| haemaphysalis juxtakochi, ixodes pararicinus (ixodidae) and otobius megnini (argasidae) in relation to the phytogeography of argentina. | the phytogeographical distributions of haemaphysalis juxtakochi, ixodes pararicinus and otobius megnini in argentina are described from material collected mainly from 1978 to the present. h. juxtakochi was found in the northwestern area of the amazonian domain and in the chaco, espinal and pampean provinces of the chaco domain. it was detected on mazama spp., tapirus terrestris, dog, cattle and on the vegetation. most findings of i. pararicinus were from mountain rangeland, where it was found on ... | 1992 | 1290380 |
| [sarcoptes mange (sarcoptes tapiri nov. spec.) in tapirs (tapirus terrestris l.)]. | | 1967 | 5601173 |
| primary amebic meningoencephalitis due to naegleria fowleri in a south american tapir. | naegleria fowleri, acanthamoeba spp., and balamuthia mandrillaris are known to cause fatal central nervous system (cns) disease in human beings. n. fowleri causes acute, fulminating primary amebic meningoencephalitis (pam), which generally leads to death within 10 days. acanthamoeba spp. and b. mandrillaris cause chronic granulomatous amebic encephalitis, which may last for 8 weeks. acanthamoeba spp. and b. mandrillaris also cause cns disease in animals. n. fowleri, however, has been described o ... | 1997 | 9163883 |
| genetically engineered mengo virus vaccination of multiple captive wildlife species. | encephalomyocarditis virus (emcv), has caused the deaths of many species of animals in zoological parks and research institutions. the audubon park zoo, (new orleans, louisiana, usa) attempted vaccination of several species with a killed emcv vaccine with mixed results. this paper reports an attempt at vaccination against emcv using a genetically engineered, live attenuated mengo virus (vmc0) at the audubon park zoo and miami metro zoo, (miami, florida, usa) from december 1996 to june 1997. seve ... | 1999 | 10231768 |
| [a south american tapir (tapirus terrestris) with peritonitis]. | a 6-year-old male tapir was admitted because it had been anorexic for 1 day. on admission, the tapir weighed 160 kg. its rectal temperature was 32.4 degrees c, its heart rate was 120 beats per minute, and its respiratory rate was 12 breaths per minute. the elasticity of the skin was diminished. haematological evaluation upon admission revealed a haematocrit of 0.63 l.l-1., 6.0 g.l-1 leucocytes with 40 per cent band neutrophils. the concentrations of urea nitrogen and creatinine in plasma were ra ... | 1999 | 10486867 |
| amblyomma latepunctatum, a valid tick species (acari: ixodidae) long misidentified with both amblyomma incisum and amblyomma scalpturatum. | in 2000, we initiated an investigation on the tick fauna of rondônia state, where we collected many specimens of amblyomma scalpturatum neumann, 1906 and amblyomma incisum neumann, 1906. in addition, we also collected a third group of ticks that were morphologically closely related to those 2 species, but sufficiently different to be considered a distinct species; members of this group were subsequently identified as amblyomma latepunctatum tonelli-rondelli, 1939, through comparison with the typ ... | 2005 | 16108543 |
| iron storage disease in tapirs. | recent studies of serum iron and iron binding capacity have indicated that tapirs could be at risk of developing hemochromatosis. however, in recent surveys of pathologic findings in tapirs, hemochromatosis was not reported as a cause of death. this study reviews necropsy reports from three species of tapir (baird's tapir [tapirus bairdii], malayan tapir [tapirus indicus], and brazilian tapir [tapirus terrestris]) at the philadelphia zoological garden between 1902 and 1994. twelve cases of hemos ... | 2006 | 17312812 |
| pseudoparasitism by calodium hepaticum (syn. capillaria hepatica; hepaticola hepatica) in the negro river, brazilian amazon. | we report the finding of eggs of calodium spp. (syn. capillaria spp.; hepaticola spp.) in a fecal sample from an old woman living in a riverine community in the negro river basin and describe the associated epidemiological investigation. the case probably does not represent true parasitism; the eggs, which were compatible with the species calodium hepaticum, were most likely ingested upon consumption of infected tapir (tapirus terrestris) liver, subsequently passing through the gut and being eli ... | 2009 | 19477475 |
| hosts, distribution and genetic divergence (16s rdna) of amblyomma dubitatum (acari: ixodidae). | we supply information about hosts and distribution of amblyomma dubitatum. in addition, we carry out an analysis of genetic divergence among specimens of a. dubitatum from different localities and with respect to other neotropical amblyomma species, using sequences of 16s rdna gene. although specimens of a. dubitatum were collected on several mammal species as cattle horse, tapirus terrestris, mazama gouazoubira, tayassu pecari, sus scrofa, cerdocyon thous, myocastor coypus, allouata caraya, glo ... | 2010 | 20084537 |
| serologic survey for selected infectious diseases in free-ranging brazilian tapirs (tapirus terrestris) in the cerrado of central brazil. | from september 2000 to january 2002, a serologic survey was conducted in a population of free-ranging brazilian tapirs (tapirus terrestris) inhabiting emas national park and surrounding areas in goiás state, central brazil, as part of an ecologic study. ten tapirs were immobilized with a tiletamine-zolazepam combination, and blood samples were collected. all sera were negative for leptospira spp., brucella abortus, and equine infectious anemia; and one of 10 animals was positive for toxoplasma g ... | 2010 | 20722266 |
