| experimental studies on the transmission of hepatitis b by mosquitoes. | culex tarsalis and aedes aegypti mosquitoes were fed on chimpanzees carrying hepatitis b surface antigen (hbs ag) of known infectivity and pools were tested by radioimmunoassay daily for the presence of hbs ag. hbs ag continued to be detected at low levels in mosquito tissue after digestion of the blood meal. inoculation of susceptible chimpanzees with macerated pools of a. aegypti mosquitoes at two intervals after digestion of the blood meal did not produce hepatitis or serologic evidence of he ... | 1976 | 9000 |
| malaria of the orang-utan (pongo pygmaeus) in borneo. | the primary objective of this project was to study the life cycle and ecology of plasmodium pitheci, a malaria parasite of the orang-utan. the field work was based on the orang-utan rehabilitation centre in the sepilok forest reserve of eastern sabah. two visits were made to sepilok, the first in february and march, 1972, and the second (by w.p.) in january 1974. on the first visit two species of "surrogate host" were taken to sabah, i.e. chimpanzees and aotus monkeys for experimental work. the ... | 1976 | 10589 |
| the metabolism of (2-cyclopentyl-6,7-dichloro-2-methyl-1-oxo-5-indanyloxy)acetic acid in chimpanzee and man. | the metabolism of the polyvalent saluretic agent (2-cyclopentyl-6,7-dichloro-2-methyl-1-oxo-5-indanyloxy)acetic acid was studied in chimpanzee and man. the drug was well absorbed and extensively metabolized by man. peak levels of drug (5--8 microgram/ml) occurred within 1.5--4.5 hr of drug administration. the plasma half-life was estimated to be 2 hr; a similar half-life was observed in the chimpanzee. little unchanged drug (less than 10%) was excreted in the urine of either species. similar met ... | 1978 | 26552 |
| acid-base curve nomogram for chimpanzee blood and comparison with human blood characteristics. | an acid-base nomogram for chimpanzee blood was constructed. blood was drawn from eight lightly anesthetized chimpanzees. each sample of blood was oxygenated and nine aliquots were prepared with three different concentrations of hemoglobin and three different amounts of added acid or base. each aliquot was equilibrated at two pco2 levels and the ph was measured and plotted on ph-logpco2 coordinates. using the intersection point of these ph-logpco2 lines as a point of equal hemoglobin-independent ... | 1979 | 33940 |
| testis antigens of man and some other primates. | rabbit antisera raised aginst testis preparations of human, chimpanzee, rhesus monkey, and baboon origin were used to study testis-specific antigens within and among the four primate species. antisera were absorbed with serum, liver, kidney, and spleen preparations of the respective species against which they had been produced. immunoelectrophoretic analysis of testis extracts, using the absorbed antisera, indicated the following minimum numbers of testis-specific antigens for each species: man, ... | 1975 | 47818 |
| group-specific component (gc) proteins bind vitamin d and 25-hydroxyvitamin d. | group-specific component (gc) proteins are human plasma proteins for which a worldwide polymorphism exists. as yet no functional role has been assigned this protein. we show that the products of both gc alleles, proteins gc 1 and gc 2 (distinguished electrophoretically), bind substantial quantities of vitamin d and 25-hydroxyvitamin d. three lines of evidence are reported: (1) polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and autoradiography of serum labeled with (14-c)vitamin d3 revealed patterns of radio ... | 1975 | 49052 |
| relationship of hepatitis a antigen to viral hepatitis. | progress in research on hepatitis type a has begun to accelerate because of the recent discovery of an antigen associated specifically with hepatitis type a infection and the development of tests for antibody to the antigen. hepatitis a antigen is associated with 27 nm virus-like particles found in the liver and stool of animals experimentally infected with hepatitis type a and in the stool of humans experimentally or naturally infected with the virus. the density of the particulate antigen when ... | 1975 | 53012 |
| development and utilization of complement-fixation and immune adherence tests for human hepatitis a virus and antibody. | the reliable propagation of cr326 strain of human hepatitis a virus in saguinus mystax marmosets has permitted the development of specific serum neutralization, complement-fixation (cf), and immune adherence (ia) assays for hepatitis a antigen and antibody. the cf and ia assay were made possible by the use of livers of cr326-infected marmosets as a source of hepatitis a antigen. all assays were shown to be specific for hepatitis a. patients with hepatitis b did not show development of hepatitis ... | 1975 | 53013 |
| relationships between membrane antigens of human leukemic cells and oncogenic rna virus structural components. | leukemic cells from all human chronic granulocytic leukemia (cgl) and some acute myelomonocytic leukemia (amml) donors are lysed by rabbit antisera to a purified glycoprotein of friend murine leukemia virus (flv gp71) in a microcytotoxicity assay. these antisera are not cytotoxic to cells from patients with acute myelocytic leukemia (aml), acute lymphocytic leukemia (all), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (cll), or to peripheral blood lymphocytes from normal donors. a goat antiserum to gradient puri ... | 1976 | 53269 |
| [isolation of the pregnancy specific beta-glycoprotein (sp1) and antigen-related proteins by means of immunoadsorption]. | purification of human pregnancy-specific beta1-glycoprotein (sp1) and antigenically related proteins of sub-human primates (chimpanzee, rhesus monkey, cynomolgus and baboon) was achieved by means of an immunoadsorbent technique. the immunoglobulins of a rabbit antiserum to human sp1 were isolated on deae-cellulose and coupled to cnbr-activated sepharose. this immunoadsorbent was used to bind human sp1, respectively monkey proteins immunochemically related to sp1 from placental extract fractions. ... | 1976 | 55283 |
| immunisation against hepatitis b in man. | an inactivated vaccine against hepatitis b was prepared from blood-donor hbs antigen purified on immunoadsorbents. its safety and efficacy were tested in chimpanzees. vaccination was then applied in an attempt to protect patients and staff in a haemodialysis unit. the efficacy of the vaccine in man was assessed by observing humoral and cellular immune reactions and by comparing changes in hbs antigenaemia in vaccinated and non-vaccinated subjects. the results indicate that this vaccine protects ... | 1976 | 59012 |
| administration of human fibroblast interferon in chronic hepatitis-b infection. | one patient with hepatitis-b surface antigen (hbsag)-positive chronic aggressive hepatitis, and two chimpanzee carriers of hbsag, were each given seven doses of 10(7) i.u. of human fibroblast interferon over two weeks. the main differnce observed after treatment was a depression of the nucleocapsid hepatitis-0 core antigen in the liver, indicating that hepatitis-b virus infection is sensitive to interferon. except for a short febrile reaction, no undesirable effects were seen after the administr ... | 1976 | 60513 |
