| mosquito-borne arboviruses in arctic america. | mosquito-borne arboviruses are prevalent throughout subarctic regions of canada and alaska, principally in the boreal forest extending between latitudes 53 and 66 degrees n, but they have been identified in tundra regions as far north as 70 degrees n. all mosquito-borne agents have been bunyaviruses, comprising principally the snowshoe hare subtype of california encephalitis (ce) virus, but also northway virus. mosquito vectors comprise several aedes species and culiseta inornata, all of which h ... | 1975 | 1602 |
| experimental studies on the transmission of hepatitis b by mosquitoes. | culex tarsalis and aedes aegypti mosquitoes were fed on chimpanzees carrying hepatitis b surface antigen (hbs ag) of known infectivity and pools were tested by radioimmunoassay daily for the presence of hbs ag. hbs ag continued to be detected at low levels in mosquito tissue after digestion of the blood meal. inoculation of susceptible chimpanzees with macerated pools of a. aegypti mosquitoes at two intervals after digestion of the blood meal did not produce hepatitis or serologic evidence of he ... | 1976 | 9000 |
| variations in biological properties of geographic strains of western equine encephalomyelitis virus before and after passage in culex tarsalis and culiseta melanura. | western equine encephalomyelitis (wee) virus strains from the eastern and western united states were compared using two biological markers: antigenic properties measured by cross complement fixation (cf) tests and the size of plaques produced in vero cell cultures. slight antigenic differences were discernible on a geographic basis, and all of the virus strains from the west produced significantly larger plaques than the eastern isolates. one virus strain from each region was serially passaged i ... | 1978 | 30265 |
| failure to propagate equine infectious anemia virus in mosquitoes and culicoides variipennis. | laboratory-colonized mosquitoes, culex tarsalis, aedes aegypti, culiseta inornata, and anopheles free-borni, and the biting gnat, culicoides variipennis, were exposed to equine infectious anemia virus. exposure to the virus was by intrathoracic inoculation for mosquitoes and by oral ingestion of an infective blood meal through a membrane for c variipennis. after various intervals, groups of 15 to 20 insects were homogenized and inoculated into susceptible ponies. positive immunodiffusion test r ... | 1978 | 31831 |
| cache valley virus: isolations from mosquitoes in saskatchewan, 1972-1974. | eighteen isolations of cache valley virus (bunyaviridae) were obtained from a total of 113,694 mosquitoes collected in saskatchewan during the summers of 1972 to 1974. most of the isolations were from mosquitoes collected during august. culiseta inornata, the most abundant mosquito (38% of total collected), had the highest minimum vector-infection rate (0.83 isolations per 1000 mosquitoes). the virus was also isolated from culex tarsalis and aedes vexans. it is indicated in the isolations that t ... | 1979 | 38897 |
| in vivo negative staining of the midgut continuous junction in the mosquito, culex tarsalis (diptera: culicidae). | the midguts of female mosquitoes, culex tarsalis, were examined electron microscopically during the digestion of a meal from either artificial sources (i.e., 100% serum or defibrinated rabbit blood) or vertebrate hosts. intense intercellular staining was apparent when the meal was derived from the vertebrate host or defibrinated rabbit blood; less intense staining with 100% serum. the staining was attributed to the "leakage" of a component of whole blood, presumably hemoglobin, into the intercel ... | 1979 | 43090 |
| variations in the susceptiblility of field and laboratory populations of culex tarsalis to experimental infection with western equine encephalomyelitis virus. | four field populations and four laboratory colonies of culex tarsalis from california were evaluated for their susceptibility to infection with western equine encephalomyelitis (wee) virus by intrathoracic inoculation and by feeding on pledgets soaked with a virus-blood-sucrose mixture. all mosquito strains were uniformly susceptible to infection by intrathoracic inoculation, but 50% infective doses for field and colonized strains varied as much as 1000- to 1500-fold, respectively, by pledget fe ... | 1976 | 58557 |
| endoplasmic reticular inclusions in the malpighian tubules of the mosquito, culex tarsalis. | | 1977 | 195078 |
