| the genome segments of dprv, a commensal reovirus of the wasp diadromus pulchellus (hymenoptera). | the complete nucleotide sequences of the five double-stranded rna genome segments of the diadromus pulchellus reovirus (dprv) have been determined. they consist of 985, 1240, 1318, 1652, and 4230 bp. each segment contains at least one putative open reading frame encoding 33-, 40-, 45-, 49-, and 148-kda proteins, respectively. the proteins have no significant similarities with sequences in data banks. analysis of these segments and of two other previously published segments revealed the presence ... | 1995 | 7793063 |
| a member of the reoviridae (dprv) has a ploidy-specific genomic segment in the wasp diadromus pulchellus (hymenoptera). | wild and laboratory populations of the parasitoid wasp diadromus pulchellus are infected with a new member of the reoviridae (dprv) described in this paper. the particles of this virus possess two capsid shells (diameters: 35 and 70 nm) made up of 11 proteins. the virus is present mainly in the gut of the wasp, with smaller quantities in its venom gland. the genome of virus particles purified from haploid insects (functional males) contains 10 segments, whereas virus from diploid insects (female ... | 1994 | 7975219 |
| the cypovirus diadromus pulchellus rv-2 is sporadically associated with the endoparasitoid wasp d. pulchellus and modulates the defence mechanisms of pupae of the parasitized leek-moth, acrolepiopsis assectella. | diadromus pulchellus is a solitary endoparasitoid wasp that parasitizes the pupae of the leek-moth, acrolepiosis assectella (lepidoptera). hitherto, every individual d. pulchellus from france that has been investigated was infected by an orthoreovirus, dprv-1, and an ascovirus, dpav-4. recently, a new strain of d. pulchellus, established from a french field population, was found to be able to develop on leek-moth pupae, but lacked both dprv-1 and dpav-4. however, all these wasps were infected wi ... | 2003 | 12810874 |
| a putative dna helicase and novel oligoribonuclease in the diachasmimorpha longicaudata entomopoxvirus (dlepv). | diachasmimorpha longicaudata entomopoxvirus (dlepv) is a symbiotic entomopoxvirus (epv) of the parasitic wasp diachasmimorpha longicaudata. it has a double-stranded dna genome of 250-300 kb and is >60% a-t rich. we describe ten orfs (ri-35-1 to -10) contained within a 5.64 kb clone, ri-35, from a dlepv ecori genomic library. our goal was to identify unique motifs and compare them with others in the database, particularly those of poxviruses. two orfs (ri-35-1 and ri-35-7, respectively) encode pu ... | 2003 | 12827471 |
| identification of leek-moth and diamondback-moth frass volatiles that stimulate parasitoid,diadromus pulchellus. | acrolepiopsis assectella andplutella xylostella frass volatiles, trapped on tenax gc, were examined by capillary gas chromatography. in both moths, the same three disulfides, dimethyl, dipropyl, and methyl propyl, were the most abundant substances, but in different proportions. the synthetic disulfides elicited the same behavioral response by the parasitoid,diadromus pulchellus as frass. the plant origin of these substances is discussed. | 1989 | 24272020 |
| effects of the diadromus pulchellus ascovirus, dpav-4, on the hemocytic encapsulation response and capsule melanization of the leek-moth pupa, acrolepiopsis assectella. | dpav-4 is a symbiotic ascovirus found in natural populations of the solitary endoparasitoid wasp diadromus pulchellus. the female wasp injects this virus into the pupae of the leek-moth acrolepiopsis assectella during oviposition. the ascovirus replicates in the pupal tissues and the consequent lysis of the cells occurs synchronously with egg hatching and the development of the wasp larva. we show here that encapsulation and capsule melanization were activated when minute nylon monofilaments wer ... | 2002 | 12770103 |
