| oncornavirus: isolation from a squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus) lung culture. | an oncornavirus isolated from a squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus) lung culture has a density of 1.16 to 1.17 grams per milliliter, contains 70s rna, and has an rna-directed dna polymerase that prefers mg2+ over mn2+ in an assay in which polyribocytidylate - oligodeoxyguanylate (12-18) is used as a synthetic template. morphologically, the virus resembles mason-pfizer monkey virus but is antigenically distinct from this virus. the virus grows in cells of human, chimpanzee, rhesus monkey, canine, ... | 1977 | 63993 |
| characterization of a retravirus isolated from squirrel monkeys. | a new retravirus (smrv) isolated from a squirrel monkey, saimiri sciureus, has an mg2+-dependen reverse transcriptase and a buoyant density of 1.17 g/cm3 in sucrose and 1.21 g/cm3 in cesium chloride, similar to the mouse mammary tumor virus and the mason-pfizer monkey virus. the polypeptide patter of smrv as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was distinct from the reported polypeptide patterns of known retraviruses. four major polypeptides of molecular weight ... | 1977 | 69728 |
| endogenous new world primate retrovirus: interspecies antigenic determinants shared with the major structural protein of type-d rna viruses of old world monkeys. | a reverse transcriptase-containing virus has recently been isolated from a squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus). molecular hybridization studies demonstrate that the squirrel monkey retrovirus (smrv) is endogenous to this new world primate, yet lacks detectable nucleotide sequence homology with cellular dnas of representative old world primates or with the genomes of previously isolated old world primate retroviruses. the 35,000-dalton major structural protein (p35) of smrv was purified and shown ... | 1977 | 74833 |
| comparison of mason-pfizer monkey virus and squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus) retrovirus by immunoelectron microscopy. | comparison of mason-pfizer monkey virus and squirrel monkey retrovirus (both candidate type d oncornaviruses) by immunoelectron microscopy revealed that these two viruses do not share common surface antigens. | 1978 | 79657 |
| benign prostatic hyperplasia in a squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus). | benign prostatic hyperplasia was diagnosed at necropsy in a middle-aged squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus). grossly, the prostate gland was asymmetrically enlarged and had an irregular surface. microscopically, both cystic glandular hyperplasia and fibromuscular, nodular hyperplasia were identified. | 1979 | 92596 |
| [quarantine and health control of the squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus) (author's transl)]. | a total of two hundreds and seventy squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) of both sexes were imported from south america through an animal dealer of the u. s. a. in eight lots from may, 1973 to july, 1974. they were investigated for the presence of the parasites for a maximum of fifteen months including nine weeks of quarantine period from the time of import. the mortality rate before or immediately after arrival at our laboratory reached 56.7% in the first two lots. this, however, could be reduce ... | 1978 | 97090 |
| behavioral observations in squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) following methylmercury exposure. | | 1978 | 98322 |
| observations on acute gastric dilatation in nonhuman primates. | in the years 1967-1977 we diagnosed 23 cases of acute gastric dilatation in monkeys. fourteen of these animals were macaca mulatta, five macaca fascicularis, and one each of macaca nemestrina, aotus trivirgatus, saimiri sciureus, and colobus guereza. fourteen of the animals were males, nine were females, and all were adults or subadults. mortality was 78% (18 of 23 animals). thirteen of the animals had received on anesthetic, immobilizing, or tranquilizing drug 1-2 days before developing acute g ... | 1978 | 98666 |
| a horseradish peroxidase-autoradiographic study of parietopulvinar connections in saimiri sciureus. | descending connections from parietal cortex to pulvinar in squirrel monkey were investigated with the autoradiographic method. somatosensory areas i (si) and ii (sii) were found to project to the oral (puo) and medial (pum) subdivisions of the pulvinar. projections from the posterior parietal region were recorded in circumscribed areas of pum and the lateral (pul) and inferior (pui) subdivisions of pulvinar. retrograde labeling with horseradish peroxidase (hrp) demonstrated that rostral parietal ... | 1978 | 99328 |
| the effect of polyunsaturated fats on bile acid metabolism and cholelithiasis in squirrel monkeys. | squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) were fed diets containing safflower oil, butter, or coconut oil and 1 mg cholesterol/cal for 15--17 mo to examine the effect of type of fat on cholelithiasis and bile acid metabolism. controls were fed low cholesterol diets containing an isocaloric mixture of the three fats. cholic acid fractional catabolic rate, pool size, chenodeoxycholic acid pool size, and total bile acid pool size and excretion rate were estimated using a modification of lindstedt's isoto ... | 1978 | 99632 |
| circadian rhythm dissociation in an environment with conflicting temporal information. | the relative contributions of light-dark (ld) cycles and feeding (ef) cycles in providing temporal information to the circadian time-keeping system were examined in chair-acclimatized squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus). the circadian rhythms of drinking, colonic temperature, urine volume, and urinary potassium excretion were measured with the ld and ef cycles providing either conflicting phases or periods. in conflicting phase experiments, animals were exposed to 24-h ld cycles consisting of 12 ... | 1978 | 100015 |
| social and reproductive behaviors in surrogate-reared squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus). | a colony of 16 surrogate-reared squirrel monkeys was observed for the adequacy of social and reproductive behaviors at maturity. aside from some self-directed abnormalities centering around nonnutritive orality, this group was behaviorally normal in spite of having no contacts with mother-reared, older conspecifics. half (n=5) of the females gave birth, with four infants viable. one infant has remained with the colony and is thriving. the other three remained with the group for as long as 42 day ... | 1978 | 100651 |
