| heteroplasmy of short tandem repeats in mitochondrial dna of atlantic cod, gadus morhua. | the mitochondrial dna of the atlantic cod (gadus morhua) contains a tandem array of 40-bp repeats in the d-loop region of the molecule. variation among molecules in the copy number of these repeats results in mtdna length variation and heteroplasmy (the presence of more than one form of mtdna in an individual). in a sample of fish collected from different localities around iceland and off george's bank, each individual was heteroplasmic for two or more mtdnas ranging in repeat copy number from t ... | 1992 | 1356884 |
| gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh) in bony fish that are phylogenetically ancient: reedfish (calamoichthys calabaricus), sturgeon (acipenser transmontanus), and alligator gar (lepisosteus spatula). | three species of fish that are phylogenetically older than other members of the bony fish lineage were selected to determine if gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh) is present in their brains. brain extracts were prepared from each species and found to contain immunoreactive (ir) gnrh. to further characterize the molecular forms of gnrh in each species, the extracts were injected into a high pressure liquid chromatograph (hplc). the elution time of each gnrh-like form was compared to those of t ... | 1991 | 1778410 |
| nucleotide sequence of the apocytochrome b gene in white sturgeon mitochondrial dna. | | 1989 | 2740232 |
| sequence of trna(thr) and trna(pro) from white sturgeon (acipenser transmontanus) mitochondria. | | 1988 | 3211756 |
| growth of juvenile white sturgeon fed different purified diets. | | 1987 | 3694293 |
| parasites of white sturgeon, acipenser transmontanus, from the fraser river, british columbia. | | 1986 | 3806333 |
| the oogenotop of amphilina bipunctata (cestodaria). | amphilina bipunctata riser, 1948 were collected from the white sturgeon acipenser transmontanus from the columbia river, usa. the morphology and histochemistry of the oogenotop of amphilina as they pertain to egg formation are described. the vitelline gland granules secrete the main part of the egg shell. these shell granules are positive for basic proteins, ss groups, and there is a weak reaction for phenolase. the mehlis gland granules are positive for pas. the first-formed egg shell is positi ... | 1987 | 3809152 |
| isolation and properties of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase from a sturgeon from the caspian sea and its interaction with spin-labeled nad+ derivatives. | glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (d-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate: nad+ oxidoreductase (phosphorylating), ec 1.2.1.12) was isolated from a sturgeon, huso huso, from the caspian sea. it is closely related to the enzyme from a pacific sturgeon, acipenser transmontanus, with respect to amino acid composition, steady-state kinetics and coenzyme binding. the latter, as studied by means of a spin-labeled derivative of nad+, is negatively cooperative exhibiting a hill coefficient of 0.84 at 12 deg ... | 1981 | 6266490 |
| fundulus heteroclitus vitellogenin: the deduced primary structure of a piscine precursor to noncrystalline, liquid-phase yolk protein. | we have cloned and sequenced a cdna encoding a vitellogenin (vtg) from the mummichog, fundulus heteroclitus, an estuarine teleost. we constructed a liver cdna library against rna from estrogen-treated male mummichogs. five overlapping cdna clones totalling 5,197 bp were isolated through a combination of degenerate oligonucleotide probing of the library and pcr. the cdna sequence contains a 5,112 bp open reading frame. the predicted primary structure of the deduced 1,704-amino-acid protein is 30- ... | 1995 | 7563139 |
| analysis of the post-translational processing of alpha-msh in the pituitaries of the chondrostean fishes, acipenser transmontanus and polyodon spathula. | multiple forms of alpha-msh were isolated from the pituitaries of the white sturgeon, acipenser transmontanus, and the paddlefish, polyodon spathula, following fractionation of the pituitary extracts by reversed-phase hplc. in both species, immunoreactive forms which eluted with the same retention times as synthetic mammalian acth(1-13)nh2, monoacetylated alpha-msh, and diacetylated alpha-msh were detected. in the pituitary of the sturgeon, n-acetylated forms of alpha-msh represented 91% of the ... | 1994 | 7926625 |
| intraspecific dna sequence variation of the mitochondrial control region of white sturgeon (acipenser transmontanus). | intraspecific sequence variation in the d-loop region of mtdna in white sturgeon (acipenser transmontanus), a relict north american fish species, was examined in 27 individuals from populations of the columbia and fraser rivers. thirty-three varied nucleotide positions were present in a 462-nucleotide d-loop sequence, amplified using the polymerase chain reaction. bootstrapped neighbor-joining and maximum-parsimony trees of sequences from 19 haplotypes suggest that the two populations have recen ... | 1993 | 8487634 |
| the mechanism of gastrulation in the white sturgeon. | gastrulation in the white sturgeon, acipenser transmontanus, involves many of the same processes as in the amphibian xenopus laevis, but the timing and relative importance of these processes are altered so that they function appropriately in a different type of egg. in both species, convergence and extension result from a combination of radial and mediolateral cell intercalation. in sturgeons, where the blastopore lip forms at the equator, an early phase of thinning and extension of the animal c ... | 1993 | 8501437 |
| epitheliocystis infection in cultured white sturgeon (acipenser transmontanus): antigenic and ultrastructural similarities of the causative agent to the chlamydiae. | a mild to moderate branchial epitheliocystis infection was diagnosed in subyearling (11 months old, 250-300 g) white sturgeon (acipenser transmontanus) from a private culture facility with a 4-8% mortality in the population. infected branchial epithelial cells contained the coccoid to coccobacillary epitheliocystis organisms, which appeared as cytoplasmic inclusions composed of a fine, homogeneous, dense, basophilic, granular material. the infected cells were variably enlarged with spherical to ... | 1996 | 8744738 |
| gastrulation and mesoderm morphogenesis in the white sturgeon. | this study presents a detailed description of gastrulation in the white sturgeon, acipenser transmontanus, using scanning electron microscopy, histology, and time-lapse filming and video microscopy. this morphological analysis describes the similarity of gastrula structure in the sturgeon and the amphibian xenopus laevis, and suggests that the species share many developmental mechanisms. it also identifies important differences, such as the equatorial dorsal lip in sturgeon, and provides a basis ... | 1993 | 8501436 |
| white sturgeon tissue fatty acid compositions are affected by dietary lipids. | juvenile white sturgeon (acipenser transmontanus) were fed eight isonitrogenous and isoenergetic purified diets for 9 wk to study their ability to utilize different dietary lipids. each diet contained 15% of control oil mixture (corn oil-cold liver oil-lard, 1:1:1), corn oil, cod liver oil, lard, linseed oil, soybean oil, safflower oil or canola oil. no significant (p > 0.05) differences in percentage of body weight increase, feed efficiency or body composition were observed among sturgeon fed t ... | 1993 | 8410359 |
