| [trematodes parasitizing the white-tailed eagle (haliaeetus albicilla l.)]. | five white-tailed eagles were dissected--3 from the czech republic and 2 from poland. 4 specimens were infected with trematodes only: strigea falconis, neodiplostomum (conodiplostomum) perlatum, and paracoenogonimus ovatus. s. falconis was found for the first time in an eagle from the czech republic, whereas n. (c.) perlatum and p. ovatus were detected for the first time in eagle from poland. moreover, n. (c.) perlatum is a new species for the polish parasite fauna. | 1993 | 8122425 |
| total mercury in feathers of white-tailed eagle (haliaeetus albicilla l.) from northern germany over 50 years. | | 2000 | 10857452 |
| perfluorooctanesulfonate and related fluorinated hydrocarbons in marine mammals, fishes, and birds from coasts of the baltic and the mediterranean seas. | perfluorooctanesulfonate (pfos; c8f17so3-), perfluorooctanesulfonamide (fosa; c8f17so2nh2), perfluorohexanesulfonate (pfhxs; c6f13so3-), and perfluorooctanoate (pfoa; c7f15co2-) were detected in 175 samples of liver and blood of bluefin tuna (thunnus thynnus), swordfish (xiphias gladius), common cormorants (phalacrocorax carbo), bottlenose dolphins (tursiops truncatus), striped dolphins (stenella coeruleoalba), common dolphins (delphinus delphi), fin whales (balenoptera physalus), and long-finne ... | 2002 | 12188342 |
| white-tailed eagles (haliaeetus albicilla) in schleswig-holstein no longer endangered by organochlorines. | | 2006 | 17219310 |
| [digenea of haliaeetus albicilla (linnaeus, 1758) and pandion haliaetus (linnaeus, 1758) from middle and north-western poland]. | in 2003-2008 eight white-tailed eagles and two ospreys from middle and north-western poland were examined for the presence of parasites. nine birds were infected with 5 digenean species: conodiplostomum perlatum, paracoenogonimus ovatus, strigeafalconis, metorchis crassiusculus and nematostrigea serpens. m. crassiusculus was found for the first time in an eagle from poland. | 2008 | 19338229 |
| zero prevalence of influenza a virus in two raptor species by standard screening. | disease can have severe impact on animal populations, especially in rare species. baseline data for atypical host species are missing for a range of infectious diseases, although such hosts are potentially more affected than the normal vectors and reservoir species. if highly pathogenic avian influenza strikes rare birds of prey, this may have crucial impact on the predator species itself, but also on the food web in which it interacts. here we present the first large-scale screening of raptors ... | 2010 | 19877810 |
| avian poxvirus infection in a white-tailed sea eagle (haliaeetus albicilla) in japan. | an adult female white-tailed sea eagle (haliaeetus albicilla), over 12 years old, was found moribund and sent to the wildlife rescue center in kushiro, japan. grossly, the bird had multifocal yellow to black nodules in the beak, tongue, mucosa of the oral cavity, eyelids, and legs. histologically, the cutaneous nodules revealed severe epidermal hyperplasia. the thickened epithelium, from prickle cell layer to horny layer, consisted of swollen keratinocytes containing frequent eosinophilic intra- ... | 2009 | 19937537 |
| avian pox infection in a free-living crested serpent eagle (spilornis cheela) in southern taiwan. | avian pox viruses (apvs) have been reported to cause infection in diverse avian species worldwide. herein we report the first case of apv infection in a free-living bird, a subadult crested serpent eagle (spilornis cheela), in taiwan. in addition to the typical wart-like lesions distributed on the cere, eyelid, and face, there were also yellowish nodules below the tongue and on the hard palate. phylogenetic analysis of the 4b core protein gene showed that the apv is very close to that found in w ... | 2011 | 21500652 |
| mortality factors and diseases in free-ranging eurasian cranes (grus grus) in germany. | detailed postmortem examinations were performed on 167 free-ranging eurasian cranes (grus grus) from germany, collected between september 1998 and december 2008 to evaluate causes of death and diseases. the most common causes of mortality were traumatic injuries (n=105, 62.9%) from collisions with power lines (n=39, 23.4%) and wire fences (n=12, 7.2%). a group of 28 eurasian cranes (16.8%) died from organophosphate intoxication. predation by white-tailed sea eagles (haliaeetus albicilla) and red ... | 2011 | 21719827 |
| reference intervals for intraocular pressure measured by rebound tonometry in ten raptor species and factors affecting the intraocular pressure. | intraocular pressure (iop) was measured with the tonovet rebound tonometer in 10 raptor species, and possible factors affecting iop were investigated. a complete ophthalmic examination was performed, and iop was assessed in 2 positions, upright and dorsal recumbency, in 237 birds belonging to the families accipitridae, falconidae, strigidae, and tytonidae. mean iop values of healthy eyes were calculated for each species, and differences between families, species, age, sex, left and right eye, as ... | 2011 | 22216716 |
| concentrations of retinol, 3,4-didehydroretinol, and retinyl esters in plasma of free-ranging birds of prey. | this study investigated vitamin a compounds in the plasma of healthy free-ranging central european raptors with different feeding strategies. plasma samples of nestlings of white-tailed sea eagle [white-tailed sea eagle (wtse), haliaeetus albicilla) (n = 32), osprey (pandion haliaetus) (n = 39), northern goshawk (accipiter gentilis) (n = 25), common buzzard (buteo buteo) (n = 31), and honey buzzard (pernis apivorus) (n = 18) and adults of wtse (n = 10), osprey (n = 31), and northern goshawk (n = ... | 2011 | 21895779 |
| accuracy and reproducibility of the tonovet rebound tonometer in birds of prey. | to examine the accuracy and reproducibility of intraocular pressure (iop) measurements obtained by the tonovet rebound tonometer. animals studied freshly enucleated healthy eyes of 44 free-ranging birds of prey out of the species haliaeetus albicilla, accipiter gentilis, accipiter nisus, buteo buteo, falco tinnunculus, strix aluco, asio otus and tyto alba euthanized because of unrelated health problems. | 2010 | 20840094 |
| ingestion of lead from ammunition and lead concentrations in white-tailed sea eagles (haliaeetus albicilla) in sweden. | in this study we show for the first time that lead poisoning from ammunition is a significant mortality factor for white-tailed sea eagle (wse) (haliaeetus albicilla) in sweden. we analyzed 118 wses collected between 1981 and 2004 from which both liver and kidney samples could be taken. a total of 22% of all eagles examined had elevated (>6 microg/gd.w.) lead concentrations, indicating exposure to leaded ammunition, and 14% of the individuals had either liver or kidney lead concentrations diagno ... | 2009 | 19683793 |
| long-term survival despite low genetic diversity in the critically endangered madagascar fish-eagle. | the critically endangered madagascar fish-eagle (haliaeetus vociferoides) is considered to be one of the rarest birds of prey globally and at significant risk of extinction. in the most recent census, only 222 adult individuals were recorded with an estimated total breeding population of no more than 100-120 pairs. here, levels of madagascar fish-eagle population genetic diversity based on 47 microsatellite loci were compared with its sister species, the african fish-eagle (haliaeetus vocifer), ... | 2009 | 19140964 |
