| sterility in hybrid cattle. i. distribution of constitutive heterochromatin and nucleolus organizer regions in somatic and meiotic chromosomes. | the distribution of constitutive heterochromatin and nucleolus organizer regions (nor's) in somatic as well as in meiotic chromosomes of bos taurus, bos banteng, bison bison, and their hybrids are analyzed. c-bands are present in the centromeric regions of every autosome. the x chromosome does not show a distinct c-band in the centromeric region, whereas the y chromosome contains an appreciable amount of c-band material. in somatic metaphases, nor's are present on the telomeric ends of five pair ... | 1979 | 88307 |
| c- and g-banding patterns and chromosomal morphology of some breeds of australian cattle. | a cytogenetical study using metaphase chromosomes from cultured lymphocytes, was made of 2 banteng (bibos banteng) steers and 218 bulls representing 13 purebreeds (bos taurus type, bos indicus type and sanga) and 7 cross-breeds. studies were made of photographic karyotypes of giemsa stained and c-banded chromosomes of bulls of each breed and of b-banded chromosomes from 3 breeds of bos indicus and one cross-breed australian friesian sahiwal) cattle. the relative lengths of chromosomes of bos tau ... | 1979 | 94258 |
| y chromosome morphology of cattle. | metaphase chromosomes from cultured lymphocytes were prepared from 246 bulls including bos indicus, bos taurus. bos (bibos) banteng, sanga and interspecific and intra-specific breed crosses. morphology and karyotype position of the y chromosome for each bull were noted. karyotype position of the y chromosome varied between bulls from 25th to 29th pair and the y chromosomes of bos indicus and breeds derived from bos indicus bulls were acrocentric while those of bos taurus, sanga and breeds derive ... | 1979 | 543828 |
| haemoglobins in cattle and buffalo. haemoglobin types of bos taurus, bos indicus, bos banteng and bubalis bubalis in northern australia. | the frequency of haemoglobin types in several major breeds of cattle in northern austrailia was determined. in all boss taurus cattle examined only the three common bovine haemoglobin types (aa, ab, bb) were found. f2 africander cross-breeds showed only aa patterns. the frequency of haemoglobin b was significantly higher in bos indicus type cattle than in bos taurus breeds. in the pure breed banteng cattle (bos banteng) three genotypes (bb, cb, cc) were present. the eleven buffaloes types each s ... | 1978 | 751632 |
| [further studies on the sinus coronarius cordis, vena cordis media and arcus aortae as well as on the ductus (lig.) botalli in various mammalian hearts]. | this study supplements earlier works on the topography of the mammalian heart. the material comprises the hearts of 25 species, 12 of which have not been examined previously. the general morphology of the hearts is briefly dealt with. v. cava cranialis sinistra is preserved in phascolomys and macropus. it is presumably present in all ruminantia, where it has been reduced to the sinus coronarius cordis in perissodactyla. a particular emphasis is laid on the fact that the paired a. carotides and a ... | 1975 | 808440 |
| [the characteristics of the reproductive capacity of hybrids of banteng (bos (bibos) javanicus d'alton) with the domestic cow (bos (bos) primigenius taurus)]. | the hybrid progeny of f1 produced by crossing of banteng and domestic cow is characterized by absolute sterility of the male line and fertility of the female line. the crossbred males become fertile in further progenies while crossing cross-females with males of initial forms. successful use of inter-subgenetic hybrids of banteng and domestic cow in selection work is hindered by pathological deviations in their genitals structure as well as frequent deaths of the embryos and foetus in hybrid cow ... | 1992 | 1292161 |
| buffalo and bali cattle--exploiting their reproductive behaviour and physiology. | water buffalo (bubalus bubalis) and bali cattle (bos sondaicus) occupy production niches in much of the developing world's agricultural systems which in the developed world are occupied by bos indicus and bos taurus. both the former species are better-adapted to these environments and systems. both depend on population survival strategies different from each other's and from those of b. indicus and b. taurus. water buffalo rely on longevity and late sexual maturity, while bali cattle rely on hig ... | 1992 | 1304664 |
| evidence for a viral aetiology of jembrana disease in bali cattle. | jembrana disease is an acute infectious disease of bali cattle (bos javanicus) in indonesia. high titres of the infectious agent are present in plasma during the febrile phase of the disease. the size of the agent determined by membrane filtration was between 50 and 100 nm, indicating it is a virus and not a rickettsia as previously proposed. spherical virus-like particles of 75 to 130 nm diameter with a smooth membrane and frequently with an eccentric nucleoid were detected by electron microsco ... | 1992 | 1481364 |
| vascular lesions in lungs of bali cattle with jembrana disease. | jembrana disease is an acute infectious disease of unknown etiology enzootic among bali cattle (bos javanicus) in indonesia. morphologic examination of 75 female bali cattle between 18 months and 4 years old affected with jembrana disease consistently revealed pulmonary granulomatous vascular lesions. the lesions were diffusely distributed throughout the lung. the principal lesion was the presence of a large number of intravascular macrophages that filled the lumina of pulmonary veins and pulmon ... | 1992 | 1621332 |
| [bacterial studies on the occurrence of mycobacterium paratuberculosis in fecal samples of zoo ruminants]. | mycobacterium (m.) paratuberculosis was isolated from fecal samples of 3 (21.4%) from 14 mouflons, of 10 (20.4%) from 49 dwarf goats, of 5 (14.3%) from 35 cameroon sheep and of 1 (9.1%) from 11 alpine ibex. m. paratuberculosis could not found by cultural method in fecal samples of 22 pinzgauer goats, of 15 bantengs, of 9 wild goats, of 9 skuddens, of 6 four-horned sheep, of 3 red-head sheep, and of 1 chamois. from all 19 animals with cultural positive fecal samples complement binding antibodies ... | 1992 | 1622380 |
| studies on experimental jembrana disease in bali cattle. iii. pathology. | experimental infection of bali cattle (bos sondaicus) with blood from a case of jembrana disease caused a well-defined pathological response. the disease was generalized except for the central nervous system which did not show significant cellular reactive changes. following a general lymphoreticular reaction in the first week (phase 1), the predominant effect was an intense non-follicular proliferative response by reticulum (dendritic) cells and lymphoblastoid cells in lymphoid organs (phase 2) ... | 1991 | 1663137 |
| haemoglobin, serum albumin and transferrin variants of bali (banteng) cattle, bos (bibos) javanicus. | 1. individual blood samples from 144 bali (banteng) cattle [bos (bibos) javanicus] in the northern territory of australia and from 61 bali cross cattle, were examined by zone electrophoresis to determine the variants of haemoglobin, serum albumin and transferrin that are present. 2. of the common cattle haemoglobin variants (a and b) only variant b occurs in the bali cattle samples. a second variant, designated cbali, occurs in bali cattle either as the heterozygote (b cbali) or as the homozygot ... | 1990 | 2344736 |
