| dermacentor albipictus on moose (alces alces) in ontario. | fifty-five moose (alces alces) collected from 1963 to 1965 in the chapleau crown game preserve of northern ontario were examined for ectoparasites. dermacentor albipictus was the only parasite recovered. d. albipictus was absent from 15 moose examined during june, july and august; first observed on 1 or 2 moose examined in september; and present on all 38 moose collected from october to may. ticks were not evenly distributed on the body. infestations varied from 32 to 13,490 ticks/moose for 14 i ... | 1979 | 480519 |
| [comparative study of the myoglobin of the reindeer rangifer tarandus, the elk alces alces and the deer cervus elaphus xanthopygus]. | myoglobin preparations from muscles of a. alces, r. tarandus and c. elaphus xanthopygus were isolated by sephadex gel filtration (g-75). their fe content was found to be equal to 0.303--0.308%, which corresponds to the molecular weight of 18, 000. it was shown that splitting of heme from the globin results in an increase of the area occupied by the molecule on the phase boarderline from 36-10(2) to 47-10(2) a2. by the peptide charts method of tryptic hydrolysates combined with the detection of s ... | 1977 | 868393 |
| further studies on trypanosomers in game animals in wyoming. | blood samples were collected from captive and free-ranging elk (cervus canadensis), mule deer (odocoileus hemionus), white-tailed deer, (odocoileus virginianus), black-tailed deer (odocoileus hemionus columbianus), pronghorn (antilocapra americana), moose (alces alces), and bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis) for cultural evidence of trypanosoma sp. infection. eleven of 188 (12%) hunter-killed elk, 22 of 37 (59%) free-ranging elk, and 79 of 119 (66%) captive elk were culture positive in 1973-74. par ... | 1976 | 933315 |
| chymotrypsins from the deer (cervidae) family. isolation, partial characterization and primary-structure studies of chymotrypsins a and b from both moose (alces alces) and elk (cervus elaphus) pancreas. | 1. an anionic and a cationic chymotrypsin (ec 3.4.21.1) were isolated from the pancreas glands of the moose (alces alces) and elk (cervus elaphus). the a and b chymotrypsins from each species were purified to homogeneity by (nh4)2so4 fractionation, affinity chromatography on 4-phenylbutylamine-sepharose and ion-exchange chromatography on deae- and cm-cellulose. 2. the molecular weight and ph optimum of each chymotrypsin were similar to those of the corresponding ox a and b chymotrypsins. 3. the ... | 1976 | 949318 |
| [cardiac component of emotional stress in the elk, alces alces, and the reindeer, rangifer tarandus]. | using radiotelemetric technique, extraordinary changes have been found in cardiac activity of the elk and reindeer during spontaneous emotional stress under natural conditions. cardiac reaction is characterized by rapid 2--3-fold increase in the heart rate and by 3--4-fold increase in the amplitude of t-wave. it was suggested that these changes are associated with abnormalities of metabolic processes in the heart. | 1976 | 988696 |
| a comparative study of the intestinal anatomy of deer. | the intestinal anatomy of fallow deer (dama dama), white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus), reindeer (rangifer tarandus), and elk (alces alces) was studied. special attention was given to the spiral loop of the ascending colon and the proportional length of the small and large intestines. the spiral loop of the ascending colon is wound 3-3 1/2 turns in the fallow deer, 2-3 turns in the white-tailed deer, 5 1/2-7 turns in the reindeer and 3-4 turns in the elk. the distal half of the last centr ... | 1975 | 1163814 |
| a bovine viral diarrhoea/mucosal disease-like syndrome in moose (alces alces): investigations on the central nervous system. | a disease of unknown aetiology has been observed in moose. the animals showed signs of a bovine viral diarrhoea/mucosal disease-like syndrome, and central nervous disturbances. brains from adult female moose were investigated by means of histology, immunohistochemistry, electron microscopy, virology, and bacteriology. the results indicate that the nervous signs were not associated with a spongiform encephalopathy. the lesions suggest a viral aetiology, although all the virological investigations ... | 1991 | 1801405 |
| experimental brucella suis biovar 4 infection in a moose. | a moose (alces alces gigas) was inoculated with brucella suis biovar 4 to better understand the effects of brucellosis in this species. serum antibody titers increased rapidly and peaked within 21 to 56 days. fever, leukocytosis, recumbency, anorexia and depression were observed starting 42 days post inoculation. brucella suis biovar 4 was isolated from blood, lymph nodes, liver and spleen. | 1991 | 1920668 |
| survey of hepatic and pulmonary helminths of wild cervids in alberta, canada. | during the 1988 hunting season, livers and lungs from 263 mule deer (odocoileus hemionus hemionus), 198 moose (alces alces), 147 white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus), and 94 wapiti (cervus elaphus nelsoni) from alberta (canada) were collected for parasitological examination. most of the samples (89%) were submitted by big game hunters throughout the province. giant liver fluke (fascioloides magna) was found in 9% of 22 yearling and 29% of 65 adult wapiti; 4% of 161 adult moose; and 2% of 9 ... | 1990 | 2250321 |
| prevalence of antibody to toxoplasma gondii in the moose (alces alces americana clinton) of nova scotia, canada. | the prevalence of antibodies to toxoplasma gondii was investigated in the sera of 125 moose taken by hunters in 5 countries of nova scotia. nineteen of these sera (15%) were positive by the indirect passive hemagglutination test, with titers above 1:64. this study adds further evidence to the prevalence of antibodies to t. gondii in the wildlife, extending this evidence to eastern canada. the possibility that humans may acquire toxoplasmosis by ingesting undercooked infected meat from game anima ... | 1990 | 2299521 |
| comparative studies on megatrypanum trypanosomes from cervids. | trypanosomes were isolated by culture from 2 out of 50 blood samples collected from reindeer (rangifer tarandus l.) in northern sweden and from a blood sample from a moose (alces alces) from southern sweden. the parasites were indistinguishable morphologically from other trypanosomes reported from cervids, both as epimastigotes in axenic culture at 27 degrees c and as bloodstream-like trypomastigotes cultured on mammalian fibroblasts at 37 degrees c. surface carbohydrate and isoenzyme comparison ... | 1990 | 2382100 |
