| [spectral analysis of the cardiac rhythm of fishes]. | spectral analysis of the rhythmograms in the cod gadus morhua callarias, plaice pleuronectes platessa, herring clupea harengus membras and trout salmo gairdneri revealed complex wave structure of their cardiac rhythm. in all the species investigated, slow (0.01-0.06 hz), intermediate (0.06-0.25 hz) and fast (0.25-0.5 hz) waves were recorded. it is suggested that the wave structure of cardiac rhythm reflects rather complicated relationships between functional systems regulating cardiac activity. | 1987 | 3673370 |
| prevalence and intensity of infection of cryptocotyle lingua (creplin) and diplostomum spathaceum (rudolphi)--parasitic metacercariae of baltic cod (gadus morhua l.). | a parasitological investigation of baltic cod, caught in the bornholm basin, showed that 1.6% were infected by c. lingua (metacercaria) and 22.5% were infected by d. spathaceum (metacercaria). only the heavily c. lingua infected cod showed discoloured fillets due to metacercariae in the muscle. the highest intensity of infection of d. spathaceum was found in smaller cod, but only minor opaque spots were observed in the infected lenses. the low prevalence of c. lingua is supposed to be a result o ... | 1986 | 3797237 |
| on the infection of baltic cod (gadus morhua l.) by the acanthocephalan echinorhynchus gadi (zoega) müller. | 297 specimens of baltic cod, caught in the bornholm basin, were examined for infection with the acanthocephalan echinorhynchus gadi. only two cod were not infected. negative correlations between the parasite load and the liver index were found, while no clear correlation between the parasite load and the condition factor was observed. besides a parasitic effect on the liver the food type and ration were suggested as influential factors in the investigation. | 1986 | 3797238 |
| some comments on the usefulness of 2-thiobarbituric acid (tba) test for the evaluation of rancidity in frozen fish. | rancidity of frozen fish (baltic cod and herring, mackerel, horse mackerel and hake) was determined by means of tba value, organoleptical scoring and peroxide value. the correlation between the rancid odour sensory assessment and tba test results proved insignificant (r = 0.53). model experiment was undertaken in which promine d with addition of papain was incubated at 50 degrees c over 44 h. it was shown that as accumulation of protein hydrolysis products proceeded the increase of tba value has ... | 1983 | 6684213 |
| diseases and injuries associated with mortality of hatchery reared baltic cod (gadus morhua l.) larvae. | a cod hatching plant was established in 1992 on the island of bornholm in the baltic sea in order to elucidate the possibilities for restocking of cod fry in this brackishwater system. the disease prevalence in 3 batches of hatchery-reared yolksac larvae from the baltic cod (gadus morhua l.) was monitored during the posthatch period. high prevalences of bacteriosis/mycosis, lordosis/scoliosis, injuries and protozoan endoparasitism were recorded. vibrio sp. and vibrio anguillarum serovar 04, 06, ... | 1993 | 8147291 |
| non-polar halogenated natural products bioaccumulated in marine samples. ii. brominated and mixed halogenated compounds. | several identified and potential natural brominated bioaccumulative compounds were studied in this work. 4,6-dibromo-2-(2('),4(')-dibromo)phenoxyanisole (bc-2) previously detected in australian marine mammals and isolated from sponges, was synthesized. two byproducts (a tetrabromo isomer and a tribromo congener) were investigated as well. the byproducts of the synthesis were not identified in the environmental samples investigated. previously described natural brominated compounds (bc-1, bc-2, b ... | 2003 | 12738265 |
| two zebrafish alcohol dehydrogenases share common ancestry with mammalian class i, ii, iv, and v alcohol dehydrogenase genes but have distinct functional characteristics. | ethanol is teratogenic to many vertebrates. we are utilizing zebrafish as a model system to determine whether there is an association between ethanol metabolism and ethanol-mediated developmental toxicity. here we report the isolation and characterization of two cdnas encoding zebrafish alcohol dehydrogenases (adhs). phylogenetic analysis of these zebrafish adhs indicates that they share a common ancestor with mammalian class i, ii, iv, and v adhs. the genes encoding these zebrafish adhs have be ... | 2004 | 15231826 |
