| changes in circulating l-thyroxine and l-triiodothyronine of the masu salmon, oncorhynchus masou accompaning the smoltification, measured by radioimmunoassay. | serum levels of l-thyroxine (t4) and l-triiodothyronine (t3) of the masu salmon, oncorhynchus masou, were measured by radioimmunoassay during the months from march to september. serum levels of t4 and t3 varied from 0.06 to 1.44 microgram and from 0.06 to 0.35 microgram per 100 ml serum respectively, although t4 content could not be detected in some specimens. t4 levels showed a seasonal fluctuation in which a higher value was observed in april when parr-smolt transformation was proceeding. t4 l ... | 1979 | 540573 |
| detection of viral dna polymerase activity in salmon tumour tissue induced by herpes virus, oncorhynchus masou virus. | dna polymerase activities were surveyed in tumour tissue and normal tissue of cherry salmon (oncorhynchus masou). high activity of dna polymerase alpha was detected in the tumour tissue but not in the normal tissue. this indicates that the tumour cells replicate prosperously. viral dna polymerase activity was detected only in the tumour tissue, indicating that oncorhynchus masou virus (omv) dna should replicate there. dna polymerase beta activity was of same level in both tissues. this is the fi ... | 1992 | 1360761 |
| detection of salmonid herpesvirus (oncorhynchus masou virus) in fish by southern-blot technique. | to detect oncorhynchus masou virus (omv) in salmonid fish, we prepared recombinant plasmids from two distinct bamhi digests of omv dna as a probe. viral dnas could be detected two weeks earlier before the virus was isolated from asymptomatic or dead fish. using the probe, viral dnas were detected from fish reared in fish hatcheries or fish captured in a river in hokkaido. the sensitivity limit of detection was estimated to be 10 copies of viral dna per cell. | 1991 | 1650597 |
| partial restriction map of salmonid herpesvirus (oncorhynchus masou virus) dna for three restriction enzymes bamhi, ecori and xhoi. | cleavage of oncorhynchus masou virus (omv) dna with restriction endonucleases bamhi, ecori, and xhoi resulted in 28, 26 and 17 fragments, respectively. based on the molecular weights of digested fragments and those molar ratio. omv dna showed the molecular weight of about 100 x 10(6). twenty out of 28 bamhi fragments of omv dna were successfully cloned into pbr322 vector. restriction map of omv dna was constructed by blotting hybridization and double-digestion. the data suggested that terminal r ... | 1991 | 1650600 |
| comparison of different oncorhynchus masou virus (omv) strains by dna restriction endonuclease cleavage analysis. | seven strains of oncorhynchus masou virus (omv) genomes were analyzed with the restriction endonucleases bamhi, ecori, hindiii and smai. the restriction patterns of omv strain dnas were divided into four groups. restriction profiles of high passage strains (00-7812, 65th passage, and h-83, 60th passage) were different from those of low passage strains (00-7812, 8th passage, and h-83, 6th passage) when digested with bamhi, hindiii and smai. however, no difference was observed between the restrict ... | 1991 | 1659644 |
| comparison of restriction endonuclease cleavage patterns in salmonid herpesvirus dnas. | herpesvirus salmonis (h. salmonis) and seven strains of oncorhynchus masou virus (omv) were analyzed for their genomes with restriction endonucleases hindiii and psti. restriction profiles of h. salmonis were different from those of omv strains. restriction patterns of omv strain dnas were divided into four subtypes with hindiii. with psti digestion, dna restriction patterns of those strains were divided into five subtypes. obvious difference in restriction patterns was not observed among tumor ... | 1991 | 1669000 |
| distribution of the salmonid hpa 1 family in the salmonid species demonstrated by in vitro runoff transcription assay of total genomic dna: a procedure to estimate repetitive frequency and sequence divergence of a certain repetitive family with a few known sequences. | an in vitro runoff transcription assay of total genomic dna was developed. as an example of use of this assay, analysis of a highly repetitive sequence in the cherry salmon (oncorhynchus masou) is described. total genomic dna of the cherry salmon was completely digested with hpa 1, whose site is known to be in the trna-unrelated region of the cherry salmon hpa 1 family. on transcription of the digested dna in a hela cell extract, a discrete-sized rna of about 100 nucleotides, constituting 70% of ... | 1991 | 1707099 |
| immunocytochemical demonstration of salmon gnrh and chicken gnrh-ii in the brain of masu salmon, oncorhynchus masou. | we have recently developed sensitive and specific radioimmunoassays (rias) for salmon gonadotropin-releasing hormone (sgnrh) and chicken gnrh-ii (cgnrh-ii) and have measured the contents of both gnrhs in the rainbow trout brain. our results showed that contents of the two gnrhs are variable among different brain regions. therefore, in order to confirm the differential distribution of the two gnrhs by a different technique, we examined the distribution of immunoreactive sgnrh and cgnrh-ii in the ... | 1991 | 1814976 |
| the epithelial neoplasm observed in the cultured coho salmon, oncorhynchus kisutch. | the epithelial neoplasms were observed on the mouth of the cultured coho salmon, oncorhynchus kisutch. histopathologically, the tumors were formed to be proliferative epithelial cells, but no change was observed in other organs. the virus from this tumor was isolated in rtg-2 and chse-214 cells and developed the cytopathic effect which characterized to be the formation of syncytia and the migration of chromatin. this virus was neutralized with anti-oncorhynchus masou virus (omv) rabbit serum. | 1990 | 2096259 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of cdnas coding for apopolysialoglycoproteins in cherry salmon (oncorhynchus masou) eggs. | recently we have cloned the cdnas and genomic dnas for apopolysialoglycoproteins (apopsgps) of salmo gairdneri (rainbow trout) [sorimachi, h., emori, y., kawasaki, h., kitajima, k., inoue, s., suzuki, k., & inoue, y. (1988) j. biol. chem. 262, 17678-17684], and the sequence analyses have indicated that the mrnas for apopsgps vary in length and contain different numbers of identical 39-bp repeating units encoding the tridecapeptide (asp-asp-ala-thr-ser-glu-ala-ala-thr-gly-pro-ser-gly) as well as ... | 1990 | 2332421 |
| inhibitory effects of 9-beta-d-xylofuranosyladenine 5'-triphosphate on dna-dependent rna polymerase i and ii from cherry salmon (oncorhynchus masou). | in order to determine the mode of action of cytostatic 9-beta-d-xylofuranosyladenine (xylo-a), the inhibitory effects of 9-beta-d-xylofuranosyladenine 5'-triphosphate (xylo-atp) on dna-dependent rna polymerases i and ii purified from cherry salmon (oncorhynchus masou) liver nuclei were studied. this nucleotide showed strong inhibitory action on both rna polymerases i and ii. the k1 values are 14 microm for polymerase i and 5 microm for polymerase ii (km values of atp are 37 microm for polymerase ... | 1985 | 2411720 |
| serological and genetical relationships of three herpesvirus strains from salmonid fish. | serological and genetical relationships of three salmonid herpesviruses [strain h-83, oo-7812 strain of oncorhynchus masou virus (omv) and herpesvirus salmonis] were investigated. although the serological relationships of these viruses were not distinctly demonstrated by cross-neutralization test, cross enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay revealed that strain h-83 and omv appeared to be serologically more closely related to each other than to h. salmonis. strain h-83 was genetically similar to omv ... | 1989 | 2538110 |
