| two cholesterol ester hydrolases. distribution in rat tissues and in cultured human fibroblasts and monkey arterial smooth muscle cells. | hydrolytic activity against acetone-dispersed 4-14ccholesterol oleate has been assayed as a function of ph in seven parenchymal tissues, blood cells, and plasma of the rat, as well as in cultured human fibroblasts and monkey (macaca nemestrina) arterial smooth muscle cells. both acid and neutral hydrolytic activities were present in all of these except rat plasma. the ph optima were in all cases close to ph 4.5 and ph 6.8. acid activity was quite constant from tissue to tissue, while neutral act ... | 1977 | 20148 |
| development of visual acuity in infant monkeys (macaca nemestrina) during the early postnatal weeks. | | 1978 | 96592 |
| observations on acute gastric dilatation in nonhuman primates. | in the years 1967-1977 we diagnosed 23 cases of acute gastric dilatation in monkeys. fourteen of these animals were macaca mulatta, five macaca fascicularis, and one each of macaca nemestrina, aotus trivirgatus, saimiri sciureus, and colobus guereza. fourteen of the animals were males, nine were females, and all were adults or subadults. mortality was 78% (18 of 23 animals). thirteen of the animals had received on anesthetic, immobilizing, or tranquilizing drug 1-2 days before developing acute g ... | 1978 | 98666 |
| luteinizing hormone regulation in the monkey (macaca nemestrina): failure of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone to block the estrogen-induced gonadotropin surge. | | 1978 | 99185 |
| physiological correlates of maternal separation in surrogate-reared infants: a study in altered attachment bonds. | three pigtail infant monkeys (macaca nemestrina) were separated from their mothers shortly after birth and raised in social isolation on cloth surrogates. at about 24 weeks of age they were surgically implanted with multichannel biotelemetry systems. following the collection of baseline behavioral and physiological data, the cloth surrogates were removed for 4 days, then returned. the behavioral and physiological (heart rate, body temperature, sleep patterns) reaction to separation from the surr ... | 1978 | 99340 |
| circadian activity rhythms of the pig-tailed macaque, macaca nemestrina, under constant illumination. | locomotor activity was recorded in singly caged pig-tailed macaques macaca nemestrina in constant conditions with intensities of illumination varying between 0.003 lux and 100 lux. each animal was kept in at least 5 different conditions for 2-3 weeks each. three quantities of the circadian rhythm: the period, the duration of activity as opposed to rest, and the amount of activity per period, could be shown to be positively correlated with light intensity. as in 6 other diurnal primate species, t ... | 1978 | 100764 |
| cardiovascular and respiratory effects of carotid body stimulation in the monkey. | 1. the carotid bodies were stimulated in the anaesthetized pig-tailed macaque monkey (m. nemestrina) using (i) brief injections of cyanide or co2-equilibrated bicarbonate solution into a common carotid artery, and (ii) longer perfusion with hypoxic hypercapnic blood in vascularly isolated chemoreceptor preparations. 2. in spontaneously breathing animals brief stimuli (thirty-one tests, seven monkeys) consistently increased pulmonary ventilation (by 97 +/- 10% of control), slowed the heart rate ( ... | 1978 | 103667 |
| evaluation of polymer flock and metal alloy intra-tubal device in pigtail monkeys. | two intratubal devices, one covered with a flock made from ethylene vinyl acetate and the other constructed of titanium-aluminum-vanadium alloy with an etched surface were evaluated after being placed in the fallopian tubes of pigtail monkeys. in some instances, the devices were medicated with 10% silver nitrate or 50% quinacrine hydrochloride. the microflock device anchored in the tube mechanically, but there is no evidence that either the polymeric or metal alloy device formed an actual attach ... | 1978 | 103682 |
| cardiac arrhythmias in infant pigtail monkeys following maternal separation. | | 1979 | 106434 |
| experimental and postexperimental response to anteriorly directed extraoral force in young macaca nemestrina. | an anteriorly directed extraoral force was applied to the maxillas of four healthy young m. nemestrina monkeys. experimental, retention, and postretention alterations were evaluated through a combination of cephalometric, histologic, and gross techniques. in view of the results of the present study, the following conclusions can be made: 1. skeletal remodeling occurs in all circummaxillary sutures following the application of an anteriorly directed extraoral force to the maxilla. the amount of r ... | 1979 | 107808 |
| aging model for unexposed human dermis. | young human dermis is charterized by the presence of many fibroblasts with distended endoplasmic reticulum, extensive golgi bodies, and orderly and "clean"-appearing groundwork. older dermis contains inactive fibrocytes with lipofuscin-like granules, macrophages with dense granules, and extracellular spaces with evidence of degeneration. we have found the sex skin of cycling pigtail macaques (macaca nemestrina) a predictable model for studies on aging changes in human dermis. swollen sex skin ha ... | 1979 | 109542 |
| experimental neurogenic bladder disorder in non-human primates. | these studies indicate that the monkey macaca nemestrina provides a suitable model to evaluate the neurological mechanism of micturition. this animal has a sacral spinal center for micturition whereby the classification of primary patterns of neurogenic disorder into spinal reflex after suprasacral spinal cord section and autonomous after cauda equina section is validated. attempts at dissociation of the spinal and vesical neurons by section of the cauda equina were characterized generally by ra ... | 1978 | 111389 |
| relative quantitation of monoamine histofluorescence in young and old non-human primates. | the relative content of monoamines within identified brain stem neurons in 4 and 20-year old monkeys (macaca nemestrina) was determined with microspectrofluorometric techniques. intraneuronal monoamine content was found to decrease with age in the locus coeruleus, substantia nigra and raphe and was found to be reduced further in the locus coeruleus by the presence of lipofuscin granules. these data indicate that intraneuronal monoamine content is reduced in the aged macaque. | 1978 | 111478 |