| free serosal cells originating from the embryo of the wasp diadromus pulchellus in the pupal body of parasitized leek-moth, acrolepiosis assectella. are these cells teratocyte-like? | in braconid species, teratocytes are derived from a serosal cell membrane which envelops the developing parasitoid embryo. on hatching, this membrane dissociates into individual cells, the teratocytes, which then circulate in the haemolymph of the host. we describe herein such a membrane, surrounding the embryo in eggs of the ichneumonid parasitoid wasp, diadromus pulchellus. this membrane consisted of a single sheet of tightly packed cells with large 12+/-1.4 &mgr;m nuclei. these cells were rel ... | 1999 | 12770331 |
| the acrolepiopsis assectella silk cocoon: kairomonal function and chemical characterisation. | two soluble sericin-like polypeptides, b1 and b2, from leek moth (acrolepiopsis assectella) cocoons trigger host-acceptance behaviour in the parasitoid, diadromus pulchellus (proc. roy. soc. london b 269 (2002) 1879). we found that these polypeptides were particularly cysteine-rich and lost their ability to trigger host-acceptance behaviour after being denatured and purified. this suggests that inter-disulphide bonds and the secondary structure of b1 and b2 are important for their biological act ... | 2004 | 15607509 |
| native range assessment of classical biological control agents: impact of inundative releases as pre-introduction evaluation. | diadromus pulchellus wesmael (hymenoptera: ichneumonidae) is a pupal parasitoid under consideration for introduction into canada for the control of the invasive leek moth, acrolepiopsis assectella (zeller) (lepidoptera: acrolepiidae). since study of the parasitoid outside of quarantine was not permitted in canada at the time of this project, we assessed its efficacy via field trials in its native range in central europe. this was done by simulating introductory releases that would eventually tak ... | 2010 | 19814849 |
| genome analysis of heliothis virescens ascovirus 3h isolated from china. | no ascovirus isolated from china has been sequenced so far. therefore, in this study, we aimed to sequence the genome of heliothis virescens ascovirus 3h (hvav-3h) using the 454 pyrosequencing technology. the genome was found to be 190,519-bp long with a g+c content of 45.5%. we also found that it encodes 185 hypothetical open reading frames (orfs) along with at least 50 amino acids, including 181 orfs found in other ascoviruses and 4 unique orfs. gene-parity plots and phylogenetic analysis reve ... | 2017 | 28382574 |
| effects of heliothis virescens ascovirus (hvav-3e) on a novel host, crocidolomia pavonana (lepidoptera: crambidae). | ascoviruses are double-stranded dna viruses which cause fatal disease in lepidopteran host larvae. they induce a unique pathology, causing cleavage of host cells into virion-containing vesicles. with the single exception of diadromus pulchellus ascovirus, all ascoviruses have been exclusively reported from the noctuidae. to investigate whether heliothis virescens av (hvav-3e) has a broader host range at the family level, larvae of crocidolomia pavonana f. (lepidoptera: crambidae), a major pest o ... | 2008 | 18725228 |
| sequence analysis of a reovirus isolated from the winter moth operophtera brumata (lepidoptera: geometridae) and its parasitoid wasp phobocampe tempestiva (hymenoptera: ichneumonidae). | a reovirus was isolated from operophtera brumata (obrv) and its parasitoid wasp phobocampe tempestiva. each of the 10 dsrna genome segments of obrv was sequenced and shown to contain a single open reading frame (orf). conserved motifs ([+ve] 5'-aaataaa ...(g)/(t)aggtt-3') were found at the termini of each segment, with the exception of seg-6 and seg-8, where the 5' termini were 5'-aacaaa...-3'. the putative proteins encoded by each segment were compared with those of other members of the family ... | 2008 | 18405997 |
| commensal and mutualistic relationships of reoviruses with their parasitoid wasp hosts. | during evolution, certain endoparasitoid wasps have developed mechanisms to suppress the defence systems of their hosts. for this purpose, these species, all of which belong to the families ichneumonidae and braconidae, inject various kinds of virus-like particles. the most studied of these particles are classified as polydnaviruses (family polydnaviridae) which are symbiotic viruses. over the past decade, it has also been shown that several wasp species harbour reoviruses (family reoviridae), a ... | 2005 | 15749099 |
