| fatal bronchopneumonia and dermatitis caused by pseudomonas aeruginosa in an atlantic bottle-nosed dolphin. | | 1979 | 118147 |
| staphylococcus aureus infections of captive dolphins (tursiops truncatus) and oceanarium personnel. | samples from blowhole and pharynx of 1 dolphin ill with a respiratory tract infection and 31 healthy dolphins at 2 oceanariums were examined by bacteriologic cultural technique. during the same period, nasal and volar forearm skin samples were collected from 32 healthy personnel and from a furuncle on the forearm of 1 attendant. coagulase-positive staphylococci were isolated from 8 dolphins (including the ill dolphin) and from 14 persons. antibiotic sensitivity patterns (8 drugs were tested) dif ... | 1976 | 130815 |
| [comparative characteristics of the spatial hearing in the dolphin, tursiops truncatus, and in man]. | the paper presents data on the directional selectivity of hearing in the bottlenose dolphin as a function of masking noise angle. it has been shown that the hearing system of dolphins is characterised by sharp lowering of masked thresholds depending on the noise going in the high frequency region. the same effect is shown in man, but not so evidently. | 1978 | 629118 |
| [temporal resolving capacity of the auditory analyzer of the dolphin tursiops truncatus]. | differential threshold of discrimination of paired stimuli in relation to interimpulse interval has been investigated in man and porpoise. similar features in mechanisms of discrimination of paired impulses in man and porpoise are noted. it was shown that threshold-interimpulse interval surve may be divided into several parts: two zones in which discrimination is made by different characters, and single transitional zone from one character to another. | 1977 | 899401 |
| chronic cutaneous candidiasis in bottle-nosed dolphins. | in a 20-month period, generalized chronic cutaneous candidiasis developed in 3 performing bottle-nosed dolphins kept in an indoor pool. extensive esophagogastric ulcerations were observed in 2 of the dolphins, each of which died, presumably because of these lesions. the 3rd dolphin died during a surgical procedure and did not have any esophagogastric ulcerations. candida albicans was the only organism isolated from skin lesions but was not isolated from adjacent normal skin of dolphins. treatmen ... | 1977 | 924876 |
| cerebral abscess associated with stranding in a dolphin. | a captive atlantic bottlenosed dolphin (tursiops truncatus) was examined after being found beached in the shallows of its lagoon enclosure. an abscess was found in the right cerebral hemisphere, and staphylococcus aureus was isolated from the lesion. histopathologic examination of the brain revealed a pyogenic meningoencephalitis. | 1976 | 933321 |
| lobomycosis as a disease of the atlantic bottle-nosed dolphin (tursiops truncatus montagu, 1821). | skin lesions on an atlantic bottlenosed dolphin, captured off the coast of florida, were investigated and found to be histologically and microbiologically indistinguishable from those caused in humans by loboa loboi. all attempts to isolate the etiologic agent or to transmit the infection to mice and monkeys ended in failure. sight records of other suspected dolphin cases of lobomycosis in florida waters are described along with citations of two previously confirmed and published dolphin infecti ... | 1975 | 1111350 |
| underwater frequency discrimination in the bottlenosed dolphin (1-140 khz) and the human (1-8 khz). | | 1975 | 1133262 |
| a survey of erysipelothrix insidiosa agglutinating antibody titers in vaccinated porpoises (tursiops truncatus). | antibody activity against erysipelothrix insidiosa was measured in 15 porpoises which had undergone a series of vaccinations, at 6 month intervals, with erysipelas bacterin. relatively high levels of aggluntinating antibodies were found to persist in the serum for a least 6 months following booster inoculations of the vaccine. | 1975 | 1142558 |
| calretinin-immunoreactive neurons in the primary visual cortex of dolphin and human brains. | a new class of gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba)ergic neurons immunoreactive to the calcium-binding protein calretinin (cr) was demonstrated in primary visual cortices of the bottlenose dolphin (tursiops truncatus) and humans (homo sapiens). comparative analysis revealed several differences between dolphin and human visual cortex in the laminar distribution of cr-positive perikarya, although general typology of the immunoreactive cr-positive neurons was similar in both species. thus, in both human ... | 1992 | 1467964 |
| heavy metals and selenium in stranded dolphins of the northern tyrrhenian (nw mediterranean). | heavy metal (hg, cd, pb and zn) and selenium levels were determined in striped (stenella coeruleoalba) and bottle-nosed dolphins (tursiops truncatus) stranded along the coast of tuscany and latium, italy in the period 1987-1989. lead and zinc concentrations were quite low and there was modest accumulation of cadmium in the kidney of both species. mercury levels were very high, especially in the liver where they reached peaks of 4400 ppm (dry weight) in the striped dolphin and 13,150 ppm (dry wei ... | 1992 | 1631534 |
| mhc class ii molecules and immunoglobulins on peripheral blood lymphocytes of the bottlenosed dolphin, tursiops truncatus. | the immune system of marine mammals is of comparative interest because of its adaptation to the aquatic environment. little information, however, is available on its cellular and molecular components. here, we used a cross-reactive antibody to mhc class ii molecules and an immunoglobulin-specific antiserum for identifying these molecular species on lymphocytes of the bottlenosed dolphin, tursiops truncatus. limited structural analyses indicated that class ii molecules and immunoglobulins of dolp ... | 1992 | 1645122 |
| bottlenosed dolphin and human recognition of veridical and degraded video displays of an artificial gestural language. | 2 bottlenosed dolphins proficient in interpreting gesture language signs viewed veridical and degraded gestures via tv without explicit training. in exp. 1, dolphins immediately understood most gestures: performance was high throughout degradations successively obscuring the head, torso, arms, and fingers, though deficits occurred for gestures degraded to a point-light display (pld) of the signer's hands. in exp. 2, humans of varying gestural fluency saw the pld and veridical gestures from exp. ... | 1990 | 2141354 |
| a review of the 1988 european seal morbillivirus epizootic. | an epizootic of morbillivirus infection killed thousands of common seals (phoca vitulina) in european seas in 1988. most of the affected seals had respiratory signs and the main post mortem finding was acute pneumonia. the histopathological changes were similar to those of canine distemper. six common porpoises (phocoena phocoena) found stranded on the coast of northern ireland in late 1988 had similar lesions. morbillivirus infection also killed several thousand siberian seals (phoca siberica) ... | 1990 | 2288059 |