| transmission of hog hog cholera virus by mosquitoes. | mosquitoes trapped during an epizootic of hog cholera (hc) in maryland in 1969 were prepared into 40 pools which were inoculated in pigs. hog cholera virus was confirmed in pigs inoculated with 8 of 40 pools of mosquitoes. generally, the pigs contracting hc developed chronic infections with persistent viremia that lasted 30 or more days. two pigs seemed healthy when euthatized 62 and 80 days after inoculation, yet viremia of high titer was detected in each. experimental studies were performed wi ... | 1975 | 237444 |
| correlation of culex tarsalis population indices with the incidence of st. louis encephalitis and western equine encephalomyelitis in california. | mosquito population indices from california for the period 1953-1973 were analyzed to determine their association with activity of st. louis encephalitis (sle) and western equine encephalomyelitis (wee) viruses. culex tarsalis female populations, as measured by new jersey light trap indices (lti), correlated positively with the incidence rates of encephalitis in humans, and were a reliable means of forecasting the years of highest incidence. the critical level of c. tarsalis in urban areas below ... | 1979 | 453436 |
| selection of a strain of culex tarsalis highly resistant to infection following ingestion of western equine encephalomyelitis virus. | after prolonged selection, two hybrid strains of culex tarsalis were evolved that were highly resistant to infection following ingestion of western equine encephalomyelitis virus. these strains were greater than 25,000-fold more resistant than the most susceptible parental strain when fed on viremic chicks. resistance was associated with a mesenteronal barrier since both refractory and parental strains were equally susceptible to infection by intrathoracic inoculation. susceptibility was dominan ... | 1978 | 646024 |
| prevalence and potential vectors of haemoproteus in nebraska mouring doves. | three hundred and nine mourning doves (zenaida macroura) from lancaster county, nebraska, were examined for species of haemoproteus. older doves possessed higher haemoproteus prevalences than younger doves. mean total prevalence for each dove age group was as follows: adults, 61% h. sacharovi and 83% h. maccallumi; immatures, 35% h. sacharovi and 42% h. maccallumi; and nestlings, 31% h. sacharovi and 16% h. maccallumi. yearly prevalences were less variable in mature doves than in immature and ne ... | 1975 | 806709 |
| a statistical model of the dynamics of a mosquito vector (culex tarsalis) population. | a model of the dynamics of a mosquito culex tarsalis is derived that includes the life states through which the mosquito proceeds. transition probabilities from one state (egg, larva, pupa and adult) to another are derived and they depend on the duration of stay and mortality in each state. a formula is derived for the expected number of mosquitoes alive at any time during the spring or summer. this formula depends on the number of eggs oviposited and the transition probabilities. data are used ... | 1976 | 953134 |
| relation of mosquito density to bird: mammal feeding ratios of culex tarsalis in stable traps. | stable traps, each baited with a jackrabbit and either a chicken or a pheasant, collected more than 21,000 mosquitoes in the sacramento valley, california, in 1972 and 1973. the focus of interest was the feeding behavior of culex tarsalis, a primary vector of encephalitis viruses. generally, feeding success was less and feeding rates on the jackrabbit were greater when larger numbers of mosquitoes were collected, or when a bird was exposed that was less receptive to mosquito feeding. greater fee ... | 1976 | 961987 |
| amount of western equine encephalitis virus inoculated by transmitting culex tarsalis mosquitoes. | the amount of western equine encephalitis virus inoculated by infected culex tarsalis mosquitoes is highly variable between individual mosquitoes. the majority (68 per cent) inoculate less than 100 intracerebral three-week-old mouse ld50 at time of feeding and the quanity appears unrelated to temperature or length of incubation following initial infection. | 1976 | 1025639 |
| evaluation of the epidemic potential of western equine encephalitis virus in the northeastern united states. | | 1976 | 1035448 |