| using raptors as environmental sentinels: monitoring the white-tailed sea eagle haliaeetus albicilla in sweden. | this paper summarizes results from the monitoring of reproduction of white-tailed sea eagle in sweden 1965-2006. since 1989 the eagle population on the swedish baltic coast has been included in the national environment monitoring program as an indicator species for potentially harmful chemicals. the percentage of successfully reproducing pairs and nestling brood size decreased in synchrony with rising concentrations of contaminants in the 1950s on into the 1970s. mean productivity was 1.3 young ... | 2008 | 18833795 |
| enantiomer-specific accumulation of hexabromocyclododecanes in eggs of predatory birds. | the diastereomeric composition of hexabromocyclododecane (hbcd) in eggs of peregrine falcon (falco peregrinus), white-tailed sea eagle (haliaeetus albicilla), guillemot (uria aalge) and common tern (sterna hirundo) as well as the guillemots' main prey, herring (clupea harengus) was determined by reversed-phase chromatography with triple-stage quadrupole mass spectrometric detection (lc-ms-ms). alpha-hbcd was the predominant diastereomer in all bird species, while in herring, gamma-hbcd made a su ... | 2008 | 18440589 |
| morbidity of free-ranging white-tailed sea eagles (haliaeetus albicilla) in germany. | between september 1998 and december 2006, 87 injured or sick free-ranging white-tailed sea eagles (haliaeetus albicilla) from germany were admitted to the small animal clinic, free university of berlin. most birds were adults (43%) followed by nestlings/fledglings (26%), immature birds (18%), and juveniles (13%). in all age groups more females than males were presented. birds with trauma-associated injuries were most often admitted, followed by lead toxicosis and feather anomalies in fledglings. ... | 2007 | 18351005 |
| specific status and pathogenicity of syngamid nematodes in bird species (ciconiformes, falconiformes, gruiformes) from germany. | a total of 549 birds from four orders were examined for nematodes in their respiratory system from 1995 to 2000. twelve individuals of falconiformes (n = 503), one of gruiformes (n = 22) and one of ciconiformes (n = 1), but no bird of the order strigiformes (n = 23) were infected with syngamids. the syngamid species included hovorkonema variegatum, syngamus trachea and cyathostoma trifurcatum from the trachea, bronchi and air sacs, with h. variegatum being the most prevalent. cyathostoma trifurc ... | 2007 | 17381870 |
| mortality factors, helminth burden, and contaminant residues in white-tailed sea eagles (haliaeetus albicilla) from finland. | eleven white-tailed sea eagles (wses) (haliaeetus albicilla) collected in finland between 1994 and 2001 were examined for their causes of death, including analyses of ubiquitous environmental contaminants and parasites. four wses died due to electrocution. two were lead poisoned and another had fragments of a lead bullet in its gizzard. an 11-year-old female drowned entangled in fishing gear, but also had mercury levels in its liver and kidneys known for detrimental physiological effects. one ws ... | 2006 | 16846196 |
| survey for hemoparasites in imperial eagles (aquila heliaca), steppe eagles (aquila nipalensis), and white-tailed sea eagles (haliaeetus albicilla) from kazakhstan. | prevalence of hemoparasites has been investigated in many avian species throughout europe and north america. basic hematologic surveys are the first step toward evaluating whether host-parasite prevalences observed in north america and europe occur elsewhere in the world. we collected blood smears from 94 nestling imperial eagles (aquila heliaca), five nestling steppe eagles (aquila nipalensis), and 14 nestling white-tailed sea eagles (haliaeetus albicilla) at naurzum zapovednik (naurzum nationa ... | 2004 | 15362834 |
| [occurrence of parasites in indigenous birds of prey and owls]. | in the present paper a general overview on parasites in birds of prey and owls is given. this part is followed by a study investigating the prevalences and species of parasites in free-ranging birds of prey and owls in berlin and brandenburg state, germany. over a one year period, 84 birds of prey and owls of the following species were examined for the presence of endo- and ectoparasites: common buzzard (buteo buteo) (n = 32), kestrel (falco tinnunculus) (n = 20), sparrowhawk (accipiter nisus) ( ... | 2002 | 11852683 |
| understanding human impact on the baltic ecosystem: changing views in recent decades. | grave environmental problems, including contamination of biota by organochlorines and heavy metals, and increasing deep-water oxygen deficiency, were discovered in the baltic sea in the late 1960s. toxic pollutants, including the newly discovered pcb, were initially seen as the main threat to the baltic ecosystem, and the impaired reproduction found in baltic seals and white-tailed eagles implied a threat also to human fish eaters. countermeasures gradually gave results, and today the struggle t ... | 2001 | 11697254 |
| an overview of existing raptor contaminant monitoring activities in europe. | biomonitoring using raptors as sentinels can provide early warning of the potential impacts of contaminants on humans and the environment and also a means of tracking the success of associated mitigation measures. examples include detection of heavy metal-induced immune system impairment, pcb-induced altered reproductive impacts, and toxicity associated with lead in shot game. authorisation of such releases and implementation of mitigation is now increasingly delivered through eu-wide directives ... | 2014 | 24632328 |
| reference genes for quantitative gene expression studies in multiple avian species. | quantitative real-time pcr (qpcr) rapidly and reliably quantifies gene expression levels across different experimental conditions. selection of suitable reference genes is essential for meaningful normalization and thus correct interpretation of data. in recent years, an increasing number of avian species other than the chicken has been investigated molecularly, highlighting the need for an experimentally validated pan-avian primer set for reference genes. here we report testing a set for 14 can ... | 2014 | 24926893 |
| [sem studies on the connective tissue cores of the lingual papillae of the northern goshawk (accipiter gentilis)]. | the lingual papillae and their connective tissue cores (ctcs) of the northern goshawk were examined by scanning electron microscopy (sem). the length of the tongue was approximately 2.5 cm. the median groove divided the body of the tongue into symmetrical parts. at a point approximately 2/3 of the length, there were large conical papillae between the body and the root of the tongue, the apices of which were pointed towards the posterior part of the tongue. under the light microscopy, the filifor ... | 2008 | 18807946 |
| relationships between organohalogen contaminants and blood plasma clinical-chemical parameters in chicks of three raptor species from northern norway. | organohalogen contaminants (ohcs) may affect various physiological parameters in birds including blood chemistry. we therefore examined blood plasma clinical-chemical parameters and ohcs in golden eagle, white-tailed eagle and goshawk chicks from northern norway. correlation analyses on pooled data showed that alkaline phosphatase (alkp), glucose and creatinine were significantly negatively correlated to various ohcs (all: p<0.05; r: -0.43 to -0.55; n=23), while alanine aminotransferase (alat), ... | 2010 | 19800686 |
| a first evaluation of the usefulness of feathers of nestling predatory birds for non-destructive biomonitoring of persistent organic pollutants. | in previous studies, feathers of adult predatory birds have been evaluated as valid non-destructive biomonitor matrices for persistent organic pollutants (pops). in this study, we assessed for the first time the usefulness of nestling raptor feathers for non-destructive biomonitoring of pops. for this purpose, we collected body feathers and blood of nestlings from three avian top predators from northern norway: northern goshawks (accipiter gentilis), white-tailed eagles (haliaeetus albicilla) an ... | 2011 | 21256594 |
