| pathology of morbillivirus infection in striped dolphins (stenella coeruleoalba) from valencia and murcia, spain. | during the summer and fall of 1990 hundreds of striped dolphins (stenella coeruleoalba) died in the spanish mediterranean as a result of morbillivirus infection. a pathological investigation was carried out on dolphins from valencia and murcia which were among the first to die in the epizootic. the dolphins were in poor body condition and pneumonia was the main necropsy finding. microscopic lung lesions characterized by necrosis of bronchial and bronchiolar epithelium and infiltration of alveoli ... | 1992 | 1423061 |
| morbillivirus infection in a striped dolphin (stenella coeruleoalba) from the coast of italy. | | 1992 | 1496772 |
| pathologic and immunocytochemical studies of morbillivirus infection in striped dolphins (stenella coeruleoalba). | hundreds of striped dolphins (stenella coeruleoalba) died along the spanish mediterranean coast during the second half of 1990. we necropsied 58 dolphins. partial collapse of the lungs with patchy atelectasis, subcutaneous edema, icterus, and stomatitis were the most prominent gross morphologic changes. histologically, a bronchiolo-interstitial pneumonia was the most frequent lesion (72% of the animals). it was characterized by hyperplasia of alveolar epithelial type ii cells and formation of mu ... | 1992 | 1557861 |
| heavy metals and selenium in stranded dolphins of the northern tyrrhenian (nw mediterranean). | heavy metal (hg, cd, pb and zn) and selenium levels were determined in striped (stenella coeruleoalba) and bottle-nosed dolphins (tursiops truncatus) stranded along the coast of tuscany and latium, italy in the period 1987-1989. lead and zinc concentrations were quite low and there was modest accumulation of cadmium in the kidney of both species. mercury levels were very high, especially in the liver where they reached peaks of 4400 ppm (dry weight) in the striped dolphin and 13,150 ppm (dry wei ... | 1992 | 1631534 |
| nasitrema sp.-associated encephalitis in a striped dolphin (stenella coeruleoalba) stranded in the gulf of mexico. | an immature female striped dolphin (stenella coeruleoalba) found dead on a northwestern florida beach in 1988 exhibited severe inflammation bilaterally in the dorsal and mid-thalamus in association with adult trematodes (nasitrema sp.) and trematode eggs. numerous specimens of nasitrema sp. also were present in the pterygoid sinuses. pneumonia in association with a heavy growth of vibrio damsela was observed also. this report confirms the occurrence of nasitrema sp.-associated encephalitis in st ... | 1991 | 1758040 |
| morbillivirus infection in mediterranean striped dolphins (stenella coeruleoalba). | | 1991 | 1763470 |
| comparative study of mercury accumulation in dolphins (stenella coeruleoalba) from french atlantic and mediterranean coasts. | total mercury concentrations (hgt) have been determined in liver, kidneys, skeletal muscle, melon, stomach and intestine of 35 specimens of stenella coeruleoalba stranded on french atlantic and mediterranean coasts. very high mercury levels, with concentrations reaching 80 mg hgt kg(-1) fresh weight (fw) in muscle and about 1500 mg hgt kg(-1) fw in liver tissue, were observed. liver has the highest concentration, followed by muscle and kidney. the lowest concentrations were found in the melon. t ... | 1991 | 1891708 |
| nematode damage to brain of striped dolphin, lagenorhynchus obliquidens. | | 1970 | 5470357 |
| histological, histochemical and ultrastructural features of hyaline inclusions in hepatocytes of striped dolphins (stenella coeruleoalba). | many striped dolphins (stenella coeruleoalba) which died in the recent morbillivirus epizootic in the mediterranean sea had hyaline inclusions in hepatocytes. we investigated the histological, histochemical and ultrastructural features of these inclusions in two affected dolphins. histochemical tests indicated that they contained glycoprotein but not lipid. ultrastructurally, they consisted of granular, moderately electron-dense material, bounded by a membrane. a central or eccentric core of hig ... | 1993 | 7504003 |
| post mortem investigations on cetaceans found stranded on the coasts of italy between 1990 and 1993. | detailed pathological and virological examinations were carried out on 25 cetaceans found stranded between 1990 and 1993 on the coasts of six italian regions (latium, tuscany, apulia, abruzzo, veneto and sicily). there were 16 striped dolphins (stenella coeruleoalba), three bottlenosed dolphins (tursiops truncatus), three risso's dolphins (grampus griseus), one rough-toothed dolphin (steno bredanensis), one fin whale pup (balaenoptera physalus), and one minke whale (balaenoptera acutorostrata). ... | 1995 | 7631479 |
| [re-description of syncyamus aequus, lincoln and hurley, 1981 (amphipoda: cyamidae), and ectoparasite of stenella coeruleoalba (meyen, 1883) and first discovery in italian waters]. | syncyamus aequus lincoln & hurley, 1981, an amphipod parasite reported for the first time in south african waters, is re-examined in order to clarify the taxonomic value of some morphological characters not described in detail in the original description and in the following records (raga, 1988; sedlak-weinstein, 1991). three females (two ovigerous) and six males were collected from two specimens of stenella coeruleoalba (meyen, 1833) stranded along the central thyrrenian coasts in 1988 and 1993 ... | 1994 | 7638003 |
| abnormally high polychlorinated biphenyl levels in striped dolphins (stenella coeruleoalba) affected by the 1990-1992 mediterranean epizootic. | pcb concentrations and total lipid content were determined in the blubber and liver of striped dolphins affected by the 1990 morbillivirus epizootic in the mediterranean sea, and in the blubber of striped dolphins from the same area sampled with a biopsy dart in 1987-1989 and 1991. pcb levels were found to be significantly higher in the individuals that succumbed to the epizootic than in the 'healthy' population sampled before or after the event. although recent mobilization of lipid reserves wa ... | 1994 | 7973610 |
| calcium-binding protein-containing neuronal populations in mammalian visual cortex: a comparative study in whales, insectivores, bats, rodents, and primates. | this study is focused on comparative analysis of gamma-aminobutyric acid-positive (gabaergic) neuronal populations in primary visual cortex of totally aquatic toothed whales and select terrestrial mammals with different evolutionary histories and various ecological adaptations. the distribution of neuronal populations containing the calcium-binding proteins calbindin and parvalbumin, which are recognized markers for the gabaergic neurons in cerebral cortex, is compared in five species of toothed ... | 1993 | 8324371 |
| isomer-specific analysis and toxic evaluation of polychlorinated biphenyls in striped dolphins affected by an epizootic in the western mediterranean sea. | isomer-specific concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) including planar, mono- and di-ortho congeners and concentrations of ddt were determined in striped dolphins affected by a morbillivirus epizootic in the western mediterranean in 1990. extremely high concentrations of pcbs ranging from 94 to 670 micrograms/g (wet wt) were detected in the blubber. similarly, ddt concentrations were high, between 22 and 230 micrograms/g (wet wt). the concentrations of three non-ortho coplanar pcbs ... | 1993 | 8368865 |
