| data on the life cycle of ribeiroia marini guadeloupensis n. ssp., a trematode sterilizing biomphalaria glabrata in guadeloupe. | data on the life cycle of ribeiroia marini guadeloupensis n.ssp., trematode sterilizing biomphalaria glabrata in guadeloupe. maintenance of the life cycle with a view to an eventual control of the populations of molluscs. in guadeloupe (french west indies), the definitive hosts of ribeiroia marini guadeloupensis n.ssp. are the two species of rats: rattus rattus and r. norvegicus. the first intermediate host is biomphalaria glabrata, the vector of intestinal schistosomiasis. the second intermedia ... | 1978 | 24996 |
| control of culex pipiens fatigans(w) by the larvivorous fish poecillia reticulata and by removal of debris from the breeding habitat. | twice weekly removal of floating debris from two polluted ponds in bangkok resulted in 75% reduction of immature populations of c.p. fatigans for seven weeks. subsequent introduction of the guppy poecilia reticulata at 10 fish per m2 further reduced the aquatic population to 2% of the pretreatment level during 12 weeks. when debris removal was discontinued, partial recovery of the larval density was observed. when fish were introduced in a plot without prior debris removal, there was no reductio ... | 1976 | 1027109 |
| use of larvivorous fish for vector control in the malvides republic. | the paper reports on the use of three larvivorous fishes in the maldives republic: poecilia reticulata (poeciliidae), mollienesia sphenops (cyprinodontidae) and for the first time kuhlia taeniurus (kuhliidae), a sea fish adapted to life in wells, which are the only sources of water supply (with the exception of a few rain-water cisterns). the approximately 20 000 wells are the main and all-year-round breeding places for both anophelines and culicines. due to this type of breeding places, maldive ... | 1975 | 1216337 |
| [the use of the shell of the cashew nut, anacardium occidentale, as an alternative molluscacide]. | bioassays using hexanolic extracts of cashew nut shells, of anacardium occidentale, collected in ceará in 1972 (sample 1) and 1987 (sample 2) were undertaken with adult snails and egg masses of biomphalaria glabrata, b. tenagophila and b. straminea both in the laboratory and in the field. non extracted shells, 18.5 g, sample 1, were also tested with adult snails and egg masses of the three species. the toxicity of extract was tested with fish (poecilia reticulata) and tadpoles. the lethal concen ... | 1992 | 1342111 |
| infections of gyrodactylus bullatarudis and gyrodactylus turnbulli on guppies (poecilia reticulata) in trinidad. | gyrodactylus bullatarudis turnbull, 1956, and gyrodactylus turnbulli harris, 1986, are recorded from guppies (poecilia reticulata) from the northern mountains of trinidad. mixed infections of the 2 species were found at 9 localities. gyrodactylus turnbulli had a predominantly posterior distribution on the fishes, whereas g. bullatarudis was more anteriorly distributed. this is the first record of these species from guppies collected from within their original range. | 1992 | 1403438 |
| biological control of culicidae with the copepod mesocyclops aspericornis and larvivorous fish (poeciliidae) in a village of french polynesia. | the copepod mesocyclops aspericornis daday and the larvivorous fishes gambusia affinis (b. & g.) and poecilia reticulata r. & b., were released into mosquito breeding sites in tuherahera village, tikehau atoll, french polynesia, to control larvae of aedes aegypti (l.), ae.polynesiensis marks, culex annulirostris skuse and cx quinquefasciatus say. treatments were completed within a week, in january 1990. fish quickly eliminated mosquito larvae from the open breeding sites (ponds, wells). the impa ... | 1992 | 1600235 |
| [the introduction of the larvivorous fish poecilia reticulata (peters, 1895) (cyprinodontiformes: poeciliidae), a bioregulator of culicids in oxidation ponds and contaminated drainage ditches on the isla de la juventud]. | the larvivorous fish poecilla reticulata, internationally known as mosquito larva bioregulators, was introduced in 2 oxidation ponds and 2 ditches containing polluted waters (sewage) without the presence of other fish species, in isle of youth, cuba, in order to control the larva populations of the culex quinquefasciatus mosquito say, 1823 in these its main breeding sites. after 2.5 months, such reservoirs were free of mosquito larvae. the fish settled within one year, reaching enough density to ... | 1991 | 1801089 |
| demonstration of calcium in dermal melanocytes of xenopus laevis and poecilia reticulata with electron energy-loss spectroscopy and electron spectroscopic imaging. | the subcellular distribution of calcium in dermal melanocytes of xenopus laevis and poecilia reticulata has been analysed. using two cytochemical methods, phosphate precipitation and a combined oxalate-pyroantimonate technique, electron energy-loss spectroscopy and electron spectroscopic imaging have been applied for elemental analysis. both precipitation techniques revealed a high calcium content in the melanosomes of both species. calcium was also located in the vicinity of collagen fibrils an ... | 1991 | 1870109 |
| [impact of the use of larvivorous fish poecilia reticulata on the transmission of malaria in fir of comoros]. | field tests were conducted in the grande comore island, federal islamic republic of comoros, in order to evaluate the potential of the larvivorous fish poecilia reticulata for the control of the malaria vector anopheles gambiae s.s. due to the high permeability of soil, anopheles breeding sites in all island occurs only in the man-made water reservoirs. the study was carried out from november 1987 to november 1988 within a framework of a malaria and filariasis control programme, supported by who ... | 1991 | 1952700 |
| [preliminary study on the biological control of dengue vectors by fish in liouchyou prefecture, pingtung county, taiwan]. | an investigation made in may 1989 with questionnaires to 2,480 families in liouchyou prefecture, pingtung county, showed that there were about 6,533 water containers in the whole village, of which 49.83% were used to store water for drinking, and the remaining 50.17% were used for washing clothes and watering plants. 32.42% of the residents volunteered to rear fish in the family water containers to control the mosquito population. during the period from april to october 1989, there was a total a ... | 1990 | 2402027 |
| temporal changes in aggregation: a laboratory study. | changes in the variance to mean ratio and the parameter k of the negative binomial distribution were used to study temporal changes in the degree of aggregation of the monogenean parasite, gyrodactylus turnbulli in free-running laboratory populations of the guppy, poecilia reticulata. the parasite undergoes recurrent epidemic cycles in the host population under conditions of regular immigration of uninfected guppies. during the early phase of the epidemic, heterogeneity among fish together with ... | 1987 | 3614993 |
| xenobiotic-metabolizing enzyme systems in test fish. i. comparative studies of liver microsomal monooxygenases. | all monooxygenase activities assayed in guppy (poecilia reticulata) and red killifish (oryzias latipes) were 7-10 times higher than those measured in trout (salmo gairdneri), carp (cyprinus carpio), and golden orfe (leuciscus idus). cytochrome p-450 was 3 times higher in the former fish than in all the other species. zebra fish (brachydanio rerio) 7-ethoxycoumarin o-deethylase and bluegill (lepomis macrochirus) ethylmorphine n-demethylase (emnd) were not greatly different from those of the forme ... | 1987 | 3830019 |
| mosquito susceptibility levels to seven new insecticides and their comparative toxicity to the guppy, poecilia reticulata, in bangkok, thailand. | | 1974 | 4153410 |
