands were consistent with molecular weights of known heavy and light chains of immunoglobulin g (igg) in other closely related species. furthermor ... | 1996 | 9359072 |
| [prevalence of echinococcus multilocularis and other metacestodes and cestodes in the muskrat (ondatra zibethicus link 1795) in lower saxony]. | aim of the study was to examine the prevalence and regional distribution of echinococcus multilocularis and other metacestodes and cestodes in muskrats in lower saxony, germany. a total of 991 muskrats with similar numbers from all districts of the country were examined between january and december 1995. e. multilocularis metacestodes were found in 4.1% of the muskrats in the liver and other organs of the abdominal cavity. the majority of the e. multilocularis positive animals came from the sout ... | 1997 | 9445787 |
| occupational risks of zoonotic infections in dutch forestry workers and muskrat catchers. | lyme borreliosis (lymeb), hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hemofrs), lymphocytic choriomeningitis (lymphocm), tick-borne encephalitis (tickbe), q fever (qfever), and weil's leptospirosis (lepto) are known to be occupational diseases for rural outdoor workers. we investigated the occupational infection risks for these diseases in greater detail. antibodies to these agents were assessed in 312 forestry workers and muskrat catchers, and in 356 matched office workers. three levels of occupatio ... | 1998 | 9556168 |
| the sequence of giardia small subunit rrna shows that voles and muskrats are parasitized by a unique species giardia microti. | the small subunit ribosomal rna (eukaryotic 16s rrna) gene from giardia trophozoites, isolated from 8 different prairie voles and 8 different muskrats, was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction. the 16s rdna was sequenced in its entirety for 2 prairie vole and 2 muskrat giardia. in addition, the 5' 500 nucleotides of the 16s rdna from giardia isolates from each of 6 voles and 6 muskrats were amplified and sequenced. the results show that giardia from voles and muskrats are very similar to e ... | 1998 | 9576501 |
| the muskrat (ondatra zibethicus) as a new reservoir for puumala-like hantavirus strains in europe. | we have used an indirect immunofluorescent assay (ifa) and reverse transcription-pcr (rt-pcr) to screen the sera and tissues of muskrats (ondatra zibethica) caught in the northwest of brandenburg and in the northeast of saxony-anhalt, germany, for hantavirus infection. kidney and/or lung tissue from 6 (3.1%, ci = 1.1-6.5%) out of 197 muskrats were found to be positive for genomic sequences of hantavirus by rt-pcr. we could also demonstrate that 14 (5%, ci = 2.9-8.7%) out of 266 muskrat's sera av ... | 1998 | 9870582 |
| emmonsiosis of wild rodents and insectivores in czechland. | adiaspores of the fungus emmonsia crescens were detected microscopically in the lung tissue of 13% of 10.081 small mammals belonging to 24 species examined in 14 areas of the czech republic between 1986 and 1997; 441/1.934 (23%) clethrionomys glareolus, 1/6 (17%) arvicola terrestris, 357/2.172 (16%) apodemus flavicollis, 220/1.981 (11%). a sylvaticus, 23/265 (9%) a. microps, 11/81 (14%) microtus subterraneus, 93/1.275 (7%) m. arvalis, 98/1.439 (7%) m. agrestis, 1/3 (33%) ondatra zibethicus, 1/1 ... | 1999 | 10231750 |
| sorbitol-fermenting bifidobacteria as indicators of diffuse human faecal pollution in estuarine watersheds. | sorbitol fermenting bifidobacteria were evaluated as indicators of non-point source human faecal pollution to three sub-estuaries with elevated faecal coliform densities. human-specific bifidobacteria correlated with identifiable human sanitary deficiencies in feeder streams to estuarine creeks in two of three watersheds examined, one rural and one moderately developed. sorbitol-fermenting bifidobacteria were recovered at densities ranging from 1 to 90 colony-forming-units 100 ml-1 in 11 of 258 ... | 1999 | 10583680 |
| molecular phylogeny of european muroid rodents based on complete cytochrome b sequences. | phylogenetic relationships among 18 species of mainly european muroid rodents that belong to three subfamilies were estimated using complete sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene. the inferred monophyly of the subfamilies murinae (mice and rats) and arvicolinae (voles, lemmings, and muskrats) is in agreement with previous studies. within the murinae, the morphology-based division of the genus apodemus into three subgenera is supported by these dna sequence data. the relationships amon ... | 2000 | 10877938 |
| trigemino-autonomic connections in the muskrat: the neural substrate for the diving response. | stimulation of the anterior ethmoidal nerve of the muskrat produces a cardiorespiratory depression similar to the diving response. this includes an apnea, a parasympathetic bradycardia, and a selective increase in sympathetic vascular tone. however, the brainstem circuitry that links the afferent stimulus to the efferent autonomic responses is unknown. we used the anterograde transneuronal transport of the herpes simplex virus (hsv-1), strain 129, after its injection into the anterior ethmoidal ... | 2000 | 10936223 |
