| melatonin induced changes in gonads; pelage and thermogenic characters in the white-footed mouse, peromyscus leucopus. | | 1976 | 5240 |
| daily torpor in peromyscus leucopus on an adequate diet. | | 1975 | 237662 |
| odontomas in peromyscus leucopus. | a colony of peromyscus leucopus was established 15 years ago from animals trapped in the deciduous forest at argonne national laboratory, argonne, illinois. a roentgenographic survey of the skeletons of 189 of these untreated animals dying during a 13-month period disclosed 48 odontogenic growths in 21 of the mice. these growths were diagnosed on histopathologic examination as complex odontomas, the incidence of which was higher in males than in females. in this relatively small sample, these be ... | 1979 | 287830 |
| effect of cold exposure on water requirements on three species of small mammals. | water turnover rate (wtr) was determined from tritiated water (3h2o) loss in the short-tailed shrew (blarina brevicauda), red-backed vole (clethrionomys gapperi), and white-footed mouse (peromyscus leucopus). when given ad libitum water at ta of 20 degrees, b. brevicauda, c. gapperi, and p. leucopus turned over 16.2, 13.8, and 6.2 ml/day, respectively; minimum wtr was 9.9, 7.8, and 3.5 ml/day, respectively. when they were given ad libitum water at 5 degrees c, wtr was 1.4 to 1.6 times higher tha ... | 1977 | 330486 |
| longevity, aging and comparative cellular and molecular biology of the house mouse, mus musculus, and the white-footed mouse, peromyscus leucopus. | | 1978 | 343832 |
| longevity, stability and dna repair. | the functional capacity of a cell, tissue, organ, or organism is dependent upon its ability to maintain the stability of its unit components. the higher the differentiated state of the system, the greater the amount of stability required to maintain that state as a function of time. stability can be achieved via either redundancy or repair. redundancy while easily achievable in biological systems is both costly and limited by thermodynamic considerations. repair, in its general sense, has no suc ... | 1979 | 374892 |
| effects of dietary dieldrin on behavior of white-footed mice (peromyscus leucopus) towards an avian predator. | | 1979 | 444716 |
| effects of some factors on the susceptibility of peromyscus leucopus to infestation by larvae of cuterebra fontinella (diptera: cuterebridae). | two levels of 3 factors, (1) host age, (2) host dietary state in regard to vitamin a, and (3) previous infestation history, were tested individually and in combinations for their effects on the susceptibility of peromyscus leucopus to infestation by larvae of the rodent bot fly, cuterebra fontinella. previous infestation was the only significant single factor. previously uninfested (pu) mice usually were more susceptible to infestation than previously infested (pi) mice. interactions of age and ... | 1979 | 448615 |
| acute toxicity and effects of sublethal dietary exposure of monosodium methanearsonate herbicide to peromyscus leucopus (rodentia: cricetidae). | | 1979 | 465771 |
| effect of sublethal dietary exposure of monosodium methanearsonate herbicide on the nest-building behavior of the white-footed mouse, peromyscus leucopus. | | 1979 | 497440 |
| intraerythrocytic parasites in rodent populations of connecticut: babesia and grahamella species. | a total of 612 peromyscus leucopus, 11 microtus pennsylvanicus, 21 clethrionomys gapperi, and 4 tamias striatus was collected in connecticut and examined for babesia and grahamella during 1976 and 1977. babesia antibodies were detected in sera of 9 p. leucopus collected from 4 sites. babesia parasites were not detected in the blood smears of captured rodents. subsequent splenectomy and subinoculation of blood from these rodents into susceptible animals failed to induce disease and no babesia was ... | 1979 | 512755 |
| estrous cycle regulation in the whitefooted mouse (peromyscus leucopus) with special reference to vaginal cast formation. | the estrous cycle of the whitefooted mouse (peromyscus leucopus) was consistent with those described for most small rodents and closely resembled that of the house mouse and the rat in timing. the presence of the male did not accelerate puberty nor induce cycle synchrony, but was critical in establishing cycle regularity. females isolated from influences of males never attained a pattern of concistent cycle length. development of the vaginal epithelium during estrus was excessive in both isolate ... | 1978 | 564988 |
| effects of gonadal steroids on agonistic behavior of female peromyscus leucopus. | | 1979 | 573236 |
| statistical analysis of urinary delta-aminolevulinic acid (alau) excretion in the white-footed mouse associated with lead smelting. | alau in white-footed mice trapped in the vicinity of a lead smelter has been measured to study the biological effect of lead smelting operations and the rate at which the alau level diminishes after removing animals from contaminated environments. the statistical method which has been developed for this purpose shows that the alau levels are initially higher among animals near the smelter and diminish to a common level after 5-6 weeks. the statistical method is generally applicable to a variety ... | 1978 | 722203 |
| erythema chronicum migrans and lyme arthritis: field study of ticks. | ticks were collected during 1977 in communities east of the connecticut river where there was a high incidence of erythema chronicum migrans and lyme arthritis and were compared with collections from a similar area 20 km west of the river where cases of the disease were rare. ixodes scapularis was much more abundant on the east side than on the west. immature i. scapularis were 13 times more abundant on white-footed mice (peromyscus leucopus), and adult i. scapularis 16 times more abundant on wh ... | 1978 | 727201 |
| the relationship between lipid and reproductive cycles of a subtropical population of peromyscus leucopus. | | 1978 | 750634 |
| patterns in twelve reproductive parameters for the white-footed mouse (peromyscus leucopus). | | 1978 | 750635 |
| human babesiosis: reservoir in infection on nantucket island. | examination of blood films from six species of rodents and lagomorphs on nantucket island disclosed infections with babesia microti in all of five microtus pennsylvanicus (field mice) and 31 of 39 peromyscus leucopus (white-footed or deer mice). six human cases of clinical babesiosis have recently been diagnosed on the island. | 1976 | 769166 |