| spermatogenesis in bali cattle (bos sondaicus) and hybrids with bos indicus and bos taurus. | semen quality, testis size and efficiency of sperm production in bali cattle (bos sondaicus) and hybrids with bos indicus and bos taurus were determined. mean (+/- sem) daily sperm production per gram of testis parenchyma (dspg) in six purebred bali bulls was 12.2 +/- 0.7 x 10(6). f1 b sondaicus cross b taurus bulls and f1 b sondaicus cross b indicus bulls were sterile. spermatogenesis was arrested at the late primary spermatocyte stage. in 11 b sondaicus cross b indicus crosses, mean dspg was l ... | 1990 | 2359880 |
| studies of experimental jembrana disease in bali cattle. i. transmission and persistence of the infectious agent in ruminants and pigs, and resistance of recovered cattle to re-infection. | the agent causing jembrana disease, an enzootic disease of bos javanicus (bali cattle) occurring in bali, indonesia, was shown to occur at high titres in the blood of animals during the febrile period of the disease and to persist in cattle for 25 months after clinical recovery. during the febrile period of the disease, most of the infectious agent appeared to be associated with the plasma fraction of whole blood. there was a linear relationship between the number of organisms inoculated into su ... | 1990 | 2394846 |
| studies on experimental jembrana disease in bali cattle. ii. clinical signs and haematological changes. | the clinical and haematological changes which occurred in 18 bali cattle (bos javanicus) experimentally infected with jembrana disease are described. the major clinical signs were an elevated rectal body temperature persisting for 7 days (range 5 to 12 days), lethargy, anorexia, enlargement of the superficial lymph nodes, a mild ocular and nasal discharge, diarrhoea with blood in the faeces and pallor of the mucous membranes. not all of these changes occurred in all affected cattle. the major ha ... | 1990 | 2394847 |
| the cycle of the seminiferous epithelium in bali cattle (bos sondaicus). | the duration of the cycle of the seminiferous epithelium in 5 mature bali bulls was 11.75 days (standard error of estimate 0.52 days). the relative frequencies of the stages of the cycle of the seminiferous epithelium (morphological classification) of bali cattle differed from other cattle and buffalo in that there were lower frequencies of stage 1 and 2 tubules, and higher frequencies of stage 3, 6 and 7 tubules. | 1989 | 2621702 |
| craniometrical estimation of the native japanese mishima cattle, using multivariate analysis. | the present study on measurement of the skull of mishima cattle, which has been postulated as the only pure representative breed of native japanese cattle, was performed using craniometrical multivariate analysis. the data of the skull of mishima cattle was compared with 17 breeds of cattle, i.e. korean cattle (hamhung, pyongyang, chinju suwon, and kwangju), mongolian cattle, hainan tao cattle, northeastern chinese cattle (shuangliao, shenyang, tongliao, lüta, and chilin), astatic water buffalo, ... | 1989 | 2764276 |
| bovine haemoglobin beta a zebu, beta a43(cd3)ser----thr: an intermediate globin type between the beta a and beta d zambia is present in indian zebu cattle. | two bovine haemoglobin beta chains, electrophoretically identical with the beta a chain of herefords, were obtained from ongole and banteng, bos javanicus, cattle. the amino acid residue differences of the two beta chains were compared by electrophoresis, cation-exchange and reverse-phase chromatography, amino acid analyses, and edman degradation in comparison with beta a chain. the results showed that two beta chains differed from the beta a chain of the hereford breed by the substitution of se ... | 1987 | 3662113 |
| levels of conservation and variation of heterochromatin and nucleolus organizers in the bovidae. | chromomycin a3 banding of the mitotic sets of 10 species of bovidae (cattle, wisent, yak, banteng, gaur, red buffalo, swamp buffalo, sheep, mufflon, and goat) serves to demarcate both centromeric constitutive heterochromatin and r-banding patterns capable of identifying all the chromosomes within a given complement. in all species significant amounts of chromomycin-bright heterochromatin are present at the centromeres of all autosomes, though there was a high degree of intra- and inter-individua ... | 1985 | 4092166 |
| observations on banteng cattle in sabah. | | 1974 | 4414876 |
| phylogenetical and ontogenetical studies on the molecular weight heterogeneity of bovine serum transferrin. | antitransferrin (tf) rabbit serum was highly specific: it reacted with tfs of ruminants, such as european breeds and zebu breeds of cattle, bali cattle, banteng, swamp and river types of water buffalo, anoa, goat, sheep, deer, antelope, camel, and giraffe, but did not react with serum of other non-ruminant species, such as pig, wild boar, hippopotamus, horse, rabbit, rat, chicken, etc. electrophoresis of tf and immunoglobulin g (igg) complexes was carried out using sodium dodecyl sulfate--polyac ... | 1984 | 6529442 |
| hemoglobin bali (bovine): beta a 18(bl)lys leads to his: one of the "missing links" between beta a and beta b of domestic cattle exists in the bali cattle (bovinae, box banteng). | the structure of the beta chain of adult bovine hemoglobin bali of the bali cattle was determined and compared to those of beta a, beta b, and other beta-chain variants of domestic cattle reported previously. the lysine residue at beta a18 was substituted by histidine in beta bali18. this change requires two base substitutions at the codon and is also found in beta b18. the beta b chain differs from the beta a chain at residue nos. 15, 18, and 119. it was concluded that a common ancestor of the ... | 1983 | 6626147 |
| transmission and virological studies of a malignant catarrhal fever syndrome in the indonesian swamp buffalo (bubalus bubalis). | a malignant catarrhal fever-like syndrome in indonesian swamp buffalo was experimentally transmitted to one of 2 bos indicus and 3 of 3 bos javanicus cattle by intravenous inoculation of 250 ml of citrated, whole blood from affected buffaloes. the 4 cattle developed clinical signs of disease on average 32.5 days after receiving the inoculation of blood. the 4 cattle died after a variable period of illness. none of a further 3 b. javanicus cattle inoculated intravenously with a spleen homogenate ... | 1984 | 6743150 |
| bovine beta-lactoglobulin e, f and g bali (banteng) cattle, bos (bibos) javanicus. | | 1981 | 7025822 |
| experimental reproduction of malignant catarrhal fever in bali cattle (bos sondaicus) | | 1982 | 7126067 |
| bovine alpha-lactalbumin c and alpha s1-, beta- and kappa-caseins of bali (banteng) cattle, bos (bibos) javanicus. | an electrophoretic examination is made of mild samples taken from eight bali (banteng) cattle, bos (bibos) javanicus, at beatrice hills, northern territory, australia. starch-gel electrophoresis at ph 9.5 (naoh-h3bo3 buffer) and filter-paper electrophoresis at ph 8.6 (diethylbarbiturate buffer) indicate that all samples contain a new alpha-lactalbumin variant, designated alpha-lactalbumin c. the order of mobility for bovine variants is / greater than b greater than c. the c variant differs from ... | 1981 | 7283875 |
| measurements of the skull of native cattle and banteng in indonesia. | | 1981 | 7343696 |