| characterization of morbilliviruses isolated from dolphins and porpoises in europe. | a previously unidentified morbillivirus was isolated from two harbour porpoises (phocoena phocoena) that had died in the dutch waddensea (north sea) in 1990. this porpoise morbillivirus (pmv) and a dolphin morbillivirus (dmv), which had recently caused a heavy mortality in mediterranean striped dolphins (stenella coeruleoalba), were compared antigenically with other members of the genus morbillivirus, including the newly recognized phocine distemper virus type 1. dmv and pmv proved to be similar ... | 1993 | 8468554 |
| dolphin morbillivirus infection in different parts of the mediterranean sea. | morbillivirus were isolated from mediterranean striped dolphins (stenella coeruleoalba) dying along the coasts of italy and greece in 1991. they were antigenically identical to the morbilliviruses isolated from striped dolphins in spain in 1990. | 1993 | 8470952 |
| prevalence of morbilliviruses among pinniped and cetacean species. | since 1987, morbillivirus infections have caused serious disease outbreaks with high mortality among aquatic mammals. baikal seals (phoca sibirica) in siberia were involved in an outbreak caused by a virus closely related to canine distemper virus (cdv) in 1987. harbour seals (phoca vitulina) and grey seals (halichoerus grypus) in north-western europe were struck by a newly recognised morbillivirus of seals (pdv1). a serological survey has indicated that these morbillivirus infections frequently ... | 1993 | 8518442 |
| morbilliviruses and morbillivirus diseases of marine mammals. | in recent years, serious disease outbreaks among seals and dolphins were attributed to infection with established or newly recognized morbilliviruses. the first identification of a morbillivirus as causative agent of mass mortality among marine mammals was in 1988, when the previously unrecognized phocine distemper virus (pdv) caused the death of 20,000 harbor seals (phoca vitulina) in northwestern europe. a similar epizootic among baikal seals (phoca sibirica) in siberia in 1987 was later attri ... | 1995 | 8548190 |
| organochlorine residues in tissues of striped dolphins affected by the 1990 mediterranean epizootic: relationships with the fatty acid composition. | a simple and rapid method was developed for the simultaneous determination of fatty acids, organochlorine pesticides, and polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb) congeners in the same sample in order to explore possible connections between levels of contaminants and fatty acid composition. the method was applied to samples of melon, cerebrum, cerebellum, lung, liver, kidneys, and skeletal muscle obtained from 5 male and 5 female striped dolphins (stenella coeruleoalba) found stranded in 1990 in the north ... | 1996 | 8579385 |
| morbillivirus infections of aquatic mammals: newly identified members of the genus. | several disease outbreaks, which have caused the deaths of many thousands of seals and dolphins during the last decade, have now been attributed to infections with newly identified morbilliviruses. outbreaks in the late eighties amongst harbour seals (phoca vitulina) and grey seals (halichoerus grypus) in northwestern europe and amongst baikal seals (phoca sibirica) in siberia were caused by the newly discovered phocine distemper virus and by a strain of canine distemper virus, respectively. alt ... | 1995 | 8588316 |
| evidence for chronic morbillivirus infection in the mediterranean striped dolphin (stenella coeruleoalba). | in the summer of 1990 an epizootic infection caused by a morbillivirus (dmv) killed several thousand striped dolphins (stenella coeruleoalba) in the mediterranean sea. in 1991 and 1992 the epizootic reached italian and greek waters. the infection by dmv in the acute period of the epizootic caused encephalitis, pneumonia and depletion of lymph nodes. after 1990, the systemic infection apparently disappeared from the catalonian coast, giving way to cases of chronic infection of the cns. dolphins t ... | 1995 | 8588317 |
| evaluation of toxicity and sex-related variation of pcb levels in mediterranean striped dolphins affected by an epizootic. | individual pcb congener concentrations, including non-ortho chloro substituted, were determined in 30 striped dolphins (stenella coeruleoalba) affected by the 1990-92 mediterranean epizootic to investigate their toxic potential. pcb congener concentrations in these dolphins were among the highest ever found in comparable studies on marine mammals. concentrations in males and females were significantly different because of pollutant transfer to offspring by females. thus, pcb concentrations and 2 ... | 1996 | 8653381 |
| isolation of brucella species from cetaceans, seals and an otter. | brucella organisms which differed from the recognised species of the genus, were isolated from nine seals, eight cetaceans and one otter. a method is described for the isolation of brucella species from sea mammals and the first isolations of brucella species are recorded from an atlantic white-sided dolphin (lagenorhynchus acutus), two striped dolphins (stenella coeuleoalba), a hooded seal (cystophora cristata), a grey seal (halichoerus grypus) and a european otter (lutra lutra). there were dif ... | 1996 | 8799984 |
| [viruses of whales and dolphins]. | dna- and rna-genome viruses of whales and dolphins belong to families poxviridae, herpesviridae, adenoviridae, orthomyxoviridae, paramyxoviridae, togaviridae, picornaviridae. virological, serological and pathomorphological signs of infection have been registered in odontoceti (bottle-nosed dolphin, atlantic white-sided dolphin, striped dolphin, harbona porpoise, white-beaked dolphin, common dolphin, sperm whale, pilot whale, white whale) and musticeti (sei whale, fin whale, gray whale, and bowhe ... | 1996 | 9044706 |
| [parasitic metazoans of stenella coeruleoalba (cetacea: delphinidae) stranded along the coast of latium, 1985-1991]. | the striped dolphin represents the most common species of cetacean stranded along the italian coasts. a parasitological survey on 17 specimens of stenella coerulecaiba stranded along coasts of latium from 1985 to 1991, has been carried out. the morphological study enabled the identification of the following parasites. the sites are reported in brackets. digenea: campula rochebruni (liver), campula palliata (liver), pholeter gastrophilus (pyloric stomach). cestoda: tetrabothrium forsteri (intesti ... | 1996 | 9333750 |
| antibodies to brucella in marine mammals around the coast of england and wales. | following the isolation of previously unrecognised species of brucella from stranded seals and cetaceans in scotland and northern england, a serological survey was carried out to investigate the range of marine mammal species which may have been exposed to brucella species around the coasts of england and wales, the prevalence of infection and the temporal and geographical distribution of seropositive animals. serum collected from 153 stranded marine mammals from the coasts of england and wales ... | 1997 | 9416675 |
| macroparasites in cetaceans stranded on the northwestern spanish atlantic coast. | an extensive parasitological survey was carried out during autopsy of 80 cetaceans representing 8 species within 4 families (delphinus delphis, stenella coeruleoalba, tursiops truncatus, grampus griseus, globicephala melas, kogia breviceps, phocoena phocoena and megaptera novaeangliae) collected on the northwestern spanish atlantic coast from february 1991 to october 1996. two species of tetraphyllidean cestodes (phyllobothrium delphini and monorygma grimaldii), 2 ascaridoid nematodes (anisakis ... | 1998 | 9676247 |