| neuropeptide y-immunoreactive structures in the telencephalon and diencephalon of the white sturgeon, acipenser transmontanus, with special regard to the hypothalamo-hypophyseal system. | an immunohistochemical study using a streptavidin-biotin method demonstrated the extensive distribution of neuropeptide y (npy)-like immunoreactivity in the brain of the white sturgeon, acipenser transmontanus, with the highest density in the basal telencephalon and diencephalon. two labeled cell groups were found in the telencephalon, in mediobasal and dorsocaudal locations. labeled fibers were considerably dense in the ventral area. the epithalamus displayed dense networks of varicose fibers i ... | 1994 | 8198837 |
| [the characteristics of the circadian motor activity of sturgeons and their hybrids studied by a motion picture-tv method]. | technique of slow-motion shot was used for simultaneous automatic recording of behaviour of sturgeon species acipenser nudiventris and its hybrid with white sturgeon, huso huso. the hybrids and the individuals of the paternal species were placed in two separate aquaria under the conditions of constant light. cinematographic recording was performed each hour throughout 3 days during 30 s per hour. significant differences between two kinds of sturgeons were found in the locomotor activity, traject ... | 1994 | 8023569 |
| characterization of vitellogenin from white sturgeon, acipenser transmontanus. | sturgeon are an ancient family (acipenseridae) of fishes that lie close to the divergence of fish that eventually evolved into terrestrial animals and those that evolved into modern teleost species. therefore, white sturgeon vitellogenin sequences fill a gap in the current understanding of the functional domains of this protein family. vitellogenin cdna was sequenced and used to investigate gene expression in white sturgeon, acipenser transmontanus. estrogen-induced vitellogenin mrna was detecte ... | 1995 | 7608984 |
| replication and pathogenesis of white sturgeon iridovirus (wsiv) in experimentally infected white sturgeon acipenser transmontanus juveniles and sturgeon cell lines. | characteristics of the in vitro propagation of the white sturgeon iridovirus (wsiv) were examined in 6 sturgeon cell lines. one new cell line originating from gonadal tissues (wsgo) produced up to 12-fold more wsiv [approximately 22 tcid50 (50% tissue culture infective dose) cell-1], than that of a previously established reference spleen cell line (wss-2). infected wsgo cell cultures were examined using phase microscopy, viral infectivity assay and transmission electron microscopy (tem). at 15 d ... | 1998 | 9676244 |
| liquid chromatographic determination of oxytetracycline in edible fish fillets from six species of fish. | the approved use of oxytetracycline (otc) in u.s. aquaculture is limited to specific diseases in salmonids and channel catfish. otc may also be effective in controlling diseases in other fish species important to public aquaculture, but before approved use of otc can be augmented, an analytical method for determining otc in fillet tissue from multiple species of fish will be required to support residue depletion studies. the objective of this study was to develop and validate a liquid chromatogr ... | 1998 | 9680693 |
| an egg envelope component induces the acrosome reaction in sturgeon sperm. | the acrosome reaction in acipenser transmontanus sperm can be induced by a 66,000 dalton glycoprotein that is present in layer 3 (l3) of the egg envelope and in egg water only following exposure of the eggs to fresh water. when egg water is fractionated on sepharose cl 6b, the 66,000 dalton glycoprotein-containing fractions possess acrosome reaction inducing activity. egg water may be species-specific in its ability to elicit the acrosome reaction, as demonstrated by the fact that it has no effe ... | 1985 | 3989500 |
| induction of the acrosomal reaction in sperm from the white sturgeon, acipenser transmontanus. | sperm from the white sturgeon, acipenser transmontanus possess an acrosome while the eggs possess numerous micropyles. the sperm undergo an acrosome reaction that includes exocytosis and process formation. this acrosomal reaction can be induced in freshwater with ionophore a23187, high ph, high ca++, or egg water. in addition, this event is dependent on extracellular ca++ and mg++. upon immersion of eggs in freshwater, a water-soluble jelly layer hydrates and forms a highly adhesive coating surr ... | 1986 | 3825681 |
| growth of juvenile white sturgeon (acipenser transmontanus) fed different purified diets. | two experiments were conducted to develop a purified diet suitable for studying nutritional requirements of juvenile white sturgeon (acipenser transmontanus). in the first experiment, growth and survival rates of fish fed a purified diet (spd) containing 50% casein:wheat gluten:egg white (6.2:3.0:0.8) and 8% refined soy lecithin were significantly (p less than 0.05) better than those fed a commercial nonpurified rainbow trout diet, a purified rainbow trout diet containing 50% casein:gelatin (7:3 ... | 1987 | 3559748 |
| comparative biotransformation of molinate (ordram) in the white sturgeon (acipenser transmontanus) and common carp (cyprinus carpio). | 1. juvenile white sturgeon (acipenser transmontanus) and common carp (cyprinus carpio) were exposed to 100 micrograms/l [ring-14c]molinate in a flow-through metabolism system. exposure was in three phases: acclimation (2 h), uptake (24 h), and depuration (24 h). 2. excreted metabolites were collected on a macroreticular resin, and retained metabolites were extracted from homogenized fish tissue. identification and quantification was by h.p.l.c. cochromatography (gradient conditions) and determin ... | 1988 | 3176521 |
| characterization of hepatic growth hormone binding sites in two fish species, gillichthys mirabilis (teleostei) and acipenser transmontanus (chondrostei). | to obtain information on the presence of growth hormone (gh) receptors in liver of nonmammalian vertebrates the specific binding of 125i-bovine growth hormone (bgh) to liver membranes of seven species representing the major groups was studied by radioreceptor assay. a substantial degree of specific binding was detected with sturgeon (acipenser transmontanus) liver membranes and a much lower amount was detected on hepatic membranes of gillichthys mirabilis. no significant specific binding was det ... | 1985 | 2996975 |
| ability of juvenile white sturgeon (acipenser transmontanus) to utilize different carbohydrate sources. | juvenile white sturgeon were fed isonitrogenous diets containing 27.2% glucose, fructose, maltose, sucrose, lactose, dextrin, raw corn starch or cellulose for 8 wk. growth, body composition, plasma chemistry (with the exception of glucose), and liver glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (g6pdh, ec 1.1.1.49), malic enzyme (ec 1.1.1.40) and isocitrate dehydrogenase (icdh, 1.1.1.42) activities of sturgeon were significantly (p less than 0.05) affected by the different dietary carbohydrate sources. stu ... | 1989 | 2723821 |
| growth of white sturgeon (acipenser transmontanus) following recovery from the stunted stage in a commercial farm in california, usa. | runt white sturgeon (acipenser transmontanus) develop during grow-out and are characterized by atrophied muscles and decreased growth. our first objective was to compare the growth (and body condition) of previously-runt white sturgeon after they recovered from the runt state and sturgeon that had never been runts. on 12 occasions, recovered runts and age- and size-matched controls that had never been runts were tagged and put in a tank that already contained fish of similar age and size. tagged ... | 2000 | 10718496 |
