| neuropeptide y-like immunoreactive neurons in the suprachiasmatic-subparaventricular region in the hedgehog-tenrec. | the distribution of the neuropeptide y (npy) was studied in geniculate and peri-chiasmatic regions in the lesser hedgehog-tenrec, echinops telfairi (insectivora). only few neurons demonstrated npy-like immunoreactivity in the ventral lateral geniculate nucleus. in contrast, npy-immunoreactive perikarya were clearly present in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (sch) and dorsal and caudal to it. the latter region might correspond to the subparaventricular zone (spv), recently identified in the rat as an ... | 1992 | 1515927 |
| primary structure and oxygen-binding properties of the hemoglobin from the lesser hedgehog tenrec (echinops telfairi, zalambdodonta). evidence for phylogenetic isolation. | the primary structures of the alpha- and beta-hemoglobin chains of the lesser hedgehog tenrec (echinops telfairi, zalambdodonta) are presented. chain separation was performed by carboxymethyl-cellulose chromatography. the peptides, obtained by tryptic digestion of the oxidized chains, were prefractionated by gel chromatography and isolated by reversed-phase hplc. for sequence analysis gas and liquid phase sequencers were employed. the tenrec hemoglobin consists of one alpha- and two beta-chains ... | 1991 | 1793518 |
| [comparative anatomical studies of the vomeronasal complex and the rostral palate of various mammals. i]. | the anatomy of the vomeronasal complex and, in connection with this, the structures of the rostral palate were studied in different species of mammals, namely members of the order marsupialia, scandentia, insectivora, primates, rodentia, and lagomorpha. the following results were obtained: the organs of jacobson of all forms studied are well-developed. the organ of jacobson is situated at the base of the nasal septum and opens rostrally, always closely connected to the nasopalatine duct. even in ... | 1984 | 6489726 |
| basal telencephalic regions connected with the olfactory bulb in a madagascan hedgehog tenrec. | in an attempt to gain insight into the organization and evolution of the basal forebrain, the region was analysed cytoarchitecturally, chemoarchitecturally, and hodologically in a lower placental mammal, the lesser hedgehog tenrec. particular emphasis was laid on the subdivision of the olfactory tubercle, the nuclear complex of the diagonal band, and the cortical amygdala. the proper tubercule and the rostrolateral tubercular seam differed from each other with regard to their immunoreactivity to ... | 2000 | 10880998 |
| the subrhinal paleocortex in the hedgehog tenrec: a multiarchitectonic characterization and an analysis of its connections with the olfactory bulb. | in the madagascan hedgehog tenrec, echinops telfairi, the entire paleocortical region (pcx) subjacent to the rhinal indentation is composed of three layers and occupies up to two thirds of the lateral hemisphere. a clear differentiation of pcx into its presumed constituents, the piriform cortex and the entorhinal cortex, as seen in other mammals, has not been obtained so far. to gain insight into location and intrinsic organization of these areas in a basal placental mammal we investigated the t ... | 2000 | 11131016 |
| molecular evidence for the monophyly of tenrecidae (mammalia) and the timing of the colonization of madagascar by malagasy tenrecs. | tenrecs are a diverse family of insectivores, with an afro-malagasian biogeographic distribution. three subfamilies (geogalinae, oryzorictinae, tenrecinae) are restricted to madagascar and one subfamily, the otter shrews (potamogalinae), occurs on the mainland. morphological studies have generated conflicting hypotheses according to which both tenrecids and malagassy tenrecs are either monophyletic or paraphyletic. competing hypotheses have different implications for the biogeographic history of ... | 2002 | 11884160 |
| distribution of perihippocampo-hippocampal projection neurons in the lesser hedgehog tenrec. | the entorhinal cortex in the madagascan lesser hedgehog tenrec is thought to be part of the three-layered subrhinal paleocortex (pcx) but cyto- and chemoarchitectural studies have failed so far to identify the area. to reach this goal tracer injections were made into the tenrec's hippocampus. retrogradely labeled cells were found in dorsal portion of the posterior pcx, the adjacent rhinal cortex (rcx) and the so-called area xcx. the main paleocortical portion in the ventral pcx, however, remaine ... | 2002 | 12445628 |
| the phylogenetic relationships of insectivores with special reference to the lesser hedgehog tenrec as inferred from the complete sequence of their mitochondrial genome. | the complete mitochondrial genome of a lesser hedgehog tenrec echinops telfairi was determined in this study. it is an endemic african insectivore that is found specifically in madagascar. the tenrec's back is covered with hedgehog-like spines. unlike other spiny mammals, such as spiny mice, spiny rats, spiny dormice and porcupines, lesser hedgehog tenrecs look amazingly like true hedgehogs (erinaceidae). however, they are distinguished morphologically from hedgehogs by the absence of a jugal bo ... | 2003 | 12655143 |