| amblyomma hadanii n. sp. (acari: ixodidae), a tick from northwestern argentina previously confused with amblyomma coelebs neumann, 1899. | all stages of amblyomma hadanii n. sp. (acari: ixodidae) are described from northwestern argentina. the diagnostic characters for males are a combination of the pattern of scutal ornamentation, basis capituli dorsally rectangular with cornua, coxa i with two subequal spurs (the internal wider, the external longer), coxae ii-iii with a single spur, coxa iv with a single spur not reaching level of anus, ventral plates irregular in shape (larger and sometimes with a small incision on festoons 4, 5 ... | 2014 | 24935128 |
| seed dispersal and predation of buchenavia tomentosa eichler (combretaceae) in a cerrado sensu stricto, midwest brazil. | the ecology of seed dispersal is critical to understand the patterns of distribution and abundance of plant species. we investigated seed dispersal aspects associated with the high abundance of buchenavia tomentosa in the serra azul state park (pesa). we estimated fruit production and conducted fruit removal experiments. we carried out diurnal and nocturnal observations on frugivory as well as germination tests. fruiting occurred in the dry season and totaled 1,365,015 ± 762,670 fruits.ha-1. b. ... | 2015 | 26602355 |
| zygomycetes from herbivore dung in the ecological reserve of dois irmãos, northeast brazil. | thirty-eight taxa of zygomycetes distributed in 15 genera were recorded from tapir (tapirus terrestris), camel (camelus bactrianus), horse (equus caballus), deer (cervus elaphus), agouti (dasyprocta aguti), donkey (equus asinus), llama (llama glama) and waterbuck (kobus ellipsiprymnus) dung collected at the reserva ecológica de dois irmãos located in recife, state of pernambuco, northeast brazil. the samples were collected on a monthly basis from june 2005 to may 2006, taken to the laboratory an ... | 2011 | 24031609 |
| morphological and molecular characterization and phylogenetic relationships of a new species of trypanosome in tapirus terrestris (lowland tapir), trypanosoma terrestris sp. nov., from atlantic rainforest of southeastern brazi. | the lowland tapir (tapirus terrestris) is the largest brazilian mammal and despite being distributed in various brazilian biomes, it is seriously endangered in the atlantic rainforest. these hosts were never evaluated for the presence of trypanosoma parasites. | 2013 | 24330660 |
| functional redundancy and complementarities of seed dispersal by the last neotropical megafrugivores. | functional redundancy has been debated largely in ecology and conservation, yet we lack detailed empirical studies on the roles of functionally similar species in ecosystem function. large bodied frugivores may disperse similar plant species and have strong impact on plant recruitment in tropical forests. the two largest frugivores in the neotropics, tapirs (tapirus terrestris) and muriquis (brachyteles arachnoides) are potential candidates for functional redundancy on seed dispersal effectivene ... | 2013 | 23409161 |
| use of filter papers to determine seroprevalence of toxoplasma gondii among hunted ungulates in remote peruvian amazon. | toxoplasmosis is a zoonosis caused by the protozoan toxoplasma gondii, and it is found worldwide. to determine whether ungulates are reservoirs of t. gondii in an isolated and remote region of the northeastern peruvian amazon, antibodies to t. gondii were determined in 5 species of ungulates by the modified agglutination test (mat). these animals were hunted by subsistence hunters along the yavarí-mirín river, in the northeastern peruvian amazon. blood samples were collected by hunters on filter ... | 2014 | 24918073 |
| natural infection of the south american tapir ( tapirus terrestris ) by theileria equi. | theileria equi is a tick-borne piroplasm considered endemic in equines in brazil. the cohabitation of domestic and wild animals in areas of extensive cattle breeding favors the close contact between different species and the sharing of vectors and, consequently, pathogens. we report the natural infection of a young south american tapir ( tapirus terrestris ) by t. equi in mato grosso do sul, brazil. although it was not possible to associate the clinical and hematologic status of the animal with ... | 2017 | 28151085 |
| detection of rd(rio) strain of mycobacterium tuberculosis in tapirs (tapirus terrestris) from a zoo in brazil. | tuberculosis is a chronic infection caused by strains of the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and occurs in both animal and human populations. the death of a tapir showing purulent material and a hard mass in the lungs at necropsy raised suspicion of a potential disease caused by mycobacteria species in a brazilian zoo. later, two other tapirs with similar signs died and were further investigated. polymerase chain reaction (pcr) from bronco-alveolar lavages was performed, and both animals test ... | 2012 | 23272356 |
| escherichia coli-producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamase ctx-m-15 in a captive south american tapir (tapirus terrestris). | only a few reports exist on the occurrence of resistant bacteria in zoo animals. therefore, an isolation of multiresistant escherichia coli from the lungs of a captive south american tapir (tapirus terrestris) lead to its characterization and further investigation of samples from animals inhabiting the same paddock and from the shared environment. the tapir suffered from an intermandibular abscess and pneumonia and was euthanatized after unsuccessful therapy, including administration of antibiot ... | 2013 | 23505722 |