| blood plasma clinical-chemical parameters as biomarker endpoints for organohalogen contaminant exposure in norwegian raptor nestlings. | raptors are exposed to biomagnifying and toxic organohalogenated compounds (ohcs) such as organochlorines, brominated flame retardants and perfluorinated compounds. to investigate how ohc exposure may affect biochemical pathways we collected blood plasma from norwegian northern goshawk (n=56), golden eagle (n=12) and white-tailed eagle (n=36) nestlings during three consecutive breeding seasons. we found that blood plasma concentrations of calcium, sodium, creatinine, cholesterol, albumin, total ... | 2012 | 22445502 |
| molecular identification of traces from the white-tailed sea eagle. | over the preceeding decades, after periods of dramatic decline and extinction in many parts of europe, the white-tailed sea eagle (haliaeetus albicilla) has re-colonized traditional breeding areas. however, this large apex predator remains threatened, not only by the bioaccumulation of environmental pollutants, but also by targeted poisoning and poaching. in connection with a forensic case, a novel pcr assay was developed for the sensitive and specific detection of sea eagle dna traces in questi ... | 2013 | 22926772 |
| ecological and spatial factors drive intra- and interspecific variation in exposure of subarctic predatory bird nestlings to persistent organic pollutants. | top predators in northern ecosystems may suffer from exposure to persistent organic pollutants (pops) as this exposure may synergistically interact with already elevated natural stress in these ecosystems. in the present study, we aimed at identifying biological (sex, body condition), ecological (dietary carbon source, trophic level) and spatial factors (local habitat, regional nest location) that may influence intra- and interspecific variation in exposure of subarctic predatory bird nestlings ... | 2013 | 23632440 |
| plasma concentrations of organohalogenated pollutants in predatory bird nestlings: associations to growth rate and dietary tracers. | the extent to which persistent organic pollutants (pops) with different physicochemical properties originated from the food (dietary input) was assessed in raptor nestlings. lipophilic polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb) 153, 1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene (p,p'-dde), and hexachlorobenzene (hcb), and protein-bound perfluorooctane sulfonate (pfos), were measured repeatedly in blood plasma of individual goshawk (accipiter gentilis) and white-tailed eagle (haliaeetus albicilla) nestlings, 1 ... | 2013 | 23861300 |
| antiparasite treatments reduce humoral immunity and impact oxidative status in raptor nestlings. | parasites are natural stressors that may have multiple negative effects on their host as they usurp energy and nutrients and may lead to costly immune responses that may cause oxidative stress. at early stages, animals may be more sensitive to infectious organisms because of their rapid growth and partly immature immune system. the objective of this study was to explore effects of parasites by treating chicks of two raptor species (northern goshawk accipiter gentilis and white-tailed sea eagle h ... | 2013 | 24455145 |
| monitoring west nile virus (wnv) infection in wild birds in serbia during 2012: first isolation and characterisation of wnv strains from serbia. | west nile virus (wnv), a neurovirulent mosquito-transmissible zoonotic virus, has caused recent outbreaks in europe, including serbia from august until october 2012. although humans can be infected, birds are the main natural wnv reservoir. to assess wnv circulation in northern serbia, 133 wild birds were investigated. these comprised resident and migratory birds, collected between january and september 2012 in the vojvodina province. the birds belonged to 45 species within 27 families. blood se ... | 2013 | 24176657 |
| molecular characterisation of sarcocystis lutrae n. sp. and toxoplasma gondii from the musculature of two eurasian otters (lutra lutra) in norway. | sarcocysts were detected in routinely processed histological sections of skeletal muscle, but not cardiac muscle, of two adult male otters (lutra lutra; mustelidae) from northern norway following their post-mortem examination in 1999 and 2000. the sarcocysts were slender, spindle-shaped, up to 970 μm long and 35-70 μm in greatest diameter. the sarcocyst wall was thin (∼ 0.5 μm) and smooth with no visible protrusions. portions of unfixed diaphragm of both animals were collected at the autopsies a ... | 2015 | 25512210 |
| permanent genetic resources added to molecular ecology resources database 1 february 2012 - 31 march 2012. | this article documents the addition of 171 microsatellite marker loci and 27 pairs of single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) sequencing primers to the molecular ecology resources database. loci were developed for the following species: bombus pauloensis, cephalorhynchus heavisidii, cercospora sojina, harpyhaliaetus coronatus, hordeum vulgare, lachnolaimus maximus, oceanodroma monteiroi, puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, rhea americana, salmo salar, salmo trutta, schistocephalus solidus, sousa p ... | 2012 | 22642264 |
| alterations in the breeding habitats for two endangered raptor species along the sava river basin, croatia. | changes in habitat suitable for breeding of two sympatric raptor species (haliaeetus albicilla and aquila pomarina) were analysed along one of the most important breeding sites in croatia for both species. the habitat suitability modelling was used to assess the influence of forestry practice during 2000-2006 using the known data on nesting places along research area. the four most important variables for lesser spotted eagle were elevation, distance from the nearest pasture, vertical distance t ... | 2012 | 21800060 |
| temporal trends and geographical differences of perfluoroalkyl acids in baltic sea herring and white-tailed sea eagle eggs in sweden. | temporal and spatial trends of perfluoroalkyl acids (pfaas) were investigated in baltic sea herring liver (clupea harengus) from three sites, and white-tailed sea eagle (wtse) eggs (haliaeetus albicilla) from two freshwater and two marine areas in sweden. trends of most quantifiable pfaas increased over the monitored period (1980-2014 in herring, 1960s/1980s-2010 in wtse). no significant decreasing trends were observed for the most recent ten years for any substances, except perfluorooctane sulf ... | 2016 | 27775331 |
| anatomical and scanning electron microscopic investigations of the tongue and laryngeal entrance in the long-legged buzzard (buteo rufinus, cretzschmar, 1829). | this research aimed to examine the morphological features of the tongue and laryngeal entrance of long-legged buzzard by macroscopic and scanning electron microscopic methods. two adult buzzards were used as material. the tongue was fairly elongated and terminated in oval shovel-like apex. scale-like projections were localized on the apex and body of tongue. both lateral sides of lingual body were contained considerably long thread-like projections. many orifices of lingual posterior salivary gl ... | 2012 | 22496047 |
| risk induced by a native top predator reduces alien mink movements. | 1. nonlethal predation effects may have stronger impacts on prey populations than direct predation impacts, and this should also apply to intraguild predation. the consequences of such interactions become especially important if invasive, and potentially destructive alien predators act as intraguild prey. 2. we studied the predation-risk impacts of a re-colonizing native top predator, haliaeetus albicilla (white-tailed sea eagle), on the movements of mustela vison (american mink), an alien preda ... | 2008 | 18624744 |