| distortion product otoacoustic emissions and auditory evoked potentials in the hedgehog tenrec, echinops telfairi. | the hedgehog tenrec, echinops telfairi, has certain basal mammalian features, like a cloaca and a sparsely differentiated brain with smooth cerebral hemispheres. the peripheral auditory capabilities of this species were investigated by means of distortion product otoacoustic emissions (dpoae). for comparison, we determined auditory evoked potentials (aep) in the inferior colliculus and the auditory cortex. both methods show that the auditory range of e. telfairi extends well into ultrasonic freq ... | 2003 | 14569428 |
| cutaneous eccrine glands of the foot pads of the small madagascan tenrec ( echinops telfairi, insectivora, tenrecidae): skin glands in a primitive mammal. | in order to find correlations between skin gland morphology and specific ethological features, the cutaneous glands of the foot pads of the primitive mammal the madagascan tenrec, echinops telfairi, were studied by histological and various histochemical methods as well as by electron microscopy. in the foot pads specific eccrine skin glands occurred consisting of coiled ducts and tubular secretory portions, the lumina of which were considerably wider than in primate sweat glands. the secretory t ... | 2004 | 14586691 |
| an extrahippocampal projection from the dentate gyrus to the olfactory tubercle. | the dentate gyrus is well known for its mossy fiber projection to the hippocampal field 3 (ca3) and its extensive associational and commissural connections. the dentate gyrus, on the other hand, has only few projections to the ca1 and the subiculum, and none have clearly been shown to extrahippocampal target regions. | 2005 | 15927048 |
| thalamo-striatal projections in the hedgehog tenrec. | unlike the basal ganglia input from the midline and intralaminar nuclei, the origin and prominence of striatal projections arising in the lateral thalamus varies considerably among mammals being most restricted in the opossum and monkey, most extensive in the rat. to get further insight into the evolution of thalamo-striatal pathways the madagascar lesser hedgehog tenrec (afrotheria) was investigated using anterograde and retrograde flow techniques. an extensive medial thalamic region (including ... | 2006 | 16777080 |
| glycosylation at the fetomaternal interface in hemomonochorial placentae from five widely separated species of mammal: is there evidence for convergent evolution? | hemomonochorial placentation occurs in diverse species. we have examined placental glycosylation in five widely separated mammals with this type of placentation--lesser hedgehog tenrec (echinops telfairi), spotted hyena (crocuta crocuta), nine-banded armadillo (dasypus novemcinctus), human (homo sapiens) and guinea pig (cavia porcellus)--in order to assess whether evolutionary convergence to the hemomonochorial state is accompanied by a similar convergence of glycan expression. placentae from 2 ... | 2007 | 17587801 |
| torpor and hibernation in a basal placental mammal, the lesser hedgehog tenrec echinops telfairi. | the patterns of heterothermy were measured in lesser hedgehog tenrecs, echinops telfairi, under semi-natural conditions in an outdoor enclosure during the austral mid-winter in southwestern madagascar. the animals were implanted with miniaturized body temperature (tb) loggers (ibuttons) that measured body temperature every 42 min for 2 months (may and june). the tenrecs entered daily torpor on all 60 consecutive days of measurement, that is, on 100% of animal days, with body temperature closely ... | 2008 | 18368412 |
| transposition and intermingling of galphai2 and galphao afferences into single vomeronasal glomeruli in the madagascan lesser tenrec echinops telfairi. | the vomeronasal system (vns) mediates pheromonal communication in mammals. from the vomeronasal organ, two populations of sensory neurons, expressing either galphai2 or galphao proteins, send projections that end in glomeruli distributed either at the rostral or caudal half of the accessory olfactory bulb (aob), respectively. neurons at the aob contact glomeruli of a single subpopulation. the dichotomic segregation of aob glomeruli has been described in opossums, rodents and rabbits, while prima ... | 2009 | 19956694 |
| slow age-dependent decline of doublecortin expression and brdu labeling in the forebrain from lesser hedgehog tenrecs. | in addition to synaptic remodeling, formation of new neurons is increasingly acknowledged as an important cue for plastic changes in the central nervous system. whereas all vertebrates retain a moderate neuroproliferative capacity, phylogenetically younger mammals become dramatically impaired in this potential during aging. the present study shows that the lesser hedgehog tenrec, an insectivore with a low encephalization index, preserves its neurogenic potential surprisingly well during aging. t ... | 2010 | 20298680 |
| modeling hippocampal neurogenesis across the lifespan in seven species. | the aim of this study was to estimate the number of new cells and neurons added to the dentate gyrus across the lifespan, and to compare the rate of age-associated decline in neurogenesis across species. data from mice (mus musculus), rats (rattus norvegicus), lesser hedgehog tenrecs (echinops telfairi), macaques (macaca mulatta), marmosets (callithrix jacchus), tree shrews (tupaia belangeri), and humans (homo sapiens) were extracted from 21 data sets published in 14 different reports. analysis ... | 2011 | 21621300 |