| effects of a polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb) on sleeping times, plasma corticosteroids, and testicular activity of white-footed mice. | forty adult male white-footed mice (peromyscus leucopus) were divided into four equal groups and fed diets containing 0, 100, 200 or 400 p.p.m. of a polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb) for 2 weeks. pcb ingestion increased liver weights and reduced pentobarbital-induced sleeping times at all levels tested, indicating increased hepatic microsomal enzyme activity. plasma corticoid levels, seminal vesicle weights and testicular spermatozoa numbers were reduced at the 400 p.p.m. level. | 1975 | 811460 |
| cross-species fostering: effects on the olfactory preference of onychomys torridus and peromyscus leucopus. | | 1977 | 849226 |
| effects of parental environment on the prevalence of convulsive seizures in onychomys torridus. | male and female southern grasshopper mice (onychomys torridus) were reared in 1 of 3 different parental environments: (a) with the natural male and female parents; (b) with the female parent only; or (c) with foster parents of a closely related species, peromyscus leucopus. all mice were weaned at 25 days of age, then observed individually in an open field arena at 10-day intervals from 30 to 100 days of age. twenty-seven of 59 subjects (45.8%) that were reared by the natural parents exhibited c ... | 1977 | 873066 |
| influence of stimuli from populations of peromyscus leucopus on maturation of young. | | 1976 | 932570 |
| prevalence of cuterebrid parasitism among woodmice in virginia. | botfly infestation was analyzed in 1319 small mammals from varied habitats and elevations in upland virginia, 1972-1974. adult cuterebra fontinella were reared from bots infesting the woodmouse (peromyscus leucopus). of 651 woodmice, 199 (30.6%) were infested at least once. the season of bot infestation extended from may through november of all years, with peak prevalence (mean 42.2%) in august. infestation in woodmice was general over a 2000 km2 study area during peak months. significantly grea ... | 1976 | 933308 |
| reproduction during two annual cycles in a population of peromyscus leucopus noveboracensis. | | 1976 | 965848 |
| intraspecific aggression of peromyscus leucopus. | | 1976 | 986814 |
| human babesiosis on nantucket island: transmission by nymphal ixodes ticks. | in order to identify potential vectors of human babesiosis (babesia microli) in southern massachusetts, i attempted to transmit the infection via nymphal ticks of that species found to be most abundant on reservoir hosts (peromyscus leucopus) in nature. mice were collected at frequent intervals throughout a year in a known enzootic focus on nantucket island, and ticks were removed by hand. ticks of only two species were present; larvae and nymphs of ixodes scapularis were about 10 times as numer ... | 1976 | 1008124 |
| experimental infection of north american mammals with epidemic venezuelan encephalitis virus. | eighty-three wild mammals of ten species were inoculated with a first mouse passage level venezuelan encephalitis (ve) virus isolated from south texas in 1971 during the ve outbreak. rodents were highly susceptible to ve infection and circulated ve virus at levels ranging from 10(7.7) to 10(11.5) suckling mouse intracranial lethal doses per ml for 2 to 4 days. these levels of virus could easily infect vector mosquitoes. mortality was high in all species of rodents except sigmodon hispidus, adult ... | 1976 | 1008132 |
| relationships of the white-footed mouse, peromyscus leucopus, and its associated fleas (siphonaptera) in southwestern wisconsin. | | 1976 | 1011239 |
| elimination of 137-cs and 59-fe and its relationship to metabolic rates of wild small rodents. | elimination of 137-cs and 59-fe by three species of wild rodents was measured in laboratory and field experiments to determine whether excretion rates of these nuclides are influenced directly by general metabolic (co-2 production) rates. sigmodon hispidus and peromyscus leucopus were used in both field and laboratory experiments, and reithrodontomys humulis was investigated only in the laboratory. final-component biological half-lives (tb) of 59-fe for sigmodon averaged 108 days in winter, 144 ... | 1975 | 1133569 |
| copulatory behavior of white-footed mice (peromyscus leucopus). | | 1975 | 1141775 |
| some quantitative relationships of certain nidicolous acari and the white-footed mouse, peromyscus leucopus. | | 1975 | 1181437 |
| relationships of immature dermacentor variabilis (say) (acari: ixodidae) with the white-footed mouse, peromyscus leucopus, in southwestern wisconsin. | | 1975 | 1195285 |
| age-dependence of body weight and linear dimensions in adult mus and peromyscus. | head plus body length (hbl), tail length (tl) and body weight (bw) were measured on two species of small myomorph rodents, mus musculus and peromyscus leucopus, throughout adult life. both sexes of mus show about a 15 per cent increase of hbl and tl between 5 and 24 months of age, and a bw increase of about 47 per cent. there is no age-trend of hbl in either sex of peromyscus between 5 and 67 months of age, while tl increases about 7 per cent. in both species, cessation of skeletal growth is fol ... | 1976 | 1261874 |
| sequence of the tumor necrosis factor/cachectin (tnf) gene from peromyscus leucopus (family cricetidae). | | 1992 | 1348497 |
| correlations between serum corticosterone concentration and reproductive conditions in the white-footed mouse (peromyscus leucopus noveboracensis). | 1. adrenal size and activity in reproductively inhibited young born into laboratory populations of the white-footed mouse were examined. measurements were made of body weight, reproductive organ weight and adrenal weight. serum corticosterone was measured by radioimmunoassay. 2. data from reproductively inhibited animals were compared with corresponding values from reproductively capable animals of the same sex. the mean paired testis and seminal vesicle, or paired ovary and uterus, weights, wer ... | 1992 | 1359938 |
| comparison of polymerase chain reaction and culture for detection of borrelia burgdorferi in naturally infected peromyscus leucopus and experimentally infected c.b-17 scid/scid mice. | culture and the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) were compared for detection of borrelia burgdorferi infection in wild-caught peromyscus leucopus and experimentally inoculated c.b-17 scid/scid (severe combined immunodeficient) mice. pcr targeted highly conserved regions of the ospa gene and could detect one to five cultured organisms and 10 to 50 copies of molecularly cloned ospa dna. organs (kidney, spleen, and urinary bladder) and/or ear biopsy samples were obtained from 108 captured p. leucopu ... | 1992 | 1400962 |