| health assessment of wild lowland tapir (tapirus terrestris) populations in the atlantic forest and pantanal biomes, brazil (1996-2012). | abstract the lowland tapir (tapirus terrestris) is found in south america and is listed as vulnerable to extinction by the international union for conservation of nature, red list of threatened species. health issues, particularly infectious diseases, are potential threats for the species. health information from 65 wild tapirs from two brazilian biomes, atlantic forest (af) and pantanal (pa), were collected during a long-term study (1996-2012). the study included physic, hematologic and biochem ... | 2014 | 25105810 |
| [the mm. suriculares of tapirus terrestris l. 1766]. | | 1994 | 159647 |
| seroprevalence of toxoplasma gondhi antibodies in captive wild mammals and birds in brazil. | in this study, serum samples of 203 animals from different locations, from zoos and breeding facilities from the north and northeast regions of brazil, were analyzed for the presence of anti-toxoplasma gondii antibodies by the modified agglutination test (mat) with a cutoff of 1:25. of the sampled animals, 184 were adult mammals of both sexes and 19 were birds. antibodies were found in 61 of 184 mammals, and no association between sex and age of the animals and the presence of t. gondii antibodi ... | 2010 | 20945665 |
| retention of fluid and particles in captive tapirs (tapirus sp.). | the retention of ingesta in the digestive tract is a major characteristic of herbivorous animals. we measured particle and fluid mean retention times (mrt) in 13 lowland tapirs (tapirus terrestris) and 5 malayan tapirs (tapirus indicus) from five zoological institutions on their usual zoo diet and 2 lowland and 4 malayan tapirs additionally on roughage-only diets (total n of trials=24) with cobalt-edta as fluid and chromium-mordanted fibre (<2 mm) as particle markers. mrt for fluid and particles ... | 2010 | 20363350 |
| differences in fecal particle size between free-ranging and captive individuals of two browser species. | data from captive animals indicated that browsing (br) ruminants have larger fecal particles-indicative of lesser chewing efficiency-than grazers (gr). to answer whether this reflects fundamental differences between the animal groups, or different reactions of basically similar organisms to diets fed in captivity, we compared mean fecal particle size (mps) in a gr and a br ruminant (aurox bos primigenius taurus, giraffe giraffa camelopardalis) and a gr and a br hindgut fermenter (przewalski's ho ... | 2008 | 19360605 |
| [seasonal evaluation of mammal species richness and abundance in the "mário viana" municipal reserve, mato grosso, brasil]. | we evaluated seasonal species presence and richness, and abundance of medium and large sized mammalian terrestrial fauna in the "mário viana" municipal biological reserve, nova xavantina, mato grosso, brazil. during 2001, two monthly visits were made to an established transect, 2,820 m in length. records of 22 mammal species were obtained and individual footprint sequences quantified for seasonal calculation of species richness and relative abundance index (x footprints/km traveled). all 22 spec ... | 2006 | 18491629 |
| multidirectional cross-species painting illuminates the history of karyotypic evolution in perissodactyla. | the order perissodactyla, the group of odd-toed ungulates, includes three extant families: equidae, tapiridae, and rhinocerotidae. the extremely rapid karyotypic diversification in perissodactyls has so far prevented the establishment of genome-wide homology maps between these three families by traditional cytogenetic approaches. here we report the first genome-wide comparative chromosome maps of african rhinoceroses, four tapir species, four equine species, and humans. these maps were establish ... | 2008 | 18293107 |
| a fatal attack caused by a lowland tapir (tapirus terrestris) in southeastern brazil. | a 55-year-old man was attacked by a brazilian tapir (tapirus terrestris) after surprising and stabbing the animal in his corn plantation. the victim received deep bites in the thighs, neck, and cervical areas, resulting in severe hemorrhage and death. this is the first report of a tapir incident resulting in death and is of interest because of the severity of the contusions and lacerations caused by the provoked animal. | 2005 | 15974259 |
| the caudal intercarotid artery in species of order perissodactyla. | the caudal intercarotid artery was investigated in 6 species of equidae family and in lowland tapir of tapiridae family. it was found that this artery connects bilateral intracranial segments of the internal carotid artery. it is located in the cavernous and intercavernous sinuses, caudal to the hypophysis. this artery being constant vessel in horse, is also permanent vessel in other species of equidae family. it is homologous with anastomising vessel in fishes, amphibia, reptiles and birds. | 1999 | 14663759 |