| bone formation and body composition of european elk: an ontogenetic model. | metapodial and femur measurements were gathered on 8 female and 12 male western european elk (alces alces [l. 1758] alces) skeletons in four osteological collections in scandinavia. additional variables such as carcass and bone weight as well as metacarpal measurements recorded on 43 females and 47 males hunted in central sweden were completed by metatarsal measurements available for 28 female and 29 male individuals of the same sample. these bones were divided into two gross age groups on the b ... | 1989 | 2627003 |
| species of the genus elaphostrongylus parasite of swedish cervidae. a description of e. alces n. sp. | a description of elaphostrongylus alces n. sp., a parasite of moose (alces alces l.), is given. the main features differing e. alces n. sp. from the other two investigated species are the bottle shaped oesophagus and the oval bursa, which is about 150 microns x 200 microns. e. rangiferi mitskevith, 1960, a parasite of reindeer (rangifer tarandus tarandus l.) and e. cervi cameron, 1931, a parasite of red deer (cervus elaphus l.) have both a club shaped or cylindrical oesophagus and a circular bur ... | 1989 | 2735702 |
| locations of moose in northwestern canada with hair loss probably caused by the winter tick, dermacentor albipictus (acari: ixodidae). | five hundred two trappers representing 389 registered traplines in northern alberta, northern british columbia, northwest territories and yukon territory (canada) responded to a questionnaire on the occurrence of hair loss and the winter tick (dermacentor albipictus) on moose (alces alces). results suggested that winter ticks may occur as far as 62 degrees n. several sightings of moose with presumed tick-induced hair loss near kluane lake, yukon territory, suggest the possibility of introduction ... | 1989 | 2761020 |
| skeletal development in ruminants: further data on sexual dimorphism in elk (alces alces). | | 1986 | 2953201 |
| the chernobyl accident. transport of radionuclides to man living in northern sweden. | the pathways of 131i, 134cs and 137cs from the chernobyl fallout to man were followed in the county of västerbotten, sweden. reported airplane measurements had shown that the ground deposition of 137cs was 3-40 kbq/m2 with hot spots with more than 80 kbq/m2. multiplying with a factor of 0.6 gave the 134cs deposition and an approximate factor of 20 the 131i ground deposition. the effective dose equivalent from 131i became low, less than 0.1 msv, as the cows were stabled. the 137cs activity concen ... | 1988 | 3233171 |
| [topography and structure of the stylohyoid muscle in mammals]. | topography and structure of the musculus stylohyoideus (msh) have been studied in 78 species of mammalia from 12 orders. the muscle in question has specific peculiarities not only in its position and fixation, but also in a great variability of its structure. the msh is not revealed in philander opossum, lagostrophus fasciatus, guinea pig, meriones eversmanni, rhombomys opimus, nyctereutes procyonoides, thos aureus, mastelidae. various pathways of development and different functional loading def ... | 1988 | 3408352 |
| elaphostrongylus cervi infection in moose (alces alces). prevalence and pathological changes in relation to age and season. | | 1987 | 3447471 |
| experimental elaphostrongylus cervi infection in moose (alces alces). | | 1987 | 3447472 |
| prevalence of neutralizing antibody to jamestown canyon virus (california group) in populations of elk and moose in northern michigan and ontario, canada. | blood samples were collected from free-ranging elk (cervus elaphus) harvested in michigan's northern lower peninsula, from moose (alces alces) relocated from ontario's algonquin provincial park to michigan's upper peninsula, and from moose from michigan's isle royale national park. sera were tested by serum dilution neutralization tests in vero cell culture for neutralizing antibody to california serogroup viruses, in particular jamestown canyon (jc), la crosse/snowshoe hare (lac/ssh), and trivi ... | 1986 | 3503129 |
| the prevalence of elaphostrongylus cervi infection in moose (alces alces) in southern norway. | | 1986 | 3565201 |
| echinococcus granulosus (cestoda: taeniidae) infections in moose (alces alces) from southwestern quebec. | investigation of the distribution of larval echinococcus granulosus in a moose population from southwestern quebec revealed a distinct and stable pattern of infection with a prevalence of 44% (n = 580). positive correlations between moose age and the intensity, mean cyst weight and biomass of the hydatid cysts suggested a process of continued parasite acquisition and cyst growth. the distribution of cyst sizes within individual moose provided circumstantial evidence of interaction between cysts, ... | 1987 | 3625899 |
| parelaphostrongylus tenuis in new brunswick: the parasite in white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) and moose (alces alces). | research was initiated in 1983 to investigate the ecology of parelaphostrongylus tenuis in new brunswick. the objectives were to determine the prevalence and intensity of infection in white-tailed deer, and to determine whether or not moose feces contained first stage larvae, signifying the completion of the life cycle of p. tenuis in this host. forty-nine percent of deer pellet samples were positive and 60% of deer heads contained adults of p. tenuis. none of the moose pellet samples contained ... | 1987 | 3682097 |
| antibodies to toxoplasma gondii in moose (alces alces l.) from alaska. | | 1986 | 3735595 |
| [a new onchocercal parasite, onchocerca alcis n. sp., parasite of the moose alces alces in sweden]. | among the onchocercids of cervids, onchocerca alcis n. sp., a parasite of the moose, alces alces, belongs to that small palearctic group of evolved onchocercids consisting of o. jakutensis, o. garmsi and o. tarsicola. it is distinguished from its most closely related species, o. jakutensis, primarily on the characters of the lateral chord and cuticle, its greater spicule ratio, and the characteristic shapes of the anterior and posterior extremities of female worms. | 1986 | 3813426 |