| suspected ascorbic acid deficiency in a colony of squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus). | subperiosteal cranial hematomas were observed in five female squirrel monkeys. the absence of trauma in the clinical history, the characteristic clinical changes, and the pathological lesions suggested that the animals were scorbutic. analysis of feed which was soaked in water, or left on the ground for varying time periods at different temperatures, indicated that there was loss of ascorbic acid. during the manufacture of monkey feed, ascorbic acid is dusted on as a final process. the practice ... | 1978 | 100654 |
| possible errors in identification of squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) from different south american points of export. | we conducted karyological studies on one colony consisting of 12 colombian and 34 bolivian squirrel monkeys and a second colony of 47 monkeys imported into the united states between 1968 and 1974 through six importers. all animals in the first colony showed six acrocentric pairs of chromosomes. bolivian monkeys were phenotypically distinguishable by their large size and coloration. in the second colony, 19 peruvian, seven colombian, five bolivian and six guyanan monkeys were correctly identified ... | 1978 | 101666 |
| social organization and social behavior in two subspecies of squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus). | social organization and social behavior were examined in two subspecies of squirrel monkeys which differ markedly in the degree of sexual dimorphism. the bolivian squirrel monkeys, the subspecies with greater sexual dimorphism, manifested a sexually segregated form of social organization, while the social organization of the guyanese monkeys was sexually integrated. dominance relationships were found to reflect these patterns of sexual segregation or integration; in the bolivian social groups se ... | 1978 | 102567 |
| reproductive performance in a breeding colony of brazilian squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus). | in a captive colony of brazilian squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) a discrete birth season has been retained for 5 years although its duration increased from 3 months in 1972 to 6 months in 1976. the ages of breeder females in this colony ranged from 3 to 14 years, and within this range reproductive performance was not affected by age, although it was significantly better in feral than in colony-born females. the latter had a lower pregnancy rate and a higher incidence of neonatal and fetal de ... | 1978 | 102869 |
| biochemical response of squirrel monkeys to ozone. | biochemical studies were performed on blood and lung tissue of squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) following acute exposure to 0.75 ppm ozone (o3) for 4 h/d for 4 consecutive days. one group of animals was sacrificed at the end of the last exposure day and another group was sacrificed 4 d later after the last exposure. evidence was sought for oxidation-induced changes known to occur in rodents when high levels of o3 are inhaled. a significant increase in red blood cell membrane fragility was obs ... | 1978 | 104043 |
| infection of the squirrel monkey saimiri sciureus, with plasmodium knowlesi. | | 1978 | 104412 |
| scent-marking and olfactory investigatory behavior in the squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus). | | 1978 | 104701 |
| columnar cortico-cortical interconnections within the visual system of the squirrel and macaque monkeys. | cortico-cortical interconnections within the visual cortex of squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) were studied by means of single or multiple injections of [3h]leucine or combined [3h]leucine and horseradish peroxidase into the dorsolateral striate and prestriate cortices. injections of [3h]leucine were also made into the dorsolateral striate cortex of a macaca speciosa for comparison. the results indicated that in saimiri the dorsolateral prestriate cortex is precisely and reciprocally connecte ... | 1979 | 104776 |
| some efferent connections of the rostral hypothalamus in the squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus) and cat. | | 1979 | 105021 |
| effects of intrafollicular administration of gonadotropins in two species of nonhuman primates using laparoscopy. | direct administration of 0.5 iu of human chorionic gonadotropin (hcg) into the matured ovarian follicles of adult female saimiri sciureus resulted in ovulation in 45% of the animals treated. when purified ovine luteinizing hormone (lh) was administered, ovulation was observed in 55% of the animals while intrafollicular injection of saline had no effect. similar injections of hcg into matured follicles of macaca fascicularis would not cause ovulation but did result in a 55% increase in menstrual ... | 1978 | 105138 |
| nucleolar changes in response to dietary protein malnutrition in the neurons of the motor cerebral cortex and cerebellum of squirrel moneky saimiri sciureus. | nucleolo-cytoplasmic relationships have been studied in healthy squirrel monkeys and those subjected to a known degree of protein malnutrition. in the latter group, thirty-two pregnant animals starting from 35 days of gestation and 24 young adult animals were given a diet containing 7.5% and 2.0% protein content, respectively, compared to a diet with 25% protein for the controls. the motor cortex and the cerebellum removed from neonates as well as young adult animals sacrificed after 9, 11, 13 a ... | 1978 | 105809 |
| the cingular vocalization pathway in the squirrel monkey. | in 39 squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus), the effects of various brain lesions on vocalizations elicited from the precallosal cingulate gyrus were tested. it was found that lesions abolishing the "cingular vocalization" completely can be traced from the stimulation site continuously down to the laryngeal motoneurons in the nucleus ambiguus. the pathway thus determined (fig. 4) travels from the precallosal cingulate gyrus through the frontal white matter and enters the internal capsule from a do ... | 1979 | 105921 |
| physical growth and brain development of captive-bred male and female squirrel monkeys, saimiri sciureus. | the physical growth and brain development of the captive bred male and female squirrel monkeys have shown that the male grows at a significantly faster rate with respect to these parameters in the postnatal life, starting from preweaning stage as compared to the female infant. during the prenatal life the male and the female fetuses grow at similar rates and show comparable brain development as indicated by its weight. | 1979 | 105925 |
