| the pathogenicity of bovine strains of foot and mouth disease virus for impala and wildebeest. | impala (aepyceros melampus) and wildebeest (connochaetes taurinus) were infected with bovine strains of foot and mouth disease virus by intradermolingual inoculation. no clinical signs developed in the impala but mild atypical lesions developed in the tongues of the wildebeest with generalized spread to one foot in two of the eight animals exposed. all the impala but only some of the wildebeest developed viraemia. no virus could be isolated from any tissues in either species after the 7th day fo ... | 1975 | 167208 |
| the role of wild mammals in the epidemiology of bovine theilerioses in east africa. | the theileriidae of east african wild mammals are reviewed. three species of wild bovidae were captured in east africa. they were africa cape buffalo (syncerus caffer), blue wildebeest (connochaetes taurinus) and eland (taurotragus oryx), and all were found to be naturally infected with theileria species. these animals were studied to determine the transmissibility and pathogenicity of their theilerial infections to cattle. adult rhipicephalus appendiculatus ticks, which had engorged as nymphs o ... | 1975 | 803580 |
| bluetongue antibody in botswana's domestic and game animals. | bluetongue precipitating antibody was demonstrated in sera of cattle, camels, sheep, goats and seven game species. of the domestic species the percentage of sera positive were; cattle 92%, camels 81%, goats 83% and sheep 36%. sheep sera, unlike those of other domestic species, varied greatly from area to area in the percentage positive. seroconversions were recorded in adult sheep between september and april. in adult cattle there was a gradual decline in the percentage positive with increasing ... | 1979 | 220761 |
| excretion of alcelaphine herpesvirus-1 by captive and free-living wildebeest (connochaetes taurinus). | excretion of alcelaphine herpesvirus-1 (ahv-1) is for all practical purposes limited to wildebeest calves under the age of 4 months. sixty-one per cent of calves 1-2 months of age excreted virus with a mean titre of 9.8 x 10(4) cytopathic-forming foci/ml in their ocular fluid. the incidence declined sharply to less than 2% in wildebeest older than 6 months. no difference in age-related excretion of virus could be detected between free-living and captive wildebeest and no virus could be isolated ... | 1989 | 2748133 |
| afrotropical culicoides: a redescription of c. (avaritia) imicola kieffer, 1913 (diptera: ceratopogonidae) with description of the closely allied c. (a.) bolitinos sp. nov. reared from the dung of the african buffalo, blue wildebeest and cattle in south africa. | culicoides (avaritia) imicola, kieffer is redescribed and its current worldwide distribution reviewed. it is compared with the closely allied c. (a.) bolitinos sp. nov. descriptions of both sexes of c. imicola and c. bolitinos sp. nov. are based entirely on series of reared adults. t-tests were performed on antennal and palpal data to differentiate more clearly these 2 species. the results are tabulated. short notes are given on the larval habitat of c. bolitinos sp. nov. in south africa, namely ... | 1989 | 2726191 |
| epidemiologic and pathologic aspects of an epizootic of malignant catarrhal fever in exotic hoofstock. | an epizootic of malignant catarrhal fever (mcf) occurred at the los angeles zoological park which resulted in the deaths of four exotic ungulates. the source of infection was considered to be a newly purchased wildebeest bull (connochaetes taurinus taurinus) that had been negative for antibody to mcf virus by an indirect immunofluorescent test. the need to re-evaluate regulations for the transportation and housing of young wildebeest is emphasized by this mcf outbreak. the diagnostic technology ... | 1989 | 2716112 |
| alcelaphine herpesviruses 1 and 2 sds-page analysis of virion polypeptides, restriction endonuclease analysis of genomic dna and virus replication restriction in different cell types. | herpesviruses have been isolated from white-tailed, white-bearded and blue wildebeest, as well as from jimela topi and cape hartebeest. these animals are members of the sub-family alcelaphinae of the family bovidae. viruses isolated from wildebeest cause malignant catarrhal fever (mcf) in susceptible ruminant species. alcelaphine herpesviruses (ahv) isolated from wildebeest replicate in both fetal aoudad sheep kidney (fak) cells and bovine embryonic lung (bel) cells. however, virus isolates from ... | 1989 | 2549921 |
| epizootology of wildebeest-derived malignant catarrhal fever: possible transmission among cows and their calves in the north-western transvaal. | the investigation involved 52 cases of wildebeest-derived malignant catarrhal fever in 1986 and 1989 in a herd of cattle kept in camps adjacent to a game farm harbouring a herd of approximately 330 blue wildebeest (connochaetes taurinus). in the outbreaks, 34 cows and 18 calves died as result of the disease. the exceptionally high incidence of the disease in both cows and their calves, the low incidence in calves of unaffected cows, the relatively short period between the death of cows and their ... | 1990 | 2234868 |
| hydatid disease in the turkana district of kenya. iii. the significance of wild animals in the transmission of echinococcus granulosus, with particular reference to turkana and masailand in kenya. | the results are given of a study on the role of wildlife in the transmission of echinococcus granulosus in the turkana and narok districts of kenya. a total of 76 wild carnivores belonging to three separate species was examined from turkana district. echinococcus adults were found in 11 of 38 silver-backed jackals (canis mesomelas) and in six of 22 golden jackals (canis aureus). this is the first record of golden jackals being infected with this parasite in kenya. none of 16 spotted hyaenas (cro ... | 1983 | 6882057 |
| genetic divergence in south african wildebeest: comparative cytogenetics and analysis of mitochondrial dna. | the blue and the black wildebeest, connochaetes taurinus and c. gnou, are currently classified as congeneric, but previous reports have placed c. taurinus in its own genus, gorgon. to further clarify the evolutionary relationship between these two species, we examined and compared their mitotic chromosomes and mitochondrial dna (mtdna). no species-specific g-banded or c-banded chromosomal markers were found, and we conclude that the karyotypes are invariant at the level of resolution obtained. a ... | 1991 | 1795096 |
| pentastomiasis (armillifer and linguatula sp.) infestations of wild animals in the kruger national park. | armillifer armillatus, linguatula serrata and l. nuttalli have each been isolated from nine different mammalian species in the kruger national park: lion, panthera leo; leopard, p. pardus; buffalo, syncerus caffer: blue wildebeest, connechaetes taurinus; giraffe, girraffa camelopardalis; kudu, tragelophus strepsiceros; waterbuck, kobus ellipsyprymnus; tsessebe, damaliscus iunatus and impala, aepyceros melampus. successful transmission of l. serrata from the lion to a domestic ox and impala is re ... | 1975 | 1223283 |