| toxoplasmosis in atlantic bottle-nosed dolphins (tursiops truncatus). | a female atlantic bottle-nosed dolphin (tursiops truncatus) and her calf were found beached on picnic island in tampa bay, florida, usa. despite therapy the animals died. necropsy revealed severe pneumonia and lymphadenopathy in the mother and the calf, gastric ulcers and infection with the stomach digenean braunina cordiformis in the mother, and a large, pale liver in the calf. toxoplasma gondii was identified by light and electron microscopy and by immunohistochemistry in tissues of both anima ... | 1990 | 2388360 |
| composition of the milks of the bottlenose dolphin (tursiops trucatus) and the florida manatee (trichechus manatus latirostris). | milk samples from four individual bottlenose (tursiops truncatus) and two florida manatees (trichechus manatus latirostris) of known lactation stages were analyzed for protein, carbohydrate and lipid composition, as well as for activity levels of alpha-lactalbumin, the regulatory protein of lactose synthase. the milk from both species had relatively high protein and lipid levels, as reported previously for other marine mammals. the major proportion of the lipid was in the form of triglycerides. ... | 1986 | 2873935 |
| clostridium perfringens as the cause of death of a captive atlantic bottlenosed dolphin (tursiops truncatus). | a previously healthy captive female bottlenosed dolphin (tursiops truncatus) died suddenly. at necropsy, clostridium perfringens was isolated from dorsal muscle, blood, left heart ventricle, thoracic fluid, and abdominal fluid. an identical strain was recovered from pool water. a male dolphin in the same pool had inflicted several "rake" marks on the dorsal surface of the female. water-borne bacteria probably entered these lesions which served as the focus for anaerobe penetration and spread. | 1987 | 2887668 |
| gonadotrophin in the term placenta of the dolphin (tursiops truncatus), the californian sea lion (zalophus californianus), the grey seal (halichoerus grypus) and man. | chorionic gonadotrophin activity in extracts of the term placenta of a dolphin, a sea lion and a grey seal was measured by its effectiveness in increasing uterine weight in the mouse and by solid-phase ria using hcg as immunogen and labelled antigen. bioreactive (b) gonadotrophin was found in these placentae and, compared to the human term placenta, the concentration of cg in the dolphin was higher, in the sea lion similar and in the grey seal lower. the biological activity in each species was n ... | 1986 | 3701703 |
| purification and characterization of the major whey proteins from the milks of the bottlenose dolphin (tursiops truncatus), the florida manatee (trichechus manatus latirostris), and the beagle (canis familiaris). | the major whey proteins of the milks of the dolphin, manatee, and beagle were purified by gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography and characterized and identified by molecular weight determination, amino acid analysis, n-terminal sequencing, and activity measurements. the major whey protein components from all three species were found to be monomeric beta-lactoglobulins. these proteins were all active in binding retinol. dolphin milk contained two beta-lactoglobulins (designated 1 and 2) ... | 1986 | 3707136 |
| [structure of the mammillary bodies of the hypothalamus of the bottlenosed dolphin]. | in the bottlenosed dolphin (tursiops truncatus) the hypothalamic corpus mammillaris has been studied using interperpendicular, sagittal, frontal and horizontal serial sections, impregnated in silver and stained with cresil-violet. comparatively small dimentions of the corpora mammillaria in the bottlenosed dolphin are explained by presence of only two nuclei, medial and lateral. the lateral nucleus is nearly three times as large as the medial one. the size of the neurons in the medial nucleus is ... | 1985 | 3924008 |
| radioimmunoassay of serum follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone in the bottlenosed dolphin. | commercially available radioimmunoassay (ria) kits for human follicle-stimulating hormone (fsh) and luteinizing hormone (lh) were adapted for quantitation of these hormones in serum from bottlenosed dolphins (tursiops truncatus). serum samples from over 160 wild and 70 captive animals were assayed in order to determine basal concentrations of fsh and lh in these animals, as well as to detect possible differences between various groups. mean fsh and lh levels for all animals were 0.22 +/- 0.08 an ... | 1985 | 3936552 |
| the lipid composition of the blood of marine mammals. ii. atlantic bottlenose dolphins, tursiops truncatus and two species of seals, halichoerus grypus and phoca vitulina. | | 1971 | 4330449 |
| actinomycotic mycetoma in the bottlenose dolphin (tursiops truncatus) due to norcardia paraguayensis. | | 1972 | 4483049 |
| ulcerative dermatitis and pneumonia associated with aeromonas hydrophila infection in the bottle-nosed dolphin. | | 1973 | 4742080 |
| ventricular system of the brain of the dolphin, tursiops truncatus, with comparative anatomical observations and relations to brain specializations. | | 1969 | 4976943 |
| vaccination of porpoises (tursiops truncatus) against erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae infection. | | 1971 | 5120114 |
| vaccination of porpoises (tursiops truncatus) against erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae infection. | | 1971 | 5163748 |
| relationship of sleep, respiration, and anesthesia in the porpoise: a preliminary report. | the porpoise, an air-breathing mammal whose habits are entirely aquatic, presents special problems of respiration, sleep, and anesthesia. these problems have been studied in three species, tursiops truncatus, lagenorhynchus obliquidens, and phocoenoides dalli. the respiratory rhythm is unusual in that there is an extended pause-an apneustic plateau-between periods of expiration and inspiration. this rhythm has been observed under waking conditions, during sleep, and also when the animal is anest ... | 1969 | 5256998 |
| the cochlea of the dolphin, tursiops truncatus: hair cells and ganglion cells. | a study of the cochlear hair cells in tursiops truncatus showed 3451 inner and 13,933 outer hair cells, for a total of 17,384. this total is of the same order of magnitude as the value of 14,975 for the human ear. determination of the ganglion cell population for the dolphin gave a total of 95,004 cells, which is about three times as many as in man. the large number of hair cells in the dolphin ear suggests a high order of auditory proficiency in general, and especially a marked ability of tonal ... | 1971 | 5289233 |
| human infection due to mycobacterium marinum after a dolphin bite. | a young man employed at the local aquarium was bitten by a bottlenose dolphin (tursiops truncatus) during a training session, receiving a slight injury which healed rapidly. some two months later fluctuant swellings appeared in the region of the bite, which developed into indolent ulcers which have not completely healed seven months after the original bite. cultures taken on two occasions have yielded a pure growth of mycobacterium marinum. | 1970 | 5529254 |