| circadian control of thermoregulation in the squirrel monkey, saimiri sciureus. | the characteristics and control of the circadian rhythms of core body temperature (colonic) and skin temperature (tail) were studied in chair-acclimatized squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus). when animals were entrained to a light-dark cycle (12 h 600 lx; 12 h less than 1 lx) these two temperatures displayed prominent, reproducible, tightly coupled circadian rhythms. in contsant light of 600 lx, where no other effective circadian time cues were present, both temperature rhythms persisted with fr ... | 1979 | 106737 |
| a three month inhalation toxicity study in the squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus) with terbutaline sulfate (bricanyl). | a study of the subacute toxicity of inhaled terbutaline sulfate was performed in the squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus). 3 groups of monkeys were exposed 1 h daily 7 days/week for 3 months to terbutaline sulfate aerosols at concentrations of 0.039, 0.185 and 0.799 mg terbutaline/litre of air respectively. a fourth group was a chamber control receiving air only. the following clinical parameters were evaluated: physical appearance and behavior, weight gain, ophthalmoscopic appearance, electrocard ... | 1978 | 107616 |
| role of the periaqueductal grey in vocal expression of emotion. | in 32 squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) the role of the periaqueductal grey has been investigated by combined stimulation/lesioning and by neuroanatomical experiments. the results are as follows. firstly, periaqueductal lesions invading the laterally adjacent tegmentum abolish species-specific calls elicitable by electrical brain stimulation. this holds for stimulation sites rostral as well as caudal to this area. the only vocalizations which survive are phonations of an artificial character w ... | 1979 | 109167 |
| the continuous cultivation of plasmodium fragile by the method of trager-jensen. | using the trager-jensen method, a second malaria species, plasmodium fragile, a simian counterpart to the human malaria p. falciparum, has been cultivated successfully. the average growth rate every 3--4 days was 5-fold and the average number of merozoites observed was 14. to date, only rhesus monkey red blood cells (rbc) would support the long-term cultivation of this parasite. short-term observations indicate that rbc from the squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus) may support growth but human rbc ... | 1979 | 110165 |
| baseline blood chemistry determinations in the squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus). | sera from 129 squirrel monkeys, saimiri sciureus, were analyzed for 15 chemical constituents. the values obtained were then analyzed for statistical significance causing the following sets of variables: (1) colony-bred versus noncolony-bred, (2) karyotype (3) vendor, (4) sex and (5) dietary iodine supplementation versus nonsupplementation. calcium, inorganic phosphorous, albumin, uric acid, blood urea nitrogen, glucose, alkaline phosphatase and potassium were high in colony-bred animals. cholest ... | 1979 | 110977 |
| clinical description of tetanus in squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus). | nineteen cases of clinical tetanus developed in bolivian squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) which were housed in outdoor corrals with soil-based floors. the disease was initially characterized by stiffness in gait followed by extensor rigidity, trismus and opisthotonus. eleven of the 19 monkeys (58%) had evidence of external wounds. the case fatality rate was 100%. tetanus accounted for 12% of adult female and 19% of adult male mortalities in the colony. immunization with tetanus toxoid was eff ... | 1979 | 110981 |
| tonic inhibition of thermoregulation in the decerebrate monkey (saimiri sciureus). | | 1979 | 111961 |
| annual cyclicity in the squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus): the relationship between testosterone, fatting, and sexual behavior. | | 1978 | 112022 |
| studies with timed-pregnant squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus). | timed-pregnant monkeys were produced in a large nonhabituated colony of saimiri sciureus of bolivian origin. in a colony of 373 females and 40 males, 277 females (74%) were considered to be inseminated, based on microscopic observation of sperm and/or detection of a coagulum (plug) in the vagina. forty-six full-term progeny were delivered. the mean gestational period was 152.5 days (sd = 3.9 days). for continuous cohabitation, the median time to insemination was five days, with 75% of inseminati ... | 1979 | 113536 |
| human chorionic gonadotropin: induction of ovulation in the squirrel monkey. | the minimum dose of human chorionic gonadotropin that would cause ovulation in the squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus) was found to be between 100 and 250 international units. | 1979 | 113874 |
| the growth and development of the squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus). | squirrel monkeys of 2 subspecies, bolivian and colombian, were removed from their mothers on the day of birth and nursery reared for up to 2 years of age. infants were tested weekly for 12 weeks, then monthly for 1 year, and at 2 years of age. tests included morphology (body weight, crown-rump length, and head measurements), behavior (reflexes, activity, reaction to the surrogate), and physiology (heart rate, respiratory rate, temperature and optokinetic nystagmus). data show some likenesses and ... | 1979 | 114454 |
| circadian rhythms of locomotor activity in the squirrel monkey, saimiri sciureus, under conditions of self-controlled light-dark cycles. | locomotor activity was recorded from three squirrel monkeys, saimiri sciureus, housed singly in cages inside a sound-proof chamber. each animal was exposed twice to each of three conditions; continuous dim illumination (dim ll), continuous bright illumination (bright ll), and conditions in which the animal could turn on bright light by itself (self-controlled light-dark cycle: lds). the mean circadian period, tau, the activity time, alpha, and the amount of activity, a, were computed for each si ... | 1979 | 114700 |