| modification of chronic hepatitis-b virus infection in chimpanzees by administration of an interferon inducer. | chimpanzees chronically infected with hepatitis-b virus showed transient changes in several markers of infection when treated with the interferon inducer polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidylic acid-poly-l-lysine carboxymethyl cellulose. serum dane-particle-associated d.n.a. polymerase, e antigen and hepatitis-b surface antigen, and intrahepatic hepatitis-b surface and core antigens diminished during treatment. defective (d.n.a.-polymerase-negative) dane particles increased in titre transiently durin ... | 1976 | 61440 |
| detection of nucleolus organizer regions in chromosomes of human, chimpanzee, gorilla, orangutan and gibbon. | nucleolus organizer regions were detected by the ag-as silver method in fixed metaphase chromosomes from human and primates. in the human, silver was deposited in the secondary constriction of a maximum of five pairs of acrocentric chromosomes: 13, 14, 15, 21 and 22. the chimpanzee also had five pairs of acrocentric chromosomes stained, corresponding to human numbers 13, 14, 18, 21 and 22. a gibbon had a single pair of chromosomes with a secondary constriction, which corresponded to the nucleolu ... | 1976 | 61844 |
| the antigens 4a and 4b in rhesus monkeys and stumptailed macaques. | small panels of rhesus and stumptailed macaques were tested in a cytotoxic assay against human and chimpanzee 4a and 4b alloantisera. the human antisera were also absorbed by macaque platelets and the effect on the serum titer against human cells considered. results of both types of testing conclusively demonstrated the presence of 4a- and 4b-like antigens on the cells of these two macaque species. although the frequencies of both specificities were different from those observed for man and chim ... | 1976 | 62418 |
| induction of antibody to the "y" determinant of hbsag in a chimpanzee carrier of hbsag subtype "adw". | antibody to the y determinant of hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) was induced in a chimpanzee chronically infected with hepatitis b virus and circulating hbsag subtype adw. the chimpanzee was immunized with purified preparations of hbsag subtypes adw and ayw. six weeks after immunization, antibody to hbsag (anti-hbs) specific for the y determinant, appeared. no change occurred in titers of hbsag or antibody to hepatitis b core antigen (anti-hbc) and "e" antigen remained detectable. the circul ... | 1976 | 62804 |
| oncornavirus: isolation from a squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus) lung culture. | an oncornavirus isolated from a squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus) lung culture has a density of 1.16 to 1.17 grams per milliliter, contains 70s rna, and has an rna-directed dna polymerase that prefers mg2+ over mn2+ in an assay in which polyribocytidylate - oligodeoxyguanylate (12-18) is used as a synthetic template. morphologically, the virus resembles mason-pfizer monkey virus but is antigenically distinct from this virus. the virus grows in cells of human, chimpanzee, rhesus monkey, canine, ... | 1977 | 63993 |
| pregnancy zone protein analogue in pregnant and non-pregnant primates, and its decrease during pregnancy in some monkey species. | rabbit antiserum to human pregnancy zone protein (pzp) cross-reacted with analogous proteins in several species of primates. the chimpanzee pzp showed reactions of identity with human pzp, while the pzp analogue in the orangutan, in four species of old world monkeys (pig-tailed, rhesus, cynomolgus and stump-tailed) and in a species of new world monkey (squirrel) showed equivalent reactions of partial identity with human pzp. in the chimpanzee and orangutan, the pzp analogue was present in low co ... | 1976 | 64329 |
| the duffy blood group determinants: their role in the susceptibility of human and animal erythrocytes to plasmodium knowlesi malaria. | duffy blood group negative erythrocytes from blacks are refractory to invasion by plasmodium knowlesi merozoites in vitro, and blacks with this genotype are resistant to infection by p. vivax in vivo. in order to evaluate in a direct manner the role of duffy blood group determinants in invasion by p. knowlesi merozoites, we studied erythrocytes from three rare non-black duffy negative individuals, fy(a-b-), in whom the duffy negative phenotype probably represents a mutation and not the introduct ... | 1977 | 70210 |
| transmissible agent in non-a, non-b hepatitis. | plasma or serum from 4 patients with acute or chronic non-a, non-b post-transfusion hepatitis (p.t.h.) and from a blood-donor implicated in two cases of p.t.h. was inoculated into 5 chimpanzees. biochemical and histological evidence of hepatitis developed in these 5 chimpanzees but not in a control animal. the mean incubation period in the chimpanzees was 13.4 weeks, compared with 7.7 weeks in the 4 patients with p.t.h. the peak alanine aminotransferase (a.l.t.) levels in the 5 chimpanzees were ... | 1978 | 76017 |
| transmission of non-a, non-b hepatitis from man to chimpanzee. | non-a, non-b hepatitis was transmitted to four colony-born chimpanzees by intravenous inoculation of human sera. two chimpanzees were inoculated with serum from a patient with a clinical and serological diagnosis of chronic non-a, non-b hepatitis whose blood appeared to transmit this disease to a nurse following accidental needle-stick, and the other two chimpanzees were inoculated with serum from either of two former blood-donors whose hbsag-negative blood appeared to transmit clinically recogn ... | 1978 | 76018 |
| experimental kuru in the rhesus monkey: a study of eeg modifications in the waking state and during sleep. | eeg patterns recorded in the waking state and during sleep were studied in 6 rhesus monkeys inoculated with a strain of kuru previously passaged in rhesus monkey (enage strain, rhesus l6 56). the onset of the disease was confirmed by the appearance of various clinical signs in 4 monkeys 15 months after inoculation. at the 16th month, the first eeg modifications appeared during sleep, which became lighter. the waking eeg was abnormal during the mature phase of the disease; it was characterized by ... | 1978 | 81763 |
| transmission of non-a non-b hepatitis to chimpanzees by factor-ix concentrates after fatal complications in patients with chronic liver disease. | 6 cases of non-a non-b hepatitis which followed administration of four different batches of concentrates of coagulation factor ix from commercial and non-commercial sources are described. of 17 patients who received the concentrate on account of chronic liver disease, 4 developed hepatitis, and in 3 of these the illness proved fatal. the incubation periods ranged from 42 to 103 days (mean 65 days). 3 chimpanzees were inoculated with concentrate from the same batch used on the above patients, a f ... | 1979 | 85107 |
| circulating immune complexes in non-a, non-b hepatitis. possible masking of viral antigen. | serial serum samples from 22 patients with transfusion-associated non-a, non-b hepatitis and 2 chimpanzees with the experimentally induced disease were tested for circulating immune complexes by raji-cell radioimmunoassay. 13 patients (59%) and 1 chimpanzee had circulating immune complexes immediately before, coincident with, or during the return to normal of raised aminotransferase activity. 7 of the 10 patients with chronic non-a, non-b hepatitis had detectable complexes at levels which waxed ... | 1979 | 87727 |