| amygdalar connections in the lesser hedgehog tenrec. | the present study analyses the overall extrinsic connectivity of the non-olfactory amygdala (ay) in the lesser hedgehog tenrec. the data were obtained from tracer injections into the lateral and intermediate portions of the ay as well as several non-amygdalar brain regions. both the solitary and the parabrachial nucleus receive descending projections from the central nucleus of the ay, but only the parabrachial nucleus appears to project to the ay. there is one prominent region in the ventromedi ... | 2011 | 21638204 |
| [eye gland secretion in the tenrecidae setifer setosus (froriep 1806), echinops telfairi (martin 1838), microgale dobsoni (thomas 1918) and microgale talazaci (thomas 1918)]. | | 2015 | 4476143 |
| parabrachio-cortical connections with the lateral hemisphere in the madagascan hedgehog tenrec: prominent projections to layer 1, weak projections from layer 6. | the present study was undertaken to further characterize and subdivide the rhinal cortex (insular and perirhinal areas) in the hedgehog tenrec (echinops telfairi), a placental mammal with a rather low encephalisation index. injections of wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase into the dorsolateral pontine tegmentum revealed a prominent layer 1 projection to several rhinal target areas, while the rhinal cortex only stained weakly for the calcitonin gene-related peptide. among the regions re ... | 2002 | 11927376 |
| olfactory bulb and retrobulbar regions in the hedgehog tenrec: organization and interconnections. | the madagascan lesser hedgehog tenrec (echinops telfairi) is a terrestrial, nocturnal insectivore with a low encephalization index and a huge olfactory bulb. to gain insight into the organization and evolution of olfactory regions in placental mammals, the cytoarchitecture (nissl), neurochemical attributes [zinc and acetylcholinesterase stain, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (nadph)-diaphorase, and calcium-binding proteins], and interconnections (injections of wheat germ agglutinin-h ... | 2000 | 10880997 |
| distribution of cortical neurons projecting to dorsal column nuclear complex and spinal cord in the hedgehog tenrec, echinops telfairi. | using retrograde axonal flow and wheatgerm agglutinin conjugated to horseradish peroxidase, we studied the distribution of cortical neurons giving rise to spinal and dorsal column nuclear projections, and correlated the regions involved in the projections with the cytoarchitectonic areas recently identified in the lesser hedgehog tenrec, echinops telfairi (insectivora). labeled cortical neurons were most numerous following injections of tracer into higher cervical segments, whereas almost none w ... | 1992 | 1414117 |
| molecular evolution of the neurohypophysial hormone precursors in mammals: comparative genomics reveals novel mammalian oxytocin and vasopressin analogues. | among vertebrates the neurohypophysial hormones show considerable variation. however, in eutherian mammals they have been considered rather conserved, with arginine vasopressin (avp) and oxytocin (ot) in all species except pig and some relatives, where lysine vasopressin replaces avp. the availability of genomic data for a wide range of mammals makes it possible to assess whether these peptides and their precursors may be more variable in eutheria than previously suspected. a survey of these dat ... | 2012 | 22995712 |
| photoreceptor types and distributions in the retinae of insectivores. | the retinae of insectivores have been rarely studied, and their photoreceptor arrangements and expression patterns of visual pigments are largely unknown. we have determined the presence and distribution of cones in three species of shrews (common shrew sorex araneus, greater white-toothed shrew crocidura russula, dark forest shrew crocidura poensis; soricidae) and in the lesser hedgehog tenrec echinops telfairi (tenrecidae). special cone types were identified and quantified in flattened whole r ... | 2008 | 11193110 |
| discovery of alpha-defensins in basal mammals. | alpha-defensins are essential molecules of the innate immune system that have broad spectrum antimicrobial activity against a range of bacteria and viruses. to date, alpha-defensins have only been identified in the euarchontoglires branch of the mammals. this has led to speculation that alpha-defensins may be specific to this group, a somewhat surprising finding, given their importance in the immune system. the mammalian genome project provided us with the opportunity to search for alpha-defensi ... | 2007 | 17367857 |
| development and embryonic staging in non-model organisms: the case of an afrotherian mammal. | studies of evolutionary developmental biology commonly use 'model organisms' such as fruit flies or mice, and questions are often functional or epigenetic. phylogenetic investigations, in contrast, typically use species that are less common and mostly deal with broad scale analyses in the tree of life. however, important evolutionary transformations have taken place at all taxonomic levels, resulting in such diverse forms as elephants and shrews. to understand the mechanisms underlying morpholog ... | 2013 | 22537021 |
