| a new endogenous primate type c virus isolated from the old world monkey colobus polykomos. | a new, genetically transmitted retrovirus has been isolated from the old world monkey colobus polykomos. this virus, designated cpc-1, is readily transmitted to both feline and human cells in culture. nucleic acid hybridization studies reveal that there are 50-70 copies of the cpc-1 genome in colobus cellular dna. related virogene sequences can be detected in the dna of all other old world monkeys, as well as in the dna of at least one ape species, the chimpanzee, indicating that this virus has ... | 1979 | 228275 |
| the chromosomal location of rdna in selected lower primates. | hybridization in stiu was used to identify the chromosomes that carry rdna in representative lower primates, including the baboons, papio cynocephalus and papio hamadryas; the colobus monkey, colobus polykomos; the tree shrew, tupaia glis; the lemur, lemur fulvis; the saki, pithecia pithecia; the marmoset, saguinus nigricollis, and the spider monkey, ateles geoffroyi. the marker chromosome, common to the cercopithecines studied to date, carries the rdna in the baboons. another marker chromosome ... | 1977 | 414888 |
| underbite and the scaling of facial dimensions in colobine monkeys. | this investigation was concerned with the dimensions of the facial skeleton and the incidence of underbite in colobine monkeys. standard craniofacial dimensions and the notation of the presence or absence of underbite were recorded for skulls of 308 adult, wild-caught colobines belonging to 10 species. underbite was noted in all species examined, ranging in frequency from 10% in colobus polykomos to 100% in 2 species of presbytis. univariate statistics indicate that species with high frequencies ... | 1992 | 1427501 |
| stomach fermentation in east african colobus monkeys in their natural state. | the microbial fermentation in the stomachs of two monkeys, colobus polykomos, collected in kenya, was studied. the gas accumulated within the stomach contained h(2) but no ch(4). volatile fatty acid concentrations were high, but accumulated acid prevented determination of the fermentation rate in untreated, incubated stomach contents. upon addition of bicarbonate, a very rapid rate could be demonstrated. some d- and l-lactate were in the stomach contents. starchy seeds or fruits rather than leav ... | 1974 | 4207763 |
| 5'-terminal nucleotide noncoding sequences of retroviruses: relatedness of two old world primate type c viruses and avian spleen necrosis virus. | computer-assisted comparison of the 5'-terminal regions of mammalian type c viruses serves as a useful model of evolutionary divergence of noncoding nucleic acid sequences. it has led to the concept that regions of conserved nucleic acid sequences, the slowly divergent sequences, contain signals of translational, transcriptional, or integrative significance. interspersed among the conserved regions are rapidly divergent sequences in which base changes, insertions, and deletions are especially pr ... | 1981 | 6268813 |
| structural homology of the major internal proteins of endogeneous type c viruses of two distantly related species of old world monkeys: macaca arctoides and colobus polykomos. | | 1981 | 6274085 |
| comparative locomotion and habitat use of six monkeys in the tai forest, ivory coast. | the relationships between locomotion, body size, and habitat use in six sympatric old world monkeys are examined to test whether the associations found are consistent with those demonstrated in previous studies (fleagle and mittermeier [1980] am. j. phys. anthropol. 52:301-314; gebo and chapman [1995] am. j. phys. anthropol. 97:49-76). colobus polykomos, c. badius, c. verus, cercopithecus diana, c. campbelli, and cercocebus atys were studied for 14 months in the ivory coast's tai forest. analyse ... | 1998 | 9584891 |
| partial molecular characterization of two simian immunodeficiency viruses (siv) from african colobids: sivwrc from western red colobus (piliocolobus badius) and sivolc from olive colobus (procolobus verus). | in order to study primate lentivirus evolution in the colobinae subfamily, in which only one simian immunodeficiency virus (siv) has been described to date, we screened additional species from the three different genera of african colobus monkeys for siv infection. blood was obtained from 13 west african colobids, and hiv cross-reactive antibodies were observed in 5 of 10 piliocolobus badius, 1 of 2 procolobus verus, and 0 of 1 colobus polykomos specimens. phylogenetic analyses of partial pol se ... | 2003 | 12477880 |
| repeat expansion in spinocerebellar ataxia type 17 alleles of the tata-box binding protein gene: an evolutionary approach. | the variability and mutational changes of the cag microsatellite in the tata-box binding protein gene (tbp) were studied. we sequenced the microsatellite of the tbp gene of 25 unrelated individuals from northern germany (10 sca17 patients and 15 unaffected control individuals). in addition, the microsatellites were sequenced from individuals of 10 northern german families with at least one family member affected by sca17. to study also the evolutionary history of this cag/caa microsatellite in n ... | 2007 | 17033685 |
| material property variation of mandibular symphyseal bone in colobine monkeys. | the anterior mandibular corpus of anthropoid primates is routinely subjected to masticatory loads that result in relatively high local levels of stress and strain. while structural morphological responses to these loads have been extensively explored, relatively little is known about material property variation in mandibular bone of nonhuman primates. consequently, the role of regional and local variation in bone stiffness in conditioning stress and strain gradients is poorly understood. we samp ... | 2009 | 18946868 |