| digestive enzyme complement of white sturgeon (acipenser transmontanus). | digestive processes of 250-day-old white sturgeon were analyzed for enzyme concentrations, protein content and ph. digestion is initiated in the gastric region by secretion of acid and pepsin; however, diversity of digestive enzymes is highest in the post-gastric alimentary canal with the greatest proteolytic activity in the spiral valve. domination of the enzyme complement by proteases is consistent with this species carnivorous feeding habits. | 1986 | 2421972 |
| phylogenetic relationships of the north american sturgeons (order acipenseriformes) based on mitochondrial dna sequences. | the evolutionary relationships of the extant species within the order acipenseriformes are not well understood. nucleotide sequences of four mitochondrial genes (12s rrna, coii, trna(phe), and trna(asp) genes) in north american sturgeon and paddlefish were examined to reconstruct a phylogeny. analysis of the combined gene sequences suggests a basal placement of the paddlefish with regard to the sturgeons. nucleotide sequences of all four genes for the three scaphirhynchus species were identical. ... | 2000 | 10877940 |
| development of digestive secretions in white sturgeon juveniles (acipenser transmontanus). | development of the digestive enzyme complement corresponded with this species' carnivorous habits and a natural dietary shift at metamorphosis from larval pelagic zooplanktivory to benthic carnivory. during the first developmental stanza when the digestive tract was differentiating and the larvae were dependent on endogenous nutritional reserves, digestive enzyme concentrations were low. initiation of gastric secretion (pepsin and acid) was concomitant with onset of exogenous feeding. highest am ... | 1986 | 2420521 |
| immunocytochemical location of pituitary cells containing acth, alpha-msh, and beta-endorphin in acipenser transmontanus, lepisosteus spatula, and amia calva. | this immunocytochemical study of the pituitaries of the primitive actinopterygians, acipenser transmontanus, lepisosteus spatula, and amia calva, showed a strict delineation between the hormonal fragments of proopiomelanocorticotropin (pomc) produced by corticotropes of the pars distalis and the melanotropes of the pars intermedia. corticotropes were immunoreactive only for acth and not to either of the further degradation products, alpha-msh or beta-endorphin. melanotropes were shown to be immu ... | 1990 | 2161379 |
| length heteroplasmy of sturgeon mitochondrial dna: an illegitimate elongation model. | extensive length polymorphism and heteroplasmy (multiple forms within an individual) of the d-loop region are observed in mitochondrial dna of the white sturgeon (acipenser transmontanus). the nucleotide sequence of this region, for both a short and a long form, shows that the differences are due to variable numbers of a perfect 82-bp direct repeat. we propose a model for the replicative origin of length differences, involving a competitive equilibrium between the heavy strand and the d-loop str ... | 1990 | 1968410 |
| identification and preliminary characterization of white sturgeon (acipenser transmontanus) vitellogenin mrna. | vitellogenesis was induced in white sturgeon by administration of estrogen through silastic implants. vitellogenin mrna was identified by agarose gel electrophoresis and cell-free translation. a highly abundant 5.7-kb mrna was induced in the liver of estrogen-treated sturgeon. cell-free translation of poly(a)+ mrna showed the induction of two high-molecular-weight proteins of 180 and 120 kda. these two proteins, encoded by the 5.7-kb mrna(s), were immunoprecipitated by antiserum to serum from vi ... | 1991 | 1936922 |
| carbohydrate utilization by white sturgeon as assessed by oral administration tests. | oral carbohydrate administration tests were used to gain more insight into the ability of white sturgeon (acipenser transmontanus) to utilize different carbohydrates. nine carbohydrates in gelatin capsules were administered orally after the sturgeon were fasted for 48 h. blood was sampled at selected time intervals from 2 to 72 h thereafter. maximum plasma glucose concentration in the glucose-fed sturgeon was significantly higher (p less than 0.05) than in the maltose-fed sturgeon, which in turn ... | 1991 | 1765824 |
| gonad organochlorine concentrations and plasma steroid levels in white sturgeon (acipenser transmontanus) from the columbia river, usa. | | 2001 | 11429682 |
| evolutionary trends of neurofilament proteins in fish. | 1. neurofilament complement was studied in an early chordate (ciona intestinalis) and six fish species by immunoblot with antisera specific for each of the three mammalian nf subunits. 2. the anti-nf-h and anti-nf-m antisera were characterized as strictly specific for phosphorylated epitopes located in the carboxyterminal domain. 3. the nf-l subunit is absent in primitive chordates and appears first in fish; it can be identified on the basis of its apparent mol. wt, its reactivity with the anti- ... | 1991 | 1723670 |
| wide distribution of the skin type i collagen alpha 3 chain in bony fish. | 1. skin type i collagens were isolated from the five species of non-teleostean fish and examined with respect to their subunit chains. 2. in addition to alpha 1(i) and alpha 2(i) chains, a fish-specific chain, alpha 3(i), was previously found only in teleostean fish. the present study, however, has revealed the occurrence of alpha 3(i) in a chondrostean fish, white sturgeon. 3. the alpha 3(i) gene appears to have arisen from a duplication of the alpha 1(i) gene near the time of the adaptive radi ... | 1992 | 1617936 |
| rainbow trout mitochondrial dna: sequence and structural characteristics of the non-coding control region and flanking trna genes. | we have determined the sequence of the 1003-bp control region (also referred to as the 'displacement-loop region') and flanking trna genes in the mitochondrial dna (mtdna) of the rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss. this region has the same overall structure (i.e., trnt-trnp-control region-trnf) as in mammalian and amphibian (xenopus laevis) mitochondrial (mt)dnas. the trout control region contains apparent homologues of the conserved sequence blocks (csb) and termination-associated sequences ide ... | 1992 | 1511893 |
| carbon dioxide and ph affect sperm motility of white sturgeon (acipenser transmontanus). | maintenance of sperm at ph values less than approximately 7.5 inhibited the onset of motility when sperm were subsequently diluted with water; maintenance at ph values above approximately 8.2 was associated with maximal motility upon dilution with water. within 5 approximately min of exposure to low ph buffer (ph 6.9), there was a 50% decline in sperm motility upon dilution with water suggesting that exposure to low ph interferes with motility within a time frame that may affect fertilization. i ... | 2002 | 12177152 |
| mitochondrial dna length variation and heteroplasmy in populations of white sturgeon (acipenser transmontanus). | southern blot analysis was used to quantify the extent of mtdna d-loop length variation in two populations of white sturgeon, acipenser transmontanus. over 42% of individuals were heteroplasmic for up to six different mtdna length variants attributable to varying copy numbers of an 82-bp repeat sequence. chi-square analyses revealed that the frequencies of length genotypes and the incidence of heteroplasmy were significantly different between fraser and columbia river sturgeon populations but no ... | 1992 | 1398055 |