| endemic malignant catarrhal fever at the san diego wild animal park. | malignant catarrhal fever was diagnosed in an indian gaur (bos gaurus gaurus), a barasingha deer, (cervus duvauceli duvauceli), and four javan banteng (bos javanicus javanicus) at the san diego wild animal park between july, 1976 and january, 1979. three of the four banteng lived adjacent to an exhibit in which wildebeast were born at 29.68 and 82 days prior to the banteng's deaths. the disease was characterized by pyrexia, conjunctivitis, diarrhea, dyspnea and rhinitis. mortality was 100%. post ... | 1980 | 7411750 |
| the transmission of jembrana disease, a lentivirus disease of bos javanicus cattle. | methods of transmission of jembrana disease, an acute and severe disease of bali cattle (bos javanicus) caused by a recently-identified bovine lentivirus known as jembrana disease virus, are described. during the acute disease virus can be detected in saliva and milk. there is evidence of direct transmission from acutely affected animals in close contact with susceptible cattle, possibly by virus in these secretions infecting cattle by the conjunctival, intranasal or oral routes, by which it was ... | 1995 | 7589275 |
| species differences in the reaction of cattle to jembrana disease virus infection. | jembrana disease virus (jdv), a recently identified bovine lentivirus, causes an acute and severe disease in bali cattle (bos javanicus). clinical jembrana disease has not been reported in other types of cattle and this has led to the belief that the disease is unique to bali cattle. this study showed, however, that other types were also susceptible. infection of friesian (bos taurus) and crossbred bali (bos javanicus x bos indicus) cattle induced clinical changes and lesions consistent with tho ... | 1995 | 7593761 |
| characteristics of a retrovirus associated with jembrana disease in bali cattle. | a virus causing jembrana disease in bali cattle (bos javanicus) was demonstrated to have characteristics of a retrovirus. reverse transcriptase activity was detected in virus purified by sucrose gradient centrifugation. electron microscopic examination of tissue from the affected cattle indicated that the virus matured by c-type budding through the plasma membrane and into intracytoplasmic vacuoles of cells in lymphoid tissue, with the formation of circular enveloped virus particles ranging in d ... | 1993 | 7690840 |
| immunopathology of experimental jembrana disease in bali cattle. | sequential immunohistochemical studies of the lymphoreticular responses of bali cattle (bos javanicus syn. bos sondaicus) after inoculation with the jembrana disease virus were carried out using the peroxidase-antiperoxidase test for immunoglobulin containing cell assessment and the indirect immunoperoxidase test for lymphocyte subset assessment. the prevalence of immunoglobulin g-containing cells declined during the acute phase of the disease but became significantly elevated during convalescen ... | 1994 | 7725629 |
| pcr detection of ovine herpesvirus-2 dna in indonesian ruminants--normal sheep and clinical cases of malignant catarrhal fever. | malignant catarrhal fever (mcf), a fatal viral disease of cattle and other large ruminants, has a worldwide distribution. there are two forms of the disease, one of which, is caused by alcelaphine herpesvirus-1 (ahv-1) and is derived from wildebeest. the other form is associated with domestic sheep and is caused by ovine herpesvirus-2 (ohv-2). the disease in indonesia is sheep-associated with the preferred livestock of this area, balinese cattle (bos javanicus) and water buffalo (bubalus bubalis ... | 1994 | 7839584 |
| genomic sequence analysis identifies jembrana disease virus as a new bovine lentivirus. | jembrana disease virus, the cause of an acute, severe disease in bali (bos javanicus) cattle in indonesia was recently identified as a retrovirus, and possibly a lentivirus. we have produced sequence data representing 598 bp of the pol gene, amplified by pcr from viral cdna using broadly reactive universal primers for retroviruses and more specific genus-reactive primers for lentiviruses. when the sequence data were compared with that of known lentiviruses and other bovine retroviruses, the clos ... | 1995 | 7844531 |
| distribution of jembrana disease in cattle in indonesia. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was used to detect antibodies to jembrana disease virus in sera of cattle in indonesia. antibodies were detected in cattle from bali island and some districts of lampung (sumatra), west sumatra and east java provinces but not in other areas of indonesia. clinical jembrana disease or jembrana-like diseases have been reported to occur in bali cattle (bos javanicus) in all four areas where antibody was detected and not in the other areas where antibody w ... | 1993 | 8128600 |
| on the morphological diagnostics and host specificity of the sarcocystis species of some domesticated and wild bovini (cattle, banteng and bison). | sarcocysts of sarcocystis cruzi, s. hominis and s. hirsuta were described and compared by means of light (lm) and transmission electron microscopy (tem) from cattle, bantengs (born in a zoo) and bisons (born in zoo). no morphological differences were observed in the three forms of sarcocysts from each of the three host species. the morphological criteria of the three species were discussed and, partly, newly defined. s. cruzi can easily be distinguished from the other two species. it shows 6-13 ... | 1995 | 8541889 |
| recent advances in the understanding of jembrana disease. | jembrana disease is a severe and acute clinical disease in bali (bos javanicus) cattle with a case fatality rate of about 20%, and a mild sometimes subclinical disease in other cattle types and buffalo. the aetiological agent has been identified as a lentivirus, designated as jembrana disease virus (jdv). preliminary sequence analysis has confirmed the identity of jdv as a lentivirus and has shown that it is distinguishable from biv. there is antigenic cross-reactivity between the capsid protein ... | 1995 | 8545963 |
| [variability of satellite dna ii and iv in cattle, various representatives of the subfamily bovinae and their hybrids]. | polymorphism of satellite dna ii and iv was studied in bos taurus by means of southern blotting and dot hybridization. of primary interest is the absence of restriction fragment length polymorphism at the individual and interbreed levels. differences in the content of satellite ii in the genome are demonstrated for animals of the kholmogorskaya and yakutian breeds. the specific features of satellite iv organization in the bison, banteng and yak are revealed, allowing the use of the satellite as ... | 1996 | 9026464 |
| nucleotide sequence analysis of jembrana disease virus: a bovine lentivirus associated with an acute disease syndrome. | the complete nucleotide sequence of the rna genome of jembrana disease virus (jdv), a lentivirus that causes an acute disease syndrome in bali cattle (bos javanicus), is reported. in addition to the gag, pol and env genes and flanking long terminal repeats (ltrs) that characterize all retroviruses, a number of accessory genes represented by small multiply spliced orfs in the central and 3'-terminal regions of the genome, including tat and rev that are typical of lentiviruses, were identified. th ... | 1995 | 9049370 |