| heavy metals in dolphins stranded on the french atlantic coast. | heavy metal concentrations (total and organic hg, ti, cr, cu, zn, cd and pb) were determined in the muscle, liver and kidney of 36 dolphins stranded on the french atlantic coast between 1977 and 1990: 29 common dolphins delphinus delphis, five bottlenose dolphins tursiops truncatus and two striped dolphins stenella coeruleoalba. total hg concentration in the liver increased with age, while relative methylmercury concentration decreased, reflecting the existence of a slow demethylation process. t ... | 1998 | 9703697 |
| dolphin morbilliviral infection from the mediterranean sea did not spread into the adriatic sea. | in july of 1990, a mass mortality of striped dolphins due to morbillivirus infection had begun in the western mediterranean. by 1992, the infection had spread to the eastern mediterranean and the aegean sea. other dolphin species in the mediterranean were not found to have died due to this infection, although it is possible for many species of marine mammals to be infected. in 1994, it was published that morbillivirus infection had caused atlantic bottlenose dolphin mortality in the usa. althoug ... | 1998 | 9704517 |
| luteinized ovarian cysts in mediterranean striped dolphins. | the morbillivirus epizootic during 1990 to 1992 in mediterranean striped dolphins (stenella coeruleoalba) off the mediterranean coast of spain diminished these populations directly through mortalities, and indirectly through loss of normal fecundity. high levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (pcb's) also were detected in stranded animals. in addition to high numbers of abortions during the epidemic, unusual cystic structures were noted in the ovaries of several morbillivirus-infected dolphins wit ... | 1998 | 9706582 |
| the impact of parasites on marine mammals: a review. | the design and implementation of conservation plans for marine mammals is a matter of public concern. however, very little is known about the role of parasites in the dynamics of marine mammal populations. this is probably due to methodological constraints concerning sampling biases, poor knowledge of the biology of the hosts and parasites and difficulty and costy of experimental studies. however, current evidence supports the theory that parasites may regulate marine mammal populations. crassic ... | 1997 | 9802082 |
| morbillivirus infections in aquatic mammals. | morbillivirus infections which were not documented in aquatic mammals until 1988, have caused at least five epizootics in these species during the last 10 years. affected populations include european harbour seals (phoca vitulina) and grey seals (halichoerus grypus) in 1998, baikal seals (phoca siberica) in siberia from 1987-1988, striped dolphins (stenella coeruleoalba) in the mediterranean sea from 1990-1992 and bottlenose dolphins (tursiops truncatus) along the eastern coast of the united sta ... | 1998 | 9807724 |
| comparison of total mercury, methylmercury, and selenium in muscle tissues and in the liver of stenella coeruleoalba (meyen) and caretta caretta (linnaeus). | | 1998 | 9811961 |
| olfactory receptors in aquatic and terrestrial vertebrates. | in species representing different levels of vertebrate evolution, olfactory receptor genes have been identified by molecular cloning techniques. comparing the deduced amino-acid sequences revealed that the olfactory receptor gene family of rana esculenta resembles that of xenopus laevis, indicating that amphibians in general may comprise two classes of olfactory receptors. whereas teleost fish, including the goldfish carassius auratus, possess only class i receptors, the 'living fossil' latimeri ... | 1998 | 9839455 |
| non-purulent meningoencephalomyelitis of a pacific striped dolphin (lagenorhynchus obliquidens). the first evidence of morbillivirus infection in a dolphin at the pacific ocean around japan. | on march 22, 1998, a mature, male, hyposthenic pacific striped dolphin (lagenorhynchus obliquidens) was stranded at aoshima beach in miyazaki prefecture, japan. a necropsy performed 14 hr after death revealed mild diffuse congestion and edema of the leptomeninges and mild pulmonary atelectasis. histopathologically, non-purulent inflammatory were observed throughout the cerebrum, thalamus, midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata, and spinal cord. hematoxylin and eosin stain revealed no viral inclusion ... | 1999 | 10081755 |
| nondestructive biomarkers of exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals in endangered species of wildlife. | this paper explores the problem of endocrine disrupting chemicals (edcs) from the ecotoxicological point of view, focusing on nondestructive biomarkers of exposure to edcs for risk assessment of endangered species of wildlife. several edcs, such as polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons and toxic metals, tend to be biomagnified in the terrestrial and particularly the marine food chains. top predators tend to accumulate high concentrations of these contaminants which places them in a situation of ... | 1999 | 10467722 |
| comparative study on the fatty acid composition of two marine vertebrates: striped dolphins and loggerhead turtles. | the fatty acid composition of total lipids extracted from seven different tissues (fat, liver, cerebrum, cerebellum, lung, kidney and muscle) of 10 striped dolphins (stenella coeruleoalba) (weight 75.7 +/- 16.2 kg) found dead or moribund during a morbillivirus epizootic, and from two tissues (fat and liver) of 54 loggerhead turtles (caretta caretta) (18.5 +/- 10.5 kg) seized dead after illegal capture, both from the mediterranean sea, have been determined by high resolution chromatography techni ... | 1999 | 10665372 |
| histopathological and immunohistochemical studies on cetaceans found stranded on the coast of italy between 1990 and 1997. | detailed histopathological and immunohistochemical studies were carried out on 24 cetaceans, 17 of which were striped dolphins (stenella coeruleoalba), four bottlenose dolphins (tursiops truncatus) and three risso's dolphins (grampus griseus), all found stranded on the italian coast between 1990 and 1997. the most frequently detected lesions were chronic pneumonia (73.7% of the examined lungs), focal chronic pancreatitis (71.4%), non-purulent encephalitis (50%), chronic hepatitis (42.1%), and ch ... | 2000 | 10842462 |
| isomer-specific accumulation and toxic assessment of polychlorinated biphenyls, including coplanar congeners, in cetaceans from the north pacific and asian coastal waters. | to elucidate the global distribution and toxicological impacts of polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) on cetaceans, the present study determined the concentrations of individual pcb congeners, including toxic non-ortho (iupac nos. 77, 126, 169) and mono-ortho (iupac nos. 105, 118, 156) coplanar congeners, in the blubber of 10 species of adult male odontocetes collected from several locations in the north pacific ocean and along coastal waters of japan, hong kong, the philippines, and india during 1 ... | 2000 | 10948292 |