| metal-controlled interdomain cooperativity in parvalbumins. | conformational behavior of five homologous proteins, parvalbumins (pas) from northern pike (alpha and beta isoforms), baltic cod, and rat (alpha and beta isoforms), was studied by scanning calorimetry, circular dichroism, and bis-ans fluorescence. the mechanism of the temperature-induced denaturation of these proteins depends dramatically on both the peculiarities of their amino acid sequences and on their interaction with metal ions. for example, the pike alpha-pa melting can be described by tw ... | 2009 | 19651438 |
| inter-tissue distribution and evaluation of potential toxicity of pcbs in baltic cod (gadus morhua l.). | pcbs measured in the muscle, liver, and gonads of cod collected from two locations in the southern baltic were evaluated as total (summation operator pcbs), indicator (summation operator pcb(7)), and dioxin-like (summation operator dl-pcbs) concentrations. gender, tissue lipid content, and collection site were important determinants of pcb levels. irrespective of collection site, lipid-normalized summation operator pcbs, summation operator pcb(7), and summation operator dl-pcbs in females were t ... | 2009 | 19682744 |
| ribosomal rna gene sequences confirm that protistan endoparasite of larval cod gadus morhua is ichthyodinium sp. | an enigmatic protistan endoparasite found in eggs and larvae of cod gadus morhua and turbot psetta maxima was isolated from baltic cod larvae, and dna was extracted for sequencing of the parasite's small subunit ribosomal rna (ssu rrna) gene. the endoparasite has previously been suggested to be related to ichthyodinium chabelardi, a dinoflagellate-like protist that parasitizes yolk sacs of embryos and larvae of a variety of fish species. comparison of a 1535 bp long fragment of the ssu rrna gene ... | 2010 | 20225677 |
| multi-decadal responses of a cod (gadus morhua) population to human-induced trophic changes, fishing, and climate. | understanding how human impacts have interacted with natural variability to affect populations and ecosystems is required for sustainable management and conservation. the baltic sea is one of the few large marine ecosystems worldwide where the relative contribution of several key forcings to changes in fish populations can be analyzed with empirical data. in this study we investigate how climate variability and multiple human impacts (fishing, marine mammal hunting, eutrophication) have affected ... | 2011 | 21516899 |
| polymorphism, selection and tandem duplication of transferrin genes in atlantic cod (gadus morhua) - conserved synteny between fish monolobal and tetrapod bilobal transferrin loci. | abstract: background: the two homologous iron-binding lobes of transferrins are thought to have evolved by gene duplication of an ancestral monolobal form, but any conserved synteny between bilobal and monolobal transferrin loci remains unexplored. the important role played by transferrin in the resistance to invading pathogens makes this polymorphic gene a highly valuable candidate for studying adaptive divergence among local populations. results: the atlantic cod genome was shown to harbour tw ... | 2011 | 21612617 |
| stable isotope evidence for late medieval (14th-15th c) origins of the eastern baltic cod (gadus morhua) fishery. | although recent historical ecology studies have extended quantitative knowledge of eastern baltic cod (gadus morhua) exploitation back as far as the 16th century, the historical origin of the modern fishery remains obscure. widespread archaeological evidence for cod consumption around the eastern baltic littoral emerges around the 13th century, three centuries before systematic documentation, but it is not clear whether this represents (1) development of a substantial eastern baltic cod fishery, ... | 2011 | 22110675 |
| adaptation to low salinity promotes genomic divergence in atlantic cod (gadus morhua l.). | how genomic selection enables species to adapt to divergent environments is a fundamental question in ecology and evolution. we investigated the genomic signatures of local adaptation in atlantic cod (gadus morhua l.) along a natural salinity gradient, ranging from 35‰ in the north sea to 7‰ within the baltic sea. by utilizing a 12 k snpchip, we simultaneously assessed neutral and adaptive genetic divergence across the atlantic cod genome. combining outlier analyses with a landscape genomic appr ... | 2015 | 25994933 |
| contracaecum osculatum and other anisakid nematodes in grey seals and cod in the baltic sea: molecular and ecological links. | populations of grey seals (halichoerus grypus), sprats (sprattus sprattus) and cod (gadus morhua) in the baltic sea are relatively stationary. the present work, applying classical and molecular helminthological techniques, documents that seals and cod also share a common parasite, the anisakid nematode contracaecum osculatum, which uses seals as the final host and fish as transport hosts. sequencing mitochondrial genes (cox1 and cox2) in adult worms from seals and third-stage larvae from livers ... | 2017 | 28124629 |