| freedom from transmission of hepatitis-b of gamma-globulin and heat-inactivated plasma protein fraction prepared from contaminated human plasma by fractionation with solid-phase polyelectrolytes. | plasma contaminated with hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) and shown by others to be infectious when injected in a dilution of 1:1,000,000 in chimpanzees, was fractionated by a solid-phase polyelectrolyte (pe) procedure for its content of plasma protein fraction (ppf) and gamma-globulin (immune serum globulin; isg). quantitative ausria ii radioimmunoassays showed that nearly half the hbsag was bound by the pe and could be eluted at low ph, while the rest was found in the heat-inactivated ppf. ... | 1979 | 88811 |
| production of antibodies to human immunoglobulins in a gibbon. | immunization of a chimpanzee, a gibbon, a baboon and a rhesus monkey with human globulins gave different results. while chimpanzees did not produce any anti-human antibodies, baboon and rhesus monkey responded by producing anti-human igg antibodies that did not show subclass or allotype specificity. in the gibbon antiserum, on the other hand, six different antibodies were demonstrated with a specificity against one or more of the four human igg subclasses, including one allotype. comparative inv ... | 1979 | 93346 |
| genital ureaplasmas in nonhuman primates. | ureaplasmas were isolated from the genital tracts of four of 22 (18.4%) male chimpanzees and eight of 23 (34.8%) female chimpanzees. twenty-nine female rhesus monkeys, 38 female baboons, one gibbon, and black ape and one java monkey were shown to be free of genital ureaplasmas. the rate of reproductive failure among the chimpanzees was high and it is suggested that ureaplasma may be responsible in part. the chimpanzee may serve as a useful model for human ureaplasma genital infections. | 1977 | 96260 |
| experimental infection of chimpanzees with the norwalk agent of epidemic viral gastroenteritis. | a fecal filtrate of human origin containing the norwalk agent of epidemic viral gastroenteritis was administered by stomach tube to chimpanzees in an attempt to induce diarrheal disease. significant postchallenge serum antibody rises against norwalk viral antigens were demonstrated in all animals using the techniques of immune electron microscopy and radioimmunoassay. in addition, viral antigens were detected in feces from five of nine animals using radioimmunoassay. clinical illness characteriz ... | 1978 | 97364 |
| natural distribution of squirrel monkey retrovirus proviral sequences in primate dnas. | 3h-labelled 70s rna of squirrel monkey retrovirus (smrv) hybridized to a high degree (greater than 52%) to the dna of various tissues of two squirrel monkeys. hybridization of the same probe to dnas of other primates including new world monkeys (woolly monkey, capuchin, owl monkey), old world monkeys (rhesus, african green), apes (gibbon, chimpanzee), and human (a204 cells infected with mpmv) revealed no significant hybridization. analysis of the kinetics of hybridization indicated that smrv pro ... | 1978 | 99487 |
| evaluation of electrode configurations in cerebellar implants. | capacitively coupled currents of 100 hz, 0.25 msec duration, were applied to multielectrode arrays implanted upon the superior and posterior surfaces of the chimpanzee cerebellum. the current required for 90% reduction in the amplitude of the evoked potential was inversely proportional to the number of electrodes upon the cerebellar surface. a study of various waveforms showed that z hz, 0.25 msec pulse duration is near optimal for reduction of amplitude of the somatosensory evoked potential. th ... | 1977 | 101137 |
| taurine and other free amino acids in milk of man and other mammals. | taurine and other free amino acids have been determined in human milk of a number of other species. taurine is the most abundant free amino acid in the milk of the gerbil, mouse, cat, dog and rhesus monkey. taurine is the second most abundant amino acid in the milk of the rat, baboon, chimpanzee, sheep, java monkey and man. taurine is not a major constituent in the milk of the guinea pig, rabbit, cow and horse. the milk of each species has a characteristic free amino acid pattern which may be an ... | 1978 | 102507 |
| mandibular biomechanics and temporomandibular joint function in primates. | there is disagreement as to whether the mandibular condyles are stress-bearing or stress-free during mastication. in support of alternative models, analogies have been drawn with class iii levers, links, and couple systems. physiological data are reviewed which indicate that maximum masticatory forces are generated when maxillary and mandibular teeth are in contact, and that this phase lasts for over 100 msec during many chewing strokes. during this period, the mandible can be modeled as a beam ... | 1978 | 103437 |
| a receptor for polymerized human and chimpanzee albumins on hepatitis b virus particles co-occurring with hbeag. | a receptor for polymerized human serum albumin was demonstrated on dane particles as well as on 20-nm hepatitis b surface antigen particles, isolated from asymptomatic carriers of hepatitis b virus who were positive for hbeag. in contrast, such receptor was not born by 20-nm hepatitis b surface antigen particles obtained from carriers positive for antibody to hbeag. hepatitis b surface antigen particles with the receptor were heavier than those without, and when treated with pronase, they became ... | 1979 | 103774 |
| evaluation of five temperature-sensitive mutants of respiratory syncytial virus in primates: ii. genetic analysis of virus recovered during infection. | five temperature-sensitive (ts) mutants of respiratory syncytial (rs) virus (ts-1, ts-1 ng-1, ts-1 ng-16, ts-2, and ts-7), previously evaluated forinfectivity and virulence in chimpanzees and owl monkeys, were also assayed for in vivo genetic stability. none of the five mutants tested was completely stable genetically. thus, virus which had lost some or all of the ts property was recovered from each infected chimpanzee. significantly, each ts-1 ng-1 isolate retained some degree of temperature se ... | 1978 | 104003 |
| concentrations of circulating steroids in normal prepubertal and adult male and female humans, chimpanzees, rhesus monkeys, rats, mice, and hamsters: a literature survey. | radioimmunoassay (ria) data on concentrations of circulating steroids in normal prepubertal and adult male and female humans, chimpanzees, rhesus monkeys, rats, mice, and hamsters have been collated from the literature. few reports include data for both sexes, for age groups, or for more than one species. in selecting references for inclusion in the tables, efforts were made to choose data only from ria procedures that were adequately validated. a number of similarities can be found by reviewing ... | 1978 | 104044 |
| antigenic cross-reactivity between human and marmoset zonase pellucidae, a potential target for immunocontraception. | cross-reactivity between marmoset, chimpanzee, human and pig zona pellucida antigens was demonstrated by immunofluorescence and zona precipitation. in marmosets, anti-zona antibody prevented sperm attachment to eggs in vitro, and the antibody could be detected on zonae of ovarian oocytes following passive immunization. use of the marmoset as an animal model in testing feasibility of the zona approach to immunocontraception is discussed. | 1978 | 105141 |