| bioaccumulation of polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) and dichlorodiphenylethane (dde) methyl sulfones in tissues of seal and dolphin morbillivirus epizootic victims. | polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb) and dichlorodiphenylethane (dde) methyl sulfone (msf) metabolites possess high affinities for binding two homologous 16,000 da homodimeric receptor proteins in the lung (clara cell secretory protein, ccsp) and the uterus (uteroglobin, ug), leading to selective bioaccumulation of msfs in these tissues. as marine mammals are highly exposed to organochlorines, concentrations of pcbs, pcb msfs, ddt, and dde msf were analyzed in blubber, lung, and uterus samples from ha ... | 2001 | 11205532 |
| an insight into the epidemiology of dolphin morbillivirus worldwide. | serum samples from 288 cetaceans representing 25 species and originating from 11 different countries were collected between 1995 and 1999 and examined for the presence of dolphin morbillivirus (dmv)-specific antibodies by an indirect elisa (ielisa) (n = 267) or a plaque reduction assay (n = 21). a total of 35 odontocetes were seropositive: three harbour porpoises (phocoena phocoena) and a common dolphin (delphinus delphis) from the northeastern (ne) atlantic, a bottlenose dolphin (tursiops trunc ... | 2001 | 11390111 |
| serological evidence of brucella species infection in odontocetes from the south pacific and the mediterranean. | sera from 58 odontocetes taken in fisheries off peru in 1993 to 1995 and from 24 cetaceans stranded along the spanish coast of the mediterranean in 1997 to 1999 were tested for the presence of brucella species antibodies in competitive and indirect elisas (celisa and ielisa). among the animals from peru, 21 of 27 (77.8 per cent) lagenorhynchus obscurus, three of six delphinus capensis, one of two inshore and two of three offshore tursiops truncatus and five of 20 (25 per cent) phocoena spinipinn ... | 2001 | 11400986 |
| tissue distribution of metals in striped dolphins (stenella coeruleoalba) from the apulian coasts, southern italy. | tissue distributions of metals (mercury, lead, cadmium, zinc, copper, iron, manganese) were determined in six specimens of striped dolphins (stenella coeruleoalba, meyen) stranded on the apulian coasts (southern italy) between february and june 1987. methyl mercury and selenium were also determined in the liver samples. the liver accumulated the highest concentrations of metals, except for cadmium and chromium. metal levels were higher than those found in dolphins living in the atlantic, but low ... | 2000 | 11444014 |
| identification of cytochrome p450 1b-like sequences in two teleost fish species (scup, stenotomus chrysops and plaice, pleuronectes platessa) and in a cetacean (striped dolphin, stenella coeruleoalba). | the cytochromes p450 (cyp) constitute a multigene family of enzymes playing a critical role in the oxidation of many endogenous and xenobiotic substrates. the cyp1 family is of particular interest in environmental toxicology because its members are dominant in the metabolism of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs), polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) and aryl amines. three members of the cyp1 family, cyp1a1, cyp1a2, and cyp1b1, have been identified in mammals. we report here on the identificatio ... | 2000 | 11460754 |
| are the mediterraneantop predators exposed to toxicological risk due to endocrine disrupters? | man-made endocrine disrupting chemicals (edcs) range across all continents and oceans; some geographic areas are potentially more threatened than others: one of these is the mediterranean sea. this basin has limited exchange of water with the atlantic ocean and is surrounded by some of the most heavily populated and industrialized countries in the world. accordingly, levels of some xenobiotics are much higher here than in other seas and oceans. in this research the unexplored hypothesis that med ... | 2001 | 11795396 |
| chronic meningoencephalitis associated with brucella sp. infection in live-stranded striped dolphins (stenella coeruleoalba). | a chronic, non-suppurative meningoencephalitis was found in three young striped dolphins (stenella coeruleoalba) during routine neuropathological examination of marine mammals live-stranded on the scottish coast. in all three dolphins the lesions were associated with the isolation of a brucella sp. from the brain and with the immunohistochemical detection of brucella antigen. moreover, antibodies to brucella spp. were detected in the two dolphins that were subjected to serological examination. i ... | 2002 | 11945003 |
| hepatic sarcocystosis in a striped dolphin (stenella coeruleoalba) from the spanish mediterranean coast. | fatal hepatic sarcocystosis was diagnosed in a striped dolphin (stenella coeruleoalba) from the northeastern spanish mediterranean coast based on pathologic findings and the microscopic and ultrastructural characteristics of the intralesional parasite. main gross lesions were icterus, subcutaneous hemorrhages, and hepatic congestion. the most prominent microscopic lesions consisted of severe acute multifocal to coalescing necrotizing hepatitis with cholestasis and intralesional protozoa. there w ... | 2002 | 12053971 |
| lipopolysaccharide heterogeneity in brucella strains isolated from marine mammals. | smooth lipopolysaccharides (s-lpss) from brucella strains isolated from seals, dolphins, porpoises, an otter and a minke whale were characterized by elisa using monoclonal antibodies (mabs) directed against seven previously defined o-polysaccharide (o-ps) epitopes and by western blot after sds-page. all strains studied were a-dominant as shown by specific polyclonal sera and this was also confirmed by the mabs. however, binding patterns in elisa of mabs to the specific common (c) epitopes were r ... | 2002 | 12160318 |
| human health significance of organochlorine and mercury contaminants in japanese whale meat. | the concentrations of total mercury, polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs), and organochlorine pesticides (sigmaddt, dieldrin, hexachlorobenzene [hcb], and sigmahch) were determined in 61 whale meat products (bacon, blubber, red meat, liver, intestine, and tongue) purchased from retail outlets across japan. mean (range) concentrations of contaminants in all samples were: total mercury 4.17 (0.01-204); sigmapcb 1.14 (0-8.94); sigmaddt 0.98 (0-7.46); dieldrin 0.07 (0-0.35); hcb 0.06 (0-0.22); and sigma ... | 2002 | 12167206 |
| perfluorooctanesulfonate and related fluorinated hydrocarbons in marine mammals, fishes, and birds from coasts of the baltic and the mediterranean seas. | perfluorooctanesulfonate (pfos; c8f17so3-), perfluorooctanesulfonamide (fosa; c8f17so2nh2), perfluorohexanesulfonate (pfhxs; c6f13so3-), and perfluorooctanoate (pfoa; c7f15co2-) were detected in 175 samples of liver and blood of bluefin tuna (thunnus thynnus), swordfish (xiphias gladius), common cormorants (phalacrocorax carbo), bottlenose dolphins (tursiops truncatus), striped dolphins (stenella coeruleoalba), common dolphins (delphinus delphi), fin whales (balenoptera physalus), and long-finne ... | 2002 | 12188342 |
| trace elements in organs and tissues of striped dolphins (stenella coeruleoalba) from the mediterranean sea (southern italy). | the distribution of metals (cd, cu, zn, fe, cr, pb and sn) were investigated in various tissues and organs obtained from striped dolphins (stenella coeruleoalba) stranded along the apulian coasts (southern italy) during april-july 1991. metals were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. metal concentrations were generally high in the liver, and low in brain and melon. some metals showed organ-specific accumulations: copper, tin and zinc exhibited high concentrations in liver, the hig ... | 2002 | 12243333 |