| tuberculosis in seals caused by a novel member of the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex: mycobacterium pinnipedii sp. nov. | a comparison of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex isolates from seals (pinnipeds) in australia, argentina, uruguay, great britain and new zealand was undertaken to determine their relationships to each other and their taxonomic position within the complex. isolates from 30 cases of tuberculosis in six species of pinniped and seven related isolates were compared to representative and standard strains of the m. tuberculosis complex. the seal isolates could be distinguished from other members of t ... | 2003 | 13130011 |
| survey of tuberculin testing in swedish zoos. | tuberculin test results from 214 animals in three swedish zoos, tested between the years 1993 and 2000, were compiled from a questionnaire sent out to zoo veterinarians. comparative testing with bovine and avian tuberculin was used on various sites of injection. a total of five skin test reactors were found: three cotton-top tamarins (saguinus oedipus) in one zoo and two tapirs (tapirus terrestris) in another zoo. postmortem culture from one of the tapirs revealed growth of mycobacterium tubercu ... | 2002 | 12564537 |
| the caroticobasilar artery in species of order perissodactyla. | the caroticobasilar artery was investigated in animals of order perissodactyla, in species of equidae family, and in lowland tapir of tapridae family. it was found that the caroticobasilar artery forms homolateral or bilateral anastomosis between the basilar and internal carotid arteries or in horse and other species of equidae family between basilar and caudal intercarotid arteries. the caroticobasilar artery was found in all species of equidae family, in all zebras and in one tapir. | 1997 | 9635362 |
| tapironema coronatum n. gen., n. sp. (trichostrongyloidea-cooperiidae-obeliscoidinae), a parasite of holochilus brasiliensis and tapirus terrestris. | in this paper we provide a description of tapironema coronatum n. gen. n. sp. (trichostrongyloidea, obeliscoidinae) from the cricetid holochilus brasiliensis or "water rat" in argentina (type material) and from tapirus terrestris in french guyana (voucher material in poor condition). the new genus is characterized by a corona radiata, an oesophageal tooth, a bilaterally synlophe with about 73 (male), 122 (female) cuticular ridges, a caudal bursa pattern 2-1-2 with rays 5 and 6 parallel and close ... | 1997 | 9587607 |
| [perissodactyla: the primary structure of hemoglobins from the lowland tapir (tapirus terrestris): glutamic acid in position 2 of the beta chains]. | the hemoglobins from a lowland tapir (tapirus terrestris) were analysed and the complete primary structure is described. the globin chains were separated on cm cellulose column in 8m urea and the amino-acid sequences were determined in the liquid phase sequenator. the results show that globin consists of two alpha chains (alpha i and alpha ii) and beta major and beta minor components. the alpha chains differ only at one position: alpha i contains aspartic acid and alpha ii glycine. the beta chai ... | 1984 | 6149994 |
| detection of leishmania (v) guyanensis in rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (acari: ixodidae) collected from pecari tajacu. | previous studies identified the presence of leishmania infantum in rhipicephalus sanguineus and indicated the possibility that it could transmit leishmaniasis to a variety of hosts. | 2017 | 29161493 |
| the occurrence of an abdominal fauna in an articulated tapir (tapirus polkensis) from the late miocene gray fossil site, northeastern tennessee. | the analysis of samples recovered from the abdominal area of an articulated tapir (tapirus polkensis) from the late miocene (4.5-7 million bp) gray fossil site (gfs) revealed a rich palyno-fauna comprised of about 94% egg/oocyst-like structures and 6% pollen and other palynomorphs. in addition, a group of 6 hickory nuts (carya) was recovered from the same area suggesting that the samples represent the abdominal contents. the analysis of a sample from immediately outside the tapir produced a samp ... | 0 | 23586562 |
| a comparison of zoo animal behavior in the presence of familiar and unfamiliar people. | as recorded in domestic nonhuman animals, regular interactions between animals in zoos and keepers and the resulting relationship formed (human-animal relationship [har]) are likely to influence the animals' behaviors with associated welfare consequences. har formation requires that zoo animals distinguish between familiar and unfamiliar people. this ability was tested by comparing zoo animal behavioral responses to familiar (routine) keepers and unfamiliar keepers (participants in the "keeper f ... | 2016 | 26960022 |
| assessment of mammal reproduction for hunting sustainability through community-based sampling of species in the wild. | wildlife subsistence hunting is a major source of protein for tropical rural populations and a prominent conservation issue. the intrinsic rate of natural increase. (rmax ) of populations is a key reproductive parameter in the most used assessments of hunting sustainability. however, researchers face severe difficulties in obtaining reproductive data in the wild, so these assessments often rely on classic reproductive rates calculated mostly from studies of captive animals conducted 30 years ago ... | 2016 | 27917537 |
| attractiveness of native mammal's feces of different trophic guilds to dung beetles (coleoptera: scarabaeinae). | mammal feces are the primary food and nesting resource for the majority of dung beetle species, and larval development depends on the quantity and quality of that resource. physiological necessities, competitive interactions, and resource sharing are common and suggest that dung beetles may show preferences for feces of greater nutritional quality, which may in turn impact beetle assemblages and community structure. this study investigated whether attractiveness of dung beetles to different reso ... | 2014 | 25528749 |