| parasitic arthropods of sympatric meadow voles and white-footed mice at fort detrick, maryland. | twelve species of parasitic arthropods (one sucking louse, two fleas, one tick, and eight mites) were recovered from 51 meadow voles, microtus pennsylvanicus (ord); whereas nine species (one sucking louse, one bot, three fleas, one tick, and three mites) were collected from 48 white-footed mice, peromyscus leucopus (rafinesque), live-trapped on the grounds of fort detrick, frederick county, md., during 1990 and 1991. the most commonly collected arthropods from m. pennsylvanicus were the fur mite ... | 1992 | 1404254 |
| parents suppress reproduction and stimulate dispersal in opposite-sex juvenile white-footed mice. | juvenile dispersal is sex-biased in many mammals and birds: one sex often disperses more often or farther than the other. two hypotheses are generally presented for sex-biased dispersal. the first holds that juvenile dispersal reduces reproductive and/or resource competition between parents and same-sexed offspring. if so, presence of a parent on the natal home range should both promote dispersal of same-sex offspring and suppress reproduction of those that remain. the second is that juvenile di ... | 1992 | 1406952 |
| vegetation structure influences the burden of immature ixodes dammini on its main host, peromyscus leucopus. | to determine whether the relative abundance of immature ixodes dammini (the vector of lyme disease and human babesiosis) is related to habitat structure, we examined tick burdens on their main host, the white-footed mouse (peromyscus leucopus), in 4 structurally diverse sites on great island, massachusetts, usa. vegetation structure at each site was quantified with respect to 25 habitat variables. principal components analysis was used to reduce this set of habitat variables to seven new and ort ... | 1992 | 1437266 |
| cystitis induced by infection with the lyme disease spirochete, borrelia burgdorferi, in mice. | previous studies have demonstrated that the urinary bladder is a consistent source for isolating the lyme disease spirochete, borrelia burgdorferi, from both experimentally infected and naturally exposed rodents. we examined histopathologic changes in the urinary bladder of different types of rodents experimentally infected with lyme spirochetes, including balb/c mice (mus musculus), nude mice (m. musculus), white-footed mice (peromyscus leucopus), and grasshopper mice (onychomys leucogaster). a ... | 1992 | 1443051 |
| alkoxyresorufin metabolism in white-footed mice at relevant environmental concentrations of aroclor 1254. | recent investigations have detected polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb) body burdens in wild white-footed mice (peromyscus leucopus) captured at hazardous waste sites. insufficient information is currently available to interpret the toxicological significance of these body burdens. in an effort to provide this information, we investigated hepatic changes and pcb body burdens in white-footed mice following a 21-day dietary exposure to a pcb mixture, aroclor 1254. dietary concentrations tested were 0, ... | 1992 | 1459375 |
| distribution of the lyme disease vector, ixodes dammini (acari: ixodidae) and isolation of borrelia burgdorferi in ontario, canada. | ixodes dammini spielman, clifford, piesman & corwin was confirmed at long point, lake erie, ontario, on small mammals and white-tailed deer and by dragging for ticks. mean intensities of up to 16.2 larvae and 2.1 nymphs were found on peromyscus leucopus (rafinesque), with an overall prevalence of infestation up to 92%. adult i. dammini (101.6 +/- 77.63) (mean +/- sd) were found on 8 white-tailed deer, odocoileus virginianus (zimmerman). the seasonal pattern of recovery of ticks from hosts and th ... | 1992 | 1460617 |
| isolation of borrelia burgdorferi (spirochaetales: spirochaetaceae) from ixodes scapularis and dermacentor albipictus ticks (acari: ixodidae) in oklahoma. | borrelia burgdorferi was isolated from ixodes scapularis say and dermacentor albipictus packard that were removed as partially fed adults from white-tailed deer, odocoileus virginianus zimmermann, in oklahoma. isolation in media was accomplished only after homogenates of pooled field-collected ticks were inoculated into laboratory-reared peromyscus leucopus and reisolated from the urinary bladder into bsk ii media. both isolates were confirmed by western blot analysis and reactivity with monoclo ... | 1992 | 1495072 |
| new host of ixodes dentatus (acari: ixodidae), and first record in tennessee. | two specimens of ixodes dentatus marx were found in southwestern tennessee in shelby county during a 14-mo tick survey. this was the first record for this tick in tennessee. an adult female was found on a dry ice trap and one larva was found on a live-trapped peromyscus leucopus, the first time this tick has been reported from p. leucopus. this may be another combination of vector and host in the ecology and transmission of b. burgdorferi in the wild. | 1992 | 1495084 |
| third-year evaluation of host-targeted permethrin for the control of ixodes dammini (acari: ixodidae) in southeastern connecticut. | the impact of commercially available permethrin-treated cotton balls targeted at ixodes dammini spielman, clifford, piesman & corwin on white-footed mice, peromyscus leucopus, was evaluated for a third year at five residential sites in south-central connecticut. each site had been treated twice each year from 1989 through 1991 with sufficient product to treat 0.4 ha of mouse habitat, and results were compared with five untreated sites. there were no significant differences in the number of host- ... | 1992 | 1495085 |
| urinary proteins in four rodent species. | 1. mean urinary protein concentration levels are significantly higher in male peromyscus leucopus than females (98.4 and 72.4 mg/dl). 2. only females showed a significant correlation between weight and urinary protein concentration (r = 0.75 vs r = 0.03). 3. in intraspecific sexual electrophoretic comparisons of p. leucopus and p. maniculatus non-denatured urinary protein, four and two common bands were identified, respectively. males of both species showed an extra protein band. 4. four common ... | 1992 | 1499268 |