| genetic characterization of the bovine leukaemia inhibitory factor (lif) gene: isolation and sequencing, chromosome assignment and microsatellite analysis. | the bovine leukaemia inhibitory factor was isolated from a phage library and sequences for the gene, in addition to 1213 bp of 5' and 432 bp of 3' sequences, were obtained and compared with other mammalian leukaemia inhibitory factor genes. comparisons indicated amino acid homologies ranging from 89.6% to 77.2% with the human and mouse homologues, respectively. analysis of 500 bp of 5' regulatory regions indicated homologies ranging from 83.6% to 74.4% with the corresponding human and sheep sequ ... | 1997 | 9124702 |
| phylogenetic relationship among all living species of the genus bubalus based on dna sequences of the cytochrome b gene. | the cytochrome b genes of all living species of bubalus, including the river type and the swamp type of domestic buffaloes (bubalus bubalis), were sequenced to clarify their phylogenetic relationships. these sequences were compared together with the african buffalo (syncerus caffer) and banteng (bos javanicus) sequences as an outgroup. phylogenetic trees of bubalus species based on the dna sequences of the cytochrome b gene demonstrated that the tamaraw (bubalus mindorensis), endemic to the phil ... | 1996 | 9126673 |
| recombinant jembrana disease virus proteins as antigens for the detection of antibody to bovine lentiviruses. | jembrana disease virus (jdv) is a recently identified bovine lentivirus causing an acute severe disease syndrome in banteng cattle (bos javanicus) and a milder disease syndrome in bos taurus cattle in indonesia. the virus is closely related genetically to the previously identified bovine lentivirus, bovine immunodeficiency virus (biv). recombinant clones were produced which contained the capsid (ca) and transmembrane (tm) subunits of the respective gag and env open reading frames of jdv. the pro ... | 1998 | 9763127 |
| [malignant catarrhal fever in zoo ruminants]. | an outbreak of malignant catarrhal fever (mcf) in indian gauer (bos gaurus gaurus) and javan banteng (bos javanicus javanicus) occurred in the year 1964 and killed almost all animals of the groups of these species kept at the munich zoo at that time. in the consecutive years at highly irregular intervals cases of the head-and-eye-form of mcf occurred sporadically at the zoo in european and american bison (bison bonasus, b. bison' bison, b. bison athabascae), elk (alces alces), red deer (cervus e ... | 1998 | 9810608 |
| [dna-fingerprinting of representatives of bovinae subfamilies using the telomere markers (ttaggg)4]. | the (ttaggg)4 oligonucleotide homologous to telomeric tandem repeats of human chromosomes was used for the first time as a multilocus hybridization probe for the analysis of genome variability in the two genera (bos and bison) of the bovinae subfamily. dna profiles for cattle, banteng, aurochs, and bison were obtained. hybridization spectra were represented by the discrete individual- and species-specific bands characterized by codominant inheritance. for comparison, dna profiles of the same sam ... | 1999 | 10330618 |
| evidence for immunosuppression associated with jembrana disease virus infection of cattle. | jembrana disease virus (jdv) is a newly recognised bovine lentivirus causing an acute disease syndrome in bali cattle (bos javanicus) in indonesia. we evaluated the effect of jdv infection on the antibody response to chicken ovalbumin (cova) and brucella abortus strain 19 in bali cattle. in infected cattle the igg and igm response to cova was suppressed and delayed and the igg response to b. abortus strain 19 was delayed. the results indicate that the humoral immune response is suppressed and de ... | 1999 | 10501175 |
| a molecular cytogenetic analysis of the tribe bovini (artiodactyla: bovidae: bovinae) with an emphasis on sex chromosome morphology and nor distribution. | q-band comparisons were made among representative species of the four genera of the tribe bovini (bos, bison, bubalus, syncerus) as well as to selected outgroup taxa representing the remaining two tribes of the subfamily bovinae (nilgai, boselaphini; eland, tragelphini), the bovidae subfamily caprinae (domestic sheep) and the family cervidae (sika deer and white-tailed deer). extensive autosomal arm homologies were noted, but relatively few derivative character states were shared. focus was then ... | 1999 | 10560971 |
| heterologous fertilization to characterize spermatozoa of the genus bos. | advances in assisted reproductive techniques, specifically, development of protocols for production of in vitro matured, fertilized and cultured domestic bovine embryos, offer opportunities to apply these techniques to nondomestic bovidae in species preservation. domestic bovine oocytes were inseminated with nondomestic bovine spermatozoa. effects of heparin concentration, sperm concentration and their interaction on total and normal in vitro fertilization rates and on subsequent embryo developm ... | 1998 | 10734485 |
| response of bali cattle (bos javanicus) to vaccination with brucella abortus strain 19 in west timor. | a trial was conducted in two villages (one containing cattle infected with brucellosis and one not containing infected cattle) in timor, indonesia to determine the serological response to vaccination with brucella abortus strain 19 in bali cattle (bos javanicus) (n = 599). mature female cattle were immunised with low-dose strain 19 (2x10(8)-6x10(8) colony forming units) and calves (6-12 months) with high-dose strain 19 (4x10(10)-12x10(10) colony forming units). other mature females and calves we ... | 2000 | 11058778 |
| the induction of a protective immunity against jembrana disease in cattle by vaccination with inactivated tissue-derived virus antigens. | the ability to induce a protective immunity against jembrana disease, an acute lentivirus disease of bali cattle (bos javanicus) present in indonesia, was investigated. a protective immune response was induced in cattle by vaccination with virus-containing plasma and spleen tissue derived from acutely affected cattle. the virus was inactivated with triton x-100 and emulsified in either incomplete freund's adjuvant or a mineral oil adjuvant (moa). the vaccination procedure suppressed the duration ... | 2001 | 11182155 |
| development of disabled, replication-defective gene transfer vectors from the jembrana disease virus, a new infectious agent of cattle. | jembrana disease virus (jdv) is a newly isolated and characterised bovine lentivirus. it causes an acute disease in bali cattle (bos javanicus), which can be readily transmitted to susceptible cattle with 17% mortality. there is as yet no treatment or preventive vaccine. we have developed a gene transfer vector system based on jdv that has three components. the first of the components is a bicistronic transfer vector plasmid that was constructed to contain cis-sequences from the jdv genome, incl ... | 2001 | 11278119 |
| phylogeny of bovine species based on aflp fingerprinting. | the bovini species comprise both domestic and wild cattle species. published phylogenies of this tribe based on mitochondrial dna contain anomalies, while nuclear sequences show only low variation. we have used amplified fragment length polymorphism (aflp) fingerprinting in order to detect variation in loci distributed over the nuclear genome. computer-assisted scoring of electrophoretic fingerprinting patterns yielded 361 markers, which provided sufficient redundancy to suppress stochastic effe ... | 2002 | 11813106 |