| marine mammals from northeast atlantic: relationship between their trophic status as determined by delta13c and delta15n measurements and their trace metal concentrations. | the relationship between trophic position through delta13c and delta15n and trace metal concentrations (zn, cd, cu and hg) was investigated in the tissues of six marine mammal species from the northeast atlantic: striped dolphin stenella coeruleoalba, common dolphin, delphinus delphis, atlantic white-sided dolphin lagenorhynchus acutus, harbour porpoise phocoena phocoena, white beaked-dolphin lagenorhynchus albirostris, grey seal halichoerus grypus stranded on french channel and irish coasts. wh ... | 2003 | 12738219 |
| mercury contamination in the red meat of whales and dolphins marketed for human consumption in japan. | cetacean products sold for human consumption in japan originate from a wide range of whale, dolphin, and porpoise species caught off several areas of the japan coast, antarctic and north pacific oceans. we surveyed the total mercury (t-hg) levels in red meat, the most popular cetacean products in japan. we also analyzed the dna of these to obtain information regarding species. according to the genetic analysis, the red meats originating from nine species of odontocete and six species of mystecet ... | 2003 | 12854705 |
| cross-reactivity of human and bovine antibodies in striped dolphin paraffin wax-embedded tissues. | this study evaluates the cross-reactivity of seven anti-human and one anti-bovine antibodies in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue samples of liver and mesenteric lymph nodes of 13 striped dolphins (stenella coeruleoalba). four antibodies (cd3, igg, lysozyme and s100 protein) reacted with striped dolphin lymph nodes in a similar pattern to that observed in the species of origin. the anti-human mhc class ii mab reacted strongly with macrophages and dendritic-like cells of striped dolphins, ... | 2003 | 14522135 |
| perfluorinated chemicals infiltrate ocean waters: link between exposure levels and stable isotope ratios in marine mammals. | this is the first study to report on concentrations of perfluorinated organochemicals (focs) in marine mammals stranded along the southern north sea coast in relation to stable nitrogen and carbon isotope ratios (delta15n and delta13c). the presence of focs in top predators such as marine mammals would indicate a potential biomagnification of these compounds and their widespread occurrence. liver and kidney tissues of nine marine mammal species have been sampled. among all the measured focs comp ... | 2003 | 14717162 |
| hepatic lesions in cetaceans stranded in the canary islands. | this article describes the gross, histopathologic, and ultrastructural findings of the livers of cetaceans stranded on the coast of the canary islands between 1992 and 2000. a total of 135 cetaceans were included in the study, among which 25 were common dolphins (delphinus delphis), 23 atlantic spotted dolphins (stenella frontalis), 19 striped dolphins (stenella coeruleoalba), and 15 other species of dolphins and whales. the most common lesion observed in these animals was a nonspecific chronic ... | 2004 | 15017028 |
| organochlorine levels in subcutaneous blubber biopsies of fin whales (balaenoptera physalus) and striped dolphins (stenella coeruleoalba) from the mediterranean sea. | polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) and ddt compounds were determined in subcutaneous blubber of fin whales (balaenoptera physalus) and striped dolphins (stenella coeruleoalba) from the mediterranean sea. from 1990 to 1993, 68 fin whale and 89 dolphin blubber biopsies were analysed. the whales were sampled while passing through the ligurian sea, whereas the dolphins were collected in different areas of the mediterranean: the ligurian, tyrrhenian and ionian seas. total pcbs and ddts were 5.5-7.1 ppm ... | 1996 | 15091448 |
| seroprevalence of toxoplasma gondii antibodies in wild dolphins from the spanish mediterranean coast. | although toxoplasma gondii infection has been found occasionally in cetaceans, little is known of the prevalence of antibodies to t. gondii in wild dolphins. antibodies to t. gondii were determined in serum samples from 58 dolphins stranded in the spanish mediterranean coast. modified agglutination test was used to determine t. gondii antibodies, and a titer of 1:25 was considered indicative of t. gondii infection. antibodies to t. gondii were found in 4 of 36 striped dolphins (stenella coeruleo ... | 2004 | 15270114 |
| concentration and subcellular distribution of trace elements in liver of small cetaceans incidentally caught along the brazilian coast. | concentrations of trace elements (v, cr, mn, fe, co, cu, zn, ga, as, se, rb, sr, mo, ag, cd, sb, cs, ba, t-hg, org-hg, tl and pb) were determined in liver samples of estuarine dolphin (sotalia guianensis; n = 20), franciscana dolphin (pontoporia blainvillei; n = 23), atlantic spotted dolphin (stenella frontalis; n = 2), common dolphin (delphinus capensis; n = 1) and striped dolphin (stenella coeruleoalba; n = 1) incidentally caught along the coast of sao paulo state and parana state, brazil, fro ... | 2004 | 15476836 |
| structure and biomechanical properties of the trachea of the striped dolphin stenella coeruleoalba: evidence for evolutionary adaptations to diving. | this study analyzes the structure and mechanical properties of the trachea of the striped dolphin stenella coeruleoalba, one of the most common cetacean species. the cetacean trachea is made up of closed or semiclosed cartilaginous rings without a paries membranaceus. our results indicate that the inner lining of the trachea contains erectile tissue in which several venous lacunae permeate the mucosa. we also observed and described the presence of peripheral neurons containing nitric oxide along ... | 2005 | 15791584 |
| morphological and molecular characterization of tetraphyllidean merocercoids (platyhelminthes: cestoda) of striped dolphins (stenella coeruleoalba) from the western mediterranean. | two types of tetraphyllidean merocercoids, phyllobothrium delphini and monorygma grimaldii, are well known from most cetaceans world-wide. the role of cetaceans in the life-cycle of these merocercoids is unclear because their specific identity is as yet unknown. the problem is compounded by poor descriptions of both merocercoids. we used light and scanning electron microscopy, and histological techniques to provide a thorough description of merocercoids collected from 11 striped dolphins, stenel ... | 2005 | 15830821 |
| tetraphyllidean plerocercoids from western mediterranean cetaceans and other marine mammals around the world: a comprehensive morphological analysis. | tetraphyllidean plerocercoids have occasionally been reported in marine mammals, but they have rarely been described in detail, and the ecological significance of these infections is unclear. we described plerocercoids collected from the mucosa of the terminal colon and rectum, the anal crypts, and the hepatopancreatic ducts of 7 striped dolphins stenella coeruleoalba, 1 cuvier's beaked whale ziphius cavirostris, and 3 risso's dolphins grampus griseus from the spanish mediterranean. we also exam ... | 2005 | 15856877 |
