| the reversible reduction of horse metmyoglobin by the iron(ii) complex of trans-1,2-diaminocyclohexane-n,n,n,n-tetraacetate. | the reduction of metmyoglobin by the iron(ii) complex of trans-1,2-diaminocyclohexane-n,n,n'n'-tetraacetate (fecdta2-) has been investigated. the equilibrium constant, measured spectrophotometrically, is 0.21 with a resulting reduction potential of 0.050 v for mb0. the rate constant for the reduction is 28 m-1 sec-1 with a deltah ++ of 13 kcal m-1 and deltas ++ of -11 eu. both cn- and oh- inhibit the reduction because of the relatively low reactivity of cyanometmyoglobin (mb+cn-) and ionized met ... | 1975 | 57 |
| the reaction between the superoxide anion radical and cytochrome c. | 1. the superoxide anion radical (o2-) reacts with ferricytochrome c to form ferrocytochrome c. no intermediate complexes are observable. no reaction could be detected between o2- and ferrocytochrome c. 2. at 20 degrees c the rate constant for the reaction at ph 4.7 to 6.7 is 1.4-10(6) m-1. s -1 and as the ph increases above 6.7 the rate constant steadily decreases. the dependence on ph is the same for tuna heart and horse heart cytochrome c. no reaction could be demonstrated between o2- and the ... | 1975 | 60 |
| hydrolysis of the hen egg vitelline membrane by cock sperm acrosin and other enzymes. | a technique utilizing pregnant mare's serum gonadotropin and human chorionic gonadotropin treatment of hens (gallus domesticus), followed by manual ovulation of the excised follicles, was developed to obtain a large number of mature ova. the intact ova were used to test whether acrosin, partially purified from the spermatozoa of the cock (gallus domesticus), partially purified rabbit testicular acrosin and commercial preparations of several hydrolytic enzymes could dissolve the inner vitelline m ... | 1975 | 454 |
| determination of optimal conditions for the electron-cytochemical detection of atpase activity in isolated nuclei. | the optimal conditions are selected for electron-cytochemical detection of the atpase activity in nuclei of the skeletal muscles of rabbits and nuclei of vicia faba l. meristem. it is shown that the previous fixation of nuclei in the rabbit skeletal muscle for 10 min in a mixture of the buffer solutions of 4% glutaric dialdehyde and 4% neutral formalin (1:1) causes a decrease in their atpase activity by 78% in the medium containing mg2+ and by 34% - in the medium containing ca2+; in nuclei of ho ... | 1975 | 836 |
| chemical relaxation studies on the system liver alcohol dehydrogenase, nadh and imidazole. | several years ago, theorell and czerlinski conducted experiments on the system of horse liver alcohol dehydrogenase, reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and imidazole, using the first version of the temperature jump apparatus with detection of changes in fluorescence. these early experiments were repeated with improved instrumentation and confirmed the early experiments in general terms. however, the improved detection system allowed to measure a slight concentration dependence of the rela ... | 1975 | 882 |
| epidemiologic investigations of the 1969 epidemic of venezuelan encephalitis in ecuador. | an epizoodemic of venezuelan equine encephalitis (vee), subtype i variant b, occurred in ecuador during the rainy and hot season of 1969. in this paper, a general description of the epidemic is given and virus isolations from humans are reported. a serologic survey was performed in order to determine the extension of the epidemic along the coastal zone of the country. it is not clear whether the higher antibody rate in older people was because they were at greater risk of infection or was the re ... | 1975 | 906 |
| eastern equine encephalomyelitis in upstate new york 1972-1974. | | 1975 | 919 |
| formation of non-amidine products in the chemical modification of horse liver alcohol dehydrogenase with imido esters. | | 1975 | 1010 |
| the reaction of horse-liver alcohol dehydrogenase with glyoxal. | horse liver alcohol dehydrogenase was reacted with glyoxal at different ph values ranging from 6.0 to 9.0. at ph 9.0 the enzyme undergoes a rapid activation over the first minutes of reaction, followed by a decline of activity, which reaches 10% of that of the native enzyme. chemical analysis of the inactivated enzyme after sodium borohydride reduction shows that 11 argi-ine and 11 lysine residues per mole are modified. at ph 7.7 the enzyme activity increases during the first hour of the reactio ... | 1975 | 1246 |
| hydrogen-isotope exchange of oxidized and reduced cytochrome c. a comparison of mass spectrometry and infrared methods. | hydrogen-deuterium exchange in 2h20 solutions of the two redox states of horse heart cytochrome c was investigated at 20 degrees c, ph 7, by mass spectrometry and infrared spectroscopy. mass spectrometry indicates that ferricytochrome has 20 hydrogens unexchanged after 24 h, 28 hydrogens exchanging between 10 min and 24 h, and 156 hydrogens exchanging within 10 min; comparative values for ferrocytochrome are 45, 19 and 140. the displacement of the exchange curves obtained by infrared corresponds ... | 1976 | 1279 |
| the in vitro adsorption of drugs from horse serum onto carbon coated with an acrylic hydrogel. | in vitro studies have shown that uncoated carbon and carbon coated with an acrylic hydrogel are capable of adsorbing drugs from horse serum at 37 degrees. increase in the coating weight from 2 to 4% decreased the rate of adsorption but not the total capacity. in vivo data supports the concept of carbon haemoperfusion for use in the treatment of drug overdose. | 1975 | 1486 |
| transfer of gases and metabolites in the equine placenta: a comparison with other species. | mares and fetuses with indwelling catheters in the umbilical and uterine vessels have been used to monitor transplacental blood gas tensions, ph, o2 affinities and the concentration of various metabolites in fetal and maternal blood during late gestation. measurements of umbilical and uterine blood flows and arterio-venous differences enabled the uptake of o2 and glucose by the fetus and the uterus to be estimated. the present findings are compared with those from other species in comparable con ... | 1975 | 1529 |