| a quantitative study of the glia of the purkinje cell layer of the cerebellum in mammals. | the cerebella of fourteen mammals have been examined and the number of each dna class of glial cell, within the purkinje cell layer, counted. diploid glial cells were present in all species and related in number to the surface area of the purkinje cell. it is likely that they assist in the maintenance of the physiology of this latter cell type. tetraploid glial cells, however, occur in significant numbers only in the human and chimpanzee and possibly play a part in the establishment of certain l ... | 1979 | 107465 |
| microvascular architecture of anthropoid primate intestine. | microvascular architecture of the small intestine of new world monkey, ape, and man was examined with the silicone rubber injection technique and the results compared to previous observations in dogs and old world monkeys. in man, chimpanzee, and new world monkey the small intestine villus contains a single centrally located vein draining a subepithelial capillary plexus converging at the apex of the villus. these villi also contain a single eccentrically located artery rising to the midlevel of ... | 1978 | 110488 |
| urate excretion: drug interactions. | a derivative of probenecid, 2-nitroprobenecid, was studied in chimpanzees and cebus monkeys. the uricosuria induced by the drug could be diminished by the infusion of p-aminohippurate (chimpanzee) or hippurate (monkey). both hippurates inhibited the secretion of the drug and it is likely that the diminished response was the result of decreased access of 2-nitroprobenecid to its site of action. in contrast, pyrazinoate diminished the response to 2-nitroprobenecid without disturbing its renal disp ... | 1979 | 110920 |
| comparative normal levels of serum triiodothyronine and thyroxine in nonhuman primates. | normative values were obtained for triiodothyronine and thyroxine from four species of old world primate (chimpanzees, rhesus monkeys, african green monkeys and talopoin monkeys) and a single species of new world primate (squirrel monkeys) represented by two subspecies, colombian and bolivian. the bolivian squirrel monkeys exhibited the lowest values for both triiodothyronine and thyroxine. male talapoins had the highest levels of thyroxine. significant differences were found in levels of triiod ... | 1979 | 110976 |
| serum alpha-lipoprotein responses to variations in dietary cholesterol, protein and carbohydrate in different non-human primate species. | serum alpha-lipoprotein responses to variations in dietary cholesterol, protein, and carbohydrate were studied in different nonhuman primate species. chimpanzee, rhesus, green, patas, squirrel and spider monkeys all showed significant interspecies differences in serum total cholesterol responses to 1.84 mg/kcal exogenous cholesterol. dietary cholesterol significantly increased the alpha-lipoprotein cholesterol in all species except rhesus and chimpanzee. among these species, there was no relatio ... | 1979 | 110992 |
| tuberculosis in nonhuman primates as a threat to humans. | nonhuman primates are used in many laboratories either as modest systems for studies of disease processes or as a source of these tissues for cell culture and vaccine production. much too frequently, the health of these donor animals is taken for granted, although t.b. testing is one of the few procedures routinely performed. in spite of this screening, outbreaks of t.b. among various simian species are still sufficiently commonplace to make maintenance and use of these animals a continuing sour ... | 1978 | 111982 |
| object sorting by chimpanzees and monkeys. | chimpanzees and two species of monkey were compared on sorting tasks. when the sets of objects differed in multiple ways, most chimpanzees learnt to sort whereas only a few monkeys performed better than chance (and then inconsistently). when the objects within a set differed in one or two respects, so that sorting by one principle entailed "unsorting" by one or more alternative principles, chimpanzees had greater difficulty. two young animals did rapidly learn to sort by color and size ("unsorti ... | 1979 | 113172 |
| transmission of sarcocystis suihominis from humans to swine to nonhuman primates (pan troglodytes, macaca mulatta, macaca irus). | sporocysts of sarcocystis suihominis obtained from human feces were used to infect swine. heart, tongue, and skeletal muscle from experimentally infected and noninfected control swine were fed via stomach tube to nonhuman primates including chimpanzees (pan troglodytes), rhesus monkeys (macaca mulatta), and cynomolgus monkeys (macaca irus). all primates fed infected swine tissues shed sporocysts beginning 13 to 15 days postinfection and were still shedding sporocysts at the conclusion of the exp ... | 1979 | 113949 |
| focal epithelial hyperplasia in rabbit oral mucosa. | several papules on the floor of the mouth and the ventral surface of the tongue of a zinc-deficient rabbit were studied by light and electron microscopy. these papules appeared to be consistent with focal epithelial hyperplasia of man and chimpanzees. there was a concurrence of cytoplasmic vacuolization with the appearance of viral particles within the nucleus. intranuclear crystalline viral aggregates were frequently observed in the upper spinous cells. | 1979 | 115979 |
| immunofluorescent and immunoelectron microscopic demonstration of primate heart muscle antigens cross-reactive with streptococcus pyogenes. | the presence of antigens in heart muscles cross-reactive with antibodies against streptococcus pyogenes were examined in heart samples of seven primate species (chimpanzee, rhesus macaque, stump-tailed macaque, hamadryas baboon, capuchin monkey, green monkey and patas monkey). cross-reactive antigens were localized by means of the indirect immunofluorescent technique in nearly all samples tested. the fluorescence pattern was the same as found in the heart muscle of other mammals. using the indir ... | 1979 | 116866 |
| acquired immunity to human non-a, non-b hepatitis: cross-challenge of chimpanzees with three infectious human sera. | chimpanzees that had recovered from non-a, non-b hepatitis transmitted by inoculation of serum from each of three chronically infected humans were challenged by inoculation with a second of the three infectious sera to determine whether recovery from infection caused by one serum afforded protection against later infection by another. none of the challenge inoculations caused recognizable non-a, non-b hepatitis in any of the chimpanzees, a finding suggesting that either one agent or several agen ... | 1979 | 119000 |
| serologic response in human hepatitis a: detection of antibody by radioimmunoassay and immune adherence hemagglutination. | an indirect solid-phase radioimmunoassay (ria) for detection of antibody to the hepatitis a antigen (anti-hav) was developed using polystyrene pearls as the solid phase and hepatitis a antigen (haag) extracted from marmoset livers. this ria was compared to an immune adherence hemagglutination assay (iaha) which employed haag derived from the stools of chimpanzees collected during acute hepatitis a. anti-hav was detected in the sera of 15 humans with naturally acquired hepatitis a infection. sens ... | 1979 | 119037 |