| echinococcosis (hydatodosis) in wild animals of the kruger national park. | echinococcosis has been diagnosed in the following wild species in the kruger national park : lion, panthera leo, spotted hyena, crocuta crocuta, cape hunting dog, lycaon pictus, burchell's zebra, equus burchelli antiquorum, buffalo, syncerus caffer, hippopotamus, hippopotamus amphibius, and impala, aepyceros melampus. infestation rates in the herbivores vary from 60% in zebra to less than 1% in impala. species like elephant, loxodonta africana, and blue wildebeest, connochaetes taurinus, do not ... | 1975 | 1219111 |
| a description of the immature stages of kirkioestrus minutus (rodhain & bequaert, 1915) (diptera: oestridae), and the life cycle and seasonal prevalence of this fly in blue wildebeest. | descriptions of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd instar larvae and the puparium of kirkioestrus minutus are gives. first instar larvae, which have not previously been described, can be distinguished from other oestrid larvae by the ventral spinulation of segments iv-xii and the spinulation of the anal protuberance. of 55 blue wildebeest examined in the kruger national park all but two 1-month-old and one 2-month-old animals were infested. first stage larvae are probably deposited in or on the nostrils and m ... | 1980 | 7454232 |
| blood parasites of some wild bovidae in botswana. | blood smears from a total of 282 wild bovidae from ngamiland, botswana were examined for the presence of blood parasites. the following species were sampled: 190 african buffalo, 23 impala, 10 blue wildebeest, 18 tsessebe, 1 eland, 13 lechwe, 16 kudu and 11 sable antelope. in addition, blood from 36 of the above antelope and from a further 48 buffalo was inoculated into rodents to test for the presence of trypanosomes. an anaplasm morphologically indistinguishable from anaplasma marginale theile ... | 1975 | 813170 |
| cooperia connochaeti sp. nov. (nematoda, trichostrongylidae) from the blue wildebeest, connochaetes taurinus (burchell, 1823). | a new species of nematode. cooperia connochaeti, was collected from cross-bred blue and black wildebeest at krugersdorp (transvaal), blue wildebeest connochaetes taurinus (burchell, 1823) from the kruger national park (transvaal) and lake xhau (botswana), as well as from impala aepyceros melampus (lichtenstein, 1812) at malelane (transvaal) and pafuri (kruger national park). these nematodes are smaller than cooperia pectinata ransom, 1907, and their spicules, which are bifid in the distal third, ... | 1979 | 551358 |
| experimental infection of wildebeest with the herpesvirus of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis/infectious pustular vulvovaginitis. | intravaginal inoculation of a wildebeest (connochaetes taurinus) with a wildebeest strain of the infectious bovine rhinotracheitis/infectious pustular vulvovaginitis herpesvirus induced only mild vulvovaginitis. the same virus did not produce any disease in another wildebeest exposed intranasally. a wildebeest bull which was inoculated by preputial instillation developed mild posthitis. the virus was reisolated only from the sites of inoculation. a carrier state was initiated in a wildebeest ino ... | 1979 | 230363 |
| observations on the epidemiology of the herpesvirus of infectous bovine rhinotracheitis/infectious pustular vulvovaginitis in wildebeest. | spontaneous vulvovaginitis erupted in wildebeest (connochaetes taurinus) after betamethasone inoculation. infectious bovine rhinotracheitis/infectious pustular vulvovaginitis (ibr/ipv) is probably a venereal disease because virgin wildebeest did not develop vulvovaginitis after betamethasone injections, nor was the virus transmitted to these virgin wildebeest and steers which were in pen contact with the affected animals. a domestic bovine heifer developed mild ipv and became a virus carrier, wh ... | 1979 | 228091 |
| attempted artificaial infection or impala, blue wildebeest, buffalo, kudu, giraffe and warthog with heartwater. | intravenous injection of cowdria ruminantium infected blood produced no sings of disease in four impala, aepyceros melampus; three blue wildebeest, connochaetes taurinus; a buffalo, syncerus caffer; a kudu, tragelaphus strepsiceros; a giraffe. giraffa camelopardalis and a warthog, phacochoerus aethiopicus. a control sheep injected with the same blood reacted severely and showed typical lesions of heartwater at autopsy. | 1976 | 994140 |
| nutritional studies on east african herbivores. 2. losses of nitrogen in the faeces. | 1. a series of nitrogen-balance trials was done using groups of four animals of various species of wild and domesticated ruminants using pelleted diets (arman & hopcraft, 1975). 2. various herbivores were given grass or grass hays, legumes, herbs and shrubs. food and faecal samples were analysed for n. 3. with the pelleted diets, the n content of the faecal dry matter (dm) was low for eland (taurotragus oryx pallas), high for sheep and cattle (bos taurus and bos indicus) and intermediate for the ... | 1975 | 1115763 |
| the helminth parasites of various artiodactylids from some south african nature reserves. | the helminth species composition and helminth burdens of 4 grey duikers, 12 bushbuck, 2 nyala, 2 giraffe, a steenbok, an oribi, a waterbuck and a tsessebe from the kruger national park (knp); of a steenbok and a greater kudu from the farm riekerts laager, transvaal; of a single blue duiker from the tsitsikama forest national park, and of a blue wildebeest, a red hartebeest, a gemsbok and 2 springbok from the kalahari gemsbok national park (kgnp) were collected, counted and identified. new parasi ... | 1986 | 3725333 |
| attempted transmission of theileria gorgonis, brocklesby & vidler 1961, from blue wildebeest (connochaetes taurinus) to cattle. | | 1973 | 4582783 |
| epizootology of wildebeest-derived malignant catarrhal fever in an outbreak in the north-western transvaal: indications of an intermediate host. | the investigation involved 37 herds of cattle numbering 6,280 animals and 5 groups of blue wildebeest (connochaetes taurinus), consisting of 30-330 wildebeest per group. all the cases of wildebeest-derived malignant catarrhal fever encountered were associated with wildebeest and not with other game animals. six per cent of the cases were encountered in late summer when the wildebeest calves were 3-4 months old, whereas 73% occurred in spring, when the wildebeest calves were 8-11 months old and d ... | 1989 | 2748134 |
| immunization against bovine besnoitiosis with a live vaccine prepared from a blue wildebeest strain of besnoitia besnoiti grown in cell cultures. 1. studies on rabbits. | | 1974 | 4213163 |
| the fine structure of intra-erythrocytic stages of theileria gorgonis and a strain of anaplasma marginale isolated from wildebeest (connochaetes taurinus). | | 1974 | 4473851 |
| studies on the relationship between besnoitia of blue wildebeest and impala, and besnoitia besnoiti of cattle. | | 1967 | 6069326 |
| antibodies to brucella spp. among blue wildebeest and african buffalo in kenya. | a serologic survey of blue wildebeest (connochaetes taurinus burchell) and african buffalo (syncerus caffer sparrman) in the masai mara area was conducted. antibodies to brucella spp. were found in 18% of the blue wildebeest and 30% of the african buffalo examined. there were titers in all age groups and in both sexes. hygromata were seen in both species. the increase in numbers of blue wildebeest and african buffalo which share grazing and watering areas with cattle of the masai people, makes t ... | 1986 | 3712644 |