| characterization of avian poxvirus in anna's hummingbird (calypte anna) in california, usa. | avian poxvirus (genus avipoxvirus, family poxviridae) is an enveloped double-stranded dna virus that may be transmitted to birds by arthropod vectors or mucosal membrane contact with infectious particles. we characterized the infection in anna's hummingbird (calypte anna; n = 5 birds, n = 9 lesions) by conducting diagnostic tests on skin lesions that were visually similar to avian poxvirus lesions in other bird species. skin lesions were single or multiple, dry and firm, pink to yellow, with sca ... | 2013 | 24502725 |
| evidence for neandertal jewelry: modified white-tailed eagle claws at krapina. | we describe eight, mostly complete white-tailed eagle (haliaëtus [haliaeetus] albicilla) talons from the krapina neandertal site in present-day croatia, dating to approximately 130 kyrs ago. four talons bear multiple, edge-smoothed cut marks; eight show polishing facets and/or abrasion. three of the largest talons have small notches at roughly the same place along the plantar surface, interrupting the proximal margin of the talon blade. these features suggest they were part of a jewelry assembla ... | 2015 | 25760648 |
| per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in plasma and feathers of nestling birds of prey from northern norway. | plasma samples from nestlings of two top predators, white-tailed eagle (haliaeetus albicilla) and northern goshawk (accipiter gentilis) from northern norway were analysed for a wide range of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (pfass). body feathers from the white-tailed eagles were also analysed and significant associations between specific pfass in blood plasma and body feathers were found (0.36 <r(2) < 0.67; all p < 0.05). this result suggests that analysing body feathers of white-tailed eagl ... | 2017 | 28662453 |
| animals as an indicator of carbon sequestration and valuable landscapes. | possibilities of the assessment of a landscape with the use of succession development stages, monitored with the value of the mean individual biomass (mib) of carabid beetles and the occurrence of bird species are discussed on the basis of an example from poland. higher variability of the mib value in space signifies a greater biodiversity. apart from the variability of mib, it is suggested to adopt the occurrence of the following animals as indicators, (in the order of importance), representing ... | 2011 | 21738434 |
| mortality factors, environmental contaminants, and parasites of white-tailed sea eagles from greenland. | twelve white-tailed sea eagles (haliaeetus albicilla groenlandicus) found dead between 1997 and 2000 in greenland were examined to investigate the health status, including the causes of death and the burden of organochlorine contaminants and potentially toxic heavy metals. the determined causes of death were unspecific trauma (n = 6), lead poisoning (n = 2) with 36 and 26 ppm lead in the liver tissue, infectious diseases (n = 1), injuries sustained during intraspecific conflict (n = 1), and guns ... | 2013 | 15283431 |
| time trends of mercury in feathers of west greenland birds of prey during 1851-2003. | temporal trends of mercury (hg) in west greenland gyrfalcons, peregrine falcons, and white-tailed eagles were determined over 150 years from 1851 to 2003. hg was measured in the fifth primary feather. results showed that hg increased in the order gyrfalcon (lowest) < peregrine falcon (intermediate) < white-tailed eagle (highest). all species showed significant age accumulations, which were taken into account in the temporal trend analysis. of eight time trend analyses (three species and three ag ... | 2006 | 17051778 |
| the transition to non-lead rifle ammunition in denmark: national obligations and policy considerations. | the issue of denmark regulating use of lead-free rifle ammunition because of potential risks of lead exposure in wildlife and humans was examined from a scientific and objective policy perspective. the consequences of adopting or rejecting such regulation were identified. denmark is obliged to examine this topic because of its national policy on lead reduction, its being a party to the un bonn convention on migratory species, and its role in protecting white-tailed sea eagles (haliaeetus albicil ... | 2016 | 27040101 |
| organohalogenated contaminants in white-tailed eagle (haliaeetus albicilla) nestlings: an assessment of relationships to immunoglobulin levels, telomeres and oxidative stress. | biomagnifying organohalogenated compounds (ohcs) may have adverse effects on the health of birds, especially marine avian top predators that accumulate high ohc loads. contaminants may impair the humoral immunity and also influence the antioxidant enzyme activity (i.e. oxidative stress). moreover, physical conditions and oxidative stress during development may reduce telomere lengths, one of the main mechanisms explaining cell senescence. to examine the potential effects of environmental contami ... | 2016 | 26367189 |
| heavy metals in soft tissue of white-tailed eagles found dead or moribund in germany and austria from 1993 to 2000. | residues of the potentially toxic metals lead, mercury, and cadmium were analyzed in liver and kidney tissue of 61 free-ranging white-tailed eagles (haliaeetus albicilla) found dead or moribund in germany and austria between 1993 and 2000. highest values and the widest range were detected for lead in liver and for mercury in kidney tissue. lead concentrations considered to induce lethal lead poisoning (>5 ppm wet wt) were determined in 28% of liver samples. lead fragments were detected it the gi ... | 2001 | 11491569 |
| distinct and extinct: genetic differentiation of the hawaiian eagle. | eagles currently occur in the hawaiian islands only as vagrants, but quaternary bones of haliaeetus eagles have been found on three of the major islands. a previous study of a ∼3500-year-old skeleton from maui found its mtdna more similar to white-tailed (h. albicilla) than to bald (h. leucocephalus) eagles, but low intraspecific resolution of the markers and lack of comparative data from mainland populations precluded assessment of whether the individual was part of the diversity found in euras ... | 2015 | 25463753 |
| the degree of methylation and organ distribution of mercury in some birds of prey in norway. | the concentrations of total mercury and methyl mercury were determined in organs from several species of birds of prey. the organ distributions were calculated for each species. for total and non-methyl mercury, significant differences were found between the species. for methyl mercury no such differences were found. the liver: kidney ratios in white-tailed eagle were 1 : 2.4 and 1 : 0.9 for total and methyl mercury, respectively. the corresponding figures for the eagle owl were 1 : 0.7 and 1 : ... | 1978 | 707133 |
| chlorinated hydrocarbons and total mercury in the prey of the white-tailed eagle (haliaeetus albicilla l.) in the quarken straits of the gulf of bothnia, finland. | | 1976 | 1252640 |
| total and methylmercury in soft tissues of white-tailed eagle (haliaeetus albicilla) and osprey (pandion haliaetus) collected in poland. | mercury (hg) contamination in piscivorous birds, especially methylmercury (mehg), has been drawing much attention worldwide in regard to its bioaccumulation and biomagnification in food chains. in this study on hg in the soft tissues of white-tailed eagles (n = 22) and ospreys (n = 2) from poland, total hg (thg) range was 0.15-47.6 while mehg range was 0.11-8.05 mg kg⁻¹ dry weight. in both species, median thg and mehg concentrations were lower in the muscle and brain than in the liver and kidney ... | 2014 | 24870933 |