| quantitative comparison of the hominoid thalamus. i. specific sensory relay nuclei. | studies to date have indicated few differences in sensory perception among hominoids. sensory relay nuclei in the dorsal thalamus--portions of the medial and lateral geniculate bodies (mgbp, lgbd) and the ventrobasal complex (vb)--in two gibbons, one gorilla, one chimpanzee and three humans were examined for anatomical similarity by measuring and estimating the nuclear volumes, neuronal densities, numbers of neurons per nucleus, and volumes of neuronal perikarya. the absolute volumes of these nu ... | 1979 | 119437 |
| estrogen and luteinizing hormone secretion in diverse primate species from simplified urinary analysis. | a practical approach for monitoring urinary estrogen and luteinizing hormone (lh) in various primate species is described. total immunoreactive estrogen (et) levels, measured without chromatography, provided a convenient estimation of estrone, estradiol and estriol as the sum of their separated parts. bioactive lh in urine was measured by the rat interstitial cell testosterone (rict) in vitro bioassay. correction for urinary creatinine content allowed for the comparison of hormone production fro ... | 1979 | 120442 |
| transmission of creutzfeldt-jakob disease to the stumptail macaque (macaca arctoides). | the successful transmission of creutzfeldt-jakob disease from both affected human and chimpanzee brain to stumptail macaques has been accomplished. the incubation period of 5 yr was the same for both animals; however, the course of the disease was longer in the animal receiving the human brain. in both cases, initial mild symptoms slowly remitted only to reappear some 4 mo later. muscle biopsies revealed changes suggestive of a mild neuropathy. in addition, there appeared to be an increased abil ... | 1975 | 124873 |
| technique of laparoscopy in the chimpanzee. | we have developed the technique of laparoscopy in the chimpanzee using a modification of the standard human procedure. the technique requires careful management, but permits repeated examination, high quality photography, ovarian biopsy, follicle aspiration and injections into the ovary. the chimpanzee may thus be useful for evaluating new techniques or instrumentation intended for human patients. in addition, laparoscopy access to the internal genitalia enhances the value of the chimpanzee as a ... | 1976 | 136513 |
| [absorption, body distribution, metabolism, and excretion of dieldrin in non-human primates and other laboratory animals (author's transl)]. | using 14c-labelled dieldrin, the resorption, body distribution, and rate of excretion as well as the metabolism was investigated qualitatively and quantitatively. the experiments with mice, rats, rabbits, rhesus monkeys, and chimpanzees were performed under identical conditions to obtain reliably comparable results. | 1979 | 156995 |
| identification and measurement of urinary estrone, estradiol-17 beta, estriol, pregnanediol and androsterone during the menstrual cycle of the orangutan. | urinary estrone, estradiol-17beta, estriol, pregnanediol and androsterone were identified and measured during 3 menstrual cycles in 2 female orangutans. in 2 of the cycles, the animals excreted 1-8 mug/day estrone, 0.5-6 mug/day estradiol-17beta, 1-8 mug/day estriol, 20-206 mug/day pregnanediol and 120-522 mug/day androsterone during the first half of the menstrual cycle. in the second half of the cycle, corresponding values were 3-21 mug/day estrone, 2-10 mug/day estradiol-17beta, 1-9 mug/day e ... | 1975 | 162882 |
| specific immune adherence assay for human hepatitis a antibody application to diagnostic and epidemiologic investigations. | a specific immune adherence (ia) test for hepatitis a antibody in human serum was described employing liver extract of marmosets infected with cr326 strain human hepatitis a virus. persons with hepatitis a, but not hepatitis b, developed hepatitis a ia antibody soon after onset of the acute illness and this persisted thereafter. there was very close agreement in the tests for human hepatitis a immune adherence, complement fixing (cf) and neutralizing antibodies. ia antibodies appeared to develop ... | 1975 | 167376 |
| isolation and partial characterization of the major apolipoprotein component of bovine serum high density lipoprotein. | the delipidated protein component of bovine serum high density lipoprotein was fractionated by gel filtration on a sephadex g-150 column (equilibrated with buffer containing 6 m urea) into three fractions: i, ii and iii. fractions i and ii together constitute 88% of all the protein weight of bovine high density lipoprotein, whereas fraction iii accounts for the remaining 12%. analysis of the fractions by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide electrophoresis reveals that fraction i consists mostl ... | 1975 | 167837 |
| a comparative study on the presence of c-type viral particles in placentas from primates and other animals. | c-type particles are found in human, baboon, marmoset, rhesus, patas, and cynomolgus monkeys. a cebus monkey and two chimpanzee placentas have failed thus far to show the presence of these particles. of the nonprimate tissues examined one mouse and one guinea pig placenta were positive whereas a rabbit placenta was negative. variations in number of particles present in tissues as well as number of animals of a given species containing particles are noted. the isolation of foamyviruses from place ... | 1975 | 169817 |
| chromosome no. 1 of man and chimpanzee: identity of gene mapping for three loci: pph, pgm1, and pep-c. | cytogenetic and biochemical analysis of 10 independant chimpanzee-mouse cell hybrids and of 18 subclones of one of these showed that pph, pgm1 and pep-c are localized on the chimpanzee chromosome homologous to the human chromosome no. 1. | 1975 | 170193 |
| experimental infection of chimpanzees with hepatitis a virus. | the susceptibility of chimpanzees to viral hepatitis type a was examined with immine electron microscopy. of four seronegative infant chimpanzees, two were inoculated with a hepatitis a acute-phase stool filtrate rich in 27 nm virus-like hepatitis a antigen (ha ag) particles, and two were inoculated with an ha ag-negative preinfection stool filtrate. one of each pair of chimpanzees was inoculated intravenously, the other orally. one month later both chimpanzees that had received the ha ag-positi ... | 1975 | 171320 |
| viral hepatitis: recent developments and prospects for prevention. | during the past decade new development in hepatitis research have shed new light on the etiologic, epidemiologic, immunologic, and prophylactic aspects of type a and b hepatitis virus infection. recent advances in hepatitis a virus research include: (1) identification of the virus as a 27 nm particle with characteristics resembling an enterovirus, (2) transmission of the infection to marmosets and chimpanzees, and (3) development of specific complement fixation and immune adherence antibody test ... | 1975 | 171363 |