| 1-beta-d-arabinofuranosyl-5-(e)-(4-azidostyryl)-uracil 5'-triphosphate: synthesis and utilization as a photoaffinity labeling reagent for dna polymerase alpha from cherry salmon, oncorhynchus masou. | for developing a photoaffinity labeling reagent for dna polymerase alpha, we synthesized 1-beta-d-arabinofuranosyl-5-(4-azidostyryl)-uracil 5'-triphosphate [5-(e)-(4-azidostyryl)-arautp] bearing a photoreactive aryl azido group. this compound was easily decomposed by photolysis by light above 300 nm. this analogue strongly inhibited dna polymerase alpha purified from cherry salmon, oncorhynchus masou, testes; the mode of inhibition was mixed when the enzyme reaction was carried out under room li ... | 1989 | 2735906 |
| a visceral mycosis in cultured masu salmon (oncorhynchus masou) caused by a species of ochroconis. | ochronconis sp. infection was found in masu salmon (oncorhynchus masou) with visceral mycosis in japan. the external and internal clinical signs were reddening of the anal area, swelling of the abdomen due to accumulation of ascitic fluid in the abdominal cavity and extensive swelling of the posterior kidney. many pale brown, septate hyphae were found in the kidney by direct microscopical examination; these were usually not found in the other organs of infected fish. histopathological examinatio ... | 1989 | 2915406 |
| antiviral activity of various 1-beta-d-arabinofuranosyl-e-5-halogenovinyluracils and e-5-bromovinyl-2'-deoxyuridine against salmon herpes virus, oncorhynchus masou virus (omv). | 1-beta-d-arabinofuranosyl-e-5-bromovinyluracil (bvarau), 1-beta-d-arabinofuranosyl-e-5-iodovinyluracil (ivarau), 1-beta-d-arabinofuranosyl-e-5-chlorovinyluracil (cvarau) and 1-beta-d-arabinofuranosyl-5-vinyluracil (varau) were examined for antiviral activity against salmon herpesvirus, oncorhynchus masou virus (omv) in vitro using yamame (oncorhynchus masou) kidney cells (ynk). bvarau, ivarau, cvarau and varau were highly active against omv; 50% inhibitory concentration (ic50): 0.01, 0.003, 0.00 ... | 1987 | 3034148 |
| [parasitic fauna of the cherry salmon in the maritime territory]. | 23 species of fresh water parasites were recorded from cherry salmon of which 11 species were first recorded from this host and 14 species from the maritime territory. the monogeneans tetraonchus awakurai and t. oncorhynchus are specific for this host. most strongly it is infected with parasites the intermediate hosts of which are benthic organisms. oligochaetes, larvae of amphibiotic insects and amphipods play a considerable role in the feeding of cherry salmon in fresh water. differences in th ... | 1988 | 3205578 |
| arautp-affi-gel 10: a novel affinity absorbent for the specific purification of dna polymerase alpha-primase. | for the specific purification of eukaryotic dna-dependent dna polymerase alpha, we prepared two novel affinity resins bearing 5-(e)-(4-aminostyryl) arautp as a ligand. one of them was arautp-sepharose 4b which was coupled directly with the ligand and the other was arautp-affi-gel 10 which was coupled with the ligand through a spacer. no dna polymerase alpha-primase activity from cherry salmon (oncorhynchus masou) testes was bound on the arautp-sepharose 4b in all cases examined. on the other han ... | 1988 | 3218743 |
| isolation of aeromonas salmonicida from masu salmon in the republic of korea. | the isolation and identification of the gram-negative fish pathogen, aeromonas salmonicida salmonicida, from masu salmon (oncorhynchus masou) at the yang yang salmon hatchery in the republic of korea is described. the bacterium possessed certain characteristics in common with isolates from fish in japan. it is an important cause of mortality among cultured salmonids in the republic of korea. this is the first report of this fish pathogen from the asian mainland. | 1988 | 3373645 |
| inhibitory activity of (e)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine on the salmonid herpesviruses, oncorhynchus masou virus (omv) and herpesvirus salmonis. | the highly potent and selective anti-herpesvirus agent, (e)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'deoxyuridine (bvdu), was examined for its inhibitory effect on the salmonid herpesviruses oncorhynchus masou virus (omv) and herpesvirus salmonis (h. salmonis). minimum inhibitory concentrations (mic) of bvdu for omv and h. salmonis were 1.25 and 3.0 micrograms/ml, respectively; these values were equal to or higher than those obtained for acyclovir or cytarabine. omv dna polymerase activity was reduced in a dose-depen ... | 1988 | 3374404 |
| recognition of sugar moieties on substrate analogues by dna polymerase alpha 2-primase from developing cherry salmon (oncorhynchus masou) testes. | several dctp or datp analogues, bearing an azido or amino group on 2'- or 3'-position of its sugar moiety, were examined for their inhibitory effects on dna polymerase alpha 2-primase from developing cherry salmon (oncorhynchus masou) testes, and the recognition of sugar moieties of the analogues by primase and related nucleic acid polymerases were compared. among the dctp analogues tested, 2'-azido-2',3'-dideoxy ctp inhibited primase strongly and rna polymerases i and ii to lesser extent. altho ... | 1986 | 3562261 |
| antiviral activity and its mechanism of guanine 7-n-oxide on dna and rna viruses derived from salmonid. | guanine 7-n-oxide produced by streptomyces sp. was found to inhibit in vitro the replication of herpes virus (oncorhynchus masou virus, omv), rhabdo virus (infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus, ihnv) and a bi-segmented double-strand virus (infectious pancreatic necrosis virus, ipnv) derived from salmonids with ic50 values of about 10 micrograms/ml, 20 micrograms/ml and 32 micrograms/ml, respectively. the agent was not toxic for the host cells (chinook salmon embryo, chse-214) at the ic50 conc ... | 1985 | 3841124 |
| characterization of dna polymerase induced by salmon herpesvirus, oncorhynchus masou virus. | a dna polymerase induced by oncorhynchus masou virus (omv) was isolated from cultured salmon cells infected with omv using sequential ion-exchange column chromatography steps. the properties of the omv polymerase were compared to those of human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) polymerase and polymerase alpha from cherry salmon (masu salmon, o. masou) testes. omv polymerase was clearly distinguished from the other polymerases by its optimum temperature for enzyme activity, 25 degrees c. in an investigation ... | 1986 | 3944590 |
| differential inhibitory effects of 5-substituted 1-beta-d-xylofuranosyluracil 5'-triphosphates and related nucleotides on dna-dependent rna polymerases i and ii from the cherry salmon (oncorhynchus masou). | various 5-substituted 1-beta-d-xylofuranosyluracil 5'-triphosphates (hydrogen, methyl-, ethyl-, n-propyl, n-butyl, fluoro-, chloro-, bromo-, and iodo derivatives) and some of the 3'-deoxyribofuranosyl nucleotides (3'-deoxy utp and 3'-deoxy ttp) were synthesized chemically and their inhibitory effects on dna-dependent rna polymerases i and ii of the cherry salmon (oncorhynchus masou) were studied systematically. these 3'-modified utp analogues could not be utilized as substrates in place of utp, ... | 1985 | 4066648 |
| inhibitory effects of various 3'-deoxyribonucleotides on dna polymerase alpha 2-primase from developing cherry salmon (oncorhynchus masou) testes. | dna polymerase alpha 2-primase has been purified 2750 fold from developing cherry salmon (oncorhynchus masou) testes by the following purification steps: fractional extraction, phosphocellulose (1st), ammonium sulfate fractionation, deae-cellulose, phosphocellulose (2nd), hydroxylapatite and single-stranded dna-cellulose column chromatographies. final preparation of this enzyme has a specific activity of 107,000 units/mg protein (activated salmon sperm dna as template-primer). dna primase activi ... | 1985 | 4088876 |