| tuberculosis in tanzanian wildlife. | bovine tuberculosis, caused by mycobacterium bovis, is a pathogen of growing concern in free-ranging wildlife in africa, but little is known about the disease in tanzanian wildlife. here, we report the infection status of mycobacterium bovis in a range of wildlife species sampled from protected areas in northern tanzania. m. bovis was isolated from 11.1% (2/18) migratory wildebeest (connochaetes taurinus) and 11.1% (1/9) topi (damaliscus lunatus) sampled systematically in 2000 during a meat crop ... | 2005 | 16107683 |
| prevalence of antibodies to alcelaphine herpesvirus-1 and nucleic acid hybridization analysis of viruses isolated from captive exotic ruminants. | a serologic survey was conducted to determine the prevalence of antibodies to alcelaphine herpesvirus-1 (ahv-1) in captive exotic ruminants within the united states. forty-six percent of the members of the subfamily alcelaphinae (wildebeest, topi, hartebeest) in the family bovidae had virus-neutralizing antibody to ahv-1. other subfamilies of bovidae with high prevalence of virus-neutralizing antibodies to ahv-1 included hippotraginae (oryx and addax) and caprinae (sheep and goats), with prevale ... | 1989 | 2552876 |
| demonstration of a carrier state for cowdria ruminantium in wild ruminants from africa. | four wild african ruminants, eland (taurotragus oryx), giraffe (giraffa camelopardalis), kudu (tragephalus strepsiceros strepsiceros), and blue wildebeest (connochaetes taurinus), were experimentally infected with the rickettsia cowdria ruminantium, the tickborne agent causing heartwater in domestic ruminants. the infections were established, and c. ruminantium was transmitted to naive small ruminants by the vector amblyomma hebraeum when transmission attempts were made at days 128 (eland and wi ... | 1998 | 9706566 |
| parasites of domestic and wild animals in south africa. xvi. helminth and arthropod parasites of blue and black wildebeest (connochaetes taurinus and connochaetes gnou). | fifty-five blue wildebeest ( connochaetes taurinus ) were shot for parasite recovery at approximately monthly intervals during a period of 13 months in the kruger national park. thirteen nematode species, 4 cestode species, 1 trematode, the larvae of 5 oestrid flies, 3 lice species, 7 ixodid tick species, 1 mite species and the nymphae of a pentastomid were recovered. the seasonal prevalence of 8 nematodes, 2 cestodes, the larvae of 4 oestrid flies, 2 lice and 4 ixodid tick species was determine ... | 1983 | 6676686 |
| immune effector mechanisms involved in the control of parasitaemia in trypanosoma brucei-infected wildebeest (connochaetes taurinus). | the course of trypanosoma brucei infection in the wildebeest (connochaetes taurinus) was studied. a low but persistent parasitaemia developed in all five wildebeest following intravenous inoculation with 1 x 10(8) organisms of clone iltat 2.1. unlike cattle controls, however, the wildebeest did not develop anaemia. in both cattle and wildebeest, radioimmunoassay studies revealed a classical sequence of production of igm, igg1 and igg2 antibodies which had the capacity to bind to the correspondin ... | 1986 | 3710523 |
| serodiagnosis of bovine besnoitiosis by elisa and immunofluorescence tests. | sera from non-infected cattle and cattle infected with anaplasma, babesia, theileria and sarcocystis were tested for antibodies to besnoitia in elisa and immunofluorescence tests (ift) with besnoitia besnoiti of blue wildebeest origin as antigen. only 2 out of 86 sera gave false positive reactions in elisa and none in the ift, indicating a high specificity for the tests. three-hundred-and-three bovine sera from 3 farms in an area endemic for besnoitiosis were similarly tested and the results wer ... | 1984 | 6442765 |
| comparison of genomes of malignant catarrhal fever-associated herpesviruses by restriction endonuclease analysis. | the restriction endonuclease dna cleavage patterns of eight isolates of malignant catarrhal fever-associated herpesviruses were examined using the restriction endonucleases hindiii and ecori. the eight viruses could be assigned to two distinct groups. virus isolates from a blue wildebeest, a sika deer and an ibex had restriction endonuclease dna cleavage patterns that were in general similar to each other. the restriction pattern of these three viruses was distinct from the other five. of these ... | 1989 | 2558629 |
| role of wildebeest fetal membranes and fluids in the transmission of malignant catarrhal fever virus. | malignant catarrhal fever virus was not isolated from samples of fetal membranes or fluid collected from 93 calving wildebeest (connochaetes taurinus) in kenya maasailand. cell-free strains of malignant catarrhal fever virus were very rapidly inactivated when exposed to the sun under field conditions, at least 3.0 log10 units/25 microliter being lost per hour at midday. it is suggested that wildebeest fetal membranes and fluids act as visual markers for areas of pasture which are particularly he ... | 1983 | 6623872 |
| anaplasma infections in wild and domestic ruminants: a review. | anaplasma marginale can be transmitted, will grow and can survive in a large number of domestic and wild animals. it is pathogenic in cattle, and usually produces nonapparent or mild infections in other species. anaplasma marginale has been recovered from cattle, sheep, goats, water buffalo (bubalus bubalis), white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus), mule deer (odocoileus hemionus hemionus), black-tailed deer (odocoileus hemionus columbianus), pronghorn (antilocapra americana americana), rocky ... | 1984 | 6716555 |
| an outbreak of pasteurellosis in kano zoo. | an outbreak of pasteurellosis caused by pasteurella multocida is reported in which six elands (taurotragus oryx), a gnu (connochaetes taurinus albojubatus), a zebra (equus bruchelli), five kangaroos (macropus rufus), an ostrich (struthio camelus camelus) and a bateleur eagle (terathopius ecaudatus) died in kano zoological gardens toward the end of the rainy season of 1978. confirmation was based on cultural isolation of p. multocida. analysis of likely factors that could have contributed to the ... | 1980 | 7373722 |
| antibodies to some pathogenic agents in free-living wild species in tanzania. | a total of 535 sera from eight species of wildlife were collected from different game areas in tanzania between 1987 and 1989. these sera were tested for antibodies against foot-and-mouth disease, bovine herpes virus types 1 and 2, lumpy skin disease, bovine viral diarrhoea, akabane, bovine ephemeral fever, bluetongue, enzootic bovine leucosis, african horse sickness and african swine fever viruses and brucella abortus based on the expected species susceptibility. sera from buffalo syncerus caff ... | 1990 | 2123458 |