| thinning of capillary walls and declining numbers of endothelial mitochondria in the cerebral cortex of the aging primate, macaca nemestrina. | samples were obtained from the frontal and occipital cortex of macaque monkeys at 4, 10 and 20 years of age. electron microscopic studies revealed attenuation of capillary walls and declining numbers of endothelial mitochondria per capillary profile with increasing age. the basal lamina surrounding the capillary increased in thickness between 4 and 10 years of age; however, it did not undergo further change between 10 and 20 years. these results corroborate morphological and biochemical studies ... | 1979 | 112144 |
| lung development in the fetal primate macaca nemestrina. iii. hmd. | delivery of m. nemestrina at 80% of normal gestation provides a population of neonates at high risk for hyaline membrane disease (hmd). the diagnosis of hmd was made by the presence of reticulogranular densities and air bronchograms on chest radiographs. patchy atelectasis was seen in the lungs of animals assigned by clinical and radiographic criteria to the hmd group and not in the normal lungs of animals matched for gestational and postnatal age. total phospholipid and phosphatidylcholine in w ... | 1979 | 112570 |
| bilateral inguinal hernia in a pig-tailed monkey (macaca nemestrina). | a pig-tailed monkey developed bilateral inguinal hernias following escape from its cage and subsequent recapture. the hernias were surgically repaired and the monkey recovered. | 1979 | 116075 |
| conduction velocity of the ulnar nerve, length of the forearm and body weight as correlates of gestational age in the infant pigtail macaque. | the conduction velocity of peripheral nerves is an indication of their growth. ulnar nerve conduction velocity, forearm length, postpartum age and weight were measured in 25 monkeys (macaca nemestrina) to determine the best way to estimate gestational age. correlation analysis showed that while conduction velocity is strongly correlated with gestational age (r = 0.68), both forearm length (r = 0.91) and weight (r = 0.94) are more strongly correlated. of the three simple measurements made, weight ... | 1979 | 120440 |
| nocturnal sleep in separated monkey infants. | nocturnal sleep was recorded from ten unrestrained, group-living macaca nemestrina (pigtail) monkey infants, using implantable multichannel biotelemetry systems, during the agitation-depression behavioral reaction that follows maternal separation. sleep disturbances during the four nights of separation were characterized by decreases in rapid eye movement (rem) time and in the number of rem periods, and increases in rem latency. time awake and number of arousals were increased. slow-wave sleep w ... | 1978 | 211985 |
| development of vision in infant primates. | a systematic programme of research on the development of spatial vision (acuity and contrast-sensitivity functions or csfs) in human and macaque monkey infants (macaca nemestrina) is described. a forced-choice preferential looking technique has been used to follow the development of acuity in both species. acuity development is similar across the two species, with the infant monkeys progressing about four times faster than the human infants. operant conditioning has been used to trace the develo ... | 1979 | 298809 |
| protein-energy malnutrition in infant non-human primates (macaca nemestrina). i. correlation of biochemical changes with fine structural alterations in the liver. | male infant pigtail monkeys (macaca nemestrina) aged 6-9 months and born in captivity were fed restricted amount of either an adequate protein diet (20% casein) or a protein-deficient diet (2% casein). after 3-5 months of receiving the low protein containing diet, ultrastructural evaluation of hepatic parenchymal cells revealed extensive fatty metamorphosis, marked fragmentation and vesiculation of the rough endoplasmic reticulum, some evidence of distension of the nuclear membrane, variable deg ... | 1977 | 402145 |
| teratogenic effects of retinoic acid in pigtail monkeys (macaca nemestrina). i. general features. | daily oral administration of 10 mg/kg retinoic acid to pregnant macaca nemestrina monkeys on days 20 to 44 resulted in a high frequency of craniofacial and musculoskeletal malformations. craniofacial defects including cleft palate and anomalies of the prinna were common as were ectrodactyly, kyphosis, and muscular-joint contractures. transposition of the great vessels of the heart occurred in one animal and polycystic kidney and associated urogenital anomalies in another. shorter treatment perio ... | 1977 | 402705 |
| visual acuity and behavior of monocularly deprived monkeys after retinal lesions. | one eyelid of each of three macaca nemestrina monkeys was sutured shut at 3 weeks of age. one animal had the central 10 degrees of the open eye retina lesioned at 3 weeks of age (el1), a second at 9 months of age (ll1), and the third had no lesion (md1). after a reverse suture at 9 months of age, the deprived eye was tested for grating acuity, visual behavior, and visual field. el1 tested positively on all behavioral tasks by 1 month and showed good visual ability to negotiate a playroom but nev ... | 1977 | 404271 |
| sex hormones correlated with sex skin swelling and rectal temperature during the menstrual cycle of the pigtail macaque (macaca nemestrina). | daily measurement of serum luteinizing hormone, estradiol-17beta, and progesterone were made during the menstrual cycle in nine pigtail macaques (macaca nemestrina). all data were normalized to the day of the luteinizing hormone peak. serum estradiol-17beta increased from approximately 100 pg/ml during the early follicular phase to 442 +/- 156 pg/ml during the maximum midcycle concomitant with the luteinizing hormone peak, and a small increase in serum estradiol-17beta was observed during the lu ... | 1977 | 404463 |
| development of neurons in the visual cortex (area 17) of the monkey (macaca nemestrina): a golgi study from fetal day 127 to postnatal maturity. | the morphological maturation of several varieties of neurons of cortical area 17 have been followed in golgi rapid preparations from macaque monkeys ranging in age from fetal day 127 to maturity. a developmental sequence common to all varieties of neuron is described. maturation occurs at the same rate at all cortical depths and appears to relate to the size of the neuron rather than to factors such as generation time, arrival at a final laminar position or cell type. the characteristic laminar ... | 1977 | 410850 |
| assessment of obesity in pigtailed monkeys (macaca nemestrina). | obesity was studied in a colony of 873 macaca nemestrina to establish tools for epidemiologic studies, to examine a genetic form of obesity, to document age/sex relationships to obesity, and to compare metabolic profiles of obese and normal monkeys. age/weight growth curves were analyzed to select the most obese monkeys and age- and sex-matched normal controls. degree of adiposity was determined using tritiated water for estimation of lean body mass. body weight, anterior trunk height, and abdom ... | 1977 | 410939 |