| androgens and oestrogens in normal and cryptorchid stallions. | total androgens, testosterone and total oestrogens were measured in twenty-one intact, nine unilaterally cryptorchid, three bilaterally cryptorchid stallions and four geldings. total oestrogens were significantly higher (p less than 0-005) and total androgens significantly lower (p less than 0-05) in the bilateral cryptorchid compared to other groups. there was a significant (p less than 0-025) day and night variation in total androgen levels. thyroidectomized and intact animals showed a marked ... | 1975 | 1530 |
| some aspects of the reproductive endocrinology of the stallion and cryptorchid. | | 1975 | 1531 |
| mosquito-borne arboviruses in arctic america. | mosquito-borne arboviruses are prevalent throughout subarctic regions of canada and alaska, principally in the boreal forest extending between latitudes 53 and 66 degrees n, but they have been identified in tundra regions as far north as 70 degrees n. all mosquito-borne agents have been bunyaviruses, comprising principally the snowshoe hare subtype of california encephalitis (ce) virus, but also northway virus. mosquito vectors comprise several aedes species and culiseta inornata, all of which h ... | 1975 | 1602 |
| effects of external and internal arthropod parasites on domestic livestock production. | | 1976 | 2093 |
| correlation of the kinetics of electron transfer activity of various eukaryotic cytochromes c with binding to mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase. | 1. a detailed study of cytochrome c oxidase activity with keilin-hartree particles and purified beef heart enzyme, at low ionic strength and low cytochrome c concentrations, showed biphasic kinetics with apparent km1 = 5 x 10(-8) m, and apparent km2 = 0.35 to 1.0 x 10(-6) m. direct binding studies with purified oxidase, phospholipid-containing as well as phospholiptaining aid-depleted, demonstrated two sites of interaction of cytochrome c with the enzyme, with kd1 less than or equal to 10(-7) m ... | 1976 | 2600 |
| suprapubic paramedian laparotomy for equine abdominal cryptorchidism. | the history of techniques for abdominal equine cryptorchidectomy is briefly reviewed. the technique of suprapubic paramedian laparotomy as used since 1955 at the university of liverpool veterinary field station is described in detail and an account given of the authors' experience with the technique in nearly 200 cases. it is concluded that the approach to the abdominal cavity is easy, that the testis itself is generally readily located and removed and that controlled repair of the incision is p ... | 1975 | 3014 |
| glyceryl guaiacolate in anesthesea. | | 1976 | 3722 |
| letter: diagnostic test for equine cryptorchidism. | | 1976 | 3875 |
| ecologic studies of venezuelan encephalitis virus and isolations of nepuyo and patois viruses during 1968-1973 at a marsh habitat near the epicenter of the 1969 outbreak in guatemala. | ecologic studies of venezuelan encephalitis (ve) virus at a marsh habitat near the epicenter of the 1969 outbreak in guatemala revealed that the virus was enzootic there. ve virus was isolated yearly during 1968-1973 from sentinel hamsters exposed during the rainy seasons and from mosquitoes collected during july and august 1970. hamsters yielded 41 strains of ve virus and virus was detected within 2 km of the edge of the marsh, in its interior, and at its western extreme 18 km from the central ... | 1976 | 3981 |
| studies of possible movement of venezuelan encephalitis virus from an enzootic focus in guatemala during 1971-1974. | during the wet seasons of 1972 and possibly 1971, sentinel horses became infected by venezuelan encephalitis (ve) virus in a temporally and geographically progressive manner inland from an enzootic marsh focus of virus on the pacific couast of southeastern guatemala. during the wet seasons of 1972 and 1973, ve virus was detected by sentinel horses (and a sentinel hamster in 1972) in a small woods 10 km north of the marsh, but virus was undetectable there during the dry seasons of 1973 and 1974 a ... | 1976 | 3982 |
| kinetics and mechanism of the f1 isozyme of horse liver aldehyde dehydrogenase. | | 1976 | 4028 |
| clinical evaluation of blood lactate levels in equine colic. | blood lactate levels were evaluated in 36 horses (43 cases) presented with colic. a correlation between increasing blood lactate levels and decreasing percentage survival has been shown. an appreciable anion gap was found in 7 of 10 cases analyzed in detail but in each case the entire gap could not be accounted for by lactate alone. proposals are offered to account for the unmeasured anions. blood lactate determination is suggested as a prognostic rather than a diagnostic aid for the equine prac ... | 1976 | 4300 |
| equine viral encephalitis. | the most important neurotropic viral infections of the horse are the arthropod-borne encephalitides. these include venezuelan encephalitis (ve), eastern encephalitis (ee) and western encephalitis (we), which are found in the americas, and japanese b encephalitis which occurs in the far east. all the viruses cause encephalitis in man. between 1969 and 1972 an epidemic of ve occurred in central america. in 1971 the disease was reported in texas, where it was brought under control by the vaccinatio ... | 1976 | 4301 |
| genital organs. auto and homotransplantation in forty dogs. | auto and homo transplantation of the uterus and ovaries was studied in 40 bitches divided into four groups. group a served as a control. in group b the omentopexy technique of auto-transplantation was used. this method did not prove very rewarding and all 12 grafts were found to have degenerated and were non-functioning when relaparotomy was performed, 3 months after transplantation. in group c, auto transplantation with vascular anastomosis was performed in 12 dogs, yielding satisfactory result ... | 1975 | 4386 |