| microtriches of tetraphyllidean metacestodes from western mediterranean striped dolphins (stenella coeruleoalba). | the tegumental structures of two types of tetraphyllidean plerocercoids and two types of merocercoids (phyllobothrium delphini and monorygma grimaldii) from mediterranean striped dolphins, stenella coeruleoalba, are described for the first time using scanning electron microscopy. the tegument of all of the specimens was fully covered with microtriches. four basic types were found: filitriches, blade-like spinitriches of different sizes and shapes, cone-shaped spinitriches (with two parallel smal ... | 2005 | 15959909 |
| total mercury, methyl mercury, and selenium levels in the red meat of small cetaceans sold for human consumption in japan. | we surveyed the total mercury (t-hg) and methyl mercury (m-hg) levels in red meat products (n = 160) from small cetacean species sold for human consumption in markets throughout japan from 2000 to 2003. genetic identification showed that the red meat products originated from nine species: false killer whale, bottlenose dolphin, short-finned pilot whale, striped dolphin, rough-toothed dolphin, risso's dolphin, pantropical spotted dolphin, baird's beaked whale, and dall's porpoise. t-hg and m-hg c ... | 2005 | 16124305 |
| accumulation and distribution of organochlorines (pcbs and ddts) in various organs of stenella coeruleoalba and a tursiops truncatus from mediterranean littoral environment (france). | the objective of the present study is to determine the levels of contamination by pcbs, ddt and its metabolites in dolphins failed on the coasts of the mediterranean sea. samples are represented by six stenella coeruleoalba and a tursiops truncatus collected in 2000 and 2003. the studies are achieved on the blubber, the heart, the liver, the kidney, the muscle and the lung. the concentrations of pcbs and ddt are very high in all tissues and organs analyzed. for the pcbs, the concentrations vary ... | 2005 | 16162318 |
| polybrominated diphenyl ethers and polychlorinated biphenyls in a marine foodweb of coastal florida. | nine species of marine fish, including teleost fishes, sharks, and stingrays, and two species of marine mammals (dolphins) collected from florida coastal waters were analyzed for polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbdes) and polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) to evaluate biomagnification factors (bmf) of these contaminants in a coastal foodweb. in addition, bottlenose dolphins and bull sharks collected from the florida coast during the 1990s and the 2000s were analyzed for evaluation of temporal tren ... | 2005 | 16294860 |
| identification, quantification, and synthesis of a novel dimethoxylated polybrominated biphenyl in marine mammals caught off the coast of japan. | bioaccumulation of persistent organic compounds can eventually lead to concentrations in wildlife and humans that are deleterious to health. the present paper documents the identification, quantification, and synthesis of a novel compound, 2,2'-dimethoxy-3,3',5,5'-tetrabromobiphenyl (2,2'-dimeo-bb80), present in the marine mammals striped dolphin (stenella coeruleoalba), bottlenose dolphin (tursiops truncatus), minke whale (balaenoptera acutorostrata), and baird's beaked whale (berardius bairdii ... | 2005 | 16323763 |
| genetic identification of novel poxviruses of cetaceans and pinnipeds. | novel poxviruses were identified in skin lesions of several species of cetaceans and pinnipeds using polymerase chain reaction targeting dna polymerase and dna topoisomerase i genes of members of the subfamily chordopoxvirinae. with the exception of parapoxviruses, no molecular data of marine mammal poxviruses were available to infer genetic and evolutionary relatedness to terrestrial vertebrate poxviruses. viruses were assigned to a cetacean poxvirus 1 (cpv-1) group based on nucleotide and amin ... | 2006 | 16328132 |
| changes in epizoic crustacean infestations during cetacean die-offs: the mass mortality of mediterranean striped dolphins stenella coeruleoalba revisited. | in the summer and autumn of 1990, a cetacean morbillivirus caused a massive epizootic mortality of striped dolphins stenella coeruleoalba in the western mediterranean. previous circumstantial evidence suggested that the disease could also have increased host susceptibility to infestations with epizoic crustaceans. in this study we provide strong evidence supporting this hypothesis. we examined striped dolphins stranded along the mediterranean central coast of spain from 1981 to 2004 (n = 136), a ... | 2005 | 16408840 |
| differences in the response of a striped dolphin (stenella coeruleoalba) and a harbour porpoise (phocoena phocoena) to an acoustic alarm. | small cetacean bycatch in gillnet fisheries may be reduced by deterring odontocetes from nets acoustically. however, different odontocete species may respond differently to acoustic signals from alarms. therefore, in this study a striped dolphin and a harbour porpoise were subjected simultaneously to sounds produced by the xp-10 experimental acoustic alarm. the alarm produced 0.3s tonal signals randomly selected from a set of 16 with fundamental frequencies between 9 and 15khz, with a constant p ... | 2006 | 16439011 |
| isolation of brucella species from a live-stranded striped dolphin (stenella coeruleoalba) in spain. | | 2006 | 16581998 |
| lead contamination of small cetaceans in european waters--the use of stable isotopes for identifying the sources of lead exposure. | lead concentrations and isotopic composition have been measured in bone and teeth of small cetaceans belonging to three species (delphinus delphis, phocoena phocoena and stenella coeruleoalba), to evaluate the toxicological risk and to determine sources of lead in the european waters. lead concentrations, far lower than threshold value inducing toxic effects in human, were higher in teeth than in bones, but highly correlated between the two tissues (r=0.92, p<0.001). large variations of 206pb/20 ... | 2006 | 16684562 |
| endocrine disruptors in mediterranean top marine predators. | man-made endocrine disruptors (eds) range across all continents and oceans. some geographic areas are potentially more threatened than others: one of these is the mediterranean sea. levels of some xenobiotics are much higher here than in other seas and oceans. in this paper we review the final results of a project in which the hypothesis that mediterranean top predator species (such as large pelagic fish and marine mammals) are potentially at risk due to eds was investigated. | 2006 | 16758711 |
| potential toxicological hazard due to endocrine-disrupting chemicals on mediterranean top predators: state of art, gender differences and methodological tools. | man-made endocrine-disrupting chemicals (edcs) range across all continents and oceans. some geographic areas are potentially more threatened than others: one of these is the mediterranean sea. levels of some xenobiotics are much higher here than in other seas and oceans. in this paper we review the final results of a project supported by the italian ministry of the environment, in which the hypothesis that mediterranean top predator species (such as large pelagic fish and marine mammals) are pot ... | 2007 | 16996053 |
| pathological and immunohistochemical study of gastrointestinal lesions in dolphins stranded in the canary islands. | this paper describes the gross, histopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics of gastrointestinal lesions and regional lymph nodes of six common dolphins (delphinus delphis), 11 striped dolphins (stenella coeruleoalba) and six atlantic spotted dolphins (stenella frontalis) found stranded along the coasts of the canary islands. the most common lesion was chronic granulomatous gastritis of the glandular stomach, associated with the parasite pholeter gastrophilus, and characterised by t ... | 2006 | 16997997 |