| nocturnal sleep in isolation-reared monkeys: evidence for enviromental independence. | thirteen all-night recordings were obtained from 3 infant pigtailed (macaca nemestrina) monkeys raised on a cloth surrogate mother and under conditions of social isolation. totally implantable biotelemetry systems were used to record the sleep physiology from the unrestrained animals. sleep stages and night-to-night variability were virtually identical to values previously found in 8 mother-reared group-living infants. sustained alterations in the early rearing enviroment, even though considerab ... | 1977 | 413757 |
| cardiovascular-respiratory reflex interactions between carotid bodies and upper-airways receptors in the monkey. | the carotid bodies were stimulated in the anesthetized pig-tailed macaque monkey (macaca nemestrina) using i) brief injections of cyanide or co2-equilibrated bicarbonate solution into a common carotid artery, and ii) longer perfusion with hypoxic hypercapnic blood in vascularly isolated chemoreceptor preparations. in spontaneously breathing animals, brief stimulations of the chemoreceptors consistently caused an increase in pulmonary ventilation, bradycardia, and an increase in femoral vascular ... | 1978 | 415620 |
| blood groups of pig-tailed macaques (macaca nemestrina). | the human-type a-b-o blood groups of 57 pig-tailed macaques (macaca nemestrina) were determined and the calculated gene frequencies, o = 0.8908, a = 0.0825 and b = 0.0267, gave excellent fit with the hypothesis of inheritance by triple allelic genes. in tests for simian-type blood groups with rhesus, baboon and crab-eating macaque immune antisera, it was shown that the red cells of pig-tailed macaques are polymorphic for several simian-type specificities defined by those cross-reacting sera. pig ... | 1978 | 416724 |
| astigmatism and acuity in two primate infants. | the development of grating acuity was followed in two astigmatic primate infants, one a human being and one a pigtail macaque monkey. both infants showed variations of acuity with grating orientation, predictable from the orientation and type of astigmatism present. optical correction of the human infant during testing virtually eliminated the variation of acuity with orientation, suggesting that a neurally based meridional amblyopia had not yet been established. | 1978 | 417041 |
| ossification in the hand and foot of the macaque (macaca nemistrina). i. general features. | the appearance of the secondary centers of ossification was investigated in hand and foot radiographs of 112 fetal and neonatal macaca nemestrina and a maturational index calculated using a scoring system that differentiated between the initial and later stages of ossification. cumulative incremental curves of skeletal maturation, constructed by plotting the maturational indices against gestational age, demonstrated three distinct periods of ossification: the first acceleration when primary cent ... | 1978 | 418690 |
| a cephalometric and histologic study of the cranial base in foetal monkeys, macaca nemestrina. | | 1978 | 418754 |
| complete sequence of the gamma chain from the fetal hemoglobin of the baboon, papio cynocephalus. | the amino acid sequence of the hemoglobin gamma chain from a baboon, papio cynocephalus, was determined by automated sequencing of the intact chain and six fragments generated by specific clevage reactions. the existence of structural heterogeneity at position 75, where both valyl and isoleucyl residues were found, is suggestive of the presence of nonallelic v gamma- and i gamma-chain genes in this species, and further emphasizes the extent to which the genetic basis of hemoglobin production amo ... | 1979 | 511581 |
| activity patterns in a gelada monkey group. | diurnal, temperature and weather influence on the activity profiles of a gelada monkey group were compared to similar data previously reported for pigtail monkeys. each of these variables influenced gelada behavior and many effects similar to those reported for pigtails were noted. females were once again more active in agonistic, sexual and grooming patterns. the one male units of gelada groups influenced many activity patterns, and the special role of bachelor males as a focus for immature ani ... | 1975 | 806510 |
| effect of varying ratios of fat and protein in fiber-free semisynthetic diets on fecal output of pig-tailed monkeys (macaca nemestrina). | the effect of varying the ratios of dietary fat, protein and carbohydrate on the amount and composition of fecal output was studied in adult, male pig-tailed monkeys (macaca nemestrina) fed liquid, fiber-free semisynthetic diets. the dietary nitrogen was supplied as an enzymatic protein hydrolyzate (biological value = 86%), the fat as corn oil, and the carbohydrate as corn syrup solids. vitamins and minerals were added to meet the nutritional requirements of this monkey. nine diets were fed for ... | 1975 | 811108 |
| trichromacy in normally reared and light deprived infant monkeys (macaca nemestrina). | | 1975 | 812256 |
| genetic aspects of quantitative variation in the carbonic anhydrases of the pig-tailed macaque, macaca nemestrina. i. response to thyroxine. | effects of thyroxine on incorporation of l-serine-c14 into four carbonic anhydrase isozymes (ca ii, ca ia, ca ib, ca ic) and hemoglobin were quantified in reticulocytes of macaca nemestrian in vitro. response to thyroxine differed significantly between ca ia and two allelic variants (ca ib and ca ic) and the nonallelic isozyme (ca ii). the effects of thyroxine on serine incorporation into hemoglobin and three of the carbonic anhydrase isozymes were shown to be nonlinear with thyroxine concentrat ... | 1975 | 812487 |
| aggression in captive pigtail monkey groups: effects of provision of cover. | to assess the influence of provision of "cover" on aggressive behavior in captive nonhuman primate groups, concrete cylinders were introduced into rooms in which six groups of pigtail monkeys resided. basal incidence of aggression was measured prior to introduction of the cylinders and during their presence in the rooms. four groups, which underwent little or no change in group composition during the study, exhibited substantially less aggression when cover was available than when it was not. mo ... | 1976 | 815877 |
| variability of skin temperature in the waking monkey. | temperatures of the brain, skin, and nasal mucosa were recorded along with the cortical electroencephalogram (eeg) in chaired, conscious pigtail monkeys at 25 degrees c air temperature. in undisturbed animals, skin temperatures ranged from 34 to 37 degrees c. when the animal was alerted by visual or auditory stimuli, temperatures on the extremities, tail, nose, ears, and nasal mucosa dropped rapidly to 22-29 degrees c. temperatures on the proximal limbs and trunk and most of the head remained st ... | 1976 | 816208 |