| [dna fingerprinting of individual species and intergeneric and interspecific hybrids of genera bos and bison, subfamily bovinae]. | genome fingerprinting with a hypervariable minisatellite sequence of phage m13 dna was used to study the genetic variation in individual species of the genera bos and bison (subfamily bovinae) and in their interspecific and intergeneric hybrids. dna fingerprints were obtained for domestic cow bos taurus primigenius, vatussy bos taurus macroceros, banteng bos javanicus, gaur bos gaurus, wisent bison bonasus, bison bison bison, and for the interspecific and intergeneric hybrids. compared with the ... | 2002 | 12018169 |
| birth of a banteng (bos javanicus) calf at western plains zoo after fixed time artificial insemination. | | 2002 | 12180890 |
| hybridization of banteng (bos javanicus) and zebu (bos indicus) revealed by mitochondrial dna, satellite dna, aflp and microsatellites. | hybridization between wild and domestic bovine species occurs worldwide either spontaneously or by organized crossing. we have analysed hybridization of banteng (bos javanicus) and zebu (bos indicus) in south-east asian cattle using mitochondrial dna (pcr-rflp and sequencing), aflp, satellite fragment length polymorphisms (sflp or pcr-rflp of satellite dna) and microsatellite genotyping. the indonesian madura zebu breed is reputed to be of hybrid zebu-banteng origin, but this has never been docu ... | 2003 | 12522420 |
| paternally inherited markers in bovine hybrid populations. | the genetic integrity of crossfertile bovine- or cattle-like species may be endangered by species hybridization. previously, amplified fragment length polymorphism, satellite fragment length polymorphism and microsatellite assays have been used to analyze the species composition of nuclear dna in taurine cattle, zebu, banteng and bison populations, while mitochondrial dna reveals the origin of the maternal lineages. here, we describe species-specific markers of the paternally transmitted y-chrom ... | 2003 | 14508501 |
| maternal and paternal lineages in cross-breeding bovine species. has wisent a hybrid origin? | the tribe bovini comprises cattle and cattle-like species. reconstructions of their phylogeny have so far been incomplete and have yielded conflicting conclusions about the relationship of american bison and wisent (european bison). we have compared the sequences of three mitochondrial and two y-chromosomal dna segments. mitochondrial dna indicates that four distinct maternal lineages diverged after an early split-off of the buffalo species, leading to (1) taurine cattle and zebu, (2) wisent, (3 ... | 2004 | 14739241 |
| absolute configuration of a hydroxyfuranoid acid from the pelage of the genus bos, 18-(6s,9r,10r)-bovidic acid. | pelage extracts of the banteng (bos javanicus), the domestic cattle (b. taurus), the gaur (b. frontalis), and the yak (b. grunniens) were investigated by fabms and nmr. an 18-carbon hydroxyfuranoid acid, 1 (10-hydroxy-6,9-oxidooctadecanoic acid), first reported from the wool of the domestic sheep (ovis aries) was confirmed in b. frontalis; we suspend judgment on the occurrence of this compound in the other species we examined. the stereochemistry of 1, determined by mosher nmr and cd tweezer met ... | 2004 | 15332870 |
| molecular phylogeny of the tribe bovini (bovidae, bovinae) and the taxonomic status of the kouprey, bos sauveli urbain 1937. | the kouprey is a very rare bovid species of the indochinese peninsula, and no living specimen has been described for a long time, suggesting that it is possibly extinct. its systematic position within the tribe bovini remains confused since the analyses of morphological characters have led to several conflicting hypotheses. some authors have also suggested that it could be a hybrid species produced by the crossing of the banteng with gaur, zebu, or water buffalo. here we performed a molecular ph ... | 2004 | 15522811 |
| banteng (bos javanicus) embryos and pregnancies produced by interspecies nuclear transfer. | the banteng (bos javanicus), a member of the bovidae family, is currently listed as threatened by the iucn red list and it is estimated the total world population is <10,000 animals. in exotic or endangered species, the lack of oocytes and recipients precludes the use of traditional somatic cell nuclear transfer (nt), and an approach such as interspecies nt may be the only alternative to produce embryos and offspring. a total of 348 enucleated domestic bovine oocytes were reconstructed with eith ... | 2005 | 15710195 |
| close genetic relationship of early neolithic cattle from ziegelberg (freising, germany) with modern breeds. | in 2003 a variety of crafts and bone specimens were found during excavations of a neolithic settlement near freising, the southernmost site of the linear pottery culture in bavaria. six cattle bones were used to extract ancient dna (adna). applying nested and touchdown pcr, two fragments of the mitochondrial (mt) dna control region could be amplified from specimen 533/iii which yielded a total of 230 base pairs (bp). the sequence was compared with the homologous part of 40 extant breeds of bos t ... | 2005 | 16130455 |
| chemical immobilisation of wild banteng (bos javanicus) in northern australia using detomidine, tiletamine and zolazepam. | | 2005 | 16255285 |
| managing an endangered asian bovid in an australian national park: the role and limitations of ecological-economic models in decision-making. | should north australia's extensive populations of feral animals be eradicated for conservation, or exploited as a rare opportunity for indigenous enterprise in remote regions? we examine options for a herd of banteng, a cattle species endangered in its native asian range but abundant in garig gunak barlu national park, an aboriginal land managed jointly by traditional owners and a conservation agency in the northern territory of australia. we reflect on the paradoxes that arise when trying to de ... | 2006 | 16736298 |
| conservation value of non-native banteng in northern australia. | the global species extinction crisis has provided the impetus for elaborate translocation, captive breeding, and cloning programs, but more extreme actions may be necessary. we used mitochondrial dna, y-chromosome, and nuclear lactoferrin-encoding gene sequencing to identify a wild population of a pure-strain endangered bovid (bos javanicus) introduced into northern australia over 150 years ago. this places the australian population in a different conservation category relative to its domesticat ... | 2006 | 16922247 |
| sequence analysis of jembrana disease virus strains reveals a genetically stable lentivirus. | jembrana disease virus (jdv) is a lentivirus associated with an acute disease syndrome with a 20% case fatality rate in bos javanicus (bali cattle) in indonesia, occurring after a short incubation period and with no recurrence of the disease after recovery. partial regions of gag and pol and the entire env were examined for sequence variation in dna samples from cases of jembrana disease obtained from bali, sumatra and south kalimantan in indonesian borneo. a high level of nucleotide conservatio ... | 2007 | 17433486 |