| observations of the guppy, poecilia reticulata peters, in culex pipiens fatigans breeding sites in bangkok, rangoon, and taipei. | | 1972 | 4261424 |
| ultrastructural studies on the heart of bony-fish larvae. | the ultrastructure of the heart in 2 and 6 d old larvae of melanogrammus aeglefinus and 1, 7, 14, and 21 d old larvae of poecilia reticulata, is described. additional studies were done on prenatal specimens of p. reticulata. in the atrium of m. aeglefinus the endocardium is separated from the muscle wall by a wide, electron lucent space, which probably contains cardiac jelly (davis 1924). the myocardium is an 1 cell-thick layer in the atrium, whereas it consists of 2 to 4 cells in the ventricle. ... | 1984 | 6468890 |
| the population dynamics of gyrodactylus bullatarudis (monogenea) within laboratory populations of the fish host poecilia reticulata. | experiments were undertaken to investigate the factors which influence the transmission dynamics of gyrodactylus bullatarudis within populations of laboratory guppies. the parasites possess a number of biological attributes which are almost unique amongst helminth parasites of vertebrates. these include the ability to reproduce viviparously and directly on the surface of the host, the ability to survive death of the host (for a short period of time) and the ability to transfer between hosts (des ... | 1984 | 6472882 |
| ultrastructural diurnal changes of the retinal photoreceptors in the embryo of a viviparous teleost (poecilia reticulata p.). | all diurnal changes studied - ellipsosome excepted - start at midgestation, following differentiation of photoreceptors and pigment-epithelium cells. these are: (1) shedding of the tips of the light-sensitive photoreceptor outer segments and subsequent phagocytosis by the pigment-epithelium; (2) retinomotor movements of pigment-epithelium processes, rods and cones; (3) changes of cone square-mosaics into row-mosaics at night. newly-differentiated photoreceptors in the embryo are, therefore, alre ... | 1983 | 6686498 |
| [life cycle of clinostomum golvani n. sp. (trematoda : clinostomidae) a larval parasite of biomphalaria glabrata, the snail vector of schistosoma mansoni in guadeloupe (author's transl)]. | the life cycle of a new species of clinostomidae, clinostomum golvani, described in guadeloupe (french west indies). the first intermediate host is the snail vector of schistosoma mansoni in this island, biomphalaria glabrata, which can be sterilized by this parasite. poecilia reticulata (guppy) serves as the second intermediate host. adult worms were obtained under experimental conditions from butorides virescens (the definitive host in nature), nycticorax nycticorax and ardea purpurea. the adu ... | 1980 | 7224533 |
| detection of proliferating cell nuclear antigen in tissues of three small fish species. | an immunohistochemical assay for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (pcna) identifies cells in all active phases of the cell cycle. in this study, pcna methodology, which was developed primarily for mammalian tissues, was adapted to three small fish species, medaka (oryzias latipes), guppy (poecilia reticulata), and western mosquitofish (gambusia affinis) that are used in carcinogenesis bioassays and environmental sentinel studies. our study showed that pcna can be identified in routinely proces ... | 1994 | 7703303 |
| comparative toxicity of certain mosquitocidal compounds to larvivorous fish, poecilia reticulata. | toxicity of certain mosquitocidal compounds (both larvicides and adulticides) to the larvivorous fish poecilia reticulata was determined in the laboratory. among the various chemical insecticides tested, the synthetic pyrethroid deltamethrin was most toxic to fish (lc50 = 0.016 ppm), while the organophosphorus insecticide abate was least toxic (lc50 = 34 ppm). the bioinsecticides spherix (bacillus sphaericus) and bactoculicide (bacillus thuringiensis h-14) showed highest safety for the fish (lc5 ... | 1994 | 7713258 |
| observations on the development of syncuaria squamata (nematoda: acuariidae), a parasite of cormorants, in the intermediate and paratenic hosts. | the development of the nematode syncuaria squamata (linstow, 1883), a gizzard parasite of cormorants, was experimentally studied in the ostracod notodromas monacha. after the eggs of this nematode have been swallowed by the ostracod, the toothed first-stage larvae of the parasite are released and penetrate through the intestinal wall into the haemocoel of the crustacean. before attaining the infective third stage, the larvae moult twice in the body of the intermediate host (9-11 and 13-15 days a ... | 1994 | 7883250 |
| western blotting of formaldehyde-fixed neuropeptides as small as 400 daltons on gelatin-coated nitrocellulose paper. | a method is described for western blotting of peptides as small as 400 daltons (da). peptides were separated by tricine-sodium dodecyl sulfate electrophoresis and electroblotted to gelatin-coated ph79 nitrocellulose paper (0.1 micron). the electroblotted peptides were fixed to the nitrocellulose paper for 5-10 min in 4% paraformaldehyde solution. using anti-rabbit fmrf-amide (phe-met-arg-phe-nh2) as primary antibody, positive immunoreactivity was detected with an amplified alkaline phosphatase a ... | 1994 | 7915887 |
| an aquatic toxicological evaluation of fenthion in the context of finch control in south africa. | queletox, containing fenthion as active ingredient, is the avicide formulation used in south africa to control red-billed finches (quelea quelea). control measures involve night spraying of roosting areas with a light aircraft. since roosting areas often include reedbeds along riversides and on islands, proper control is difficult without exposing the aquatic environment to some risk of contamination. this study tested the acute effects of fenthion, in association with the queletox formulation, ... | 1995 | 8521783 |
| properties of iridoviruses from ornamental fish. | an iridovirus from 2 species of freshwater tropical imported fish was examined for its antigenic and biochemical properties and virulence for 3 species of food fish. the virus was found in both guppy (poecilia reticulata) and doctor fish (labroides dimidatus). the virus replicated in numerous fish cell lines including bf-2, cco and epc. virus titers reached 10(8) tcid50/ml in each cell line. the virions had similar size and morphology to those previously reported to cause systemic infections amo ... | 1995 | 8581016 |
| host response to initial and challenge infections, following treatment, of gyrodactylus bullatarudis and g. turnbulli (monogenea) on the guppy (poecilia reticulata). | the host response of poecilia reticulata peters against two species of gyrodactylus (g. bullatarudis turnbull, 1956 and g. turnbulli harris, 1986) was investigated by comparing the dynamics of infrapopulations arising from initial infections, challenge infections begun 1 day after formalin treatment of 3-day-old initial infections and challenge control infections. the primary host response of p. reticulata to gyrodactylus was shown to be non-(gyrodactylus)-species-specific. observations of diffe ... | 1996 | 8801557 |
| redescription of camallanus cotti fujita, 1927 (nematoda: camallanidae) from hawai'i. | the freshwater fish parasite camallanus cotti fujita, 1927 (nematoda: camallanidae) is redescribed from the guppy poecilia reticulata (poeciliidae). we confirm previous reports of its occurrence in other introduced poeciliids in hawai'i, in 4 species of native hawaiian gobioid stream fishes, and in an elasmobranch, an aquarium-reared stingray potamotrygon sp. (dasyatididae) from hawai'i. because the source localities of introduced freshwater fish parasites may be far removed geographically from ... | 1997 | 9406795 |