| dental topography and diets of four old world monkey species. | dental topographic analysis allows comparisons of variably worn teeth within and between species to infer relationships between dental form and diet in living primates, with implications for reconstructing feeding adaptations of fossil forms. although analyses to date have been limited mainly to the m(2)s of a few primate taxa, these suggest that dental topographic analysis holds considerable promise. still, larger samples including a greater range of species and different tooth types are needed ... | 2009 | 19367586 |
| the alarm call system of two species of black-and-white colobus monkeys (colobus polykomos and colobus guereza). | vervet monkey alarm calling has long been the paradigmatic example of how primates use vocalizations in response to predators. in vervets, there is a close and direct relationship between the production of distinct alarm vocalizations and the presence of distinct predator types. recent fieldwork has however revealed the use of several additional alarm calling systems in primates. here, the authors describe playback studies on the alarm call system of two colobine species, the king colobus (colob ... | 2009 | 19450021 |
| reduced stiffness of alveolar bone in the colobine mandible. | alveolar bone has several mechanical functions, including tooth support and accommodation of occlusal and other masticatory forces. its unique functional-mechanical environment is reflected by its structural characteristics, but whether alveolar bone is materially distinct from bone elsewhere in the primate facial skeleton is uncertain. this uncertainty is attributable not only to a limited amount of data but also to conflicting findings among these data. we evaluated elastic modulus variation i ... | 2010 | 21302268 |
| [studies on the dermatoglyphic patterns in the palm and sole of colobus polykomos, colobus badius, colobus verus and nasalis larvatus]. | | 2016 | 4965011 |
| diversity and prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in seven non-human primates of the taï national park, côte d'ivoire. | parasites and infectious diseases are well-known threats to primate populations. the main objective of this study was to provide baseline data on fecal parasites in the cercopithecid monkeys inhabiting côte d'ivoire's taï national park. seven of eight cercopithecid species present in the park were sampled: cercopithecus diana, cercopithecus campbelli, cercopithecus petaurista, procolobus badius, procolobus verus, colobus polykomos, and cercocebus atys. we collected 3142 monkey stool samples betw ... | 2015 | 25619957 |
| lack of evidence of simian immunodeficiency virus infection among nonhuman primates in taï national park, côte d'ivoire: limitations of noninvasive methods and siv diagnostic tools for studies of primate retroviruses. | it is now well established that the human immunodeficiency viruses, hiv-1 and hiv-2, are the results of cross-species transmissions of simian immunodeficiency viruses (siv) naturally infecting nonhuman primates in sub-saharan africa. sivs are found in many african primates, and humans continue to be exposed to these viruses by hunting and handling primate bushmeat. sooty mangabeys (cercocebus atys) and western red colobus (piliocolobus badius badius) are infected with siv at a high rate in the t ... | 2011 | 23950618 |
| spatial variation in mandibular bone elastic modulus and its effect on structural bending stiffness: a test case using the taï forest monkeys. | we investigated how heterogeneity in material stiffness affects structural stiffness in the cercopithecid mandibular cortical bone. we assessed (1) whether this effect changes the interpretation of interspecific structural stiffness variation across four primate species, (2) whether the heterogeneity is random, and (3) whether heterogeneity mitigates bending stress in the jaw associated with food processing. | 2017 | 27858979 |
| humeral correlates of forelimb elevation in four west african cercopithecid monkeys. | we previously found that differing degrees of forelimb flexion, elevation, and abduction during nonlocomotor foraging activities covaried with scapular morphology among four sympatric cercopithecids. the purpose of this study is to investigate whether features of the proximal humerus are similarly related to forelimb elevation during foraging. | 2017 | 27804125 |
| bone remodeling is reduced in high stress regions of the cercopithecoid mandible. | independent lines of evidence suggest that osteonal bone remodeling is a function of both mechanical (i.e., changes in stress) and non-mechanical (i.e., metabolic needs related to calcium liberation) factors. the degree to which secondary bone reflects mechanical factors, however, is incompletely understood despite the common assumption that the stress environment mediates remodeling activity. here, we investigate whether there are remodeling differences between regions of primate mandibular bon ... | 2016 | 27348341 |
| scapular morphology and forelimb use during foraging in four sympatric cercopithecids. | most investigations of primate scapular morphology use differences in locomotion to explain variation; less is known about how scapular geometry covaries with nonlocomotor behavior. we examined forelimb use during foraging in 4 cercopithecids ranging throughout the ivory coast's tai forest. during 5-min feeding bouts, we recorded the frequency individuals of piliocolobus badius, colobus polykomos, cercocebus atys and cercopithecus diana performed 5 forelimb behaviors involved in the acquisition ... | 2015 | 26745141 |