| first evidences of amazonian wildlife feeding on petroleum-contaminated soils: a new exposure route to petrogenic compounds? | videos recorded with infrared camera traps placed in petroleum contaminated areas of the peruvian amazon have shown that four wildlife species, the most important for indigenous peoples' diet (lowland tapir, paca, red-brocket deer and collared peccary), consume oil-contaminated soils and water. further research is needed to clarify whether amazonian wildlife's geophagy can be a route of exposure to petrogenic contamination for populations living in the vicinity of oil extraction areas and relyin ... | 2018 | 29103585 |
| intestinal ciliates (alveolata, ciliophora) in brazilian domestic horses (equus caballus l.) and a review on the ciliate communities associated with horses around the world. | the aims of this study were to identify and quantify the gastrointestinal ciliates from brazilian domestic horses, to compare the data obtained with previous studies and to review data on ciliate communities associated with horses around the world. we used eight domestic horses, kept under extensive management. fecal samples were obtained immediately after defecation of animals and fixed in 18.5% formaldehyde. we identify 24 species of endosymbiotic ciliates, distributed in two subclasses, two o ... | 2019 | 31716156 |
| influence of digestive morphology on resource partitioning in amazonian ungulates. | resource partitioning of diet and habitat use was studied in the entire amazonian ungulate community of northeastern peru, which comprises the red brocket deer (mazama americana), grey brocket deer (m. gouazoubira), collared peccary (tayassu tajacu), white-lipped peccary (t. pecari), and lowland tapir (tapirus terrestris). each ungulate species partitioned at least one type of resource from every other species. digestive morphology had a greater influence on resource partitioning of diet than bo ... | 1991 | 28312040 |
| natural theileria equi infection in captive tapirus terrestris (perissodactyla: tapiridae) in the brazilian amazon. | the objective of this study was to detect natural theileria equi infection in captive tapirs (tapirus terrestris) in the brazilian amazon. samples from 19 captive tapirs were collected from zoological and botanical gardens and conservation parks in the pará (n = 18) and amazonas (n = 1) states. whole-blood samples were collected for subsequent screening of t. equi dna by pcr using the bec-uf2 and equi-r primer set. microscopic analyses of blood smears revealed t. equi trophozoites in 37% (7/19) ... | 2020 | 32360027 |
| ungulate biomass in relation to feeding strategy within amazonian forests. | the relationship between diet and biomass was examined in the amazonian ungulates (red brocket deer, grey brocket deer, collared peccary, white-lipped peccary, and lowland tapir) of northeastern peru. tropical forest ungulates have lower biomasses than savanna or grassland ungulates, because in tropical forests the majority of primary production occurs in the canopy, well out of reach from terrestrial herbivores. within the amazonian ungulates, species that supplement their diet with animal mate ... | 1989 | 28312652 |
| interspecific variation in the tetradactyl manus of modern tapirs (perissodactyla: tapirus) exposed using geometric morphometrics. | the distal forelimb (autopodium) of quadrupedal mammals is a key morphological unit involved in locomotion, body support, and interaction with the substrate. the manus of the tapir (perissodactyla: tapirus) is unique within modern perissodactyls, as it retains the plesiomorphic tetradactyl (four-toed) condition also exhibited by basal equids and rhinoceroses. tapirs are known to exhibit anatomical mesaxonic symmetry in the manus, although interspecific differences and biomechanical mesaxony have ... | 2017 | 28707347 |
| health assessment of wild lowland tapirs (tapirus terrestris) in the highly threatened cerrado biome, brazil. | over 2 yr, we assessed the health of 35 lowland tapirs (tapirus terrestris) in the brazilian cerrado (ce) biome, an area that is highly affected by human activities. this involved physical examinations, hematology and blood biochemistry, urinalysis, fecal parasitologic evaluation, microbial profiling of anatomic cavities and lesions, and serologic surveys for evidence of infectious agents. research methods closely resembled those used in previous tapir health assessments in the atlantic forest ( ... | 2020 | 31526278 |
| comparative cranial ontogeny of tapirus (mammalia: perissodactyla: tapiridae). | skull morphology in tapirs is particularly interesting due to the presence of a proboscis with important trophic, sensory and behavioral functions. several studies have dealt with tapir skull osteology but chiefly in a comparative framework between fossil and recent species of tapirs. only one study examined an aspect of cranial ontogeny, development of the sagittal crest (holbrook. j zool soc lond 2002; 256; 215). our goal is to describe in detail the morphological changes that occur during the ... | 2017 | 28736808 |