| effects of formylation of vinyl side chains of heme on optical and ligand binding properties of horse heart ferric myoglobin. | effects of substitution of vinyl groups of hemin with formyl groups on the optical and ligand binding properties of horse heart ferric myoglobin were investigated. the peak positions as well as the line shapes of the absorption spectra of the ferric derivatives of three kinds of formylmyoglobin, 2-vinyl-4-formyl-, 2-formyl-4-vinyl-, and 2,4-diformylmyoglobins depend on the number and the position of the formyl groups. absorption maxima in the soret region of the acid forms of these ferric formyl ... | 1976 | 4456 |
| hydrogen ion titration of horse heart ferricytochrome c. | continuous hydrogen ion titration curves of deionized solutions of horse heart ferricytochrome c have been obtained at 25 degrees c. at a constant ionic strength of 0.10 from ph 3.0 to 11.0. titration of the oxidized protein in kcl required 28.4 equiv over that ph range, and a small hysteresis between the forward and reverse limbs was displayed. the linderstrom-lang approximation, which takes into account electrostatic interactions between charged groups on the protein surface, was used in a com ... | 1976 | 5119 |
| steady-state enzyme kinetics of the pancreatic ribonucleases from five mannalian species. | the kinetic parameters km, k+2 and k+2/km of the pancreatic ribonucleases (ec 3.1.4.22) from cow, giraffe, horse, rat and lesser rorqual have been determined, using 2',3'-cyclic cytidine monophosphate and 2',3'-cuclic uridine monophosphate as substrates. no large differences were found between the activities of the five enzymes. the relative differences between the activities of the five enzymes are mainly due to differences in the rates of hydrolysis and not to differences in the affinities for ... | 1976 | 5144 |
| nuclear magnetic resonance studies of slowly exchanging peptide protons in cytochrome c in aqueous solution. | the slowly exchanging protons in oxidized and reduced horse heart cytochrome c (d20, uncorrected ph meter reading 6.5 room temperature) have been monitored by recording the 270 and 360 mhz proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of the reduced protein between 5 and 11 parts per million downfield from 2,2-dimethyl-2-silapentane-5-sulfonate. | 1976 | 5721 |
| regulatory mast cells. i suppressive action of their products on an in vitro primary immune reaction. | products of mast cell degranulation, as well as histamine and serotonin, were added to a mishell and dutton preparation for in vitro primary immunisation (induction of igm antibody formation) to sheep or horse red blood cells. degranulation products were either obatined beforehand by reacting passively sensitised mast cells with the corresponding antigen (unrelated to or identical with the in vitro immunising antigen) or liberated into the culture medium where mast cells actively sensitised to t ... | 1975 | 5941 |
| isolation and some molecular parameters of elastase-like normal proteinases from horse blood leucocytes. | cytoplasmic granules were isolated from horse blood polymorphonuclear leucocytes by the heparin method and extracted with 0.9% nacl by repeated freezing. soluble proteins were separated on a column of sephadex g-75 followed by chromatography on a column of cm-sephadex with a nacl gradient. gel filtration, density-gradient centrifugation, isoelectric focusing and 0.1% sodium dodecyl sulphate/polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis at ph 7.0 and at ph 4.5 were used to determine molecular parameters of ... | 1976 | 6008 |
| substrate specificity and modifications of the active centre of elastase-like neutral proteinases from horse blood leucocytes. | two proteinases (2a and 2b) purified from the granular fraction of horse blood leucocytes degrade casein (km values 12.8 and 6mg/ml respectively) with maximum activity at ph 7.4 and in the presence of 2m-urea. urea-denatured haemoglobin, fibrinogen, albumin and resorcin/fuchsin-stained elastin are digested at a slower rate. the enzymes hydrolyse synthetic substrates of elastase, n-benzyloxycarbonyl-l-alanine 4-nitrophenyl ester (km 0.114 and 0.178 mm) and n-acetyl-tri-l-alanine methyl ester (km ... | 1976 | 6009 |
| carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance of heme carbonyls. cytochrome c and carboxymethyl derivatives of cytochrome c. | carbonyl complexes of horse cytochrome c and various carboxymethylated derivatives have been examined using 13c nmr (carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance) spectroscopy. the multiplicity and chemical shift of the 13co resonance were found to be functions of ph and the extent of alkylation. correlations have been made among prominent features of the chemical shift titration curves and changes in the environment of the heme. a simple model compatible with the bulk of previous observations has been ... | 1976 | 6042 |
| the treatment of oligospermia with various dosage regimes of gonadotropins. | | 1975 | 6357 |
| search for epizootic-like venezuelan encephalitis virus at enzootic habitats in guatemala during 1969-1971. | seventy-four strains of venezuelan encephalitis (ve) virus recovered from sentinel hamsters or mosquitoes at enzootic habitats in guatemala in the two years following the 1969 epidemic-equine epizootic were examined for ability to produce small plaques in vero african green monkey kidney cell cultures, like isolates obtained during the epizootic. (a) one strain recovered from a sentinel hamster in late october 1969 at an enzootic habitat near the epicenter of the hemagglutination-inhibition (hi) ... | 1976 | 7138 |
| search for persistent epizootic venezuelan encephalitis virus in guatemala, el salvador and nicaragua during 1970-1975. | evidence was sought during 1970-1975 of persistence of equine-virulent venezuelan encephalitis (ve) virus in regions of central america that were heavily involved in the epidemic-equine epizootic of 1969. (a) four sentinel horses were exposed in an arid, upland region of the atlantic drainage of guatemala during august-october 1970, but no horse became infected. (b) the epicenter region of the 1969 outbreak, in southwestern guatemala and southwestern el salvador, was studied during july 1970-feb ... | 1976 | 7139 |