| borrelia burgdorferi infection in white-footed mice (peromyscus leucopus) in hemlock (tsuga canadensis) habitat in western pennsylvania. | white-footed mice (peromyscus leucopus) were captured and their tissues sampled from 27 sites in seven counties of western pennsylvania in 1990 for isolation and identification of borrelia burgdorferi. two hundred sixty mice were captured from which there were 27 isolations. significantly more mice were captured and significantly more isolations made from hemlock (tsuga canadensis) habitat than from deciduous species forest. hemlock habitat is sparse and focal but evidently increases winter surv ... | 1992 | 1512867 |
| intragenomic movement and concerted evolution of satellite dna in peromyscus: evidence from in situ hybridization. | four dna probes isolated from peromyscus leucopus were used to examine intra- and interspecific variation in the chromosomal location of satellite dna in the genus peromyscus. all four probes hybridized to the centromeric regions of all chromosomes in all species of peromyscus examined but did not hybridize to the majority of heterochromatic regions in closely related non-peromyscus species. one probe contains a nonsatellite repetitive sequence. the implications of these data to the evolution of ... | 1992 | 1582258 |
| cross-transmission studies with eimeria arizonensis-like oocysts (apicomplexa) in new world rodents of the genera baiomys, neotoma, onychomys, peromyscus, and reithrodontomys (muridae). | cross-transmission experiments were performed using oocysts of an eimeria arizonensis-like coccidian from peromyscus leucopus and peromyscus truei, an e. arizonensis-like coccidian from reithrodontomys fulvescens, eimeria baiomysis and eimeria taylori from baiomys taylori, eimeria albigulae from neotoma albigula, and eimeria onychomysis from onychomys spp., between representatives of the above host genera. the e. arizonensis-like coccidian from r. fulvescens infected reithrodontomys megalotis, r ... | 1992 | 1597781 |
| survival and reproduction in peromyscus leucopus in the laboratory: viable model for aging studies. | white-footed mice peromyscus leucopus reared in our laboratory from wild-caught parents lived at least to 5.5 years. once past weaning, over 80% of the mice lived at least until two years. females maintained a constant weight whereas the weight of males increased until four years and decreased thereafter. at four-years of age both sexes bred successfully with mates of the same age, but had lower success with younger mice. some males and females reproduced at five years of age. | 1992 | 1601572 |
| isolation of borrelia burgdorferi from peromyscus leucopus in oklahoma. | borrelia burgdorferi was isolated from a field-caught peromyscus leucopus from central oklahoma (usa). the strain was identified as b. burgdorferi by reaction with monoclonal antibody h5332 specific for the outer surface protein ospa of b. burgdorferi. this represents the first isolation of b. burgdorferi from a wild mouse outside of the normal range of the known vectors ixodes dammini and i. pacificus. | 1992 | 1602581 |
| antibodies to borrelia burgdorferi in rodents in the eastern and southern united states. | serologic studies were conducted to determine whether white-footed mice (peromyscus leucopus) and cotton mice (peromyscus gossypinus) contained serum antibodies to borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent of lyme borreliosis. enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays detected antibodies to this spirochete in 35.7 and 27.3% of 56 p. leucopus and 535 p. gossypinus serum samples, respectively, collected in connecticut, north carolina, south carolina, georgia, florida, alabama, and mississippi. antibody t ... | 1992 | 1624561 |
| studies on the biology of ixodes dammini in the upper midwest of the united states. | the seasonal activity pattern of ixodes dammini was monitored in south-central wisconsin in 1989 and 1990. immature tick activity and abundance were assessed by small mammal trapping (732 peromyscus leucopus examined) and supplemented with flagging. tick survival and molting times were evaluated by maintaining ticks in environmental chambers at field sites. results indicate the biology of i. dammini in the upper midwest is similar to that previously reported from the eastern united states. one n ... | 1992 | 1626896 |
| primary immune responses of selected small mammal species to heterologous erythrocytes. | 1. we surveyed the primary humoral immune responsiveness of six small mammal species (peromyscus leucopus, microtus pinetorum, perognathus hispidus, neotoma floridana, onychomys leucogaster, mus musculus) collected from wild populations in central oklahoma using sheep red blood cells (srbc) as the immunogen and a splenic plaque-forming cell (pfc) assay. 2. individuals within each wild species examined produced antibodies to a single intraperitoneal injection of srbc, however, considerable inters ... | 1991 | 1682088 |
| demonstration of a b-lymphocyte mitogen produced by the lyme disease pathogen, borrelia burgdorferi. | lyme disease refers to the multisymptomatic illness in humans which results from infection with the tick-borne spirochete borrelia burgdorferi. the white-footed mouse is the major reservoir for b. burgdorferi and, upon infection, certain inbred mice develop symptoms similar to those reported in human disease. sonicated preparations of washed spirochetes were found to have potent mitogenic activity when cultured with lymphocytes from naive c57bl/6, c3h/hej, or balb/c mice. the activity of the b. ... | 1992 | 1730476 |
| babesia microti, human babesiosis, and borrelia burgdorferi in connecticut. | babesia microti was isolated from a white-footed mouse (peromyscus leucopus) that was captured in southeastern connecticut in 1988, when the first human case of babesiosis acquired in connecticut was recognized. to date, 13 cases of babesiosis have been reported in connecticut, the largest number of human cases reported on the mainland united states. two of nine patients quiried remembered a prior tick bite. since babesia parasites are known to be vectored only by ticks, we surmise that 12 of th ... | 1991 | 1757548 |
| spatial and temporal dispersion of immature ixodes dammini on peromyscus leucopus in northwestern illinois. | infestation by immature ixodes dammini and infection by borrelia burgdorferi of the white-footed mouse peromyscus leucopus were studied in castle rock state park in northwestern illinois during june-october 1990. prevalence and intensity of infestation of larvae on mice were highest in august with a smaller peak in early june. the distribution of larvae on mice was highly aggregated during each of the sampling periods. aggregation appears to be the result of a series of nonrandom successful atta ... | 1991 | 1779300 |