| the anatomy of the brain of the bottlenose dolphin (tursiops truncatus). rhinic lobe (rhinencephalon). i. the paleocortex. | | 1971 | 5541352 |
| blood oxygen and ecology of porpoises of three genera. | blood volumes, hemoglobin concentrations, packed-cell volumes, and heart weights were determined in three genera of propoises which differ from one another in behavior and ecology. the estimate for the total blood-oxygen content of the highly active, deep-diving, pelagic species phocoenoides dalli was almost three times greater than that for the coastaldwelling species tursiops truncatus, and about 70 percent greater than for the less active pelagic species, lagenorhynchus obliquidens. heart wei ... | 1966 | 5902388 |
| anesthetization of porpoises for major surgery. | comparison of three porpoises (tursiops truncatus and lagenorhynchus obliquidens) given nitrous oxide with 18 given halothane, with complete documentation of reflexes and comprehensive physiological monitoring, showed halothane to be a suitable anesthetic for major surgery while nitrous oxide was found to be inadequate. in addition, sodium thiopental administered intravenously was successfully used to facilitate intubation procedures. this development eliminated the need to intubate awake porpoi ... | 1967 | 6048109 |
| [myeloarchitectonics of the hypothalamic mammillary bodies in the bottle-nosed dolphin]. | the topography of the main fibrillar bundles realizing the neural connections of the corpora mamillare of the dolphin (tursiops truncatus) hypothalamus has been studied using sagittal, frontal and horizontal serial sections impregnated with silver nitrate and stained with cresil violet. the dolphin main afferent (fornix, mamillary peduncles) and efferent--mamillary-thalamic, mamillary-tegmental tracts--of the corpora mamillare--have an original topography and dimensions distinctive from those of ... | 1984 | 6201154 |
| a possible case of lôbo's disease acquired in europe from a bottle-nosed dolphin (tursiops truncatus). | a granuloma of the skin of one hand, accompanied by supratrochlear lymphadenitis, became evident about 3 months after the patient, an aquarium attendant, had had occupational contact, in europe, with a bottle-nosed dolphin (tursiops truncatus). the dolphin, when caught in the bay of biscay, had granulomas of the skin: yeast-like organisms, morphologically indistinguishable from loboa loboi, were found in a biopsy specimen. identical organisms were present in the attendant's skin lesion and supra ... | 1983 | 6231133 |
| candidiasis in captive cetaceans. | disseminated candida albicans infections were found or suspected in 4 captive cetaceans. ketoconazole at a dosage of 2.5 mg/kg, bid, administered orally for 18 days, followed by 8 biweekly oral doses of levamisole hydrochloride at the rate of 9 mg/kg, resulted in regression of clinical signs of candidiasis in an adult male atlantic bottlenose dolphin (tursiops truncatus). a higher dosage of ketoconazole (6 mg/kg, bid) was effective in eliminating the shedding of c albicans from an adult male bel ... | 1982 | 6294033 |
| human lymphocyte agglutinins in tursiops truncatus (bottlenose dolphin). | a naturally occurring heterophile agglutinin directed against human erythrocytes and lymphocytes is present in the serum of the marine mammal, tursiops truncatus (bottlenose dolphin). differential specificity was demonstrated with the use of absorption techniques that showed at least 3 separate specificities directed against erythrocytes, t cells, and b cells, of which the b cell agglutinin was in the highest titer. isolation techniques employing ion exchange and affinity chromatography have sho ... | 1983 | 6605912 |
| [the primary structure of hemoglobins from the bottlenosed dolphin (tursiops truncatus, cetacea)]. | only one hemoglobin component was found in the bottlenosed dolphin (tursiops truncatus, cetacea). the alpha and beta chains were separated by chromatography on cm-52 cellulose. the complete primary structures of both chains were established by automatic edman degradation of the chains and the tryptic peptides. the alignment was done by homology with alpha und beta chains of adult human hemoglobin. a comparison of these two hemoglobins shows an exchange of 22 amino acid residues in the alpha chai ... | 1983 | 6639644 |
| genetic control of the immune response to myoglobin. viii. control of antibody affinity. | we have previously shown that the antibody response to mammalian myoglobins is under genetic control. in the present study we examined antibodies to sperm-whale. atlantic bottlenosed dolphin, black sea dolphin, horse and badger myoglobins, raised in high responder strains of mice, to ascertain whether there is genetic control of antibody affinity to mammalian myoglobins. using antisera of varying dilutions, the binding to 125i-labelled homologous myoglobins was studied by inhibition with homolog ... | 1981 | 6795280 |
| progesterone and estrogens in the pregnant and nonpregnant dolphin, tursiops truncatus, and the effects of induced ovulation. | baseline serum levels of progesterone and total immunoreactive estrogens were determined for intact and ovariectomized captive female atlantic bottlenose dolphins (tursiops truncatus), as well as newly captured wild adult females. stimulation of ovarian follicular growth and ovulation was attempted by intramuscular injection of pregnant mare's serum gonadotropin (pmsg). high doses of pmsg were required to increase serum estrogen levels. when pmsg was followed by an injection of human chorionic g ... | 1983 | 6860744 |
| auditory brainstem response in dolphins. | we recorded the auditory brainstem response (abr) in four dolphins (tursiops truncatus and delphinus delphis). the abr evoked by clicks consists of seven waves within 10 msec; two waves often contain dual peaks. the main waves can be identified with those of humans and laboratory mammals; in spite of a much longer path, the latencies of the peaks are almost identical to those of the rat. the dolphin abr waves increase in latency as the intensity of a sound decreases by only 4 microseconds/decibe ... | 1981 | 6940199 |
| occurrence of human-associated yeasts in the feces and pool waters of captive bottlenosed dolphins (tursiops truncatus). | total yeast counts at 20 and 37 c incubation from chlorinated salt water pools containing marine mammals averaged 40 per l and 12 per l, respectively. candida albicans, the etiological agent of candidiasis in mammals, was found in 32% of 123 water samples although numbers were low (average of 1.2 cells per l). the yeast was isolated only once from feces from one atlantic bottlenosed dolphin (tursiops truncatus) but was recovered from three fecal samples from an asymptomatic beluga whale (delphin ... | 1980 | 6990021 |