| a plaque assay for malignant catarrhal fever virus and virus neutralizing activity. | a cell-free strain of malignant catarrhal fever virus which produced a readily recognizable cytopathic effect was obtained by serial passage of the virus in a rabbit kidney cell line. plaque assay of the virus was more rapid and gave higher titres 11 days postinoculation than tube titration, but the latter advantage decreased with a longer incubation period. plaques were clear with sharp edges and measured 0.5 to 2 mm in diameter after 15 days. a plaque neutralization test was developed and succ ... | 1980 | 7427840 |
| allozyme divergence among four representatives of the subfamily alcelaphinae (family: bovidae). | we used protein gel electrophoresis to study genetic diversity within and between blue wildebeest (connochaetes taurinus), black wildebeest (c. gnou), red hartebeest (alcelaphus buselaphus caama) and blesbok (damaliscus dorcas phillipsi). twenty-nine protein encoding loci were resolved, average heterozygosity ranged from 3.25-5.36% and between population gene diversity accounted for the major share of the total relative gene diversity (69.34%). genetic distance values ranged from 0.021 to 0.132 ... | 1995 | 7584860 |
| a survey for cryptosporidium spp. in mammals at the barcelona zoo. | mammals housed at the barcelona zoo belonging to the orders carnivora, artiodactyla, perissodactyla and proboscidea were examined for cryptosporidium infections. a total of 183 fecal samples from 17 carnivores and 34 herbivores revealed patent infections in only 6 herbivore species (5 artiodactyls of the families bovidae and giraffidae and 1 perissodactyl of the family rhinocerotidae); all carnivores were negative. intensity of infection was found to be generally low. connochaetes taurinus tauri ... | 1996 | 9024881 |
| genetic divergence in south african wildebeest: analysis of allozyme variability. | genetic variability within the blue (connochaetes taurinus) and black (c. gnou) wildebeests in south africa was estimated from allozyme frequencies at 31 protein-encoding loci. seven loci, ak-1, alb, est-d, icdh-1, mpi-1, pgm-1, and tf, were polymorphic in the blue wildebeest, but only two loci, est-d and tf, were variable in its congener. average gene diversity was h = 0.018 +/- 0.013 in the black wildebeest and was significantly smaller than that, h = 0.081 +/- 0.030, in the blue wildebeest. t ... | 1994 | 7995929 |
| ataxia and spinal cord degeneration in llama, wildebeeste and camel. | clinical and pathological findings from instances of ataxia in a group of wildebeeste (connochaetes taurinus), two llamas (llama glama) and one arabian camel (camelus dromedarius) are presented. clinically, all the affected animals showed a non-febrile, progressive ataxia. neuropathologically, wallerian degeneration was diffuse in the spinal cord of the camel and llamas but was focal in the wildebeeste. degeneration was present in the cervical dorsal roots in the wildebeeste and in the ventral n ... | 1980 | 7434534 |
| haematological reference values for east african wild ungulates. | basic haematological values were obtained in the field from shot, clinically normal, wild east african ungulates. the species studied were: thomson's gazelle (gazella thomsonii), grant's gazelle (gazella grantii), blue wildebeest (conochaetes taurinus), coke's hartebeest (alcelaphus buselaphus cokii), impala (aepyceros melampus) and burchell's zebra (equus burchelli). red cell parameters compared well with previous reports although the mean cell haemoglobin concentrations were higher. the white ... | 1993 | 8460271 |
| the prevalence of antibody of antibody to contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (mycoplasma strain f38) in some wild herbivores and camels in kenya. | sera of 11 species of wild herbivores were tested for antibody to mycoplasma strain f38 which causes contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (ccpp) in kenya. antibodies were found in buffalo (syncerus caffer) (32%), impala (aepyceros melampus) (10%) and camels (camelus dromedarius) (49%) but not in bushbuck (tragelaphus scriptus), eland (taurotragus oryx), grant's gazelle (gazella granti), kongoni (alcelaphus buselaphus cokei), oryx (oryx beisa), thomson's gazelle (gazella thomsonii), waterbuck (kobu ... | 1978 | 691121 |
| detection of ahv-1 dna in lung sections from blue wildebeest (connochaetes taurinus) calves by in situ hybridization. | in situ hybridization was performed on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded lung sections from eight blue wildebeest (connochaetes taurinus) calves to investigate the role of this organ in the excretion of alcelaphine herpes virus-1 (ahv-1). a digoxigenin labelled smal fragment of ahv-1 was used as a dna probe. viral dna was detected in the lungs of seven calves in which infection with ahv-1 had previously been confirmed, indicating the significance of the lower respiratory tract in viral replicati ... | 1997 | 9467180 |
| generation of a nucleic acid probe specific for the alcelaphine herpesvirus 1 and its use for the detection of malignant catarrhal fever virus dna in blue wildebeest calves (connochaetes taurinus). | two wc 11 specific dna fragments, 3 kb and 2 kb in size, respectively, were cloned and evaluated as probes for their use in diagnostic and epidemiological investigations of malignant catarrhal fever (mcf). field specimens including blood, ocular fluid, nasal mucus and urine of blue wildebeest (connochaetes taurinus) calves in the kruger national park, south africa, were tested and found positive for excretion of mcf-virus by slot blot hybridization. in 2 cases mcf-virus dna was detected in the u ... | 1993 | 8332328 |
| hunting by male lions: ecological influences and socioecological implications. | in the kruger national park, male lions, panthera leo, acquire most of their food by hunting rather than scavenging. this study, the most intensive to date of male lion ecology, showed that in savanna woodlands, with high buffalo, syncerus caffer, densities, male lions were frequent and successful hunters. the main prey species of all male group types, but particularly nonterritorial males, was buffalo. by contrast, females preyed more frequently on the most abundant medium-sized ungulates, such ... | 1998 | 9933529 |
| a 12-month survey of the gastro-intestinal helminths of antelopes, gazelles and giraffids kept at two zoos in belgium. | faecal egg count patterns and clinical signs associated with gastro-intestinal (gi) nematodes of 107 zoo ruminants were monitored at fortnightly intervals for 1 year. the ruminants in this study were kept under different husbandry conditions at two sites of the royal zoological society of antwerp, the antwerp zoo and the animal park planckendael. artiodactylids involved were arabian oryx (oryx leucoryx), scimitar-horned oryx (oryx dammah), bongos (tragelaphus euryceros isaaci), sitatungas (trage ... | 2004 | 15710531 |
| blue wildebeest and the aetiological agent of bovine malignant catarrhal fever. | | 1960 | 13736396 |
| connecting the dots: an invariant migration corridor links the holocene to the present. | numerous species undergo impressive movements, but due to massive changes in land use, long distance migration in terrestrial vertebrates has become a highly fragile ecological phenomenon. uncertainty about the locations of past migrations and the importance of current corridors hampers conservation planning. using archeological data from historic kill sites and modern methods to track migration, we document an invariant, 150 km (one-way) migration corridor used for at least 6000 years by north ... | 2006 | 17148280 |