| on the presence of dendrite bundles in the cerebral cortex of the madagascan lesser hedgehog tenrec and the red-eared pond turtle. | in mammals with a well-differentiated neocortex apical dendrites of pyramidal cells form vertical bundles. little is known about the presence of dendrite bundles in animals with a poorly differentiated cortex. in this paper the presence of dendrite bundles has been investigated in the lesser hedgehog tenrec, echinops telfairi, a basal insectivore with a very low degree of neocorticalization. in a further step the arrangement of dendrites has been analyzed in the cerebral cortex of the red-eared ... | 1997 | 9310312 |
| mitochondrial proton leak compensates for reduced oxidative power during frequent hypothermic events in a protoendothermic mammal,echinops telfairi. | the lesser hedgehog tenrec (echinops telfairi) displays reptile-like thermoregulatory behavior with markedly high variability in body temperature and metabolic rate. to understand how energy metabolism copes with this flexibility, we studied the bioenergetics of isolated liver mitochondria from cold (20°c) and warm (27°c) acclimated tenrecs. different acclimation temperatures had no impact on mitochondrial respiration using succinate as the substrate. mimicking the variation of body temperature ... | 2017 | 29176953 |
| obstetrical and postpartum complications in lesser madagascar hedgehog tenrecs (echinops telfairi): four cases. | currently, little is known about diseases and health concerns in tenrecs, family tenrecidae. during the past 10 yr of breeding lesser madagascar hedgehog tenrecs ( echinops telfairi ) at a single zoological institution, a diverse range of obstetric and postpartum complications have been observed: pyometra, metritis, retained fetal membranes, retained fetus, perinatal mortality, and maternal neglect with subsequent successful hand-rearing of neonates. treatment of these problems is complicated in ... | 2017 | 28749276 |
| evaluation of husbandry and mortality in lesser hedgehog tenrecs (echinops telfairi). | causes of morbidity and mortality for various species of tenrecs have not been widely published, aside from several reports of neoplasia, and these data are crucial for advancing objectives for preventive medicine, diagnosis, and treatment. a survey on husbandry, morbidity, and mortality of lesser hedgehog tenrecs ( echinops telfairi ) in association of zoos and aquariums (aza) institutions was conducted. out of 32 institutions, 20 responded with data for 98 living and 93 dead animals. the most ... | 2017 | 28749271 |
| phylogenetic analysis of the allometry of metabolic rate and mitochondrial basal proton leak. | the mitochondrial basal proton leak (mbpl) significantly contributes to high body temperatures (tb) and basal metabolic rates (bmr) in endotherms. in endotherms at a given body mass (m), liver mbpl is higher than in ectotherms, supporting the notion that mbpl may partly explain the evolutionary increase in metabolic rate (mr), fostering endothermy. here, we re-addressed this assumption by performing a phylogenetic analysis comparing all available liver mbpl data for ecto- and endotherms. while m ... | 2017 | 28689725 |
| brown adipose tissue: physiological function and evolutionary significance. | in modern eutherian (placental) mammals, brown adipose tissue (bat) evolved as a specialized thermogenic organ that is responsible for adaptive non-shivering thermogenesis (nst). for nst, energy metabolism of bat mitochondria is increased by activation of uncoupling protein 1 (ucp1), which dissipates the proton motive force as heat. despite the presence of ucp1 orthologues prior to the divergence of teleost fish and mammalian lineages, ucp1's significance for thermogenic adipose tissue emerged a ... | 2015 | 25966796 |
| antioxidant properties of ucp1 are evolutionarily conserved in mammals and buffer mitochondrial reactive oxygen species. | mitochondrial uncoupling reduces reactive oxygen species (ros) production and appears to be important for cellular signaling/protection, making it a focus for the treatment of metabolic and age-related diseases. whereas the physiological role of uncoupling protein 1 (ucp1) of brown adipose tissue is established for thermogenesis, the function of ucp1 in the reduction of ros in cold-exposed animals is currently under debate. here, we investigated the role of ucp1 in mitochondrial ros handling in ... | 2014 | 25224037 |
| brown fat in a protoendothermic mammal fuels eutherian evolution. | endothermy has facilitated mammalian species radiation, but the sequence of events leading to sustained thermogenesis is debated in multiple evolutionary models. here we study the lesser hedgehog tenrec (echinops telfairi), a phylogenetically ancient, 'protoendothermic' eutherian mammal, in which constantly high body temperatures are reported only during reproduction. evidence for nonshivering thermogenesis is found in vivo during periodic ectothermic-endothermic transitions. anatomical studies ... | 2013 | 23860571 |