| molecular characterization of the major virion protein gene from the trichoplusia ni ascovirus. | ascoviruses (avs) belong to a family of double-stranded dna viruses that infect lepidoptera insects and cause the unique pathology of forming virion-containing vesicles in the hemolymph of infected hosts. virions of avs are large and contain more than 12 polypeptides. a gene, tnav-cp, encoding the major structural protein of the trichoplusia ni ascovirus 2a (tnav-2a) was cloned by immunoscreening an expression library with antibodies against total tnav virion proteins. tnav-cp is an intronless g ... | 2003 | 12913362 |
| characterization of repetitive dna regions and methylated dna in ascovirus genomes. | the accompanying phylogenetic study of large double-stranded dna viruses based on their delta dna polymerase genes suggests that ascoviruses (family ascoviridae:) and iridoviruses (family iridoviridae:) are closely related and may share a common ancestor. this relationship was unexpected because of marked differences between these viruses. iridoviruses produce icosahedral virions and occur broadly among vertebrates and invertebrates, whereas ascoviruses typically produce reniform or bacilliform ... | 2000 | 11086138 |
| phylogenetic position of the diadromus pulchellus ascovirus dna polymerase among viruses with large double-stranded dna genomes. | the ascoviridae: is a family of large double-stranded (ds) dna insect viruses that contains four species, the spodoptera frugiperda (sfav1), trichoplusia ni (tnav2), heliothis virescens (hvav3) and diadromus pulchellus (dpav4) ascoviruses. these are unique among insect viruses in that the primary means of transmission among their lepidopteran hosts is generally by being vectored mechanically by hymenopteran parasitoids. ascoviruses are similar in virion structure, but their relationships with th ... | 2000 | 11086137 |
| origin and identification of bacteria which produce kairomones in the frass of acrolepiopsis assectella (lep., hyponomeutoidea). | the volatiles used by the parasitoid diadromus pulchellus to find its host, the leek moth, are produced by the bacteria developing in the frass of the host larvae. the origin and the nature of these bacteria were investigated. samples were taken from healthy leeks and from infested leeks in the field, as well as from the frass of larvae reared in the laboratory either on the host plant or on an artificial diet. the various species of bacteria identified were cultured in the presence of precursor ... | 1995 | 7498448 |
| allozyme polymorphism in the parasitic hymenoptera diadromus pulchellus wsm. (ichneumonidae). | | 1978 | 710886 |
| heterochromatin condensation and evolution of unique satellite-dna families in two parasitic wasp species: diadromus pulchellus and eupelmus vuilleti (hymenoptera). | large quantities of satellite dna families (15%-25% of the genome) were found in the dna of two species of parasitic wasps, diadromus pulchellus and eupelmus vuilleti. in both species the satellite dna was found to consist wholly or largely of a single family unique to that species. several clones of each family were obtained and sequenced. palindromes in each consensus sequence suggest the formation in vivo of hairpin structures that may play a role in the mode of heterochromatin condensation i ... | 1990 | 2385173 |
| particle and genomic characteristics of a new member of the ascoviridae: diadromus pulchellus ascovirus. | a new member of the family ascoviridae, diadromus pulchellus ascovirus (dpav), has been found in the lepidopteran nymphs of acrolepiopsis assectella parasitized by the hymenopteran wasp diadromus pulchellus. virions have the standard features of the ascovirus group; each particle is about 220 nm long and 150 nm wide. they are multilayered, with two clear 7-nm-thick outer layers and one 15-nm-thick inner layer surrounding an electron-dense core (155 x 110 nm). however, the flattened rice-grain sh ... | 1997 | 9152435 |