| maturation and in vitro fertilization of follicular oocytes of the squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus). | | 1979 | 115506 |
| susceptibility of squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus) to infection by mammalian schistosomes. | | 1979 | 115804 |
| atresia ani and multiple vertebral anomalies in a squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus). | | 1979 | 116416 |
| folacin deficiency and requirement in the squirrel monkey (saimiri sciuresus). | acute folacin deficiency was studied in eight young squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus). half of the animals were fed a semipurified deficient diet (no added folic acid) and half were fed a control diet (0.84 mg of added folic acid per kilogram of dry diet). monkeys fed the deficient diet lost weight and suffered from diarrhea and dehydration leading to the death of one of the animals after 6 weeks. folacin deficiency also was studied in six older animals fed diets containing varying levels of a ... | 1979 | 116540 |
| motion sickness-induced food aversions in the squirrel monkey. | conditioned aversions to colored, flavored water were established in squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) by following consumption with 90 min of simultaneous rotational and vertical stimulation. the experimental group (n = 13) drank significantly less of the green, almond-flavored test solution than did the control group (n = 14) during three post-treatment preference testing days. individual differences were noted in that two experimental monkeys readily drank the test solution after rotational ... | 1979 | 117473 |
| chromosomal polymorphism and somatic segregation in saimiri sciureus. | quinacrine (q) and giemsa (g) banding, and sister chromatid exchange (sce) studies have been carried out in saimiri sciureus. in one male and one female studied, the diploid number was 2n = 44 and the karyotype corresponded to that described for the geographical region of georgetown, guyana. in the second male three different cell lines were observed, one corresponding to the geographical region of leticia (colombia), another to the geographical location of iquitos (peru) and a third line with 4 ... | 1979 | 118904 |
| a prolonged hematopoietic disturbance associated with aortic aneurism and splenomegaly in a squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus). a case report. | in a squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus), monitored clinically for five years, histopathological review revealed diffuse lymphoblastic lymphocytes infiltrating the thyroid, kidney, liver, pancreas, adrenal medulla, internal fat, extramedullary hematopoietic foci in the spleen and liver, and a mild chronic peritonitis. | 1979 | 120445 |
| haematobium schistosomiasis in the squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus). | the squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus) accommodates schistosoma haematobium moderately well. adults occur in the major viscera but the extent of tissue egg deposits and associated pathology is variable. pathologic involvement of the urogenital system occurs in a large proportion of hosts exposed to moderate to heavy infections, and bladder pathology is indicative of conditions associated with bladder carcinoma. | 1979 | 120625 |
| plasma carnitine and cholesterol levels in monkeys and pigeons: species/breed differences and the influence of gender and diet. | 1. total plasma carnitine and cholesterol were studied in two breeds of pigeon and four species of sub-human primates. 2. the levels of plasma carnitine and cholesterol differed within species and between species and were influenced by diet and gender. 3. in the animals studied, pigeons had the highest levels of plasma carnitine (greater than 120 nm/ml) and squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) had the lowest levels (ca. 10 nm/ml). 4. linear regression analysis of plasma carnitine and cholesterol ... | 1979 | 122572 |
| [hypometabolism in aotus trivirgatus (primates, plathyrhini, cebidae)]. | the standard metabolism of aotus trivirgatus (night monkey, owl monkey) is 22.5 to 46.2 per cent below kleiber's prevision curve for mammals, which applies to other cebid monkeys like saimiri sciureus and alouatta. however the metabolic rate of aotus is not reduced to the extent found in two hypometabolic prosimians perodicticus potto and nycticebus coucang. the low metabolism in aotus is associated with a normal body temperature and a thick fur of high insulating power. these results are discus ... | 1977 | 146561 |
| erythrocyte membrane alterations induced by plasmodium simium infection in saimiri sciureus: relation to schüffner's dots. | the nature of erythrocyte membrane alterations in plasmodium simium infections was determined employing light microscopy, carbon replication and transmission electron microscopy. light microscopy of giemsa stained preparations shows that infected cells initially acquire a faint stippling (schuffnerization) which becomes pronouced with subsequent parasite development. enlargement of the host cell usually accompanied stippling. both phenomena appear to depend on host cell age since infected mature ... | 1975 | 165280 |
| tumorigenicity of epstein-barr virus (ebv)-transformed lymphoid line cells in autologous squirrel monkeys. | eight squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) challenged with ebv or ebv-transformed slcl were naturally or experimentally infected with plasmodium knowlesi or pl. brasilianum. most of the animals had been splenectomized and unilaterally nephrectomized. three of these monkeys received one dose of 6 to 12 x 10(8) autologous slcl. these lines were derived from saimiri lymphoid cells permanently transformed by b-ebv in vitro. all three animals developed multiple undifferentiated malignant lymphomas and ... | 1976 | 179960 |
| the effects of dietary fat and cholesterol on the metabolism of plasma low density lipoprotein apoproteins in squirrel monkeys. | low density lipoprotein apoproteins from squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) had characteristic 2-phase die-away curves in plasma. the kinetic constants were similar with three methods of labeling: in vitro with 125i by the iodine monochloride or the bolton-hunter methods or in vivo by the injection of [3h]-leucine into a donor animal. dietary cholesterol and the type of dietary fat influenced the concentration of plasma cholesterol and low density lipoproteins. the fractional turnover of low de ... | 1976 | 186119 |
