| rinderpest epidemic in wild ruminants in kenya 1993-97. | a severe epidemic of rinderpest, affecting mainly wild ruminants, occurred between 1993 and 1997 in east africa. buffalo (syncerus caffer), eland (taurotragus oryx) and lesser kudu (tragelaphus imberbis) were highly susceptible. the histopathological changes, notably individual epithelial cell necrosis with syncytia formation, were consistent with an infection with an epitheliotrophic virus. serology, the polymerase chain reaction, and virus isolation confirmed the diagnosis and provided epidemi ... | 1999 | 10579537 |
| neospora caninum infection associated with stillbirths in captive antelopes (tragelaphus imberbis). | neosporosis was diagnosed in full-term stillborn twin calves of captive antelopes (tragelaphus imberbis) in a german zoo. in both calves a multifocal non-suppurative encephalitis was present and infection with neospora (n.) caninum was confirmed by foetal serology and pcr. n. caninum-dna was detected in brain, heart, lung, liver and spleen of a third full-term stillborn calf. histopathological lesions were absent in this calf and antibodies against n. caninum were not detected in pleural fluid. ... | 2001 | 11358631 |
| tuberculosis in tanzanian wildlife. | bovine tuberculosis, caused by mycobacterium bovis, is a pathogen of growing concern in free-ranging wildlife in africa, but little is known about the disease in tanzanian wildlife. here, we report the infection status of mycobacterium bovis in a range of wildlife species sampled from protected areas in northern tanzania. m. bovis was isolated from 11.1% (2/18) migratory wildebeest (connochaetes taurinus) and 11.1% (1/9) topi (damaliscus lunatus) sampled systematically in 2000 during a meat crop ... | 2005 | 16107683 |
| prevalence of antibodies against rift valley fever virus in kenyan wildlife. | rift valley fever virus (rvfv) is an arbovirus associated with periodic outbreaks, mostly on the african continent, of febrile disease accompanied by abortion in livestock, and a severe, fatal haemorrhagic syndrome in humans. however, the maintenance of the virus during the inter-epidemic period (iep) when there is low or no disease activity detected in livestock or humans has not been determined. this study report prevalence of rvfv-neutralizing antibodies in sera (n=896) collected from 16 keny ... | 2008 | 17988425 |
| phylogenomic study of spiral-horned antelope by cross-species chromosome painting. | chromosomal homologies have been established between cattle (bos taurus, 2n = 60) and eight species of spiral-horned antelope, tribe tragelaphini: nyala (tragelaphus angasii, 2n = 55male/56female), lesser kudu (t. imberbis, 2n = 38male,female), bongo (t. eurycerus, 2n = 33male/34female), bushbuck (t. scriptus, 2n = 33male/34female), greater kudu (t. strepsiceros, 2n = 31male/32female), sitatunga (t. spekei, 2n = 30male,female) derby eland (taurotragus derbianus 2n = 31male/32female) and common e ... | 2008 | 18704723 |
| enteric co-innervation of esophageal striated muscle fibers: a phylogenetic study. | enteric co-innervation of striated muscle fibers in the esophagus occurs in several mammalian species including humans. however, the functional significance is still unknown. phylogenetic data may be instrumental in gaining further insight. we examined the bat glossophaga soricina and the shrew suncus murinus as representatives for phylogenetically old mammals. as ruminants the antelope tragelaphus imberbis, the he-goat capra falconeri and the sheep ovis aries were selected. as non-mammals the c ... | 2009 | 19748835 |
| vasculitis secondary to presumptive leptospirosis treated with long-term corticosteroids in a captive lesser kudu (tragelaphus imberbis australis). | a 2-yr-old female lesser kudu (tragelaphus imberbis australis) was presented for lethargy. empirical antibiotic treatment appeared to improve its clinical signs, although no etiology for the symptoms was determined. the kudu again presented with lethargy, diffusely swollen limbs, and subcutaneous ecchymoses of 1 day's duration after completion of the initial therapy. vasculitis secondary to presumptive leptospirosis infection was diagnosed based on a skin biopsy and decreasing paired serologic t ... | 2010 | 20945659 |