| plasma cholesterol levels in macaca nemestrina fed cholesterol-free, polyunsaturated diets. | mean plasma cholesterol levels of a group of male, adult pig-tailed monkeys (macaca nemestrina) fed cholesterol-free, semisynthetic diets with a high polyunsaturated to saturated fat ratio were found to range from 27-79 mg/dl. all plasma cholesterol values found were much lower than for m nemestrina fed commercial food. | 1976 | 817082 |
| morphology of the retina and dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus in dark-reared monkeys (macaca nemestrina). | | 1976 | 821250 |
| visual acuity and visual responsiveness in dark-reared monkeys (macaca nemestrina). | | 1976 | 821251 |
| effect of carbidopa on the metabolism of l-dopa in the pigtail monkey. | | 1976 | 821489 |
| identification, classification and anatomical segregation of cells with x-like and y-like properties in the lateral geniculate nucleus of old-world primates. | 1. all the cells (158) that we studied in the lateral geniculate nuclei of macaca nemestrina and macaca irus could be distinguished as either x-like or y-like on the basis of their responses to tests developed to classify cat retinal and lateral geniculate nucleus cells. these tests include responses to stationary spots, fast moving wands and moving gratings. 2. response latencies to electrical stimulation of the optic chiasm were determined for 130 cells; no x-like cell showed a latency shorter ... | 1976 | 822151 |
| cortical and subcortical visual evoked potential correlates of reaction time in monkeys. | the relationships between reaction time (rt) and evoked potentials were investigated in three monkeys (macaca nemestrina) during the performance of a simultaneous brightness discrimination task. evoked potentials from the lateral geniculate, medial and inferior pulvinar, midbrain reticular formation, hippocampus, and striate and prestriate cortex were recorded concurrently with rt in response to the discriminative stimuli. an early component of the geniculate response and a late positive wave in ... | 1976 | 823182 |
| activity patterns in a sooty mangabey group. | diurnal, temperature and weather influences on the activity profiles of a sooty mangabey group were compared to similar data previously reported for geladas and pigtail monkeys. distinct behavioral profiles for each group were obtained despite the near identity of living conditions. mangabey patterns in captivity appeared very similar to those reported for mangabeys in the wild. sexually dimorphic behavioral patterns were demonstrated as well as the independence of several social orders. infant ... | 1976 | 824181 |
| acquisition by a pigtail macaque of behavior patterns beyond the natural repertoire of the species. | a female macaca nemestrina was toilet trained at the age of 8 months and has learned to control urination at will. giving is used by the monkey as a means of social manipulation but never in an altruistic context. an analysis of the constraints on learning to control elimination and to give in nonhuman primates shows that only certain components of these behaviors are contraprepared. a hypothesis for the origin of giving in hominids is proposed, and attention is drawn to the opportunity for stud ... | 1976 | 827142 |
| abortifacient effects of prostaglandin e2 in the pigtailed macaque (macaca nemestrina). | 15(s)15-methyl-prostaglandin e2 was evaluated for abortifacient effects at various stages of pregnancy in five macaca nemestrina. despite its reported effectiveness in inducing abortions in human beings, it was concluded that this compound is not appropriate for collecting fetal material of known gestational age for morphologic and histologic examinations. | 1975 | 830037 |
| 5-ht-and norepinephrine-induced release of ach from the thalamus and mesencephalon of the monkey during thermoregulation. | in the unanesthetized pigtailed monkey (macaca nemestrina), trained to sit in a primate chair, the body temperature was monitored from the brain and colon. after an array of guide tubes had been implanted stereotaxically, isolated sits within the thalamus and mesencephalon were perfused by means of a push-pull cannula system. the perfusate was an artificial csf containing 1.0 mug/ml of the anticholinesterase, neostigmine; each sample of effluent was assayed for the content of acetylcholine (ach) ... | 1975 | 1111826 |
| selected blood values for macaca nemestrina fed semipurified fiber-free liquid diets. | selected plasma chemistry and hematologic data were obtained from 8 pig-tailed monkeys fed semipurified fiber-free liquid diets for a prolonged period of time. no significant differences were noted from reported values of pig-tailed monkeys fed solid foods except for a slightly higher level of total plasma protein and globulins. | 1975 | 1142729 |
| intraspecific red cell enzyme variation in the pigtailed macaque (macaca nemestrina). | the erythrocytes of 350 pigtailed macaques (macaca nemestrina) were examined for electrophoretic variation of hemoglobin and 26 enzymes. seven enzymes showed variation in more than 1% of individuals: phosphoglucose isomerase, phosphoglucomutase-1, soluble nadp-dependent isocitric dehydrogenase, peptidase a, peptidase c, 2,3-diphosphoglycerate mutase, and acid phosphatase. variation with lesser frequency was found in soluble glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase, phosphoglycerate kinase, lactic dehydr ... | 1975 | 1147887 |
| nursing behavior of infant pigtail monkeys (macaca nemestrina): preferences for nipples. | nursing behavior of 56 singleton infant pigtail monkeys (macaca nemestrina) was monitored. infants over 1 mo. of age showed strong preferences for one of their mothers' nipples, while few infants less than 1 mo. old did so. the infants which had the lowest birthweights for each sex showed no clear preference even though they were older than 1 mo. a trend toward lateral preference (for the right nipple) was identical for male and female infants. analysis of the development of preference for nippl ... | 1975 | 1178331 |
| factors associated with intestinal amyloidosis in pigtailed macaques (macaca nemestrina). | factors associated with intestinal amyloidosis in pigtailed macaques (macaca nemestrina) were studied in 74 cases at the washington regional primate research center. the medical records of monkeys during the 5-year period from 1983 to 1988 were analyzed to determine the age at death, age at first episode of diarrhea, number of episodes of diarrhea, episode and cumulative duration of diarrhea, and etiologies of diarrhea. univariate analysis, using one control for each case, indicated that only ep ... | 1992 | 1434493 |