| occurrence of zoonotic nematodes pseudoterranova decipiens, contracaecum osculatum and anisakis simplex in cod (gadus morhua) from the baltic sea. | baltic cod gadus morhua (a total of total 224 specimens) captured east of the island of bornholm in the southern baltic sea were subjected to a parasitological investigation between march 2013 and april 2014. full artificial digestion of fillets from 188 cod and additional investigation of livers from 36 cod were performed. cod or seal worm pseudoterranova decipiens was recorded in musculature (prevalences up to 55% and intensities up to 56 worms per fish) associated with a negative correlation ... | 2014 | 25224792 |
| host size-dependent anisakid infection in baltic cod gadus morhua associated with differential food preferences. | a significant increase in the infection level of baltic cod gadus morhua with the anisakid nematode larvae contracaecum osculatum and pseudoterranova decipiens has been recorded during recent years due to the expanding local population of grey seals halichoerus grypus, which act as final hosts for these parasites. here, we report from an investigation of 368 cod (total length [tl] 6-49 cm; caught in ices subdivision 25) that the infection level of juvenile cod (tl 6-30 cm) with larvae of c. oscu ... | 2016 | 27304871 |
| [infestation rates of the main commercial fish species with larvae of contracaecum osculatum (rudolphi, 1802) (nematoda: anisakidae) in russian waters of the south baltic in 2000-2012]. | the infestation dynamic of the sprat (sprattus sprattus balticus), the baltic herring (clupea harengus membras), and the baltic cod (gadus morhua callaris) with nematodes contracaecum osculatum 1 (anisakidae) from russian waters of the south baltic were studied in 2000-2012. peculiarities of larval growth in different hosts were analyzed. a total of 6233 fish specimens were investigated, including 1420, 3867, and 946 specimens of sprat, herring, and cod, respectively. the prevalence and mean int ... | 2015 | 25693327 |
| third-stage nematode larvae of contracaecum osculatum from baltic cod (gadus morhua) elicit eosinophilic granulomatous reactions when penetrating the stomach mucosa of pigs. | third-stage larvae of the anisakid nematode contracaecum osculatum were recovered from livers of atlantic cod (gadus morhua) caught in the baltic sea (june 2014) and used for experimental infection of two pigs (one male and one female). each pig received 215 larvae by oral infection (feeding with minced cod liver containing live nematode larvae). pigs were euthanized after 5 days, necropsied, and subjected to parasitological investigation. a total of 12 larvae were found penetrating the mucosa o ... | 2015 | 25563618 |
| increased contracaecum osculatum infection in baltic cod (gadus morhua) livers (1982-2012) associated with increasing grey seal (halichoerus gryphus) populations. | grey seals (halichoerus gryphus), the main final host of the gastric parasitic nematode contracaecum osculatum in the baltic, have recently recolonized the southwestern baltic sea. this colonization could lead to an increase in prevalence and intensity of third-stage larvae of c. osculatum in livers of baltic cod (gadus morhua), which serve as transport host for this helminth. we performed a parasitologic study of cod in spring 2012 and compared the results with previously unpublished data from ... | 2014 | 24779467 |
| emerging pseudoterranova decipiens (krabbe, 1878) problems in baltic cod, gadus morhua l., associated with grey seal colonization of spawning grounds. | | 2012 | 22817526 |
| survey of persistent organochlorine contaminants (pcdd, pcdf, and pcb) in fish collected from the polish baltic fishing areas. | concentrations and congener-specific profiles of pcdds, pcdfs, dl-pcbs, and ndl-pcbs were determined in five species of edible fish from the baltic sea (ices 24-27): salmon (salmo salar), baltic herring (clupea harengus membras), sprat (sprattus sprattus balticus), sea trout (salmo trutta m.trutta), and cod (gadus morhua callarias). marker pcbs were the dominant compounds (0.07-60.84 ng/g w.w.), followed by dl-pcbs (0.64-6.07 pg who-teq/g w.w.) and pcdd/pcdfs (0.22-5.67 pg who-teq w.w). the conc ... | 2012 | 22593715 |