| borrelia burgdorferi: another cause of foodborne illness? | borrelia burgdorferi was identified as the etiological agent of lyme disease in 1982. this gram-negative spirochete is classified in the order spirochaetales and the family spirochaetaceae. the pathogen is fastidious, microaerophilic, mesophilic and metabolises glucose through the embden-meyerhof pathway. a generation time of 11 to 12 h at 37 degrees c in barbour-stoenner-kelly medium has been reported. lyme disease, named after lyme in connecticut, is distributed globally. it is the most common ... | 1991 | 1790102 |
| absence of transplacental transmission of lyme disease spirochetes from reservoir mice (peromyscus leucopus) to their offspring. | lyme disease spirochetes (borrelia burgdorferi) are naturally maintained in an enzootic cycle mainly by vector ticks (ixodes dammini) infesting white-footed mice (peromyscus leucopus). suggestions that mice may become infected without exposure to ticks prompted a study to evaluate whether mice could transmit spirochetes transplacentally to their offspring. mice were live-captured in two massachusetts sites where lyme disease spirochetes are intensely enzootic. pregnant females were housed separa ... | 1991 | 1869842 |
| characteristics of a genetic polymorphism for reproductive photoresponsiveness in the white-footed mouse (peromyscus leucopus). | wild populations of peromyscus are often composed of individuals that vary greatly in their reproductive response to photoperiod. a population of white-footed mice (p. leucopus) from michigan (43 degrees n) was subjected to mass selection in the laboratory both for and against reproductive photoresponsiveness for four generations. the first generation of selection yielded one line of mice in which about 80% of the individuals were classified as reproductively photoresponsive (i.e., with undevelo ... | 1991 | 1873393 |
| sporocysts isolated from the southern copperhead (agkistrodon contortrix contortrix) produce sarcocystis montanaensis-like sarcocysts in prairie voles (microtus ochrogaster). | sporulated oocysts and free sporocysts of a sarcocystis sp. were isolated from the feces of a southern copperhead (agkistrodon contortrix contortrix) collected in arkansas (usa). twenty sporocysts measured 11.2 by 8.5 microns, lacked a stieda body, and had four sporozoites and a granular sporocyst residuum. sarcocysts similar to those of sarcocystis montanaensis were present in the tongues of prairie voles (microtus ochrogaster) inoculated orally with 800 sporocysts 128 days previously. sarcocys ... | 1991 | 1902524 |
| evaluation of host-targeted acaricide for reducing risk of lyme disease in southern new york state. | a 2-yr evaluation of a commercial product designed to reduce the risk of lyme disease by delivering permethrin-treated cotton to white-footed mice (peromyscus leucopus) was conducted at three sites in westchester county, n.y., an area where lyme disease is endemic. we examined the numbers of host-seeking nymphal ixodes dammini spielman, clifford, piesman & corwin, the numbers of larval i. dammini infesting mice, and the proportion of nymphs infected with borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent ... | 1991 | 1941916 |
| effectiveness of host-targeted permethrin in the control of ixodes dammini (acari: ixodidae) | tubes of commercially available permethrin-treated cotton balls were distributed twice each year in 1989 and 1990 at five sites in a lyme disease endemic area in connecticut. five additional sites were not treated. at each application, 48 tubes, sufficient to treat 0.4 ha, were dispersed at 10-m intervals through woodlands, around ornamental plantings, and along rockwalls. the cotton was collected by white-footed mice (peromyscus leucopus) from the majority of the tubes, which resulted in a decr ... | 1991 | 1941927 |
| effectiveness of selected granular acaricide formulations in suppressing populations of ixodes dammini (acari: ixodidae): short-term control of nymphs and larvae. | applications of selected granular acaricide formulations to the shrub layer of forested habitats during the peak activity periods of ixodes dammini spielman, clifford, piesman & corwin nymphs and larvae significantly reduced the abundance of these stages on peromyscus leucopus. the granules effectively penetrated growing vegetation and suppressed populations of subadult ticks questing in the leaf litter. the use of granular acaricide formulations provides the only documented method of control of ... | 1991 | 1941929 |
| borrelia burgdorferi in ticks (acari: ixodidae) from coastal virginia. | ixodid ticks removed from hosts and from vegetation during march-november 1987 at sites in coastal virginia and north carolina were examined for borrelia burgdorferi. b. burgdorferi was evident in nine (22%) ixodes cookei packard removed from rice rats (oryzomys palustris), a white-footed mouse (peromyscus leucopus), and raccoons (procyon lotor); four (6%) amblyomma americanum (l.) removed from raccoons; and two (3%) dermacentor variabilis (say) removed from a raccoon and a rice rat. b. burgdorf ... | 1991 | 1941936 |
| efficacy of a permethrin-based acaricide to reduce the abundance of ixodes dammini (acari: ixodidae). | permethrin-impregnated cotton was distributed to reduce abundance of immature ixodes dammini spielman, clifford, piesman & corwin feeding upon white-footed mice (peromyscus leucopus) and questing on vegetation at a private resort site (the crane reservation of the trustees of reservations in ipswich, mass.) located in coastal new england. this test constituted the first independent evaluation of the efficacy of this commercial product (damminix). over a 3-yr period, 2,000 applicator tubes contai ... | 1991 | 1941940 |
| apparent incompetence of dermacentor variabilis (acari: ixodidae) and fleas (insecta: siphonaptera) as vectors of borrelia burgdorferi in an ixodes dammini endemic area of ontario, canada. | from april to october 1990, white-footed mice, peromyscus leucopus (rafinesque), were examined for ectoparasites on long point, ontario, the only endemic area for ixodes dammini clifford, spielman, piesman & corwin and borrelia burgdorferi johnson, schmid, hyde, steigerwalt & brenner known in canada. larval and nymphal i. dammini and dermacentor variabilis (packard), and adult fleas orchopeas leucopus (baker), epitedia wenmanni (rothschild), and ctenophthalamus pseudagrytes baker were common on ... | 1991 | 1941949 |