| the limbic lobe of the dolphin brain: a quantitative cytoarchitectonic study. | in these cytoarchitectonic studies of the cortical limbic formations of the bottlenose dolphin and other whale brains we have carried out quantitative analyses of the entire limbic lobe, including all of its sectors: supracallosal, retrosplenial and temporal. the limbic lobe proper has been examined as well as transitional areas between the limbic lobe and the archicortical and paleocortical formations and the extralimbic neocortices, including the entorhinal area and presubiculum. analyses incl ... | 1982 | 7161482 |
| comparative characteristics of spatial hearing in the dolphin tursiops truncatus and man. | directional hearing in dolphins and man was studied by measuring thresholds of detection of signals in noise relative to angle of incidence of interference. the data obtained, evidence of the presence of definite spatial directionality of the hearing system of the dolphin, is expressed in a sharp improvement of thresholds of detection of signals in noise corresponding to the distance of the source of noise from the source of the positive signal in the high frequency range. this effect was also d ... | 1980 | 7393443 |
| post mortem investigations on cetaceans found stranded on the coasts of italy between 1990 and 1993. | detailed pathological and virological examinations were carried out on 25 cetaceans found stranded between 1990 and 1993 on the coasts of six italian regions (latium, tuscany, apulia, abruzzo, veneto and sicily). there were 16 striped dolphins (stenella coeruleoalba), three bottlenosed dolphins (tursiops truncatus), three risso's dolphins (grampus griseus), one rough-toothed dolphin (steno bredanensis), one fin whale pup (balaenoptera physalus), and one minke whale (balaenoptera acutorostrata). ... | 1995 | 7631479 |
| morbilliviral disease in atlantic bottlenose dolphins (tursiops truncatus) from the 1987-1988 epizootic. | lungs and lymph nodes of 79 atlantic bottlenose dolphins (tursiops truncatus) that died from 6 august 1987 to 16 april 1988 along the atlantic coasts of new jersey, virginia, and florida (usa) were examined histologically and were tested for the presence of morbillivirus antigen by an immunoperoxidase technique. lung lesions included areas of interstitial pneumonia characterized by varying combinations of type ii pneumocyte hyperplasia, interstitial fibroplasia and leukocytes, syncytia, and intr ... | 1994 | 7760492 |
| morbilliviral disease in an atlantic bottlenose dolphin (tursiops truncatus) from the gulf of mexico. | a free-living adult female atlantic bottlenose dolphin (tursiops truncatus) found dead near panama city, florida (usa), had necrotizing and ulcerative tracheitis, suppurative and hemorrhagic pneumonia, and necrotizing myocarditis; fungal hyphae were present in these lesions. additionally, lungs had multifocal proliferative interstitial pneumonia with occasional syncytial cells. some syncytial cells and type ii pneumocytes contained eosinophilic intranuclear or intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies, ... | 1994 | 7760493 |
| characteristics of a brucella species from a bottlenose dolphin (tursiops truncatus). | a culture isolated from an aborted fetus of a bottlenose dolphin (tursiops truncatus) was characterized. the isolate was a gram-negative coccobacillus, and the colonial morphology was typical of a smooth brucella. the isolate was positive for catalase, oxidase, nitrate reduction, and urease. hydrogen sulfide was not produced. it grew in air at 37 c but required 72 hours for good growth. there was growth on media containing basic fuchsin, thionin, thionin blue, penicillin, and erythritol. the m a ... | 1994 | 7858024 |
| a review of heavy metal and organochlorine levels in marine mammals in australia. | study of toxic contaminants in marine mammal specimens collected around australia is currently uncoordinated and piecemeal. most states collect samples but there is little or no financial support for their analysis. this study combines data, published or unpublished, from 13 sources. heavy metals have been analysed in about 676 specimens; over 400 were for mercury levels in p. macrocephalus taken at a whaling station. the remaining samples were mostly from toothed whales, a few baleen whales (< ... | 1994 | 7973602 |
| calcium-binding protein-containing neuronal populations in mammalian visual cortex: a comparative study in whales, insectivores, bats, rodents, and primates. | this study is focused on comparative analysis of gamma-aminobutyric acid-positive (gabaergic) neuronal populations in primary visual cortex of totally aquatic toothed whales and select terrestrial mammals with different evolutionary histories and various ecological adaptations. the distribution of neuronal populations containing the calcium-binding proteins calbindin and parvalbumin, which are recognized markers for the gabaergic neurons in cerebral cortex, is compared in five species of toothed ... | 1993 | 8324371 |
| the uncertain response in the bottlenosed dolphin (tursiops truncatus). | humans respond adaptively to uncertainty by escaping or seeking additional information. to foster a comparative study of uncertainty processes, we asked whether humans and a bottlenosed dolphin (tursiops truncatus) would use similarly a psychophysical uncertain response. human observers and the dolphin were given 2 primary discrimination responses and a way to escape chosen trials into easier ones. humans escaped sparingly from the most difficult trials near threshold that left them demonstrably ... | 1995 | 8530911 |
| postmortem diagnosis of morbillivirus infection in bottlenose dolphins (tursiops truncatus) in the atlantic and gulf of mexico epizootics by polymerase chain reaction-based assay. | lung tissue from 39 bottlenose dolphins (tursiops truncatus) found dead off the u.s. atlantic and gulf of mexico coasts from 1987 to 1994 was examined for the presence of morbillivirus using a reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) technique. of the atlantic cases examined, six of six were positive using this assay; 18 of 25 gulf of mexico cases with amplifiable rna also were found to be positive, and eight additional specimens had no amplifiable rna. the rt-pcr allowed the dia ... | 1995 | 8592367 |
| accumulation pattern of butyltin compounds in dolphin, tuna, and shark collected from italian coastal waters. | tributyltin (tbt) and its breakdown products, mono-(mbt) and dibutyltin (dbt) were determined in bottlenose dolphin (tursiops truncatus), bluefin tuna (thunnus thynnus thynnus) and blue shark (prionace glauca) collected from the italian coast of the mediterranean sea in 1992-1993. concentrations of total butyltin (bts) in the liver of dolphin (1,200-2,200 ng/g wet wt) were an order of magnitude higher than in the blubber (48-320 ng/g wet wt). tbt was the predominant butyltin species in the blubb ... | 1996 | 8687986 |
| morbilliviral epizootic in bottlenose dolphins of the gulf of mexico. | morbillivirus infection was diagnosed in 35/67 bottlenose dolphins (tursiops truncatus) from the gulf of mexico that stranded from october 1993 through april 1994 in alabama, mississippi, and texas (usa) during periods of increased dolphin strandings in each of the 3 states. diagnosis was based on histologic lesions, immunohistochemical demonstration of mobilliviral antigen, and detection of morbilliviral rna by a reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) test performed on formali ... | 1996 | 8844569 |