| inheritance of microsatellite loci in the white sturgeon (acipenser transmontanus). | nine tetramer motif (gata)n microsatellite systems were developed for use in the white sturgeon, acipenser transmontanus. we report inheritance patterns for these nine systems, which range from one possible disomic system to tetrasomy and octosomy, with some systems containing null alleles. because of the complex modes of inheritance underlying these systems and the highly duplicated nature of the genome, we propose each allele be scored as its own dominant marker, similar to aflps or rapds. the ... | 2002 | 12502251 |
| diagnosis of sturgeon iridovirus infection in farmed white sturgeon in british columbia. | | 2003 | 12715987 |
| oxygen uptake and transport during hypoxic exposure in the sturgeon acipenser transmontanus. | gill ventilation, stroke volume and frequency, %o2 utilization and oxygen uptake, and dorsal aortic blood oxygen tension, content, ph and oxygen affinity have been determined during normoxia and during a range of hypoxic exposures in the sturgeon, acipenser transmontanus. in air-equilibrated water gill ventilation was 350 ml/kg/min, % utilization was 35--40%, and oxygen uptake at 15 degrees c was 55--60 ml o2/kg/h. dorsal aortic blood po2 was 90 mm hg and blood o2 content at a normal pha of 7.84 ... | 1978 | 705079 |
| extended amino acid sequences around the active-site lysine residue of class-i fructose 1,6-bisphosphate aldolases from rabbit muscle, sturgeon muscle, trout muscle and ox liver. | 1. amino acid sequences covering the region between residues 173 and 248 [adopting the numbering system proposed by lai, nakai & chang (1974) science 183, 1204-1206] were derived for trout (salmo trutta) muscle aldolase and for ox liver aldolase. a comparable sequence was derived for residues 180-248 of sturgeon (acipenser transmontanus) muscle aldolase. the close homology with the rabbit muscle enzyme was used to align the peptides of the other aldolases from which the sequences were derived. t ... | 1979 | 534504 |
| gill ventilation in the sturgeon, acipenser transmontanus: unusual adaptations for bottom dwelling. | measurements of branchial cavity water pressures and flow patterns, arterial blood po2 and ph, and oxygen utilization and uptake have been made in undisturbed, free swimming sturgeon, acipenser transmontanus. although the jaws are degenerate and the oral apparatus is highly modified for feeding, gill ventilation is nonetheless powered by a buccal force pump and an opercular suction pump common to most bony fishes. the reduced spiracles play little or no role in gill ventilation. in sturgeon in w ... | 1978 | 30128 |
| phylogenetic analysis of the hexon and protease genes of a fish adenovirus isolated from white sturgeon (acipenser transmontanus) supports the proposal for a new adenovirus genus. | the organisation of the central part of the genome of a fish adenovirus (adv) isolated from white sturgeon (acipenser transmontanus) was studied. the putative genes identified between those of the viral dna polymerase and the pviii protein showed no significant difference in size or localisation compared to other known non-mastadenoviral genomes. the complete nucleotide sequences of the hexon and the viral protease genes and the intergenic region in the white sturgeon adenovirus (wsadv-1) were c ... | 2003 | 14609627 |
| length variation, heteroplasmy and sequence divergence in the mitochondrial dna of four species of sturgeon (acipenser). | the extent of mtdna length variation and heteroplasmy as well as dna sequences of the control region and two trna genes were determined for four north american sturgeon species: acipenser transmontanus, a. medirostris, a. fulvescens and a. oxyrhnychus. across the continental divide, a division in the occurrence of length variation and heteroplasmy was observed that was concordant with species biogeography as well as with phylogenies inferred from restriction fragment length polymorphisms (rflp) ... | 1996 | 8852850 |
| the presence of a galanin-like peptide in the gut neuroendocrine system of lampetra fluviatilis and acipenser transmontanus: an immunohistochemical study. | galanin is a brain-gut neuropeptide present in the central and peripheral nervous systems of vertebrates. in the present survey, the galaninergic and the diffuse endocrine systems of the alimentary canal of the river lamprey, lampetra fluviatilis, and the white sturgeon, acipenser transmontanus, were studied by immunohistochemistry. the results show the presence of galanin-like immunoreactive endocrine cells in the gut of l. fluviatilis. in addition, a galanin-like immunoreactivity was detected ... | 2004 | 15261748 |
| humoral immunoglobulins of the white sturgeon, acipenser transmontanus: partial characterization of and recognition with monoclonal antibodies. | white sturgeon (acipenser transmontanus) immunoglobulin (ig) was purified from serum by two methods, ion-exchange chromatography and gel filtration and precipitation of the euglobulin fraction. the purity of these immunoglobulin preparations was confirmed by gel electrophoresis. sequence analysis of the n-terminal amino acids confirmed that the purified protein was immunoglobulin. the major portion of the immunoglobulin preparation consisted of two proteins with estimated molecular weights (m.w. ... | 1996 | 8915630 |
| the effect of chronic testosterone administration on sturgeon gonadotropins in juvenile and pre-vitellogenic white sturgeon (acipenser transmontanus). | the effects of chronic exogenous testosterone treatment on the synthesis and/or secretion of two sturgeon gonadotropins (stgth i and stgth ii) were assessed in 2-year-old juvenile white sturgeon (acipenser transmontanus) surgically implanted with silastic capsules filled with 75 mg of testosterone and in previtellogenic female white sturgeon females implanted with 150 mg of testosterone. in groups of juvenile white sturgeon sacrificed 30, 60, 90, or 442 days postimplantation, pituitary concentra ... | 1997 | 9038254 |
| an action spectrum for the light-dependent inhibition of swimming behavior in newly hatched white sturgeon, acipenser transmontanus. | newly hatched white sturgeon (acipenser transmontanus) yolk-sac larvae are negatively phototactic, photokinetic and geotactic--seeking cover in the substrate during daylight hours. if cover is unavailable and the light intensity is low, they move into the water column and alternate periods of rapid, upward swimming with periods of quiescence during which they sink. in the dark they swim almost continuously. a flash of light inhibits swimming activity totally for a period dependent on the light i ... | 1998 | 9474381 |
| the diencephalon and pretectum of the white sturgeon (acipenser transmontanus): a cytoarchitectonic study. | the cytoarchitecture of the diencephalon and pretectum of the white sturgeon, acipenser transmontanus, was studied utilizing cresyl violet stained serial paraffin sections. the identified cell groups were assigned to the preoptic area, hypothalamus, thalamus and posterior tubercle, epithalamus, synencephalon and pretectum. the outlines of the diencephalic and pretectal nuclei were projected graphically onto a midsagittal section of the brain, thus providing a reconstruction of the relative posit ... | 1998 | 9587676 |