| review of infectivity studies in nonhuman primates with virus-like particles associated with ms-1 hepatitis. | using the technique of immune electron microscopy we have conducted hepatitis a infectivity studies in marmoset monkeys and chimpanzees. marmosets inoculated with human serum containing the ms-1 strain of hepatitis a virus have developed hepatitis and seroconverted to 27 nm virus-like particles isolated from stools of humans in the early acute stages of hepatitis. similar results have been observed through several marmoset subpassages, and the virus-like particles have been recovered from the li ... | 1975 | 171954 |
| infectivity studies of hepatitis a and b in non-human primates. | we have induced hepatitis a in marmosets of the subspecies saguinus mystax following primary inoculation with human serum containing the ms-1 strain of hepatitis a virus (hav) and in 3 further marmoset subpassages using infective marmoset serum from each preceding passage. in each passage acquisition of serum antibody against 17 nm virus-like particles recovered from acute illness stools of human volunteers who developed hepatitis following inoculation with the ms-1 strain of hav, as well as fro ... | 1975 | 173599 |
| immune adherence and complement-fixation tests for human hepatitis a. diagnostic and epidemiologic investigations. | the reliable propagation of cr326 strain of human hepatitis a virus in saguinus mystax marmosets has permitted the development of specific serum neutralization, complement-fixation (cf), and immune adherence (ia) assays for hepatitis a antigen and antibody. the cf and ia assays were made possible by the use of livers of cr326-infected marmosets as a source of hepatitis a antigen. all assays were shown to be specific for hepatitis a. cases of hepatitis b did not show development of hepatitis a an ... | 1975 | 173600 |
| the mythology of various hepatitis a virus isolates. | several types of viral hepatitis may exist. hepatitis a (ms-1 type) can be transmitted to marmosets and chimpanzees. virus-like particles, which may be parvo- or enteroviruses and which have been demonstrated in feces of this type of hepatitis, do not share cross-reacting antigens with hepatitis b but do cross-react with fecal hepatitis a antigen. hepatitis a (gb type), which also does not cross-react with hepatitis b, is not antigenically identical with ms-1; it can be transmitted to marmosets ... | 1975 | 173601 |
| purification of hepatitis a antigen from feces and detection of antigen and antibody by immune adherence hemagglutination. | hepatitis a antigen (ha ag) was purified from feces collected during acute illness from patients with naturally occurring viral hepatitis, type a. positive fecal specimens were identified by immune electron microscopy, but for detection of ha agduring purification immune adherence hemagglutination (iaha) and microtiter solid-phase radioimmunoassay were used. isopycnic banding in cesium chloride, rate-zonal separation in sucrose, and preparative zonal electrophoresis were used in various combina ... | 1976 | 178597 |
| evolution of type c viral genes: evidence for an asian origin of man. | old world monkeys and apes, including man, possess, as a normal component of their cellular dna, gene sequences (virogenes) related to the rna of a virus isolated from baboons. a comparison of the viral gene sequences and the other cellular sequences distinguishes those old world monkeys and apes that have evolved in africa from those that have evolved in asia. among the apes, only gorilla and chimpanzee seem by these criteria to be african, whereas gibbon, orang-utan and man are identified as a ... | 1976 | 179013 |
| the nonhuman primates as models for studying human atherosclerosis: studies on the chimpanzee, the baboon and the rhesus macacus. | there is no dearth of experimental techniques for producing the hyperlipoproteinemia resulting in atherosclerotic complications and for myocardial infarction in the non human primates. most of the recent experiments which have given information of great value have been studied with relatively expensive animals for a long period of time up to 6-7 years. it is evident that no animal model perfectly duplicates the human disease or satisfies all desirable requirements. the chimpanzees, representativ ... | 1976 | 179299 |
| phylogenetic variability of serum lipids and lipoproteins in non-human primates fed diets with different contents of dietary cholesterol. | the response of serum lipids and lipoproteins to different levels of dietary cholesterol (0.05% to 1.5% w/w) was measured in six nonhuman primate species. relative response of serum cholesterol in different species, measured in terms of response, index, varied with dietary cholesterol concentration. the overall response for the different diets allowed ranking of the species as follows: squirrel is greater than green is greater then spider is approximately thesus is approximately patas is greater ... | 1976 | 179305 |
| quantitation of antibody to hepatitis a antigen by immune electron microscopy. | a set of precipitin reactions was performed by immune electron microscopy (iem) with hepatitis a antigen (ha ag) and varying quantities of antibody to ha a q (anti-ha). serial dilution of anti-ha resulted in progressive diminution in iem antibody rating. these data, together with a highly significant correlation between iem ratings and immune adherence hemagglutination (iaha) titers on 92 coded serum samples, confirm that quantitative serology development can be performed by iem. to demonstrate ... | 1976 | 179951 |
| nonhuman primate-associated viral hepatitis type a. serologic evidence of hepatitis a virus infection. | since 1961, viral hepatitis has been recognized as an occupational hazard among handlers of newly imported chimpanzees and other nonhuman primates. to determine whether previously reported cases were caused by human viral hepatitis type a, we tested paired serum samples from two outbreaks for antibody to hepatitis a antigen (anti-ha) by immune adherence hemagglutination (iaha), recently available test. in both outbreaks, one of hepatitis transmitted from chimpanzee to man (michigan, 1964), the s ... | 1976 | 180303 |
| hepatitis a antigen particles in liver, bile, and stool of chimpanzees. | virus-like hepatitis a antigen (ha ag) particles, presumably hepatitis a virus, were isolated from the liver, bile, and stool of three chimpanzees that had been infected with stool filtrates containing ha ag particles. specimens of serum, stool, liver biopsy material, and bile were obtained at selected intervals during the experiment. the animals developed mild hepatitis 19-21 days after inoculation, and antibody to ha ag appeared de novo in their convalescent-phase serum. during acute illness, ... | 1976 | 181500 |
| antigens and dna of a chimpanzee agent related to epstein-barr virus. | biological and biochemical studies of the herpesvirus of chimpanzees previously demonstrated to be antigenically related to human epstein-barr virus (ebv) indicated that the agent is similar to ebv in that: (i) leukocyte culture of chimpanzees whose sera contained antibody against ebv capsid antigen could yield long-term lymphoblastoid cell lines (ch-lcl) with b-cell characteristics; (ii) the dna of ch-lcl contained sequences homologous to approximately 35 to 45% of human ebv; (iii) ch-lcl conta ... | 1976 | 184297 |
| linkage of the genes for thymidine kinase and galactokinase in the african green monkey and the chimpanzee. | | 1976 | 185024 |