| the host status of african buffaloes, syncerus caffer, for rhipicephalus (boophilus) decoloratus. | the objective of this study was to assess the host status of african buffaloes, syncerus caffer, for the one-host tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) decoloratus. to this end the r. (b.) decoloratus burdens of ten buffaloes examined in three north-eastern kwazulu-natal province (kzn) nature reserves were compared with those of medium-sized to large antelope species in these reserves and in the southern kruger national park (knp), mpumalanga province. the r. (b.) decoloratus burdens of the buffaloes w ... | 2006 | 17058441 |
| experience with drugs for capture and restraint of wildebeest, impala, eland and hartebeest in kenya. | two hundred and sixteen wildebeest (connochaetes taurinus), 111 impala (aepyceros melampus), 39 eland (taurotragus oryx) and 9 hartebeest (alcelaphlus buselaphus cokii) were drug-immobilized for capture or for handling in captivity. drugs used for capture were combinations of xylazine, etorphine and acepromazine, or xylazine and fentanyl, with or without the addition of azaperone. for restraint in captivity, xylazine alone proved to be satisfactory in most instances. drugs were injected with pro ... | 1976 | 16498891 |
| mycotic infection in blue wildebeest (connochaetes taurinus burchell 1823). | | 1973 | 4787765 |
| identification of myosin heavy chain isoforms in skeletal muscle of four southern african wild ruminants. | the aim was to separate and characterize the myosin heavy chain (mhc) isoforms of four southern african wild ruminants, namely blesbuck (damaliscus dorcas phillipsi), kudu (tragelaphus strepsiceros), black wildebeest (connochaetes gnou) and blue wildebeest (connochaetes taurinus). longissimus dorsi muscle samples were subjected to sds-page and western blot analyses using antibodies raised against mhc isoforms. the specificity of these antibodies was assessed using immunohistochemistry combined w ... | 2007 | 17631404 |
| validation of a biotelemetric technique, using ambulatory miniature black globe thermometers, to quantify thermoregulatory behaviour in ungulates. | behavioural thermoregulation is an animal's primary defence against changes in the thermal environment. we aimed to validate a remote technique to quantify the thermal environment behaviourally selected by free-ranging ungulates. first, we demonstrated that the temperature of miniature, 30 mm diameter, black globes (miniglobes) could be converted to standard, 150 mm diameter, black globe temperatures. miniglobe temperature sensors subsequently were fitted to collars on three free-ranging ungulat ... | 2007 | 17480034 |
| detection of anaplasma antibodies in wildlife and domestic species in wildlife-livestock interface areas of kenya by major surface protein 5 competitive inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | the seroprevalence of anaplasma antibodies in wildlife (eland, blue wildebeest, kongoni, impala, thomson's gazelle, grant's gazelle, giraffe and plains zebra) and domestic animal (cattle, sheep and goat) populations was studied in wildlife/livestock interface areas of kenya. serum samples were analyzed by competitive inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ci-elisa), using a recombinant antigen (msp-5) from anaplasma marginale surface membrane. a monoclonal antibody, fc-16, was used as the ... | 2008 | 19040134 |
| comparison of the milk composition of free-ranging blesbok, black wildebeest and blue wildebeest of the subfamily alcelaphinae (family: bovidae). | the proximate composition of milk from free ranging blesbok, black wildebeest and blue wildebeest is reported, with detailed analysis of fatty acid composition and protein identification by electrophoresis. the milk of the blesbok, black- and blue wildebeest contain respectively 5.6 +/- 0.3, 4.3 +/- 0.7 and 4.1 +/- 0.9 g/100 g protein, 8.6 +/- 1.1, 5.5 +/- 1.5 and 7.5 +/- 2.1 g/100 g fat, and 4.9 +/- 0.4, 4.1 +/- 0.6 and 5.3 +/- 1.6 g/100 g lactose, and are comparable with ovine milk. the milk c ... | 2009 | 19426824 |
| gammaherpesvirus carrier status of black wildebeest (connochaetes gnou) in south africa. | malignant catarrhal fever (mcf) is an economically important disease primarily of domestic cattle with a high case fatality rate. it is caused by either alcelaphine herpesvirus type 1 (alhv-1) or ovine herpesvirus type 2 (ovhv-2). the major reservoir host of alhv-1 is the blue wildebeest (connochaetes taurinus), but it is generally accepted that the black wildebeest (connochaetes gnou) is also a reservoir host. no viral studies in the black wildebeest have been reported and the carrier status of ... | 2008 | 19244822 |
| rinderpest seroprevalence in wildlife in kenya and tanzania, 1982-1993. | eight hundred and thirty five serum samples collected from eight wild artiodactyl species in kenya and tanzania between 1982 and 1993 were tested for virus-neutralising (vn) antibodies to rinderpest (rp) virus. antibodies were found in 116 of 344 buffaloes (syncerus caffer) but not in the other species including 349 wildebeest (connochaetes taurinus). most of the antibody positive buffaloes were from the maasai mara-serengeti ecosystem (mm-se) and would have had opportunity for exposure to the v ... | 2006 | 16529830 |
| comparing responses of four ungulate species to playbacks of baboon alarm calls. | a growing body of evidence suggests that a wide range of animals can recognize and respond appropriately to calls produced by other species. social learning has been implicated as a possible mechanism by which heterospecific call recognition might develop. to examine whether familiarity and/or shared vulnerability with the calling species might influence the ability of sympatric species to distinguish heterospecific alarm calls, we tested whether four ungulate species (impala: aepyceros melampus ... | 2010 | 20607576 |
| trypanosoma brucei infection in asymptomatic greater kudus (tragelaphus strepsiceros) on a game ranch in zambia. | trypomastogotes of trypanosoma brucei were detected from 4 asymptomatic kudus (tragelaphus strepsiceros) on a game ranch located approximately 45 km north east of lusaka, zambia. blood smears examined from 14 wildlife species comprising of the impala (aepyceros melampus), kafue lechwe (kobus leche kafuensis), sable antelope (hippotragus niger), tsessebe (damaliscus lunatus), warthog (phacochoerus aethiopicus), puku (kobus vardoni), zebra (equus burchelli), waterbuck (kobus ellipsiprymnus), bushb ... | 2010 | 20333288 |
| basic hematological values in some wild ruminants in captivity. | analyses of hematological parameters were carried out on eight axis deer (cervus axis), 12 fallow deer (cervus dama), 16 red deer (cervus elaphus hippelaphus), three sambar (cervus unicolor), nine père david deer (elaphurus davidianus), 20 european bison (bison bonasus), seven nilgai (boselaphus tragocamelus), eight mouflon (ovis musimon), four white-bearded gnu (connochaetes taurinus) and six barbary sheep (ammotragus lervia). the following parameters were determined: packed cell volume, hemogl ... | 1999 | 10629960 |