| the role of wild north american ungulates in the epidemiology of bovine brucellosis: a review. | published reports of brucella abortus infections in wild north american ungulates and domestic cattle herds were reviewed to determine if infection in these species was related. bison (bison bison) were frequently found infected, but are probably a minor threat to livestock due to their current limited distribution. most elk (cervus elaphus) were free of infection except where their range was shared with infected bison or livestock. deer (odocoileus spp.), pronghorns (antilocapra americana), moo ... | 1985 | 3908724 |
| factors affecting transmission of larval winter ticks, dermacentor albipictus (packard), to moose, alces alces l., in alberta, canada. | the larval stage of the winter tick, dermacentor albipictus, was studied under field conditions in central alberta, canada. larvae ascended vegetation in autumn, possibly in response to photoperiod. numbers found by flagging increased from early september to early october and decreased gradually to zero by december. larvae clumped on the tips of vegetation approximately 1-1.5 m off the ground, and did not exhibit a diurnal, vertical migration. activity was temperature dependent and no obvious pr ... | 1985 | 4032625 |
| the inter-relationship of endo-parasites in wild cervids (capreolus capreolus l. and alces alces l.) and domestic ruminants in sweden. | | 1971 | 5103412 |
| composition of adipose tissue triglycerides of the elk (cervus canadensis), caribou (rangifer tarandus groenlandicus), moose (alces alces), and white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus). | | 1971 | 5113546 |
| karyotypes in five species of deer (alces alces l., capreolus capreolus l., cervus elaphus l., cervus nippon nippon temm. and dama dama l.). | | 1968 | 5721324 |
| serum protein electrophoresis of coreamnos americanus (mountain goat) and comparison of sera from canadian and alaskan alces alces (moose) and ovis dalli (sheep). | | 1968 | 5758870 |
| electrophoresis of the serum proteins and transferrins of alces alces (elk), rangifer tarandus (reindeer), and ovis dalli (dall sheep) from north america. | | 1967 | 6075156 |
| conglutinin, immunoconglutinins and heterophile antibodies in the sera of apparently healthy moose (alces alces) and caribou (rangifer tarandus) in quebec. | serum samples from apparently healthy wild populations of moose and caribou in the province of quebec, canada were screened for the presence of conglutinin (k), immunoconglutinins (iks) and heterophile antibodies. the conglutinating factor in moose and caribou sera was characterized utilizing the necessity of calcium ions for its reaction with sensitized sheep erythrocytes which had been alexinated with horse complement. the conglutinating substance in these animals did not require calcium ions ... | 1982 | 6127416 |
| serologic survey for selected microbial pathogens in alaskan wildlife. | antibodies to brucella spp. were detected in sera of seven of 67 (10%) caribou (rangifer tarandus), one of 39 (3%) moose (alces alces), and six of 122 (5%) grizzly bears (ursus arctos). antibodies to leptospira spp. were found in sera of one of 61 (2%) caribou, one of 37 (3%) moose, six of 122 (5%) grizzly bears, and one of 28 (4%) black bears (ursus americanus). antibodies to contagious ecthyma virus were detected in sera of seven of 17 (41%) dall sheep (ovis dalli) and five of 53 (10%) caribou ... | 1983 | 6139490 |
| morphological and histochemical observations on the duodenal glands of eight wild ungulate species native to north america. | the duodenal glands of the species examined (alces alces, ovis canadensis, cervus canadensis, oreamnos americanus, bison bison, antilocapra americana, odocoileus virginianas, odocoileus heminous) are confined primarily to the submucosa of the small intestine. in one species, the moose, a significant population of secretory tubules also is observed in the mucosa. the ducts of the duodenal glands pierce the overlying muscularis mucosae to empty most often independently into the intestinal lumen. t ... | 1981 | 6171158 |
| intracytoplasmic neuronal inclusions in the hippocampus of non-rabid moose, alces alces (l.). | | 1983 | 6196493 |
| serologic survey for selected microbial agents in mammals from alberta, 1976. | blood samples were taken from humans and several species of free-ranging wild mammals from five different geographic areas of alberta, canada. sera were tested for antibody to eastern equine encephalitis (eee) virus, western equine encephalitis (wee) virus, st. louis encephalitis (sle) virus, powassan (pow) virus, the snowshoe hare (ssh) strain of the california group (cal) of viruses, northway (nor) virus, klamath (kla) virus, infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (ibr) virus, and two bacteria, bru ... | 1981 | 6273600 |
| beta-endorphin levels in blood from selected alaskan mammals. | blood samples were analyzed for beta-endorphin from 43 non-torpid black bear (ursus americanus), 8 torpid black bear, 3 non-torpid brown bear (ursus arctos), 14 moose (alces alces), 6 mountain goats (oreamnus americanus) and 30 steller sea lions (eumetopias jubatus). beta-endorphin levels were detected in all species sampled and there were no significant differences in levels among non-torpid black bear, brown bear and sea lions. also, no differences were detected between moose and mountain goat ... | 1981 | 6279890 |
| serologic studies on brucellosis, leptospirosis and tularemia in moose (alces alces) in quebec. | blood samples were obtained from 208 moose in la vérendrye and matane reserves and in laurentides park, quebec, canada. sera were tested for antibodies to brucella abortus, leptospira interrogans serovar ballum, canicola, grippotyphosa, hardjo, icterohaemorrhagiae and pomona, and francisella tularensis. fifteen sera contained evidence of prior exposure to f. tularensis. only one animal was a seroreactor to l. interrogans serovar grippotyphosa and none of them had antibodies to b. abortus. | 1984 | 6429355 |
| [intrinsic oxygen affinity: the primary structure of a ruminantia hemoglobin: methionine in betana2 of a pecora, the northern elk (alces alces alces)]. | the primary structures of the alpha- and beta-chains of hemoglobin from the northern elk (alces alces alces) have been determined. the sequence was compared with the bovine chains. the oxygen affinity regarding the primary structure of the beta-chains is discussed. | 1984 | 6510898 |
| stercorarian trypanosomes from deer (cervidae) in germany. | twenty of 35 roe deer (capreolus capreolus), eight of 12 red deer (cervus elaphus), and nine of 21 fallow deer (cervus dama) but none of four moose (alces alces) examined from april to november 1983 were infected with trypanosomes. morphometric data of the bloodstream trypomastigotes from the three deer species differed significantly. this appears to be the first report of stercorarian trypanosomes from cervidae in the old world and the first description of representatives of the subgenus megatr ... | 1984 | 6512728 |