| a review of pathogens in selected baltic sea indicator species. | here we review the state-of-the-art of pathogens in select marine and terrestrial key species of the baltic sea, i.e. ringed seal (pusa hispida), harbour seal (phoca vitulina), grey seal (halichoerus grypus), harbour porpoise (phocoena phocoena), common eider (somateria mollissima), pink-footed goose (anser brachyrhynchus) and white-tailed eagle (haliaeetus albicilla). this review is the first to merge and present available information and baseline data for the fp7 bonus balthealth project: balt ... | 2020 | 32070804 |
| brominated and phosphorus flame retardants in white-tailed eagle haliaeetus albicilla nestlings: bioaccumulation and associations with dietary proxies (δ¹³c, δ¹⁵n and δ³⁴s). | very little is known on the exposure of high trophic level species to current-use brominated (bfrs) and phosphorus flame retardants (pfrs), although observations on their persistence, bioaccumulation potential, and toxicity have been made. we investigated the accumulation of bfrs and pfrs, and their associations with dietary proxies (δ(13)c, δ(15)n and δ(34)s), in plasma and feathers of white-tailed eagle haliaeetus albicilla nestlings from trøndelag, norway. in addition to accumulation of a wid ... | 2014 | 24530584 |
| organohalogen compounds of emerging concern in baltic sea biota: levels, biomagnification potential and comparisons with legacy contaminants. | while new chemicals have replaced major toxic legacy contaminants such as polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (ddt), knowledge of their current levels and biomagnification potential in baltic sea biota is lacking. therefore, a suite of chemicals of emerging concern, including organophosphate esters (opes), short-chain, medium-chain and long-chain chlorinated paraffins (sccps, mccps, lccps), halogenated flame retardants (hfrs), and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substan ... | 2020 | 32835922 |
| improvements and application of a modified gas chromatography atomic fluorescence spectroscopy method for routine determination of methylmercury in biota samples. | improvements to the application of a combined solid-phase microextraction followed by gas chromatography coupled to pyrolysis and atomic fluorescence spectrometry method (spme-gc-afs) for methylmercury (mehg) determination in biota samples are presented. our new method includes improvements in the methodology of determination and the quantification technique. a shaker instead of a stirrer was used, in order to reduce the possibility of sample contamination and to simplify cleaning procedures. th ... | 2013 | 24054647 |
| assessing vulnerability of marine bird populations to offshore wind farms. | offshore wind farms may affect bird populations through collision mortality and displacement. given the pressures to develop offshore wind farms, there is an urgent need to assess population-level impacts on protected marine birds. here we refine an approach to assess aspects of their ecology that influence population vulnerability to wind farm impacts, also taking into account the conservation importance of each species. flight height appears to be a key factor influencing collision mortality r ... | 2013 | 23454414 |
| persistent organic pollutants and methoxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers in different tissues of white-tailed eagles (haliaeetus albicilla) from west greenland. | we investigated polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs), organochlorine pesticides (e.g. dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (ddt)), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbdes) and methoxylated pbdes (meo-pbdes), in six matrices (muscle, liver, kidney, adipose, blood, preen oil) of 17 white-tailed eagles from west greenland sampled between 1997 and 2009. high inter-individual variation in contamination was found (pcbs: 0.49-1500 μg/g lipid weight (lw), ddts: 0.23-910 μg/g lw, pbdes: 0.01-24 μg/g lw, meo-pbdes: ... | 2013 | 23377037 |
| no evidence of avian influenza antibodies in two species of raptor nestlings inhabiting norway. | since 2016, incursions of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (hpaiv) h5n8 clade 2.3.4.4b have caused unprecedented clinical signs and mortality in white-tailed eagles (wte; haliaeetus albicilla) across europe and have been found to be infecting other raptor species, such as the northern goshawk (ng; accipiter gentilis). before this study, no screening of norwegian raptors had been undertaken. | 2019 | 31660964 |
| morphologic and genetic identification of sarcocystis fulicae n. sp. (apicomplexa: sarcocystidae) from the eurasian coot ( fulica atra). | one morphologic type of sarcocyst was found in 26% (7/27) of eurasian coots ( fulica atra) and was described as sarcocystis fulicae n. sp. using morphologic, 18s ribosomal (r)dna, 28s rdna, and internal transcribed spacer 1 (its1) analysis. by light microscope, cysts were ribbon-shaped and measured 7.3 mm in length by 116 μm wide. histologically, the cyst wall reached up to 1.2 μm in thickness and seemed smooth. the detected sarcocysts were packed with relatively small banana-shaped bradyzoites ... | 2018 | 29863972 |
| are lead-free hunting rifle bullets as effective at killing wildlife as conventional lead bullets? a comparison based on wound size and morphology. | fragmentation of the lead core of conventional wildlife hunting rifle bullets causes contamination of the target with lead. the community of scavenger species which feed on carcasses or viscera discarded by hunters are regularly exposed to these lead fragments and may die by acute or chronic lead intoxication, as demonstrated for numerous species such as white-tailed eagles (haliaeetus albicilla) where it is among the most important sources of mortality. not only does hunting with conventional a ... | 2013 | 23186634 |
| improved reproductive success in otters (lutra lutra), grey seals (halichoerus grypus) and sea eagles (haliaeetus albicilla) from sweden in relation to concentrations of organochlorine contaminants. | we studied indices of reproductive outcome in three aquatic species in relation to organochlorine concentrations during four decades. in female otters, the frequency of signs of reproduction increased after 1990. in grey seals, pregnancy rate increased 1990-2010 and uterine obstructions ceased after 1993. the frequency of uterine tumours was highest 1980-2000. the number of sea eagle nestlings per checked nest increased 1985-2000, while the frequency of desiccated eggs decreased. organochlorine ... | 2012 | 22842056 |
| comparison of organohalogen compounds in a white-tailed sea eagle egg laid in 1941 with five eggs from 1996 to 2001. | eggs laid by white-tailed sea eagles (haliaeetus albicilla), one in 1941 and five eggs between 1996 and 2001, all from the same geographical region of the baltic sea, were screened for organohalogen substances. the 1941 egg contained hexachlorobenzene (hcb), but did not contain either of the pesticides hexachlorocyclohexane (hch) or p,p'-ddt, nor any metabolites of the latter. in contrast, the more recent eggs (res) contained all of these compounds. of the seven polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) ... | 2012 | 22401745 |