| larger antelopes are sensitive to heat stress throughout all seasons but smaller antelopes only during summer in an african semi-arid environment. | heat stress can limit the activity time budget of ungulates due to hyperthermia, which is relevant for african antelopes in ecosystems where temperature routinely increases above 40 °c. body size influences this thermal sensitivity as large bodied ungulates have a lower surface area to volume ratio than smaller ungulates, and therefore a reduced heat dissipation capacity. we tested whether the activity pattern during the day of three antelope species of different body size-eland, blue wildebeest ... | 2014 | 23417331 |
| [malignant catarrhal fever in zoo ruminants]. | an outbreak of malignant catarrhal fever (mcf) in indian gauer (bos gaurus gaurus) and javan banteng (bos javanicus javanicus) occurred in the year 1964 and killed almost all animals of the groups of these species kept at the munich zoo at that time. in the consecutive years at highly irregular intervals cases of the head-and-eye-form of mcf occurred sporadically at the zoo in european and american bison (bison bonasus, b. bison' bison, b. bison athabascae), elk (alces alces), red deer (cervus e ... | 1998 | 9810608 |
| genetic variability in south african blue wildebeest (connochaetes oaurinus). | 1. we use protein gel-electrophoresis to investigate genetic heterogeneity at 33 protein coding loci in a total of 46 blue wildebeest (c. taurinus) kept under different management regimes. 2. average heterozygosity ranged from 2.14 to 4.3% and within-population differences accounted for 97.2% of total relative gene diversity. 3. comparatively little divergence was found between animals sampled from populations with very diverse population sizes and management histories, with the largest genetic ... | 1993 | 8281767 |
| surveillance and control of anthrax and rabies in wild herbivores and carnivores in namibia. | anthrax has been studied intensively in etosha national park, namibia since 1966; in addition, since 1975, mortality due to rabies and all other causes has been recorded, totalling 6,190 deaths. standard diagnostic procedures demonstrated that at least 811 deaths (13%) were due to anthrax and 115 deaths (2%) were caused by rabies. of the total number of deaths due to anthrax, 97% occurred in zebra (equus burchelli), elephant (loxodonta africana), wildebeest (connochaetes taurinus) and springbok ... | 1993 | 8518440 |
| responses to alternative rainfall regimes and antipoaching in a migratory system. | migratory ungulates may be particularly vulnerable to the challenges imposed by growing human populations and climate change. these species depend on vast areas to sustain their migratory behavior, and in many cases come into frequent contact with human populations outside protected areas. they may also act as spatial coupling agents allowing feedbacks between ecological systems and local economies, particularly in the agropastoral subsistence economies found in the african savanna biome. we use ... | 2010 | 20405794 |
| wildebeest-associated malignant catarrhal fever: perspectives for integrated control of a lymphoproliferative disease of cattle in sub-saharan africa. | wildebeest-associated malignant catarrhal fever (wa-mcf), an acute lymphoproliferative disease of cattle caused by alcelaphine herpesvirus 1 (alhv-1), remains a significant constraint to cattle production in nomadic pastoralist systems in eastern and southern africa. the transmission of wa-mcf is dependent on the presence of the wildlife reservoir, i.e. wildebeest, belonging to the species connochaetes taurinus and connochaetes gnou; hence, the distribution of wa-mcf is largely restricted to ken ... | 2016 | 26446889 |
| evidence of increasing intra and inter-species transmission of mycobacterium bovis in south africa: are we losing the battle? | tuberculosis caused by mycobacterium bovis is recognized worldwide as a significant health risk in domestic cattle, farmed and wild animal species as well as in humans. we carried out spoligotyping and variable number of tandem repeat (vntr) typing methods to characterize 490 m. bovis isolates from livestock (cattle, n=230; pig n=1) and wildlife species (n=259) originating from different farms and regions in south africa, with the aim to further establish the genetic diversity of the isolates, s ... | 2014 | 24703246 |
| an unusual site for a ciliate in the blue wildebeeste (connochaetes taurinus). | | 1970 | 5462488 |
| studies on the epizootiology of rinderpest in blue wildebeest and other game species of northern tanzania and southern kenya, 1965-7. | | 1967 | 5235256 |
| malignant catarrhal fever in east africa. i. behaviour of the virus in free-living populations of blue wildebeest (gorgon taurinus taurinus, burchell). | | 1965 | 14281668 |
| parasites of south african wildlife. xix. the prevalence of helminths in some common antelopes, warthogs and a bushpig in the limpopo province, south africa. | little work has been conducted on the helminth parasites of artiodactylids in the northern and western parts of the limpopo province, which is considerably drier than the rest of the province. the aim of this study was to determine the kinds and numbers of helminth that occur in different wildlife hosts in the area as well as whether any zoonotic helminths were present. ten impalas (aepyceros melampus), eight kudus (tragelaphus strepsiceros), four blue wildebeest (connochaetes taurinus), two bla ... | 2011 | 23327219 |
| rift valley fever virus among wild ruminants, etosha national park, namibia, 2011. | after a may 2011 outbreak of rift valley fever among livestock northeast of etosha national park, namibia, wild ruminants in the park were tested for the virus. antibodies were detected in springbok, wildebeest, and black-faced impala, and viral rna was detected in springbok. seroprevalence was high, and immune response was long lasting. | 2016 | 26692385 |
| alcelaphine herpesvirus-1 (malignant catarrhal fever virus) in wildebeest placenta: genetic variation of orf50 and a9.5 alleles. | alcelaphine herpesvirus-1 (alhv-1), a causative agent of malignant catarrhal fever in cattle, was detected in wildebeest (connochaetes taurinus) placenta tissue for the first time. although viral load was low, the finding of viral dna in over 50% of 94 samples tested lends support to the possibility that placental tissue could play a role in disease transmission and that wildebeest calves are infected in utero. two viral loci were sequenced to examine variation among virus samples obtained from ... | 2015 | 25969987 |
| protozoa and digestive tract parameters in blue wildebeest (connochaetes taurinus) and black wildebeest (connochaetes gnou), with description of entodinium taurinus n. sp. | rumen contents from four blue wildebeest (connochaetes taurinus) and six black wildebeest (connochaetes gnou) were collected from two locations during two winter culling seasons. a total of 16 species of protozoa were found in blue wildebeest with dasytricha ruminantium, opisthotrichum janus and ostracodinium gracile occurring in all four animals. in black wildebeest, 23 species of protozoa were observed with only diplodinium bubalidis (caudal spine morphotype) and ostracodinium damaliscus being ... | 2012 | 22683066 |