| biological and molecular features of the relationships between diadromus pulchellus ascovirus, a parasitoid hymenopteran wasp (diadromus pulchellus) and its lepidopteran host, acrolepiopsis assectella. | the diadromus pulchellus ascovirus (dpav) has been isolated from laboratory strains of diadromus pulchellus and in natural wild populations collected from the antibes locality (southern france). the dpav genome was found in the cells of the head, thorax and abdomen of this hymenopteran wasp. dpav virions are present in the female genitalia and are transmitted to the nymphal lepidopteran host, acrolepiopsis assectella, at each oviposition of the female wasp. the presence of the dpav genome in all ... | 1997 | 9152436 |
| polypeptides of acrolepiopsis assectella cocoon (lepidoptera: yponomeutoidea): an external host-acceptance kairomone for the parasitoid diadromus pulchellus (hymenoptera: ichneumonidae). | contact kairomones are essential for host-acceptance behaviour by female parasitoids. in the solitary endoparasitoid wasp, diadromus pulchellus, this behaviour depends mainly on compound(s) in the cocoon of their host, acrolepiopsis assectella pupae. extracts of empty cocoons and polypeptides extracted from cocoons were tested in acceptance behaviour assays using cotton fibre lures bearing extracts. extractions with solvents of increasing polarity indicated that the active compounds were polar, ... | 1999 | 12770363 |
| molecular evidence for the evolution of ichnoviruses from ascoviruses by symbiogenesis. | female endoparasitic ichneumonid wasps inject virus-like particles into their caterpillar hosts to suppress immunity. these particles are classified as ichnovirus virions and resemble ascovirus virions, which are also transmitted by parasitic wasps and attack caterpillars. ascoviruses replicate dna and produce virions. polydnavirus dna consists of wasp dna replicated by the wasp from its genome, which also directs particle synthesis. structural similarities between ascovirus and ichnovirus parti ... | 2008 | 18801176 |
| the 28s ribosomal rna-encoding gene of hymenoptera: inserted sequences in the retrotransposon-rich regions. | the genomes of two parasitoid wasps, diadromus pulchellus and eupelmus vuilleti, and the honey bee, apis mellifera, contain few interspersed repeated sequences corresponding to transposons (tn). this suggests that the genomic organisation of hymenoptera could be due to the elimination of deleterious tn in haploid males. we have used restriction-fragment length polymorphism analysis to show that nondeleterious tn are present in the dna (rdna) encoding ribosomal rna of twelve species of hymenopter ... | 1992 | 1359989 |
| satellite dna transcription in diadromus pulchellus (hymenoptera). | previous studies have shown that the satellite dnas in hymenoptera account for 1-25% of the genome. they mainly correspond to a single family, or to several subfamilies having the same evolutionary origin. we have now showed that the satellite dnas in the genomes of the hymenopterans diadromus pulchellus, diadromus collaris, eupelmus vuilletti and eupelmus orientalis are transcribed in both males and females. satellite dna transcripts could only be extracted with np40/urea, indicating that they ... | 1999 | 10196733 |
| frequency and viability of diploid and haploid male offspring of mated females of solitary endoparasitoid diadromus pulchellus. | sex determination in the order hymenoptera is based on arrhenotoky, hymenopteran males are usually haploid and females diploid. males of the ichneumonidae diadromus pulchellus, solitary endoparasitoid of a acrolepiopsis assectella pupae, are normally haploid, but diploid males are present in a natural population and can be obtained in an experimental population. the future of an ovocyte laid by mated females of the solitary endoparasitoid d. pulchellus was characterised by six probabilities rela ... | 2001 | 11280047 |
| gustatory sensilla sensitive to protein kairomones trigger host acceptance by an endoparasitoid. | proteins isolated from the host cocoon of acrolepiopsis assectella (lepidoptera: yponomeutoidea) act as kairomones for host acceptance by the endoparasitoid wasp diadromus pulchellus wesmael (hymenoptera: ichneumonidae). in this study, morphological, ultrastructural and electrophysiological studies were carried out in order to identify the contact chemoreceptive sensilla on the parasitoid antennae that perceive the protein kairomones. three types of sensillum on the antennae of the females were ... | 2002 | 12350249 |