| neuronal cytoplasmic inclusions in the dorsal horn and supraoptic nucleus of the squirrel monkey, saimiri sciureus. | in the squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus) two types of cytoplasmic inclusion bodies have been observed sporadically in neurons of both the dorsal horn (rexed's laminae i-iii in the lumbosacral region) and the supraoptic nucleus. one of these, designated here the "vesicular body", is a round inclusion which measures up to 1.4 mu in diameter. it occurs only in perikarya and is composed of vesicular-like chambers 300-400 a in diameter. we have not found previous references to this structure in the ... | 1977 | 189928 |
| in vitro regulation of cholesterol metabolism by low density lipoproteins in skin fibroblasts from hypo-and hyperresponding squirrel monkeys. | when squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) are fed diets containing cholesterol, some individuals (hyperresponders) become hypercholesterolemic, while others (hyporesponders) are able to maintain nearly normal plasma cholesterol concentrations. skin fibroblasts were grown from three hyperresponder and threehyporesponder squirrel monkeys, previously characterized on the basis of their plasma cholesterol response to two cholesterol-containing diets and the pheno-type of their parents. the rates of c ... | 1977 | 195626 |
| experimental protein malnutrition in primates: electronmicroscopic observations on the cerebellum of healthy and malnourished squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus). | eight young adult squirrel monkeys were maintained on a protein deficient (2% calories from proteins) diet for a period of 15 weeks during which the animals lost wieght steadily and developed varying degrees of sensory and motor impairments as evidenced by lack of interest in the surrounding environment and changes in posture and gait. an additional eight animals were maintained on a high protein diet (25% calories from proteins) to serve as controls. two animals each from the experimental and c ... | 1977 | 200673 |
| hormonal response to stress in the squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus). | the pituitary-adrenal and gonadal responses following stress were evaluated in the squirrel monkey. plasma levels of cortisol (cs), acth and testosterone (t) were determined during a 4-h period following the combined stress of capture and ether anesthesia. the results indicated that the squirrel monkey manifests higher basal levels of steroids than typically found in other mammals. the endocrine response following stress was biphasic, involving an initial elevation and subsequent decline in horm ... | 1978 | 211455 |
| seroconversion against epstein-barr virus in two nonhuman primate species infected by the oropharyngeal route. | transforming epstein-barr virus (ebv) was inoculated into eight squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) by spraying of viral concentrates into the nose and throat. virus was inoculated into three marmosets (two saguinus oedipus and one calithrix jacchus jacchus) by direct injection into nasopharyngeal tissue. two of these squirrel monkeys seroconverted after repeated inoculation as determined by the presence of ebv-specific antibodies to early antigen and viral capsid antigen. one squirrel monkey ha ... | 1978 | 213505 |
| squirrel monkey retrovirus and herpesvirus saimiri: observation in the same cell following isolation. | electron microscopic examination of mink lung cells previously cultured with a squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus) throat swab suspension revealed the presence of squirrel monkey retrovirus (smrv) and herpesvirus saimiri (hvs) coexisting within the same cells in culture. hvs was identified by serum neutralization, and the retrovirus isolate was identified as smrv by a morphologic examination, microimmunodiffusion analysis, and demonstration of an mg2+ preference for the rna-directed dna polymeras ... | 1979 | 225504 |
| vaginal cytology, induced ovulation and gestation in the squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus). | | 1977 | 401653 |
| transient circadian internal desynchronization after light-dark phase shift in monkeys. | in four conscious chair-acclimatized squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) studied with lights on (600 lx) from 0800 to 2000 h daily (ld 12:12), prominent 24-h rhythms in feeding, drinking, activity, body temperature, and urinary potassium, sodium, and water excretion were seen. when the monkeys were subjected to 36 h of darkness followed by 36 h of light each variable demonstrated a circadian rhythm which was not passively dependent on the light-dark cycle. after the 24-h light-dark cycle was abr ... | 1977 | 402084 |
| renal electrolyte circadian rhythms: independence from feeding and activity patterns. | the interrelationships between urinary electrolyte circadian rhythms and rhythms of feeding, drinking and activity were studied in six conscious chair-acclimatized squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) kept in temperature-controlled isolation chambers on a light-dark (ld) 12:12 h cycle. with lights on (600 lx) from 0800 to 2000 h and off (less than 1 lx) from 2000 to 0800 h, renal potassium excretion in monkeys fed ad libitum fell to a daily minimum of 64 +/- 6 mueq/h at 0500 h and rose to a maxim ... | 1977 | 402818 |
| evidence for a projection from pulvinar to striate cortex in the squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus). | | 1977 | 403082 |
| host range characteristics of the primate coccidian, isospora arctopitheci rodhain 1933 (protozoa: eimeriidae). | studies were conducted on 35 primates, 12 carnivores, and 2 marsupials to determine their susceptibility to the primate coccidian, isospora arctopitheci. patent oocyst infections resulted in 12 of the 14 species of animals investigated. these included 6 genera of new world primates native to panama: saguinus geoffroyi, aotus trivirgatus, ateles fusciceps, cebus capucinus, alouatta villosa, and saimiri sciureus. in addition 4 families of carnivores (2 domestic and 2 sylvatic) and 1 species of mar ... | 1977 | 403270 |
| myelinated granule cell bodies in the cerebellum of the monkey (saimiri sciureus). | electronmicrographs of both the vermis and hemisphere of the cerebellum of the squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus) show numerous granule cell bodies partially or completely surrounded by myelin. the myelin is of the compact type and consists of 1 to 13 lamellae. in several cases of partially ensheathed cells the myelin is clearly derived from extensions of myelin sheaths that surround small caliber axons. either all or only the outer lamellae surrounding the axon contribute to the extensions. in ... | 1977 | 403832 |