| arbovirus surveillance in six states during 1972. | a virus surveillance project was established and maintained during 1972 along 10 major river drainages in six states. mosquitoes, biting flies, and blood specimens from sentinel equines were collected during 83 field trip visits to 141 arthropod collecting sites and 22 sentinel locations from april into december 1972. there were 173,074 mosquitoes tested and 303 arboviruses isolated from 11 of 41 species. from 13,388 biting flies tested, 8 arbovirus isolations were obtained in 1 of 5 species. th ... | 1976 | 7148 |
| studies on normal human bone marrow cultures in controlled environment thin-film culture systems. | two thin film culture systems, the controlled environment steady state system (ss) and the rocker tube configuration of that system (rt), were used to identify some of the conditions that appear to maintain morphologic and functional characteristics of cells of human bone marrow explants in vitro. the systems configuration assured continual gassing, control and easy monitoring of the cultures. cytocentrifuge preparations of media of specimens cultured in rt disclosed, though in decreasing number ... | 1976 | 7532 |
| purification, characterization, and quantitation of the antigen employed in the immunodiffusion test for diagnosis of equine infectious anemia. | equine infectious anemia (eia) antigen extracted from the spleen of horses infected with eia virus was purified by ph treatment, (nh4)2so4 fractionation and affinity chromatography. the homogeneity of the antigen was indicated by sedimentation rate and sedimentation equilibrium experiments. a s20,w of 0.51 was determined and a molecular weight of 7600 was calculated from sedimentation equilibrium analysis. the amino acid composition of the pure antigen indicated the antigen is an acidic protein. ... | 1976 | 7782 |
| the effect of combination of different inducers on the refractory state in interferon production. | a second injection of 100 mug poly (ri) poly (rc) per mouse at 6 and 24 hours after the first injection stimulated additional peaks of interferon production. the dynamics of the process of accumulation and disappearance of interferon was similar to that after a single injection of poly (ri). poly (rc). injection of the above dose 12 hours after the first injection induced no interferon production as it apparently coincided with the refractory state in interferon production. after pretreatment of ... | 1976 | 7936 |
| the dynamics of development of cell resistance to viruses induced by synthetic polynucleotides. | the dynamics of interaction of complexes of synthetic polynucleotides (polyinosinic and polycitidylic acid--poly (ri)-poly (rc), and polyguanylic and polycytidylic acid--poly (rg)-poly (rc)) with cells as well as the dynamics of interferon accumulation and development of antiviral effect against some rna viruses were studied in primary chick embryo cell (cec) cultures. four phases were observed in the development of the antiviral effect of synthetic polynucleotides: adsorption, increase, marked ... | 1976 | 7937 |
| fluorescence decay studies of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide in solution and bound to liver alcohol dehydrogenase. | the monophoton counting technique was used to obtain the fluorescence decay kinetics of nadh (dihydronicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) bound to ladh (horse liver alcohol dehydrogenas). it was found that the fluorescence decay of the enzyme complex did not follow a single exponential decay law but that the data could be well described as a sum of two exponentials. the decay parameters of the enzyme complex do not depend on the degree of binding-site saturation. these results are interpreted in t ... | 1976 | 8086 |
| rates of phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of phosphoglycerate mutase and bisphosphoglycerate synthase. | phosphoglycerate mutase and bisphosphoglycerate synthase (mutase) can both be phosphorylated by either glycerate-1,3-p2 or glycerate-2,3-p2 to form phosphohistidine enzymes. the present study uses a rapid quench procedure to determine if, for each enzyme, the formation of the phosphorylated enzyme and phosphate transfer from the enzyme can occur at rates consistent with the overall reactions. with bisphosphoglycerate synthase from horse red blood cells (glycerate-1,3-p2 leads to glycerate-2,3-p2 ... | 1976 | 8447 |
| titration behavior of individual tyrosine residues of myoglobins from sperm whale, horse, and red kangaroo. | the titration behavior of individual tyrosine residues of myoglobins has been studied by observing the ph dependence of the chemical shifts of czeta and cgamma of these residues in natural abundance of 13c fourier transform nmr spectra (at 15.18 mhz, in 20-mm sample tubes, at 37 degrees) of cyanoferrimyoglobins from sperm whale, horse, and red kangaroo. a comparison of the ph dependence of the spectra of the three proteins yielded specific assignments for the resonance of tyr-151 (sperm whale) a ... | 1976 | 8455 |
| influence of azaperone/metomidate anaesthesia on blood biochemistry in the horse. | | 1976 | 9179 |
| laboratory diagnosis of western encephalomyelitis. | | 1976 | 9195 |
| mosquito surveys in manitoba during 1975. | | 1976 | 9196 |
| isolation and partial characterization of the cytochrome oxidase from rhodopseudomonas palustris. | the cytochrome oxidase (ec 1.9.3.1) of rhodopseudomonas palustris was extracted with triton x-100 plus kcl, from the membrane fraction of cells grown aerobically in the dark. the solubilized enzyme was purified by (nh4)2so4 precipitation and chromatography on deae-cellulose. the purification resulted in a 108-fold enrichment of cytochrome oxidase on the basis of specific activity when compared to the membrane fraction. the purified enzyme was phosphate-sensitive (less than mm), oxidized reduced ... | 1976 | 9286 |