| studies of drug resistance and r factors in bacteria from pond-cultured salmonids. i. amago (oncorhynchus rhodurus macrostomus) and yamame (oncorhynchus masou ishikawae). | | 1972 | 4538354 |
| in vivo antiviral effect of 9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl) guanine on experimental infection of chum salmon (oncorhynchus keta) fry with oncorhynchus masou virus (omv). | the therapeutic efficacy of 9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl) guanine (acyclovir, acv) was evaluated using oncorhynchus masou virus (omv) and chum salmon fry. the fish, which were experimentally infected with omv, were treated with acv either orally or by the immersion method. daily immersion of fish into acv solution (25 microgram/ml, 30 min/day, 15 times) reduced mortality of the infected fish. oral administration of the drug (25 microgram/fish per day, 60 times) did not affect survival of the chum sa ... | 1983 | 6312875 |
| conservation of molecular structure of dna polymerase beta in vertebrates probed by tryptic peptide mapping. | dna polymerase beta's from mouse myeloma, chick embryo, and cherry salmon testis were all composed of a single polypeptide of about 40k daltons as judged by a sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of extensively purified enzyme preparations. although the enzyme from bullfrog ovary was not fully purified, its molecular weight was estimated to be the same as that of the chick enzyme by immunological detection after electrophoresis. all the enzymes tested cross-reacted immunolog ... | 1984 | 6334076 |
| inhibitory effects of 1-beta-d-arabinofuranosyl-5-styryluracil 5'-triphosphates on dna-dependent dna polymerases alpha and beta from developing cherry salmon (oncorhynchus masou) testes: on the approach to the selective affinity chromatography for dna polymerase alpha. | starting from 1-beta-d-arabinofuranosyluracil, several 5-substituted derivatives were synthesized via 5-mercuri intermediate. the resulting nucleosides were converted into their corresponding 5'-triphosphates and examined for their inhibitory effects on dna-dependent dna polymerases alpha and beta from developing cherry salmon (oncorhynchus masou) testes. the following results were obtained. all the compounds tested showed remarkable inhibitory effects on dna polymerase alpha, but lesser extent ... | 1984 | 6522296 |
| utilizations of various uridine 5'-triphosphate analogues by dna-dependent rna polymerases i and ii purified from liver nuclei of the cherry salmon (oncorhynchus masou). | various 5-substituted utps (methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, fluoro, chloro, bromo, and iodo) and sulfur-containing utp analogues (4-thio-, 2-thio-, 5-methyl-2-thio-, and 5-methyl-4-thio-) were synthesized chemically and their utilization by dna-dependent-rna polymerases i and ii of the cherry salmon (oncorhynchus masou) were studied in substitution experiments under the condition of limited rna synthesis in vitro. rna polymerase i utilized the 5-methyl-, chloro, bromo, and iodo derivatives of ... | 1984 | 6526817 |
| in vitro antiviral effect of 9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl) guanine on the fish herpesvirus, oncorhynchus masou virus (omv). | the antiviral activity of 9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl) guanine (acyclovir, acv) on the salmon herpesvirus, oncorhynchus masou virus (omv), was studied in vitro. acv showed high efficacy against the fish herpesvirus omv, herpesvirus salmonis and channel catfish virus (ccv). cytopathic effect (cpe) induced by 100 tcid50/ml of omv in rainbow trout gonad (rtg-2) cells was inhibited by 2.5 micrograms/ml of acv. acv was more effective than other compounds such as 9-beta-d-arabinofuranosyladenine (ara-a), ... | 1983 | 6625561 |
| novel form of dna polymerase alpha associated with dna primase activity of vertebrates. detection with mouse stimulating factor. | with a specific stimulating factor of mouse dna replicase for its detection, a novel form of dna polymerase alpha (dna replicase) associated with dna primase activity was partially purified from several vertebrates, i.e. the cherry salmon oncorhyncus masou, the frog xenopus laevis, the chick, and human (hela cells). activity similar to dna replicase was also partially purified from embryos of the sea urchin anthocidaris crassispina. in all vertebrates examined, two forms of dna polymerase alpha ... | 1983 | 6630221 |
| partial purification and characterization of dna-dependent rna polymerases i and ii from cherry salmon (oncorhynchus masou). | 1. dna-dependent rna polymerases i and ii were purified approx 3900- and 13,000-fold, respectively, from sonicated nuclear extract of cherry salmon (oncorhynchus masou) liver by deae-sephadex, heparin-sepharose and dna-cellulose column chromatography. 2. the purified rna polymerases exhibited a requirement for four kinds of ribonucleoside 5'-triphosphates, an exogeneous template and divalent cation. 3. the activities of rna polymerases i and ii were inhibited by actinomycin d (24 micrograms/ml) ... | 1983 | 6861471 |
| [epidemiology of diphyllobothrium latum infection in japan, with special reference to infection of cherry salmon]. | the most characteristic difference of japanese diphyllobothrium latum from those of european and canadian species is it's second intermediate host. the japanese diphyllobothrium latum take genus oncorhynchus as it's most important 2nd intermediate host and plerocercoids are always found in their fillet not in their viscera which phenomena can not be observed in the cases of the latter diphyllobothrium. from 1977 to 1982, we examined 723 cherry salmon, oncorhynchus masou which were caught in the ... | 1983 | 6876363 |
| alpha-amanitin-sensitive dna-dependent rna polymerase i from cherry salmon (oncorhynchus masou) liver nuclei. | | 1982 | 7115413 |
| utilization of 5-alkyl utps by dna-dependent rna polymerase i and ii purified from cherry salmon (onchorhynchus masou) liver. | dna dependent rna polymerase ii was purified to approximately 8300 fold from sonicated nuclear extract of cherry salmon (onchorhynchus masou) liver by the following purification steps: polyethylene glycol treatment, deae=sephadex a-25 column chromatography, heparin-sepharose column chromatography, and affinity chromatography on dna-cellulose. final preparation of this enzyme has a specific activity of 157 nmole ump incorporation into rna per mg of protein per 10 min at 25 degrees. rna polymerase ... | 1980 | 7255191 |
| inhibitory effects of 3'-modified utp analogues on dna-dependent rna polymerase i and ii purified from cherry salmon (onchorhynchus masou) liver. | various 1-beta-d-xylofuranosyl-5-substituted uracil 5'-triphosphates were synthesized and their inhibitory effects on dna-dependent rna polymerase i and ii, which were purified from cherry salmon (onchorhynchus masou) liver, were examined. the results were as follows: 1) xylo utp and xylo ttp were strongly inhibited for both rna polymerase i and ii. 2) 5-ethyl, 5-n-propyl and 5-n-butyl derivatives showed little inhibitory effect on rna polymerase i while rna polymerase ii activity was strongly a ... | 1981 | 7312639 |
| molecular cloning of a cdna encoding the prepro-salmon gonadotropin-releasing hormone of the red seabream. | complementary dna fragments encoding the prepro-salmon gonadotropin-releasing hormone ([trp7, leu8]gnrh, sgnrh) of the red seabream pagrus major were amplified from mrna of the olfactory bulbs using a reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr), and the full-length cdna was cloned from a cdna library using the pcr-amplified cdna as a probe. the cdna consisted of 442 bp, including an open reading frame of 270 bp which encoded the prepro-sgnrh (90 amino acid residues). the prepro-sgnr ... | 1994 | 7851723 |