| treatment of an amelanotic melanoma using radiation therapy in a lesser madagascar hedgehog tenrec (echinops telfairi). | a 15-yr-old, male lesser madagascar hedgehog tenrec (echinops telfairi) presented with a mass caudal to the right ear. cytology suggested a sarcoma. surgical removal was attempted. histology was consistent with a soft tissue sarcoma. the mass recurred within 331 days post operation. radiation therapy was initiated. computed tomography was used for staging in conjunction with three-dimensional computerized treatment planning software to permit accurate lesion localization and to optimize normal t ... | 2010 | 20722271 |
| aggrecan-based extracellular matrix shows unique cortical features and conserved subcortical principles of mammalian brain organization in the madagascan lesser hedgehog tenrec (echinops telfairi martin, 1838). | the madagascan tenrecs (afrotheria), an ancient mammalian clade, are characterized by unique brain anatomy. striking features are an expanded paleocortex but a small and poorly differentiated neocortex devoid of a distinct granular layer iv. to investigate the organization of cortical areas we analyzed extracellular matrix components in perineuronal nets (pns) using antibodies to aggrecan, lectin staining and hyaluronan-binding protein. selected subcortical regions were studied to correlate the ... | 2010 | 19682554 |
| prolactin in the afrotheria: characterization of genes encoding prolactin in elephant (loxodonta africana), hyrax (procavia capensis) and tenrec (echinops telfairi). | pituitary prolactin shows an episodic pattern of molecular evolution, with occasional short bursts of rapid change imposed on a generally rather slow evolutionary rate. in mammals, episodes of rapid change occurred in the evolution of primates, cetartiodactyls, rodents and the elephant. the bursts of rapid evolution in cetartiodactyls and rodents were followed by duplications of the prolactin gene that gave rise to large families of prolactin-related proteins including placental lactogens, while ... | 2009 | 19017712 |
| the presence and absence of prosencephalic cell groups relaying striatal information to the medial and lateral thalamus in tenrec. | although there are remarkable differences regarding the output organization of basal ganglia between mammals and non-mammals, mammalian species with poorly differentiated brain have scarcely been investigated in this respect. the aim of the present study was to identify the pallidal neurons giving rise to thalamic projections in the madagascar lesser hedgehog tenrec (afrotheria). following tracer injections into the thalamus, retrogradely labelled neurons were found in the depth of the olfactory ... | 2008 | 18510507 |
| the adaptational strategies of the hindlimb muscles in the tenrecidae species including the aquatic web-footed tenrec (limnogale mergulus). | the hindlimb muscles in four species of tenrecidae (oryzoryctinae: talazac long-tailed tenrec and web-footed tenrec, tenrecinae: lesser hedgehog tenrec, and streaked tenrec), were examined macroscopically. the weight ratios of the muscles to the body in the oryzoryctinid species are larger than those in tenrecinae, since the oryzoryctinae species have an obviously smaller body from the evolutionary point of view. it can be primarily pointed out that the adaptation of the body size is different b ... | 2006 | 16856604 |
| high inter-individual variation in the gestation length of the hedgehog tenrec, echinops telfairi (afrotheria). | the gestation length (gl) of tenrecs (tenrecinae, afrotheria) is still uncertain. this lack of knowledge also applies to the lesser hedgehog tenrec, echinops telfairi, the species most commonly bred and maintained in captivity. the animals used in this study were held under controlled conditions (light, temperature and humidity). in order to determine the gl, groups of female tenrecs were subjected to various mating procedures followed by isolation periods of different lengths. a total of n=249 ... | 2007 | 16569484 |
| organization of the main olfactory bulb of lesser hedgehog tenrecs. | using a confocal laser scanning microscope (clsm) and an electron microscope, we investigated the organization of the main olfactory bulb (mob) of tenrecs, which were previously included into insectivores but now considered to be in a new order "afrosoricida" in the superclade 'afrotheria'. we confirmed that the overall structural organization of the tenrec mob was similar to that of rodents: (1) the compartmental organization of glomeruli and two types of periglomerular cells we proposed as the ... | 2005 | 16165240 |
| structure of the ovaries of the nimba otter shrew, micropotamogale lamottei, and the madagascar hedgehog tenrec, echinops telfairi. | the otter shrews are members of the subfamily potamogalinae within the family tenrecidae. no description of the ovaries of any member of this subfamily has been published previously. the lesser hedgehog tenrec, echinops telfairi, is a member of the subfamily tenrecinae of the same family and, although its ovaries have not been described, other members of this subfamily have been shown to have ovaries with non-antral follicles. examination of these two species illustrated that non-antral follicle ... | 2005 | 16046864 |