| isolation of clostridium tertium from a striped dolphin (stenella coeruleoalba) in the adriatic sea. | bacteriologic examination of an abscess found between blubber and musculature of a striped dolphin (stenella coeruleoalba) found dead on 30 march 2002 in the adriatic sea, croatia, was performed and an aerotolerant, nontoxogenic clostridium tertium was isolated in pure culture. national collections of industrial food and marine bacteria (ncimb ltd., aberdeen, scotland, uk) confirmed the results. sequencing results showed it to be c. tertium with 100% similarity. the strain was named clostridium ... | 2006 | 17092908 |
| occurrence of hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls in the brain of cetaceans stranded along the japanese coast. | levels of hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls (oh-pcbs) and pcbs were measured in the brain of melon-headed whales (mw: peponocephala electra), striped dolphins (sd: stenella coeruleoalba) and finless porpoises (fp: neophocaena phocaenoides) stranded along the japanese coast during 2002-2003. levels of oh-pcbs (including identified and unknown oh-p(5)cb, -h(6)cb, -h(7)cb and o(8)cb congeners) in the brain of mw, sd and fp were in the range of 20-290, 21-330 and 170-240pg/g wet wt., respective ... | 2007 | 17445835 |
| isolation and genetic characterization of toxoplasma gondii from striped dolphin (stenella coeruleoalba) from costa rica. | toxoplasma gondii infection in marine mammals is of interest because of mortality and mode of transmission. it has been suggested that marine mammals become infected with t. gondii oocysts washed from land to the sea. we report the isolation and genetic characterization of viable t. gondii from a striped dolphin (stenella coeruleoalba), the first time from this host. an adult female dolphin was found stranded on the pacific coast of costa rica, and the animal died the next day. the dolphin had a ... | 2007 | 17626370 |
| rhabdomyolysis and myoglobinuric nephrosis (capture myopathy) in a striped dolphin. | this report describes delayed myoglobinuric capture myopathy in a striped dolphin (stenella coeruleoalba) found stranded alive on the coast of fuerteventura (canary islands, spain). the animal was transported to gran canaria where it died 48 hr after stranding. the main lesions consisted of acute rhabdomyolysis affecting both cardiac and skeletal muscles, and myoglobinuric nephrosis. using immunohistochemistry, degenerate myofibers with depletion of myoglobin, and an intracytoplasmatic immunorea ... | 2007 | 17984278 |
| dolphin morbillivirus epizootic resurgence, mediterranean sea. | in july 2007, > 100 striped dolphins, stenella coeruleoalba, were found dead along the coast of the spanish mediterranean. of 10 dolphins tested, 7 were positive for a virus strain closely related to the dolphin morbillivirus that was isolated during a previous epizootic in 1990. | 2008 | 18325265 |
| interelement relationships and age-related variation of trace element concentrations in liver of striped dolphins (stenella coeruleoalba) from japanese coastal waters. | concentrations of 19 trace elements (v, cr, mn, fe, co, cu, zn, se, rb, sr, mo, ag, cd, sb, cs, ba, tl, hg, and pb) were determined in the liver of the striped dolphins (stenella coeruleoalba) collected around japan during 1977-1982 to examine the sex difference, age dependence, and interrelationships among trace elements. tissue distribution of trace elements was also investigated in one adult and one fetus specimens. generally, concentrations of se, sr, ag, cd, cs, ba, hg, and pb were higher i ... | 2008 | 18331744 |
| bartonella species detection in captive, stranded and free-ranging cetaceans. | we present prevalence of bartonella spp. for multiple cohorts of wild and captive cetaceans. one hundred and six cetaceans including 86 bottlenose dolphins (71 free-ranging, 14 captive in a facility with a dolphin experiencing debility of unknown origin, 1 stranded), 11 striped dolphins, 4 harbor porpoises, 3 risso's dolphins, 1 dwarf sperm whale and 1 pygmy sperm whale (all stranded) were sampled. whole blood (n = 95 live animals) and tissues (n = 15 freshly dead animals) were screened by pcr ( ... | 2008 | 18721502 |
| neurobrucellosis in stranded dolphins, costa rica. | ten striped dolphins, stenella coeruleoalba, stranded along the costa rican pacific coast, had meningoencephalitis and antibodies against brucella spp. brucella ceti was isolated from cerebrospinal fluid of 6 dolphins and 1 fetus. s. coeruleoalba constitutes a highly susceptible host and a potential reservoir for b. ceti transmission. | 2008 | 18760012 |
| organohalogen contaminants in striped dolphins (stenella coeruleoalba) from japan: present contamination status, body distribution and temporal trends (1978-2003). | organohalogen contaminants including pcbs, ddts, chls, hchs, hcb, pbdes and hbcds were determined in striped dolphins (stenella coeruleoalba) found stranded at gogo-shima (n=6, 2003) and collected from taiji (n=15, 1978-1992) in japan. all target compounds were significantly detected in all the specimens, indicating ubiquitous contamination of oceanic cetaceans in northwest pacific ocean. examination of body distribution of organohalogens in the six specimens from gogo-shima showed no significan ... | 2009 | 19084873 |
| meningoencephalitis associated with brucella species in a live-stranded striped dolphin (stenella coeruleoalba) in south-west england. | | 2009 | 19617615 |
| histological structure of the adrenal gland of the bottlenose dolphin (tursiops truncatus) and the striped dolphin (stenella coeruleoalba) from the adriatic sea. | the structure of the adrenal gland was studied in 11 bottlenose dolphins (tursiops truncatus), and five striped dolphins (stenella coeruleoalba). these species are legally protected in croatia. all examined animals died of natural causes and were found stranded along eastern adriatic coast. in both species the adrenal gland consists of a cortex and a medulla; the cortex is divided into three zones. whereas in the bottlenose dolphin, there is a zona arcuata which contains columnar cells arranged ... | 2010 | 19912161 |
| pathology of striped dolphins (stenella coeruleoalba) infected with brucella ceti. | seventeen striped dolphins (stenella coeruleoalba) displaying swimming disorders compatible with neurological syndromes were investigated for brucella infection. sixteen dolphins had meningoencephalomyelitis. serum antibody against brucella antigen was detected in all 14 animals tested and brucella ceti was isolated from eight out of nine animals. brucella antigen was detected in the brain by immunofluorescence, but not by immunohistochemical labelling. by contrast, brucella antigen was demonstr ... | 2010 | 19954790 |
| cerebral toxoplasmosis in striped dolphins (stenella coeruleoalba) stranded along the ligurian sea coast of italy. | this article reports the results of necropsy, parasitologic, microbiologic, histopathologic, immunohistochemical, indirect immunofluorescence, biomolecular, and serologic investigations on 8 striped dolphins (stenella coeruleoalba) found stranded from august to december 2007 on the ligurian sea coast of italy. severe, nonsuppurative meningoencephalitis was found in 4 animals, as characterized by prominent perivascular mononuclear cell cuffing and macrophage accumulations in neuropil. these lesio ... | 2010 | 20118319 |