| sequence of two eco ri fragments from salmonis herpesvirus 2 and comparison with ictalurid herpesvirus 1. | two eco ri fragments from salmonis herpesvirus 2 (oncorhynchus masou virus) have been sequenced. clone poe 150 coded for a protein homologous to orf 68 from ictalurid herpesvirus 1 (channel catfish virus). clone poe21 coded for a protein homologous with orf46 from the same virus. no homology was found with mammalian herpesviruses. | 1993 | 8379857 |
| host utilization by the salmon louse lepeophtheirus salmonis (copepoda: caligidae) in the sea of japan. | two species of salmon (masu salmon oncorhynchus masou and pink salmon o. gorbuscha) captured in the northern sea of japan during april 1990 were examined for infection by adult female salmon lice (lepeophtheirus salmonis) to assess the relative importance of each to the parasite. masu salmon had relatively low prevalence and abundance of infection and carried less than 4% of the estimated parasite population, indicating that masu salmon are utilized rarely by l. salmonis and may not be important ... | 1993 | 8437053 |
| isolation of cdnas encoding the catalytic domain of poly(adp-ribose) polymerase from xenopus laevis and cherry salmon using heterologous oligonucleotide consensus sequences. | we have isolated and sequenced cdnas encoding the catalytic domain of poly(adp-ribose) polymerase (parp) from xenopus laevis and oncorhyncus masou (cherry salmon). the cdnas were amplified by polymerase chain reaction using heterologous oligonucleotides corresponding to the conserved sequences of mammalian cdnas as primers. the deduced amino acid sequences of xenopus laevis and cherry salmon cdna showed 84.4% and 75.6% similarities to that of human parp, respectively. in both species, mrna for p ... | 1993 | 8503897 |
| synthetic nucleosides and nucleotides. xxxv. synthesis and biological evaluations of 5-fluoropyrimidine nucleosides and nucleotides of 3-deoxy-beta-d-ribofuranose and related compounds. | 1-o-acetyl-2,5-di-o-p-chlorobenzoyl-3-deoxy-d-ribofuranose (1), derived from the antibiotic cordycepin was coupled with trimethylsilylated derivatives (2a-c) of n4-propionylcytosine, n4-p-toluoyl-5-fluorocytosine and 5-fluorouracil in the presence of trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate (tms-triflate) to give fully acylated nucleosides (3a-b and 3d, respectively). selective removal of the n4-propionyl group of 3a by treatment with hydrazine hydrate gave 2',5'-di-o-p-chlorobenzoyl-3'-deoxycyt ... | 1995 | 8575037 |
| genetic relationship among three subspecies of oncorhynchus masou determined by mitochondrial dna sequence analysis. | it is generally accepted that there are 3 subspecies of oncorhynchus masou in japan, namely, masu salmon (oncorhynchus masou masou (brevoort)), amago salmon (o. masou ishikawae jordan & mcgregor), and biwa salmon (o. masou rhodurus jordan & mcgregor or o. masou subsp. kimura). since the genetic relationship of these three taxa is not well known, there has been considerable confusion over their nomenclature. we have clarified the genetic relationship among these three taxa by partially sequencing ... | 1996 | 8688811 |
| a highly repetitive sequence isolated from genomic dna of the medaka (oryzias latipes). | a highly repetitive interspersed dna sequence (mre) was isolated from the genome of medaka, oryzias latipes, and characterized. three distinct sequences of mre were cloned and compared. the conserved sequences of mre were approximately 220 bp in length. on average, one copy of mre was present in every 153 kb, and the number of copies of mre in the genome was calculated to be approximately 9800. mre constituted approximately 0.14% of the genome. mre-related sequences were not detected in carp (cy ... | 1996 | 8817927 |
| 3'-deoxyribonucleotides inhibit eukaryotic dna primase. | in order to elucidate the biological activities of cordycepin (3'-deoxyadenosine) and related 3'-deoxyribonucleosides on eukaryotic dna replication, the inhibitory effects of triphosphate derivatives of 3'-deoxyadenosine(3'-datp), 8-azido-3'-deoxyadenosine(8-n3-3'-datp), 3'-deoxyguanosine(3'-dgtp), 3'deoxyuridine(3'dutp), 5-fluoro-3'deoxyuridine(5-f-3'-dutp), 3'-deoxycytidine(3'-dctp), and 5-fluoro-3'-deoxycytidine(5-f-3'dctp) on dna primase and replicative dna polymerases alpha, delta, and epsi ... | 1996 | 8827435 |
| dna polymerase betas from liver and testes of cherry salmon, oncorhynchus masou: purification and characterization of dna polymerase betas with acidic isoelectric points. | dna polymerase betas from cherry salmon, oncorhynchus masou, liver and testes were purified to near homogeneity, and no substantial differences between the enzymes were observed. the molecular weight of both enzymes, determined by sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, was 39,000. the amino acid sequences of the n-terminus of the liver and testes enzymes were determined and compared with that of the rat enzyme. of the n-terminal 30 amino acid residues of salmon liver dna polymerase beta, 21 (70 ... | 1996 | 8907195 |
| [the thyroid gland of humpback salmon (oncorhynchus gorbuscha) fry and of humpback and cherry salmon (oncorhynchus masu) hybrids during smoltification]. | thyroid gland follicular cells were studied morphofunctionally on different stages of juvenile humpback salmon migration from the spawning sites into the sea. salmon hybrids kept in laboratory conditions in fresh and salt water were exposed to the same examination. juvenile humpback salmon fished out from the river mouth, when coming to the sea water had significant increase of follicular epithelium height and decrease of follicular diameter and amount of the deponated colloid. thyroid glands fo ... | 1995 | 8925051 |
| mitochondrial dna sequence analysis of the masu salmon--phylogeny in the genus oncorhynchus. | we determined 2162-bp sequences from the mitochondrial genome of the masu salmon oncorhynchus masou masou, chum salmon oncorhynchus keta, and atlantic salmon salmo salar by using polymerase chain reactions. these dna sequences span from the 3' region of the gene for atpase subunit 6 to the 5' region of the gene for nadh dehydrogenase subunit 4l. with the aid of the sequence data from other pacific salmonid species (thomas and beckenbach, 1989, j. mol. evol. 29: 233-245), the evolutionary distanc ... | 1997 | 9007022 |
| activation of salmon gnrh mrna expression prior to differentiation of precocious males in masu salmon. | changes in salmon gonadotropin-releasing hormone (sgnrh) mrna levels in the brain of underyearling male masu salmon, oncorhynchus masou, were investigated to clarify sgnrh participation in differentiation of precocious males. fish were immature with low gonadosomatic index (gsi < 0.100%) on april 16 and may 7. on june 11, fish were differentiated into two groups: future precocious males and immature males. fish in the former group had high gsi (0.203%) with proliferation of primary spermatocytes ... | 1997 | 9073498 |
| distinct promoter sequences of two precursor genes for salmon gonadotropin-releasing hormone in masu salmon. | two types of genes encode salmon gonadotropin-releasing hormone (sgnrh), which is thought to act on both sexual maturation and reproductive behavior, in salmonids. we characterized the two sgnrh genes (sgnrh-i and -ii) and their upstream regions in masu salmon, oncorhynchus masou, since such information is a prerequisite for molecular approaches to salmon reproduction. the two genes have similar exon-intron structures composed of four exons and three introns. sequence analyses of the two genes s ... | 1997 | 9343307 |