| low genetic diversity in the bottlenecked population of endangered non-native banteng in northern australia. | undomesticated (wild) banteng are endangered in their native habitats in southeast asia. a potential conservation resource for the species is a large, wild population in garig gunak barlu national park in northern australia, descended from 20 individuals that were released from a failed british outpost in 1849. because of the founding bottleneck, we determined the level of genetic diversity in four subpopulations in the national park using 12 microsatellite loci, and compared this to the genetic ... | 2007 | 17614913 |
| resolving a zoological mystery: the kouprey is a real species. | the kouprey is a rare and enigmatic forest ox discovered by scientists in cambodia only in 1937. numerous morphological hypotheses have been proposed for the origin of the kouprey: that it is a species closely related to banteng and gaur, two other wild oxen of southeast asia; a morphologically divergent species placed in a separate genus, named novibos; a wild species linked to aurochs and domestic cattle; a vicariant population of banteng; a feral cattle; or a hybrid of banteng with either zeb ... | 2007 | 17848372 |
| analysis of jembrana disease virus mrna transcripts produced during acute infection demonstrates a complex transcription pattern. | jembrana disease virus (jdv) is an unusual bovine lentivirus that causes an acute disease syndrome with a 20% case fatality rate after a short incubation period in bos javanicus (bali cattle) in indonesia. analysis of tat mrna transcription patterns has identified up to six differently spliced transcripts indicating that, in common with other lentiviruses, jdv uses a complex splicing pattern. rt-pcr analysis of mrna transcripts produced during the acute phase of infection with jdv(tab/87) reveal ... | 2008 | 18466992 |
| short communication: new alleles of the bovine kappa-casein gene revealed by resequencing and haplotype inference analysis. | we tested the hypothesis that extensive undiscovered genetic diversity exists in important functional genes from domestic and wild cattle species (bos spp.). we resequenced 483 bp of a key exon (exon iv) from the kappa (kappa)-casein gene (csn3) for a panel of samples of domestic cattle from 8 countries and a close relative species, the gayal (bos frontalis). six single nucleotide polymorphisms were identified. haplotype inference revealed 12 haplotypes, of which 8 were newly discovered. among t ... | 2008 | 18765626 |
| chromosome evolution in the subtribe bovina (mammalia, bovidae): the karyotype of the cambodian banteng (bos javanicus birmanicus) suggests that robertsonian translocations are related to interspecific hybridization. | three subspecies of banteng (bos javanicus) have been described: b. j. javanicus in java, b. j. lowi in borneo, and b. j. birmanicus in cambodia, lao pdr, myanmar, thailand and vietnam. in this paper we provide the first description of the karyotype of the cambodian banteng. the chromosomal complement of b. j. birmanicus differs from that of b. j. javanicus, which was previously found to be similar to that of cattle, bos taurus (2n = 60). the cambodian banteng karyotype has a diploid number of 2 ... | 2008 | 18937038 |
| in vitro production of cattlexbuffalo hybrid embryos using cattle oocytes and african buffalo (syncerus caffer caffer) epididymal sperm. | interspecies hybridization of bovids occurs between domestic cattle and at least three other species; american bison (bison bison), yak (bos grunniens) and banteng (bos banteng). birth of a cattlexbuffalo (bubalus bubalis) hybrid has reportedly occurred in russia and in china, but these reports were not authenticated. such hybrids could be important in improving livestock production and management of diseases that impede production in tropical africa. this study investigated hybridization betwee ... | 2009 | 19118889 |
| more efficient mastication allows increasing intake without compromising digestibility or necessitating a larger gut: comparative feeding trials in banteng (bos javanicus) and pygmy hippopotamus (hexaprotodon liberiensis). | the digestion of plant material in mammalian herbivores basically depends on the chemical and structural composition of the diet, the mean particle size to which the forage is processed, and the ingesta retention time. these different factors can be influenced by the animal, and they can presumably compensate for each other. the pygmy hippopotamus, a non-ruminating foregut fermenter, has longer mean retention times than ruminants; however hippos do not achieve higher (fibre) digestibilities on c ... | 2009 | 19135544 |
| species identification, molecular sexing and genotyping using non-invasive approaches in two wild bovids species: bos gaurus and bos javanicus. | since the second indochina war, habitat destruction and overhunting has resulted in fragmentation of the remaining populations of bos javanicus and b. gaurus. nowadays, both species are in serious danger, especially the gaur. in vietnam, where these species have become almost impossible to capture in the wild, non-invasive investigations are the only feasible approach to obtain data on populations. however, non-invasive derived dna, especially in tropical areas, is usually characterized by low c ... | 2009 | 19367625 |
| phylogenetic reconstruction and the identification of ancient polymorphism in the bovini tribe (bovidae, bovinae). | the bovinae subfamily incorporates an array of antelope, buffalo and cattle species. all of the members of this subfamily have diverged recently. not surprisingly, a number of phylogenetic studies from molecular and morphological data have resulted in ambiguous trees and relationships amongst species, especially for yak and bison species. a partial phylogenetic reconstruction of 13 extant members of the bovini tribe (bovidae, bovinae) from 15 complete or partially sequenced autosomal genes is pr ... | 2009 | 19393045 |
| an examination of positive selection and changing effective population size in angus and holstein cattle populations (bos taurus) using a high density snp genotyping platform and the contribution of ancient polymorphism to genomic diversity in domestic cattle. | identifying recent positive selection signatures in domesticated animals could provide information on genome response to strong directional selection from domestication and artificial selection. with the completion of the cattle genome, private companies are now providing large numbers of polymorphic markers for probing variation in domestic cattle (bos taurus). we analysed over 7,500 polymorphic single nucleotide polymorphisms (snp) in beef (angus) and dairy (holstein) cattle and outgroup speci ... | 2009 | 19393053 |
| on the origin of indonesian cattle. | two bovine species contribute to the indonesian livestock, zebu (bos indicus) and banteng (bos javanicus), respectively. although male hybrid offspring of these species is not fertile, indonesian cattle breeds are supposed to be of mixed species origin. however, this has not been documented and is so far only supported by preliminary molecular analysis. | 2009 | 19436739 |
| seroprevalence of antibodies to neospora caninum in bos javanicus ('bali cattle') from indonesia. | a cross-sectional survey was performed to obtain first information on the presence of neospora caninum infection in bos javanicus ('bali cattle'), the predominant beef cattle in the eastern islands of indonesia. serum samples were collected from 438 bali cattle of two age classes (<2 years, >2 years) and both genders at three slaughterhouses in the bali island, and examined for n. caninum-specific antibodies using native ncsrs2 (p38 antigen) as an elisa antigen. the estimated overall seroprevale ... | 2010 | 19533406 |