| optomotor test for wavelength sensitivity in guppyfish (poecilia reticulata). | wavelength sensitivity was measured in the guppyfish by means of optomotor responses to a special apparent-motion display. a set of red and green bars appeared to humans to move to the left if red was darker than green, but to the right if red was lighter than green. at equiluminance there was no apparent motion. by noting the direction in which the fish swam to follow the stripes we were able to record equiluminance points for red, green and blue. store-bought guppies (poecilia reticulata) were ... | 1998 | 9474374 |
| longer-term population dynamics of gyrodactylus bullatarudis and g. turnbulli (monogenea) on adult guppies (poecilia reticulata) in 50-i experimental arenas. | two suprapopulations of monogeneans, one each of gyrodactylus bullatarudis and g. turnbulli, on two groups of ten experimentally infected adult guppies (poecilia reticulata) were maintained separately in 50.1 aquaria and monitored over 210 days. the g. bullatarudis population had a pattern of initial growth, then a subsequent decline to extinction after 40 days. g. turnbulli, after initial population growth and decline, maintained low-intensity infections (0.33-3.3 parasites/host) on six hosts o ... | 1998 | 9766905 |
| female choice for spot asymmetry in the trinidadian guppy. | the effect of spot asymmetry on female mate choice was investigated in the trinidadian guppy, poecilia reticulata. spot asymmetry arises because whole pattern elements are missing from one side or are located in a different position on either side. pairs of males were selected that differed in melanic spot asymmetry. in other respects the pair of males were matched for body size, display rate and other aspects of colour pattern. two experiments were carried out, one in which asymmetry was caused ... | 1997 | 9794776 |
| concurrent invaders--four exotic species of monogenea now established on exotic freshwater fishes in australia. | four species of exotic monogeneans are reported from five species of exotic freshwater fish in australia: gytrodactylus bullatarudis from poecilia reticulata and xiphophorus helleri in queensland; gyrodactylus macracanthus from misgurnus anguillicaudatus in the australian capital territory; dactylogyrus extensus from cyprinus carpio in the australian capital territory; and dactylogyrus anchoratus from carassius auratus in the australian capital territory. this is the first published record of de ... | 1998 | 9846613 |
| whirling disease: host specificity and interaction between the actinosporean stage of myxobolus cerebralis and rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss. | scanning electron microscopic studies were conducted on rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss in the first 60 min after their exposure to the triactinomyxon spores of myxobolus cerebralis. the results demonstrated that as early as 1 min post exposure the whole process, from the attachment of the triactinomyxon spores to the complete penetration of their sporoplasm germs, had occurred. the triactinomyxon spores sought out the secretory openings of mucous cells of the epidermis, the respiratory epithe ... | 1999 | 10073310 |
| experimental studies on the life-cycle of sebekia wedli (pentastomida: sebekidae). | four young nile crocodiles (crocodylus niloticus) were infected with infective pentastome larvae obtained from naturally infected mozambique bream, oreochromis mossambicus, and red-breasted bream, tilapia rendalli swierstrai in the kruger national park. at day 95 post infection one of the crocodiles died and three female and four male s. wedli were recovered from its lungs. one pair was found in copula but the uteri of the females were not yet developed. males and females were of about equal siz ... | 1998 | 10192834 |
| parasitized female guppies do not prefer showy males. | in many species male sexual characteristics are known to be affected negatively by parasites, which render their hosts unattractive to females, but how parasites affect the mating decisions of their female hosts has received little attention. the monogenean parasite gyrodactylus turnbulli reduces the sexual display and colour intensity of male guppies, poecilia reticulata, which makes them less attractive to females. here, i examine how these parasites affect the mate choice behaviour of their f ... | 1999 | 10328800 |
| slipped-strand mispairing at noncontiguous repeats in poecilia reticulata: a model for minisatellite birth. | the standard slipped-strand mispairing (ssm) model for the formation of variable number tandem repeats (vntrs) proposes that a few tandem repeats, produced by chance mutations, provide the "raw material" for vntr expansion. however, this model is unlikely to explain the formation of vntrs with long motifs (e.g., minisatellites), because the likelihood of a tandem repeat forming by chance decreases rapidly as the length of the repeat motif increases. phylogenetic reconstruction of the birth of a ... | 2000 | 10880490 |
| toxicity of euphorbia milii latex and niclosamide to snails and nontarget aquatic species. | the toxicity of euphorbia milii molluscicidal latex and niclosamide (ncl) to target snails (biomphalaria glabrata and biomphalaria tenagophila) and nontarget aquatic organisms is evaluated. planorbidae snails were killed by very low concentrations of lyophilized latex (48-h lc(50), mg/l: b. glabrata, 0.12; b. tenagophila, 0.09; helisoma duryi, 0.10). latex was less toxic (48-h lc(50) or ec(50), mg/l) to oligochaeta (tubifex tubifex, 0.31), planktonic crustacea (daphnia similis, 0.38; c. dubia, 1 ... | 2000 | 10903832 |
| toxicity-based criteria for the evaluation of textile wastewater treatment efficiency. | brazilian textile mills import wastewater treatment technologies, performances of which are generally evaluated only on a physicochemical basis. thus, a battery of bioassays was used to evaluate the performance of an ozonation system to treat textile effluents. comparative toxicological profiles for bacteria (vibrio fischeri), algae (scenedesmus subspicatus), daphnia (daphnia magna), fish (poecilia reticulata), and plants (soybean--glycine max, rice--oryza sativa, and wheat--triticum aestivum), ... | 2001 | 11345461 |
| antiandrogenic pesticides disrupt sexual characteristics in the adult male guppy poecilia reticulata. | environmental contaminants have been identified as endocrine disruptors through their antiandrogenic activity. thus, as androgen receptor antagonists, the fungicide vinclozolin and the principal ddt metabolite p,p'-dde have been demonstrated to induce demasculinization in rats. whether this is also the case in fish remains to be demonstrated. for a period of 30 days, groups of adult male guppies were exposed to vinclozolin, p,p'-dde, or the therapeutic antiandrogen flutamide (used as positive co ... | 2001 | 11675272 |
| diet seasonality and food overlap among fishes of the upper orituco stream, northern venezuela. | the diets of four diurnal fish species (creagrutus bolivari, knodus deuterodonoides, knodus sp. and poecilia reticulata) were examined during a year in the orituco stream at northern venezuela. the fishes were sampled monthly from february 1991 to march 1992 (except october 1991 and february 1992) in the stream main channel with a beach seine and a cast net. diet is reported as frequency of occurrence and numeric proportion because variation in prey sizes was small. non-parametric statistical te ... | 2001 | 11795147 |
| rapid evolution of escape ability in trinidadian guppies (poecilia reticulata). | predators are widely assumed to create selection that shapes the evolution of prey escape abilities. however, this assumption is difficult to test directly due to the challenge of recording both predation and its evolutionary consequences in the wild. we examined these events by studying natural and experimental populations of trinidadian guppies, poecilia reticulata, which occur in distinct high-predation and low-predation environments within streams. importantly, in the last two decades severa ... | 2002 | 12038535 |