| lyme borreliosis: a relapsing fever-like disease? | to determine by xenodiagnosis length and concentrations of spirochetemias produced by borrelia burgdorferi in white-footed mice (peromyscus leucopus), laboratory reared mice were inoculated with either spirochete-containing tick suspensions or bsk ii spirochete culture and were exposed for as long as three months to larval ixodes dammini. upon development to the nymphal stage, ticks were evaluated for spirochetal infections by direct immunofluorescence. all mice were found to circulate spirochet ... | 1991 | 1947807 |
| factors influencing the antigenic reactivity of borrelia burgdorferi, the lyme disease spirochete. | the immunologic reactivity of some antigens of low passage borrelia burgdorferi varied with the temperature at which it was cultivated in vitro, with long-term cultivation in vitro, and following passage in white-footed mice, peromyscus leucopus. the low passaged uncloned strain sh-2-82 had either more antigens or antigens which were more immunoreactive when grown at various temperatures from 28-39 degrees c. the influence of temperatures was less evident, however with a higher passage of the sa ... | 1991 | 1947819 |
| effects of acute cold exposure at night on pineal n-acetyltransferase activity and melatonin content in white-footed mice, peromyscus leucopus. | 1. pineal n-acetyltransferase (nat) activity in long-day white-footed mice (peromyscus leucopus) exposed to cold soon after onset of darkness was depressed relative to controls, whereas mice exposed to cold later at night had slightly elevated enzyme activity. 2. nat activity in short-day mice exposed to cold soon after lights off did not differ from controls. pineal melatonin in these mice, however, did not rise, as it did in controls. 3. these results suggest that acute cold exposure may modul ... | 1990 | 1970523 |
| small mammals as monitors of environmental contaminants. | the merit of using small mammals as monitors of environmental contaminants was assessed using data from the published literature. information was located on 35 species of small mammals from 7 families used to monitor heavy metals, radionuclides, and organic chemicals at mine sites, industrial areas, hazardous and radioactive waste disposal sites, and agricultural and forested land. to document foodchain transfer of chemicals, concentrations in soil, vegetation, and invertebrates, where available ... | 1991 | 1992495 |
| antibody to a 39-kilodalton borrelia burgdorferi antigen (p39) as a marker for infection in experimentally and naturally inoculated animals. | borrelia burgdorferi expresses a conserved, species-specific 39-kda protein (p39) that can stimulate antibodies during human infection. to confirm that anti-p39 antibodies are produced consistently in animals exposed to infectious spirochetes, white-footed mice, peromyscus leucopus, and laboratory white mice, mus musculus (strain balb/c), were experimentally inoculated with either infectious or noninfectious b. burgdorferi and the antibody response to p39 was determined by immunoblot at 21 days ... | 1991 | 2007630 |
| survey for ixodes spp. and borrelia burgdorferi in southeastern wisconsin and northeastern illinois. | forested areas adjacent to milwaukee, wis., and chicago, ill., were investigated for rodents and ticks infected with borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent of lyme disease. white-footed mice (peromyscus leucopus or peromyscus maniculatus), meadow voles (microtus pennsylvanicus), and eastern chipmunks (tamias striatus) were captured; and specimens from these animals were cultured for b. burgdorferi to define whether the midwestern lyme disease area currently encompasses these large metropolita ... | 1991 | 2007650 |
| parasitic and phoretic arthropods of sylvatic and commensal white-footed mice (peromyscus leucopus) in central tennessee, with notes on lyme disease. | sixteen species of parasitic or phoretic arthropods were collected from 56 white-footed mice, peromyscus leucopus, live-trapped in central tennessee from april through november 1987. arthropod infestation was compared for mice taken from sylvatic (woodland) versus commensal (household) habitats. three species were recorded from hosts in both habitats: the sucking louse hoplopleura hesperomydis, the flea epitedia wenmanni, and the laelapid mite androlaelaps casalis. twelve of the 13 remaining art ... | 1991 | 2010854 |
| differential detachment from resting hosts of replete larval and nymphal ixodes ticks. | to determine whether replete subadult ixodes ticks detach more frequently from resting than from active hosts, diverse rodents and lizards were caged in an apparatus designed to record the ticks' sites of detachment relative to the resting site of the host. replete larval ixodes ricinus and ixodes dammini accumulated mainly beneath the resting places of the mice (apodemus agrarius and peromyscus leucopus) most frequently parasitized in nature. although nymphal i. ricinus similarly detached where ... | 1991 | 2040945 |
| transmembrane domain length variation in the evolution of major histocompatibility complex class i genes. | the fifth exons of major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class i genes encode a transmembrane domain (tm) that is largely responsible for class i antigen cell-surface expression usually through conventional hydrophobic amino acid-membrane interactions or, less often, through phosphatidylinositol linkage. in this report we show that peromyscus leucopus, a cricetidae rodent, has mhc class i genes (pele-a genes) encoding three distinct sizes of tms. increases in tm lengths were due to tandem dupli ... | 1991 | 2052550 |
| genetic variation for seasonal adaptation in peromyscus leucopus: nonreciprocal breakdown in a population cross. | the genetic basis for adaptations to the diverse environments encountered by a wide-ranging species should be reflected in the phenotypes of hybrids between differentiated populations. we crossed mice from two ecologically different populations to determine whether adaptations to seasonality in peromyscus leucopus, the white-footed mouse, display directional dominance or whether they are affected by specific interactions between genes. connecticut mice (c) have many adaptations to seasonality th ... | 1991 | 2061592 |
| experimental infection of the white-footed mouse with borrelia burgdorferi. | laboratory raised white-footed mice (peromyscus leucopus) were inoculated experimentally with live spirochetes (borrelia burgdorferi), the etiologic agent of lyme disease (borreliosis). prior to inoculation, mouse sera were tested with an indirect fluorescent antibody test, and all mice were seronegative. all inoculated mice seroconverted. in tick transmission studies, immature stages of ixodes dammini and dermacentor variabilis attached and fed to repletion on mice, but only i dammini transferr ... | 1990 | 2085225 |