| hypoxic areas, density-dependence and food limitation drive the body condition of a heavily exploited marine fish predator. | investigating the factors regulating fish condition is crucial in ecology and the management of exploited fish populations. the body condition of cod (gadus morhua) in the baltic sea has dramatically decreased during the past two decades, with large implications for the fishery relying on this resource. here, we statistically investigated the potential drivers of the baltic cod condition during the past 40 years using newly compiled fishery-independent biological data and hydrological observatio ... | 2016 | 27853557 |
| tetracycline marks visible in baltic cod gadus morhua otoliths stored for 40 years. | baltic cod gadus morhua otoliths marked with oxytetracycline (otc) in 1974-1975 had been sectioned and the sections stored in paper envelopes at room temperature in dry, dark conditions. after 40 years of storage, the historic otc marks were still clearly visible showing that otc is suitable for long-term chemical marking of otoliths. they were, however, noticeably paler than marks in recently recaptured and archived baltic g. morhua otoliths, chemically tagged with tetracycline at similar dosag ... | 2016 | 27502040 |
| correction: localisation of nursery areas based on comparative analyses of the horizontal and vertical distribution patterns of juvenile baltic cod (gadus morhua). | | 2016 | 26840976 |
| eye fluke infection status in baltic cod, gadus morhua, after three decades and their use as ecological indicators. | eye flukes of the genus diplostomum were recorded with a prevalence of 7.4% and a mean intensity of 11.9 (range 1-75) parasites per fish in eye lenses of a total of 188 atlantic cod, gadus morhua, sampled in the southeastern baltic sea from march 2013 to february 2014. a slight decrease of infection level, among the fish with body length ranging from 30 to 89.5 cm, was found when data were compared to a corresponding survey in the 1980s. due to imprecise species identification of eye flukes base ... | 2015 | 26204178 |
| preliminary study on brominated dioxins/furans and hydroxylated/methoxylated pbdes in baltic cod (gadus morhua) liver. comparison to the levels of analogue chlorinated co-occurring pollutants. | low pg levels of pbdd/fs in 0.8-38.9 pg g(-1) (fat) range (mean 14.2 pg g(-1)) observed in the tested cod liver samples were significantly lower than levels of their chlorinated analogues (25.1-95.9 range, 37.7 mean pg g(-1) fat). brominated furans dominated the congener profile. elevated levels of oh-/meo-bde were however observed with mean concentrations at 2769±1319 and 5441±2918 pg g(-1) (fat) respectively. the observed congener profiles with the predominance of 6-oh-bde 47 and the relativel ... | 2015 | 26002098 |
| transcriptome analysis of gill tissue of atlantic cod gadus morhua l. from the baltic sea. | the atlantic cod (gadus morhua l.) is one of the most ecologically and economically important marine fish species in the north atlantic ocean. using roche gs-flx 454 pyrosequencing technique 962,516 reads, representing 379mbp of the baltic cod transcriptome, were obtained. data was assembled into 14,029 contigs of which 100% displayed homology to the atlantic cod transcriptome. despite a high similarity between transcripts, evidence for significant differences between baltic and atlantic cod was ... | 2015 | 25913867 |
| genetic differentiation of brackish water populations of cod gadus morhua in the southern baltic, inferred from genotyping using snp-arrays. | the baltic is a semi-enclosed sea characterised by decreasing salinity in the eastern and northern direction with only the deeper parts of the southern baltic suitable as spawning grounds for marine species like cod. baltic cod exhibits various adaptations to brackish water conditions, yet the inflow of salty north sea water near the bottom remains an influence on the spawning success of the baltic cod. the eastern baltic population has been very weakly studied in comparison with the western pop ... | 2015 | 24910372 |
| localisation of nursery areas based on comparative analyses of the horizontal and vertical distribution patterns of juvenile baltic cod (gadus morhua). | knowledge of the spatial distribution of juvenile cod is essential for obtaining precise recruitment data to conduct sustainable management of the eastern and western baltic cod stocks. in this study, the horizontal and vertical distribution and density patterns of settled juvenile 0- and 1-group baltic cod are determined, and their nursery areas are localised according to the environmental factors affecting them. comparative statistical analyses of biological, hydrographic and hydroacoustic dat ... | 2013 | 23967084 |