| the striatum in the hedgehog tenrec: histochemical organization and cortical afferents. | in order to get insight into the striopallidal organization in mammals with little differentiated brain the striatum of the lesser hedgehog tenrec (afrotheria) was characterized histochemically and analysed with regard to its cortical afferents using axonal tracer substances. the majority of neocortical cells projecting to the striatum were found bilaterally in the layers 2 and 3 of the frontal hemisphere; caudalwards the relative number of cells increased somewhat in the upper layer 5. there wa ... | 2005 | 15713262 |
| development of the haemophagous region and labyrinth of the placenta of the tenrec, echinops telfairi. | our purpose was to determine how the central haemophagous region and cellular haemomonochorial labyrinth of the tenrec placenta are formed. the haemophagous region is preceded by a region of invasion of the endometrium by trophoblast comprising a cytotrophoblast layer covered by syncytial trophoblast and contiguous with numerous masses of multinucleate trophoblast. the trophoblast intrudes into the endometrium, eliminating the stroma, although small vessels and clumps of glandular epithelium per ... | 2015 | 15708127 |
| structure of the definitive placenta of the tenrec, echinops telfairi. | until recently, tenrecs were classified with insectivores in the order lipotyphla, but nucleotide sequence data suggest they have closer affinities with a group of african mammals called afrotheria. the placenta of echinops has not been described and no studies involving electron microscopy of the placenta of any species of tenrec have been published. we used light and transmission electron microscopy to examine fixed placentae of embryos ranging from 25-66 mm in length. the placental disk is si ... | 2006 | 14972454 |
| zebrin ii compartmentation of the cerebellum in a basal insectivore, the madagascan hedgehog tenrec echinops telfairi. | the mammalian cerebellum is histologically uniform. however, underlying the simple laminar architecture is a complex arrangement of parasagittal stripes and transverse zones that can be revealed by the expression of zebrin ii/aldolase c. the cerebellar cortex of rodents, for example, is organized into four transverse zones: anterior, central, posterior and nodular. within the anterior and posterior zones, parasagittal stripes of purkinje cells expressing zebrin ii alternate with those that do no ... | 2003 | 14529046 |
| hippocampal fields in the hedgehog tenrec. their architecture and major intrinsic connections. | the madagascan lesser hedgehog tenrec was investigated to get insight into the areal evolution of the hippocampal formation in mammals with poorly differentiated brains. the hippocampal subdivisions were analyzed using cyto- and chemoarchitectural criteria; long associational and commissural connections were demonstrated with tracer techniques. the hedgehog tenrec shows a well differentiated dentate gyrus, ca3 and ca1. their major intrinsic connections lie within the band of variations known fro ... | 2001 | 11672840 |
| multiarchitectonic characterization of insular, perirhinal and related regions in a basal mammal, echinops telfairi. | the rhinal cortex was investigated in the madagascan lesser hedgehog tenrec, a basal placental mammal. this region parallels the rhinal indentation and presumably contains the equivalents of the insular and perirhinal cortices. using cyto- and myeloarchitectural, enzyme- and immunohistochemical criteria as well as data on the connections with the olfactory bulb, the rhinal cortex was subdivided tentatively along its rostrocaudal and dorsoventral planes. an area caudally adjacent to the rhinal co ... | 2000 | 11131017 |
| trigeminal projections to thalamus and subthalamus in the hedgehog tenrec. | the objective of the present study was the identification and characterization of the trigemino-diencephalic target areas in the madagascan lesser hedgehog tenrec in order to get a more comprehensive view on the mammalian somatosensory thalamus, its evolution and representation in different species. such an analysis has been considered important because in lower mammals the head and face are relatively well represented, but their ascending trigeminal projections have scarcely been analysed. foll ... | 1998 | 9881877 |
| thalamic territories innervated by cerebellar nuclear afferents in the hedgehog tenrec, echinops telfairi. | to gain more insight into the evolution and functional significance of cerebrocerebellar circuits, the cerebellothalamic projections were studied with anterograde tracer substances in the madagascan lesser hedgehog, tenrec. this insectivore shows one of the lowest size indices among mammals for both the cerebellar nuclei and the neocortex. almost all cerebellodiencephalic target areas found in the tenrec have been described in other mammals. the intensity and extent of particular projections, ho ... | 1998 | 9853902 |
| origin and terminal distribution of the trigeminal projections to the inferior and superior colliculi in the lesser hedgehog tenrec. | the trigemino-tectal projections were investigated with anterograde and retrograde tracing techniques in the madagascan lesser hedgehog tenrec, echinops telfairi. there were prominent contralateral projections to the inferior colliculus (coi) and the superior colliculus (cos), each showing its own characteristic pattern of terminations. while the projections to the coi were confined consistently to a circumscribed region in its ventrolateral, external portion, the projections from particularly t ... | 1998 | 9753145 |