| serum lipid and lipoprotein responses of six nonhuman primate species to dietary changes in cholesterol levels. | the response of serum lipids and lipoproteins to different levels of cholesterol in the diet was studied in chimpanzee (pan troglodytes), rhesus (macaca mulatta), green (cercopithecus aethiops), patas (erythrocebus patas), squirrel (saimiri sciurea) and spider (ateles sp.) monkeys. five animals of each species were fed increasing amounts of dietary cholesterol (0.05% to 1.5% w/w) for 3-week periods; between each experimental diet, the animals were fed a basal diet without cholesterol for a simil ... | 1976 | 186573 |
| oncornavirus-like particles in baboon type c virus-infected chimpanzee lung cells (sfre:cl-1). | intracytoplasmic type a particles were observed in a fetal chimpanzee lung culture (sfre:cl-1) inoculated with type c virus-containing supernatants from a coculture of baboon placenta and sfre:cl-1 cells. budding, immature, and mature type c particles were also noted. in thin section, spike-like structures were rarely detected on budding intracytoplasmic type a particles but were occasionally observed on some immature and mature virus particles. unlike mouse mammary tumor virus or mason-pfizer m ... | 1976 | 186614 |
| linkage of the genes for thymidine kinase and galactokinase in the africian green monkey and the chimpanzee. | | 1976 | 192374 |
| linkage relationship between the genes for thymidine kinase and galactokinase in different primates. | in this study we investigated the expression of primate galactokinase in somatic cell hybrids between a thymidine kinase-deficient mouse cell line and two different primate cell lines, one of which was derived from african green monkey kidney cells and the other from chimpanzee fibroblasts. all the african green monkey-mouse hybrid clones, selected in hat medium, expressed monkey galactokinase activity and contained a monkey chromosome similar to a human e-group chromosome. when these clones wer ... | 1976 | 195352 |
| genetic homology between man and the chimpanzee: syntenic relationships of genes for galactokinase and thymidine kinase and adenovirus-12-induced gaps using chimpanzee-mouse somatic cell hybrids. | the induction by adenovirus-12 of a site-specific gap and assignment of the chimpanzee genes for thymidine kinase and galactokinase were studied by utilizing chimpanzee-mouse hybrid cells. it has been shown that adenovirus-12 induces a specific gap in the long arm of human chromosome 17 (hs 17); with chimpanzee-mouse hybrid cells the specific gap appears on the short arm of the chimpanzee homolog [ptr 19 (hs 17)] of hs 17. this result supports the proposed relationship of hs 17 to ptr 19 (hs 17) ... | 1976 | 195354 |
| confirmation of the assignment of the chimpanzee thymidine kinase and galactokinase genes to chromosome 19. | chimpanzee-mouse hybrid cells were isolated by fusing chimpanzee hgprt- cells and mouse tk- cells. both biochemical and cytologic studies of these hybrid cells and budr resistant cells isolated from them showed that the tk and gak genes are located on the chimpanzee chromosome 19. | 1977 | 195892 |
| transformation of lymphocytes by herpesvirus papio. | cotton-topped (ct) or white-lipped (wl) marmoset lymphocytes were transformed in vitro with herpesvirus papio (hvp) into permanently growing lymphoblastoid cell lines (lcl). five of 9 hvp-transformed ct cell lines contained cells with antigens reacting with antibodies to epstein-barr virus (ebv) capsid antigen (vca) and/or to ebv-induced early antigens (ea). none of 12 wl lcl revealed such antigen-producing cells. cells from both groups of cultures failed to react with antibodies to the ebv-spec ... | 1977 | 197025 |
| studies on human hepatitis a virus in chimpanzees. | | 1977 | 199227 |
| detection of hepatitis a antigen by immunofluorescence. | hepatitis a antigen (ha ag) was demonstrated by immunofluorescence (if) in liver biopsies from chimpanzees with experimental hepatitis a virus infection. blocking experiments with paired sera from patients with hepatitis types a, b, or non-a, non-b, as well as with purified ha ag, showed that the fluorescence was specific for ha ag. ha ag could be demonstrated only in biopsies from chimpanzees inoculated with hepatitis a virus. in two of four chimpanzees biopsied weekly, ha ag could be detected ... | 1977 | 200565 |
| nonhuman primates: laboratory animals of choice for neurophysiologic studies of sleep. | a systematic study was made of several nonhuman primates to learn more about their relative usefulness for studies of sleep. species studied included the guinea baboon (papio papio), kenya or yellow baboon (p cynocephalus), olive baboon (p anubis), sacred baboon (p hamadryas), vervet monkey (cercopithecus aethiops), rhesus monkey (macaca mulatta), bonnet monkey (m radiata), crab-eating monkey (m fascicularis), patas monkey (erythrocebus patas), chimpanzee (pan troglodytes), mongoose lemur (lemur ... | 1977 | 201798 |
| enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of hepatitis a antigen in stool and antibody to hepatitis a antigen in sera: comparison with solid-phase radioimmunoassay, immune electron microscopy, and immune adherence hemagglutination assay. | previously described techniques for detection of hepatitis a antigen (ha ag) and antibody (anti-ha) have required purified ha ag and expensive equipment. herein is described an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for specific detection of ha ag in human stool filtrates and of anti-ha in sera by using selected ha ag-containing human stool filtrates as the antigen source. because human stools often react nonspecifically in serological tests for ha ag, blocking with preexposure and hyperimmun ... | 1978 | 204663 |
| multiple buoyant densities of hepatitis a virus in cesium chloride gradients. | hepatitis a virus (hav) recovered from stools of human cases of hepatitis a and from stools of chimpanzees experimentally infected with hav was shown to possess multiple buoyant densities in cscl gradients. the greatest proportion of hav was most frequently found at a buoyant density of 1.32-1.34 g/cm3, however, large proportions of hav were also frequently found at higher densities, including 1.36-1.37, 1.40-1.42, and 1.45-1.48 g/cm3. these findings are consistent with the notion that hav may b ... | 1977 | 204743 |
| experimental infection of marmosets with hepatitis a virus. | saguinus mystax marmosets were experimentally infected with two strains of human hepatitis a virus. one of these strains of hav was successfully subpassaged in this species of marmosets. in another experiment, the 1.32 and 1.41 g/cm3 buoyant density species of hav derived from an infected chimpanzee stool were shown to be infectious in three species of marmosets. the value of the marmoset as an experimental model for hepatitis a infection was demonstrated by these studies. | 1978 | 205859 |
| human foamy virus: further characterization, seroepidemiology, and relationship to chimpanzee foamy viruses. | a foamy virus present in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma tissue was studied for a number of biological properties, including range of cellular susceptibility, growth curve, evolution of cytopathic effect in relation to cellular fusion and intracellular viral distribution, reverse transcriptase activity, and buoyant density. the virus was also studied immunologically and found to be closely related to the chimpanzee foamy viruses, particularly simian foamy virus type 6, with which it shares common ... | 1978 | 206631 |