| binding of antibiotics to glycoproteins of the vitelline and fertilization envelopes of cherry salmon eggs. | the binding of antibiotics (gentamicin, oleandomycin and chloramphenicol) to vitelline and fertilization envelopes and their extracts was investigated by immunohistochemical and immunocytochemical techniques and immunoblot analysis using mature and artificially activated eggs of the fish oncorhynchus masou. binding of antibiotics was detected in the vitelline and fertilization envelope outermost layers, the fertilization envelope inner surface and cortical alveolus exudates, with differences in ... | 1997 | 9347357 |
| susceptibility of several species of cyprinidae and salmonidae freshwater fish to larval gnathostoma nipponicum infection. | susceptibility of five species of cyprinidae and salmonidae freshwater fish to the early third-stage larvae (eal3) and advanced third-stage larvae (adl3) of gnathostoma nipponicum infection were examined. two fish species inoculated orally with eal3 were infected, and adl3 were recovered from them with rate of 21.0% in tribolodon hakonensis and 0.5% in cyprinus carpio at 30 days postinoculation (pi). attempts to infect five fish species with adl3 were all successful. the recovery rate of adl3 wa ... | 1997 | 9409521 |
| ontogenic development of salmon gnrh and chicken gnrh-ii systems in the brain of masu salmon (oncorhynchus masou). | ontogenic development of salmon gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh) and chicken gnrh-ii systems in masu salmon (oncorhynchus masou) was examined. salmon gnrh was first detected by radioimmunoassay in the embryo on day 36 after fertilization. salmon gnrh-immunoreactive fibers were detected initially by immunocytochemistry in the vicinity of the olfactory placode of the embryo (day 36) and were distributed widely in the brain as well as in the pituitary gland of fish just after hatching (day 80) ... | 1998 | 9716732 |
| vibrio spp., the dominant flora in shrimp hatchery against some fish pathogenic viruses. | two strains of vibrio spp., nica 1030 and nica 1031, which are the dominant flora in shrimp hatcheries, were studied for antiviral activity by exposing them to the infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (ihnv) and oncorhynchus masou virus (omv) before being inoculated to the chse-214 cells. antiviral activities were exhibited as plaque reduction percentages of 98 and 92% for the nica 1030 and of 99 and 62% for the nica 1031, respectively. | 1998 | 9852624 |
| molecular cloning and evolution of transferrin cdnas in salmonids. | transferrin complementary dnas were cloned from the livers of seven species in three genera of salmonids (kokanee salmon oncorhynchus nerka, amago salmon oncorhynchus masou ishikawa, masu salmon oncorhynchus masou masou, japanese char salvelinus pluvius, brook trout salvelinus fontinalis, lake trout salvelinus namaycush, and brown trout salmo trutta) subsequent to polymerase chain reaction amplification with primers derived from conserved regions of transferrin cdna sequences. the transferrin cd ... | 1998 | 9892719 |
| human gnathostomiasis caused by gnathostoma doloresi, with particular reference to the parasitological investigation of the causative agent. | gnathostomiasis caused by gnathostoma doloresi tubangui was observed in a 46-year-old japanese man, a clerk, who resided in the fukuoka prefecture of kyushu district, in southern japan. the first symptom noted by the patient was epigastric pain, which occurred 3 days after he had consumed the raw flesh of a brook trout, oncorhynchus masou masou (brevoort), from a trout farm in neighbouring kumamoto prefecture. three days later, he developed creeping eruptions on his trunk. the eruptions spread a ... | 1998 | 9924551 |
| effects of photoperiod on salmon gnrh mrna levels in brain of castrated underyearling precocious male masu salmon. | previous studies have suggested that activation of salmon gonadotropin-releasing hormone (sgnrh)-producing neurons is induced by the combined effects of photoperiod and steroid hormones in underyearling males of the masu salmon, oncorhynchus masou. the present study further assesses the effects of photoperiod and steroid hormones on sgnrh synthetic activity and examines the changes in sgnrh mrna levels in the brains of castrated underyearling precocious male masu salmon by manipulating the photo ... | 1999 | 10375465 |
| five cases of diphyllobothrium nihonkaiense infection with discovery of plerocercoids from an infective source, oncorhynchus masou ishikawae. | five persons from 2 families residing at miyama town, mie prefecture, japan, ingested fresh raw fish oncorhynchus sp. on 9 may 1999 that was caught at owase district in mie. they all expelled diphyllobothriid cestodes 11-37 days after ingesting the fish. the parasites were morphologically identical to diphyllobothrium nihonkaiense yamane et al., 1986. five plerocercoids were detected from a portion of the fish. nucleotide sequence of a region of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit i gene of mitocho ... | 2001 | 11227909 |
| redescription of microsporidium takedai (awakura, 1974) as kabatana takedai (awakura, 1974) comb. n. | ultrastructural study of the microsporidian microsporidium takedai from the muscles of masu salmon oncorhynchus masou proved that this species can be assigned to the genus kabatana lom, dyková and tonguthai, 2000. the parasites develop within disintegrated sarcoplasm without any delimiting boundary or cyst. cylindrical multinucleate meronts proliferate by serial constrictions into uninucleate stages which repeat the process. eventually, the uninucleate stages transform into uninucleate sporonts, ... | 2001 | 11383570 |
| identification and characterization of proteases involved in specific proteolysis of vitellogenin and yolk proteins in salmonids. | a pepstatin a-sensitive enzyme involved in yolk formation was purified from the masu salmon (oncorhynchus masou) ovary using in vitro generation of yolk proteins from purified vitellogenin to assay enzymatic activity. purification of the enzyme involved precipitation of ovarian extracts by water and ammonium sulfate followed by five steps of column chromatography. after sds-page and western blotting, the purified enzyme appeared as a single approximately 42 kda band that was immunoreactive to an ... | 2002 | 11754018 |
| diphyllobothrium latum infection after eating domestic salmon flesh. | diphyllobothrium latum infection in human is not common in korea and only thirty seven cases have been reported since 1921. we report two cases of fish tapeworm infection after ingestion of raw cherry salmon (oncorhynchus masou) caught in the domestic river. among four family members who ate together raw salmon flesh six months ago, just two, mother and daughter, were infected. it is our expectation that the salmon associated tapeworm infections would be enlisted as one of the major parasitic pr ... | 2001 | 11775333 |
| occurrence of imp-gmp 5'-nucleotidase in three fish species: a comparative study on trachurus japonicus, oncorhynchus masou masou and triakis scyllium. | imp-hydrolyzing activity, which is reactive with goose anti-pig lung imp-gmp 5'-nucleotidase (ec.3.1.3.5) serum, was detected in extracts from various tissues of trachurus japonicus (a marine teleost), oncorhynchus masou masou (a freshwater teleost) and triakis scyllium (an elasmobranch). kinetic characteristics of the reactive enzymatic activity were similar to those of imp-gmp 5'-nucleotidase from mammals and birds. in all species studied, the activity was highest in the liver (4-6 micromol of ... | 2002 | 12031466 |
