| differentiation of z and w chromosomes revealed by replication banding and fish mapping of sex-chromosome-linked dna markers in the cassowary (aves, ratitae). | we identified sex chromosomes of the double-wattled cassowary (casuarius casuarius) by a replication banding method. the acrocentric z chromosome, the fifth largest pair in males and slightly smaller w chromosome show no sign of heterochromatinization and share a nearly identical banding pattern in the distal half of the long arm. these chromosomes were further characterized by fish with three probes linked either to z or w chromosome in most avian species examined thus far. contrary to the situ ... | 1999 | 10628664 |
| complete mitochondrial dna genome sequences of extinct birds: ratite phylogenetics and the vicariance biogeography hypothesis. | the ratites have stimulated much debate as to how such large flightless birds came to be distributed across the southern continents, and whether they are a monophyletic group or are composed of unrelated lineages that independently lost the power of flight. hypotheses regarding the relationships among taxa differ for morphological and molecular data sets, thus hindering attempts to test whether plate tectonic events can explain ratite biogeography. here, we present the complete mitochondrial dna ... | 2001 | 11370967 |
| the primary structure of cassowary (casuarius casuarius) goose type lysozyme. | the complete amino acid sequence of cassowary (casuarius casuarius) goose type lysozyme was analyzed by direct protein sequencing of peptides obtained by cleavage with trypsin, v8 protease, chymotrypsin, lysyl endopeptidase, and cyanogen bromide. the n-terminal residue of the enzyme was deduced to be a pyroglutamate group by analysis with a lc/ms/ms system equipped with the omaldi ionization source, and then confirmed by a glutamate aminopeptidase enzyme. the blocked n-terminal is the first repo ... | 2002 | 11866097 |
| characterization and chromosomal distribution of novel satellite dna sequences of the lesser rhea (pterocnemia pennata) and the greater rhea (rhea americana). | two different types of novel satellite dna (stdna) sequences were cloned from the lesser rhea (ptercnemia pennata) and the greater rhea (rhea americana) after digestion of genomic dnas with a restriction endonuclease pvu ii, and characterized by filter hybridization and in-situ hybridization to metaphase chromosomes. these nucleotide sequences consisted of gc-rich 288-bp and 332-bp repeated elements in p. pennata and 288-bp and 336-bp repeated elements in r. americana, all of which were organize ... | 2002 | 12489832 |
| the molecular basis of chromosome orthologies and sex chromosomal differentiation in palaeognathous birds. | palaeognathous birds (struthioniformes and tinamiformes) have morphologically conserved karyotypes and less differentiated zw sex chromosomes. to delineate interspecific chromosome orthologies in palaeognathous birds we conducted comparative chromosome painting with chicken (gallus gallus, gga) chromosome 1-9 and z chromosome paints (gga1-9 and ggaz) for emu, double-wattled cassowary, ostrich, greater rhea, lesser rhea and elegant crested tinamou. all six species showed the same painting pattern ... | 2007 | 17605112 |
| permanent genetic resources added to molecular ecology resources database 1 january 2009-30 april 2009. | this article documents the addition of 283 microsatellite marker loci to the molecular ecology resources database. loci were developed for the following species: agalinis acuta; ambrosia artemisiifolia; berula erecta; casuarius casuarius; cercospora zeae-maydis; chorthippus parallelus; conyza canadensis; cotesia sesamiae; epinephelus acanthistius; ficedula hypoleuca; grindelia hirsutula; guadua angustifolia; leucadendron rubrum; maritrema novaezealandensis; meretrix meretrix; nilaparvata lugens; ... | 2009 | 21564911 |
| eastern equine encephalomyelitis virus infection in six captive southern cassowaries (casuarius casuarius). | case description within a 2-week period, 4 southern cassowaries (casuarius casuarius) at an exhibit at a virginia zoo died acutely subsequent to eastern equine encephalitis virus (eeev) infection. this prompted a search for other eeev outbreaks in cassowaries, which resulted in the identification of 2 additional cassowaries that died of eeev infection at a conservation center in florida. clinical findings both juvenile and adult birds were affected. three of the 6 birds died acutely with no prem ... | 2016 | 27439350 |
| chemical immobilisation and satellite tagging of free-living southern cassowaries. | the southern cassowary (casuarius casuarius johnsonii) attains 1.8 m in height and over 80 kg in weight. these large birds are equipped with large claws and, although not a direct threat to humans, they have caused serious injury to handlers and members of the public. | 2014 | 24964832 |
| genomic structures of the kw1 loci on the z and w chromosomes in ratite birds: structural changes at an early stage of w chromosome differentiation. | the w chromosome of ratite birds shows minimal morphological differentiation and retains homology of genetic linkage and gene order with a substantial stretch of the z chromosome; however, the molecular structure in the differentiated region is still not well known. the kw1 sequence was isolated from the kiwi as a w-specific dna marker for pcr-based molecular sexing of ratite birds. in ratite w chromosomes, this sequence commonly contains a ∼200-bp deletion. to characterize the very early event ... | 2014 | 24820528 |