| retinal projections and retinal ganglion cell distribution patterns in a sturgeon (acipenser transmontanus), a non-teleost actinopterygian fish. | retinal projections in a sturgeon were studied by injecting biocytin or hrp into the optic nerve. the target areas are the preoptic area, thalamus, area pretectalis, nucleus of posterior commissure, optic tectum, and nuclei of the accessory optic tract. furthermore, a few labeled fibers and terminals were found in a ventrolateral area of the caudal telencephalon. all retinal projections are bilateral, although contralateral projections were more heavily labeled. retrogradely labeled neurons were ... | 1999 | 10085479 |
| tectal fiber connections in a non-teleost actinopterygian fish, the sturgeon acipenser. | tectal fiber connections were studied in members of an early branch of the actinopterygian lineage, the sturgeons acipenser transmontanus and a. schrenkii, by means of biocytin, hrp, biotinylated dextran amine, and dii tract tracing methods. the aim of this study is to elucidate the visual pathway via the optic tectum to the thalamus as a part of a series of studies on the visual pathways in sturgeons. after biocytin or biotinylated dextran amine injections to the optic tectum terminals are foun ... | 1999 | 10085480 |
| somatolactin in the white sturgeon and african lungfish and its evolutionary significance. | somatolactin (sl) is a newly characterized pituitary hormone belonging to the growth hormone-prolactin family. until now sl has been identified only in teleosts, the most highly derived ray-finned fishes. we report here the cloning of sl cdnas from two species of bony fish, the white sturgeon (acipenser transmontanus) and the african lungfish (protopterus annectens). overlapping partial cdna clones corresponding to teleost sls were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) from either single- ... | 1999 | 10208767 |
| morphological and histochemical peculiarities of the gut in the white sturgeon, acipenser transmontanus. | the gut of adult sturgeon was examined. the oesophageal mucosa contained numerous caliciform cells, synthesizing both neutral and acidic glycoconjugates, the latter of the sialylated type. the deep tunica propria-submucosa contained lobules of multilocular adipose tissue, specially abundant during the cold season. the oesophageal tunica muscularis was made up of a large sheath of striated muscle fibres, arranged orthogonally to a thin, subserous smooth muscle layer. the siphon-shaped stomach sho ... | 1999 | 10439216 |
| cloning of a second proopiomelanocortin cdna from the pituitary of the sturgeon, acipenser transmontanus. | a recent study on the pituitary of the sturgeon, acipenser transmontanus, resulted in the cloning of a cdna that codes for the prohormone, proopiomelanocortin (pomc). this cdna is designated sturgeon pomc a. subsequent analysis of the sturgeon pituitary uncovered a second distinct pomc cdna (sturgeon pomc b). in both sturgeon pomc cdnas the open reading frame is 795 nucleotides in length. however, the two sturgeon pomc cdnas differ at 26 amino acid positions in the opening frame. in addition, th ... | 1999 | 10458511 |
| mortality and recovery of runt white sturgeon (acipenser transmontanus) in a commercial farm in california, usa. | we investigated the effect of raising runt white sturgeon (acipenser transmontanus) separately from dominant fish during the initial stages of grow-out in a commercial farm. runt fish are poor-growers, have underdeveloped muscle mass, swim slowly and are more-frequently found at the top of the water column. the objective of the study was to describe the mortality and recovery rates (and their determinants) of white-sturgeon runts after separating them from dominant fish. runt white sturgeon were ... | 2000 | 10718495 |
| ultrastructural features of the gut in the white sturgeon, acipenser transmontanus. | electron-microscopic examinations of the sturgeon gut were performed. oesophageal goblet cells were abundant in the stratified epithelium. the ultrastructural features of the secretory granules of the oesophageal and intestinal goblet cells were quite similar to those of other vertebrates. lobules of multilocular adipose tissue were observed in the deep tunica propriasubmucosa of the oesophagus, in close association with vasculature and large fibre bundles of myelinated and unmyelinated axons. s ... | 2000 | 10809361 |
| cardiorespiratory responses of white sturgeon to environmental hypercapnia. | cardioventilatory variables and blood-gas, acid-base status were measured in cannulated white sturgeon (acipenser transmontanus) maintained at 19 degrees c during normocapnic and hypercapnic (pw(co(2)) approximately 20 torr) water conditions and after the injection of adrenergic analogs. hypercapnia produced significant increases in arterial pco(2), ventilatory frequency, and plasma concentration of cortisol and epinephrine, and it produced significant decreases in arterial ph and plasma concent ... | 2000 | 10938253 |
| risk factors for outbreaks of disease attributable to white sturgeon iridovirus and white sturgeon herpesvirus-2 at a commercial sturgeon farm. | to determine management, fish, and environmental risk factors for increased mortality and an increased proportion of runts for white sturgeon exposed to white sturgeon iridovirus (wsiv) and white sturgeon herpesvirus-2 (wshv-2). | 2000 | 11039553 |
| function of the heterocercal tail in white sturgeon: flow visualization during steady swimming and vertical maneuvering. | basal ray-finned fishes possess a heterocercal tail in which the dorsal lobe containing the extension of the vertebral column is longer than the ventral lobe. clarifying the function of the heterocercal tail has proved elusive because of the difficulty of measuring the direction of force produced relative to body position in the aquatic medium. we measured the direction of force produced by the heterocercal tail of the white sturgeon (acipenser transmontanus) by visualizing flow in the wake of t ... | 2000 | 11060219 |
| bioaccumulation and chronic toxicity of dietary l-selenomethionine in juvenile white sturgeon (acipenser transmontanus). | an 8-week growth trial was conducted to determine the sensitivity of white sturgeon (acipenser transmontanus) to the toxicological effects of elevated dietary selenium (se). juvenile white sturgeon were fed diets supplemented with se in the form of l-selenomethionine (semet), resulting in dietary concentrations of 0.4, 9.6, 20.5, 41.7, 89.8, and 191.1 microg se/g diet on a dry weight basis. effects of dietary semet on survival, swimming activity, growth, whole-body proximate composition, tissue ... | 2006 | 16935358 |
| monitoring the effects of storage in caviar from farmed acipenser transmontanus using chemical, sem, and nmr methods. | the effects of storage at 4 degrees c on the quantity and quality of chemical components in the caviar from farmed acipenser transmontanus have been analyzed by sem, chemical methods, and nmr and mri techniques. particular attention has been focused on the lipid components, the distribution and mobility of which were strongly affected by the storage time. mri and relaxation data indicated that lipids are endowed with two different mobility regimes, one slow (short t1) and one fast (long t1), bot ... | 2006 | 16939332 |
| stimulation of intracellular free calcium in gh3 cells by gamma3-melanocyte-stimulating hormone. involvement of a novel melanocortin receptor? | the melanocortin (mc) gamma3msh is a peptide that can be generated from the n-terminal domain of pomc and is believed to signal through the mc3 receptor. we recently showed that it induces a sustained rise in intracellular free calcium levels ([ca(2+)](i)) in a subpopulation of pituitary cells, particularly in the lactosomatotroph lineage. in the present study we report that gamma3msh and some analogs increase [ca(2+)](i) in the gh- and prl-secreting gh3 cell line and evaluate on the basis of ph ... | 2001 | 11145589 |