| the number of umbilical vessels in the squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus). | the number of vessels present in the umbilical cords of 40 nonsurviving squirrel monkey fetuses an neonates has been determined by gross and histologic examination. four umbilical vessels were present in 72.5% of the cords and 27.5% contained three vessels. coincident fetal malformations are noted. | 1977 | 405289 |
| hormones and social behavior of squirrel monkeys. (saimiri sciureus). i. effects of endocrine status of females on behavior within heterosexual pairs. | | 1977 | 405304 |
| skin, preoptic, and core temperatures influence behavioral thermoregulation. | squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) will learn to regulate their chamber air temperature (ta) behaviorally by selecting between two air temperatures, 10 and 50 degrees c. when transient (10-min) displacements of local preoptic temperature (tpo) are made around neutral, via water-perfused thermodes, changes in ta selected are linear and inversely proportional to the tpo displacement. the same result occurred in the present study when 10-min tpo displacements were made around a clamped (36--41 deg ... | 1977 | 405366 |
| spontaneous malformations in squirrel monkey [saimiri sciureus] fetuses with emphasis on cleft lip and palate. | gross examination of a group of surviving and nonsurviving squirrel monkeys has revealed a high incidence of cleft lip and cleft primary palate defects with an associated anophthalmia. these defects, as well as single incidences of diaphragmatic aplasia, scoliosis, internal hydrocephalus, and funnel chest, are noted or described and discussed with reference to sex and parentage. | 1977 | 405491 |
| effects of diphenylhydantoin and chloroquine on monkey liver microsomal mixed-function oxidases. | sixteen adult male squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) were randomly divided into three treatment groups and one control group. each treatment group received 10 mg/kg oral doses of diphenylhydantoin and/or chloroquine. following sacrifice, in vitro assays for activity of liver microsomal mixed-function oxidases were run. the assays confirmed diphenylhydantoin as a potent inducer of mixed-function oxidases. chloroquine administration had little affect on the enzymes assayed and did not inhibit th ... | 1977 | 405502 |
| dicentric yields induced by gamma-radiation and chromosome arm number in primates. | to evaluate the effect of the chromosome arm number on the yield of dicentric chromosomes, frequencies of gamma-ray-induced chromosome aberrations were examined with peripheral lymphocytes from three different primate species, saimiri sciureus (arm number, 77), macaca fascicularis (arm number, 83) and nycticebus coucang (arm number, 99). irradiated blood samples were cultured by the same standard technique as that commonly used for human lymphocytes. the yields of dicentrics and dicentrics plus ... | 1977 | 405578 |
| gap junctions in the inferior olivary nucleus of the squirrel monkey, saimiri sciureus. | | 1977 | 406012 |
| visual sensitivity: significant within-species variations in a nonhuman primate. | among squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) there are significant sex-related differences in visual sensitivity. as measured behaviorally in an increment-thershold task, a sample of males was found to be substantially less sensitive to long-wavelength (640-nanometer) light than a group of females tested in the same way, although the two groups showed no significant differences in sensitivity to a middle-wavelength (540-nanometer) light. the two group also differed on a test designed to measure the ... | 1977 | 406676 |
| paracoccidioidomycosis (south american blastomycosis) in a squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus). | a female squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus) had granulomatous lesions in the liver and colon. there were many fungal organisms in sections of liver and many of these organisms had multiple buds on their surface. although we did not prepare fungal cultures, the appearance of the organisms was sufficient to identify them as paracoccidiodes brasiliensis, the cause of paracoccidioidomycosis (south american blastomycosis). | 1977 | 407702 |
| studies of the squirel monkey, saimiri sciureus, genome. ii. c-band characterization and dna replication patterns. | cytological analysis of a squirrel monkey indicates a considerable degree of chromosomal polymorphism. dna synthetic patterns reveal late synthesis in chromosomal segments that are c-band negative and asynchrony in dna replication between homologs. location of a satellite dna with a cscl neutral buoyant density of 4.691 g/ml was mainly in the noncentromeric constitutive heterochromatin. | 1977 | 408102 |
| oncornavirus-like particles in squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus) placenta and placenta culture. | oncornavirus-like particles similar in morphology to type d particles were observed in 1 of 2 squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus) placentas. intracytoplasmic type a particles, immature virus particles, and mature viruses with eccentric or occasionally centric nucleoids were associated with placental syncytiotrophoblasts. a spike layer typical of type b viruses was not detected in viral envelopes. onvornaviruses, identical to those previously isolated from squirrel monkey tissues and similar to ma ... | 1977 | 408507 |
| behavioral history as a determinant of the effects of d-amphetamine on punished behavior. | food-maintained responding by four squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) was suppressed by the presentation of electric shock (punishment). two of these monkeys were experimentally naive and two had a history of responding maintained by both shock-postponement and shock-presentation schedules. in accord with earlier studies, d-amphetamine did not increase punished responding by naive monkeys. however, it did increase punished responding in the others. subsequently, d-amphetamine also increased pun ... | 1977 | 408925 |