| quantitative mri of the prostate and uterus in monkeys. | quantitative mri has been carried out in the prostate, seminal vesicles, uterus, and ovaries in the pig-tailed monkey, macaca nemestrina. t2-weighted, fat-suppressed, multislice experiments were performed at 2.35 t. eight males, 14 ovariectomized females, and 20 intact females were studied. in the prostate, the caudal and cranial lobe were readily distinguished since the latter had a longer t2 value. for all tissues and organs, interanimal variations were large (up to 12-fold variation in volume ... | 1992 | 1435224 |
| uncommon campylobacter species in infant macaca nemestrina monkeys housed in a nursery. | studies were conducted to characterize 18 isolates of campylobacter spp. that could not be identified as either campylobacter jejuni or c. coli. the isolates were cultured from specimens from 13 of 18 infant nonhuman primates during a prospective epidemiologic study reported previously. phenotypic tests, dna hybridization, and analysis of dna coding for rrna identified the isolates as c. butzleri (seven isolates), c. hyointestinalis (seven isolates), and c. fetus subsp. fetus or c. fetus subsp. ... | 1992 | 1452677 |
| infection of rhesus and cynomolgus macaques with a rapidly fatal siv (sivsmm/pbj) isolate from sooty mangabeys. | a variant of simian immunodeficiency virus (sivsmm/pbj), isolated from a chronically infected pig-tailed macaque has been shown in previous studies to produce acutely fatal disease uniformly in pig-tailed macaques and in some rhesus macaques. the present study extends investigation of sivsmm/pbj pathogenesis in rhesus and cynomolgus monkeys. cynomolgus and rhesus macaques were found to be uniformly susceptible to infection, but as previously reported, the rhesus were found to not be uniform in t ... | 1992 | 1457209 |
| the neurons in the primate subthalamic nucleus: a golgi and electron microscopic study. | in golgi preparations of the adult monkey (macaca mulatta) local interneurons and two varieties of principal neurons, radiating and elongated fusiform, are found in the subthalamic nucleus. the cell bodies of the radiating neurons have a few delicate, somatic spines some of which are occasionally bilobed and trilobed. five to eight dendritic trunks give rise to branching, tapering dendrites, which may extend for over 400 microns. these dendrites are much thinner than the dendrites in the globus ... | 1976 | 819471 |
| [changes in nucleotide dna structure and adhesive properties of blood leukocytes in early period after irradiation of animals]. | postirradiation changes of adhesive properties and supercoiled nucleoid dna structure of blood leukocytes were studied in macaca nemestrina and in rats. the dynamics of membrane changes demonstrated a temporary increase of the leukocyte adherence 24 h after nonlethal irradiation of rats, followed by a decrease of this parameter to normal levels on h 48. after lethal irradiation of both animal species the increase in adhesive leukocytes fraction was shown already on hr 3. this higher index was ob ... | 1992 | 1477372 |
| functional variations in the ultrastructure of the thyroid gland in malnourished infant monkeys. | healthy male pigtail monkeys (macaca nemestrina) were procured at the age of 6-9 months, and fed either a 20 percent casein diet or a diet containing 2 percent casein as the sole source of protein. after 3-5 months, the malnourished monkeys developed many features usually associated with the clinical syndrome of marasmic kwashiorkor as seen in socioeconomically underpriviledged societies. ultrastructural evaluation of thyroid gland revealed that dietary protein-calorie deficiency produced marked ... | 1975 | 803771 |
| heart rate and body temperature in separated monkey infants. | heart rate (hr) and body temperature (bt) were recorded from ten unrestrained group-living m. nemestrina (pigtail) monkey infants, using totally implantable multichannel biotelemetry systems, during a 4-day base line (preseparation) period, during the agitation-depression reaction accompanying 4 days of maternal separation, and for several days following reunion with the mother. quantified behavioral data were collected in nine of the ten infants. mean daytime (1000 to 1600 hr) and nightime (220 ... | 1978 | 414796 |
| disturbance of delayed match-to-sample in macaques by tetanization of anterior commissure versus limbic system or basal ganglia. | three pig-tailed macaques were trained to select ("match") from a pair of colored images that which they had seen ("sample") and responded to 5--15 s previously. the anterior commissure (ac) and/or its radiation, various loci in basal ganglia, hippocampal formation and "control" areas, (splenium of corpus callosum, precentral gyrus, insular cortex), totalling 40 loci, were each tetanized for 4 s during presentation of the "sample" image, during the delay period, or when the monkey was required t ... | 1979 | 118045 |
| infection of macaca nemestrina by human immunodeficiency virus type-1. | after observations that macaca nemestrina were exceptionally susceptible to simian immunodeficiency virus and human immunodeficiency virus type-2 (hiv-2), studies of hiv-1 replication were initiated. several strains of hiv-1, including a recent patient isolate, replicated in vitro in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmcs) and in cd4-positive m. nemestrina lymphocytes in a cd4-dependent fashion. eight animals were subsequently inoculated with either cell-associated or cell-free suspensions of ... | 1992 | 1621083 |
| method for detection of simian immunodeficiency virus neutralizing antibodies using a noncommercial antigen capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | a neutralization test (nt) using a noncommercial antigen capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) to detect simian immunodeficiency virus (siv) growth in vitro was developed. the capture antibody was a mixture of purified macaque anti-siv immunoglobulin g (igg) and a monoclonal antibody to siv p27. captured antigens were detected by using purified macaque anti-siv igg conjugated to horseradish peroxidase. the nt reliably and sensitively detected differences when various amounts of siv w ... | 1992 | 1624558 |
| coding of incremental changes in skin temperature by single warm fibers in the monkey. | 1. experiments were designed to answer the question: how well does a single warm fiber innervating the glabrous skin of the monkey's hand resolve incremental changes in the intensity of near-rectangular warming pulses applied to the fiber's receptive field? 2. in these experiments the measure of the warm fiber's capacity to resolve incremental changes in the intensity of successive warming pulses was termed the discriminable stimulus increment (dsi). the dsi is defined as that incremental differ ... | 1979 | 114609 |