| gut blood flow in fish during exercise and severe hypercapnia. | this paper reviews the effects of exercise and hypercapnia on blood flow to the splanchnic circulation. brief struggling behaviours are known to decrease blood flow to the gut (gbf). likewise, prolonged swimming in unfed fish has been shown to reduce gbf in proportion to the increased oxygen uptake. therefore, the normal postprandial increase in gbf theoretically should be impaired whenever fish are active. however, indirect evidence suggests that gbf is spared to some degree when fed fish swim ... | 2001 | 11246044 |
| immunohistochemical organization of the forebrain in the white sturgeon, acipenser transmontanus. | the distribution of substance p (sp), leucine-enkephalin (lenk), serotonin (5ht), dopamine (da), and tyrosine hydroxylase (th) was examined in the forebrain of the white sturgeon in order to evaluate several anatomical hypotheses based on cytoarchitectonics, and to gain a better understanding of the evolution of the forebrain in ray-finned fishes. the subpallium of the telencephalon has the highest concentration of the neuropeptides sp and lenk, allowing the pallial-subpallial border to be easil ... | 2007 | 17299256 |
| isolation and characterization of cdna sequences of l-gulono-gamma-lactone oxidase, a key enzyme for biosynthesis of ascorbic acid, from extant primitive fish groups. | most advanced teleosts lack l-gulono-gamma-lactone oxidase (gulo), a key enzyme required for the biosynthesis of ascorbic acid. however, extant representatives of primitive species including sturgeon and many cartilaginous fishes, are exceptional in their ability to synthesize ascorbic acid de novo. in the present study, full-length gulo cdnas were isolated from white sturgeon (acipenser transmontanus) and two shark species belonging to the triakidae (triakis scyllium and mustelus manazo). the o ... | 2007 | 17317254 |
| plasma androgen correlation, erod induction, reduced condition factor, and the occurrence of organochlorine pollutants in reproductively immature white sturgeon (acipenser transmontanus) from the columbia river, usa. | white sturgeon (acipenser transmontanus) support an active fishery in the columbia river, but there is poor reproductive success within the impounded sections. the poor reproductive success has been attributed to hydroelectric development; however, water pollution could be a significant factor. white sturgeon plasma, liver, and gonad samples were collected from four columbia river locations and a california aquaculture facility. total length and weight of the fish were measured, and plasma sampl ... | 2001 | 11462142 |
| polygenic expression of somatostatin in the sturgeon acipenser transmontanus: molecular cloning and distribution of the mrnas encoding two somatostatin precursors. | the sequence of somatostatin-14 (ss1) has been strongly preserved throughout the evolution of vertebrates from agnathans to mammals. in acipenseridae (sturgeons), two isoforms of somatostatin have been characterized to date: somatostatin-14 has been identified from the gastrointestinal tract of the pallid sturgeon scaphirhynchus albus and [pro(2)]somatostatin-14 has been identified from the pituitary of the russian sturgeon acipenser gueldenstaedti. in the present study, we report the cloning of ... | 2002 | 11807842 |
| function of the heterocercal tail in sharks: quantitative wake dynamics during steady horizontal swimming and vertical maneuvering. | the function of the heterocercal tail in sharks has long been debated in the literature. previous kinematic data have supported the classical theory which proposes that the beating of the heterocercal caudal fin during steady horizontal locomotion pushes posteroventrally on the water, generating a reactive force directed anterodorsally and causing rotation around the center of mass. an alternative model suggests that the heterocercal shark tail functions to direct reaction forces through the cen ... | 2002 | 12124362 |
| [content of the main lipid components in blood serum lipoproteins of human and of various animal species]. | using precipitation method, low-density (ldl) and high-density (hdl2 and hdl3) lipoproteins were isolated from blood serum of human (donors, patients with ischemic heart) diseases--ihd, with bronchial asthma--ba, with chronic obstructive bronchitis--cob), of mammals predisposed (pig, rabbit) and resistant (rat, mink, arctic fox) to atherosclerosis, of birds (hen, pigeon), of bony fish (trout, white-fish, pike-perch, pike, bream, burbot), and of cartilaginous fish (sturgeon, white sturgeon). from ... | 2007 | 17674708 |
| ovarian steroidogenesis in white sturgeon (acipenser transmontanus) during oocyte maturation and induced ovulation. | ovarian follicles and plasma were collected from two female white sturgeon, acipenser transmontanus, injected with sturgeon pituitary homogenate followed 12h later with gnrha to induce ovulation. the oocytes of one female underwent germinal vesicle breakdown (gvbd) but ovulation did not occur in response to hormonal stimulation (female 1), while the oocytes of the other female underwent gvbd and ovulation (female 2). follicles collected 12h after the first injection to induce ovulation were incu ... | 2002 | 12409093 |
| alpha-tocopherol downregulates gulonolactone oxidase activity in sturgeon. | gulonolactone oxidase (glo) is the enzyme responsible for the last step of ascorbic acid biosynthesis. the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of dietary alpha-tocopherol and ascorbic acid on glo activity in a lower vertebrate, the white sturgeon (acipenser transmontanus). both alpha-tocopherol and ascorbic acid modulated renal glo activity. the increase of dietary levels of alpha-tocopherol and/or ascorbic acid significantly raised the liver concentrations of these two antioxidants ... | 2003 | 12726920 |
| chromosomal mapping of 18s-28s and 5s rrna genes by two-colour fluorescent in situ hybridization in six sturgeon species. | the number and distribution of the 18s-28s and 5s rrna (rdna) gene sequences were examined on mitotic chromosomes of six sturgeon species by two-colour in situ hybridization. four of the six species, huso huso, acipenser stellatus, acipenser sturio, and acipenser ruthenus, with about 120 chromosomes, showed from six to eight 18s-28s rdna signals, while 5s rdna signals were on only one chromosome pair. the two species with 250-270 chromosomes, acipenser baerii and acipenser transmontanus, showed ... | 2003 | 12834065 |
| revised phylogenetic relationships among herpesviruses isolated from sturgeons. | initial phylogenetic comparisons based on a region of the dna polymerase of seven herpes-like viruses found in sturgeons in north america and europe indicated the presence of three distinct clades. a revised phylogenetic analysis of the same viruses, based on corrected dna polymerase sequences and newly obtained sequence data from the putative atp subunit of the terminase gene, indicate only two clades. these two clades correspond to the historical designations given to these herpes-like viruses ... | 2008 | 18783130 |
| lethal and sublethal toxicity of didecyldimethylammonium chloride in early life stages of white sturgeon, acipenser transmontanus. | this study was conducted to describe the acute lethality and latent toxicity of didecyldimethylammonium chloride (ddac) on early life stages of white sturgeon (acipenser transmontanus). fish responses to 0, 10, 50, 100, 250, 500 microg/l concentrations of ddac were determined using a 96-h standard static renewal method for acute toxicity testing, with three replicates per concentration. twenty fish per replicate were tested for 3, 11, and 42-d-old larvae, and 7 fish per replicate were tested for ... | 2003 | 12959544 |