| behavior favoring transmission in the viviparous monogenean gyrodactylus turnbulli. | transmission by gyrodactylus turnbulli occurs most frequently when its hosts (poecilia reticulata) come into close contact. this study is the first description of a specific migratory behavior that facilitates transmission of a gyrodactylid from dead hosts. recently-dead guppies typically float at the water's surface; g. turnbulli moves off these fish into the water film, hanging motionless with the haptor held by surface tension. because guppies are surface feeders, detached parasites in the wa ... | 2002 | 12053961 |
| post-embryonic development of camallanus cotti (nematoda: camallanidae), with emphasis on growth of some taxonomically important somatic characters. | in this paper, the quantitative post-embryonic development of the asian freshwater fish nematode camallanus cotti fujita, 1927, is described. larval and adult morphometrics were obtained by following the parasite's life cycle experimentally using copepods macrocyclops albidus (jurine) as intermediate host and guppies poecilia reticulata (peters), southern platyfish xiphophorus maculatus (günther) and paradise fish macropodus opercularis (l.) as definitive host. additionally, adult worms were obt ... | 2002 | 12418817 |
| parasitic infections in live freshwater tropical fishes imported to korea. | we examined 15 species of ornamental tropical fishes originating from southeast asia to determine the cause of losses among 8 fish farms in korea. a total of 351 individuals belonging to 5 different families (1 species of characidae, 6 of cichlidae, 3 of cyprinidae, 1 of heleostomatidae, and 4 of poecilidae) were collected for the purpose of detecting metazoan and protozoan parasites. parasites were fixed and stained using routine methods, and identified. we found 3 ciliates, 2 monogeneans, 1 ne ... | 2002 | 12542094 |
| use of the japanese medaka (oryzias latipes) and guppy (poecilia reticulata) in carcinogenesis testing under national toxicology program protocols. | a need exists for whole animal toxicity, mutagenesis, and carcinogenesis models that are alternative to the traditional rodent test models and that are economical, sensitive, and scientifically acceptable. among small fish models, the japanese medaka (oryzias latipes) is preeminent for investigating effects of carcinogenic and/or toxic waterborne hazards to humans. the guppy (poecilia reticulata), although less widely used, is valuable as a comparison species. both species are easy to maintain a ... | 2003 | 12597435 |
| control of the aedes vectors of the dengue viruses and wuchereria bancrofti: the french polynesian experience. | in most of the 130 islands of french polynesia, the stenotopic mosquitoes aedes aegypti (the main local vector for the viruses causing dengue) and aedes polynesiensis (the main local vector of wuchereria bancrofti) share many breeding sites in water containers such as discarded cans, coconut shells, buckets and water-storage pots and drums. in addition to selective application of insecticides, non-polluting methods of controlling these mosquitoes have been evaluated during the last decade in two ... | 2002 | 12625924 |
| parasitic infections in freshwater ornamental fish in sri lanka. | a total of 1520 ornamental fish of 13 species from 26 export farms in sri lanka were collected between october 1999 and march 2000 and examined for parasites. fish species examined were guppy poecilia reticulata, goldfish carassius auratus, platy xiphophorus maculatus, molly poecilia sphenops, angel pterophyllum scalare, swordtail xiphophorus helleri, tetras hyphessobrycon species, barbs capeota and puntius spp., gourami colisa sp., carp cyprinus carpio, fighters betta spelendens and others (bra ... | 2003 | 12747641 |
| sex-biased movement in the guppy (poecilia reticulata). | the movement strategies of birds and mammals are often closely linked to their mating system, but few studies have examined the relationship between mating systems and movement in fishes. we examined the movement patterns of the guppy ( poecilia reticulata) in the arima river of trinidad and predicted that sexual asymmetry in reproductive investment would result in male-biased movement. since male guppies maximize their reproductive success by mating with as many different females as possible, t ... | 2003 | 12856201 |
| host specificity and population structure of two exotic helminths, camallanus cotti (nematoda) and bothriocephalus acheilognathi (cestoda), parasitizing exotic fishes in waianu stream, o'ahu, hawai'i. | introduction of exotic fishes into hawai'ian streams has resulted in the simultaneous introduction of exotic parasites. camallanus corti (nematoda) and bothricephalus acheilognathi (cestoda) are the most prevalent and abundant fish helminths in hawai'ian streams. the population structure and host specificity of c. cotti and b. acheilognathi in exotic poeciliids were examined during may and june 1995 in waianu stream, o'ahu, hawai'i. prevalence and mean abundance of c. cotti were significantly di ... | 2003 | 12880255 |
| multiple mating and sequential mate choice in guppies: females trade up. | the trade-up hypothesis outlines a behavioural strategy that females could use to maximize the genetic benefits to their offspring. the hypothesis proposes that females should be more willing to accept a mate when the new male encountered is a superior genetic source to previous mates. we provide a direct test of the trade-up hypothesis using guppies (poecilia reticulata), and evaluate both behavioural and paternity data. virgin female guppies were presented sequentially with two males of varyin ... | 2003 | 12908984 |
| cloning and tissue expression of 6-pyruvoyl tetrahydropterin synthase and xanthine dehydrogenase from poecilia reticulata. | guppy is a popular ornamental fish owing to its diverse body and fin coloration. more than 40 established color varieties have been selectively bred. the complementary dnas for 2 enzymes that are involved in the de novo synthesis of pteridines and purines, which are important for the production of color pigments, were cloned from the caudal fin. two cdna isoforms for 6-pyruvoyl tetrahydropterin synthase (ptps), with an open reading frame of 130 and 147 amino acids, respectively, were cloned from ... | 2003 | 12925912 |
| morphological and enzymatic correlates of aerobic and burst performance in different populations of trinidadian guppies poecilia reticulata. | we examined the mechanistic basis for two whole-animal performance traits, aerobic capacity and burst speed, in six laboratory-reared trinidadian guppy populations from different native drainages with contrasting levels of predation. using within- and between-population variation, we tested whether variation in organs and organ systems (heart, gill and swimming motor mass) and the activities of several enzymes that support locomotion (citrate synthetase, lactate dehydrogenase and myofibrillar at ... | 2003 | 12966062 |
| inbreeding depression and genetic load of sexually selected traits: how the guppy lost its spots. | to date, few studies have investigated the effects of inbreeding on sexually selected traits, although inbreeding depression on such traits can play an important role in the evolution and ecology of wild populations. sexually selected traits such as ornamentation and courtship behaviour may not be primary fitness characters, but selection and dominance coefficients of their mutations will resemble those of traits under natural selection. strong directional selection, for instance, through female ... | 2003 | 14635866 |