| a comparison of non-destructive sampling strategies to assess the exposure of white-tailed eagle nestlings (haliaeetus albicilla) to persistent organic pollutants. | to circumvent difficulties associated with monitoring adult predatory birds, we investigated the feasibility of different non-destructive strategies for nestling white-tailed eagles (haliaeetus albicilla). we were able to quantify polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbdes) and organochlorinated pesticides (ocps) in body feathers (16.92, 3.37 and 7.81ngg(-1) dw, respectively), blood plasma (8.37, 0.32 and 5.22ngml(-1) ww, respectively), and preen oil (1157.95, 30.92 ... | 2011 | 22018961 |
| modelling the impact of toxic and disturbance stress on white-tailed eagle (haliaeetus albicilla) populations. | several studies have related breeding success and survival of sea eagles to toxic or non-toxic stress separately. in the present investigation, we analysed single and combined impacts of both toxic and disturbance stress on populations of white-tailed eagle (haliaeetus albicilla), using an analytical single-species model. chemical and eco(toxico)logical data reported from laboratory and field studies were used to parameterise and validate the model. the model was applied to assess the impact of ... | 2012 | 21861166 |
| body feathers as a potential new biomonitoring tool in raptors: a study on organohalogenated contaminants in different feather types and preen oil of west greenland white-tailed eagles (haliaeetus albicilla). | we investigated the variation in concentrations and profiles of various classes of organohalogenated compounds (ohcs) in different feather types, muscle tissue and preen oil from 15 white-tailed eagle (haliaeetus albicilla) carcasses from greenland. the influence of moult patterns and potential external contamination onto the feather surface was examined, while the present study is also the first to investigate the use of body feathers for ohc monitoring. concentrations of sum polychlorinated bi ... | 2011 | 21733575 |
| levels of brominated flame retardants and methoxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers in eggs of white-tailed sea eagles breeding in different regions of sweden. | forty-four unhatched eggs from white-tailed sea eagle (haliaeetus albicilla), collected in four regions in sweden in 1992-2005, were analysed for contents of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbdes), polybrominated biphenyl (pbb), hexabromocyclododecane (hbcd) and naturally occurring methoxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers (meo-pbdes). two freshwater areas-lapland in the arctic zone (lap) and inland lakes in central and southern sweden (inl), and two brackish marine areas in the baltic sea-the ... | 2010 | 20971499 |
| pinching off syndrome in free-ranging white-tailed sea eagles (haliaeetus albicilla) in europe: frequency and geographic distribution of a generalized feather abnormality. | generalized feather abnormalities are rarely documented in free-living birds. pinching off syndrome (pos) is a feather abnormality in which all remiges and retrices become malformed and are lost during the nestling stage, rendering the bird unable to fly. to determine the frequency of occurrence and geographic distribution of this syndrome in white-tailed sea eagles (haliaeetus albicilla) in europe, we sent questionnaires to ornithologists in 19 countries within the european range of this specie ... | 2007 | 18065131 |
| investigations on the aetiology of pinching off syndrome in four white-tailed sea eagles (haliaeetus albicilla) from germany. | the purpose of this study was to investigate the aetiology of the pinching off syndrome (pos), a generalized feather abnormality affecting free-living nestling of the white-tailed sea eagle (haliaeetus albicilla) in europe. for the first time, extensive clinical, haematological, biochemical, virological, bacteriological, nutritional, histopathological, parasitological and electron microscopical examinations were performed on three females and one male suffering from pos. early and increased cyto ... | 2007 | 17497338 |
| bottlenecked but long-lived: high genetic diversity retained in white-tailed eagles upon recovery from population decline. | most of the white-tailed eagle (haliaeetus albicilla) populations in europe experienced dramatic declines during the twentieth century. however, owing to intense conservation actions and the ban of ddt and other persistent pollutants, populations are currently recovering. we show that despite passing through demographic bottlenecks, white-tailed eagle populations have retained significant levels of genetic diversity. both genetic and ringing data indicate that migration between populations has n ... | 2006 | 17148392 |
| light and scanning electron microscopic study of the tongue in the white tailed eagle (haliaeetus albicilla, accipitridae, aves). | the tongue of the white tailed eagle is elongated with a sharp-ended apex. the length of the tongue is 6 cm. the characteristic morphological features observed on the body of the tongue include a distinct median groove dividing the mucosa into two symmetrical, convex lateral parts and a single crest of large conical papillae in the posterior part of the lingual body, extending over the surface of the flat root of the tongue. the mucosa of the lingual body and root is covered by the parakeratiniz ... | 2005 | 16130824 |
| lead exposure in raptors from japan and source identification using pb stable isotope ratios. | lead (pb) poisoning is widespread among raptors and water birds. in japan, fragments of pb ammunition are still found in endangered eagles although more than 10 years have passed since legislation regarding use of pb ammunition was introduced. this study was performed to investigate pb exposure in raptors from various locations in japan. we measured hepatic and renal pb concentrations and hepatic pb isotope ratios of steller's sea eagles (haliaeetus pelagicus), white-tailed sea eagles (haliaeetu ... | 2017 | 28800537 |
| concentrations of lead and other elements in the liver of the white-tailed eagle (haliaeetus albicilla), a european flagship species, wintering in eastern poland. | as a top predator, the white-tailed eagle (haliaeetus albicilla) may serve as a good indicator species, providing information about the bioavailability of contaminants and their transfer within the food chain. in this study, we aimed to determine the common sources of origin of 17 metals and other elements in the liver of white-tailed eagles, and to compare the variations in their hepatic concentrations by age (adults vs immatures) and sex (males vs females) in groups of white-tailed eagles wint ... | 2017 | 28620777 |
| whole blood cholinesterase activity in 20 species of wild birds. | clinical signs of organophosphate and carbamate intoxication in wild birds can be mistaken for those of other diseases, thus potentially delaying diagnosis and implementation of life-saving treatment. the objective of this study was to determine the reference interval for blood cholinesterase activity in 20 different wild avian species from 7 different orders, thereby compiling a reference database for wildlife veterinarians. blood was collected from birds not suspected of having organophosphate ... | 2016 | 27315378 |
| monitoring corticoid metabolites in urine of white-tailed sea eagles: negative effects of road proximity on breeding pairs. | the white-tailed sea eagle (haliaeetus albicilla) is known to be sensitive to disturbance. to better understand potential stressors, we measured corticosterone metabolite levels in h. albicilla excreta and recorded the nest success of breeding pairs. we tested the ability of four enzyme immunoassays (eia) to measure urinary glucocorticoid metabolites (ugm) in the excreta of one adult female eagle subjected to a controlled physiological stress treatment. we identified corticosterone-21-hs to be t ... | 2019 | 31323229 |