| characterization and classification of virus particles associated with hepatitis a. i. size, density, and sedimentation. | virus-like particles were purified from stools of patients in an epidemic of hepatitis a in germany. when reference ms-1 chimpanzee pre-inoculation and convalescent sera were used, the close serological relationship of the purified particles to well-known isolates of hepatitis a could be established. on the other hand, the physicochemical characteristics of the particles were determined in parallel to the characteristics of a marker parvovirus (luiii) and a marker picornavirus (poliovirus type 2 ... | 1978 | 206730 |
| immunofluorescence of hepatitis a virus antigen in chimpanzees. | chimpanzee liver biopsies and necropsy tissues were examined by immunofluorescence for hepatitis a virus antigen. results further indicate that the liver may be the sole site of replication for the virus. | 1978 | 211088 |
| persistent shedding of adenovirus in urine of chimpanzees. | a new adenovirus, designated pan 11, was isolated repeatedly from the urine of several chimpanzees for more than 1 year. one chimpanzee had chronic interstitial nephritis; the others were healthy. most chimpanzees tested had neutralizing antibodies to pan 11 virus in the serum; three people who worked with chimpanzees also acquired antibodies. transplantable rhabdomyosarcomas developed in hamsters inoculated as newborns with pan 11 virus. | 1978 | 213382 |
| varicella-zoster virus immunizes patas monkeys against simian varicella-like disease. | to define further the antigenic relationship between human varicella-zoster virus and herpesviruses which produce varicella-like disease in certain simian species, patas monkeys were inoculated with varicella-zoster virus and then challenged with delta herpesvirus, which uniformly produces severe, clinically apparent disease in susceptible animals. protection against delta herpesvirus was conferred both by hyperimmunization with varicella-zoster virus and by a single immunization with a cell-fre ... | 1979 | 215708 |
| viral type a and type b hepatitis: morphology, biology, immunology and epidemiology--a review. | viral hepatitis is one of the most serious infectious diseases in the united states and is of great concern to the public health agencies, hospitals and research laboratories. progress in our knowledge of this disease has been based on cooperation between specialists in many diverse scientific disciplines employing sophisticated scientific instruments and technics. close cooperation between clinical pathologists and clinicians is of great importance in diagnosis. biologic, immunologic, epidemiol ... | 1976 | 218439 |
| isolation and characterization of hepatitis a virus. | this paper presents current isolation technics of hepatitis a virus (hav) from human and chimpanzee stool, liver, and bile specimens, as well as comparative characterizations of hav buoyant density properties of human and chimpanzee stool-derived particles. in addition, methods designed for the extraction and purification of hav from large samples of stool and liver tissues, including agar gel filtration, are discussed in detail. | 1976 | 218442 |
| lymphocyte activation by the tumor-promoting agent 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (tpa). | tpa, a highly active tumor-promoting agent, is an effective mitogen for primate peripheral blood lymphocytes. optimal stimulation of human lymphocytes was obtained 4 days after the addition of tpa at a concentration of 7.5 ng/ml. lymphocyte fractionation experiments demonstrated that both t and b cells incorporated 3h-thymidine significantly in response to tpa. lymphocyte blastogenesis was not due to the reactivation of latent herpesviruses by the tumor promoter, since similar responses to tpa w ... | 1979 | 221578 |
| simultaneous acute infections with hepatitis a and hepatitis b viruses in a chimpanzee. | the unexpected occurrence of a hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection in a chimpanzee experimentally inoculated with hepatitis a virus (hav) provided an opportunity to examine the course of simultaneous acute infections with both agents. a chimpanzee inoculated intravenously with hav developed elevated levels of aminotransferases in serum, detectable excretion of hepatitis a antigen in feces, and a marked antibody response to hav. during the acute phase of this experimentally induced infection with h ... | 1979 | 221596 |
| coxsackievirus in an infant chimpanzee. | coxsackie b viruses may cause a severe, often fatal, illness in newborn and infant human subjects. as recorded in this case, infant chimpanzees respond similarly to coxsackie b-5 virus. | 1978 | 213604 |
| a new endogenous primate type c virus isolated from the old world monkey colobus polykomos. | a new, genetically transmitted retrovirus has been isolated from the old world monkey colobus polykomos. this virus, designated cpc-1, is readily transmitted to both feline and human cells in culture. nucleic acid hybridization studies reveal that there are 50-70 copies of the cpc-1 genome in colobus cellular dna. related virogene sequences can be detected in the dna of all other old world monkeys, as well as in the dna of at least one ape species, the chimpanzee, indicating that this virus has ... | 1979 | 228275 |
| antibody and cell-mediated immunity to a dna free herpes simplex subunit vaccine. | the immunogenicity of a dna free herpes simplex subunit vaccine was evaluated in chimpanzees and rabbits. the results clearly demonstrate that 1 injection of 3 micrograms/kg elicited antibodies as well as cell-mediated immunity in all the animals studied. these antibodies persisted for at least 6 months. furthermore the vaccine also protected 50% of the animals against an experimental infection and reduced the rate of latent infection in nervous sensory ganglia. | 1979 | 230114 |
| antibodies in urine of chimpanzees with chronic adenoviral viruria. | many chimpanzees have naturally occurring chronic intermittent viruria with an adenovirus of a new type called pan 11. small amounts of neutralizing antibodies to pan 11 adenovirus were found in the urine of chimpanzees. urinary antibodies to adenovirus were mainly of the immunoglobulin g (igg) class with some iga antibodies also present. there was no neutralizing activity in urine against another adenovirus, pan 9, which has been isolated from lymph nodes, but not from urine, of chimpanzees; ho ... | 1978 | 211084 |
| controlled synthesis of hbsag in a differentiated human liver carcinoma-derived cell line. | a significant aspect of primary hepatic carcinoma in man is the high positive correlation of hepatocellular carcinoma with infection with hepatitis b virus (hbv)1. analysis of the relationship between hbv infection and oncogenesis is difficult because natural infection with hbv is limited to man and experimental infection has been achieved only in chimpanzees and gibbons. furthermore, because hbv has not been successfully propagated in cell culture, basic study of virus-cell interaction of the a ... | 1979 | 233137 |