| bone formation and body composition of european elk: an ontogenetic model. | metapodial and femur measurements were gathered on 8 female and 12 male western european elk (alces alces [l. 1758] alces) skeletons in four osteological collections in scandinavia. additional variables such as carcass and bone weight as well as metacarpal measurements recorded on 43 females and 47 males hunted in central sweden were completed by metatarsal measurements available for 28 female and 29 male individuals of the same sample. these bones were divided into two gross age groups on the b ... | 1989 | 2627003 |
| reindeer papillomavirus transforming properties correlate with a highly conserved e5 region. | a papillomavirus was isolated from the epithelial layer of a cutaneous fibropapilloma on a swedish reindeer (rangifer tarandus). reindeer papillomavirus (rpv) is morphologically indistinguishable from other papillomaviruses, but the restriction enzyme cleavage pattern of its genome is different. no sequence homology was detected between rpv dna and the dnas of bovine papillomavirus type 1 (bpv-1) and avian papillomavirus when hybridization was performed under stringent conditions. however, the r ... | 1987 | 2822949 |
| cross-hybridization and relationships of various papillomavirus dnas at different degrees of stringency. | cloned dnas of 21 different papillomaviruses which naturally infect mammals and one bird papillomavirus were compared for relative homology by southern blot hybridization. blots were carried out under low (tm-40 degrees), medium (tm-33 degrees), and high (tm-22 degrees) stringency conditions. at higher stringency, human papillomaviruses cross-hybridized with each other reflecting species-specific similarities. bovine papillomavirus types 1, 2, 5, european elk papillomavirus, and deer papillomavi ... | 1987 | 2832347 |
| genome of the european elk papillomavirus (eepv). | the genome of the european elk papillomavirus (eepv) was found to be 8,095 base pairs (bp) long and its genetic organization was similar to that of other papillomaviruses. ten open reading frames (orfs), designated e1-e7 and l1-l3, were identified in the genome, all located on one strand. the presence of the l3 orf is rare among the papillomaviruses and to date has only been identified in the genomes of eepv, the deer papillomavirus (dpv) and the cottontail papillomavirus (crpv). the orf is well ... | 1988 | 2853484 |
| papillomavirus dna associated with pulmonary fibromatosis in european elks. | multiple beadlike fibromas have been observed in the lungs of european elks bearing cutaneous fibromas and fibropapillomas. dna extracted from the lung fibromas was found to contain multiple copies of unintegrated european elk papillomavirus dna, indicating an association between pulmonary fibromatosis and papillomavirus. no virus particles were observed in the tumor tissue by electron microscopy. histological examination revealed that the lung fibromas had a morphology similar to that of cutane ... | 1986 | 3005617 |
| organization and expression of the transforming region from the european elk papillomavirus (eepv). | the nucleotide sequence of the early (transforming) region from the european elk papillomavirus (eepv) double-stranded dna has been determined together with flanking regions. the established sequence, which is 5732 bp long, shows that the genome of eepv is closely related to the previously sequenced bovine papillomavirus type 1 (bpv-1) and deer papillomavirus (dpv) genomes. seven open reading frames (orfs), designated e1-e7, were identified in similar positions as in the bpv-1 genome. the e1 and ... | 1986 | 3034730 |
| bone morphometry and function: a comparison between cattle and european elk. | | 1987 | 3447465 |
| [electrophoretic study of milk proteins of the northern reindeer and the european elk]. | | 1971 | 5157494 |
| characterization of a papilloma virus from the european elk (eepv). | | 1981 | 6266142 |
| european elk papillomavirus: characterization of the genome, induction of tumors in animals, and transformation in vitro. | the european elk papillomavirus (eepv) genome was cloned in the bamhi cleavage site of the pbr322 vector. the cloned genome was used for construction of a physical map, employing restriction endonucleases bamhi, bglii, hindiii, pvuii, saci, and xhoi. the sequence homology between the eepv and bovine papillomavirus type 1 genomes was elucidated by performing hybridizations in different concentrations of formamide. sequence homology could only be revealed under less stringent conditions, i.e., tm ... | 1983 | 6312094 |
| [intrinsic oxygen affinity: the primary structure of a ruminantia hemoglobin: methionine in betana2 of a pecora, the northern elk (alces alces alces)]. | the primary structures of the alpha- and beta-chains of hemoglobin from the northern elk (alces alces alces) have been determined. the sequence was compared with the bovine chains. the oxygen affinity regarding the primary structure of the beta-chains is discussed. | 1984 | 6510898 |
| relationship between fluoride content in bones and the age in european elk (alces alces l.). | the relation between fluoride content in bones (jaws) and the age of elks living in poland in areas of relatively low pollution by industrial emissions was studied. multiple regression analysis was performed by making use of 11 mathematical models. the relationship between fluoride content in bones and the animals age is best described by square root and linear models. | 1995 | 7656178 |
| the genomes of the animal papillomaviruses european elk papillomavirus, deer papillomavirus, and reindeer papillomavirus contain a novel transforming gene (e9) near the early polyadenylation site. | we report that the genomes of reindeer papillomavirus (rpv), european elk papillomavirus (eepv), and deer papillomavirus (dpv) contain a short conserved translational open reading frame (orf), e9, which is located between the e5 orf and the early polyadenylation site. in rpv, dpv, and eepv, e9 orfs have the potential to encode extremely hydrophobic polypeptides of approximately 40 amino acids. in mouse c127 cells transformed by eepv and rpv, there exists a unique, abundant mrna species of approx ... | 1994 | 7966628 |