| dental lesions in the lowland tapir (tapirus terrestris). | dental ailments, mandibular swelling, and dentoalveolar abscesses are common in tapirs, but knowledge about prevalence or etiology of these lesions in the tapiridae family in general, and in lowland tapirs (tapirus terrestris) in particular, is scarce. a recent study identified resorptive lesions of unknown etiology as a common problem in the malayan tapir (tapirus indicus). in order to investigate the type and prevalence of dental lesions occurring in lowland tapirs, and to compare these with f ... | 2015 | 26056895 |
| molecular identification of bartonella bacilliformis in ticks collected from two species of wild mammals in madre de dios: peru. | to study the presence of bartonella bacilliformis in ticks collected from two wild mammals in madre de dios, peru. | 2018 | 29941013 |
| phylogeography and spatial structure of the lowland tapir (tapirus terrestris, perissodactyla: tapiridae) in south america. | we sequenced the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene of 141 lowland tapirs (tapirus terrestris) - representing the largest geographical distribution sample of this species studied across of south america to date. we compare our new data regard to two previous works on population structure and molecular systematics of t. terrestris. our data agree with the thoisy et al.'s work in (1) the northern western amazon basin was the area with the highest gene diversity levels in t. terrestris, being probably ... | 2016 | 26000940 |
| measuring local depletion of terrestrial game vertebrates by central-place hunters in rural amazonia. | the degree to which terrestrial vertebrate populations are depleted in tropical forests occupied by human communities has been the subject of an intense polarising debate that has important conservation implications. conservation ecologists and practitioners are divided over the extent to which community-based subsistence offtake is compatible with ecologically functional populations of tropical forest game species. to quantify depletion envelopes of forest vertebrates around human communities, ... | 2017 | 29040340 |
| does plan b work? home range estimations from stored on board and transmitted data sets produced by gps-telemetry in the colombian amazon. | telemetry based on global positioning systems (gps) makes possible to gather large quantities of information in a very fine scale and work with species that were impossible to study in the past. when working with gps telemetry, the option of storing data on board could be more desirable than the sole satellite transmitted data, due to the increase in the amount of locations available for analysis. nonetheless, the uncertainty in the retrieving of the collar unit makes satellite-transmitted techn ... | 2016 | 29465908 |
| lowland tapir distribution and habitat loss in south america. | the development of species distribution models (sdms) can help conservation efforts by generating potential distributions and identifying areas of high environmental suitability for protection. our study presents a distribution and habitat map for lowland tapir in south america. we also describe the potential habitat suitability of various geographical regions and habitat loss, inside and outside of protected areas network. two different sdm approaches, maxent and enfa, produced relative differe ... | 2016 | 27672509 |
| can enrichment make brazilian tapir spend more time on view to the public? | one common visitor complaint in zoos is that the nonhuman animals are not visible. this problem needs to be resolved without compromising the animals' welfare; environmental enrichment could solve the problem. this study investigated whether enrichment would increase public exposure time of lowland tapir (tapirus terrestris) in the belo horizonte zoo in minas gerais, brazil. observations were made before (62 hr) and during (62 hr) the introduction of enrichment using focal animal sampling with i ... | 2015 | 25117174 |
| kinship and social behavior of lowland tapirs (tapirus terrestris) in a central amazon landscape. | we tested the hypothesis that tapirs tolerate individuals from adjacent and overlapping home ranges if they are related. we obtained genetic data from fecal samples collected in the balbina reservoir landscape, central amazon. samples were genotyped at 14 microsatellite loci, of which five produced high quality informative genotypes. based on an analysis of 32 individuals, we inferred a single panmictic population with high levels of heterozygosity. kinship analysis identified 10 pairs of full s ... | 2014 | 24671057 |
| seed germination from lowland tapir (tapirus terrestris) fecal samples collected during the dry season in the northern brazilian amazon. | this study evaluated the potential of lowland tapirs as seed dispersers in the northern brazilian amazon. the study analyzed the viability of seeds after passage through the gut. fecal samples were collected from 6 different vegetation physiognomies in viruá national park during the dry season. the samples were then kept in a greenhouse for 16 months to allow the seeds to germinate. the seedling species were identified and classified according to the type of fruit, plant habit, seed size and typ ... | 2013 | 23586561 |
| diet of lowland tapir (tapirus terrestris) in el rey national park, salta, argentina. | lowland tapir (tapirus terrestris) is the largest herbivore in the neotropics and, in argentina, it inhabits a variety of habitats from 100 to 2100 m asl. lowland tapirs importantly influence their habitat structure because they are selective browsers, seed predators and long-distance seed dispersers. however, increased knowledge of tapir ecology is necessary to support the conservation and management of the species in natural and human-modified environments. between jun 2002 and dec 2008 we ass ... | 2013 | 23586559 |