| redescription of raphidascaris gigi fujita, 1928 (nematoda: anisakidae), a parasite of freshwater fishes in japan. | a redescription is given of raphidascaris gigi fujita, 1928 based on newly collected specimens from the intestine of masu salmon oncorhynchus masou (brevoort) in the kinu river in japan. the species is characterised by the absence of interlabia and lateral alae, by the presence of lips without lateral membranous flanges and by numerous pre-anal and postanal papillae in the male. although the general morphology of this species resembles that of ichthyascaris spp. as defined by bruce (1990), who t ... | 2002 | 12075151 |
| purification of serum precursor proteins to vitelline envelope (choriogenins) in masu salmon, oncorhynchus masou. | three vitelline envelope-related proteins (verps), very-high-molecular-weight verp (vhverp), high-molecular-weight verp (hverp) and low-molecular-weight verp (lverp) were purified from female masu salmon serum. the apparent molecular weights of vhverp, hverp and lverp, in their native state, were 520, 88 and 54 kda, respectively, by gel-filtration chromatography. very-high-molecular-weight verp comprises two subunits, corresponding to 175 and 126 kda. on sds-page, hverp and lverp migrate at 53 a ... | 2002 | 12091106 |
| ontogenic origin of salmon gnrh neurons in the ventral telencephalon and the preoptic area in masu salmon. | during the ontogeny of masu salmon oncorhynchus masou, neurons producing the salmon type of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (sgnrh) were first detected in the olfactory epithelium of the eyed egg and, subsequently, in the brain, suggesting a migration of these cells. among sgnrh neurons distributed from the olfactory nerve (on) through the preoptic area (poa), those in the ventral telencephalon (vt) and the poa are indicated to regulate gonadotropin secretion. thus, it is of interest to know whet ... | 2002 | 12225767 |
| telomerase-inhibitory effects of sugar-modified nucleotide analogs. | telomerase is an endogenous reverse transcriptase that uses its internal rna moiety as a template for the synthesis of telomere repeats, thus maintaining telomere length. to study the susceptibility of telomerase to sugar-modified nucleotide analogs, inhibition by arabinofuranosylguanine 5'-triphosphate (aragtp), 3'-azido-2',3'-dideoxyguanosine 5'-triphosphate (azdgtp), 2',3'-dideoxy-2'-fluoroarabino-furanosylguanine 5'-triphosphate (faragtp), and their thymine counterparts was investigated. amo ... | 2002 | 12903185 |
| a novel serotype of flavobacterium psychrophilum detected using antiserum against an isolate from amago, oncorhynchus masou rhodurus jordan & gilbert, in japan. | | 2003 | 14710760 |
| disturbance of plasma melatonin profile by high dose melatonin administration inhibits testicular maturation of precocious male masu salmon. | we have previously shown that the testicular development of underyearling male masu salmon oncorhynchus masou reared under a long photoperiod was accelerated by oral melatonin treatment (0.5 mg melatonin/kg body weight/day), suggesting that melatonin mediates photoperiodic signaling. in this study, we further examined the effects of a disturbance in the plasma melatonin profile on gonadal development in underyearling male masu salmon by administering a higher dose of melatonin. fish randomly sel ... | 2004 | 14745107 |
| quantification of serum levels of precursors to vitelline envelope proteins (choriogenins) and vitellogenin in estrogen treated masu salmon, oncorhynchus masou. | previously two precursors to vitelline envelope proteins, choriogenin h (chg h) and choriogenin l (chg l), were identified in masu salmon, oncorhynchus masou, and specific antisera against these two proteins were generated in rabbits. in this study, two methods of immunoassay have been developed using these specific antibodies: single radial immunodiffusion (srid) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). non-competitive sandwich elisas for chg h and chg l were designed using digoxigenin-la ... | 2004 | 14980796 |
| salmon growth hormone receptor: molecular cloning, ligand specificity, and response to fasting. | to better understand the role of growth hormone in regulating fish growth, the cdna of growth hormone receptor (ghr) was cloned from the liver of masu salmon (oncorhynchus masou) and characterized. the masu salmon ghr (msghr) sequence revealed common features of a ghr, including a (y/f)gefs motif in the extracellular domain, a single transmembrane region, and box 1 and box 2 in the intracellular domain. however, the amino acid sequence identity was low (49%) compared to ghrs of other vertebrates ... | 2004 | 15474537 |
| [phylogenetic analyses of the family tetraonchidae (platyhelminthes: monogenea)]. | a phylogenetic reconstruction of the monogenean family tetraonchidae was carried out by methods of parsimony-based cladistics. the analysis included 20 species of tetraonchids and two out-groups (sundanonchus tomanorum and dactylogyrus amphibothrium) and was based on 34 morphofunctional characters. software paup 4.0 and winclada were used for the phylogenetic reconstructions. obtained results allow proposing a preliminary phylogenetic hypothesis of the family tetraonchidae along with the discuss ... | 2004 | 15553772 |
| molecular detection of a virus, pilchard herpesvirus, associated with epizootics in australasian pilchards sardinops sagax neopilchardus. | in 1995, and again in 1998, high mortalities of pilchards sardinops sagax neopilchardus were seen over their entire geographical range on the australian coastline. a virus with typical herpesvirus morphology was identified as the causative agent, although the source of the virus remains unknown. at the time of the mortality events, the only available diagnostic test available for the detection of the virus was electron microscopy and hence, development of a rapid diagnostic test for detection an ... | 2005 | 16465828 |
| differences in host selection of actinospores of two myxosporeans, myxobolus arcticus and thelohanellus hovorkai. | we investigated the host selection mechanism of actinospore stages of 2 myxosporeans, myxobolus arcticus and thelohanellus hovorkai, infecting masu salmon (oncorhynchus masou) and common carp (cyprinus carpio), respectively. discharge of the polar filaments and sporoplasm release by m. arcticus actinospores occurred within the first 5 min of exposure to skin mucus of masu salmon. the actinospores also reacted to the mucus of nonsusceptible fish, i.e., sockeye salmon (oncorhynchus nerka) and gold ... | 2006 | 16995388 |
| changes in hepatic gene expression related to innate immunity, growth and iron metabolism in gh-transgenic amago salmon (oncorhynchus masou) by cdna subtraction and microarray analysis, and serum lysozyme activity. | growth hormone (gh) transgenic amago salmon (oncorhynchus masou) were generated with a construct containing the sockeye salmon gh1 gene fused to the metallothionein-b (mt-b) promoter from the same species. this transgene directed significant growth enhancement with transgenic fish reaching approximately four to five times greater weight than control salmon in f(2) and f(3) generations. this drastic growth enhancement by gh transgene is well known in fish species compared with mammals, however, s ... | 2007 | 17222841 |
| a chlorophyll c2 analogue from the marine brown alga eisenia bicyclis inactivates the infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus, a fish rhabdovirus. | we screened in vitro antiviral activity against a salmonid pathogenic virus, infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (ihnv), from the extracts of a total of 342 species of marine algae collected from the japanese coastline. the anti-ihnv activity was found primarily in meoh extracts, and the extract from one marine brown alga in particular, eisenia bicyclis, showed high anti-ihnv activity. the anti-ihnv compound was isolated and purified as mc15 from the e. bicyclis extract, and the chemical str ... | 2007 | 17277903 |