| bovine immunodeficiency virus produces a transient viraemic phase soon after infection in bos javanicus. | infection of bali cattle (bos javanicus) in indonesia with a non-pathogenic bovine lentivirus similar to bovine immunodeficiency virus (biv) is suspected but efforts to detect the virus have been unsuccessful. to define the kinetics of biv infection in bali cattle, 13 were infected with the r-29 strain of biv and monitored for 60 days. no clinical effects were detected. proviral dna was detected in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 4 to 60 days with peak titres 20 days post-infection (dpi) ... | 2010 | 19766411 |
| prior bovine immunodeficiency virus infection does not inhibit subsequent superinfection by the acutely pathogenic jembrana disease virus. | in cattle the interaction between the two genetically and antigenically related bovine lentiviruses, the acutely pathogenic jembrana disease virus (jdv) and the non-pathogenic bovine immunodeficiency virus (biv) has not been reported although both jdv and a biv-like virus have been reported in the bali cattle (bos javanicus) population in indonesia. the outcome of infection of bali cattle with the r29 strain of biv prior to superinfection 42 days later with jdv(tab/87) was determined. all biv-in ... | 2010 | 20570311 |
| serum concentrations of insulin-like growth factor-i and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-2 and -3 in eight hoofstock species. | the somatotropic axis, which includes growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor (igf)-i, and igf binding proteins (igfbp), is involved in the regulation of growth and metabolism. measures of the somatotropic axis can be predictive of nutritional status and growth rate that can be utilized to identify nutritional status of individual animals. before the somatotropic axis can be a predictive tool, concentrations of hormones of the somatotropic axis need to be established in healthy individuals. t ... | 2010 | 20853408 |
| polymorphisms in the bovine hemoglobin-beta gene provide evidence for gene-flow between wild species of bos (bibos) and domestic cattle in southeast asia. | the electrophoretic variation in bovine hemoglobin-beta (hbb) is one of the most investigated genetic markers. the presence of a unique hbb variant, hbb(x), in southeast asian cattle has been reputed as a sign of gene-flow from wild bovine species. in this study, we analyzed the dna sequences of hbb genes in domestic and wild bovine species to verify this belief. isoelectric focusing of hbb chain revealed that the hbb(x) in domestic cattle had dimorphism and was separated into hbb(x1) and hbb(x2 ... | 2010 | 21269357 |
| the origin of indonesian cattle and conservation genetics of the bali cattle breed. | both bos indicus (zebu) and bos javanicus (banteng) contribute to the indonesian indigenous livestock, which is supposedly of a mixed species origin, not by direct breeding but by secondary cross-breeding. here, the analysis of mitochondrial, y-chromosomal and microsatellite dna showed banteng introgression of 10-16% in indonesian zebu breeds with east-javanese madura and galekan cattle having higher levels of autosomal banteng introgression (20-30%) and combine a zebu paternal lineage with a pr ... | 2012 | 22212207 |
| a snp in intron 8 of cd46 causes a novel transcript associated with mastitis in holsteins. | the membrane protein cd46, a ubiquitous cell surface pathogen receptor, can bind streptococcus to trigger cell autophagy, which is a critical step in the control of infection. | 2014 | 25070150 |
| bovine immunodeficiency virus: a lentiviral infection. | the bovine immunodeficiency virus (biv) is a lentivirus which is known to infect cattle worldwide. though serological and genomic evidence of biv in cattle has been found throughout the world, isolation of the virus has been reported only from few places. very little is known about its impact on animal health status, pathogenesis and mode of transmission. biv is considered generally non-pathogenic and is not known to cause any serious disease in cattle. biv is genetically and antigenically relat ... | 2013 | 24426295 |
| use of reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification combined with lateral flow dipstick for an easy and rapid detection of jembrana disease virus. | jembrana disease virus (jdv) is a viral pathogen that causes jembrana disease in bali cattle (bos javanicus) with high mortality rate. an easy and rapid diagnostic method is essential for further control this disease. we used a reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (rt-lamp) combined with lateral flow dipstick (lfd), based on conserved tm subunit of jembrana disease virus env gene. the rt-lamp conditions were optimized by varying the concentration of mgso4, betaine, dntp, ... | 2015 | 26396986 |
| flow cytometric analysis of lymphocyte subset kinetics in bali cattle experimentally infected with jembrana disease virus. | jembrana disease virus (jdv) is an unusual bovine lentivirus that causes an acute and sometimes fatal disease after a short incubation period in bali cattle (bos javanicus). the pathological changes occur primarily in lymphoid tissues, which feature proliferating lymphoblastoid-like cells predominantly throughout parafollicular (t-cell) areas, and atrophy of follicles (b-cell) areas. five bali cattle were experimentally infected with jdv and all developed typical clinical signs of jembrana disea ... | 2012 | 22776774 |
| an acute multispecies episode of sheep-associated malignant catarrhal fever in captive wild animals in an italian zoo. | in july 2011, in a zoological garden in rome, italy, malignant catarrhal fever (mcf), a fatal, systemic disease of artiodactyla, was suspected on the basis of neurological signs and gross lesions observed in a banteng, the first animal to die of this infection. an mcf type-specific pcr with subsequent sequencing of the pcr amplicon confirmed the aetiological agent as ovine herpesvirus-2 (ovhv-2). biological samples were collected from the dead animals for gross, histological, bacteriological, vi ... | 2016 | 25598396 |
| the arteries of brain base in species of bovini tribe. | studies were conducted on 78 preparations of head and brain arteries in four species of bos genus, that is in domestic cattle (n = 59), including 22 foetuses (crl 36.5-78.5 cm), in banteng (bos javanicus, n = 3), yak (bos mutus f. grunniens, n = 2), american bison (bison bison, n = 4), and european bison (bison bonasus, n = 10). the comparative analysis permitted to demonstrate a similar pattern of brain base arteries in the studied animals. in the studied species, blood vessels of the arterial ... | 2013 | 24106047 |
| immunocontraception of captive exotic species: v. prolonged antibody titers in dall sheep (ovis dalli dalli) and domestic goats (capra hircus) immunized with porcine zona pellucida. | native porcine zona pellucida (pzp) immunocontraception has been used to inhibit fertility in more than 80 species of ungulates, although the duration of contraception efficacy varies among species in both perissodactyla and artiodactyla. this study examined anti-pzp antibody titers in dall sheep and domestic goats at the milwaukee county zoo, and also himalayan tahr and armenian mouflon sheep at the san diego zoo safari park, and, for comparison, altai wapiti, lowland wisent, javan banteng, and ... | 2013 | 24437081 |