| a quantitative investigation of spine and dendrite development of neurons in visual cortex (area 17) of macaca nemestrina monkeys. | in a previous golgi study (lund et al., '77) which examined the development of the macaque monkey striate cortex (area 17) it was observed that the dendrites of neurons within the visual cortex show a marked increase in the number of spines on their surface during the first eight weeks of postnatal life. the qualitative observation was also made that all neurons then showed a marked decrease in spine numbers by the time the animal was adult. since these spines are known to be sites of synaptic c ... | 1979 | 110852 |
| pre- and postnatal development of gaba receptors in macaca monkey visual cortex. | gaba is a putative inhibitory neurotransmitter in adult mammalian visual cortex but also has been implicated as playing a crucial role in cortical information processing during development. in order to understand better the role of gaba during primate visual cortex development, we have examined the time course of gabaa and gabab receptor ontogenesis in 18 macaca nemestrina monkeys ranging from fetal day 61 (f61d) to adulthood. the gaba and benzodiazepine binding sites of the gabaa receptor were ... | 1991 | 1660536 |
| noninvasive measures of bone bending rigidity in the monkey (m. nemestrina). | the in vivo bending rigidity and bone mineral content of monkey ulnae and tibiae were measured. bending rigidity in the anteroposterior plane was measured by an impedance probe technique. forced vibrations of the bones were induced with an electromechanical shaker, and force and velocity at the driving point were determined. the responses over the range of 100-250 hz were utilized to compute the bending rigidity. bone mineral content in the cross section was determined by a photon absorption tec ... | 1979 | 110412 |
| siv of stump-tailed macaque (sivstm) is a divergent asian isolate. | analysis of molecularly cloned dnas of sivs isolated from asian rhesus macaque (macaca mulatta; sivmac) and pig-tailed macaque (macaca nemestrina; sivmne) has indicated a high degree of sequence homology between these viruses. thus sivmac and sivmne might have originated from the same or very closely related viruses. we have cloned and sequenced a pcr-amplified segment containing the ltr sequences of siv originating from a stump-tailed macaque (macaca arctoides; sivstm). comparative sequence ana ... | 1991 | 1719204 |
| genetic differences accounting for evolution and pathogenicity of simian immunodeficiency virus from a sooty mangabey monkey after cross-species transmission to a pig-tailed macaque. | we determined the nucleotide sequences of two related isolates of simian immunodeficiency virus from the sooty mangabey monkey (sivsmm) that exhibit dramatic differences in virulence. these isolates are separated by one experimental cross-species transmission, from sooty mangabey to pig-tailed macaque. the parental virus (sivsmm9), nonpathogenic in the original host (sooty mangabeys), causes a chronic aids-like disease in macaques. in contrast, the variant virus (sivsmmpbj14) induces an acute le ... | 1992 | 1727495 |
| complete amino acid sequence of the gamma chain from the major fetal hemoglobin of the pig-tailed macaque, macaca nemestrina. | the complete primary structure of the gamma chain of the major fetal hemoglobin from the pig-tailed macaque, macaca nemestrina, was obtained by the automated sequencing of fragments produced by three nonenzymatic cleavage reactions. about two-thirds of the sequence was established from the amino terminus of the intact chain and two of the three fragments produced by cleavage at methionyl residues by cyanogen bromide. acid clevage at the single aspartyl-prolyl linkage and cleavage at tryptophanyl ... | 1979 | 105752 |
| on the helicobacter species isolated from the pig-tailed macaque. | | 1991 | 1742203 |
| cyclic changes in ciliation of the oviductal epithelium in the pig-tailed macaque (macaca nemestrina). | | 1978 | 101069 |
| isolation and partial characterization of an histidine-rich polypeptide from parotid saliva of the monkey, macaca nemestrina. | | 1977 | 11920 |
| [kinematic study of reaching-grasping movements in the monkey]. | kinematics of reaching-grasping movement towards stimuli of three different sizes located at two different distances were studied in one monkey (macaca nemestrina). transport and manipulation components were analyzed using the elite system. transport time, peak velocity and deceleration phase of velocity were influenced by stimulus size, whilst acceleration phase remained unmodified. peak velocity clearly increased with distance, while transport time remained constant (isochrony ). the main para ... | 1991 | 1818597 |
| oxidative biotransformation of 2-acetylaminofluorene in fetal and placental tissues of humans and monkeys. correlations with aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activities. | the mixed-function oxidation of 14c-labled 2-acetylaminofluorene (aaf) was investigated in placental and fetal tissues of humans and monkeys (macaca nemestrina) in vitro. the major metabolite formed in most tissues was 7-hydroxy-aaf. rates of the hydroxylation reactions varied widely among the tissues investigated and were generally one to two orders of magnitude lower than those measured in rat hepatic tissues. high correlations among rates of 7-,5-, and 3- and between 1- and n-hydroxylations o ... | 1975 | 1224 |
| antiuterotrophic effects of a pure antioestrogen, ici 182,780: magnetic resonance imaging of the uterus in ovariectomized monkeys. | ici 182,780 is a potent specific pure antioestrogen which may offer advantages in breast cancer treatment compared with partial agonists like tamoxifen. to characterize further the potency and efficacy of ici 182,780, its effects on the uterus of ovariectomized, oestrogen-treated monkeys (macaca nemestrina) have been measured using magnetic resonance imaging (mri). quantitative mri allows accurate non-invasive repetitive measurements of endometrial and myometrial volume following hormonal treatm ... | 1992 | 1474330 |
| physiological properties of primate lumbar motoneurons. | 1. intracellular recordings were obtained from 149 motoneurons innervating triceps surae (n = 109) and more distal muscles (n = 40) in 14 pentobarbital-anesthetized monkeys (macaca nemestrina). the variables evaluated were resting membrane potential, action potential amplitude, conduction velocity (cv), input resistance (rn), membrane time constant (tau m), electrotonic length (l), whole-cell capacitance (ctot), long current pulse threshold (rheobase), short current pulse threshold (ishort), aft ... | 1992 | 1432072 |