| [viruses of whales and dolphins]. | dna- and rna-genome viruses of whales and dolphins belong to families poxviridae, herpesviridae, adenoviridae, orthomyxoviridae, paramyxoviridae, togaviridae, picornaviridae. virological, serological and pathomorphological signs of infection have been registered in odontoceti (bottle-nosed dolphin, atlantic white-sided dolphin, striped dolphin, harbona porpoise, white-beaked dolphin, common dolphin, sperm whale, pilot whale, white whale) and musticeti (sei whale, fin whale, gray whale, and bowhe ... | 1996 | 9044706 |
| nucleoside transport in erythrocytes from bottle-nosed dolphin (tursiops truncatus). | entry of adenosine, and thymidine, into erythrocytes from adult dolphins was rapid, showed saturation at higher substrate concentrations, and was strongly inhibited by low concentrations of nitrobenzylthioinosine (nbmpr). kinetic parameters were estimated from the concentration dependence of initial rates of tracer entry at 21 degrees c, as k(m) 0.14 +/- 0.05 mm and vmax 24.4 +/- 1.9 mumol/litre cell water/sec for zero trans entry of adenosine, and k(m) 0.96 +/- 0.21 mm and vmax 25.4 +/- 1.7 mum ... | 1997 | 9185340 |
| histologic, immunohistochemical, and polymerase chain reaction studies of bottlenose dolphins from the 1987-1988 united states atlantic coast epizootic. | tissues from 95 bottlenose dolphins (tursiops truncatus) that died during the 1987-1988 us atlantic coast epizootic and 11 bottlenose dolphins that died along the atlantic coast prior to 1987 were examined histologically and immunohistochemically. polymerase chain reaction (pcr) testing was performed on 36 of the epizootic and all of the pre-1987 cases. epizootic cases had syncytia and rare intranuclear and intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies within lung, lymph node, and spleen. lymphoid depletion ... | 1997 | 9240837 |
| bronchoalveolar lavage in a dolphin. | bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) was performed twice to evaluate a stranded atlantic bottle-nosed dolphin for pulmonary disease. a pediatric gastroscope with a working length of 1,090 mm and an outer diameter of 9.8 mm was of appropriate size for bal in this dolphin. fifty milliliters of sterile saline (0.9% nacl) solution was used in each of 2 sites for the first lavage. fluid recovery was 58 and 66% from the 2 sites; however, results of cytologic analyses were typical of a bronchial wash rather th ... | 1997 | 9333097 |
| a high resolution gbg-banded karyotype of the atlantic bottlenose dolphin, tursiops truncatus: generation of an ideogram, and nor localization by fluorescence in situ hybridization. | a high resolution karyotype was prepared using gbg-banded chromosomes from kidney epithelial cell lines of the atlantic bottlenose dolphin, tursiops truncatus. the karyotype was used to generate a banded ideogram of t. truncatus that will facilitate cytogenetic analyses essential for comparison of dolphin chromosomes with those of potentially related terrestrial vertebrates. fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis of the karytype using a rodent (geomys bursarius) 28s ribosomal dna (rdna) pro ... | 1997 | 9345896 |
| antibodies to brucella in marine mammals around the coast of england and wales. | following the isolation of previously unrecognised species of brucella from stranded seals and cetaceans in scotland and northern england, a serological survey was carried out to investigate the range of marine mammal species which may have been exposed to brucella species around the coasts of england and wales, the prevalence of infection and the temporal and geographical distribution of seropositive animals. serum collected from 153 stranded marine mammals from the coasts of england and wales ... | 1997 | 9416675 |
| glut-1 mediation of rapid glucose transport in dolphin (tursiops truncatus) red blood cells. | d-glucose entry into erythrocytes from adult dolphins (tursiops truncatus) was rapid, showed saturation at high substrate concentrations, and demonstrated a marked stimulation by intracellular d-glucose. kinetic parameters were estimated from the concentration dependence of initial rates of tracer entry at 6 degrees c: for zero-trans entry, michaelis constant (k(m)) was 0.78 +/- 0.10 mm and maximal velocity (vmax) was 300 +/- 9 mumol.l cell water-1.min-1; for equilibrium exchange entry, k(m) was ... | 1998 | 9458906 |
| mechanism of spectral tuning in the dolphin visual pigments. | the absorption maxima of both rod and cone visual pigments of the bottlenose dolphin (tursiops truncatus) are blue-shifted relative to those of terrestrial mammals. a comparison of the sequence of the dolphin rod photopigment gene with that of the bovine rod suggests that, fo the 28 nonidentical amino acids, three amino acid substitutions at positions 83, 292, and 299 in the dolphin rod pigment are responsible for the 10 nm blue shift in absorption maxima. a similar comparison of the dolphin lon ... | 1998 | 9471225 |
| serological evidence of morbillivirus infection in small cetaceans from the southeast pacific. | the presence of morbillivirus-specific serum antibodies was examined by an indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ielisa) and virus neutralization tests in serum samples from 30 dusky dolphins (lagenorhynchus obscurus), 8 long-snouted common dolphins (delphinus capensis), 2 inshore and 6 offshore bottlenose dolphins (tursiops truncatus) and 20 burmeister's porpoises (phocoena spinipinnis) taken in fisheries off central peru in 1993-1995. the sera from six dusky dolphins, one common dolphin ... | 1998 | 9549850 |
| ultrasonographic evaluation of the effects of exogenous gonadotropins on follicular recruitment and ovulation induction in the atlantic bottlenose dolphin (tursiops truncatus). | transabdominal ultrasonography and serum steroid concentrations were used to evaluate the effects of exogenous gonadotropin administration on ovarian activity of two anestrous bottlenose dolphins (tursiops truncatus). the gonadotropin used for follicular recruitment was pg600, which has 400 iu equine chorionic gonadotropin (ecg) and 200 iu human chorionic gonadotropin (hcg) activity per 5 ml. ovulation induction was attempted with hcg. pg600 was administered in two doses of 20 ml (1,600 iu ecg a ... | 1998 | 9638617 |
| detection of ultrasonic tones and simulated dolphin echolocation clicks by a teleost fish, the american shad (alosa sapidissima). | the authors previously reported that american shad (alosa sapidissima) can detect sounds from 100 hz to 180 khz, with two regions of best sensitivity, one from 200 to 800 hz and the other from 25 to 150 khz [mann et al., nature 389, 341 (1997)]. these results demonstrated ultrasonic hearing by shad, but thresholds at lower frequencies were potentially masked by background noise in the experimental room. in this study, the thresholds of the american shad in a quieter and smaller tank, as well as ... | 1998 | 9670546 |