| cryptosporidium parvum infection involving novel genotypes in wildlife from lower new york state. | cryptosporidium, an enteric parasite of humans and a wide range of other mammals, presents numerous challenges to the supply of safe drinking water. we performed a wildlife survey, focusing on white-tailed deer and small mammals, to assess whether they may serve as environmental sources of cryptosporidium. a pcr-based approach that permitted genetic characterization via sequence analysis was applied to wildlife fecal samples (n = 111) collected from september 1996 to july 1998 from three areas i ... | 2001 | 11229905 |
| microscopic evidence of adenoviral infection in a muskrat in illinois. | a wild muskrat (ondatra zibethicus) found moribund in illinois (usa) had minimal meningitis and pleuritis, probably of bacterial origin. there were large, basophilic, intranuclear inclusion bodies within scattered enterocytes. the inclusions were microscopically typical of those produced by adenoviruses, and ultrastructurally were intranuclear paracrystalline arrays of virus particles with characteristics of adenoviruses. the significance of the adenovirus infection in this muskrat is unknown. | 2001 | 11504243 |
| calcium transport mechanisms in muskrat and rat hearts. | mammalian hearts experience calcium overload during extreme and prolonged hypoxia and the calcium overload may lead to enzyme activation and cell death. several calcium transport systems were examined in muskrat hearts and compared to those found in rat hearts to determine if there is a species difference that might be related to the muskrats' superior ability to survive hypoxia. radiolabeled nitredendipine binding was determined in rat and muskrat hearts to estimate the density of voltage gated ... | 2001 | 11691613 |
| [activation of the antioxidant system as a factor in increasing the body resistance during combined adaptation]. | in semi-aquatic mammals (minks and muskrats) significant changes were found to occur in the leukocyte formula during adaptation to hypoxia, as compared with non-adapted rats and mice, although no increase in lipid peroxidation was found in any of their organs. this latter finding seems to be due to simultaneously enhanced activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase. in humans under professional stress, treatment with combined technology of adaptation: cold-and-hypoxic exposure, yields a posi ... | 2001 | 11767453 |
| [echinococcus multilocularis: the prevalence of the fox tapeworm with possible serious consequences for humans]. | the prevalence of the fox tapeworm in foxes (final host) and muskrats (one of the intermediate hosts) in the netherlands and europe has been discussed. the tapeworm was found in 9.4% of the investigated foxes from the province of groningen and in 0.2% of the muskrats from the same region. also in the province of limburg positive foxes were found, but no positive muskrats. possible ways of infection for humans are described together with methods for prevention. it is concluded that at this moment ... | 2002 | 12056263 |
| metabolic rate and thermal conductance of lemmings from high-arctic canada and siberia. | the arctic climate places high demands on the energy metabolism of its inhabitants. we measured resting (rmr) and basal metabolic rates (bmr), body temperatures, and dry and wet thermal conductances in summer morphs of the lemmings dicrostonyx groenlandicus and lemmus trimucronatus in arctic canada, and the bmr of d. torquatus, d. groenlandicus, l. sibiricus, l. bungei and l. trimucronatus in siberia. in contrast to previous studies the data were collected on animals that had spent only a limite ... | 2002 | 12122453 |
| description of paranoplocephala etholeni n. sp. (cestoda: anoplocephalidae) in the meadow vole microtus pennsylvanicus, with a synopsis of paranoplocephala s. l. in holarctic rodents. | paranoplocephala etholeni n. sp., parasitizing the meadow vole microtus pennsylvanicus in alaska and wisconsin, usa, is described. paranoplocephala etholeni is morphologically most closely related to the nearctic paranoplocephala ondatrae (rausch, 1948). available data suggest that p. etholeni is a host-specific, locally rare species that may have a wide but sporadic geographical distribution in north america. the finding of p. ondatrae-like cestodes in microtus spp. suggests that this poorly kn ... | 2002 | 12514944 |
| molecular characterization of microsporidia indicates that wild mammals harbor host-adapted enterocytozoon spp. as well as human-pathogenic enterocytozoon bieneusi. | over 13 months, 465 beavers, foxes, muskrats, otters, and raccoons were trapped in four counties in eastern maryland and examined by molecular methods for microsporidia. a two-step nested pcr protocol was developed to amplify a 392-bp fragment of the internal transcribed spacer region of the rrna gene of enterocytozoon spp., with the use of primers complementary to the conserved regions of published nucleotide sequences. fifty-nine pcr-positive samples were sequenced. multiple alignments of thes ... | 2003 | 12902234 |
| studies on errington's disease in muskrats. i. pathological changes. | | 1956 | 13302659 |
| studies on errington's disease in muskrats. ii. etiology. | | 1956 | 13302660 |