| post-fledging movements of white-tailed eagles: conservation implications for wind-energy development. | the presence of poorly sited wind farms raises concerns for wildlife, including birds of prey. therefore, there is a need to extend the knowledge of the potential human-wildlife conflicts associated with wind energy. here, we report on the movements and habitat use of post-fledging satellite-tagged white-tailed eagles in finland, where wind-energy development is expected to increase in the near future. in particular, we examine the probability of a fledgling approaching a hypothetical turbine th ... | 2016 | 27115397 |
| the role of dde, pcb, coplanar pcb and eggshell parameters for reproduction in the white-tailed sea eagle (haliaeetus albicilla) in sweden. | the reproduction of white-tailed sea eagles was monitored in 1964-1999 in 3 differently contaminated sub-populations: baltic sea coast (bp), inland central sweden (ip) and lapland (lp). 249 dead eggs from 205 clutches were obtained for analyses of dde and pcbs and for eggshell measurements. a desiccation index (di) value was calculated for each egg as a measure of water loss through the shell. in the highly contaminated bp, p,p'-dde concentrations in the eggs decreased continuously and 5-fold du ... | 2002 | 12374047 |
| allelic diversity and selection at the mhc class i and class ii in a bottlenecked bird of prey, the white-tailed eagle. | genes of the major histocompatibility complex (mhc) are essential for adaptive immune response in vertebrates, as they encode receptors that recognize peptides derived from the processing of intracellular (mhc class i) and extracellular (mhc class ii) pathogens. high mhc diversity in natural populations is primarily generated and maintained by pathogen-mediated diversifying and balancing selection. it is, however, debated whether selection at the mhc can counterbalance the effects of drift in bo ... | 2019 | 30611206 |
| [development trend of dde-induced eggshell thinning of the white-tailed eagle, haliaeëtus albicilla (l.) in east germany]. | | 1984 | 6528669 |
| molecular identification of sarcocystis halieti n. sp., sarcocystis lari and sarcocystis truncata in the intestine of a white-tailed sea eagle (haliaeetus albicilla) in norway. | an emaciated white-tailed sea eagle (haliaeetus albicilla) from western norway was found and nursed briefly before it died. the necropsy revealed that the principal cause of death was an inflammation and occlusion of the bile ducts. a secondary finding was the presence in the intestinal mucosa of numerous sporulated sarcocystis oocysts measuring 21.8-22.8 × 16.0-17.0 μm. the aim of this study was to identify these oocysts to species level using molecular methods. genomic dna was extracted from 1 ... | 2018 | 29270360 |
| white-tailed sea eagle (haliaeetus albicilla) die-off due to infection with highly pathogenic avian influenza virus, subtype h5n8, in germany. | in contrast to previous incursions of highly pathogenic avian influenza (hpaiv) h5 viruses, h5n8 clade 2.3.4.4b viruses caused numerous cases of lethal infections in white-tailed sea eagles (haliaeetus albicilla) affecting mainly young eagles (younger than five years of age) in germany during winter 2016/2017. until april 2017, 17 hpaiv h5n8-positive white-tailed sea eagles had been detected (three found alive and 14 carcasses) by real-time rt-pcr and partial nucleotide sequence analyses. severe ... | 2018 | 30205456 |
| white-tailed eagle (haliaeetus albicilla) feathers from norway are suitable for monitoring of legacy, but not emerging contaminants. | while feathers have been successfully validated for monitoring of internal concentrations of heavy metals and legacy persistent organic pollutants (pops), less is known about their suitability for monitoring of emerging contaminants (ecs). our study presents a broad investigation of both legacy pops and ecs in non-destructive matrices from a bird of prey. plasma and feathers were sampled in 2015 and 2016 from 70 whitetailed eagle (haliaeetus albicilla) nestlings from two archipelagos in norway. ... | 2019 | 30089276 |
| the potential role of scavengers in spreading african swine fever among wild boar. | understanding the transmission patterns of african swine fever (asf) among wild boar (sus scrofa) is an issue of major interest, especially in the wake of the current asf epidemic. given the high stability of asf-virus, there is concern about scavengers spreading infectious carcass material in the environment. here, we describe scavenging activities on 32 wild boar carcasses in their natural habitat in germany. using digital cameras, we detected 22 vertebrates at the study sites, thereof two mam ... | 2019 | 31391480 |
| to breed or not to breed: drivers of intermittent breeding in a seabird under increasing predation risk and male bias. | intermittent breeding may be adaptive for long-lived species subjected to large accessory reproductive costs, but it may also reflect reduced adaptation to the environment, reducing population growth. nevertheless, environmental influences on breeding propensity, particularly that of predation risk, remain poorly understood and difficult to study, because non-breeders are typically not identified. female eiders somateria mollissima from the baltic sea provide an excellent testbed, because nestin ... | 2018 | 29858692 |
| health effects from contaminant exposure in baltic sea birds and marine mammals: a review. | here we review contaminant exposure and related health effects in six selected baltic key species. sentinel species included are common eider, white-tailed eagle, harbour porpoise, harbour seal, ringed seal and grey seal. the review represents the first attempt of summarizing available information and baseline data for these biomonitoring key species exposed to industrial hazardous substances focusing on anthropogenic persistent organic pollutants (pops). there was only limited information avail ... | 2020 | 32311628 |
| evidence of avian poxvirus and papillomavirus infection in gyps fulvus in italy. | the identification of avian poxvirus and avian papillomavirus associated with cutaneous lesions in griffon vultures (gyps fulvus) by histopathology, electron microscopy and pcr analysis is reported. sequence analysis of the fpv140 gene revealed 99% identity to two poxviruses obtained from a white-tailed sea eagle (haliaeetus albicilla) and a common buzzard (buteo buteo). partial sequence of the papillomavirus l1 gene showed sequence similarity to papillomavirus li genes from african grey parrot ... | 2019 | 30291502 |
| mortality limits used in wind energy impact assessment underestimate impacts of wind farms on bird populations. | the consequences of bird mortality caused by collisions with wind turbines are increasingly receiving attention. so-called acceptable mortality limits of populations, that is, those that assume that 1%-5% of additional mortality and the potential biological removal (pbr), provide seemingly clear-cut methods for establishing the reduction in population viability.we examine how the application of these commonly used mortality limits could affect populations of the common starling, black-tailed god ... | 2020 | 32724513 |
| new extraction method prior to screening of organic micropollutants in various biota matrices using liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometry. | a new extraction method with limited clean-up requirements prior to screening various matrices for organic micropollutants using liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (lc-hrms) for analysis was developed. first, the performance of three extraction methods (quechers with spe clean-up, ultrasonication with spe clean-up, extraction without spe clean-up) was tested, optimized, and compared using >200 contaminants of emerging concern (cecs) together covering a wide range of physicoc ... | 2020 | 32887036 |