| hemagglutination by equine infectious anemia virus. | equine infectious anemia (eia) virus which was propagated on an equine dermal cell line agglutinated guinea pig erythrocytes. viral fluids containing about 10(7.5) mean tissue culture infective doses/ml showed hemagglutinating (ha) titers ranging from 16 to 32 units/0.05 ml. results of cesium chloride equilibrium density gradient centrifugation revealed that the hemagglutinin was inseparable from the virus particles. the hemagglutination reaction persisted over a wide range of temperature and ph ... | 1976 | 9361 |
| double-ternary complex affinity chromatography: preparation of alcohol dehydrogenases. | a general affinity chromatographic method for alcohol dehydrogenase purification has been developed by employing immobilized 4-substituted pyrazole derivatives that isolate the enzyme through formation of a specific ternary complex. sepharose 4b is activated with 300 mg of cyanogen bromide/ml of packed gel and coupled to 4-3-(n-6-aminocaproyl)aminopropylpyrazole. from crude liver extracts in 50 mm phosphate-0.37 mm nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, ph 7.5, alcohol dehydrogenase is optimally bou ... | 1976 | 9981 |
| study of the biological significance of cytochrome methylation. i. thermal, acid and guanidinium hydrochloride denaturations of baker's yeast ferricytochromes c. | the iso-cytochromes c from baker's yeast: iso-1 methylated and unmethylated forms and iso-2 have been purified and their stabilities towards denaturants compared to that of horse heart cytochrome c. thermal, acid and guanidinium hydrochloride denaturations were followed using fluorescence emission of their tryptophan 59 and/or the absorbance in the soret region as the physical parameters. very few differences could be evidenced among the ferricytochromes investigated in this study insofar as the ... | 1976 | 10001 |
| cathepsin d from horse spleen. ii. study of certain enzymatic properties. | this work reports some enzymatic properties of highly purified horse spleen cathepsin d. hydrolysis rate of several proteins are compared. the kinetic constants (km = 4.95 10(-5) m and vm = 1,76 delta do/mn/mug) have been determined in the presence of a denatured haemoglobin substrate. stability of the enzymatic preparation is discussed according to the ph, concentration and time of storage. some investigations concerning the active site are described. enzymatic and chemical results show that di ... | 1976 | 10013 |
| electron transport by c-type cytochromes. i. the reaction of horse heart cytochrome c with anionic reductants. | the kinetics of reduction of horse heartcytochrome c have been investigated using the reductants sodium dithionite and potassium ferrocyanide. sodium dithionite reduction at ph 7.0 yields rate constants of 2.8 x 10(8)m(-1)sec-1 for so2 and 6 x 10(5) m-1 sec-1 for s2o4 at infinite dilution. moreover, the data presented demonstrates the participation of positively charged amino acid side chains at the site of electron transfer. the effect of ph on the reduction of ferricytochrome c requires a mini ... | 1975 | 10021 |
| an equine cryptorchid with testicular and ovarian tissues. | cytogenetic and histological studies were carried out on an intersex horse which was diagnosed clinically as a cryptorchid. surgery confirmed the horse to be a bilateral abdominal cryptorchid and histological examination revealed ovarian tissue associated with the left epididymis. chromosome analysis of cultured cells from testicular tissue, ovarian tissue and skin revealed 64-xx and 64-xy make-up, the left gonad containing a greater preponderance of xx cells over xy cells. the external characte ... | 1976 | 10155 |
| hydrogen ion interactions of horse spleen ferritin and apoferritin. | the interactions of horse spleen ferritin and its derivative apoferritin with h+ ions were studied by potentiometric and spectrophotometric titration; to aid in data analysis, heats of ionization over a limited ph range and amide content were also determined. per apoferritin subunit, all tyrosine and cysteine side chains, two of the nine lysine side chains and at least three of the six histidine side chains were found not to titrate; a preliminary but self-consistent analysis of the titration da ... | 1976 | 11212 |
| clinical pharmacology of tranquilizers. | | 1976 | 11406 |
| the diagnosis of liver dysfunction in farm animals and horses. | | 1976 | 11604 |
| buoyant density of some togaviruses in sucrose density gradient and capacity of their haemagglutinin fractions to interact with antibody. | the buoyant densities of western equine encephalomyelitis virus (an alphavirus) and tick-borne encephalitis (tbe) virus (a flavivirus) antigens prepared by different methods were studied. sucrose density centrifugation revealed a heterogeneity in the density of the virions. the sedimentation pattern and height of peaks of the haemagglutinating activities and infectivity, other conditions being equal, depended both on the virus species and properties of its strains and on the mode of preparation ... | 1976 | 11662 |
| excretion and metabolism of nikethamide in the horse. | it is well known that nikethamide (n,n-diethylnicotinamide, coraminer) is metabolized very rapidly to nicotinamide. hence, there is difficulty in proving that nikethamide has been used as a doping substance because nicotinamide is a normal physiological metabolite in the organism as well as a vitamin preparation. however, an intermediate metabolite (n-ethylnicotinamide) was found by us in the urine of horses treated with coraminer. this was characterized by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, ... | 1976 | 11864 |
| markers of attenuated eastern equine encephalitis virus bound to the protein envelope. | | 1976 | 12608 |
| endemic eastern equine encephalomyelitis in florida: a twenty-year analysis, 1955-1974. | research and surveillance programs relating to the circulation of eastern equine encephalomyelitis (eee) virus in florida between 1955 and 1974 are summarized. all available data suggest that eee virus is 1) endemic in many florida fresh water swamps and waterways, 2) active in a continuous cycle throughout the year with a peak between may and august, and 3) circulating in culiseta melanura. it has been isolated also from eight other mosquito species. | 1976 | 12669 |