| mandibular bone mineral density variation in three west african cercopithecoid monkey species: associations with diet and feeding behavior. | procolobus badius, colobus polykomos, and cercocebus atys are three west african primate species known to have distinctive feeding behaviors. our objectives were (1) to test whether intra-taxon variation in bone mineral content exists between anterior and posterior regions of the mandible and (2) to determine if interspecific differences are interpretable via feeding and dietary idiosyncracies among the three taxa. | 2015 | 26431828 |
| feeding and oral processing behaviors of two colobine monkeys in tai forest, ivory coast. | we collected frequency data on oral processing behaviors during feeding in habituated groups of western red colobus, piliocolobus badius, and western black and white, colobus polykomos, ranging in the ivory coast's tai national park. during the sampling period, the diet of red colobus consisted of approximately 75% leaves compared to approximately 47% leaves and buds in black and white colobus. black and white colobus chewed more frequently per ingestive event than did red colobus. black and whi ... | 2016 | 26202093 |
| dental wear among cercopithecid monkeys of the taï forest, côte d'ivoire. | studies of dental macrowear can be useful for understanding masticatory and ingestive behavior, life history, and for inferring dietary information from the skeletal material of extinct and extant primates. such studies to date have tended to focus on one or two teeth, potentially missing information that can be garnered through examination of wear patterns across the tooth row. our study measured macrowear in the postcanine teeth of three sympatric cercopithecid species from the taï forest, côt ... | 2013 | 23446988 |
| absence of frequent herpesvirus transmission in a nonhuman primate predator-prey system in the wild. | emergence of viruses into the human population by transmission from nonhuman primates (nhps) represents a serious potential threat to human health that is primarily associated with the increased bushmeat trade. transmission of rna viruses across primate species appears to be relatively frequent. in contrast, dna viruses appear to be largely host specific, suggesting low transmission potential. herein, we use a primate predator-prey system to study the risk of herpesvirus transmission between dif ... | 2013 | 23885068 |
| metric variability in the anterior dentition of african colobines. | the anterior dentition of three species of african colobines (colobus polykomos, c. badius, and c. verus) was investigated metrically and the results analyzed for three characters: (1)intraspecific tooth size relations, (2)sexual dimorphism, and (3)interspecific relations. based on incisor size sequences c. polykomos and c. badius appear to be more closely related to each other than either is to c. verus. however, incorporating the results of a previous study on postcanine dentition the three sp ... | 1976 | 822727 |
| contribution to the ecology of colobus polykomos satanas (waterhouse, 1838) of rio muni, republic of equatorial guinea. | | 1973 | 4201909 |
| enamel chipping in taï forest cercopithecids: implications for diet reconstruction in paleoanthropological contexts. | antemortem enamel chipping in living and fossil primates is often interpreted as evidence of hard-object feeding (i.e., 'durophagy'). laboratory analyses of tooth fracture have modeled the theoretical diets and loading conditions that may produce such chips. previous chipping studies of nonhuman primates tend to combine populations into species samples, despite the fact that species can vary significantly in diet across their ranges. chipping is yet to be analyzed across population-specific spec ... | 2020 | 32179368 |
| the influence of leaping frequency on secondary bone in cercopithecid primates. | bone remodeling is at least partially mediated by the mechanical environment created by an animal's behavior. here, we test the hypothesis that bone remodeling is primarily induced by high magnitude loads, likely encountered during leaping/bounding behaviors. osteon population density (opd), osteon cross-sectional area (on.ar), and relative osteonal area (%hav) were measured from femoral and humeral midshaft thin sections of four cercopithecids (n = 5 per species) from taï forest, côte d'ivoire: ... | 2019 | 30369075 |
| low antibody prevalence against bacillus cereus biovar anthracis in taï national park, côte d'ivoire, indicates high rate of lethal infections in wildlife. | bacillus cereus biovar anthracis (bcbva) is a member of the b. cereus group which carries both b. anthracis virulence plasmids, causes anthrax-like disease in various wildlife species and was described in several sub-saharan african rainforests. long-term monitoring of carcasses in taï national park, côte d'ivoire, revealed continuous wildlife mortality due to bcbva in a broad range of mammalian species. while non-lethal anthrax infections in wildlife have been described for b. anthracis, nothin ... | 2017 | 28934219 |
| primate occurrence across a human-impacted landscape in guinea-bissau and neighbouring regions in west africa: using a systematic literature review to highlight the next conservation steps. | west african landscapes are largely characterised by complex agroforest mosaics. although the west african forests are considered a nonhuman primate hotspot, knowledge on the distribution of many species is often lacking and out-of-date. considering the fast-changing nature of the landscapes in this region, up-to-date information on primate occurrence is urgently needed, particularly of taxa such as colobines, which may be more sensitive to habitat modification than others. understanding wildlif ... | 2018 | 29844988 |