| paint it black: efficacy of increased wind turbine rotor blade visibility to reduce avian fatalities. | as wind energy deployment increases and larger wind-power plants are considered, bird fatalities through collision with moving turbine rotor blades are expected to increase. however, few (cost-) effective deterrent or mitigation measures have so far been developed to reduce the risk of collision. provision of "passive" visual cues may enhance the visibility of the rotor blades enabling birds to take evasive action in due time. laboratory experiments have indicated that painting one of three roto ... | 2020 | 32884668 |
| bioaccumulation potential of bisphenols and benzophenone uv filters: a multiresidue approach in raptor tissues. | environmental exposure to bisphenols and benzophenone uv filters has received considerable attention due to the ubiquitous occurrence of these contaminants in the environment and their potential adverse health effects. the occurrence of bisphenols and benzophenone uv filters is well established in human populations, but data is scarce for wildlife, and especially for raptors (birds of prey, falcons and owls). in this study, concentrations of eight bisphenols and five benzophenone uv filters were ... | 2020 | 32615426 |
| body mass, mercury exposure, biochemistry and untargeted metabolomics of incubating common eiders (somateria mollissima) in three baltic colonies. | the baltic/wadden sea flyway of common eiders has declined over the past three decades. multiple factors such as contaminant exposure, global warming, hunting, white-tailed eagle predation, decreased agricultural eutrophication and infectious diseases have been suggested to explain the decline. we collected information on body mass, mercury (hg) concentration, biochemistry and untargeted metabolomics of incubating birds in two colonies in the danish straits (hov røn, n = 100; agersø, n = 29) and ... | 2020 | 32590281 |
| high-resolution modeling of uplift landscapes can inform micrositing of wind turbines for soaring raptors. | collision risk of soaring birds is partly associated with updrafts to which they are attracted. to identify the risk-enhancing landscape features, a micrositing tool was developed to model orographic and thermal updraft velocities from high-resolution remote sensing data. the tool was applied to the island of hitra, and validated using gps-tracked white-tailed eagles (haliaeetus albicilla). resource selection functions predicted that eagles preferred ridges with high orographic uplift, especiall ... | 2020 | 32577874 |
| a novel use of the leukocyte coping capacity assay to assess the immunomodulatory effects of organohalogenated contaminants in avian wildlife. | apex predators are characterized by high levels of biomagnifying organohalogenated contaminants (ohcs) which have been found to induce detrimental health effects in wildlife, such as immune system impairment. the leukocyte coping capacity (lcc) assay is a functional real-time measure of an innate immune response essential in pathogen resistance, known as the respiratory burst. the current study suggests the novel use of this tool to test whether ohcs impair the innate immune system of a sentinel ... | 2020 | 32563774 |
| current situation regarding lead exposure in birds in japan (2015-2018); lead exposure is still occurring. | birds of a number of species have died as a result of lead (pb) poisoning, including many steller's sea eagles (haliaeetus pelagicus) and white-tailed sea eagles (haliaeetus albicilla) in hokkaido, the northernmost island of japan. to address this issue, the use of any type of pb ammunition for hunting of large animals was prohibited in hokkaido in 2004. however, pb poisoning is still being reported in this area, and there are few regulations regarding the use of pb ammunition in other parts of ... | 2020 | 32554936 |
| white-tailed eagle (haliaeetus albicilla) and great cormorant (phalacrocorax carbo) nestlings as spatial sentinels of baltic acidic sulphate soil associated metal contamination. | sulphate soils, characterised by low ph conditions, are found worldwide, and are potentially large sources of metal contamination, often exceeding industrial emissions. metal leaching from sulphate soils has been shown to be harmful to aquatic organisms, but the cascading effect on exposure in apex avian predators has not been studied earlier. with the present study we aimed at evaluating the potential of white-tailed eagle (haliaeetus albicilla) and great cormorant (phalacrocorax carbo) nestlin ... | 2020 | 32325615 |
| surface analysis of an eagle talon from krapina. | the krapina white-tailed eagle talons represent a kind of jewelry worn by krapina neandertals some 130,000 years ago. new inspection of one krapina talon (386.1) revealed a fiber, sealed by a thin silicate coating, adhering to the surface within a wide cut mark, as well as concentrated traces of occasional spots of red and yellow pigment and some black stains. we analyzed the fiber and small portions of pigmented areas by non-invasive, infrared synchrotron beam. different areas were targeted, re ... | 2020 | 32286344 |
| spatiotemporal analysis of perfluoroalkyl substances in white-tailed eagle (haliaeetus albicilla) nestlings from northern norway-a ten-year study. | the white-tailed eagle (haliaeetus albicilla) in scandinavia has suffered from impaired reproduction due to high exposure to industrial pollution between the 1960s and 1980s. while population numbers are rising again, new contaminants, such as per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (pfas), are increasingly found in high trophic avifauna and are of concern to potentially impact once again on population health. in the present study, we examined pfas levels in plasma of white-tailed eagle nestlings fr ... | 2020 | 32200622 |
| temporal trends of legacy organochlorines in different white-tailed eagle (haliaeetus albicilla) subpopulations: a retrospective investigation using archived feathers. | understanding the spatiotemporal patterns of legacy organochlorines (ocs) is often difficult because monitoring practices differ among studies, fragmented study periods, and unaccounted confounding by ecological variables. we therefore reconstructed long-term (1939-2015) and large-scale (west greenland, norway, and central sweden) trends of major legacy ocs using white-tailed eagle (haliaeetus albicilla) body feathers, to understand the exposure dynamics in regions with different contamination s ... | 2020 | 32169675 |
| white-tailed eagle (haliaeetus albicilla) body feathers document spatiotemporal trends of perfluoroalkyl substances in the northern environment. | we reconstructed the first long-term (1968-2015) spatiotemporal trends of perfluoroalkyl substances (pfas) using archived body feathers of white-tailed eagles (haliaeetus albicilla) from the west greenland (n = 31), norwegian (n = 66), and central swedish baltic coasts (n = 50). we observed significant temporal trends of perfluorooctane sulfonamide (fosa), perfluorooctane sulfonate (pfos), and perfluoroalkyl carboxylates (∑pfcas) in all three subpopulations. concentrations of fosa and pfos had s ... | 2019 | 31599575 |
| plasma protein fractions in free-living white-tailed eagle (haliaeetus albicilla) nestlings from norway. | capillary electrophoresis of plasma proteins has shown great potential as a complementary diagnostic tool for avian species. however, reference intervals for plasma proteins are sparse or lacking for several free-living avian species. the current study reports electrophoretic patterns and concentrations of plasma proteins determined for 70 free-living white-tailed eagle (haliaeetus albicilla) nestlings from two locations in norway (steigen and smøla) in order to establish reference values for th ... | 2019 | 31409365 |