| malignant catarrhal fever in a shira's moose (alces alces shirasi nelson). | | 1984 | 6541712 |
| serologic and experimental investigations of contagious ecthyma in alaska. | serologic evidence of contagious ecthyma (ce) was found in domestic sheep (ovis aries), domestic goats (capra hircus), dall sheep (ovis dalli), and musk-ox (ovibos moschatus) in alaska. a moose (alces alces) calf and a caribou (rangifer tarandus) fawn were susceptible to experimental infection and both developed antibody titers as a result. ce virus was isolated from lesions of dall sheep which were involved in a natural outbreak of the disease. | 1983 | 6644914 |
| serologic evidence of arbovirus infections in humans and wild animals in alaska. | blood samples were collected from humans and several species of free-ranging wild animals in alaska. sera were tested for antibody to jamestown canyon (jc), snowshoe hare (ssh), northway (nor), klamath (kla), sakhalin (sak), great island (gi), and silverwater (sil) virus. jc antibody was found in 54% of 121 human, 89% of 97 bison (bison bison), 51% of 84 dall sheep (ovis dalli), 43% of 68 snowshoe hare (lepus americanus), and 3% of 33 arctic fox (alopex lagopus) sera. ssh antibody was found in 4 ... | 1983 | 6644915 |
| sarcocystis in wild ungulates in alberta. | muscle samples from 557 wild ungulates in alberta, comprising seven species, were examined grossly and/or histologically for cysts of sarcocystis. sarcocystis was found in 100, 96, 94, 75, 75, 73, and 49% of the wapiti (cervus canadensis), moose (alces alces), bison (bison bison), mule deer (odocoileus hemionus), bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis), mountain goat (oreamnos americanus), and white-tailed deer (o. virginianus), respectively. | 1980 | 6780701 |
| sarcocystis species in moose (alces alces), bison (bison, bison), and pronghorn (antilocapra americana) in montana. | the transmission of sarcocystis spp from naturally infected moose, bison, and pronghorn was attempted in laboratory-raised coyotes and dogs. infected musculature from a moose was feed to a dog and a coyote, and 12 days later, both animals shed sporocysts. sporocysts were 14 to 17 x 8.5 to 10.5 micron (av 14.5 x 8.8). a coyote was fed muscle from a bison, and 11 days later, it shed sporocysts. the sporocysts were 14 to 16 x 9 to 11 micron (14.0 x 9.0). infected tissues from a pronghorn were fed t ... | 1980 | 6782919 |
| infectivity of sarcocystis spp. from bison, elk, moose, and cattle for cattle via sporocysts from coyotes. | bison bison (bison), cervus canadensis (elk), alces alces (moose), and bos taurus (cattle) musculature containing sarcocystis spp. cysts was fed to laboratory raised canis latrans (coyotes), sporocysts collected from the feces of coyotes fed musculature of each of the ruminant species were fed to four groups of three laboratory-raised domestic calves, respectively, to determine if sarcocystis spp. was transmissible from wild to domestic ruminants and if so, to compare clinical signs of infection ... | 1982 | 6811717 |
| cysticerci of taenia ovis krabbei moniez, 1879, in the brain of moose, alces alces (l.) in maine. | | 1983 | 6887439 |
| antibodies to francisella tularensis in the snowshoe hare (lepus americanus struthopus) populations of nova scotia and prince edward island and in the moose (alces alces americana clinton) population of nova scotia. | | 1982 | 7093820 |
| the infectivity of some nematode parasites of reindeer (rangifer tarandus l.) and elk (alces alces l.) for cattle and sheep. | cross infections were carried out by dosing parasite-free calves and lambs with third stage nematode larvae cultured from the faeces of reindeer and elk. two lambs each received 20,000 larvae from reindeer, and one lamb 20,000 larvae from elk. one calf received 50,000 larvae from reindeer and one 50,000 from elk. the animals were killed 28 days after infection. egg output did not differ significantly between the lambs nor between the calves, but in the lambs the output was much higher than in th ... | 1982 | 7113357 |
| antibodies to the california group of arboviruses in the moose (alces alces americana clinton) population of nova scotia. | moose (alces alces americana clinton) blood collected by hunters during the 1977 and 1978 hunting seasons was tested for california group antibodies. hemagglutination inhibition (hi) tests using snowshoe hare virus (ssh) as antigen yielded 37.02% hi-positive sera. neutralization tests showed reactors reactors (67.5% positive) to ssh and classified six reactors as jamestown canyon virus (jc). this study reports the first finding of jc in a moose population; it also provides the first evidence of ... | 1981 | 7317859 |
| further studies on trypanosomes in game animals in wyoming ii. | further studies on moose revealed trypanosomes in two captive moose (alces alces shirasi) and in 4 of 7 free-ranging moose in wyoming by blood culture. two free-ranging moose from utah were negative. one of two additional captive moose calves was positive for trypanosomes. trypanosomes also were detected in blood cultures of 8 of 39 american bison (bison bison) being brought into wyoming from nebraska. nineteen additional bison were negative for trypanosomes by blood cultures. identification of ... | 1981 | 7338978 |
| brucellosis in moose (alces alces). a serological survey in an open range cattle area of north central british columbia recently infected with bovine brucellosis. | a serological survey for brucella abortus antibodies in mature cow moose (alces alces) was made in an area of northcentral british columbia which recently had been heavily infected with bovine brucellosis and in which there was considerable intermixing of moose and range cattle. no evidence of brucella infection was found in the moose tested and it was concluded that they were probably not of great significance in the epidemiology of bovine brucellosis in the study area and were therefore unlike ... | 1980 | 7363258 |
| relationship between fluoride content in bones and the age in european elk (alces alces l.). | the relation between fluoride content in bones (jaws) and the age of elks living in poland in areas of relatively low pollution by industrial emissions was studied. multiple regression analysis was performed by making use of 11 mathematical models. the relationship between fluoride content in bones and the animals age is best described by square root and linear models. | 1995 | 7656178 |