| macroparasites in cetaceans stranded on the northwestern spanish atlantic coast. | an extensive parasitological survey was carried out during autopsy of 80 cetaceans representing 8 species within 4 families (delphinus delphis, stenella coeruleoalba, tursiops truncatus, grampus griseus, globicephala melas, kogia breviceps, phocoena phocoena and megaptera novaeangliae) collected on the northwestern spanish atlantic coast from february 1991 to october 1996. two species of tetraphyllidean cestodes (phyllobothrium delphini and monorygma grimaldii), 2 ascaridoid nematodes (anisakis ... | 1998 | 9676247 |
| the visual pigments of the bottlenose dolphin (tursiops truncatus). | to assess the dolphin's capacity for color vision and determine the absorption maxima of the dolphin visual pigments, we have cloned and expressed the dolphin opsin genes. on the basis of sequence homology with other mammalian opsins, a dolphin rod and long-wavelength sensitive (lws) cone opsin cdnas were identified. both dolphin opsin cdnas were expressed in mammalian cos-7 cells. the resulting proteins were reconstituted with the chromophore 11-cis-retinal resulting in functional pigments with ... | 1998 | 9682867 |
| homologies between human and dolphin chromosomes detected by heterologous chromosome painting. | human chromosome-specific probes for the entire karyotype were hybridized to metaphase spreads of the atlantic bottlenose dolphin, tursiops truncatus, to directly compare the evolutionary conservation of chromosomal segments between these two distantly related species. all human chromosomal paints, except the y probe, hybridized to tursiops counterparts, and every dolphin chromosome was painted except for the smallest submetacentric pair. in our analysis, 36 segments of conserved synteny common ... | 1998 | 9691170 |
| heavy metals in dolphins stranded on the french atlantic coast. | heavy metal concentrations (total and organic hg, ti, cr, cu, zn, cd and pb) were determined in the muscle, liver and kidney of 36 dolphins stranded on the french atlantic coast between 1977 and 1990: 29 common dolphins delphinus delphis, five bottlenose dolphins tursiops truncatus and two striped dolphins stenella coeruleoalba. total hg concentration in the liver increased with age, while relative methylmercury concentration decreased, reflecting the existence of a slow demethylation process. t ... | 1998 | 9703697 |
| coccidioidomycosis in a bottlenose dolphin. | a stranded bottlenose dolphin (tursiops truncatus gilli) succumbed to a pulmonary infection of coccidioides immitis. the dolphin initially presented with mild inspiratory dyspnea that rapidly worsened over 48 hr to include buoyancy abnormalities and finally death. at necropsy, caseous nodules were observed throughout the lungs and perihilar lymph nodes. on histological examination of tissues, double walled organisms containing endospores characteristic of c. immitis were observed in lung, perihi ... | 1998 | 9706575 |
| morbillivirus infections in aquatic mammals. | morbillivirus infections which were not documented in aquatic mammals until 1988, have caused at least five epizootics in these species during the last 10 years. affected populations include european harbour seals (phoca vitulina) and grey seals (halichoerus grypus) in 1998, baikal seals (phoca siberica) in siberia from 1987-1988, striped dolphins (stenella coeruleoalba) in the mediterranean sea from 1990-1992 and bottlenose dolphins (tursiops truncatus) along the eastern coast of the united sta ... | 1998 | 9807724 |
| molecular cloning of bottle-nosed dolphin (tursiops truncatus) mhc class i cdna. | using polymerase chain reaction, bottle-nosed dolphin (tursiops truncatus) major histocompatibility complex (dola) class i alpha chain cdna was cloned and sequenced. predicted amino acid sequences of dola class i alpha chain have cystein residues for intradomain disulfide bond formation and n-linked glycosylation sites, suggesting that dola class i alpha chain molecules construct alpha 1, alpha 2, and alpha 3 domain structures. similarity of dola class i alpha chain cdna to land mammal mhc class ... | 1998 | 9819762 |
| comparative analysis of calcium-binding protein-immunoreactive neuronal populations in the auditory and visual systems of the bottlenose dolphin (tursiops truncatus) and the macaque monkey (macaca fascicularis). | this study compares the distribution of three calcium-binding protein-immunoreactive (cabp-immunoreactive) neuronal populations (calretinin-, calbindin- and parvalbumin-immunoreactive) in the visual and auditory systems in two mammalian species which are fundamentally different in their evolutionary traits and ecology, the aquatic toothed whale tursiops truncatus (bottlenose dolphin) and the terrestrial old world primate, macaca fascicularis (long-tailed macaque). immunocytochemical analyses, co ... | 1998 | 9860088 |
| quantitative tools for comparing animal communication systems: information theory applied to bottlenose dolphin whistle repertoires. | comparative analysis of nonhuman animal communication systems and their complexity, particularly in comparison to human language, has been generally hampered by both a lack of sufficiently extensive data sets and appropriate analytic tools. information theory measures provide an important quantitative tool for examining and comparing communication systems across species. in this paper we use the original application of information theory, that of statistical examination of a communication system ... | 1999 | 10049481 |
| pitfalls in the categorization of behaviour: a comparison of dolphin whistle classification methods. | the categorization of behaviour patterns into separate classes is crucial to the study of animal behaviour. traditionally researchers have classified behaviour patterns through careful observation by eye. recently this method has been increasingly replaced by computer methods. while the definition and fine scale analysis that can be achieved with computers is desirable, only a few studies have actually looked at how these methods perform in comparison with human observation. i compared the class ... | 1999 | 10053080 |
| bronchoscopic and serologic diagnosis of aspergillus fumigatus pulmonary infection in a bottlenose dolphin (tursiops truncatus). | a 4-yr-old male bottlenose dolphin (tursiops truncatus) developed an aspergillus fumigatus pneumonia. fungal elements were identified by cytology and microbiology from endoscopic bronchoalveolar lavage and brushings of a raised yellow endobronchial lesion. the results of qualitative immunodiffusion serology, a technique that identifies specific circulating antibodies to aspergillus fumigatus, were suggestive of an active infection. the dolphin was treated with itraconazole for over 2 yr, which r ... | 1998 | 10065855 |