| extreme wildlife declines and concurrent increase in livestock numbers in kenya: what are the causes? | there is growing evidence of escalating wildlife losses worldwide. extreme wildlife losses have recently been documented for large parts of africa, including western, central and eastern africa. here, we report extreme declines in wildlife and contemporaneous increase in livestock numbers in kenya rangelands between 1977 and 2016. our analysis uses systematic aerial monitoring survey data collected in rangelands that collectively cover 88% of kenya's land surface. our results show that wildlife ... | 2016 | 27676077 |
| a genome survey sequencing of the java mouse deer (tragulus javanicus) adds new aspects to the evolution of lineage specific retrotransposons in ruminantia (cetartiodactyla). | ruminantia, the ruminating, hoofed mammals (cow, deer, giraffe and allies) are an unranked artiodactylan clade. around 50-60 million years ago the bovb retrotransposon entered the ancestral ruminantian genome through horizontal gene transfer. a survey genome screen using 454-pyrosequencing of the java mouse deer (tragulus javanicus) and the lesser kudu (tragelaphus imberbis) was done to investigate and to compare the landscape of transposable elements within ruminantia. the family tragulidae (mo ... | 2015 | 26123917 |
| meiotic behaviour of evolutionary sex-autosome translocations in bovidae. | the recurrent occurrence of sex-autosome translocations during mammalian evolution suggests common mechanisms enabling a precise control of meiotic synapsis, recombination and inactivation of sex chromosomes. we used immunofluorescence and fish to study the meiotic behaviour of sex chromosomes in six species of bovidae with evolutionary sex-autosome translocations (tragelaphus strepsiceros, taurotragus oryx, tragelaphus imberbis, tragelaphus spekii, gazella leptoceros and nanger dama ruficollis) ... | 2016 | 27136937 |
| antibiotic intravenous regional perfusion for successful resolution of distal limb infections: two cases. | intravenous regional perfusion is a common technique for treating infections of the extremities in humans and horses. it has the advantage of achieving very high antibiotic concentrations in affected tissues. this technique was used to clinically resolve deep, mixed infections involving bones and joints in a swamp wallaby and a lesser kudu. both infections were severe and considered life-threatening, because amputation was not feasible, systemic antibiotic treatment had failed, and both animals ... | 2008 | 18817008 |
| ecological separation among browsing ungulates in tsavo east national park, kenya. | data on food habits and habitat preferences of four browsing herbivores (black rhinoceros, giraffe, gerenuk and lesser kudu) were analyzed to assess niche width for each species and niche overlap between pairs of species. all four species depended heavily on woody plants as food, and overlap in the utilization of different plant types (trees and shrubs, herbs, grasses, etc.) was very great in three of six species paris. when individual plant species were considered, markedly less overlap was app ... | 1978 | 28309736 |
| land use, redd+ and the status of wildlife populations in yaeda valley, northern tanzania. | redd+ projects primarily focus on reducing carbon emissions from deforestation and forest degradation in developing countries. these projects are regularly evaluated against their core objective of conserving carbon stocks, but their contribution to biodiversity conservation has rarely been assessed. to assess the conservation value of the area and the relative performance of a redd+ land use plan in yaeda valley, a semi-arid savannah ecosystem in northern tanzania, we implemented an annual wild ... | 2019 | 30947305 |
| long-term persistence of wildlife populations in a pastoral area. | facilitating coexistence between people and wildlife is a major conservation challenge in east africa. some conservation models aim to balance the needs of people and wildlife, but the effectiveness of these models is rarely assessed. using a case-study approach, we assessed the ecological performance of a pastoral area in northern tanzania (manyara ranch) and established a long-term wildlife population monitoring program (carried out intermittently from 2003 to 2008 and regularly from 2011 to 2 ... | 2020 | 33005359 |