| unveiling the diet of elusive rainforest herbivores in next generation sequencing era? the tapir as a case study. | characterizing the trophic relationships between large herbivores and the outstanding plant diversity in rainforest is a major challenge because of their elusiveness. this is crucial to understand the role of these herbivores in the functioning of the rainforest ecosystems. we tested a non-invasive approach based on the high-throughput sequencing of environmental samples using small plant plastid sequences (the trnl p6 loop) and ribosomal its1 primers, referred to as dna metabarcoding, to invest ... | 2013 | 23560107 |
| genetic approaches refine ex situ lowland tapir (tapirus terrestris) conservation. | ex situ conservation management remains an important tool in the face of continued habitat loss and global environmental change. here, we use microsatellite marker variation to evaluate conventional assumptions of pedigree-based ex situ population management and directly inform a captive lowland tapir breeding program within a range country. we found relatively high levels of genetic variation (n(total) = 41; mean h(e) = 0.67 across 10 variable loci) and little evidence for relatedness among fou ... | 2010 | 20484384 |
| fruit consumption and seed dispersal of dimorphandra mollis benth. (leguminosae) by the lowland tapir in the cerrado of central brazil. | fruit phenology observations and consumption of dimorphandra mollis (leguminosae) were analyzed during seven months in an area of cerrado stricto sensu. we analysed 81 fecal samples collected at six different places of lowland tapirs (tapirus terrestris) in central brazilian cerrado. in addition, from the feces of five tapirs at the brasília zoo to which fruit had been offered, seeds were collected and used in germination tests. the results suggest that the tapir is an important fruit consumer a ... | 2005 | 16341418 |
| serial immobilization of a brazilian tapir (tapirus terrestrus) with oral detomidine and oral carfentanil. | detomidine (0.17 +/- 0.03 mg/kg, p.o.) followed in 20 min by carfentanil (7.88 +/- 1.85 microg/kg, p.o.) reliably restrained an adult brazilian tapir (tapirus terrestrus) eight times for short medical procedures. detomidine caused head droop, sawhorse stance, ataxia or head pressing (or both). sternal or lateral recumbency was reached within 10.75 +/- 7.6 min of carfentanil administration. recoveries after i.v. and s.c. administration of yohimbine and naltrexone were smooth and rapid, with the t ... | 2003 | 15077719 |
| schistosomiasis and nutritional myopathy in a brazilian tapir (tapirus terrestris). | gross lesions suggestive of severe hepatoenteropathy and myopathy were noted in a 4.5-yr-old brazilian tapir (tapirus terrestris) from a zoo in michigan (usa). the major microscopic lesions were granulomatous hepatitis and hemorrhagic enteritis associated with non-operculated eggs compatible with those of the schistosomatidae (digenea). skeletal muscle and tongue contained foci of severe acute myodegeneration and necrosis. the hepatic vitamin e value of 1.3 ppm dry weight was considered critical ... | 1988 | 3193570 |
| [the m. cucullaris in the american tapir (tapirus terrestris, l. 1758)]. | | 1981 | 6455931 |
| clinical outcome and diagnostic methods of atypical mycobacteriosis due to mycobacterium avium ssp. hominissuis in a group of captive lowland tapirs (tapirus terrestris). | tapirs seem particularly susceptible to mycobacterial infections, especially to tuberculosis caused by m. tuberculosis or m. bovis. in this case series, we report an infection with the non-tuberculous mycobacteria (ntm) species m. avium ssp. hominissuis (mah) in a group of four (2.2) captive lowland tapirs (tapirus terrestris). two female tapirs showed mild respiratory signs such as coughing and mucous sputum production for several years, one juvenile male tapir had to be euthanized due to sever ... | 2020 | 32780937 |
| environmental factors influencing the abundance of four species of threatened mammals in degraded habitats in the eastern brazilian amazon. | on the latest 60 years the degradation and fragmentation of native habitats have been modifying the landscape in the eastern brazilian amazon. the adaptive plasticity of an organism has been crucial for its long-term survival and success in these novel ecosystems. in this study, we investigated the response of four endangered species of large terrestrial mammals to the variations in the quality of their original habitats, in a context of high anthropogenic pressure. the distribution of the myrme ... | 2020 | 32101578 |
| phylogenetics, patterns of genetic variation and population dynamics of trypanosoma terrestris support both coevolution and ecological host-fitting as processes driving trypanosome evolution. | a considerable amount of evidence has favored ecological host-fitting, rather than coevolution, as the main mechanism responsible for trypanosome divergence. nevertheless, beyond the study of human pathogenic trypanosomes, the genetic basis of host specificity among trypanosomes isolated from forest-inhabiting hosts remains largely unknown. | 2019 | 31604471 |