| transmission of borrelia burgdorferi s.l. from mammal reservoirs to the primary vector of lyme borreliosis, ixodes ricinus (acari: ixodidae), in sweden. | factors regulating prevalence of borrelia burgdorferi s.l. johnson, schmid, hyde, steigerwalt & brenner in ixodes ricinus (l.) were examined during 1991-1992 at bogesund, near stockholm in south-central sweden. nine species of small and medium-sized mammals (sorex araneus l., s. minutus l., neomys fodiens pennant, clethrionomys glareolus [schreber], microtus agrestis [l.], apodemus sylvaticus [l.], a. flavicollis [melchior], lepus europaeus pallas, l. timidus l.) were found to infect feeding tic ... | 1994 | 7815401 |
| naturally occurring brucella suis biovar 4 infection in a moose (alces alces). | a debilitated adult female moose (alces alces) shot east of the mackenzie river, northwest territories, canada, had large fluctuant masses over both carpi. only the forelimbs were available for examination. carpal pathology included bilateral bursitis and osteomyelitis of subjacent bone. in addition severe osteomyelitis with fractures was observed in the left lateral and right medial digits. brucella suis biovar 4 was isolated from the right medial first phalanx. this is believed to be the first ... | 1993 | 8258861 |
| parelaphostrongylus tenuis in maine moose and the possible influence of faulty baermann procedures. | efficacy of cleaning baermann apparati was evaluated to determine if larvae are retained on glassware after evaluating white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) fecal samples containing parelaphostrongylus tenuis. residual p. tenuis larvae were recovered from 7 (11.7%) of 60 baermann apparati cleaned with soap and tap water. of 295 moose (alces alces) fecal samples collected in central and northern maine, only one contained protostrongylid larvae. our data do not support the hypothesis that rec ... | 1993 | 8445780 |
| forensic identification of ungulate species using restriction digests of pcr-amplified mitochondrial dna. | a survey of mitochondrial d-loop variation in 15 species of ungulates was conducted via amplification by the polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. this survey included moose (alces alces), caribou (rangifer tarandus), mule deer (odocoileus hemionus hemionus), black-tailed deer (o. h. columbianus), white-tailed deer (o. virginianus), waipiti (cervus elaphus), pronghorn antelope (antilocapra americana), bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis), stone's she ... | 1995 | 8522926 |
| investigation, control and epizootiology of anthrax in a geographically isolated, free-roaming bison population in northern canada. | in july 1993 anthrax caused significant mortality in an isolated, free-ranging population of bison (bos bison athabascae) west of great slave lake in the northwest territories. there was no previous record of anthrax in this area. an emergency response was undertaken to reduce the scale of environmental contamination and dissemination of anthrax spores and hence to reduce the likelihood of future outbreaks. one-hundred-and-seventy-two bison, 3 moose (alces alces), and 3 black bear (ursus america ... | 1995 | 8548686 |
| forensic application of repetitive dna markers to the species identification of animal tissues. | highly repetitive dna markers have been used for determining the species origin of animal tissues in cases of illegal commercialization and poaching of game animals. this approach has been used in cases involving white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus), moose (alces alces) and black bear (ursus americanus). digesting the dna with various restriction enzymes, agarose electrophoresis and staining with ethidium bromide revealed unique banding patterns for each species. these patterns have been u ... | 1994 | 8195749 |
| application of a competitive elisa for the detection of bluetongue virus antibodies in llamas and wild ruminants. | a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (c-elisa), using a group-specific monoclonal antibody against bluetongue virus (btv), was applied to detect anti-btv antibodies in serum samples from two llamas (llama glama) experimentally infected with btv serotype 10. antibodies were detected in both llamas by 1 wk or 2 wk post-infection. antibodies to btv increased exponentially during the first 4 wk in both llamas and stabilized at an elevated level during the remaining 5-wk-period of the expe ... | 1995 | 8592352 |
| experimental studies on brucella abortus in moose (alces alces). | four moose (alces alces) were inoculated conjunctivally with b. abortus biovar 1 to determine their susceptibility to brucellosis, and to describe the serology, bacteriology, hematology, clinical chemistry, and pathology associated with infection. all moose became infected. two moose were killed at day 70 post-exposure, one (83f) died acutely at day 85, and one was killed at day 166. none of the moose had clinical signs, except for 83f immediately before death. infected moose were readily detect ... | 1996 | 8627944 |
| studies on migration and orientation of elk (alces alces l. mammalia) | | 1996 | 8664839 |
| fluoride exposure in cervids inhabiting areas adjacent to aluminum smelters in norway. i. residue levels. | mandibular fluorine concentrations were determined in 1,425 red deer (cervus elaphus), 240 moose (alces alces), and 424 roe deer (capreolus capreolus) collected in norway from 1990 to 1993 in seven municipalities in which aluminum smelters are located, in eight neighboring municipalities, and in eight reference areas representing background levels. background fluorine concentration was significantly correlated with age in all three species. roe deer had the highest mean background fluorine level ... | 1996 | 8722253 |
| fluoride exposure in cervids inhabiting areas adjacent to aluminum smelters in norway. ii. fluorosis. | mandibles from 1104 red deer (cervus elaphus), 147 moose (alces alces), and 453 roe deer (capreolus capreolus), collected between 1990 and 1993 in the vicinity of seven norwegian aluminum smelters, were examined for dental fluorotic and osteofluorotic lesions. the metacarpal or metatarsal bones from 214 of these cervids also were evaluated. dental fluorotic lesions occurred in all three cervid species. prevalence of dental fluorosis was generally low at the various locations, with the exception ... | 1996 | 8722254 |