| biological ensemble modeling to evaluate potential futures of living marine resources. | natural resource management requires approaches to understand and handle sources of uncertainty in future responses of complex systems to human activities. here we present one such approach, the "biological ensemble modeling approach," using the eastern baltic cod (gadus morhua callarias) as an example. the core of the approach is to expose an ensemble of models with different ecological assumptions to climate forcing, using multiple realizations of each climate scenario. we simulated the long-t ... | 2013 | 23865226 |
| epitope mapping of the major allergen from atlantic cod in spanish population reveals different ige-binding patterns. | ige-epitope mapping of allergens reveal important information about antigen components involved in allergic reactions. the peptide-based microarray immunoassay has been used to map epitopes of some food allergens. we developed a peptide microarray immunoassay to map allergenic epitopes in parvalbumin from atlantic cod (gad m 1), the most consumed cod species in spain. | 2013 | 23554100 |
| epitopic hexapeptide sequences from baltic cod parvalbumin beta (allergen gad c 1) are common in the universal proteome. | the aim of this study was to analyze the distribution of hexapeptide fragments considered as epitopes of baltic cod parvalbumin beta (allergen gad c 1) in the universal proteome. cod (gadus morhua subsp. callarias) parvalbumin hexapeptides cataloged in the immune epitope database were used as query sequences. the uniprot database was screened using the wu-blast 2 program. the distribution of hexapeptide fragments was investigated in various protein families, classified according to the presence ... | 2012 | 22940202 |
| differences in salinity tolerance and gene expression between two populations of atlantic cod (gadus morhua) in response to salinity stress. | populations of marine fish, even from contrasting habitats, generally show low genetic differentiation at neutral genetic markers. nevertheless, there is increasing evidence for differences in gene expression among populations that may be ascribed to adaptive divergence. studying variation in salinity tolerance and gene expression among atlantic cod (gadus morhua) from two populations distributed across a steep salinity gradient, we observed high mortality (45% north sea cod and 80% baltic sea c ... | 2012 | 22205502 |
| [assessment of production of eggs of eastern baltic cod (gadus morhua callarias l.) on the basis of long-term ichthyoplankton data]. | proceeding from long-term data on the numbers of eggs of cod in ichthyoplankton, the total annual production of cod eggs at four main spawning grounds of the baltic sea was calculated. it was shown that the long-term fluctuations of cod egg production were positively related to the dynamics of the volume of waters coming to the baltic sea in years of the north sea advections. it is suggested that this dependence was determined by a set of adaptations providing the extension of cod reproduction u ... | 2012 | 21786653 |
| [reproductive potential of the eastern baltic cod gadus morhua callarias l. population]. | trends in interannual variation in maturation and spawning terms of various age cohorts in the eastern baltic cod population in 1997-2009 were studied. specific features in the age structure of the mature population part that were established by the end of the first decade of the 21st century were clarified. the role of cod age cohorts in the current population reproduction was considered taking into account the data on cod recruitment and fecundity. | 2012 | 21786651 |
| biomanipulation: a tool in marine ecosystem management and restoration? | widespread losses of production and conservation values make large-scale ecosystem restoration increasingly urgent. ecological restoration by means of biomanipulation, i.e., by fishing out planktivores to reduce the predation pressure on herbivorous zooplankton, has proved to be an effective tool in restoring degraded lakes and coastal ecosystems. whether biomanipulation may prove a useful restoration method in open and structurally complex marine ecosystems is, however, still unknown. to promot ... | 2010 | 21265454 |
| impact of strontium on skeletal deformities in baltic cod (gadus morhua callaris l.). | a study was conducted to examine spinal deformities such as lordosis, scoliosis, and dwarfism in cod (gadus morhua callaris l.) that were caught in the southern baltic. the bone tissue of the spine and the muscle of the deformed cod were analyzed for concentration of macroelements (sr, ca and p) and toxic metals (cd, pb and hg). healthy specimens of the same body length that were caught in the same hauls were also tested, and these comprised the reference material. the study was undertaken to ve ... | 2011 | 21216438 |