| the effect of a slow-release formulation of zuclopenthixol acetate (acunil®) on captive blue wildebeest (connochaetes taurinus) behavior and physiological response. | the study investigated the effect of a slow-release formulation of zuclopenthixol acetate (acunil®) on blue wildebeest ( connochaetes taurinus ) in captivity. two groups of trials were conducted using either acunil or a placebo (control). animals (acunil: n = 17; placebo: n = 12) were observed for a 12-hr period before the administration of acunil or the placebo (pretreatment). after 24 hr, animals were administered acunil (1.5 mg/kg) or a placebo (1.0-3.0 ml of sterile water) and observed again ... | 2016 | 27468024 |
| differential predation by age and sex classes in blue wildebeest in serengeti: study of a modern carnivore den in olduvai gorge (tanzania). | age and sex selection of prey is an aspect of predator ecology which has been extensively studied in both temperate and african ecosystems. this dimension, along with fecundity, survival rates of prey and mortality factors other than predation are important in laying down the population dynamics of prey and have important implications in the management of species. a carnivore den located in the short-grassland ecological unit of the serengeti was studied. sex- and age- class (using five age cate ... | 2015 | 26017363 |
| validating a human biotelemetry system for use in captive blue wildebeest (connochaetes taurinus). | we fitted two blue wildebeest (connochaetes taurinus) with modified versions of the equivital™ eq02 wireless monitoring system to evaluate if the device could accurately measure heart rate and respiration rate in this species whilst anaesthetized as well as whilst fully conscious in captivity. whilst under anaesthesia, we monitored each animal's heart rate and respiration rate using the equivital™ biotelemetry belt, a cardell(®) veterinary monitor and manual measurements. the animals were also a ... | 2015 | 25982471 |
| group dynamics of zebra and wildebeest in a woodland savanna: effects of predation risk and habitat density. | group dynamics of gregarious ungulates in the grasslands of the african savanna have been well studied, but the trade-offs that affect grouping of these ungulates in woodland habitats or dense vegetation are less well understood. we examined the landscape-level distribution of groups of blue wildebeest, connochaetes taurinus, and burchell's zebra, equus burchelli, in a predominantly woodland area (karongwe game reserve, south africa; kgr) to test the hypothesis that group dynamics are a function ... | 2010 | 20862216 |
| coping with spatial heterogeneity and temporal variability in resources and risks: adaptive movement behaviour by a large grazing herbivore. | movement is a key mean for mobile species to cope with heterogeneous environments. while in herbivorous mammals large-scale migration has been widely investigated, fine-scale movement responses to local variations in resources and predation risk remain much less studied, especially in savannah environments. we developed a novel approach based on complementary movement metrics (residence time, frequency of visits and regularity of visits) to relate movement patterns of a savannah grazer, the blue ... | 2015 | 25719494 |
| accelerated induction of etorphine immobilization in blue wildebeest (connochaetes taurinus) through the addition of hyaluronidase. | to study the effects of the addition of hyaluronidase (ha) to an etorphine/azaperone drug combination on induction times of immobilization. | 2015 | 24962404 |
| wet season range fidelity in a tropical migratory ungulate. | 1. in migratory populations, the degree of fidelity and dispersal among seasonal ranges is an important population process with consequences for demography, management, sensitivity to habitat change and adaptation to local environmental conditions. 2. characterizing patterns of range fidelity in ungulates, however, has remained challenging because of the difficulties of following large numbers of marked individuals across multiple migratory cycles and of identifying the appropriate scale of anal ... | 2012 | 22256947 |
| applying tribology to teeth of hoofed mammals. | mammals inhabit all types of environments and have evolved chewing systems capable of processing a huge variety of structurally diverse food components. surface textures of cheek teeth should thus reflect the mechanisms of wear as well as the functional traits involved. we employed surface textures parameters from iso/dis 25178 and scale-sensitive fractal analysis (ssfa) to quantify dental wear in herbivorous mammals at the level of an individual wear enamel facet. we evaluated cheek dentitions ... | 2011 | 20949615 |
| group formation stabilizes predator-prey dynamics. | theoretical ecology is largely founded on the principle of mass action, in which uncoordinated populations of predators and prey move in a random and well-mixed fashion across a featureless landscape. the conceptual core of this body of theory is the functional response, predicting the rate of prey consumption by individual predators as a function of predator and/or prey densities. this assumption is seriously violated in many ecosystems in which predators and/or prey form social groups. here we ... | 2007 | 17960242 |
| the need for integrative approaches to understand and conserve migratory ungulates. | over the last two centuries overhunting, anthropogenic barriers and habitat loss have disrupted many ungulate migrations. we review the literature on ungulate migration disruptions and find that for many species the disruption of migratory routes causes a rapid population collapse. previous research has focused on the proximal ecological factors that might favour migration, particularly spatiotemporal variation in resources and predation. however, this does not provide an adequate basis for unde ... | 2008 | 17897327 |
| identification and analysis of an alcelaphine herpesvirus 1 (ahv-1) cdna clone expressing a fusion protein recognized by ahv-1-neutralizing antisera. | rabbit antiserum to psoralen-inactivated alcelaphine herpesvirus 1 (ahv-1) virions was shown to react specifically with ahv-1-infected cells by indirect immunofluorescence. western blot analysis using this antiserum identified a 15-kd virion protein that was also detected in infected-cell proteins between 12 and 144 h p.i., and a 37-kd protein present in infected cells between 24 and 120 h p.i. a cdna library was constructed using mrna obtained from ahv-1-infected fetal mouflon sheep kidney (fms ... | 1995 | 7733826 |
| the relationships between soil factors, grass nutrients and the foraging behaviour of wildebeest and zebra. | we examined the relationships between soil factors, nutrients in grasses and foraging behaviour of wildebeest (connochaetes taurinus) and zebra (equus burchelli) in a semi-arid nature reserve in south africa. we tested the hypotheses that: (1) soil nutrient levels determine the abundance and distribution of grass species; (2) nutrient levels within grass species are correlated with soil nutrient levels; (3) the spatial distribution and diet composition of ungulates is influenced by the nutrient ... | 1992 | 28313531 |