| organization of sensory cortex in a madagascan insectivore, the tenrec (echinops telfairi). | we identified subdivisions of somatosensory cortex, and the borders and extents of auditory and visual cortex in madagascan tenrecs (echinops telfairi) by using microelectrode recording techniques and cortical myeloarchitecture. there was evidence for three distinct somatosensory fields. the primary somatosensory area (s1) contained an orderly representation of the contralateral body surface that stained darkly for myelin. neurons were activated by light touch, and receptive fields were often sm ... | 1997 | 9067832 |
| diencephalic connections of the superior colliculus in the hedgehog tenrec. | using different tracer substances the pathways connecting the superior colliculus with the diencephalon were studied in the madagascan hedgehog tenrec (echinops telfairi), a nocturnal insectivore with tiny eyes, a small and little differentiated superior colliculus and a visual cortex with no obvious fourth granular layer. the most prominent tecto-thalamic projection terminated in the ipsilateral dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus. the entire region receiving contralateral retinal afferents was l ... | 1996 | 8911930 |
| efferents from the lateral frontal cortex to spinomedullary target areas, trigeminal nuclei, and spinally projecting brainstem regions in the hedgehog tenrec. | this study was done in the madagascan lesser hedgehog tenrec, an insectivore with a very poorly differentiated neocortex. the cortical region, known to give rise to spinal projections, was injected with tracer, and the cortical efferents to brainstem and spinal cord were analyzed. bulbar reticular fields, in addition, were identified according to their cells of origin and the laterality of their spinal projections after injection of tracer. only few cortical fibers could be traced from the bulba ... | 1996 | 8841923 |
| regional and laminar distribution of cortical neurons projecting to either superior or inferior colliculus in the hedgehog tenrec. | retrograde tracer substances were injected into either the inferior or the superior colliculus in the madagascan hedgehog tenrec, echinops telfairi (insectivora), to reveal the laminar and regional distribution of corticotectal cells and to correlate the labeled areas with architectural data. the tenrecs, taken from our breeding colony, have one of the least differentiated cerebral cortices among mammals, and experimental investigations of such brains are important for the understanding of the e ... | 2007 | 7580126 |
| crossed thalamocortical connections in the madagascan hedgehog tenrec: dissimilarities to erinaceous hedgehog, similarities to mammals with more differentiated brains. | the adult erinaceous hedgehog, unlike other mammals, has recently been shown to have prominent crossed projections from the thalamus to the motor cortex. there are suggestions relating this unique pattern of connectivity to the overall degree of brain differentiation and/or the poorly developed corpus callosum. the present tracing study demonstrates that the madagascan lesser hedgehog tenrec, with its tiny corpus callosum and one of the lowest neocorticalization indices among insectivores, has e ... | 1995 | 7541906 |
| somatovisceral projections from spinal cord and dorsal column nuclei to the thalamus in hedgehog tenrecs. | in order first to overcome the difficulties in understanding the increasing amount of information available regarding the mammalian somatosensory thalamus, and then to correlate the findings among different species and integrate them into a general concept of thalamic organization, the present study investigated the spinothalamic and medial lemniscal projections in madagascan hedgehog tenrecs (echinops telfairi and setifer setosus). tracer substances were injected into the dorsal column nuclei a ... | 1994 | 7976007 |
| tectal and related target areas of spinal and dorsal column nuclear projections in hedgehog tenrecs. | the terminal distributions of spinal and dorsal column nuclear projections to tectum, pretectum, and central gray of hedgehog tenrecs (echinops telfairi and setifer setosus) were investigated using anterograde axonal flow and various tracer substances. in the inferior colliculus, the densest and most extensive mesencephalic projections were found within the pericentral regions. one target area, referred to as the external portion of the inferior colliculus, was represented as a semicircle of gra ... | 1993 | 8237220 |
| meso-diencephalic regions projecting to spinal cord and dorsal column nuclear complex in the hedgehog-tenrec, echinops telfairi. | the distribution of neurons projecting to the spinal cord and dorsal column nuclear complex was investigated in the mesodiencephalic regions of the lesser hedgehog-tenrec, echinops telfairi (insectivora) by using the retrograde flow technique. while only few neurons projected to the dorsal column nuclear complex, numerous cells were found to give rise to spinal projections. rubro-spinal neurons of various sizes were distributed over the entire rostrocaudal extent of the contra-lateral nucleus; a ... | 1992 | 1736685 |