| the gonadotropin-releasing hormone neuronal system of the male djungarian hamster: distribution from the olfactory tubercle to the medial basal hypothalamus. | the neuroanatomical distribution and morphology of neurons that produce gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh) in the brain of the postpubertal male djungarian hamster was studied using light microscopic immunocytochemistry. analysis of every section from the rostral olfactory tubercle to the medial basal hypothalamus indicate 356 +/- 37 immunoreactive gnrh perikarya per brain (mean +/- se; n = 4 brains). over 90% of gnrh cell bodies were found in 6 brain regions; the largest number of somata wer ... | 1990 | 2106100 |
| an ecotoxicological study of a population of the white footed mouse (peromyscus leucopus) inhabiting a polychlorinated biphenyls-contaminated area. | white footed mice (peromyscus leucopus) inhabiting an area surrounding a pond (tyler) contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) and metals (cadmium, zinc, copper) had whole body burdens of 0.42-4.17 ppm pcbs (mean 2.3 ppm) and animals from a comparison nonpolluted site (wcc) had no detectable pcbs. males and females caught at the polluted site in the winter months were not significantly different in body weight or length when compared to wcc animals, but tyler animals had significantly ... | 1990 | 2108618 |
| consumption and mortality of the white-footed mouse (rodentia: muridae) and ord's kangaroo rat (rodentia: heteromyidae) when fed carbaryl-bran grasshopper (orthoptera) bait. | two species of wild rodents (ord's kangaroo rat, dipodomys ordii woodhouse, and the white-footed mouse, peromyscus leucopus rafinesque) were fed 0, 2, and 20% (ai) by weight concentrations of carbaryl-bran grasshopper bait in the laboratory to determine whether the bait would be consumed, the total quantity of bait consumed within a specified period, whether mortality would occur, and whether bait would be consumed if other foods were readily available. consumption tests showed that bait ingesti ... | 1990 | 2126269 |
| microgeographic distribution of immature ixodes dammini ticks correlated with that of deer. | in order to determine whether the small-scale distribution of immature ixodes dammini spielman et al. corresponds closely to the activity patterns of white-tailed deer, odocoileus virginianus (zimmerman), these relationships were examined in a site on long island, new york, u.s.a. we first determined the extent and temporal pattern of adult ticks feeding on deer by examining twenty-three resident deer tranquilized during september-december 1985. i. dammini adults infested deer throughout this fa ... | 1990 | 2132979 |
| melatonin receptors and signal transduction in melatonin-sensitive and melatonin-insensitive populations of white-footed mice (peromyscus leucopus). | the pineal hormone melatonin times seasonal alterations in reproductive function in photoperiodic mammals. in white-footed mice, there is variation in responsiveness to the reproductive effects of melatonin between populations originating in different locations; mice from connecticut (ct) respond normally to melatonin, while mice from georgia (ga) appear insensitive to melatonin. in the present paper, we compare melatonin receptor distribution and a second messenger response to melatonin in whit ... | 1990 | 2154292 |
| the effects of intermittent dietary restriction on weight gain and body fat in white-footed mice, peromyscus leucopus. | the effects of repeated food restriction-refeeding cycles were investigated in second generation captive peromyscus leucopus. mice were maintained on 50% of their individual predetermined ad lib diet for 5 days followed by 10 days of refeeding ad lib. cycles were repeated 3 times. when compared with controls maintained ad lib for the same time period, no significant differences in final weight or fat content were observed. restricted-refed mice were, however, observed to both lose and regain wei ... | 1990 | 2255723 |
| major histocompatibility complex class i genes of peromyscus leucopus. | class i genes of the peromyscus leucopus major histocompatibility complex (mhcpele) were examined by southern blot hybridization, genomic cloning, and dna sequencing. at least three distinct subtypes of pele class i genes were discerned, which we have designated pele-a, b, and c. the nucleotide sequences of exon 5-containing regions (encoding the transmembrane domain) suggested that pele-a genes are homologs of mouse h-2k, d, l, and q genes and that pele-b genes correspond to mouse tla genes. th ... | 1990 | 2272658 |
| inbreeding depression in insular and central populations of peromyscus mice. | we tested the hypothesis that small, isolated populations would show less depression in fitness when inbred than would large, central populations. laboratory stocks of peromyscus leucopus and p. polionotus were established from insular, peninsular, and central populations. the isolated populations had one-third to one-half the genic diversity of central populations. responses to inbreeding were highly varied: some populations had smaller litters, others experienced higher mortality, some showed ... | 1990 | 2273239 |
| borrelia burgdorferi and babesia microti: efficiency of transmission from reservoirs to vector ticks (ixodes dammini). | in endemic regions, peromyscus leucopus, the mouse reservoir of the lyme disease spirochete (borrelia burgdorferi) and the piroplasm causing human babesiosis (babesia microti), is nearly universally infected with both agents. paradoxically, spirochetal infection is nearly twice as prevalent as is babesial infection in populations of field-collected nymphal ixodes dammini, the tick vector. in the laboratory, a similarly disproportionate rate of infection was observed among nymphal ticks, feeding ... | 1990 | 2295326 |
| systemic disease in peromyscus leucopus associated with borrelia burgdorferi infection. | sixteen wild peromyscus leucopus, trapped for the establishment of a breeding colony, developed signs of neurological damage (trembling, incoordination, circling, head tilt, and lameness of the rear legs) 2-47 days after capture in southern wisconsin. spirochetes were cultured from the brain of 5/11 mice, and borrelia burgdorferi was cultured from 1 brain. a spirochete was isolated from the bladder of 1 mouse. the spirochete was identified by fluorescent antibody staining with the monoclonal ant ... | 1990 | 2316794 |