| nucleolar activity in the primate dorsal root ganglion cells associated with dietary protein malnutrition. | the nucleolar changes in the dorsal root ganglion cells of the squirrel monkey, saimiri sciureus, have been investigated by the use of histological and histochemical methods in the healthy neonates (born to mothers maintained on 25% protein diet during gestation) and young adults, and compared with those observed in the protein-malnourished neonates (born to mothers maintained on a 8% protein diet during gestation). also studied were young adults maintained on a high protein diet (25% protein) a ... | 1978 | 409053 |
| canine tooth clipping by animal trappers as a suspected cause of dental abscess in the squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus). | | 1977 | 409881 |
| breeding and rearing squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) in captivity. | a breeding colony of squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) was established to provide animals for behavioral research concerned with early development. the origin of the initial breeders was peru, colombia, and bolivia. during the past 10 years, the colony has grown to 125 adult females, 20 adult males, and 120 immature animals of various ages. the annual conception rate for the last 5 years averaged 68%. this resulted in 84% viable births of which 82% survived past 6 months of age. the majority o ... | 1977 | 409884 |
| social organization of captive monandrous squirrel monkey groups (saimiri sciureus). | 1 adult male and 4 adult female squirrel monkeys were observed together as a group, isolated from all other monkeys. 3 of the 4 females were deafened for a previous experiment. deafening, however, had no apparent, permanent effect on social behavior. social dominance hierarchy was evaluated in a variety of situations. the results were compared with those of a similar set of observations on the females prior to the introduction of the male. before the male was introduced, the dyadic interactions ... | 1977 | 410713 |
| brightness preference in nocturnal and diurnal south american monkeys. | in a test situation where choice was not tied to reinforcement, both squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) and owl monkeys (aotus trivirgatus) consistently chose to view the more luminant of a pair of lights. over a two log unit range of luminance, the degree of preference in both species for the brighter of two lights was found to depend on their difference in luminance and not on their actual luminances. | 1977 | 410714 |
| a note on the external genitalia of female squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus). | observations of six female squirrel monkeys, saimiri sciureus, indicate that the appearance of the external genitalia is hormone-dependent. estradiol benzoate induced opening of the vagina, swelling of the labia, enlargement of urethral papilla, and copious discharge of thick white vaginal secretion in ovariectomized females. | 1977 | 410941 |
| cortisol-mediated synchrinization of circadian rhythm in urinary potassium excretion. | conscious chair-acclimatized squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) studied with lights on (600 lx) from 0800 to 2000 h daily (ld 12:12) display a prominent circadian rhythm in renal potassium excretion. the characteristics of this rhythm were reproduced in adrenalectomized monkeys by infusing 5 mg cortisol and 0.001 mg aldosterone, or 5 mg cortisol alone, between 0800 and 0900 h daily. when the timing of cortisol adminisration (with or without aldosterone) was phase-delayed by 8 h, the urinary pot ... | 1977 | 411380 |
| facilitation by estradiol of midbrain and pontine unit responses to vaginal and somatosensory stimulation in the squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus). | | 1978 | 412699 |
| environmental synchronizers of squirrel monkey circadian rhythms. | various temporal signals in the environment were tested to determine if they could synchronize the circadian timing system of the squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus). the influence of cycles of light and dark, eating and fasting, water availability and deprivation, warm and cool temperature, sound and quiet, and social interaction and isolation was examined on the drinking and activity rhythms of unrestrained monkeys. in the absence of other time cues, 24-h cycles of each of these potential synch ... | 1977 | 412829 |
| malignant lymphoma in a squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus). | a juvenile male saimiri sciureus died of a tumor diagnosed as a histiocytic type of malignant lymphoma. the neoplasm presented as a thoracic mass occupying the posterior mediastinum and infiltrating the contiguous structures without involving distant nodes, the liver or spleen. the tumor tissue consisted of sheets or poorly defined clusters of fairly large cells with a vesicular nucleus and a variably abundant cytoplasm. the tumor cells were laid out in a poorly developed stroma of fine argyroph ... | 1977 | 412975 |
| oxygen consumption and thyroid function in the squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus). | thyroidal accumulation of 125i and the biological half-life of 131i-thyroxine were determined in the squirrel monkey. oxygen consumption and the respiratory quotient were also measured. a peak uptake of 131i by the thyroid of 45.3% of the injected isotope occurred 4 hours after administration of the radioisotope. the biological half-life of the 131i-thyroxine was 22-24 hours. oxygen consumption was 1.02 cm3 o2/g/hour and the respiratory quotient was 0.82. it was concluded that the squirrel monke ... | 1977 | 413000 |
| the duration of gestation in the squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus). | a restricted mating period was used to determine the duration of gestation in the squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus) of colombian-brazilian origin. ten pregnancies were observed. the length of the gestation period was found to range from 141 to 154 days with a mean of 146.9 +/- 3.28 sd, a median of 146.5, and a modal length of 146. | 1977 | 413002 |
| the effect of a synthetic polypeptide, threonyl-prolyl-arginyl-lysine, on ovulation in the squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus) and hamster. | synthetic tpal, a polypeptide reported to occur naturally in hamster zygotes, was tested at doses of 3 or 18 microgram/day for antiovulatory activity in cyclic hamsters (for 4 days) and squirrel monkeys (for 5 days) induced to ovulate. the tpal treatment did not alter the ovulatory response in hamsters or monkeys. | 1978 | 413917 |