| disseminated histoplasmosis in an atlantic bottlenose dolphin (tursiops truncatus). | an approximately 37-yr-old female atlantic bottlenose dolphin (tursiops truncatus) died after a 4-mo illness characterized by intermittent anorexia, lethargy, mild neutrophilic leukocytosis, and mild nonregenerative anemia. at necropsy, the lungs were diffusely consolidated, and histopathology of the lungs revealed severe pneumonia with macrophages containing clusters of numerous yeast cells. inflammatory lesions and yeast also were found in pulmonary, mediastinal, prescapular, and duodenal lymp ... | 1998 | 10065856 |
| dermatitis with invasive ciliated protozoa in dolphins that died during the 1987-1988 atlantic bottlenose dolphin morbilliviral epizootic. | dermatitis with intradermal cilated protozoa was identified in 18 of 95 (19%) atlantic bottlenose dolphins (tursiops truncatus) that died during the 1987-1988 atlantic-dolphin morbillivirus epizootic. the lesions were characterized by focally extensive suppurative and histiocytic dermatitis and cellulitis with ulceration and variable numbers of dermal and hypodermal ciliates. vasculitis, thrombosis, and/or intravascular ciliates were rarely present. in one dolphin, there was an associated lympha ... | 1999 | 10098649 |
| brucella-induced abortions and infection in bottlenose dolphins (tursiops truncatus). | two bottlenose dolphins (tursiops truncatus) aborted fetuses that died as a result of brucella infection. brucella placentitis occurred in both cases. infected placenta and vaginal/uterine fluids may transmit brucella species to other cetaceans. in a third case, an identical organism was cultured from lung necropsy tissue of an adult female t. truncatus. microbiology, specific polymerase chain reaction, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis results supported the designation of an additional genom ... | 1999 | 10367651 |
| cloning and sequencing of a bottle-nosed dolphin (tursiops truncatus) interleukin-4-encoding cdna. | using polymerase chain reaction (pcr), a bottle-nosed dolphin (tursiops truncatus) interleukin-4 (il4) cdna was cloned and sequenced. il4 specific primers were based on the 5' and 3' untranslated regions of the human and murine il4 gene. the dolphin il4 cdna is 528 base pairs in length and contains an open reading frame of 402 nucleotides coding an il4 precursor of 133 amino acids, with the putative signal peptide of 24 amino acids. analysis of the mature amino acid sequence shows three potentia ... | 1999 | 10423694 |
| hematologic, biochemical, and endocrine effects of dexamethasone on bottlenose dolphins (tursiops truncatus). | two atlantic bottlenose dolphins (tursiops truncatus) were given 0.11 mg/kg dexamethasone p.o., and complete blood count and serum chemistry analyses, including insulin, thyroxine (t4) adrenocorticotrophic hormone (acth), and cortisol level determinations, were performed at 0 hr, 24 hr, 36 hr, 48 hr, 7 days, and 17 days. significant changes included neutrophilia, eosinopenia, lymphopenia, elevated insulin, and depressed acth and cortisol levels within 24 hr of dexamethasone administration. these ... | 1999 | 10484154 |
| cloning and sequencing of the bottle-nosed dolphin (tursiops truncatus) interferon-gamma gene. | the bottle-nosed dolphin (tursiops truncatus) interferon-gamma(ifn-gamma) cdna was cloned from mitogen stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) rna utilizing the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr). the dolphin ifn-gammacdna was 585 base pairs in length and contained an open reading frame of 498 nucleotides encoding an ifn-gammaprecursor of 166 amino acids, with cleavage of the putative signal peptide of 19 amino acids. analysis of the mature amino acid sequences ... | 1999 | 10487235 |
| biomarkers of dna damage in marine mammals. | certain environmental contaminants found in marine mammals have been shown to cause dna damage and cancer. the micronuclei (mn), sister chromatid exchange (sce) and/or chromosome aberration (ca) assays were used to assess baseline (spontaneous) levels of dna damage in blood lymphocytes of individuals of the relatively healthy and lightly contaminated arctic beluga whale (delphinapterus leucas), sarasota bay, fl, bottlenose dolphin (tursiops truncatus) and northwestern atlantic grey (halichoerus ... | 1999 | 10521683 |
| dolphins (tursiops truncatus) comprehend the referential character of the human pointing gesture. | the authors tested a dolphin's (tursiops truncatus) understanding of human manual pointing gestures to 3 distal objects located to the left of, to the right of, or behind the dolphin. the human referred to an object through a direct point (pd), a cross-body point (px), or a familiar symbolic gesture (s). in experiment 1, the dolphin responded correctly to 80% of pds toward laterally placed objects but to only 40% of pds to the object behind. responding to objects behind improved to 88% in experi ... | 1999 | 10608559 |
| cloning and sequencing of a bottle-nosed dolphin (tursiops truncatus) interleukin-1alpha and -1beta complementary dnas. | the bottle-nosed dolphin (tursiops truncatus) il-1alpha and il-1beta cdna were cloned from mitogen stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) rna utilizing the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr). the sequences of these cdnas showed that dolphin il-1alpha and il-1beta clones contained open reading frames encoding 265 and 266 amino acids, respectively. comparison of the deduced amino acid showed that dolphin il-1alpha sequence shared 77, 77, 77, 74, 71, 65 and 57% s ... | 1999 | 10651053 |
| post-mortem investigations on stranded dolphins and porpoises from hong kong waters. | stranded cetaceans reported from the territorial waters of hong kong during the period may 1993 to march 1998 were examined to establish factors that may have contributed to their death. during the current study, 28 indo-pacific hump-backed dolphins (sousa chinensis), 32 finless porpoises (neophocaena phocaenoides), and four bottlenose dolphins (tursiops truncatus) were necropsied. bacteria (15 species) were isolated from nine animals. of these bacteria, 47% were of possible fecal origin reflect ... | 2000 | 10813617 |
| histopathological and immunohistochemical studies on cetaceans found stranded on the coast of italy between 1990 and 1997. | detailed histopathological and immunohistochemical studies were carried out on 24 cetaceans, 17 of which were striped dolphins (stenella coeruleoalba), four bottlenose dolphins (tursiops truncatus) and three risso's dolphins (grampus griseus), all found stranded on the italian coast between 1990 and 1997. the most frequently detected lesions were chronic pneumonia (73.7% of the examined lungs), focal chronic pancreatitis (71.4%), non-purulent encephalitis (50%), chronic hepatitis (42.1%), and ch ... | 2000 | 10842462 |
| pulmonary pathology of harbour porpoises (phocoena phocoena) stranded in england and wales between 1990 and 1996. | the pathological changes observed in the lungs of 197 freshly dead to moderately decomposed harbour porpoises (phocoenaphocoena) stranded in england and wales between october 1990 and december 1996 were reviewed. in 135 (69 per cent of the cases) macroscopic nematode infections of the bronchial tract with pseudalius inflexus and torynurus convolutus, either singly or in combination, were recorded, and 106 (54 per cent) also had p inflexus within the pulmonary blood vessels. all the macroscopical ... | 2000 | 10901214 |