| healthy skin of many animal species harbors papillomaviruses which are closely related to their human counterparts. | papillomaviruses associated with clinical symptoms have been found in many vertebrate species. in this study, we have used an l1 gene consensus pcr test designed to detect a broad spectrum of human skin papillomaviruses to analyze swab samples from healthy skin of 111 animals belonging to 19 vertebrate species. in eight of the species, papillomavirus dna was found with the following prevalences: chimpanzees, 9 of 11 samples positive; gorillas, 3 of 4; long-tailed macaques, 14 of 16; spider monke ... | 2002 | 12438579 |
| detection of papillomavirus-dna in mesenchymal tumour cells and not in the hyperplastic epithelium of feline sarcoids. | we examined 12 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded feline skin tumours which had the histopathological features of fibropapillomas for the presence of papillomavirus (pv) dna using touchdown polymerase chain reaction (pcr), dna sequencing and nonradioactive in situ hybridization. nine of the tumours contained a 102-bp pcr product demonstrated using consensus pv primers that amplify a portion of the l1 gene. the nucleotide sequences are closely related, but not identical to that of ovine pv type 2, ... | 2003 | 12603685 |
| lack of the canonical prb-binding domain in the e7 orf of artiodactyl papillomaviruses is associated with the development of fibropapillomas. | the l-x-c-x-e prb-binding motif of papillomavirus (pv) e7 proteins has been implicated in the immortalization and transformation of the host cell. however, sequencing of the complete genomes of bovine papillomavirus type 3 (bpv-3), bovine papillomavirus type 5 (bpv-5), equine papillomavirus (eqpv) and reindeer (rangifer tarandus) papillomavirus (rpv) supports the notion that the prb-binding motif is not ubiquitous among e7 proteins in the pv proteome. key among the animal groups that lack the pr ... | 2004 | 15105541 |
| a 12-month survey of gastrointestinal helminth infections of cervids kept in two zoos in belgium. | infections with helminths are a major health issue in captive and wild deer. in this study, fecal egg count patterns and clinical signs associated with gastrointestinal nematodes were assessed for 12 mo in nine cervid herds kept under different husbandry conditions at two sites. at site 1, an urban zoo, fecal egg counts remained low and no clinical signs of parasitic gastroenteritis were seen in the herds of fallow deer (dama dama), dybowski's deer (cervus nippon dybowski), pudu (pudu pudu), and ... | 2005 | 17312767 |
| characterisation of the first complete genome sequence of the roe deer (capreolus capreolus) papillomavirus. | the complete genomic dna of a novel roe deer (capreolus capreolus) papillomavirus (ccpv1) was amplified and sequenced from fibropapillomatous skin lesions of a hungarian roe deer. viral dna was detected by a pair of degenerate primers and the remaining genomic sequence was amplified by a long-template high-fidelity pcr and sequenced. the ccpv1 genome was 8032 bp long and contained open reading frames (orfs) typical for delta-papillomaviruses (e6, e7, e1, e2, e4, e5, e9, l2, and l1) and a 799 bp ... | 2008 | 18417239 |
| toxoplasma gondii in wild cervids and sheep in finland: north-south gradient in seroprevalence. | a nationwide seroepidemiological study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of toxoplasma gondii in selected wild and domestic ruminants in finland. serum samples from 1367 game cervids collected during the hunting season in 2008-2009 and 1940 sheep sera collected in 2008 were screened with a commercial direct agglutination test at a serum dilution of 1:40. t. gondii-specific igg antibodies were detected in 116 (9.6%) of 1215 moose (european elk, alces alces), 36 (26.7%) of 135 white-tailed ... | 2010 | 20434266 |
| trypanosoma spp. in swedish game animals. | serum and blood samples from 36 game animals, shot during the hunting seasons 2007-2009, were collected and analyzed for the presence of trypanosoma spp. by three methods: isolation, polymerase chain reaction (pcr), and serology. only fissiped animals were included, four different ruminants and wild boar. trypanosomes could be isolated from two of the animals, and eight had detectable parasite dna. seven animals had high titers of anti-trypanosoma igg antibodies. the two isolated strains, one fr ... | 2011 | 21614542 |
| nucleotide-sequence of a canine oral papillomavirus containing a long noncoding region. | the dna genome of a canine oral papillomavirus (copv) was completely sequenced and found to consist of 8607 base pairs, which were the longest of all known papillomaviruses (pvs). its organization was similar to that of other pvs except that it lacked early gene 5 (e5) and possessed a unique long noncoding region (l-ncr) between the end of the early genes and the beginning of the late genes. copv also possessed a short noncoding region (s-ncr) which contained a putative upper regulatory region ( ... | 1995 | 21552821 |
| [the role of the urals in the genetic diversity of the european moose subspecies (alces alces alces)]. | the genetic diversity of the uralian moose population and the role of the ural region in the phylogeographic structure of the european moose were evaluated based on sequence polymorphisms of the mtdna control region. the nucleotide diversity of the ural moose was low, whereas haplotype diversity was rather high. it was found that the haplotype pool of the ural moose reflects both the unique features of their mitochondrial lineages and their connection with alces alces alces populations of europe ... | 2016 | 25739308 |
| sex- and age-related morphological characteristics of european elk (alces alces) pelves. | there is no data in the literature concerning the frequency of birthing difficulties in the elk cow. this study aims to describe the pelves of elk cows and adult bulls. the measurements of an elk pelvis depend on living conditions rather than age. the dimensions of primiparous pelves are more homogeneous than those of pluriparous cows because heifers have to reach a certain weight prior to successful conception. the elk pelvis has a rather slim shape; the cavum pelvis is deep, oval lengthwise in ... | 2014 | 23786606 |