| [the craniometric characteristics of the elk (alces alces l.) of eurasia]. | comparative craniometric investigation was done on the elk in eurasia. four morphological forms are distinguished, thus favoring the subdivision of alces alces l. into four subspecies: a. a. alces, a. a. cameloides, a. a. pfizenmayeri, and a. a. buturlini. | 1996 | 8723622 |
| erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, serotype 17, septicemia in moose (alces alces) from algonquin park, ontario. | erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae septicemia was diagnosed in three of four moose found dead in algonquin provincial park, ontario, canada, in the spring of 1989. type 17 e. rhusiopathiae was isolated from liver, lung, kidney, and lymph nodes of affected animals, which were in poor body condition, and suffering hair loss associated with tick (dermacentor albipictus) infestations. microscopic lesions consisted of mild, multifocal, necrotizing myocarditis, sarcocystosis, and lymph node atrophy. the bac ... | 1994 | 7933291 |
| partial purification and characterization of bone morphogenetic protein from bone matrix of the premature moose (alces alces): degradation of bone-inducing activity during storage. | in spite of the advances in recombinant techniques in the production of bone morphogenetic proteins (bmps), the best clinical results so far have been obtained with human and animal source-extracted bmps. also, the poor availability of recombinant products gives rise to continued research with different extracted and purified proteins. in a search for a new source of bone-matrix-derived bmp with high osteoinductive activity, bmp was extracted from fresh bone matrix of the premature moose (alces ... | 1996 | 8954322 |
| [changes in the number of deer louse-flies lipoptena cervi (hippoboscidae) in the forests of northwestern russia]. | long term observations of the abundance fluctuations of the deer louse-fly lipoptena cervi were carried out in forest areas of the leningrad, novgorod and pskov provinces in 1988-1995. the registration of the winged individuals was held in the period of the mass flight in august by the number of deer louse-flies attacking a collector man during 1 km of the pathway. the abundance of deer louse-flies was being high everywhere up to 1993, while it decreased by 8-29 times in 1994-1995. the reason of ... | 1996 | 8984438 |
| [further studies on parasitic arthropods of the elk alces alces in poland]. | in the northeastern part of poland, 239 elks (5% of the polish population) were examined and 7 species of ectoparasites were found. the most frequent included: lipoptena cervi (94%) and chorioptes texanus is new species in poland and it was noted at 50 sites from warmia and the mazurian lake district. | 1996 | 9012137 |
| low major histocompatibility complex class ii diversity in european and north american moose. | major histocompatibility complex (mhc) genes encode cell surface proteins whose function is to bind and present intracellularly processed peptides to t lymphocytes of the immune system. extensive mhc diversity has been documented in many species and is maintained by some form of balancing selection. we report here that both european and north american populations of moose (alces alces) exhibit very low levels of genetic diversity at an expressed mhc class ii drb locus. the observed polymorphism ... | 1995 | 7753793 |
| association of a retrovirus with a wasting condition in the swedish moose. | a wasting disease in moose (alces alces) has killed more than one thousand animals in a densely populated, limited geographical area in sweden. to investigate the cause, local environmental conditions were studied and infectious agents, mainly viruses, were looked for. a virus, identified as a retrovirus, has repeatedly been isolated from diseased animals by cocultivation of their leukocytes with fetal moose kidney cells. the virus has the characteristics of a member of the oncovirinae subfamily ... | 1994 | 7518166 |
| [changes in the placenta of the elk alces alces l. during pregnancy (morphometric research)]. | elk placentomes were studied during different stages of pregnancy using morphometry and optico-structural computerised analysis. histological sections and smears from the surface of placentome section were made for that. placentome were obtained from animals subjected to legal shooting in hunting districts of novosibirsk. the attention was focused on the examination of cellular elements that constitute a trophoblastic lining and on distribution of capillaries maximally close to trophoblast in ch ... | 1997 | 9156763 |
| experimental infection of mule deer with parelaphostrongylus tenuis. | six adult and three fawn mule deer (odocoileus hemionus) were experimentally infected with a range of 75-100 infective larvae of parelaphostrongylus tenuis. five of the six adult deer developed clinical signs of neurologic disease that terminated in paralysis between 35 and 80 days. the sixth deer developed slight signs of neurologic disease for 10 days, but recovered. all three mule deer fawns developed neurologic disease. adult meningeal worms were recovered from the subdural space of the spin ... | 1980 | 7463606 |
| [the finding of eimeria alces (eucoccidiida) in the elk alces alces of bryansk province]. | the microsporidia eimeria alces, arnastauskiene, 1971 has been recorded from fecal probes of elks (alces alces) in bryansk province. the oocyst measure 40.6 + 2.0 x x 28.6 + 1.0 mkm. | 1997 | 9304107 |
| comparison of native xenogeneic and allogeneic bone morphogenetic proteins in the sheep skull defect assay model. | the purpose of this study was to determine, if there is any difference in the osteoinductive response between xenogeneic and allogeneic bone morphogenetic protein (bmp) in the skull defect assay model. | 1997 | 9435939 |
| antibodies to the california group of arboviruses in animal populations of new brunswick. | wild and domestic animals of new brunswick were tested serologically for antibodies to the california group (cal) of arboviruses. deer (odocoileus virginianus) blood collected during 1976 showed 6 of 129 (4.7%) sera with neutralizing antibodies to the snowshoe hare strain (ssh) of cal. neutralization tests on moose (alces alces americana clinton) sera collected during 1979 indicated 94 of 127 (74%) with antibodies to ssh, 4 of 127 (3.2%) with antibodies to the jamestown canyon strain (jc) of cal ... | 1982 | 7066765 |
| the isolation of trypsin and elastase from moose pancreas (alces alces) by affinity chromatography on lima-bean protease inhibitor-sepharose resin. | | 1974 | 4854923 |