| effects of a gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist on gonadotropin levels in masu salmon and sockeye salmon. | the salmon gonadotropin-releasing hormone (sgnrh) is considered to be involved in gonadal maturation via gonadotropin (gth) secretion in salmonid fishes. however, there is no direct evidence for endogenous sgnrh-stimulated gth secretion in salmonids. in this study, to clarify whether endogenous sgnrh stimulates gth secretion, we examined the effects of the mammalian gnrh (mgnrh) antagonist [ac-delta(3)-pro(1), 4fd-phe(2), d-trp(3,6)]-mgnrh on luteinizing hormone (lh) levels in 0-year-old masu sa ... | 2007 | 17654691 |
| lack of circadian regulation of in vitro melatonin release from the pineal organ of salmonid teleosts. | in many teleost species, the photoreceptive pineal organ harbors the circadian clock that regulates melatonin release in the pineal organ itself. however, the pineal organ of three salmonids (rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss, masu salmon oncorhynchus masou, and sockeye salmon oncorhynchus nerka) did not exhibit circadian rhythms in melatonin release when maintained under constant darkness (dd) in vitro, suggesting that the pineal organs of all salmonids lack the circadian regulation of melatoni ... | 2007 | 17681505 |
| genetic relationship among four subspecies of cherry salmon (oncorhynchus masou) inferred using aflp. | | 2008 | 18267370 |
| antioxidative and antimutagenic activities of 70% ethanol extract from masou salmon (oncorhynchus masou). | the masou salmon (oncorhynchus masou) is a commercially important pacific salmon species found in eastern asian countries such as korea and japan. here, the antioxidative and antimutagenic activities of a 70% ethanol extract from masou salmon (mse) caught in south korea was investigated. folin-ciocalteu's procedure was used to show the total phenol content of mse was 3.6+/-0.2 mg/g. free radical scavenging activity testing using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (dpph) radical assay system revea ... | 2008 | 18682318 |
| a novel growth hormone 1 gene-derived probe for oncorhynchus masou formosanus distinguished from the oncorhynchus subspecies. | traditional mitochondrial 16s rrna is commonly used in many species identification studies. however, it is difficult to apply to the phylogenetic studies among the oncorhynchus subspecies, which is a crucial need for management purposes for oncorhynchus masou formosanus, taiwan salmon. in this study, we have developed an improved species identification method for taiwan salmon distinguished with other oncorhynchus subspecies tested by exploiting pcr for growth hormone (gh) 1 gene. by comparing d ... | 2009 | 19162176 |
| growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor of naked carp (gymnocypris przewalskii) in lake qinghai: expression in different water environments. | here, we report the cloning and characterization of growth hormone (gh), insulin-like growth factor-i (igf-i) and igf-ii from naked carp (gymnocypris przewalskii), a native teleost fish of lake qinghai in the qinghai-tibet plateau of china. the gh of naked carp encodes for a predicted amino acid sequence showing identities of 63%, 63%, 91% and 94% with cherry salmon, rainbow trout, zebrafish and grass carp, respectively. compared to common carp and goldfish, evolutionary analysis showed that gen ... | 2009 | 19233187 |
| masou salmon (oncorhynchus masou) ethanol extract decreases 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme a reductase expression in diet-induced obese mice. | this study was designed to evaluate the hypocholesterolemic effects of masou salmon 70% ethanol extract (mse) and to determine the molecular mechanism by which mse exerts its effects in high-fat (hf) diet-induced obese mice. we hypothesize that the mse may contain abundant n-3 fatty acids, so a diet containing mse may also have hypolipidemic effects by assessing several key gene expressions in cholesterol metabolism such as the low-density lipoprotein (ldl) receptor, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl c ... | 2009 | 19285603 |
| [ultrastructural study of spermatogenesis in silversides oncorhynchus kisutch and cherry salmon o. masou (salmonidae, teleostei)]. | spermatogenesis in the silversides oncorhynchus kisutch and cherry salmon o. masou, was investigated by transmission electron microscopy. it has been shown that male germ cells of both species had no difference in dimensional and ultrastructural parameters. the characteristic feature of spermatogonia was the presence of germ determinant substance, a cytoplasmic barker of sex line cells. primary and secondary spermatocytes, as well as early spermatids were arranged in clusters consisted of synchr ... | 2009 | 20141034 |
| physiological mechanism of homing migration in pacific salmon from behavioral to molecular biological approaches. | the amazing abilities of pacific salmon to migrate long distances from the ocean to their natal streams for spawning have been investigated intensively since 1950's, but there are still many mysteries because of difficulties to follow their whole life cycle and to wait their sole reproductive timing for several years. in my laboratory, we have tried to clarify physiological mechanisms of homing migration in pacific salmon, using four anadromous pacific salmon (pink, oncorhynchus gorbuscha; chum, ... | 2011 | 20144612 |
| detection and identification of diphyllobothrium nihonkaiense plerocercoids from wild pacific salmon (oncorhynchus spp.) in japan. | we investigated the risk of diphyllobothriasis from ingestion of wild pacific salmon in japan by surveying diphyllobothrium plerocercoids in 182 salmon samples obtained from japan. the plerocercoids were not detected in chum salmon (oncorhynchus keta) (0/26), called akizake in japan, caught between september and november. however, the detection rate of plerocercoids in chum salmon, called tokishirazu in japan, caught between early april and june, was 51.1% (24/47) with an average of two plerocer ... | 2010 | 20334715 |
| population genetic structure and phylogeography of masu salmon (oncorhynchus masou masou) inferred from mitochondrial and microsatellite dna analyses. | the population genetic structure and phylogeography of masu salmon were investigated by using variation in the mitochondrial nadh dehydrogenase subunit 5 gene (nd5) and six polymorphic microsatellite loci among a total of 895 fish representing 18 populations collected from japan (9), russia (7), and korea (2) from 2000 to 2008. an analysis of nd5 nucleotide sequences revealed 22 variable sites in about 560 bp in the 5' half of the gene, which defined 20 haplotypes, including some associated with ... | 2010 | 20443684 |
| growth of flavobacterium psychrophilum in fish serum correlates with pathogenicity. | flavobacterium psychrophilum isolates, obtained from ayu, plecoglossus altivelis, three species of salmonids and two species of cyprinids in japan, were used in this study. bacteria were inoculated to serum prepared from ayu or red spotted masu trout (rsmt), oncorhynchus masou ishikawae, and incubated at 18 -¦c for 24 h. all isolates (n = 19) from ayu grew well with a 9- to 116-fold increase of cfu in ayu serum, while cfu decreased markedly in rsmt serum. in contrast, isolates (n = 17) from fish ... | 2011 | 21382051 |