| molecular cloning and identification of bottle-nosed dolphin flavocytochrome b gp91(phox) and p22(phox) subunits. | the bottle-nosed dolphin (tursiops truncatus) gp91(phox) and p22(phox) cdna were cloned from mitogen stimulated leukocytes rna utilizing the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. the sequences of these cdnas showed that dolphin gp91(phox) and p22(phox) clones contained open reading frames encoding 569 and 192 amino acids, respectively. analysis of the gp91(phox) amino acids sequence showed three potential n-linked glycosylation sites. comparison of the deduced amino acid showed that d ... | 2000 | 10973692 |
| oxygen radical generation and expression of nadph oxidase genes in bottlenose dolphin (tursiops truncatus) neutrophils. | oxygen radical generation by stimulation with phorbol myristate acetate (pma) was evaluated in bottlenose dolphin neutrophils. a cypridina luciferin analog-dependent chemiluminescent assay demonstrated that dolphin neutrophils generate superoxide by the addition of pma, and that its superoxide-forming activity is completely suppressed by diphenylene iodonium, a specific inhibitor of nadph oxidase. these results indicate that dolphin neutrophils possess nadph oxidase activity. furthermore, the na ... | 2001 | 10980319 |
| molecular cloning and identification of bottle-nosed dolphin p40(phox), p47(phox) and p67(phox). | the bottle-nosed dolphin nadph oxidase cytosolic components, p40(phox), p47(phox) and p67(phox) cdna's were cloned from mitogen stimulated peripheral white blood cell mrna utilizing the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. the sequences of these cdnas showed that dolphin p40(phox), p47(phox) and p67(phox) clones contained open reading frames encoding predicted polypeptides of 339, 391 and 526 amino acids, respectively. analysis of the p47(phox) and p67(phox) amino acid sequences show ... | 2001 | 11182145 |
| molecular cloning and functional expression of bottle-nosed dolphin (tursiops truncatus) interleukin-1 receptor antagonist. | the bottle-nosed dolphin (tursiops truncatus) interleukin-1 receptor antagonist il-1ra cdna was cloned from mitogen-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) rna utilizing the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr). the sequence of this cdna showed that dolphin il-1ra clones contained open reading frames encoding 177 amino acids. comparison of the deduced amino acids showed that dolphin il-1ra sequence shared 87.6, 77.9, 77.4, 77.4, 76.4, and 75.8% similarity with th ... | 2001 | 11182153 |
| morbillivirus infection in a bottlenosed dolphin and a mediterranean monk seal from the atlantic coast of west africa. | | 2001 | 11266000 |
| comprehension of signs by dolphins (tursiops truncatus). | the authors assessed the ability of 6 captive dolphins (tursiops truncatus) to comprehend without explicit training 3 human communicative signs (pointing, directed gaze, and replica). pointing consisted of indicating the target item with the index finger and a fully extended arm. directed gaze consisted of orienting the head and eyes toward the target item while the rest of the body remained stationary. the replica signal consisted of holding up an exact duplicate of the target item. on the init ... | 2001 | 11334212 |
| genotoxic hazard of pollutants in cetaceans: dna damage and repair evaluated in the bottlenose dolphin (tursiops truncatus) by the comet assay. | single cell gel electrophoresis (or comet assay) was used for evaluation of the in vitro genotoxicity of hydrogen peroxide (used as a positive control), polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) (aroclor 1254) and methyl mercury chloride, in isolated bottlenose dolphin leukocytes. results showed that hydrogen peroxide and methyl mercury induced dna strand breakage in a dose-dependent manner, while pcbs did not induce a clear dose-effect response at the low doses investigated. efficiency in repairing dna ... | 2001 | 11381754 |
| an insight into the epidemiology of dolphin morbillivirus worldwide. | serum samples from 288 cetaceans representing 25 species and originating from 11 different countries were collected between 1995 and 1999 and examined for the presence of dolphin morbillivirus (dmv)-specific antibodies by an indirect elisa (ielisa) (n = 267) or a plaque reduction assay (n = 21). a total of 35 odontocetes were seropositive: three harbour porpoises (phocoena phocoena) and a common dolphin (delphinus delphis) from the northeastern (ne) atlantic, a bottlenose dolphin (tursiops trunc ... | 2001 | 11390111 |
| serological evidence of brucella species infection in odontocetes from the south pacific and the mediterranean. | sera from 58 odontocetes taken in fisheries off peru in 1993 to 1995 and from 24 cetaceans stranded along the spanish coast of the mediterranean in 1997 to 1999 were tested for the presence of brucella species antibodies in competitive and indirect elisas (celisa and ielisa). among the animals from peru, 21 of 27 (77.8 per cent) lagenorhynchus obscurus, three of six delphinus capensis, one of two inshore and two of three offshore tursiops truncatus and five of 20 (25 per cent) phocoena spinipinn ... | 2001 | 11400986 |
| opportunities for using navy marine mammals to explore associations between organochlorine contaminants and unfavorable effects on reproduction. | the department of defense (dod) has a unique marine mammal program maintained by the us navy that includes the largest force of bottlenose dolphins, tursiops truncatus, worldwide. in recent years, this population of cetaceans that lives in netted open water enclosures in san diego bay has been monitored for levels of organochlorine (oc) contaminants in blubber, blood and milk. data generated from these studies have afforded insight into the fate and possible effects of oc contaminants in marine ... | 2001 | 11453294 |
| molecular cloning and functional characterization of bottlenose dolphin (tursiops truncatus) tumor necrosis factor alpha. | bottlenose dolphin tumor necrosis factor alpha (dotnf-alpha) cdna was cloned by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) and the nucleic and deduced amino acid sequences were determined. the sequence of the cdna clones shows that dotnf-alpha has an open reading frame of 699bp encoding 233 amino acids. the nucleic acid sequence of dotnf-alpha indicates 90, 88, 87, and 79% similarity with the cattle, pig, human, and mouse tnf-alpha gene, respectively. based on the analysis of human ... | 2001 | 11587733 |
| serum lipid peroxide and alpha-tocopherol concentrations and superoxide dismutase activity in captive bottle-nosed dolphins. | to evaluate serum lipid peroxide (lpo) and alpha-tocopherol concentrations and superoxide dismutase (sod) activity in captive bottle-nosed dolphins and to evaluate effects of storage on production of lpo in various marine fish. | 2001 | 11763187 |