| clinical management of third phalanx fractures in lesser (tragelaphus imberbis) and greater kudu (tragelaphus strepsiceros). | two greater kudu ( tragelaphus strepsiceros ) and one lesser kudu ( t. imberbis ) from two zoological institutions presented with overgrown front hooves, and were diagnosed with fractures of the third phalanges in the affected digits. both greater kudu had milder lamenesses at diagnosis, and were managed conservatively with hoof trims, stall rest, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications. ongoing management through regular hoof trims led to improvement and eventual resolution of lameness. ... | 2017 | 28363042 |
| fecal steroid analysis for evaluating ovarian function in the greater kudu (tragelaphus strepsiceros) and lesser kudu (tragelaphus imberbis). | seasonal reproductive-endocrine norms have not been described for the genus tragelaphus, which consists of seven species of african antelope. longitudinal patterns of progesterone metabolite excretion were assessed by radioimmunoassays in fecal samples collected noninvasively (three to seven samples per week) from greater kudu (tragelaphus strepsiceros, n = 4) and lesser kudu (tragelaphus imberbis, n = 4). progesterone metabolite excretion patterns revealed seasonal estrous cycles in both specie ... | 2011 | 22204048 |
| values of trace elements selenium, copper, zinc, and iodine and of vitamin e in captive lesser kudus (tragelaphus imberbis). | lesser kudus (tragelaphus imberbis) have been kept in zoo basel since 1956. juvenile mortality used to be high, and a recent study to reveal pathologic findings identified white muscle disease as a major contributor to this problem. therefore, a retrospective study was initiated using 16 stored serum samples from lesser kudus from 2000 to 2013 to determine the concentration of selected trace elements, including selenium, copper, zinc, and iodine. additionally, three serum samples were used to me ... | 2015 | 26667542 |
| genomic resources and genetic diversity of captive lesser kudu (tragelaphus imberbis). | the lesser kudu (tragelaphus imberbis) is a spiral-horned antelope native to northeastern africa. individuals kept in zoological gardens are suspected to be highly inbred due to few founder individuals and a small breeding stock. a morphological study suggested two distinct subspecies of the lesser kudu. however, subspecies designation and population structure in zoological gardens has not been analyzed using molecular markers. we analyzed one mitochondrial marker and two nuclear intron loci (to ... | 2014 | 25043251 |
| juvenile mortality in captive lesser kudu (tragelaphus imberbis) at basle zoo and its relation to nutrition and husbandry. | since 1956, when the basle zoo (switzerland) initiated the breeding of lesser kudu (tragelaphus imberbis), 43% of the lesser kudu juveniles died before reaching an age of 6 mo. in this study, the objective was to obtain the pathological findings, nutritional history, and family tree information in order to evaluate the influence of husbandry on juvenile mortality in these animals. the main cause of death was white muscle disease (wmd), diagnosed in 14 cases (26%) of the deceased juveniles. altho ... | 2008 | 18432100 |
| the unusual karyotype of the lesser kudu, tragelaphus imberbis. | the chromosome set of the lesser kudu, tragelaphus imberbis, consists of 38 elements in both sexes. in contrast to most other members of the bovid subfamily tragelaphinae, both the x and the y chromosomes are compound, having fused with identical autosomes from ancestors presumed to have higher chromosome numbers. from a comparison of the unusual sex chromosomal rearrangements that have occurred in this family, a hypothetical lineage has been derived. this family tree and the details of various ... | 1980 | 7389415 |
| peste des petits ruminants virus infection at the wildlife-livestock interface in the greater serengeti ecosystem, 2015-2019. | peste des petits ruminants (ppr) is a viral disease of goats and sheep that occurs in africa, the middle east and asia with a severe impact on livelihoods and livestock trade. many wild artiodactyls are susceptible to ppr virus (pprv) infection, and some outbreaks have threatened endangered wild populations. the role of wild species in pprv epidemiology is unclear, which is a knowledge gap for the global strategy for the control and eradication of ppr. these studies aimed to investigate pprv inf ... | 2021 | 34066336 |