| proton-dependent dissociation equilibrium of hemoglobin. 1. a 700-nanometer light-scattering study on horse methemoglobin in the ph range 4.8 to 7.2. | the effect of proton concentration upon the subunit dissociation of horse methemoglobin has been investigated at two ionic strengths by light scattering photometry at 700 nm. differential refractometry revealed a slight but systematic decrease of the specific refractive index increment with decreasing protein concentration for solutions in dialytic equilibrium with the solvent. in the ph range 4.8-7.2 the dissociation can be described by a simple equilibrium between tetramers and dimers. the dis ... | 1976 | 12787 |
| proton-dependent dissociation equilibrium of hemoglobin. 2. surface pressure measurements in monolayers of horse hemoglobin (iii). | the molecular weight of hemoglobin (iii) in monolayers on aqueous subsolutions has been determined by measuring the surface pressure as a function of the protein surface concentration. the dissociation equilibrium between tetrameric and dimeric hemoglobin (iii) was determined for spread as well as adsorbed monolayers. the results were compared with analogous measurements in solution. it was found that the numerical value and the ph dependence of the dissociation constant were similar both in the ... | 1976 | 12788 |
| antimicrobial activity of tibezonium (tbz). | the activity in vitro of tibezonium (rec 15-0691), a new 1,5-benzodiazepine derivative, has been investigated. the drug was found active especially against streptococcus, diplococcus and corynebacterium strains which are agents of oropharyngeal diseases. the activity of tibezonium was ph dependent against staphylococcus aureus sg 511 and streptococcus pyogenes 821 (at ph 8.0-8.5 it was more active) and the presence of horse serum provoked a small decrease of the antimicrobial properties. no inte ... | 1977 | 12928 |
| cyclic nucleotide hydrolysis in the thyroid gland. general properties and key role in the interrelations between concentrations of adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate and guanosine 3':5'-monophosphate. | phosphodiesterase activities of horse (and dog) thyroid soluble fraction were compared with either cyclic amp (adenosine 3':3'-monophosphate) or cyclic gmp (guanosine 3':5'-monophosphate) as substrate. optimal activity for cyclic amp hydrolysis was observed at ph 8, and at ph 7.6 for cyclic gmp. increasing concentrations of ethyleneglycol bis(2-aminoethyl)-n,n'-tetraacetic acid inhibited both phosphodiesterase activities; in the presence of exogenous ca2+, this effect was shifted to higher conce ... | 1977 | 12974 |
| immunotherapy in two foals with combined immunodeficiency, resulting in graft versus host reaction. | immunotherapy was attempted in 2 arabian foals with combined immunodeficiency. one foal was given a transplant of bone marrow from a selected full sibling, and 1 foal was given a fetal thymus transplant. both foals died. genetic evidence was obtained for survival of the transplanted tissues in both cases; however, a graft versus host reaction developed in the foal given the fetal thymus transplant. | 1977 | 13055 |
| ph-dependent conformational states of horse liver alcohol dehydrogenase. | the quenching of liver alcohol dehydrogenase protein fluorescence at alkaline ph indicates two conformational states of the enzyme with a pka of 9.8+/-0.2, shifted to 10.6+/-0.2 in d2o. nad+ and 2-p-toluidinonaphthalene-6-sulfonate, a fluorescent probe competitive with coenzyme, bind to the acid conformation of the enzyme. the pka of the protein-fluorescence quenching curve is shifted toward 7.6 in the presence of nad+, and the ternary complex formation with nad+ and trifluoroethanol results in ... | 1977 | 13068 |
| multiple low spin forms of the cytochrome c ferrihemochrome. epr spectra of various eukaryotic and prokaryotic cytochromes c. | 1. despite the same methionine-sulfur:heme-iron:imidazole-nitrogen hemochrome structure observed by x-ray crystallography in four of the seven c-type eukaryotic and prokaryotic cytochromes examined, and the occurrence of the characteristic 695 nm absorption band correlated with the presence of a methionine-sulfur:heme-iron axial ligand in all seven proteins, they fall into two distinct classes on the basis of their epr and optical spectra. the horse, tuna, and bakers' yeast iso-1 cytochromes c ... | 1977 | 13072 |
| tuna cytochrome c at 2.0 a resolution. i. ferricytochrome structure analysis. | the crystal structure of oxidized cytochrome c from tuna hearts has been solved by x-ray diffraction to a resolution of 2.0 a, using four isomorphous heavy atom derivatives. the crystals, space group p43, have 2 independent cytochrome molecules in the asymmetric repeating unit. no significant difference is seen between these 2 molecules, aside from conformations of a few surface side chains. the molecular folding observed is essentially that reported for tuna ferrocytochrome c. in particular, th ... | 1977 | 13079 |
| purification and characterization of equine herpesvirus-induced dna. | | 1977 | 13532 |
| nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide -- independent formate dehydrogenase in mycobacterium phlei. | formate dehydrogenase activity (ec 1.2.1.2) has been demonstrated in cell-free preparations of mycobacterium phlei by following the reduction of 2,6 dichlorophenolindophenol. thiazolyl blue tetrazolium, or equine cytochrome c. the reduction of equine cytochrome c was inhibited by 2-heptyl-4-hydroxyquinoline-n-oxide. neither nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide nor nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate were reduced by this formate dehydrogenase. the enzyme was constitutive and associated with ... | 1977 | 13920 |