| chemical surface disinfection of eggs of baltic cod, gadus morhua l. | the effect of two disinfectants on eggs and larvae of baltic cod, gadus morhua, was investigated. the eggs were disinfected for 10 min using various concentrations of either glutaraldehyde (100, 200, 400, 600 and 800 mg l(-1)) or iodophor (10, 50, 100 and 150 mg l(-1)), 1-4-days post-fertilization. bactericidal effect of disinfection, survival to hatching, hatching success and larval abnormalities were assessed. larval survival was recorded at 5-, 10- and 15-days post-hatch (dph). although balti ... | 2010 | 20626547 |
| ecological forecasting under climate change: the case of baltic cod. | good decision making for fisheries and marine ecosystems requires a capacity to anticipate the consequences of management under different scenarios of climate change. the necessary ecological forecasting calls for ecosystem-based models capable of integrating multiple drivers across trophic levels and properly including uncertainty. the methodology presented here assesses the combined impacts of climate and fishing on marine food-web dynamics and provides estimates of the confidence envelope of ... | 2010 | 20236982 |
| a new oligomeric parvalbumin allergen of atlantic cod (gad mi) encoded by a gene distinct from that of gad ci. | the major allergen of baltic cod (gadus callarias) is a 12.3-kda parvalbumin with two calcium-binding sites corresponding to ef-hand motifs. our group found a 24-kda ige-reactive band that was also recognized by a monoclonal antiparvalbumin antibody in atlantic cod (gadus morhua). our purpose was to purify and to determine the cdna deduced sequence of this new cod allergen. | 2002 | 12144561 |
| model-supported estimation of mortality rates in baltic cod (gadus morhua callarias l.) larvae: the varying impact of 'critical periods'. | changes in the survival-rate during the larval phase may strongly influence the recruitment level in marine fish species. during the larval phase different 'critical periods' are discussed, e.g. the hatching period and the first-feeding period. no such information was available for the baltic cod stock, a commercially important stock showing reproduction failure during the last years. we calculated field-based mortality rates for larval baltic cod during these phases using basin-wide abundance e ... | 2001 | 11737879 |
| fishing gear-induced skin ulcerations in baltic cod, gadus morhua l. | in 1982 a high prevalence of skin ulcerations was observed in baltic cod in the vicinity of the danish island of bornholm. in march the prevalence varied from 6 to 13%, and in may it had increased to between 26 and 48%. the ulcerations had a sequential development. the initial stage appeared as severe skin abrasions in the area from the pectoral fin posterior to the level of the anus. the skin abrasions developed into large spots of necrotic dermal tissue with a diameter of 2-5 cm. the central p ... | 1998 | 21361975 |
| spatio-temporal dynamics of a fish predator: density-dependent and hydrographic effects on baltic sea cod population. | understanding the mechanisms of spatial population dynamics is crucial for the successful management of exploited species and ecosystems. however, the underlying mechanisms of spatial distribution are generally complex due to the concurrent forcing of both density-dependent species interactions and density-independent environmental factors. despite the high economic value and central ecological importance of cod in the baltic sea, the drivers of its spatio-temporal population dynamics have not b ... | 2017 | 28207804 |
| oxygen depletion in coastal seas and the effective spawning stock biomass of an exploited fish species. | environmental conditions may have previously underappreciated effects on the reproductive processes of commercially exploited fish populations, for example eastern baltic cod, that are living at the physiological limits of their distribution. in the baltic sea, salinity affects neutral egg buoyancy, which is positively correlated with egg survival, as only water layers away from the oxygen consumption-dominated sea bottom contain sufficient oxygen. egg buoyancy is positively correlated to female ... | 2016 | 26909164 |
| climate and fishing steer ecosystem regeneration to uncertain economic futures. | overfishing of large predatory fish populations has resulted in lasting restructurings of entire marine food webs worldwide, with serious socio-economic consequences. fortunately, some degraded ecosystems show signs of recovery. a key challenge for ecosystem management is to anticipate the degree to which recovery is possible. by applying a statistical food-web model, using the baltic sea as a case study, we show that under current temperature and salinity conditions, complete recovery of this h ... | 2015 | 25694626 |