| baseline pulmonary physiologic values for the squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus). | baseline pulmonary physiologic values were determined on 43 (421-910 g) male and 47 (425-604 g) female squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus). respiratory rate was found to be 55 +/- 1.9 (se) breaths per minute for males and 58 +/- 1.7 breaths per minute for females. tidal volume was 8.9 +/- 0.37 ml for males and 7.5 +/- 0.28 ml for females. airway resistance for the male was 0.052 +/- 0.006 cm h2o/ml/second; while for the female it was 0.086 +/- 0.011 cm h2o/ml/second. dynamic compliance was found ... | 1977 | 414021 |
| electrodermal response in the squirrel monkey. | an effort to find evidence of electrodermal response in the squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus), as found in man, some infra-human genera of simiae, and some lower mammals and amphibians, failed to locate an example. given anatomical considerations, the availability of this response in saimiri was suspected. in this study, using the skin conductance (constant voltage) method, monophasic electrodermal response as a result of novel or startle stimuli presentation was detected and a range of skin co ... | 1977 | 414198 |
| intratrigeminal and thalamic projections of nucleus caudalis in the squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus): a degeneration and autoradiographic study. | | 1978 | 415073 |
| annual and diurnal changes in plasma androgen and cortisol in adult male squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) studied longitudinally. | | 1978 | 415472 |
| comparison of synchronization of primate circadian rhythms by light and food. | several circadian rhythms in squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) entrained by two different agents were studied to compare their mode of coupling with the environmental zeitgebers. synchronization was accomplished either by light-dark cycles consisting of 12 h of 600 lx followed by 12 h of less than 1 lx (ld 12:12), or by eat-fast cycles in which the animals could eat for 3 h and then had to fast for the remaining 21 h each day (ef 3:21). the rhythms of drinking, colonic temperature, and urinary ... | 1978 | 415621 |
| facial expressions in captive squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus). | the facial expressions of captive, group-living squirrel monkeys are described. elements of facial expressions, the occurrence of these expressions and accompanying vocalizations are detailed. the range of facial expressions recorded for this species is similar to that previously reported for other simian primates. | 1978 | 417003 |
| annual reproductive strategy of the squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus). | the physiological and behavioral factors underlying the annual reproductive cycle of the squirrel monkey were evaluated under controlled laboratory conditions. mating activity following the formation of two social groups served to synchronize the reproductive phases during the subsequent year of observation. changes in male and female reproductive status were assessed during four designated phases: breeding, pregnancy, lactation and fatting. behavioral and somatic changes in gonadectomized subje ... | 1978 | 417004 |
| an anterograde degeneration study of the tangential spread of axons in cortical areas 17 and 18 of the squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus). | | 1978 | 417096 |
| experimental protein malnutrition in squirrel monkeys: cytochemical interaction of nucleolus and cytoplasm in the anterior horn cells of the spinal cord of saimiri sciureus. | nuecleolo-cytoplasmic relationships have been studied using histochemical techniques in the spinal cord of healthy neonates compared with those born to mothers malnourished through most of the gestation period, and healthy and severely protein-malnourished young adult squirrel monkeys. formaldehyde-fixed as well as fresh frozen tissues were used for histological study and for histochemical techniques to demonstrate lipids, carbohydrates, nucleic acids and enzymes of various metabolic cycles. cha ... | 1978 | 417556 |
| the neurons and the synaptic endings in the primate basilar pontine gray. | two types of neurons, projection and intrinsic, previously identified in golgi preparations of the adult monkey (macaca mulatta) basilar pontine gray (cooper and fox, '76) were observed electronmicroscopically in macaca mulatta and the squirrel monkey saimiri sciureus. the cell body of the projection neuron measures up to 37 micrometer and its cytoplasm is rich in organelles. the goli apparatus, ribosomes, and mitochondria are disposed around the nucleus, while rough endoplasmic reticulum though ... | 1978 | 418084 |
| comparative toxicity of netilmicin and gentamicin in squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus). | netilmicin was found to be less toxic than gentamicin when administered at comparable dosage levels to squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus). this finding is based upon data obtained from the following determinations: length of survival period; change in body weight; observation of general change in behavior after daily injection; ataxia, as measured by the squirrel monkey platform-runway test; acoustic reflex threshold; levels of blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine (and pathology of the kidn ... | 1978 | 418125 |
| the effect of superior temporal lesions on the recognition of species-specific calls in the squirrel monkey. | eleven squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) were trained to discriminate species-specific calls from non-species-specific complex sounds in a go, no-go procedure with social contact as positive reinforcement. the task required that the animals not only responded to a particular call but that this response should be generalized to any squirrel monkey call, whether or not it had been presented previously in training. after having reached a performance level of 75% correct responses in three consecu ... | 1977 | 563342 |
| cortico-cortical projections from striate cortex of the squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus). a radioautographic study. | in 13 squirrel monkeys [3h] leucine was injected into three different portions of the striate cortex: the occipital convexity, the interhemispheric surface and the depth of the calcarine fissure. after survival times between 8.5 h and 23 days. the radioautographic study of the brains revealed terminal fields of projection in various cortical areas outside the striate cortex. transport of labelled material to cortex close to the striate area and in the superior part of the supratemporal sulcus oc ... | 1975 | 803391 |