| sex identification of elk (cervus elaphus canadensis), moose (alces alces), and white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) using the polymerase chain reaction. | we have developed a pcr-based protocol to determine the gender of tissue samples originating from elk (cervus elaphus canadensis), moose (alces alces) and white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus). the technique simultaneously amplifies a conserved region of the sex-determining gene on the y-chromosome (sry) and a region of the fragile x mental retardation gene (fmr-1). the multiplex nature of this protocol allows the determination of gender using the sry marker with the fmr-1 marker providing ... | 1998 | 9608686 |
| new phylogenetic perspectives on the cervidae (artiodactyla) are provided by the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene. | the entire mitochondrial cytochrome b (cyt b) gene was compared for 11 species of the artiodactyl family cervidae, representing all living subfamilies, i.e., the antlered cervinae (cervus elaphus, c. nippon, dama dama), muntiacinae (muntiacus reevesi), and odocoileinae (odocoileus hemionus, mazama sp., capreolus capreolus, c. pygargus, rangifer tarandus, alces alces); and the antlerless hydropotinae (hydropotes inermis). phylogenetic analyses using tragulidae, antilocapridae, giraffidae and bovi ... | 1998 | 9628037 |
| tissue migration of elaphostrongylus spp. in guinea pigs (cavia porcellus). | third-stage larvae of elaphostrongylus cervi, originating from red deer (cervus elaphus), first reached the central nervous system (cns) of guinea pigs (cavia porcellus) 11 days postinfection (dpi). neurologic signs were seen between 11 and 62 dpi in 4 of a total of 18 infected guinea pigs killed up to 112 dpi. animals showing signs had 3 or more larvae in the cns. only 1, of a total of 1,114 larvae recovered, had developed to the fourth stage at 40 dpi. a direct tissue migration by third-stage ... | 1998 | 9794639 |
| [malignant catarrhal fever in zoo ruminants]. | an outbreak of malignant catarrhal fever (mcf) in indian gauer (bos gaurus gaurus) and javan banteng (bos javanicus javanicus) occurred in the year 1964 and killed almost all animals of the groups of these species kept at the munich zoo at that time. in the consecutive years at highly irregular intervals cases of the head-and-eye-form of mcf occurred sporadically at the zoo in european and american bison (bison bonasus, b. bison' bison, b. bison athabascae), elk (alces alces), red deer (cervus e ... | 1998 | 9810608 |
| phylogeny of wapiti, red deer, sika deer, and other north american cervids as determined from mitochondrial dna. | red deer (cervus elaphus) are divided into three subspecific groups; the first group includes seven subspecies from europe and northern africa, the second group includes seven subspecies from central asia, and the third group includes nine subspecies from eastern asia, siberia, and north america. recognition of the north american wapiti as a species has been denied on the basis of morphological similarity with red deer and the circumpolar distribution of c. elaphus. sika deer (c. nippon), which ... | 1998 | 9878235 |
| in search of biomonitors for cadmium: cadmium content of wild swedish fauna during 1973-1976. | forty-five species of birds and 22 species of mammals of the terrestrial and aquatic fauna, herbivores as well as carnivores, were investigated during the period 1973-1976 for cadmium-accumulating properties in order to find biomonitors for cadmium in the swedish environment. the herbivores of the terrestrial fauna, birds as well as mammals, are preferred to carnivores, since they demonstrate generally higher renal cd levels. the moose (alces alces), roe deer (capreolus capreolus) and hare (lepu ... | 1986 | 3810147 |
| experimental narthecium ossifragum nephrotoxicity in cervids from norway. | one moose (alces alces), two red deer (cervus elaphus), two reindeer (rangifer tarandus) and two fallow deer (dama dama) were dosed intraruminally with an aqueous extract made from 30 g of bog asphodel (narthecium ossifragum) (wet weight) per kg live weight. the moose and one of the two reindeer were mildly depressed and had reduced appetite 3 to 7 days and 1 to 4 days after dosing, respectively. the serum creatinine and urea concentrations increased markedly in the moose and red deer, and moder ... | 1999 | 10073342 |
| toxic nephrosis in moose in norway. | during the summers 1995/96, toxic nephrosis was diagnosed in nine free-living moose (alces alces) from aust-agder county in southern norway. histopathological kidney lesions included tubular degeneration and necrosis, tubular regeneration, and interstitial fibrosis. the disease was probably caused by ingestion of the toxic plants, bog asphodel (narthecium ossifragum) or oak (quercus spp.). | 1999 | 10073363 |
| tick (dermacentor albipictus)-induced winter hair-loss in captive moose (alces alces). | five captive moose calves each infested with 42,000 larval dermacentor albipictus, six calves each infested with 19,000-21,000, and five control moose were observed for changes in hair-loss, body condition and number, stages, and distribution of the tick. winter hair-loss was observed only in moose infested with ticks and was correlated positively with the total number of adult ticks. hair-loss associated with ticks was minimal from october to january, but rapidly increased from february to apri ... | 1986 | 3503137 |
| growth and development of winter tick, dermacentor albipictus, on moose, alces alces. | moose, alces alces, were infested with 21,000 or 42,000 larval dermacentor albipictus at the end of september. larvae grew rapidly and molted to the nymphal stage 10-22 days after infestation. the nymphal stage lasted approximately 3 mo until mid-january and was characterized by a diapause. the diapause is likely an adaptation to survival in cold climates. nymphs started engorging in january and adults were seen with increasing abundance from mid-january to march and april. the minimum parasitic ... | 1988 | 3397828 |
| parasites of moose (alces alces) from an agricultural area of eastern ontario. | viscera of 16 moose and hide samples of 24 moose (alces alces) shot in eastern ontario in 1985 were examined for parasites. two species of trematodes, one species of cestode, five species of nematodes and one species of tick were recovered. one nematode species, trichuris discolor, is reported for the first time from moose. our results suggest that the parasite fauna of the moose may have been influenced by the absence or scarcity of other species of wild cervids or carnivores and by the presenc ... | 1988 | 3373648 |