| recent advances in equine reproduction. | mares rarely ovulate in winter; ovulation is induced by increase in daylight length. ova accumulate in the oviducts of unserved mares. during pregnancy, corpora lutea accumulate; all regress together at mid pregnancy. plasma progesterone levels rise and oestrogen levels fall towards the end of pregnancy. methods are available for early termination of pregnancy and for induction of parturition. pregnancy can be diagnosed efficiently by rectal examination, and by immunological assay of pregnant ma ... | 1977 | 13992 |
| reaction of bovine and equine growth hormones with tetranitromethane. | bovine and equine growth hormones were chemically modified with tetranitromethane, at ph 7.4 during 5 h and at ph 8.0 in the presence of 8 m urea during 1 h. a) both hormones have very similar but not identical reactivities. b) the nitration of the reactive tyrosines and tryptophan residues at ph 7.4 produces no detectable changes in their immunological or somatotrophic activities. c) the nitration of all tyrosine residues in both hormones gives rise to a complete loss of somatographic activity ... | 1977 | 14079 |
| steady state kinetics and binding of eukaryotic cytochromes c with yeast cytochrome c peroxidase. | 1. the steady state kinetics for the oxidation of ferrocytochrome c by yeast cytochrome c peroxidase are biphasic under most conditions. the same biphasic kinetics were observed for yeast iso-1, yeast iso-2, horse, tuna, and cicada cytochromes c. on changing ionic strength, buffer anions, and ph, the apparent km values for the initial phase (km1) varied relatively little while the corresponding apparent maximal velocities varied over a much larger range. 2. the highest apparent vmax1 for horse c ... | 1977 | 14138 |
| characterization and kinetics of native and chemically acitvated human liver alcohol dehydrogenases. | acetimidylation of the amino groups of alcohol dehydrogenase from human and horse liver yields several modified enzyme forms, which differ in electrophoretic mobility and can be separated by ion exchange chromatography, but which are similar in kinetic characteristics. the acetimidylated, as well as the methylated, enzymes from human livers of the normal phenotype have increased activity and larger michaelis and inhibition constants. these results suggest that the human enzyme has amino groups a ... | 1977 | 14152 |
| guanidination of horse methemoglobin. | | 1977 | 14595 |
| receptor interaction between eastern equine encephalitis virus and chicken embryo fibroblasts. | the attachment of eastern equine encephalitis virus to chicken embryo fibroblasts was studied at 0 degrees c. the binding specifically responsible for initiating infection was studied in the initial experiments by employing plaque-forming ability as the measured response. results from these initial studies were closely paralleled in studies of binding of radiolabeled virus under the same conditions. binding that had occurred at the ph optimum, ph 6.5, could be reversed only at higher ph. the obs ... | 1977 | 15136 |
| structure of inclusion bodies of cabbage black ring virus. | inclusions in cells of nicotiana glutinosa infected with a horse-radish strain of cabbage black ring virus (cbrv) were investigated on ultrathin sections. large amorphous inclusions contained cellular constitutents showing usually no pathological alterations. lamellar inclusions (bundles, circular inclusions, pinwheels), closely associated with endoplasmic reticulum, occurred frequently in areas of cytoplasm showing no vesiculation. sac-like structures composed of concentric lamellae were observ ... | 1977 | 15442 |
| purification and properties of the methane mono-oxygenase enzyme system from methylosinus trichosporium ob3b. | 1. a three-component enzyme system that catalyses the oxidation of methane to methanol has been highly purified from methylosinus trichosporium. 2. the components are (i) a soluble co-binding cytochrome c, (ii) a copper-containing protein and (iii) a small protein; the mol. wts. are 13 000, 47 000 and 9400 respectively. the cytochrome component cannot be replaced by similar cytochrome purified from pseudomonas extorquens or by horse heart cytochrome c. 3. the stoicheiometry suggests a mono-oxyge ... | 1977 | 15544 |
| cyanide formation from histidine in chlorella. a general reaction of aromatic amino acids catalyzed by amino acid oxidase systems. | the formation of hcn from d-histidine in chlorella vulgaris extracts is shown to be due to the combined action of a soluble protein and a particulate component. either horse-radish peroxidase (ec 1.11.1.7) or a metal ion with redox properties can be substituted for the particulate component. ions of manganese and vanadium are especially effective, as are o-phenanthroline complexes of iron. cobalt ions are less active. the d-amino acid oxidase (ec 1.4.3.3) from kidney and the l-amino acid oxidase ... | 1977 | 15606 |
| ecology of western equine encephalomyelitis in the eastern united states. | | 1977 | 16462 |
| tissue distribution and blood levels of gamma-glutamyl transferase in the horse. | in the horse, gamma-glutamyl transferase (ggt) was found to be mainly located in the kidneys, liver and pancreas. as renal lesions are followed by a urinary escape of enzyme, it can be assumed that if there are raised serum enzyme levels then the source will be chiefly from the liver and pancreas. in the blood, ggt can be measured either in plasma or serum. its mean level in 58 horses was 12 u/l. this level was not affected by moderate dilution or slight haemolysis and its activity was only slig ... | 1977 | 16748 |
| igm antibody--i. heterogeneity of the component chains of equine anti-lactose antibody. | | 1977 | 16825 |
| electronic and steric factors affecting ligand binding: horse hemoglobins containing 2,4-dimethyldeuteroheme and 2,4-dibromodeuteroheme. | | 1977 | 16926 |
| diagnosis of equine crytorchidism. | | 1977 | 17211 |
| biochemical studies on influenza viruses. i. comparative analysis of equine 2 virus and virus n genes and gene products. | | 1977 | 17217 |