| species identification of malayan gaur, kedah-kelantan and bali cattle using polymerase chain reaction-restricted fragment length polymorphism. | mitochondrial dna (mtdna) is a useful genetic marker that can be used for species identification. the cytochrome b (cyt b) gene is a suitable mtdna candidate gene for use in phylogenetic analyses due to its sequence variability, which makes it appropriate for comparisons at the subspecies, species, and genus levels. this study was conducted to develop a rapid molecular method for species identification of malayan gaur (bos gaurus hubbacki), kedah-kelantan (kk) (bos indicus), and bali (bos javani ... | 2014 | 24535867 |
| the molecular phylogenetic signature of bali cattle revealed by maternal and paternal markers. | bali cattle is a domestic cattle breed that can be found in malaysia. it is a domestic cattle that was purely derived from a domestication event in banteng (bos javanicus) around 3,500 bc in indonesia. this research was conducted to portray the phylogenetic relationships of the bali cattle with other cattle species in malaysia based on maternal and paternal lineage. we analyzed the cytochrome c oxidase i (coi) mitochondrial gene and sry of y chromosome obtained from five species of the bos genus ... | 2013 | 23686165 |
| evidence of bos javanicus x bos indicus hybridization and major qtls for birth weight in indonesian peranakan ongole cattle. | peranakan ongole (po) is a major indonesian bos indicus breed that derives from animals imported from india in the late 19(th) century. early imports were followed by hybridization with the bos javanicus subspecies of cattle. here, we used genomic data to partition the ancestry components of po cattle and map loci implicated in birth weight. | 2015 | 26141727 |
| a global survey of banteng (bos javanicus) housing and husbandry. | banteng (bos javanicus) are an example of a species of conservation concern without current "best practice" guidance, as they have been the focus of little applied husbandry research. despite their elevated conservation status, and established, increasing global captive population, zoos do not yet have information on optimal husbandry. to help address this problem, a husbandry survey was distributed to all global holders of banteng. questions focused on herd demographic structure, exhibit featur ... | 2016 | 27735990 |
| two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of bali bull (bos javanicus) seminal plasma proteins and their relationship with semen quality. | the present study evaluated the relationship between bali bull (bos javanicus) seminal plasma proteins and different semen quality parameters. semen samples from 10 mature bali bulls were evaluated for conventional semen parameters (general motility, viability, and normal morphology), sperm functionality (acrosome reaction, sperm penetration rate, sperm penetration index), sperm kinetics (computer-assisted semen analysis parameters such as sperm velocity), and sperm morphology (acrosome and memb ... | 2015 | 26119476 |
| complete mitochondrial genomes of the tooth of a poached bornean banteng (bos javanicus lowi; cetartiodactyla, bovidae). | here we report the complete mitochondrial genome of the bornean banteng bos javanicus lowi (cetartiodactyla, bovidae), which was determined using next-generation sequencing. the mitochondrial genome is 16,344 bp in length containing 13 protein-coding genes, 21 trnas and 2 rrnas. it shows the typical pattern of bovine mitochondrial arrangement. phylogenetic tree analysis of complete mtdna sequences showed that bornean banteng is more closely related to gaur than to other banteng subspecies. diver ... | 2016 | 26075477 |
| effect of semen collection methods on the quality of pre- and post-thawed bali cattle (bos javanicus) spermatozoa. | this study was conducted to evaluate the response of bali bulls (bos javanicus) to different semen collection methods and their effects on fresh and post-thawed semen quality. the collection methods employed were electro-ejaculation (ee), transrectal massage (rm) and rm followed by ee (rm + ee). a total of 25 untrained bali bulls (age between 2 and 4 years old) were subjected to the different semen collection methods. fresh semen samples from all the 25 bulls were evaluated for volume, ph, gener ... | 2013 | 23808560 |
| new mycomya species from the himalayas (diptera, mycetophilidae): 3. subgenera cesamya and mycomyopsis. | mycomya rondani specimens from the himalayas, mostly nepal and myanmar, are revised. altogether four species of the subgenus cesamya koçak & kemal and eleven species of the subgenus mycomyopsis väisänen are recorded from the himalayas and the indian subcontinent. the paper includes a key to the himalayan species of mycomya of the two subgenera. the following fourteen new species are described: m. aix, m. alticola, m. banteng, m. cissa, m. ducula, m. irena, m. goral, m. jeti, m. kaa, m. naja, m. ... | 2013 | 25112744 |
| banteng and bali cattle in indonesia: status and forecasts. | bali cattle still represents 27% of the total cattle population in indonesia, and it is considered the pillar breed for small farmers. moreover, it is a breed of evolutionary importance regarding its direct ancestry from banteng. however, there is a need for the establishment of a rational system for the evaluation of breeding soundness for indigenous bali bulls to be used as sires for artificial insemination breeding programmes. moreover, there is a need for cryobanking of well-identified genet ... | 2012 | 22212203 |
| excretion patterns of fluid and different sized particle passage markers in banteng (bos javanicus) and pygmy hippopotamus (hexaprotodon liberiensis): two functionally different foregut fermenters. | processing of ingesta particles plays a crucial role in the digestive physiology of herbivores. in the ruminant forestomach different sized particles are stratified into a small and a large particle fraction and only the latter is regurgitated and remasticated to smaller, easier-to-digest particles. in contrast, it has been suggested that in non-ruminating foregut fermenters, such as hippopotamuses, larger particles should be selectively excreted since they tend to be digested at a slower rate a ... | 2008 | 18378479 |
| has the kouprey (bos sauveli urbain, 1937) been domesticated in cambodia? | the kouprey (bos sauveli urbain, 1937) is a very rare bovid species of cambodia, which may be extinct in the wild, as no living specimen has been observed for a long time. here, we describe a complete taxidermy mount, which presents astonishing morphological similarities with the kouprey. the animal was mounted in 1871 at the national museum of natural history in paris, where it was referenced as no. 1871-576. it was deposited at the natural history museum of bourges, france, in 1931, where it i ... | 2006 | 16439342 |
| species composition and environmental adaptation of indigenous chinese cattle. | indigenous chinese cattle combine taurine and indicine origins and occupy a broad range of different environments. by 50 k snp genotyping we found a discontinuous distribution of taurine and indicine cattle ancestries with extremes of less than 10% indicine cattle in the north and more than 90% in the far south and southwest china. model-based clustering and f4-statistics indicate introgression of both banteng and gayal into southern chinese cattle while the sporadic yak influence in cattle in o ... | 2017 | 29170422 |