| marginal differentiation between the sexual and general carotenoid pigmentation of guppies (poecilia reticulata) and a possible visual explanation. | we present the first detailed analysis of carotenoid pigmentation of the integument of guppies (poecilia reticulata peters), quantifying variation in carotenoid content and composition of wild guppies from three drainages on trinidad (1) between the sexual and general pigmentation of males, (2) between the sexes, and (3) geographically in relation to carotenoid availability. we report that the carotenoid pigments in the integument of guppies are predominantly esters of tunaxanthin. the peak wave ... | 2003 | 14988793 |
| sex-specific effects of carotenoid intake on the immunological response to allografts in guppies (poecilia reticulata). | rarely are the evolutionary origins of mate preferences known, but, recently, the preference of female guppies (poecilia reticulata) for males with carotenoid-based sexual coloration has been linked to a sensory bias that may have originally evolved for detecting carotenoid-rich fruits. if carotenoids enhance the immune systems of these fishes, as has been suggested for other species, this could explain the origin of the attraction to orange fruits as well as the maintenance of the female prefer ... | 2004 | 15002770 |
| predation intensity does not cause microevolutionary change in maximum speed or aerobic capacity in trinidadian guppies (poecilia reticulata peters). | we measured maximal oxygen consumption (vo(2max)) and burst speed in populations of trinidadian guppies (poecilia reticulata) from contrasting high- and low-predation habitats but reared in "common garden" conditions. we tested two hypothesis: first, that predation, which causes rapid life-history evolution in guppies, also impacts locomotor physiology, and second, that trade-offs would occur between burst and aerobic performance. vo(2max) was higher than predicted from allometry, and resting vo ... | 2004 | 15057715 |
| development of a rapid, sensitive and specific diagnostic assay for fish aquareovirus based on rt-pcr. | a rapid, sensitive and highly specific detection method for aquareovirus based on reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) was developed. based on multiple sequence alignment of the cloned sequences of a local isolates, the threadfin reovirus (tfv) and guppy reovirus (gpv) with grass carp reovirus (gcrv), a pair of degenerate primers was selected carefully and synthesized. using this primer combination, only one specific product, approximately 450 bp in length was obtained when r ... | 2004 | 15081606 |
| cryptic female preference for colorful males in guppies. | cryptic female choice (cfc) refers to female-mediated processes occurring during or after copulation that result in biased sperm use in favor of preferred or compatible males. despite recent empirical support for this hypothesis, evidence that cfc contributes towards the evolution of male body ornaments, in the same way that precopulatory female choice does, is currently lacking. here, we tested the possibility that cfc selects for increased male attractiveness in the guppy poecilia reticulata, ... | 2004 | 15119451 |
| multiple mating and reproductive skew in trinidadian guppies. | male offspring production in promiscuously mating species is typically more skewed than female offspring production. it is therefore advantageous for males to seek as many mating partners as possible. however, given the documented benefits of polyandry we expect females, as well as males, to mate multiply. we tested these ideas using trinidadian guppies, poecilia reticulata. fishes were collected from the wild, housed in groups of 10 males and 10 females and allowed to reproduce freely over a pe ... | 2004 | 15293853 |
| sexual isolation and extreme morphological divergence in the cumana guppy: a possible case of incipient speciation. | theory predicts that sexual selection can promote the evolution of reproductive isolation and speciation. those cases in which sexual selection has led to speciation should be characterized by significant differentiation in male display traits and correlated female preferences in the absence of post-zygotic isolation, accompanied by little genetic or other morphological differentiation. previous evidence indicates that a cluster of populations of the guppy (poecilia reticulata peters) from cuman ... | 2004 | 15525409 |
| larvivorous fish in wells target the malaria vector sibling species of the anopheles culicifacies complex in villages in karnataka, india. | malaria was a major problem in a sericulture area of karnataka, south india, where anopheles culicifacies s.l. and a. fluviatilis s.l. were considered to be the main vectors. sibling species complexes of these two species were analysed in three ecologically different villages. among a. culicifacies, only sibling species a and b were found. in puram, a village with 22 wells, species a predominated; species b predominated in a village with four wells and a stream, and in a village with a stream an ... | 2005 | 15607336 |
| countergradient variation in the sexual coloration of guppies (poecilia reticulata): drosopterin synthesis balances carotenoid availability. | trinidad guppies (poecilia reticulata) are distributed along an environmental gradient in carotenoid availability that limits the carotenoid content of the orange spots of males. the amount of synthetic red pteridines (drosopterins) in the orange spots covaries with the carotenoid content, such that the ratio of the two types of pigments is roughly conserved across streams. carotenoids and drosopterins have different spectral properties and thus the ratio of the two types of pigments affects the ... | 2005 | 15792237 |
| uncoupling the links between male mating tactics and female attractiveness. | because not all females are equally attractive, and because mating reduces the chances of getting further copulations, males should prefer better-quality mates. in this paper, we use the trinidadian guppy (poecilia reticulata) to explore the effects of two non-correlated measures of female quality--size and reproductive status--on male mating decisions. all male guppies employ two alternative mating tactics. we found that large females, particularly those from a high predation site, were the tar ... | 2004 | 15801594 |
| social networks in the guppy (poecilia reticulata). | social network theory is used to elicit details of the social structure of a population of free-ranging guppies, poecilia reticulata. they were found to have a complex and highly structured social network, which exhibited characteristics consistent with the 'small world' phenomenon. stable partner associations between individuals were observed, a finding that fulfils the basic prerequisite for the evolution of reciprocal altruism. the findings are discussed in relation to the ecology and evoluti ... | 2004 | 15801620 |
| detection of mycobacteria in aquarium fish in slovenia by culture and molecular methods. | thirty-five aquarium fish were investigated for the presence of mycobacteria by culture and molecular methods. the following species were examined: goldfish carassius auratus auratus, guppy poecilia reticulata, 4 three-spot gourami trichogaster trichopterus, dwarf gourami colisa lalia, siamese fighting fish betta splendens, freshwater angelfish pterophyllum scalare, african cichlid fish cichlidae spp., cichlid fish microgeophagus altispinosus, cichlid fish pseudotropheus lombardoi, blue streak h ... | 2005 | 15900685 |
| carotenoid availability affects the development of a colour-based mate preference and the sensory bias to which it is genetically linked. | regardless of their origins, mate preferences should, in theory, be shaped by their benefits in a mating context. here we show that the female preference for carotenoid colouration in guppies (poecilia reticulata) exhibits a phenotypically plastic response to carotenoid availability, confirming a key prediction of sexual selection theory. earlier work indicated that this mate preference is genetically linked to, and may be derived from, a sensory bias that occurs in both sexes: attraction to ora ... | 2005 | 16191629 |