| host feeding patterns of connecticut mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae). | blood-engorged coquillettidia perturbans, psorophora ferox, culex, culiseta, and aedes mosquitoes were collected principally by sweep net from salt marsh and woodland habitats in connecticut. of the 570 mosquitoes tested, precipitin tests identified the origins of 517 blood meals and revealed distinct host feeding patterns. aedes mosquitoes fed chiefly on mammals; a. abserratus, a. cantator, and a. vexans showed selectivity for cattle and (or) horses. a. cantator also obtained blood from avian h ... | 1977 | 17310 |
| the outbreak of equine influenza in england: january 1976. | equine influenza type 2 infections occurred in the newmarket areas in january 1976. the disease did not spread to any extent and while this may have been due to recent vaccination it was found that not all vaccinated horses were fully protected. the virus involved showed some antigenic drift from the prototype strain a/equine/miami/1/63 (heq 2 neq 2). | 1977 | 17942 |
| evidence for site equivalence in the reaction mechanism of horse liver alcohol dehydrogenase with aromatic substrates at alkaline ph. | | 1977 | 18165 |
| two aldehyde dehydrogenases from human liver. isolation via affinity chromatography and characterization of the isozymes. | human liver extracts show two major bands with aldehyde dehydrogenase (aldehyde:nad+ oxidoreductase, ec 1.2.1.3) activity via starch gel electrophoresis at ph 7.0. both bands have been purified to apparent homogeneity via classical chromatography combined with affinity chromatography on 5'-amp-sepharose 4b. the slower migrating band, enzyme 1, when assayed at ph 9.5 has a low km for nad (8 micrometer) and a high km for acetaldehyde (approx. 0.1 mm). it is very strongly inhibited by disulfiram at ... | 1977 | 18196 |
| properties of virions and ribonucleoproteins of venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus. | the physicochemical properties of venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis (vee) virus and of its ribonucleoprotein (rnp) were studied. upon purification in a discontinuous or linear sucrose gradient, the losses of infectivity were small (25%), and 96% of cellular proteins were removed. the purified virus was homogeneous with respect of sedimentation rate (s20, w = 265 s). the cscl gradient was unsuitable for purification of infectious virus because the latter was destroyed at high cscl concentration ... | 1977 | 18919 |
| antiviral effect of tebrofen. | tebrofen inhibited the replication of western equine encephalomyelitis (wee) virus in multicycle experiments in chick embryo cell cell cultures. the compound did not inhibit the replication of vaccinia and newcastle disease viruses. | 1977 | 18926 |
| replication of swine and equine influenza viruses in canine kidney cells. | both swine and equine influenza viruses were replicated in madin-darby canine kidney cells. hemagglutinin and complement-fixing antigens were synthesized at 4 to 8 hours postinfection and reached maximal synthesis at 16 to 20 hours. neuraminidase activity increased 9- to 11-fold; 50% of the total hemagglutinin antigen was made before the infective virus progeny was detected. | 1977 | 18972 |
| equine angiotensin converting enzyme: a zinc metalloenzyme. | 1. angiotensin i converting enzyme from horse plasma has been extensively purified and shown to be homogeneous by disc-gel electrophoresis. 2. the metal ion involved in the catalytic reaction of the enzyme has been identified for the first time as zinc by atomic absorption spectrometry. 3. a number of other physicochemical properties of the enzyme are described and compared with results obtained by other investigators. the molecular weight was determined by gel filtration to be 113 000 daltons. ... | 1977 | 19186 |
| thermal denaturation of cytochromes c of horse cow, and candida krusei in aqueous guanidine hydrochloride. | thermal denaturation of cytochromes c of horse, cow, and candida krusei in aqueous guanidine hydrochloride in the neutral ph region was studied by means of absorption and optical rotation measurements. the values of standard free energy change upon denaturation were estimated over the temperature range from 3 to 51 degrees c. large differences in the heat capacity of the native and denatured states amounting to several kcal/mol-deg were obtained for all three kinds of cytochromes c. these lead t ... | 1977 | 19430 |
| purification of alpha-l-fucosidase from various sources by affinity chromatography. | an affinity column for alpha-l-fucosidases was constructed by linking p-amino-phenyl 1-thio-alpha-l-fucopyranoside to sepharose 4b through linkers of succinyl 3,3'-diamino-dipropylamine. excellent purification of alpha-l-fucosidase from rat epididymis, clostridium perfringens and limulus polyphemus (horse shoecrab) could be effected inone step with good yield. an affinity column purification step can be introduced at any point in published purification procedures. the purified enzyme is essentia ... | 1977 | 19490 |
| immune responses during measles infection in immunosuppressed rhesus monkeys. | rhesus monkeys immunosuppressed with horse anti-human thymocyte gamma-globulin (atg) were infected with measles and simultaneously inoculated with sheep erythrocytes (srbc), a thymus-dependent antigen, and with pneumococcal polysaccaride type iii (sss-iii), a thymus-independent antigen. atg treatment alone suppressed srbc antibody production, had no effect on sss-iii antibody production, and effectively eliminated circulating t cells compared to nonsuppressed monkeys. atg treatment of measles-in ... | 1977 | 19536 |
| hemagglutinin molecules of hong kong, equine-2, and duck/ukraine influenza viruses lack n-terminal aspartic acid. | | 1977 | 19875 |
| ecology of keystone virus, a transovarially maintained arbovirus. | our studies in the pocomoke cypress swamp of maryland have shown that key strain of ce is endemic and is carried by the floodwater mosquito a. atlanticus. the virus is transmitted transstadially in nature, as evidenced by our recovery of virus from larvae and males of this species. serologic evidence, both here and elsewhere, indicates that vertebrates are infected with key, but their role in the transmission cycle remains unknown. we have found several animals, for example, the gray squirrel, t ... | 1975 | 20017 |