| does competition regulate ungulate populations? further evidence from serengeti, tanzania. | changes in populations of several ungulate species in the serengeti-mara region of east africa over the past 30 years suggest several hypotheses for their regulation and coexistence. recent censuses in the 1980s have allowed us to test the hypotheses that: (1) there was competition between wildebeest (connochaetes taurinus) and thomson's gazelle (gazella thomsoni). this predicted that gazelle numbers should have declined in the 1980s when wildebeest were food limited. census figures show no chan ... | 1990 | 28312676 |
| does competition or facilitation regulate migrant ungulate populations in the serengeti? a test of hypotheses. | interspecific competition and facilitation have both been proposed as processes promoting species separation and co-existence in african ungulates. in one group of grazers on the serengeti plains, comprising wildebeest (connochaetes taurinus), zebra (equus burchelli), and thomson's gazelle (gazella thomsoni), these processes have also been suggested to regulate the populations. censuses of these populations over 20 years have shown changes that allow a test of which, if either, process regulates ... | 1982 | 28311742 |
| generation time and intrinsic rates of natural increase in wildebeeste (connochaetes taurinus albojubatus thomas). | | 1970 | 5465737 |
| three african antelope species with varying water dependencies exhibit similar selective brain cooling. | the use of selective brain cooling, where warm arterial blood destined for the brain is cooled in the carotid rete via counter-current heat exchange when in close proximity to cooler venous blood, contributes to the conservation of body water. we simultaneously measured carotid blood and hypothalamic temperature in four gemsbok, five red hartebeest and six blue wildebeest to assess the extent to which these free-living animals, with varying water dependency, routinely rely on selective brain coo ... | 2016 | 26920796 |
| molecular detection and characterization of theileria infecting wildebeest (connochaetes taurinus) in the maasai mara national reserve, kenya. | theileria is a genus of tick-borne protozoan that is globally widespread and infects nearly all ungulates in which they cause either latent infection or lethal disease. wild animals are considered reservoir hosts of many species of theileria and their diversity in wildlife species is increasingly becoming of interest. the molecular characterization and identification of theileria infecting wildlife has been studied in a few species including buffalo, which are considered reservoir host for theil ... | 2015 | 26295263 |
| seasonal and demographic factors influencing gastrointestinal parasitism in ungulates of etosha national park. | host-parasite dynamics can be strongly affected by seasonality and age-related host immune responses. we investigated how observed variation in the prevalence and intensity of parasite egg or oocyst shedding in four co-occurring ungulate species may reflect underlying seasonal variation in transmission and host immunity. this study was conducted july 2005-october 2006 in etosha national park, namibia, using indices of parasitism recorded from 1,022 fecal samples collected from plains zebra (equu ... | 2010 | 20966262 |
| plant compositional constituents affecting between-plant and animal species prediction of forage intake. | the purpose of the study was to identify plant compositional constituents that influence forage intake. emphasis was put on the ratio in vitro digestibility of organic matter (ivdom):ndf because preliminary work with cattle and a limited number of forages showed the ratio to account for more variation in intake than either ivdom or ndf alone. the compositional constituents were tested in intake prediction models using local and published data (n = 302) on grass pastures, silages, hays, straws, l ... | 1995 | 8567482 |
| phylogeography of three closely related african bovids (tribe alcelaphini). | the phylogeography of three species of african bovids, the hartebeest (alcelaphus buselaphus), the topi (damaliscus lunatus), and the wildebeest (connochaetes taurinus), is inferred from sequence variation of 345 sequences at the control region (d-loop) of the mtdna. the three species are closely related (tribe alcelaphini) and share similar habitat requirements. moreover, their former distribution extended over africa, as a probable result of the expansion of open grassland on the continent dur ... | 1999 | 10605114 |
| black wildebeest seek shade less and use solar orientation behavior more than do blue wildebeest. | many ungulates, including wildebeest, seek shade and orient their bodies relative to incoming solar radiation in order to reduce environmental heat loads. blue (connochaetes taurinus) and black wildebeest (connochaetes gnou), which co-exist artificially in some reserves in south africa, are thought to adopt different thermoregulatory behaviors to mitigate high environmental heat loads. however, whether or not blue and black wildebeest use different behaviors to reduce heat loads in regions where ... | 2014 | 25436964 |
| migratory herds of wildebeests and zebras indirectly affect calf survival of giraffes. | in long-distance migratory systems, local fluctuations in the predator-prey ratio can exhibit extreme variability within a single year depending upon the seasonal location of migratory species. such systems offer an opportunity to empirically investigate cyclic population density effects on short-term food web interactions by taking advantage of the large seasonal shifts in migratory prey biomass.we utilized a large-mammal predator-prey savanna food web to evaluate support for hypotheses relatin ... | 2016 | 28031792 |
| five species of coccidia (apicomplexa: eimeriidae), including four new species, identified in the feces of blue wildebeest (connochaetes taurinus) in mikumi national park, tanzania. | during october 2013, 112 fecal samples were collected from wild blue wildebeest ( connochaetes taurinus ) in mikumi national park, tanzania, and examined for coccidians. coccidia were present in 46% of samples, with wildebeest shedding 60 to 18,000 oocysts per gram feces (median, 300; mean, 1,236). five species, including 4 new species, were identified. oocysts of eimeria gorgonis from 18% of samples were ellipsoidal, 23 × 18.4 μm, with a length/width (l/w) ratio of 1.3, oocyst wall 1-1.5 μm thi ... | 2016 | 26654121 |
| large herbivores that strive mightily but eat and drink as friends. | grazing in patches of cynodon dactylon and of sporobolus spicatus by four large herbivores, and the interaction between these sedentary herbivores was studied in lake manyara national park, northern tanzania. the herbivores were the african buffalo, syncerus caffer; the african elephan, loxodonta africana; the burchell's zebra, equus burchelli; and the wildebeest, connochaetus taurinus. four different hypotheses of the interactions between the herbivores were tested, viz., increased predator det ... | 1990 | 28312674 |