| pathological findings in lowland tapirs (tapirus terrestris) killed by motor vehicle collision in the brazilian cerrado. | the lowland tapir (tapirus terrestris) is the largest land mammal in south america. the species faces steady population decline due to poaching, habitat loss and fragmentation, road-kill, pesticide pollution, competition with domestic livestock and fires, among other threats. the lowland tapir is currently listed as vulnerable to extinction. little information is available about natural disease processes for the species. this study aimed to report the pathological findings recorded in a cohort o ... | 2019 | 31375157 |
| three-dimensional ct examination of the forefoot and hindfoot of the hippopotamus and tapir during a semiaquatic walking. | semiaquatic walking has resulted in the evolution of functional and morphological changes in various hoofed mammals, such as hippopotamus and brazilian tapir. the biomechanics of skilful walking in wetlands or at the bottom of a waterbody involve the medio-lateral opening and closing of the feet to effectively support and stabilize the body on soft ground and to reduce the water resistance during recovery stroke, respectively. we demonstrate that the opening and closing of the feet in hippopotam ... | 2019 | 30318610 |
| genetic diversity of the captive asian tapir population in thailand, based on mitochondrial control region sequence data and the comparison of its nucleotide structure with brazilian tapir. | the asian tapir (tapirus indicus) has been classified as endangered on the iucn red list of threatened species (2008). genetic diversity data provide important information for the management of captive breeding and conservation of this species. we analyzed mitochondrial control region (cr) sequences from 37 captive asian tapirs in thailand. multiple alignments of the full-length cr sequences sized 1268 bp comprised three domains as described in other mammal species. analysis of 16 parsimony-info ... | 2017 | 27159697 |
| determining the numbers of a landscape architect species (tapirus terrestris), using footprints. | as a landscape architect and a major seed disperser, the lowland tapir (tapirus terrestris) is an important indicator of the ecological health of certain habitats. therefore, reliable data regarding tapir populations are fundamental in understanding ecosystem dynamics, including those associated with the atlantic forest in brazil. currently, many population monitoring studies use invasive tagging with radio or satellite/global positioning system (gps) collars. these techniques can be costly and ... | 2018 | 29610711 |
| population viability analysis: using a modeling tool to assess the viability of tapir populations in fragmented landscapes. | a population viability analysis (pva) was conducted of the lowland tapir populations in the atlantic forest of the pontal do paranapanema region, brazil, including morro do diabo state park (mdsp) and surrounding forest fragments. results from the model projected that the population of 126 tapirs in mdsp is likely to persist over the next 100 years; however, 200 tapirs would be required to maintain a viable population. sensitivity analysis showed that sub-adult mortality and adult mortality have ... | 2012 | 23253367 |
| haemochromatosis in a brazilian tapir (tapirus terrestris) in an australian zoo. | a 23-year-old brazilian, or lowland, tapir with a 6-month history of loss of body condition developed clinical signs and laboratory findings consistent with liver failure. the animal was euthanased and a diagnosis of hepatic haemochromatosis was made based on histopathology. two other healthy tapirs in the same collection had chronically elevated serum and tissue iron concentrations. the excessive accumulation of iron in tissues with resultant tissue damage (i.e. haemochromatosis) has been repor ... | 2012 | 22256982 |
| botany, genetics and ethnobotany: a crossed investigation on the elusive tapir's diet in french guiana. | while the populations of large herbivores are being depleted in many tropical rainforests, the importance of their trophic role in the ecological functioning and biodiversity of these ecosystems is still not well evaluated. this is due to the outstanding plant diversity that they feed upon and the inherent difficulties involved in observing their elusive behaviour. classically, the diet of elusive tropical herbivores is studied through the observation of browsing signs and macroscopic analysis o ... | 2011 | 21991372 |
| population history, phylogeography, and conservation genetics of the last neotropical mega-herbivore, the lowland tapir (tapirus terrestris). | understanding the forces that shaped neotropical diversity is central issue to explain tropical biodiversity and inform conservation action; yet few studies have examined large, widespread species. lowland tapir (tapirus terrrestris, perissodactyla, tapiridae) is the largest neotropical herbivore whose ancestors arrived in south america during the great american biotic interchange. a pleistocene diversification is inferred for the genus tapirus from the fossil record, but only two species surviv ... | 2010 | 20840756 |
| lowland tapir (tapirus terrestris) distribution, activity patterns and relative abundance in the greater madidi-tambopata landscape. | lowland tapir distribution is described in northwestern bolivia and southeastern peru within the greater madidi-tambopata landscape, a priority tapir conservation unit, using 1255 distribution points derived from camera trapping efforts, field research and interviews with park guards from 5 national protected areas and hunters from 19 local communities. a total of 392 independent camera trapping events from 14 camera trap surveys at 11 sites demonstrated the nocturnal and crepuscular activity pa ... | 2012 | 23253372 |