| perfluorooctanesulfonate and related fluorinated hydrocarbons in marine mammals, fishes, and birds from coasts of the baltic and the mediterranean seas. | perfluorooctanesulfonate (pfos; c8f17so3-), perfluorooctanesulfonamide (fosa; c8f17so2nh2), perfluorohexanesulfonate (pfhxs; c6f13so3-), and perfluorooctanoate (pfoa; c7f15co2-) were detected in 175 samples of liver and blood of bluefin tuna (thunnus thynnus), swordfish (xiphias gladius), common cormorants (phalacrocorax carbo), bottlenose dolphins (tursiops truncatus), striped dolphins (stenella coeruleoalba), common dolphins (delphinus delphi), fin whales (balenoptera physalus), and long-finne ... | 2002 | 12188342 |
| are the mediterraneantop predators exposed to toxicological risk due to endocrine disrupters? | man-made endocrine disrupting chemicals (edcs) range across all continents and oceans; some geographic areas are potentially more threatened than others: one of these is the mediterranean sea. this basin has limited exchange of water with the atlantic ocean and is surrounded by some of the most heavily populated and industrialized countries in the world. accordingly, levels of some xenobiotics are much higher here than in other seas and oceans. in this research the unexplored hypothesis that med ... | 2001 | 11795396 |
| total mercury levels in muscle tissue of swordfish (xiphias gladius) and bluefin tuna (thunnus thynnus) from the mediterranean sea (italy). | this study was carried out to determine the current levels of total mercury in the muscle tissue of swordfish (xiphias gladius) and bluefin tuna (thunnus thynnus) caught in the mediterranean sea with the purpose of ascertaining whether the concentrations exceeded the maximum level fixed by the european commission decision. in addition, specimens of each species were divided into different ranges of weight to investigate the influence of size on mercury accumulation in order to provide data upon ... | 2001 | 11456192 |
| mercury content in commercial pelagic fish and its risk assessment in the western indian ocean. | as top predators of pelagic food webs, large fish naturally bioaccumulate mercury (hg). determining hg burdens in commercialized fish is essential considering the concern about effects of contaminants on human health and the legal thresholds that are therefore set for local consumption and/or exportation. total hg levels were measured in the muscular tissue of 183 fish of five commercially important species from the tropical zone of the western indian ocean. all individuals were measured and sex ... | 2006 | 16580709 |
| the amino-acid sequence of copper/zinc superoxide dismutase from swordfish liver. comparison of copper/zinc superoxide dismutase sequences. | the amino acid sequence of copper/zinc superoxide dismutase from swordfish (xiphias gladius) liver has been determined by alignment of the tryptic peptides according to the known sequence of bovine erythrocyte copper/zinc superoxide dismutase. this alignment has resulted in the ligands to the copper (his-47, 49, 76 and 94) and the zinc (his-76, 85, 134 and asp-97) being conserved in all the copper/zinc superoxide dismutases sequenced so far. also conserved in the sequences are the cysteines form ... | 1984 | 6510412 |
| endocrine disruptors in mediterranean top marine predators. | man-made endocrine disruptors (eds) range across all continents and oceans. some geographic areas are potentially more threatened than others: one of these is the mediterranean sea. levels of some xenobiotics are much higher here than in other seas and oceans. in this paper we review the final results of a project in which the hypothesis that mediterranean top predator species (such as large pelagic fish and marine mammals) are potentially at risk due to eds was investigated. | 2006 | 16758711 |
| polychlorinated biphenyls and ddt in swordfish (xiphias gladius) and blue shark (prionace glauca) from brazilian coast. | the polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) and ddt may bioaccumulate in the aquatic food web and have been of great concern due to their toxic effects on wildlife and human health. there is evidence showing that fish in the human diet contributes at a significant proportion to the total intake of pcbs and other organochlorine compounds, particularly fish with higher fat levels. this study investigated the concentration of pcbs and ddts in muscle tissues of samples of the blue shark (prionace glauca) a ... | 2007 | 17223179 |
| potential toxicological hazard due to endocrine-disrupting chemicals on mediterranean top predators: state of art, gender differences and methodological tools. | man-made endocrine-disrupting chemicals (edcs) range across all continents and oceans. some geographic areas are potentially more threatened than others: one of these is the mediterranean sea. levels of some xenobiotics are much higher here than in other seas and oceans. in this paper we review the final results of a project supported by the italian ministry of the environment, in which the hypothesis that mediterranean top predator species (such as large pelagic fish and marine mammals) are pot ... | 2007 | 16996053 |
| shelf-life of chilled fresh mediterranean swordfish (xiphias gladius) stored under various packaging conditions: microbiological, biochemical and sensory attributes. | the present work evaluated the effect of air, vacuum and modified atmosphere packaging (map) on the shelf-life of chilled mediterranean swordfish (xiphias gladius). fresh swordfish slices were stored in air, under vacuum and map (40%/30%/30%, co(2)/n(2)/o(2)) under refrigeration (4 degrees c) for a period of 16 days. of the three treatments used (vacuum, map and air), both map and vacuum packaging (vp) were the most effective for inhibiting growth of aerobic microflora in swordfish samples until ... | 2008 | 17993387 |