| the impact of selective logging on forest structure and tenrec populations in western madagascar. | this paper reports on possible effects of selective logging on vegetation structure and its consequences for two tenrec species in a dry forest in western madagascar. on a small scale semi-mechanized logging of less than 10 m3per ha alters forest structure significantly. however on a large scale most of these changes are smaller than the variation of forest structure due to natural causes. the most profound ecological effect of logging is a reduction in the number of woody species in the regener ... | 1990 | 28312786 |
| retinofugal projections in hedgehog-tenrecs (echinops telfairi and setifer setosus). | using the autoradiographic tracing technique the retinal projections were studied in the tenrecs, echinops telfairi and setifer setosus (insectivora, tenrecidae). bilateral projections were found to the n. suprachiasmaticus, the anterior hypothalamic area, the dorsal and ventral lateral geniculate bodies, the pretectal olivary nucleus and the superior colliculus. the contralateral projections were usually more intense than the ipsilateral ones except the retinohypothalamic connections. a partial ... | 1988 | 3377203 |
| [odor marking of the tenrec (echinops telfairi martin)]. | | 1965 | 5874922 |
| [on the helminth fauna of the tenrec (echinops telfairi martin)]. | | 1962 | 13963856 |
| evolution of the mammalian insulin (ins) gene; changes in proteolytic processing. | disruption of insulin signaling in humans leads to diabetes yet changes in insulin function is tolerated in some species. taking advantage of the large number of publicly available mammalian genome sequences i identified insulin gene (ins) in the genomes of 151 of 156 mammalian species with well-annotated genomes, of which 141 had complete ins coding sequences. complete ins coding sequences were identified from 8 additional species that lack complete genomes. duplicated ins genes were found in 1 ... | 2020 | 33144093 |
| osteomalacia with hyperostosis in captive lesser hedgehog tenrecs (echinops telfairi). | four captive, lesser hedgehog tenrecs (echinops telfairi) were euthanized for soft bones that prevented normal mastication and/or ambulation. antemortem radiographs (available in 2 cases) revealed osteopenia. antemortem bloodwork (available in 2 cases) revealed hypophosphatemia. dietary history (available in 2 cases) indicated the animals were eating only insects. histologically, all examined bones had wide osteoid seams that caused expansion of the cortices. osteoid deposition was exuberant and ... | 2020 | 32744142 |
| ambient temperature cycles affect daily torpor and hibernation patterns in malagasy tenrecs. | hibernation and daily torpor (heterothermy) allow endotherms to cope with demanding environmental conditions. the depth and duration of torpor bouts vary considerably between tropical and temperate climates, and tropical hibernators manage to cope with a wider spectrum of ambient temperature (ta) regimes during heterothermy. as cycles in ta can have profound effects on activity and torpor patterns as well as energy expenditure, we examined how these characteristics are affected by daily fluctuat ... | 2020 | 32547412 |
| molecular detection of rickettsia spp., borrelia spp., bartonella spp. and yersinia pestis in ectoparasites of endemic and domestic animals in southwest madagascar. | little is known about the presence of vector-borne bacteria in southwest madagascar. anthropogenic alteration of natural habitats represents an important driver for the emergence of new diseases. especially the involvement of livestock and the involuntary maintaining of invasive synanthropic animals (particularly rats) facilitate disease transmission from wildlife to humans and associated animals and vice versa. the dissemination or acquisition of ectoparasites is most likely in regions where hu ... | 2020 | 31935354 |
| microscopic structure of the tongue in the lesser hedgehog tenrec (echinops telfairi, afrosoricida) and its relation to phylogenesis. | the tongue of the lesser hedgehog tenrec (echinops telfairi) was evaluated by light and scanning electron microscopy. dorsal and lateral surfaces of the tongue were densely covered with various types of lingual papillae. two types of mechanical papillae (filiform and conical) and two types of sensory papillae (fungiform and vallate) were observed. rostrocaudally, the number of spikes in filiform papillae increased. filiform, crown-like papillae were found on the radix, as well as large conical p ... | 2020 | 31933048 |
| radial glial elements in the cerebral cortex of the lesser hedgehog tenrec. | we investigated astroglial cells in several areas of the telencephalic cortex of the lesser hedgehog tenrec (echinops telfairi). compared to other mammals, the cortex of the tenrec has a relatively large paleocortex and a low encephalization index. we stained sections from tenrec forebrains with structural and functional glia markers focusing on selected cortical areas, the paleocortex, rhinal cortex, neocortex and the dentate gyrus of the hippocampal formation. we found that in all parts of the ... | 2018 | 30094606 |