| new host and locality record for trypanosoma peromysci. | trypanosoma peromysci watson, 1912 (sarcomastigophora: kinetoplastida), is described from a new host and locality. one of 20 (5.0%) peromyscus leucopus collected from pottawatomie and riley counties in kansas was found to harbor the parasite. morphometric and statistical analysis confirmed the trypanosome to be indistinguishable from t. peromysci, the only difference being a greater mean flagellar length than reported previously. this is the first reported occurrence of t. peromysci in the white ... | 1990 | 2319433 |
| analysis of supercoiled circular plasmids in infectious and non-infectious borrelia burgdorferi. | linear plasmids are widely distributed in isolates of borrelia burgdorferi, but the prevalence of supercoiled circular (sc) plasmids has not been clearly established. enriching for sc plasmids on ethidium bromide density-gradients revealed that a low passage of strain sh-2-82 of b. burgdorferi has at least six sc plasmids (8.4, 8.8, 20, 26, 29 and 51 kb). in addition, several of the sc plasmids were observed by electron microscopy to form concatenated structures. because of the high incidence of ... | 1990 | 2348778 |
| intrinsic competence of three ixodid ticks (acari) as vectors of the lyme disease spirochete. | we compared the intrinsic vector competence of ixodes dammini spielman et al., dermacentor variabilis (say), and amblyomma americanum (l.) for the lyme disease spirochete (borrelia burgdorferi johnson et al.) on prudence island, rhode island, a lyme disease-endemic site where all three ticks occur together. natural and experimental spirochete infection rates were determined in those ticks and their degree of contact with white-footed mice (peromyscus leucopus), the principal reservoir host, was ... | 1990 | 2388239 |
| the role of medium-sized mammals as reservoirs of borrelia burgdorferi in southern new york. | the ability of raccoons (procyon lotor), striped skunks (mephitis mephitis) and opossums (didelphis virginiana) to serve as reservoirs of borrelia burgdorferi, the spirochetal agent of lyme disease, was compared with that of white-footed mice (peromyscus leucopus). twenty-eight (28) medium-sized mammals and 34 white-footed mice were captured in westchester county, new york (usa) in summer 1986. animals were caged over pans of water for 1 to 2 days to recover engorged tick larvae (ixodes dammini) ... | 1990 | 2388356 |
| comparative anatomy of the retino-hypothalamic tract in photoperiodic and non-photoperiodic rodents. | this study examined whether the nearly symmetrical input from each eye to each suprachiasmatic nucleus previously reported in syrian hamsters (mesocricetus auratus) is a universal feature of retino-hypothalamic projections in photoperiodic rodents. intraocular injections of horseradish peroxidase (hrp) were used to trace the retino-hypothalamic tract in three species of photoperiodic rodents, turkish hamster (mesocricetus brandti), deer mouse (peromyscus maniculatus bairdi) and white-footed mous ... | 1986 | 2430681 |
| molecular characterization of sylvatic isolates of trichinella spiralis. | genetic relationships of 20 trichinella isolates from indiana wildlife were assessed and compared to trichinella isolated from an infected swine herd. trichinella larvae were isolated from coyotes, mink, raccoons, and red foxes. the larvae were maintained and amplified in white mice (icr) and wild mice (peromyscus leucopus). differences in phenotypic characters of sylvatic isolates in the 2 laboratory hosts included an approximately 10-30-fold increase in parasite fecundity in wild mice. dna for ... | 1989 | 2542508 |
| polymorphism in the major histocompatibility complex class ii genes of peromyscus leucopus. | | 1989 | 2570749 |
| geographic differences for delay of sexual maturation in peromyscus leucopus: effects of photoperiod, pinealectomy, and melatonin. | effects of short-day photoperiod, pinealectomy, and melatonin on sexual maturation were tested in peromyscus leucopus from either connecticut (ct) or georgia (ga). laboratory reared-stocks from ct and ga were exposed to short daylength (photoperiod) from birth or 25 days of age. at 12 wk of age, delay in sexual maturation was indicated in most ct mice by decreased testis length, combined testes weight, and seminal vesicle weight. conversely, ga animals did not delay sexual maturation when expose ... | 1989 | 2624861 |
| efficacy of the urinary bladder for isolation of borrelia burgdorferi from naturally infected, wild peromyscus leucopus. | the efficacy of culturing urinary bladder tissue for borrelia burgdorferi from naturally infected, wild peromyscus leucopus mice was determined. the urinary bladder cultures were as efficient as spleen, kidney, and blood tissue cultures. the rapid b. burgdorferi isolation (mean, 6 days) from mouse urinary bladders should aid in defining new lyme disease foci. | 1989 | 2656749 |
| ecology of lyme disease. | borrelia burgdorferi is transmitted from wild animals to humans by the bite of ixodes dammini. this tick is common in many areas of southern connecticut where it parasitizes three different host animals during its two-year life cycle. larval and nymphal ticks have parasitized 31 different species of mammals and 49 species of birds. white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) appear to be crucial hosts for adult ticks. all three feeding stages of the tick parasitize humans, though most infections ... | 1989 | 2667888 |
| white-footed mice: tick burdens and role in the epizootiology of potomac horse fever in maryland. | one hundred ten white-footed mice (peromyscus leucopus) were captured on horse farms in south-central maryland, examined for ticks, and tested for specific antibodies to ehrlichia risticii, the causative agent of potomac horse fever. peromyscus leucopus were consistently infested with immature american dog ticks (dermacentor variabilis), with monthly prevalences as high as 80%. sera from all 97 p. leucopus tested for antibodies to e. risticii were negative. this indicates that p. leucopus is not ... | 1989 | 2668569 |
| differential distribution of immature ixodes dammini (acari: ixodidae) on rodent hosts. | ectoparasites such as ixodid ticks that remain attached to hosts for several days while feeding on blood are able to overcome the inflammatory and immune responses of some hosts and not others. the immature stages of the deer tick ixodes dammini are found more frequently on the white-footed mouse, peromyscus leucopus, than on other rodents. we propose that p. leucopus is more tolerant to i. dammini than is a less common host, the meadow vole, microtus pennsylvanicus. to test this hypothesis, the ... | 1989 | 2693676 |