| steroidogenic acute regulatory protein in white sturgeon (acipenser transmontanus): cdna cloning, sites of expression and transcript abundance in corticosteroidogenic tissue after an acute stressor. | the white sturgeon, acipenser transmontanus, is a primitive bony fish that is recognized as an important emerging species for aquaculture. however, many aspects of its stress and reproductive physiology remain unclear. these processes are controlled by various steroid hormones. in order to investigate the regulation of steroidogenesis associated with acute stress in sturgeon, a cdna-encoding steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (star) was isolated from white sturgeon. the putative amino acid s ... | 2009 | 19245813 |
| pericardial and pericardioperitoneal canal relationships to cardiac function in the white sturgeon (acipenser transmontanus). | sturgeons are primitive bony fishes and their hearts have structural features found in other primitive fishes. sturgeons have a pericardioperitoneal canal (ppc), a one-way conduit into the peritoneum. a ppc also occurs in elasmobranchs (sharks and rays) and studies with that group demonstrate that pericardial pressure and pericardial fluid loss via the ppc affect stroke volume. a study of white sturgeon (acipenser transmontanus) heart function was conducted to test for a comparable ppc and peric ... | 2004 | 15275655 |
| pectoral fin and girdle development in the basal actinopterygians polyodon spathula and acipenser transmontanus. | the pectoral fins of acipenseriformes possess endoskeletons with elements homologous to both the fin radials of teleosts and the limb bones of tetrapods. here we present a study of pectoral fin development in the north american paddlefish, polyodon spathula, and the white sturgeon, acipenser transmontanus, which reveals that aspects of both teleost and tetrapod endoskeletal patterning mechanisms are present in acipenseriformes. those elements considered homologous to teleost radials, the propter ... | 2004 | 15376275 |
| polycystic lesions in the liver of the white sturgeon. | polycystic lesions have been reported from the kidney and liver of many different fish species and are attributed to pollution and genetic anomalies. in june 2002, eggs and milt were collected from two female and five male white sturgeon acipenser transmontanus below bonneville dam on the columbia river. fertilized eggs were hatched at the abernathy fish technology center in longview, washington, and 20,000 juveniles were raised for approximately 1 year before release into the wild. just before ... | 2009 | 19485126 |
| inactivation of listeria innocua in nisin-treated salmon (oncorhynchus keta) and sturgeon (acipenser transmontanus) caviar heated by radio frequency. | recent regulatory concerns about the presence of the pathogen listeria monocytogenes in ready-to-eat aquatic foods such as caviar has prompted the development of postpackaging pasteurization processes. however, caviar is heat labile, and conventional pasteurization processes affect the texture, color, and flavor of these foods negatively. in this study, chum salmon (oncorhynchus keta, 2.5% total salt) caviar or ikura and sturgeon (acipenser transmontanus, 3.5% total salt) caviar were inoculated ... | 2004 | 15453574 |
| distinguishing ovarian maturity of farmed white sturgeon (acipenser transmontanus) by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy: a potential tool for caviar production management. | fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ft-ir, 4000-400 cm(-1)) was applied to blood plasma of farmed white sturgeon (n = 40) to differentiate and predict the stages of ovarian maturity. spectral features of sex steroids (approximately 3000 cm(-1)) and vitellogenin (approximately 1080 cm(-1)) were identified. clear segregation of maturity stages (previtellogenesis, vitellogenesis, postvitellogenesis, and follicular atresia) was achieved using principal component analysis (pca). progression of o ... | 2010 | 20170152 |
| seasonal, interannual, and long-term variation in sport fish contamination, san francisco bay. | this study documents changes in contamination over time at seasonal, interannual, and decadal time scales for sport fish collected in san francisco bay. samples from seven fish species were prepared according to common consumption practices (muscle fillets either with or without skin) and analyzed for trace metals (mercury and selenium) and trace organochlorine contaminants (pcbs, ddts, chlordanes, and dieldrin). in 2000, sport fish samples exceeded human health screening values for mercury, pcb ... | 2005 | 15589247 |
| characterization of glutathione s-transferases in juvenile white sturgeon. | glutathione s-transferases (gsts) are a family of detoxification enzymes that catalyze the conjugation of glutathione (gsh) to electrophiles, thus preventing toxicity. this study characterized the cytosolic gst classes of juvenile white sturgeon (acipenser transmontanus) liver, using two methods of isolation. the first, which employed affinity chromatography, electrophoresis and immunoblotting against a polyclonal striped bass gst antibody, yielded two cytosolic gsts. the gsts were identified by ... | 2005 | 15670627 |
| destruction of listeria monocytogenes in sturgeon (acipenser transmontanus) caviar by a combination of nisin with chemical antimicrobials or moderate heat. | the objective of this study was to investigate the effect of nisin in combination with heat or antimicrobial chemical treatments (such as lactic acid, chlorous acid, and sodium hypochlorite) on the inhibition of listeria monocytogenes and total mesophiles in sturgeon (acipenser transmontanus) caviar. the effects of nisin (250, 500, 750, and 1,000 iu/ml), lactic acid (1, 2, and 3%), chlorous acid (134 and 268 ppm), sodium hypochlorite (150 and 300 ppm), and heat at 60 degrees c for 3 min were eva ... | 2005 | 15771175 |
| establishment, growth, cryopreservation and species of origin identification of three cell lines from white sturgeon, acipenser transmontanus. | three cell lines derived from fin (wsf), head soft tissue (wshst) and body muscle (wsbm) were established from white sturgeon (acipenser transmontanus). characterization included determination of optimal growth kinetics, karyotyping, and mitochondrial ribosomal rna (rrna) genotyping. the primary cultures of these cells were generated by the explant technique using the l-15 medium supplemented with 20% fetal bovine serum and epidermal/fibroblast growth factors. the cells grew between 15-30 degree ... | 2003 | 15801167 |
| effects of feeding on thermoregulatory behaviours and gut blood flow in white sturgeon (acipenser transmontanus) using biotelemetry in combination with standard techniques. | the effects of thermoregulatory behaviours on gut blood flow in white sturgeon acipenser transmontanus before and after feeding was studied using a blood flow biotelemetry system in combination with a temperature preference chamber. this is the first study to look at cardiovascular responses to feeding in white sturgeon, and also the first time behavioural tests in fish have been combined with recordings of cardiac output, heart rate, cardiac stroke volume and gut blood flow. the results showed ... | 2010 | 20802122 |