| oculomotor localization relies on a damped representation of saccadic eye displacement in human and nonhuman primates. | the oculomotor system has long been thought to rely on an accurate representation of eye displacement or position in a successful attempt to reconcile a stationary target's retinal instability (caused by motion of the eyes) with its corresponding spatial invariance. this is in stark contrast to perceptual localization, which has been shown to rely on a sluggish representation of eye displacement, achieving only partial compensation for the retinal displacement caused by saccadic eye movements. r ... | 1992 | 1390386 |
| effect of strabismus on the development of vernier acuity and grating acuity in monkeys. | the effect of experimental strabismus on the development of vernier acuity and grating acuity was studied in macaca nemestrina monkeys. six monkeys were studied longitudinally beginning near 10 days after birth. four of the six monkeys developed amblyopia. as is true for human strabismic amblyopes, the deficit in vernier acuity was larger than the deficit in grating acuity in the amblyopic monkeys. the developmental data reveal that this differential disruption of vernier acuity can be understoo ... | 1992 | 1390385 |
| sequence analysis and acute pathogenicity of molecularly cloned sivsmm-pbj14. | the pbj14 isolate of simian immunodeficiency virus from sooty mangabey monkeys (sivsmm-pbj14) is the most acutely pathogenic primate lentivirus so far described, always causing fatal disease in pig-tailed macaques (macaca nemestrina) within 8 days of inoculation. as a first step in identifying viral genes and gene products that influence pathogenicity, the sivsmm-pbj14 genome was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction as 5' and 3' genomic halves of 5.1 and 5.8 kilobases, respectively, and mo ... | 1990 | 1971917 |
| development of vernier acuity and grating acuity in normally reared monkeys. | the developmental time courses for vernier acuity and grating acuity were measured longitudinally in infant macaca nemestrina monkeys. behavioral measurements of vernier and grating acuity were made at regular intervals during development. near birth, grating acuity is relatively more mature than vernier acuity. the proportional rate of vernier acuity development is faster than that for grating acuity. during the course of development, grating acuity improves approximately 15-fold whereas vernie ... | 1992 | 1390384 |
| the effects of age on glutathione synthesis enzymes in lenses of old world simians and prosimians. | the activities of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase and glutathione synthetase, the two enzymes required for glutathione synthesis, were determined as a function of age in lenses of three species of old world higher primates: orangutan, pigtail monkey and olive baboon. these were compared to enzyme activities in lenses of two prosimians: mouse lemur and galago. gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase activity decreased as a function of age in all three old world simians. the rate of decrease was great ... | 1992 | 1355706 |
| helicobacter nemestrinae sp. nov., a spiral bacterium found in the stomach of a pigtailed macaque (macaca nemestrina) | a new microaerophilic, spirally curved, rod-shaped bacterium was isolated from the gastric mucosa of a pigtailed macaque (macaca nemestrina). the gram-negative cells of this bacterium are oxidase, catalase, and urease positive and strongly resemble helicobacter pylori (campylobacter pylori) cells. like h. pylori, this organism does not metabolize glucose, does not reduce nitrate or produce indole, does not produce h2s from triple sugar iron agar, does not hydrolyze hippurate or esculin, and does ... | 1991 | 1995031 |
| serological survey of a captive macaque colony in china for antibodies to simian type d retroviruses. | sera from 510 macaques consisting of macaca mulatta, macaca assamensis, macaca fascicularis, macaca nemestrina, and macaca arctoides were investigated for antibodies to simian aids type d retrovirus (srv) by elisa and western blot with viral antigens purified from supernatants of srv-1 infected cell cultures. of these monkeys, 104 were seropositive by elisa; only 23 were confirmed by western blot. the true positive reaction to srv was found in 15 of 463 (3.2%) m. mulatta and eight of eleven (72. ... | 1992 | 1339171 |
| agonistic behavior of pregnant female monkeys (macaca nemestrina): possible influences of fetal gonadal hormones. | | 1975 | 1170584 |
| the sex difference in dimensional communalities in macaca nemestrina. | intr-individual correlations for cranial, mandibular and dental measurements made on lateral skull radiographs of macaca nemestrina were systematically higher in 30 adult females than in 31 adult males by an average of 0.11 to 0.15, depending upon method of computation. clearly, for the adult pig-tailed monkey as in homo during both prenatal and postnatal life, developmental and dimensional communalities are systematically higher in the female indicating a general principle or trend. | 1975 | 1155588 |
| simian immune deficiency virus (siv) strain siv smm-pbj 14-4.41 carrying two copies of binding site for transcription factor nf-kappa b induces fulminant disease in pig tailed macaques (macaca nemestrina) | | 1990 | 2099337 |
| luteolysis induced in pigtail monkeys (macaca nemestrina) with prostaglandin f 2 alpha, ici 80996 and ici 81008. | non-pregnant pigtail monkeys (m. nemestrina) were given ici 80996 subcutaneously and ici 81008 and pgf2alpha subcutaneously or intravaginally, once daily on days 20-30 inclusive, or two or three times on days 24 or 26 only. doses of 50 mug/kg of ici 80996, 100 mug/kg of ici 81008 and approx. 1 mg/kg of pgf2alpha were used. in the majority of monkeys treated subcutaneously a rapid fall in circulating progesterone concentrations and earlier than normal menstrual bleeding occurred. when given per v ... | 1975 | 1153800 |
| 6-[18f]fluoro-l-dopa probes dopamine turnover rates in central dopaminergic structures. | 6-[18f]fluoro-l-dopa (fdopa) cerebral kinetics and metabolism were correlated in normal primates (macaca nemestrina) and primates with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (mptp) induced unilateral parkinsonism. application of a tracer kinetic model to positron emission tomography (pet) data indicated that the model allows reliable estimation of fdopa blood brain barrier transport, decarboxylation and release of stored 6-[18f]fluorodopamine (fda) radioactivity in normal striatum (k4 = 0. ... | 1990 | 2127807 |