| polybrominated diphenyl ethers, perfluorinated compounds and chlorinated pesticides in swordfish (xiphias gladius) from the mediterranean sea. | the relative isolation of the mediterranean population, their feeding habits, and the widespread use of their fillets for human consumption make the mediterranean swordfish, xiphias gladius, an interesting species from an ecotoxicological and commercial point of views. high resolution gas chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry detected 19 pbde congeners, perfluorooctane sulfonate (pfos), and perfluorooctanoic acid (pfoa), hexachlorobenzene (hcb), p,p' and o,p' isomers of ddt, dde, and ddd i ... | 2008 | 18605553 |
| integrating genetic and parasitological approaches in the frame of multidisciplinary fish stock analysis. | to assess fish stocks boundaries and state, the tools of population genetics have been widely used, contributing to the evaluation of relevant parameters such as the identification of stock boundaries, the assessment of gene flow and the estimation of effective population size. also, increasing evidences show that the monitoring of the genetic diversity level is a reliable method to check the status of fish stocks. however, genetics cannot answer all the questions. for example, in high gene flow ... | 2007 | 18410069 |
| [total mercury in muscle of the shark prionace glauca (linnaeus, 1758) and swordfish xiphias gladius linnaeus, 1758, from the south-southeast coast of brazil and the implications for public health]. | total mercury (thg) was analyzed in muscle tissue from the blue shark prionace glauca and the swordfish xiphias gladius, obtained from the south and southeast coast of brazil, to verify compliance with current limits for human consumption. samples were obtained through the revizee program and a commercial fishery in itajaí, santa catarina state. a total of 95 specimens were analyzed (48 x. gladius and 47 p. glauca), and correlations were checked between thg and fish length and weight. thg ranged ... | 2008 | 18813682 |
| accumulation of heavy metals to assess the health status of swordfish in a comparative analysis of mediterranean and atlantic areas. | during the last few decades, the combined effects of natural and human activities acting on the mediterranean sea basin have caused a reduction in the swordfish (xiphias gladius, l. 1758) population. in this project, we investigated the accumulation of lead (pb), cadmium (cd) and mercury (hg) levels in the atlantic and mediterranean populations of swordfish during a five-year survey. in the marine environment, top predators such as swordfish accumulate high concentrations of toxic metals, and th ... | 2011 | 21719037 |
| metazoan parasite infection in the swordfish, xiphias gladius, from the mediterranean sea and comparison with atlantic populations: implications for its stock characterization. | thirteen parasite taxa were identified in the mediterranean swordfish by morphological and genetic/molecular methods. the comparison of the identified parasite taxa and parasitic infection values observed in the mediterranean swordfish showed statistically significant differences with respect to those reported for its atlantic populations. a stepwise linear discriminant analysis of the individual fish examined showed a separation among three groups: one including fish from the mediterranean sea ... | 2014 | 25057787 |
| redescription and new host record of capsala laevis (monogenoidea: capsalidae: capsalinae) from gill of roundscale spearfish, tetrapturus georgii (perciformes: istiophoridae) in the northwestern atlantic ocean. | specimens of a capsalid collected from the gill arches of 2 roundscale spearfish, tetrapturus georgii lowe, 1840, (perciformes: istiophoridae), captured in the northwestern atlantic ocean were identified as capsala laevis (verrill, 1875) johnston, 1929 by having the combination of papillae on the ventral surface of haptor, dorsomarginal body sclerites in a single column extending the entire body length, haptoral accessory sclerites, conical papillae distributing over the ventral body surface, an ... | 2012 | 22448751 |
| mercury in south carolina fishes, usa. | the south carolina department of health and environmental control has collected, processed, and analyzed fish tissue total mercury (hg) since 1976. for this study, skin-on-filet data from 1993 to 2007 were examined to determine biotic, spatial and temporal trends in tissue hg levels for sc fishes. because of the relatively high number of tissue hg values below the analytical detection limits interval censored regression and censored least absolute deviations were used to construct several models ... | 2010 | 20058074 |
| massive consumption of gelatinous plankton by mediterranean apex predators. | stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen were used to test the hypothesis that stomach content analysis has systematically overlooked the consumption of gelatinous zooplankton by pelagic mesopredators and apex predators. the results strongly supported a major role of gelatinous plankton in the diet of bluefin tuna (thunnus thynnus), little tunny (euthynnus alletteratus), spearfish (tetrapturus belone) and swordfish (xiphias gladius). loggerhead sea turtles (caretta caretta) in the oceanic stage an ... | 2012 | 22470416 |