| concentration-dependent effects of waterborne zinc on population dynamics of gyrodactylus turnbulli (monogenea) on isolated guppies ( poecilia reticulata ). | the effect of waterborne zinc (zn) on gyrodactylus population dynamics was studied on isolated guppies maintained at concentrations ranging from 0 to 240 microg zn/l. after 1 week pre-exposure to zn, each fish was experimentally infected with 3 gyrodactylids and parasite numbers were recorded daily on each fish until the fish either died or recovered from infection. parasite establishment was most successful at 0 and 240 microg zn/l (97%) compared with the intermediate zn concentrations. low to ... | 2006 | 16197593 |
| invasion success and genetic diversity of introduced populations of guppies poecilia reticulata in australia. | high genetic diversity is thought to characterize successful invasive species, as the potential to adapt to new environments is enhanced and inbreeding is reduced. in the last century, guppies, poecilia reticulata, repeatedly invaded streams in australia and elsewhere. quantitative genetic studies of one australian guppy population have demonstrated high additive genetic variation for autosomal and y-linked morphological traits. the combination of colonization success, high heritability of morph ... | 2005 | 16202088 |
| protective role of spirulina feed in a freshwater fish (poecilia reticulata peters) exposed to an azo dye-methyl red. | acute toxicity of an azo dye-methyl red (5-40 ppm) was examined under starving conditions, on two groups of poecilia reticulata--a freshwater fish, fed on different diets prior to their exposure to dye. besides natural feed, fish of group-1 also received spirulina feed for one month (feed population), whereas those of group-2 received only natural feed (non-feed population). the mortality data revealed non-feed population to be more tolerant to feed stress during acute toxicity study, whereas fe ... | 2005 | 16359129 |
| ntp carcinogenesis studies of 2,2-bis(bromomethyl)-1,3-propanediol, nitromethane, and 1,2,3-trichloropropane (cas nos. 3296-90-0, 75-52-5, and 96-18-4) in guppies (poecilia reticulata) and medaka (oryzias latipes) (waterborne studies). | the ntp chose to initiate studies in fish as an exploration of alternate or additional models for examining chemical toxicity and carcinogenicity. the use of small fish species in carcinogenicity testing offered potential advantages as a bioassay test system, including significant savings in cost and time over rodent studies. large numbers of small fish could be easily maintained in a limited area. the two species chosen for study were guppy (poecilia reticulata) and medaka (oryzias latipes), bo ... | 2005 | 16362062 |
| the evolution of senescence and post-reproductive lifespan in guppies (poecilia reticulata). | the study of post-reproductive lifespan has been of interest primarily with regard to the extended post-menopausal lifespan seen in humans. this unusual feature of human demography has been hypothesized to have evolved because of the "grandmother" effect, or the contributions that post-reproductive females make to the fitness of their children and grandchildren. while some correlative analyses of human populations support this hypothesis, few formal, experimental studies have addressed the evolu ... | 2006 | 16363919 |
| the relative influence of natural selection and geography on gene flow in guppies. | two general processes may influence gene flow among populations. one involves divergent selection, wherein the maladaptation of immigrants and hybrids impedes gene flow between ecological environments (i.e. ecological speciation). the other involves geographic features that limit dispersal. we determined the relative influence of these two processes in natural populations of trinidadian guppies (poecilia reticulata). if selection is important, gene flow should be reduced between different select ... | 2006 | 16367829 |
| larvivorous potential of fish species found in river bed pools below the major dams in sri lanka. | malaria in sri lanka is closely associated with the river systems in the country. construction of major dams across rivers has resulted in year-round pooling and anopheline mosquito breeding in river beds below the dams. this study was carried out to determine the larvivorous activity of fish found in river bed pools below the dams to identify the potential fish species for anopheline larval control in these areas. fish species in five river beds below the dams, namely, laxapana, kotmale, nilamb ... | 2006 | 16506451 |
| in situ and laboratory bioassays using poecilia reticulata peters, 1859 in the biomonitoring of an acidic lake at camaçari, ba, brazil. | the suitability and viability of acute in situ bioassays were investigated in the biomonitoring program of an acidic lake contaminated with sulphur residues. responses of organisms observed in laboratory and in situ bioassays were also assessed to determine whether or not they were similar and comparable, regarding accuracy and precision. newborn poecilia reticulata were employed as test organisms and exposed to the same water samples under in situ and laboratory conditions. mortality/immobility ... | 2006 | 16546236 |
| the utility of the guppy (poecilia reticulata) and medaka (oryzias latipes) in evaluation of chemicals for carcinogenicity. | there has been considerable interest in the use of small fish models for detecting potential environmental carcinogens. in this study, both guppies (poecilia reticulata) and medaka (oryzias latipes) were exposed in the aquaria water to three known rodent carcinogens for up to 16 months. nitromethane, which caused mammary gland tumors by inhalation exposure in female rats, harderian gland and lung tumors in male and female mice, and liver tumors in female mice by inhalation, failed to increase tu ... | 2006 | 16581948 |
| parallel evolution of the sexes? effects of predation and habitat features on the size and shape of wild guppies. | environmental gradients often lead to the parallel evolution of populations and species. to what extent do such gradients also lead to parallel evolution of the sexes? we used guppies (poecilia reticulata) to examine the parallel and independent (sex-specific) aspects of population divergence in response to predation and habitat features. geometric morphometrics was used to analyse size and shape variation for 1335 guppies from 27 to 31 sites sampled in each of 2 years. body size showed strong p ... | 2006 | 16674571 |
| frequency-dependent survival in natural guppy populations. | the maintenance of genetic variation in traits under natural selection is a long-standing paradox in evolutionary biology. of the processes capable of maintaining variation, negative frequency-dependent selection (where rare types are favoured by selection) is the most powerful, at least in theory; however, few experimental studies have confirmed that this process operates in nature. one of the most extreme, unexplained genetic polymorphisms is seen in the colour patterns of male guppies (poecil ... | 2006 | 16738659 |
| the effects of different predator species on antipredator behavior in the trinidadian guppy, poecilia reticulata. | different types of predators often elicit different antipredator responses in a common type of prey. alternatively, some prey species may adopt a general response, which provides limited protection from many different types of predator. the trinidadian guppy, poecilia reticulata, is faced with a wide range of different predators throughout its range and is known to display varying levels of antipredator behavior depending on the predator assemblage. pike cichlids, crenicichla frenata, are regard ... | 2006 | 16896976 |