| species and sex identification of formosa landlocked salmon using loop-mediated isothermal amplification. | species and sex identification are among the most important parameters for conservation management. however, it is extremely difficult to perform such identification in formosa landlocked salmon (oncorhynchus masou formosanus). both sexual dimorphism in landlocked dwarf form formosa landlocked salmon and morphological difference among cherry salmon complex are minimal. we developed a simple, rapid and noninvasive method for identifying sex and species of this critically endangered species using ... | 2011 | 21518301 |
| proteomic analysis of inviable salmonid hybrids between female masu salmon oncorhynchus masou masou and male rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss during early embryogenesis. | early embryos of inviable hybrids between female masu salmon oncorhynchus masou masou and male rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss at 9, 12, 15 and 20 days after fertilization were examined for protein expression profiles. a total of 44 proteins, mostly down-regulated products of house-keeping genes and those involved in nucleic acid metabolism or chromatin replication, were identified in hybrid embryos by mass spectrometry analysis and protein database searching. the identified down-regulated pro ... | 2011 | 21539556 |
| Modeling parr-mark pattern formation during the early development of Amago trout. | This paper studies the formation of the large dark patterns, known as parr marks, that form on the Amago trout as it grows from the early larval stages to adulthood. The Amago trout, known as Oncorhynchus masou ishikawa, exhibits stripes during the early stages of development that in turn evolve (through reorientation and peak insertion) to form zigzag spot patterns as the fish grows to adulthood. By considering a standard representation of the Turing model for biological self-organization via i ... | 2011 | 22181191 |
| cloning and sequence analyses of vasotocin and isotocin precursor cdnas in the masu salmon, oncorhynchus masou: evolution of neurohypophysial hormone precursors. | we have cloned and determined the nucleotide sequences of cdnas encoding precursors of neurohypophysial hormones, vasotocin (vt) and isotocin (it), from the hypothalamus of masu salmon, oncorhynchus masou. the deduced amino acid sequences of masu salmon vt and it precursors (provt-i and proit-i) are highly homologous to those of chum salmon provt-i and proit-i, respectively. the vt and it precursors are composed of a signal peptide, hormone and neurophysin (np), the middle portion of which is hi ... | 2005 | 1369229 |
| draft genome sequence of a clinical isolate, aeromonas hydrophila snufpc-a8, from a moribund cherry salmon (oncorhynchus masou masou). | we present the genome of a clinical isolate, aeromonas hydrophila snufpc-a8, from a moribund cherry salmon. the completed draft genome of this strain shows high sequence homology to the reference strain a. hydrophila atcc 7966 (nc008570.1) and known plasmids pasa2 and paak1 from other aeromonas species (nc004925.1 and nc019014.1). | 2013 | 23405367 |
| expression of collagenase in flavobacterium psychrophilum isolated from cold-water disease-affected ayu (plecoglossus altivelis). | the collagenase activity and the fpcol gene were examined in flavobacterium psychrophilum isolates from cold-water disease (cwd)-affected ayu, plecoglossus altivelis. collagenase expression was closely related to the accumulated mortality of cwd-affected ayu. rt-qpcr and bacterial challenge experiments showed that f. psychrophilum ayu isolate wa-1 expressed the fpcol gene more actively and was more virulent than ayu isolate wa-2. the amago (oncorhynchus masou) isolate wb-1, which possesses a pse ... | 2015 | 26327168 |
| susceptibility of amago trout, oncorhynchus masou macrostomus (günther) to an isolate of infectious salmon anaemia virus. | | 2015 | 24397741 |
| structure and developmental expression of hatching enzyme genes of the japanese eel anguilla japonica: an aspect of the evolution of fish hatching enzyme gene. | we isolated seven cdna clones from embryos of the japanese eel anguilla japonica. each deduced amino acid sequence consisted of a signal peptide, a propeptide and a mature enzyme portion belonging to the astacin protease family. a phylogenetic analysis showed that the eel enzymes resembled the high choriolytic enzyme (hce) of medaka oryzias latipes, and the hatching enzymes of the zebra fish danio rerio and masu salmon oncorhynchus masou. hatching enzymes of these teleosts belonged to the group ... | 2004 | 15014992 |
| white muscle of masu salmon, oncorhynchus masou masou, smolts possesses a strong buffering capacity due to a high level of anserine. | masu salmon, oncorhynchus masou masou, fry were fed with diets containing three different levels of protein for 18 weeks, and the levels of free amino acids and related compounds in the white muscle were compared among the dietary groups and between smolts and parr. the anserine level in the white muscle of smolts was always higher than that of parr, while histidine and glycine levels in the former were always lower than those in the latter, irrespective of dietary treatments. a mixed solution o ... | 1994 | 24198207 |
| molecular systematics of salmonidae: combined nuclear data yields a robust phylogeny. | the phylogeny of salmonid fishes has been the focus of intensive study for many years, but some of the most important relationships within this group remain unclear. we used 269 genbank sequences of mitochondrial dna (from 16 genes) and nuclear dna (from nine genes) to infer phylogenies for 30 species of salmonids. we used maximum parsimony and maximum likelihood to analyze each gene separately, the mtdna data combined, the nuclear data combined, and all of the data together. the phylogeny with ... | 2004 | 15062801 |
| photic and circadian regulations of melatonin rhythms in fishes. | photic and circadian regulations of melatonin rhythms in the pineal organ and the retina of several teleosts were studied to investigate the regulatory mechanisms of melatonin rhythms in fishes. in the eyecup preparations of the goldfish, carassius auratus, both time of day and lighting conditions affected melatonin production, with high melatonin production observed only in the dark-treated group incubated during the 'subjective' night. thus, in the goldfish retina, local photoreceptors and an ... | 2013 | 9500660 |
| changes in levels of gnrh in the brain and pituitary and gth in the pituitary in male masu salmon, oncorhynchus masou, from hatching to maturation. | levels of two types of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (salmon gnrh and chicken gnrh-ii) in the brain and pituitary, and content of gonadotropin (gthiβ and iiβ) in the pituitary were measured in male masu salmon from hatching to gonadal maturation for three years in order to clarify the involvement of gnrhs in precocious maturation.underyearling precocious males were distinguishable in summer of year 1 and were marked by an increased gsi. spermiation was observed among these individuals thereafte ... | 1993 | 24202480 |
| henneguya cartilaginis n. sp. (myxozoa: myxosporea) in the head cartilage of masu salmon oncorhynchus masou masou. | henneguya cartilaginis n. sp. (myxozoa: myxosporea) is described from wild masu salmon oncorhynchus masou masou in hokkaido, japan. h. cartilaginis n. sp. produced white cysts, up to 3mm in size, in the head of masu salmon. infected fish exhibited cranial protrusion due to the cysts. spores (11.4 × 8.6 μm) of h. cartilaginis n. sp. were egg-shaped with the posterior end more pointed and possessed two caudal appendages (34.2 μm average length). histological observations revealed that large plasmo ... | 2012 | 22664475 |