| selective fishing induces density-dependent growth. | over the last decades, views on fisheries management have oscillated between alarm and trust in management progress. the predominant policy for remedying the world fishing crisis aims at maximum sustainable yield (msy) by adjusting gear selectivity and fishing effort. here we report a case study on how striving for higher yields from the eastern baltic cod stock by increasing selectivity has become exceedingly detrimental for its productivity. although there is a successive increase in numbers o ... | 2014 | 24920387 |
| pcdd/fs and dl-pcbs intake from fish caught in polish fishing grounds in the baltic sea--characterizing the risk for consumers. | fish and fishery products are among the primary sources of dietary exposure to dioxins. it is known that some fish species caught in the baltic sea contain elevated level of those compounds. levels of dioxins and dl-pcbs in 236 baltic fish samples (including 65 salmon, 14 sea trout, 63 sprat, 63 herring, 31 cod), and 20 cod liver samples from the polish fishing grounds (the ices zones 24-27), collected in the time frame of 2006-2011 as part of polish monitoring survey have been used for risk ass ... | 2013 | 23567327 |
| analysis of dioxins, furans and dl-pcbs in food and feed samples from lithuania and estimation of human intake. | the methods, validated for determination of dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans and dioxin like-polychlorinated biphenyls were applied for investigation of food and feed matrixes. validation criteria on repeatability and reproducibility conditions comply with the requirements of european commission. validated methods were successfully applied for determination of pcdd/f and dl-pcb in fish, meat and feed using hrgc-hrms. statistical data was evaluated. one focal point of this work was to determine a ... | 2012 | 22939936 |
| epitope mapping of atlantic salmon major allergen by peptide microarray immunoassay. | ige epitope mapping of allergens reveals important information about antigen elicitors involved in allergic reactions. the peptide-based microarray immunoassay offers an advantage of scale and parallel design over previous methods of epitope mapping. it has been used to map epitopes of some food allergens but has never been used with fish allergens. | 2012 | 21894026 |
| preventing the collapse of the baltic cod stock through an ecosystem-based management approach. | worldwide a number of fish stocks have collapsed because of overfishing and climate-induced ecosystem changes. developing ecosystem-based fisheries management (ebfm) to prevent these catastrophic events in the future requires ecological models incorporating both internal food-web dynamics and external drivers such as fishing and climate. using a stochastic food-web model for a large marine ecosystem (i.e., the baltic sea) hosting a commercially important cod stock, we were able to reconstruct th ... | 2009 | 19706557 |
| anaerobic transformation of polybrominated biphenyls with the goal of identifying unknown hexabromobiphenyls in baltic cod liver. | polybrominated biphenyls (pbbs) have been introduced as flame retardants in 1970. despite decreasing application rates since the mid-1970s, pbb residues are still reported in the environment. furthermore, environmental pbb residues often do not match the pbb pattern in technical products. to get insights into the structures of environmentally-relevant pbbs, the congener patterns of technical hexabromobiphenyl (thbb), octabromobiphenyl (tobb), synthesized pbb 209 were compared to pbb residues in ... | 2008 | 17920655 |
| [aromatic chlorinated hydrocarbon residues in baltic cod liver and in canned cod liver products]. | | 1980 | 7414197 |
| extractability of muscle protein as criterion for technological evaluation of sea fish. part 1. changes of protein fraction of baltic herring and baltic cod during storage in ice. | | 1977 | 562984 |
| [change in the nitrogen content of extractive substances in the liver and gonads of baltic cod in relation to processes of ovo- and spermatogenesis]. | | 1973 | 4778013 |
| [change in the nitrogen content of extractable substances in the liver and gonads of baltic cod in relation to processes of ovo- and spermatogenesis]. | | 1973 | 4751250 |
| [vitamin d content in baltic cod liver oil]. | | 1953 | 13274524 |