| cross-reactivity of anti-human, anti-porcine and anti-bovine cytokine antibodies with cetacean tissues. | the cross-reactivity of monoclonal antibodies specific for human, porcine and bovine cytokines was evaluated for three cetacean species: atlantic spotted dolphins (stenella frontalis), striped dolphins (stenella coeruleoalba) and fin whales (balaenoptera physalus). formalin-fixed and snap-frozen tissue sections of lung, spleen, liver and mesenteric lymph node were evaluated. t and b lymphocytes and monocytes/macrophages were detected by use of anti-human cd3, igg and lysozyme polyclonal antibodi ... | 2010 | 20163803 |
| host specificity of oschmarinella rochebruni and brachycladium atlanticum (digenea: brachycladiidae) in five cetacean species from western mediterranean waters. | we investigated patterns of specificity of liver flukes (fam. brachycladiidae) in a community of cetaceans from the western mediterranean. the liver and pancreas of 103 striped dolphins, stenella coeruleoalba, 18 risso's dolphins, grampus griseus, 14 bottlenose dolphins, tursiops truncatus, 8 common dolphins, delphinus delphis, and 5 long-finned pilot whales, globicephala melas, were analysed for brachycladiid species. two species were found: oschmarinella rochebruni in striped dolphins (prevale ... | 2011 | 20359374 |
| presence of herpesvirus in striped dolphins stranded during the cetacean morbillivirus epizootic along the mediterranean spanish coast in 2007. | a screening for herpesvirus (hv) was carried out using a tissue bank obtained from the cetacean morbillivirus (cemv) mortality episode that occurred along the mediterranean spanish coast in 2007. a total of 14 cetaceans, including six long-finned pilot whales and eight striped dolphins, were studied using histopathology and molecular analysis to detect hv and cemv. in five of the eight dolphins (62.5%) infected with cemv, eight novel hv sequences were also detected. no hv lesions were found in a ... | 2010 | 20495987 |
| metazoan parasites of cetaceans off the northeastern coast of brazil. | this study represents the first survey of the parasitic fauna of cetaceans off the northeastern coast of brazil. parasites were collected from 82 animals rescued from the states of ceará to bahia, including the archipelago of fernando de noronha. a total of 14 species of cetaceans were evaluated: sotalia guianensis, stenella sp., stenella clymene, stenella longirostris, stenella coeruleoalba, stenella frontalis, megaptera novaeangliae, peponocephala electra, steno bredanensis, kogia breviceps, k ... | 2010 | 20638793 |
| pcb and ddt levels do not appear to have enhanced the mortality of striped dolphins (stenella coeruleoalba) in the 2007 mediterranean epizootic. | in 2007, 17 years after the first reported mediterranean epizootic of striped dolphins (stenella coeruleoalba), a new strain of the morbillivirus caused the deaths of dozens of striped dolphins that appeared dead on western mediterranean beaches. ddt and pcb levels were determined in these dolphins, and in individuals from sporadic strandings in the surrounding years. comparison between the two epidemic events showed that organochlorine (oc) levels in the dolphins from 1990 epizootic were more t ... | 2010 | 20800263 |
| radionuclides in marine mammals off the portuguese coast. | radionuclide analyses were performed in tissue samples including muscle, gonad, liver, mammary gland, and bone of marine mammals stranded on the portuguese west coast during january-july 2006. tissues were collected from seven dolphins (delphinus delphis and stenella coeruleoalba) and one pilot whale (globicephala sp.). samples were analyzed for (210)po and (210)pb by alpha spectrometry and for (137)cs and (40)k by gamma spectrometry. po-210 concentrations in common dolphin's muscle (d. delphis) ... | 2011 | 21496976 |
| systemic herpesvirus and morbillivirus co-infection in a striped dolphin (stenella coeruleoalba). | during 2007 a dolphin morbillivirus epizootic affected the western mediterranean and several striped dolphins (stenella coeruleoalba) stranded on the catalonian coasts. one of those animals had severe lymphoid depletion, necrosis and syncytial formation in lymph nodes and spleen, with large basophilic nuclear inclusions compatible with herpesvirus detected by immunohistochemical and ultrastructural examination. non-suppurative encephalitis with associated morbillivirus antigen and morbillivirus ... | 2011 | 21601871 |
| parasites of cetaceans stranded on the pacific coast of costa rica. | information regarding parasitic fauna of cetaceans from costa rica is provided for the first time. a total of 25 stranded dolphins and whales were examined between 2001 and 2009, including striped dolphin (stenella coeruleoalba) (n=19), pantropical spotted dolphin (s. attenuata) (n=2), spinner dolphin (s. longirostris) (n=1), bottlenose dolphin (tursiops truncatus) (n=1), dwarf sperm whale (kogia sima) (n=1) and cuvier's beaked whale (ziphius cavirostris) (n=1). pathological findings associated ... | 2011 | 21665367 |
| genotyping of toxoplasma gondii isolates in meningo-encephalitis affected striped dolphins (stenella coeruleoalba) from italy. | this study reports the occurrence of toxoplasma gondii in the brain of three striped dolphins (stenella ceoruleoalba) found stranded on the ligurian sea coast of italy between 2007 and 2008. these animals showed a severe, subacute to chronic, non-purulent, multifocal meningo-encephalitis, with the cerebral parenchyma of two dolphins harbouring protozoan cysts and zoites immunohistochemically linked to t. gondii. molecular, phylogenetic and mutation scanning analyses showed the occurrence of type ... | 2011 | 21802209 |
| monitoring winter and summer abundance of cetaceans in the pelagos sanctuary (northwestern mediterranean sea) through aerial surveys. | systematic long-term monitoring of abundance is essential to inform conservation measures and evaluate their effectiveness. to instigate such work in the pelagos sanctuary in the mediterranean, two aerial surveys were conducted in winter and summer 2009. a total of 467 (131 in winter, 336 in summer) sightings of 7 species was made. sample sizes were sufficient to estimate abundance of fin whales in summer (148; 95% ciôçè=ôçè87-254) and striped dolphins in winter (19,462; 95% ciôçè=ôçè12 939-29 2 ... | 2011 | 21829544 |
| Morbilliviral encephalitis in a striped dolphin Stenella coeruleoalba calf from Italy. | A free-living, striped dolphin Stenella coeruleoalba calf was stranded on the Latium coast of Italy in November 2009. Significant neuropathological findings included non-suppurative meningoencephalitis, microgliosis, neuronal degeneration, astrocytosis, and occasional multinucleate syncytia. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for Morbillivirus were positive exclusively from the brain, with morbilliviral antigen and nucleic acid being detected ... | 2011 | 21932537 |
| genetic comparison among dolphin morbillivirus in the 1990-1992 and 2006-2008 mediterranean outbreaks. | in 1990, dolphin morbillivirus (dmv) killed thousands of striped dolphins in the mediterranean. subsequently, the prevalence of the infection declined in this species. in 2006-2008, the virus killed not only numerous striped dolphins but also long-finned pilot whales. all partial sequences of the phosphoprotein and nucleoprotein genes obtained thus far from different host species during the 2006-2008 outbreak show 100% identity, suggesting that a single virus was involved, and these sequences ar ... | 2011 | 21888991 |