| identifying pelagic fish eggs in the southeast yucatan peninsula using dna barcodes. | in the waters surrounding banco chinchorro in the mexican caribbean are spawning and nursery areas for many types of fish. in this natural environment, as opposed to under controlled laboratory conditions, it is almost impossible to link an individual egg to the adult that laid it. this makes identifying the species of the eggs difficult. however, dna barcodes have made this easier. in the present study, 300 eggs were processed for molecular analysis, from which 139 sequences were obtained. we i ... | 2016 | 27753507 |
| temperature sensitivity of cardiac function in pelagic fishes with different vertical mobilities: yellowfin tuna (thunnus albacares), bigeye tuna (thunnus obesus), mahimahi (coryphaena hippurus), and swordfish (xiphias gladius). | we measured the temperature sensitivity, adrenergic sensitivity, and dependence on sarcoplasmic reticulum (sr) ca(2+) of ventricular muscle from pelagic fishes with different vertical mobility patterns: bigeye tuna (thunnus obesus), yellowfin tuna (thunnus albacares), and mahimahi (coryphaena hippurus) and a single specimen from swordfish (xiphias gladius). ventricular muscle from the bigeye tuna and mahimahi exhibited a biphasic response to an acute decrease in temperature (from 26 degrees to 7 ... | 2013 | 19284308 |
| effect of chitosan treatments on quality parameters of fresh refrigerated swordfish (xiphias gladius) steaks stored in air and under vacuum conditions. | the present study examined the effect of chitosan (1.0% w/v) in combination with packaging on the shelf-life of fresh swordfish steaks. treatments included the following: a (untreated, control samples stored in air), a-ch (treated with chitosan 1.0% w/v, stored in air), vp (untreated, stored under vacuum packaging) and vp-ch (treated with chitosan, stored under vacuum packaging). vp-ch significantly affected total viable counts (tvc), pseudomonas spp., h(2)s-producing bacteria (including shewane ... | 2012 | 23072694 |
| the influence of depth on mercury levels in pelagic fishes and their prey. | mercury distribution in the oceans is controlled by complex biogeochemical cycles, resulting in retention of trace amounts of this metal in plants and animals. inter- and intra-specific variations in mercury levels of predatory pelagic fish have been previously linked to size, age, trophic position, physical and chemical environmental parameters, and location of capture; however, considerable variation remains unexplained. in this paper, we focus on differences in ecology, depth of occurrence, a ... | 2009 | 19666614 |
| feeding ecology of pelagic fish larvae and juveniles in slope waters of the gulf of mexico. | stable isotope ratios of carbon (delta13c) and nitrogen (delta15n) were used to investigate feeding patterns of larval and early juvenile pelagic fishes in slope waters of the gulf of mexico. contribution of organic matter supplied to fishes and trophic position within this pelagic food web was estimated in 2007 and 2008 by comparing dietary signatures of the two main producers in this ecosystem: phytoplankton [based on particulate organic matter (pom)] and sargassum spp. stable isotope ratios o ... | 2009 | 20738644 |
| [hysterothylacium petteri sp. n. (nematoda: ascaridata) from the pacific ocean swordfish]. | hysterothylacium petteri sp. n. was recovered from the stomach of xiphias gladius occurring in the kuroshio. the morphological difference of h. petteri from all other species of this genus is the extremely long ventricular caecum (two times more than pharynx). the species is very similar to h. corrugatum deardorff et overstreet, 1980 from swordfish off the american shores and corresponds to the description of hysterothylacium sp. by petter, maillard, 1987. the third stage larvae of h. petteri sp ... | 2007 | 1792100 |
| morphological and molecular genetic characterization of two kudoa spp., k. musculoliquefaciens, and k. pleurogrammi n. sp. (myxosporea: multivalvulida), causing myoliquefaction of commercial marine fish. | genetic characterization of myxosporean species, including members of the genus kudoa, has advanced dramatically throughout the last decade. this is in stark contrast to those species described further back in time. kudoa musculoliquefaciens described from the jellied muscle of swordfish, xiphias gladius, in the western pacific ocean off the sanriku coast, northern japan, is one such species. in the present study, multiple pseudocysts (0.66-1.35 mm average length and 0.06-0.10 mm average width) ... | 2016 | 26822736 |
| total mercury, cadmium and lead levels in main export fish of sri lanka. | total mercury (hg), cadmium (cd) and lead (pb) levels were determined in the muscle of four commercialised exported fish species thunnus albacares (yellowfin tuna), xiphias gladius (swordfish), makaira indica (black marlin) and lutjanus sp (red snapper) collected from the indian ocean, sri lanka, during july 2009-march 2010 and measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. results show that swordfish (n = 176) contained the highest total hg (0.90 ± 0.51 mg/kg) and cd (0.09 ± 0.13 mg/kg) level ... | 2014 | 25070289 |
| huffmanela paronai sp. n. (nematoda: trichosomoididae), a new parasite from the skin of swordfish xiphias gladius in the ligurian sea (western mediterranean). | a new species of trichosomoidid nematode, huffmanela paronai sp. n., is established on the basis of its egg morphology and biological characters. the dark-shelled, embryonated eggs of this histozoic parasite occur in masses in the epidermis of the swordfish xiphias gladius l. (xiphiidae, perciformes) from the ligurian sea in northern italy. the eggs are concentrated in groups appearing as black spots in the skin of the fish host, being distributed mainly on the lower part of its body (lower jaw, ... | 2000 | 11151956 |