| quantum chemistry based quantitative structure-activity relationships for modeling the (sub)acute toxicity of substituted mononitrobenzenes in aquatic systems. | fifteen experimental literature data sets on the acute toxicity of substituted nitrobenzenes to algae (scenedesmus obliquus, chlorella pyrenoidosa, c. vulgaris), daphnids (daphnia magna, d. carinata), fish (cyprinus carpio, poecilia reticulata), protozoa (tetrahymena pyriformis), bacteria (phosphobacterium phosphoreum), and yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae) were used to establish quantum chemistry based quantitative structure-activity relationships (qsars). the logarithm of the octanol/water part ... | 2006 | 16986785 |
| effects of physical habitat degradation on the stream fish assemblage structure in a pasture region. | we compared the fish assemblage structure from streams with different intensities of physical habitat degradation and chemical water pollution by domestic sewage in southeastern brazil. eight streams (r1-r8) showing less disturbed or more disturbed conditions of chemical water quality and of physical habitat quality were selected. cumulative abundance and biomass, combined in abc plots, revealed (i) biomass curves above the abundance curves, represented by the streams r1-r2 (water and habitat le ... | 2006 | 16990983 |
| effects of waterborne zinc on reproduction, survival and morphometrics of gyrodactylus turnbulli (monogenea) on guppies (poecilia reticulata). | recent reviews indicate that pollutants in the surrounding macroenvironment directly influence the population dynamics, distribution and dispersal of fish ectoparasites, often leading to increased parasitism. the aim of the current study was to explore the effects of sublethal concentrations of waterborne zinc (up to 240 microg zn/l) on survival, reproduction and morphometrics of gyrodactylus turnbulli, a viviparous monogenean infecting the skin and fins of the guppy, poecilia reticulata. parasi ... | 2007 | 17049530 |
| camallanus cotti fujita, 1927 (nematoda, camallanoidea) in ornamental aquarium fishes: pathology and morphology. | the pathology induced by the nematode camallanus cotti in the aquarium fishes beta splendens (beta fish) and poecilia reticulata (guppy) consisted of gross and microscopic lesions, the former characterized by abdominal swelling with reddish parasites protruding from the anus in both fish hosts and the latter, similar in the beta fishes and guppies, by hemorrhage, congestion, edema, a few glandular elements, and extensive erosion areas in the rectum mucosa, with a marked thickening of the wall an ... | 2006 | 17072484 |
| formulation of tablets from the crude extract of rhinacanthus nasutus (thai local plant) against aedes aegypti and culex quinquefasciatus larvae: a preliminary study. | dried root powder of rhinacanthus nasutus, thong phan chang (thai name) were extracted with methanol (meoh) in a soxhlet apparatus and made into 2 formulations of tablet containing the extract at 5% and 10% concentration. due to the viscous and poor flow properties of the crude meoh extract obtained, a wet granulation method was conducted in developing the tablets. lactose was used as a filler. polyvinyl pyrrolidone (pvp) k30 (15% w/w solution in alcohol) was used as the binding agent, while ste ... | 2006 | 17124984 |
| experimental infections of the monogenean gyrodactylus turnbulli indicate that it is not a strict specialist. | parasites represent a threat to endangered fish species, particularly when the parasite can host switch and the new host is vulnerable. if the parasite is highly host specific then successful host switching should be a rare occurrence; however, the host range of many parasites which are assumed to be specialists has never been tested. this includes the monogenean gyrodactylus turnbulli, a well-studied ectoparasite found caudally on its known host, the guppy, poecilia reticulata. in this study, w ... | 2007 | 17224155 |
| long-wavelength sensitive visual pigments of the guppy (poecilia reticulata): six opsins expressed in a single individual. | the diversity of visual systems in fish has long been of interest for evolutionary biologists and neurophysiologists, and has recently begun to attract the attention of molecular evolutionary geneticists. several recent studies on the copy number and genomic organization of visual pigment proteins, the opsins, have revealed an increased opsin diversity in fish relative to most vertebrates, brought about through recent instances of opsin duplication and divergence. however, for the subfamily of o ... | 2007 | 17288569 |
| selection by parasites in spate conditions in wild trinidadian guppies (poecilia reticulata). | gyrodactylids are ubiquitous fish parasites and yet, with the notable exception of gyrodactylus salaris, few studies have reported the effect of these parasites on host survival in natural populations. here, we assess the impact of the parasite load of gyrodactylids (g. turnbulli and g. bullatarudis) on the survival and migration of guppies (poecilia reticulata) in their natural habitat of the aripo river in trinidad. the recapture rate of males declined by 19% with every additional parasite, a ... | 2007 | 17307185 |
| the impact of parasites on the life history evolution of guppies (poecilia reticulata): the effects of host size on parasite virulence. | there is large spatial and temporal variation in the gyrodactylus parasite fauna across natural guppy (poecilia reticulata) populations in trinidad. the life history evolution of these fish could be affected differently in the various habitats depending on the local parasite selection pressure. here, we experimentally infected three guppy populations with three gyrodactylid strains in the laboratory and monitored the infection by recording the number of parasites and host mortality in a full fac ... | 2007 | 17561023 |
| experimental studies of evolution in guppies: a model for understanding the evolutionary consequences of predator removal in natural communities. | guppies (poecilia reticulata) in trinidadian streams are found with a diversity of predators in the lower reaches of streams, but few predators in the headwaters. these differences have caused the adaptive evolution of guppy behaviour, morphology, male colouration and life history. waterfalls often serve as barriers to the upstream distribution of predators and/or guppies. such discontinuities make it possible to treat streams like giant test tubes by introducing guppies or predators to small se ... | 2008 | 17725576 |
| multiple paternity and kin recognition mechanisms in a guppy population. | help directed toward kin (nepotism) is an important example of social behaviour. such helping behaviour requires a mechanism to distinguish kin from nonkin. the prevailing kin recognition hypothesis is that when familiarity is a reliable cue of relatedness, other mechanisms of recognition will not evolve. however, when familiarity is an unreliable cue of relatedness, kin recognition by phenotype matching is instead predicted to evolve. here we use genetic markers to show that guppies (poecilia r ... | 2007 | 17850555 |
| relationship between algal-foraging ability and expression of sexually selected traits in male guppies. | in the guppy poecilia reticulata, males exhibit orange spots on their body and tail, and the orange spot patterns are often criteria for female mate choice. the orange spot coloration of males is determined by the intake of algae, a natural source of carotenoids. therefore, males exhibiting conspicuous orange coloration are considered to possess high algal-foraging ability. in the present study, we examined the influence of algal-foraging ability, measured by algal-searching ability and algal-fo ... | 2007 | 17867858 |