| use of western immunoblot analysis for testing moose serum for brucella suis biovar 4 specific antibodies. | to determine if 12 moose (alces alces) from northern alaska with agglutinating antibodies specific for brucella spp. had been exposed to either b. suis biovar 4 or b. abortus biovar 1, western immnnoblot serologic analysis was performed. differential serologic responses to strain specific a and m antigenic variances of the lipopolysaccharide o-polysaccharide sugar allowed strain identification. prior to examination, test sera were absorbed with killed whole cells from either b. abortus biovar 1, ... | 1999 | 10479098 |
| the melanocyte-stimulating hormone receptor (mc1-r) gene as a tool in evolutionary studies of artiodactyles. | the complete coding region of the melanocyte-stimulating hormone receptor (mc1-r) gene was characterized in species belonging to the two families bovidae and cervidae; cattle (bos taurus), sheep (ovis aries), goat (capra hircus), muskox (ovibos moschatus), roe deer (capreolus capreolus), reindeer (rangifer tarandus), moose (alces alces), red deer (cervus elaphus) and fallow deer (dama dama). this well conserved gene is a central regulator of mammalian coat colour. examination of the interspecies ... | 1999 | 10628296 |
| a review of wildlife diseases from scandinavia. | the epidemiological and historical aspects of some important and representative wildlife diseases from scandinavia are discussed. in noninfectious diseases, examples include cataract in moose (alces alces), atherosclerosis in hybrid hares (lepus timidus x l. europaeus), and ethmoid tumors in moose. the epizootiological and historical aspects of the recent epizootics of myxomatosis in european rabbits (oryctolagus cuniculus) and rabies and sarcoptic mange in red foxes (vulpes vulpes) are reviewed ... | 1987 | 3316719 |
| the 'mysterious' disease in swedish moose. concentrations of trace elements in liver and kidneys and clinical chemistry. comparison with experimental molybdenosis and copper deficiency in the goat. | moose (alces alces l.) affected by a disease with unknown aetiology were compared with healthy moose regarding trace element concentrations in liver and kidneys, as well as certain clinical chemical parameters of blood plasma. the diseased moose showed decreased hepatic concentrations of cu, cd and mg. renal concentrations of cd, co, mg and mn were also decreased. substantially increased concentrations in both liver and kidneys were seen for al, ca, fe, pb and zn, while se and mo were increased ... | 2000 | 10813451 |
| a syndrome of molybdenosis, copper deficiency, and type 2 diabetes in the moose population of south-west sweden. | since the mid-1980s, a 'mysterious' disease has been afflicting the moose (alces alces l.) population of south-western sweden. molybdenosis combined with secondary copper deficiency syndrome has been suggested as the cause of the clinical signs and of necropsy findings, supported by trace element analysis. copper deficiency has long been associated with disturbed carbohydrate metabolism and also with oxidative stress. when testing the oxidative stress hypothesis, we found increased concentration ... | 2000 | 10813452 |
| experimental copper and chromium deficiency and additional molybdenum supplementation in goats. i. feed consumption and weight development. | secondary cu deficiency, cr deficiency and molybdenosis were suggested causes of the 'mysterious' disease afflicting moose (alces alces l.) in a region in south-west sweden affected by acid rain. a model experiment with goats was performed to study the clinical chemical parameters, determine the tissue contents of trace and minor elements, to perform pathological and histopathological investigations and to compare the findings with those in moose disease. twenty 3-month-old male goats were assig ... | 2000 | 10813453 |
| serologic survey for toxoplasma gondii in selected wildlife species from alaska. | blood was collected from selected wildlife species in specific areas of alaska (usa) during 1976-96. a modified agglutination test was used to test sera for evidence of exposure to toxoplasma gondii. serum antibody prevalence was 43% (62 positive of 143 tested) for black bears (ursus americanus), 9% (11/125) for wolves (canis lupus), 7% (22/319) for dall sheep (ovis dalli), 6% (14/241) for caribou (rangifer tarandus), 1% (3/240) for moose (alces alces), and 1% (2/241) for bison (bison bison). a ... | 2000 | 10813602 |
| association of moraxella ovis with keratoconjunctivitis in mule deer and moose in wyoming. | six cases of infectious keratoconjunctivitis (ikc) in mule deer (odocoileus hemionus) and moose (alces alces) in wyoming (usa) were investigated during fall and winter of 1995 and 1996. excessive lacrimation, mucopurulent conjunctivitis, keratitis, and corneal opacity were observed in mule deer. moose had severe mucopurulent conjunctivitis, keratitis, and corneal ulceration. hemolytic, non-piliated moraxella ovis was isolated from two mule deer and two moose. we attempted to reproduce ikc in thr ... | 2000 | 10813605 |
| intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies associated with vesicular, ulcerative and necrotizing lesions of the digestive mucosa of a roedeer (capreolus capreolus l.) and a moose (alces alces l.). | | 1987 | 2833849 |
| evaluation of random sampling for estimating density of winter ticks (dermacentor albipictus) on moose (alces alces) hides. | densities of winter ticks (dermacentor albipictus) were determined on each of 20 moose (alces alces) half-hides by dissolving 100 cm2 quadrats in potassium hydroxide solution. data were then used to determine the optimum sampling fraction for estimating tick densities. random sampling was applied to 20 additional half-hides of known tick density to assess the accuracy of the estimates. we conclude that random sampling of 15% of the quadrats produces a good estimate of tick density. total numbers ... | 1989 | 2807724 |
| ceruloplasmin as an indicator of copper reserves in wild ruminants at high latitudes. | northern ungulates must establish trace mineral reserves when forage is available in spring and summer to sustain biochemical activities through the long winter. copper (cu), zinc (zn) and iron (fe) reserves were measured in the serum, digestive tract, liver, and kidney of six male caribou and reindeer (rangifer tarandus) fed a complete pelleted ration. dry matter content and absolute amounts of cu, zn and fe were highest in the liver. digesta contents of cu and zn were greatest in the rumen but ... | 2001 | 11310884 |