| phylogenetic relationships of the australian oligo-miocene ratite emuarius gidju casuariidae. | in australia, ratites (aves: palaeognathae) are represented in the extant fauna by the family casuariidae with 1 species of emu dromaius novaehollandiae and 1 cassowary casuarius casuarius. the australian fossil record reveals no other extinct ratite families but there are a number of other casuariid species. most significant of these, due to its oligo-miocene age and because it is known from abundant material, is emuarius gidju. here, we describe additional material and confirm that the taxon h ... | 2014 | 24673760 |
| ballistic food transport in birds: the example of casuarius casuarius. | | 2012 | 23009455 |
| predation of cassowary dispersed seeds: is the cassowary an effective disperser? | post-dispersal predation is a potentially significant modifier of the distribution of recruiting plants and an often unmeasured determinant of the effectiveness of a frugivore's dispersal service. in the wet tropical forests of australia and new guinea, the cassowary provides a large volume, long distance dispersal service incorporating beneficial gut processing; however, the resultant clumped deposition might expose seeds to elevated mortality. we examined the contribution of post-dispersal see ... | 2011 | 21910837 |
| incorporating patterns of disperser behaviour into models of seed dispersal and its effects on estimated dispersal curves. | the processes determining where seeds fall relative to their parent plant influence the spatial structure and dynamics of plant populations and communities. for animal dispersed species the factors influencing seed shadows are poorly understood. in this paper we test the hypothesis that the daily temporal distribution of disperser behaviours, for example, foraging and movement, influences dispersal outcomes, in particular the shape and scale of dispersal curves. to do this, we describe frugivory ... | 2005 | 16032438 |
| use of medetomidine for capture and restraint of cassowaries (casuarius casuaris). | to examine the use of medetomidine for the sedation of captive and wild cassowaries (casuarius casuarius). | 2002 | 12019701 |
| purification and characterization of goose type lysozyme from cassowary (casuarius casuarius) egg white. | a novel goose-type lysozyme was purified from egg white of cassowary bird (casuarius casuarius). the purification step was composed of two fractionation steps: ph treatment steps followed by a cation exchange column chromatography. the molecular mass of the purified enzyme was estimated to be 20.8 kda by sds-page. this enzyme was composed of 186 amino acid residues and showed similar amino acid composition to reported goose-type lysozymes. the n-terminal amino acid sequencing from transblotted p ... | 2001 | 11330672 |
| a fatal case of oak poisoning in a double-wattled cassowary (casuarius casuarius). | a double-wattled cassowary died following a clinical course of severe diarrhea, anorexia, and polydypsia. at necropsy, prolapse of the penis, severe enteritis, and swelling of the kidneys with subcapsular heavy deposits of urates were noted. histologic lesions comprised nephrosis, interstitial edemia of the muscle, and sloughing of the intestinal villi. leaves collected from the gizzard were identified as coast live oak (quercus agrifolia). diagnosis of oak poisoning was made based on the renal ... | 2003 | 3202781 |
| low frequencies in the display vocalization of the western capercaillie (tetrao urogallus). | only a few bird species are known to produce low-frequency vocalizations. we analyzed the display vocalizations of western capercaillie males kept in breeding centers and identified harmonically structured signals with a fundamental frequency of 28.7 ± 1.2 hz (25.6-31.6 hz). these low-frequency components temporally overlap with the whetting phase (96% of its duration) and they significantly contribute to the distinct vocal expression between individuals. the resulting model of discrimination an ... | 2020 | 32714652 |
| osteological description of casque ontogeny in the southern cassowary (casuarius casuarius) using micro-ct imaging. | extant cassowaries (casuarius) are unique flightless birds found in the tropics of indo-australia. they have garnered substantial attention from anatomists with focus centered on the bony makeup and function of their conspicuous cranial casques, located dorsally above the orbits and neurocranium. the osteological patterning of the casque has been formally described previously; however, there are differing interpretations between authors. these variable descriptions suggest that an anatomical und ... | 2020 | 32558300 |
| the phylogenetic significance of the morphology of the syrinx, hyoid and larynx, of the southern cassowary, casuarius casuarius (aves, palaeognathae). | palaeognathae is a basal clade within aves and include the large and flightless ratites and the smaller, volant tinamous. although much research has been conducted on various aspects of palaeognath morphology, ecology, and evolutionary history, there are still areas which require investigation. this study aimed to fill gaps in our knowledge of the southern cassowary, casuarius casuarius, for which information on the skeletal systems of the syrinx, hyoid and larynx is lacking - despite these stru ... | 2019 | 31881941 |