| [content of the digestive tract of 4 authoctonous species of fishes and their implications as boiregulators of mosquito larvae in venezuela]. | the content of the digestive tract of 4 authoctonous species of fishes that presented characteristics of larvivorous fishes was analyzed. it was found that 28% of the caught specimens of aequidens pulcher presented in their gastrointestinal content residues of larvae and pupae of mosquitoes combined with other food, and that 26 5 has only larvae and pupae. in aequidens coeruleopunctatus, 6 % of their content was larvae and pupae with other food, whereas 10% had only larvae and pupae. 56% of the ... | 2005 | 17969273 |
| gyro-scope: an individual-based computer model to forecast gyrodactylid infections on fish hosts. | individual-based computer models (ibm) feature prominently in current theoretical ecology but have only been applied in a small number of parasitological studies. here we designed an ibm to simulate the infection dynamics of gyrodactylid parasites and immune defence of naïve hosts (i.e. fish previously not exposed to these parasites). we compared the results of the model with empirical data from guppies (poecilia reticulata) infected with gyrodactylus parasites. the laboratory experiments on gup ... | 2008 | 18022176 |
| the life cycle of stephanoprora aylacostoma n.sp. (digenea: echinostomatidae), parasite of the threatened snail aylacostoma chloroticum (prosobranchia, thiaridae), in argentina. | a new species, stephanoprora aylacostoma is described and its life cycle was resolved experimentally. the prosobranch snail aylacostoma chloroticum hylton scott, collected in the yacyretá dam, province of misiones, argentina, was found naturally infected with large-tailed cercariae possessing a prepharyngeal body and corpuscles in the excretory system but lacking collar spines. metacercariae, which encysted on the gills of experimentally infected fishes cnesterodon decemmaculatus (jenyns) and po ... | 2008 | 18074153 |
| larvivorous activity of poecilia reticulata against culex quinquefasciatus larvae in a polluted water drain in hardwar, india. | the efficacy of the larvivorous fish poecilia reticulata against mosquito larvae was monitored in a drain at bharat heavy electricals limited, hardwar, india. the water was polluted and the water flow was in some way impeded. poecilia reticulata failed to feed on culex quinquefasciatus larvae in this drain. laboratory experiments also confirmed the inefficacy of p. reticulata as a predator of cx. quinquefasciatus larvae during the first 24 h. significant differences in the efficacy of p. reticul ... | 2007 | 18240525 |
| costs and effectiveness of application of poecilia reticulata (guppy) and temephos in anopheline mosquito control in river basins below the major dams of sri lanka. | in this study we examined the costs and effectiveness of using larvivorous fish, poecilia reticulata, and a chemical larvicide, temephos, in anopheline mosquito control in the riverbeds below the major dams in sri lanka. five riverbeds below the dams, namely laxapana, kotmale 1, kotmale 2, nilambe, rantembe and victoria, were selected. riverbed pools in laxapana and kotmale 1 were treated with p. reticulata; rantembe and victoria were treated with temephos; and kotmale 2 and nilambe were kept as ... | 2008 | 18486171 |
| inter-population variation in multiple paternity and reproductive skew in the guppy. | we use microsatellite loci to detail the multiple paternity patterns in broods from 10 wild populations of the guppy (poecilia reticulata) found in northern trinidad. the populations span two major drainages comprising the caroni and the oropouche, and include sites that are characterized by either high or low predation. across the populations the frequency of multiple paternity is high with 95% (range: 70%-100%) of broods having multiple sires. broods have an average of 3.5 sires (range: 1-9) a ... | 2008 | 18494765 |
| male harassment drives females to alter habitat use and leads to segregation of the sexes. | sexual conflict is ubiquitous across taxa. it often results in male harassment of females for mating opportunities that are costly for females, in some cases reducing reproductive success and increasing mortality. one strategy that females may employ to avoid sexual harassment is to segregate spatially from males. in fact, we do find sexual segregation in habitat use in species that have high levels of sexual conflict; however, the role of sexual harassment in driving such segregation remains po ... | 2008 | 18682356 |
| community-based use of the larvivorous fish poecilia reticulata to control the dengue vector aedes aegypti in domestic water storage containers in rural cambodia. | a community-based study of the distribution of larvivorous fish, poecilia reticulata (common name: guppy), in water storage containers for dengue control was undertaken in 14 villages and approximately 1,000 households in cambodia. community volunteers reared guppies and distributed them in water jars and tanks in households for which they were responsible. a nearby control area received no intervention. one year after project commencement, 56.9% of eligible containers contained guppies and ther ... | 2008 | 18697316 |
| the effects of gokshura, tribulus terrestris on sex reversal of guppy, poecilia reticulata. | this study examined the effects of tribulus terrestris (tt) on sex reversal in guppy, poecilia reticulata. the objective of this study was to introduce a new environmentally friendly method for masculinization in p. reticulata. since male guppy has higher commercial value than female. tt is a natural, non-toxic herb which helps enhance testosterone levels in human and animals. it was prepared in a laboratory in france. different concentration (0.0, 0.05, 0.1 and 0.15 g l(-1)) of tt was investiga ... | 2007 | 19069853 |
| larvivorous potential of the guppy, poecilia reticulata, in anopheline mosquito control in riverbed pools below the kotmale dam, sri lanka. | the larvivorous potential of poecilia reticulata was studied in the laboratory and in the field. in the laboratory, the number of anopheline larvae consumed per fish per day and the number of larvae in fecal matter per fish were determined. in the field study, 29 of 60 selected riverbed pools in kotmale oya, below the kotmale dam, were stocked with p reticulata, whereas the rest served as controls. anopheline larval surveys were carried out starting from 1 day prior to stocking of fish and on se ... | 2008 | 19124299 |
| environmental factors influencing adult sex ratio in trinidadian guppies. | sex ratios can influence mating behaviour, population dynamics and evolutionary trajectories; yet the causes of natural sex ratio variation are often uncertain. although secondary (birth) sex ratios in guppies (poecilia reticulata) are typically 1:1, we recorded female-biased tertiary (adult) sex ratios in about half of our 48 samples and male-biased sex ratios in none of them. this pattern implies that some populations experience male-biased mortality, perhaps owing to variation in predation or ... | 2009 | 19132402 |
| population genetic analysis of microsatellite variation of guppies (poecilia reticulata) in trinidad and tobago: evidence for a dynamic source-sink metapopulation structure, founder events and population bottlenecks. | riverine fish populations are traditionally considered to be highly structured and subject to strong genetic drift. here, we use microsatellites to analyse the population structure of the guppy (poecilia reticulata), focussing on the headwater floodplain area of the caroni drainage in trinidad. we also analyse the population genetics of guppies in the northern drainage in trinidad, a habitat characterized by rivers flowing directly into the sea, and a small isolated population in tobago. upland ... | 2009 | 19210594 |