| clinical and parasitologic aspects of cryptosporidiosis in nonhuman primates. | eighty-one cases of acute cryptosporidiosis were diagnosed among 157 (52%) infant primates, predominantly macaca nemestrina, housed in the nursery unit of the washington regional primate research center. the mean age at onset of oocyst passage was 38 +/- 25 days. the outbreak was confined to the nursery and no cases were detected among juvenile or adult primates housed in other rooms within the colony. all but one animal manifested symptoms of enteric infection, including severe diarrhea and deh ... | 1990 | 2153858 |
| somatometry of newborn macaca nemestrina. | cranial and postcranial anthropometric data were taken on 18 male and 14 female newborn macaca nemistrina monkeys and compared with data from the literature on other species of macaca. the females of every species are somewhat smaller in all dimensions than the males at birth. however, they are more fully developed than males in relation to the amount of growth needed to achieve the adult form, and therefore undergo less postnatal growth than males. | 1975 | 1140753 |
| novel use of a chimpanzee pseudogene for chromosomal mapping of human cytochrome c oxidase subunit iv. | we have isolated a chimpanzee processed pseudogene for subunit iv of cytochrome c oxidase (cox; ec 1.9.3.1) by screening a chimpanzee genomic library in lambda charon 32 with a bovine liver cdna encoding cox subunit iv (cox iv), and localized it to a 1.9-kb hindiii fragment. southern-blot analysis of genomic dna from five primates showed that dnas from human, gorilla, and chimpanzee each contained the 1.9-kb pseudogene fragment, whereas orangutan and pigtail macaque monkey dna did not. this resu ... | 1990 | 2157630 |
| subunit vaccine protects macaca nemestrina (pig-tailed macaque) against simian t-cell lymphotropic virus type i challenge. | five macaques received two vaccinations consisting of soluble human t-cell lymphotropic virus type i proteins from a cell/serum-free human t-cell lymphotropic virus type i-producing cell line. five other macaques were vaccine controls. all were challenged with a simian t-cell lymphotropic virus type i-producing cell line. the vaccinated macaques generated a strong serological response to challenge as opposed to the control macaques. western blot analysis of the sera showed that both groups recog ... | 1990 | 2167165 |
| evaluation of a htlv-1 subunit vaccine in prevention of experimental stlv-i infection in macaca nemestrina. | pig-tailed macaques were vaccinated with a human t-cell lymphotropic virus type i (htlv-i) subunit vaccine. vaccinates and controls were challenged with simian t-cell lymphotropic virus type i (stlv-i)-infected cells. vaccination yielded antibody responses to htlv-i and stlv-i gag and env precursors. controls developed htlv-i and stlv-i antibody to gag and tax protein. immunization produced syncytium inhibiting antibody and cellular cytotoxicity to virus-infected cells. reverse transcriptase act ... | 1990 | 2172541 |
| hyperthermia-induced cardiac arrest in dogs and monkeys. | the pattern of dying from immersion hyperthermia was documented in 8 dogs, 9 rhesus monkeys and 12 pigtail monkeys. under light general anesthesia and spontaneous breathing, the animals were immersed into water of 45 degrees c, which was subsequently adjusted to control brain (parietal epidural) temperature at 42 +/- 0.5 degrees c. transient initial hypertension, tachycardia, tachypnea and hypocarbia were followed by progressive hypotension with decreasing central venous pressure and pulmonary a ... | 1990 | 2174184 |
| efficacy of an htlv-1 subunit vaccine in prevention of a stlv-1 infection in pig-tailed macaques. | three pig-tailed macaques were vaccinated twice, four weeks apart, with a human t-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (htlv-1) subunit vaccine. four weeks post-vaccination, the vaccinated macaques and two control monkeys were challenged with a simian t-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (stlv-1)-infected cell line. following the first vaccination, an antibody response developed to htlv-1 and stlv-1 viral proteins as visualized by western blot. the antibody recognized both gag and env protein precursors a ... | 1990 | 2178125 |
| the effects of chlamydia trachomatis on the female reproductive tract of the macaca nemestrina after a single tubal challenge following repeated cervical inoculations. | the effects of repeated cervical infections followed by a single direct tubal inoculation with chlamydia trachomatis, serovars d and f, were examined in 11 pig-tailed macaques to test the hypothesis that tubal inoculation after cervical priming causes a more severe disease than primary tubal inoculation alone. animals were cervically inoculated between two and five times. fallopian tubes were inoculated with serovar d or f 1 week after the last cervical challenge. three control monkeys received ... | 1990 | 2216196 |
| effect on fecal output of various dietary nitrogen sources in pig-tailed monkeys (macaca nemestrina) fed fiber-free, semisynthetic diets. | fiber-free liquid diets containing isonitrogenous amounts of various dietary nitrogen sources were fed to five adult male pig-tailed monkeys (macaca nemestrina) with a mean weight of approximately 10 kg. all liquid diets supplied 3.0 g n/day per monkey and maintained the animals in a postive nitrogen balance. initial baseline fecal output data were obtained by feeding the animals a commercial solid monkey chow. the dietary nitrogen sources fed were a) egg white protein, b) an enzymatic hydrolysa ... | 1975 | 1130309 |
| age of menarche in pigtail monkeys (macaca nemestrina): a cross-sectional survey of perineal tumescence. | | 1976 | 976585 |
| experimental infection of pig-tailed macaques (macaca nemestrina) with campylobacter cinaedi and campylobacter fennelliae. | campylobacter cinaedi and c. fennelliae have been associated with proctocolitis, bacteremia, and asymptomatic rectal infection, primarily in homosexual men. to more directly assess the pathogenic role of these organisms, we studied their disease-producing potential in 12- to 25-day-old pig-tailed macaques (macaca nemestrina). four infant monkeys were challenged with 10(8) to 10(9) c. cinaedi, three were challenged with c. fennelliae, two were challenged with c. jejuni, and one received no microo ... | 1990 | 2254021 |
| molecular clones from a non-acutely pathogenic derivative of sivsmmpbj14: characterization and comparison to acutely pathogenic clones. | molecularly cloned simian immunodeficiency viruses capable of inducing acute, fatal disease in pig-tailed macaques had been derived previously from a biological clone (bcl-3) of the pbj14 isolate of siv from sooty mangabey monkeys (sivsmmpbj14). the present study was undertaken in order to characterize virus from a second biological clone of sivsmmpbj14, bcl-1, which fails to induce acute or fatal disease. polymerase chain reaction was used to amplify 5' and 3' viral genome halves. the dna seque ... | 1992 | 1503826 |