| toxicokinetics and biotransformation of p-nitrophenol in white sturgeon (acipenser transmontanus). | white sturgeon (acipencer transmontanus) were exposed to 7.2 microm (1.0 ppm) 14c-labeled p-nitrophenol (pnp) in brackish water for 24 h and then allowed to depurate in clean brackish water for another 24h. absorption, conditional uptake clearance, and conditional elimination rate constants were 0.08+/-0.04 h(-1), 8.1+/-3.6 ml g(-1) h(-1), and 0.46+/-0.21 h(-1), respectively. a whole-organism total concentration factor of 18.7+/-2.6 was determined from equilibrium tissue and water concentrations ... | 2006 | 15949845 |
| induction of vitellogenin mrna in juvenile chinese sturgeon (acipenser sinensis gray) treated with 17beta-estradiol and 4-nonylphenol. | it has been demonstrated that 4-nonylphenol (4-np) exerts estrogenic effects in diverse fishes. the present study investigated the effects of 4-np on chinese sturgeon (acipenser sinensis gray) vitellogenin (vtg) gene expression. by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) using degenerate primers, a 462-base pair fragment of chinese sturgeon vtg, corresponding to a 154-amino acid sequence, was amplified and sequenced. this sequence exhibited 152/154 identity to the amino acid seq ... | 2005 | 16152966 |
| evidence of detrimental effects of environmental contaminants on growth and reproductive physiology of white sturgeon in impounded areas of the columbia river. | this study sought to determine whether wild white sturgeon from the columbia river (oregon) were exhibiting signs of reproductive endocrine disruption. fish were sampled in the free-flowing portion of the river (where the population is experiencing reproductive success) and from three reservoirs behind hydroelectric dams (where fish have reduced reproductive success). all of the 18 pesticides and almost all of the 28 polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) that were analyzed in livers and gonads were d ... | 2005 | 16330346 |
| mercury concentrations in gonad, liver, and muscle of white sturgeon acipenser transmontanus in the lower columbia river. | this study determined the partitioning of total mercury in liver, gonad, and cheek muscle of white sturgeon (acipenser transmonatus) in the lower columbia river. the relationship between tissue mercury concentrations and various physiologic parameters was assessed. white sturgeon were captured in commercial fisheries in the estuary and bonneville, the dalles, and john day reservoirs. condition factor (cf), relative weight (wr), and gonadosomatic index (gsi) were determined for each fish (n = 57) ... | 2006 | 16446999 |
| using specific antisera to neutralize acth in sturgeon: a method for manipulating the interrenal response during stress. | interrenal function and the magnitude of the stress response were assessed in green sturgeon (acipenser medirostris) passively immunized with antisera directed against adrenocorticotropic hormone (acth). the nucleotide sequence encoding acth was determined using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr). we identified two isoforms of acth that differ at a single site (position 26) in the 39 aa peptide. both forms of green sturgeon acth (gsacth1-39) display 100% homology with both ... | 2006 | 16630617 |
| salinity effects on activity and expression of glutathione s-transferases in white sturgeon and chinook salmon. | this study evaluated the activity and expression of the glutathione s-transferase (gst) detoxification isoenzymes in juvenile white sturgeon (acipenser transmontanus) and chinook salmon (oncorhynchus tshawytscha) during acclimation from freshwater (2 per thousand) to estuarine (15 per thousand) salinity conditions. in white sturgeon, gst activity toward 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (cdnb) increased significantly (p = 0.005; n = 5) with elevated salinity, but not for the chinook salmon (p = 0.174; ... | 2006 | 16677913 |
| transmission of white sturgeon iridovirus in kootenai river white sturgeon acipenser transmontanus. | it is thought that white sturgeon iridovirus (wsiv) is transmitted vertically from adult white sturgeon acipenser transmontanus to progeny, and that wild adults are carriers of this virus. based on this assumption, egg disinfection trials were initiated using wild kootenai river white sturgeon. over 2 consecutive years, post-fertilized eggs were disinfected with iodine at concentrations ranging from 0 to 400 ppm. eggs were incubated and progeny were reared on either de-chlorinated municipal or k ... | 2006 | 16875389 |
| selenium absorption, distribution, and excretion in white sturgeon orally dosed with l-selenomethionine. | the usefulness of a newly developed, combined technique consisting of esophageal intubation, dorsal aortic cannulation, and urinary catheterization to deliver se orally and to monitor se uptake, accumulation, and excretion in white sturgeon (acipenser transmontanus) was explored. groups of five yearling sturgeon (1-2 kg) each were intubated with 0 (sham), 250, 500, or 1,000 microg se/kg body weight in the form of l-selenomethionine, an ecologically relevant organic form of se. selenium concentra ... | 2006 | 17022401 |
| a comparative gene index for the white sturgeon acipenser transmontanus. | sturgeons are archaic fishes phylogenetically distinct from teleosts. they represent an important niche for aquaculture, particularly for the production of caviar and high quality fillets, while many natural populations in various world areas are today threatened by extinction. knowledge of the sturgeon genome is limited, as it is the case of many other species of interest for fishery, aquaculture and conservation. sequences from non-normalized libraries of skin and spleen of the american sturge ... | 2008 | 21798149 |
| osmotic and aging effects in caviar oocytes throughout water and lipid changes assessed by 1h nmr t1 and t2 relaxation and mri. | by combining nmr relaxation spectroscopy and magnetic resonance imaging techniques, unsalted (us) and salted (s) caviar (acipenser transmontanus) oocytes were characterized over a storage period of up to 90 days. the aging and the salting effects on the two major cell constituents, water and lipids, were separately assessed. t1 and t2 decays were interpreted by assuming a two-site exchange model. at day 0, two water compartments that were not in fast exchange were identified by the t1 relaxation ... | 2007 | 17222723 |
| ultrastructure and morphology of spermatozoa in chinese sturgeon (acipenser sinensis gray 1835) using scanning and transmission electron microscopy. | the chinese sturgeon (acipenser sinensis gray 1835) is an endangered anadromous sturgeon inhabiting the yangtze river in china. in this study, the ultrastructure and morphology of spermatozoa was studied using transmission and scanning electron microscopy with a cryo-holder. the spermatozoon consisted of an elongated head with a distinct acrosome and nucleus region, a midpiece and a flagellum. the mean length of the head and midpiece, the flagellum and total length of spermatozoon were 4.48, 33. ... | 2007 | 17350087 |
| characterization of serum and mucosal antibody responses in white sturgeon (acipenser transmontanus richardson) following immunization with wsiv and a protein hapten antigen. | serum and cutaneous mucus antibodies were monitored in white sturgeon for 15 weeks following intraperitoneal immunization. ten fish were immunized (50 microg) with white sturgeon iridovirus (wsiv) or white sturgeon gonad (wsgo) tissue culture cells emulsified with or without fca. an additional group was immunized with fitc:klh+fca. fish were booster immunized at 6 weeks. fish immunized with fitc:klh+fca produced significant serum antibodies to fitc by 6 weeks and this response peaked at 12 weeks ... | 2007 | 17374493 |