| natural infections of richardson's ground squirrels with western equine encephalomyelitis virus, saskatchewan, canada, 1964-1973. | a survey (1964-1973) was conducted on naturally occurring western equine encephalomyelitis (wee) virus infections of richardson's ground squirrels (rgs) in agricultural areas of saskatchewan. the survey included both serology and virus isolation attempts on live-trapped wild squirrels. throughout the study, seropostive squirrels were found in the known enzootic regions of the province each summer. the infections rate was high (11.6% of 250) in the epidemic year of 1965 and low (less than 2% o ... | 1975 | 1148947 |
| the effects of different blood-meal sources on digestion and egg production in culex tarsalis coq. (diptera: culicidae). | | 1975 | 1238572 |
| mosquito and arbovirus ecology in southeastern california, 1986-1990. | mosquito abundance and western equine encephalomyelitis (wee) and st. louis encephalitis (sle) virus activity were monitored in five valleys in southeastern california from june 1986 through april 1990 to study virus overwintering and possible dissemination from south to north along geographically defined corridors. culex tarsalis coquillett predominated in co2 trap collections and was the only species repeatedly infected with wee and sle viruses. abundance peaked during april-may and august-oct ... | 1992 | 1352557 |
| pathologic changes in the midgut of culex tarsalis following infection with western equine encephalomyelitis virus. | midguts of two strains of the mosquito vector culex tarsalis were examined by light and electron microscopy following infection with western equine encephalomyelitis virus. infection of the highly susceptible knight's landing strain with high-titered blood meals resulted in pathologic changes in the midgut epithelium after 2-4 days of incubation; lesions included sloughing of epithelial cells into the lumen and necrosis of cells in situ. infection of knight's landing strain mosquitoes with low-t ... | 1992 | 1449210 |
| ecology of mosquitoes and st. louis encephalitis virus in the los angeles basin of california, 1987-1990. | st. louis encephalitis (sle) virus has become established in the los angeles basin of california, where it most likely is maintained by horizontal transmission among culex tarsalis coquillet and passerine birds in park-riparian habitat. viral transmission also was detected at low levels in residential habitat by the infrequent seroconversion of sentinel chickens. sle virus activity was documented in all months except march and april. cx. tarsalis was incriminated as the primary vector, based on ... | 1992 | 1495066 |
| ecological observations on the 1989 outbreak of st. louis encephalitis virus in the southern san joaquin valley of california. | temporal and spatial patterns of st. louis encephalitis (sle) virus transmission were compared at permanent study areas in the southern san joaquin valley during years with low (1988 and 1990) and elevated (1989) viral activity. during 1989 and 1990, virus appeared first at sentinel chicken flocks exhibiting low to moderate seroconversion rates at the end of the previous season. this finding, and the early season seroconversion of sentinel chickens at a marsh habitat on 5 march and 2 april 1990, ... | 1992 | 1625296 |
| manitoba virus, a new rhabdovirus isolated from culex tarsalis mosquitoes collected in manitoba, canada. | a rhabdovirus, mn 936-77, was isolated from a pool of two culex tarsalis collected on august 16, 1977, from morris, manitoba. isolate mn 936-77 was not pathogenic for suckling swiss white mice inoculated by the intracerebral route. the virus propagated in three vertebrate cell lines (vero, primary chick embryo, mouse neuroblastoma), but apparently not in aedes albopictus c6/36 cells. isolate mn 936-77 did not react by amplified enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay with 230 viruses of proven or poss ... | 1991 | 1878813 |
| comparative susceptibility of culex tarsalis, anopheles franciscanus, and culiseta inornata (diptera: culicidae) to plasmodium relictum (haemosporidia: plasmodiiae). | repeated laboratory attempts failed to infect culiseta inornata (williston) and anopheles franciscanus mccracken with plasmodium relictum as efficiently as culex tarsalis coquillett controls. of 210 an. franciscanus that imbibed a replete meal from a parasitemic canary, two were found with oocysts and none with sporozoites. of 112 cs. inornata similarly fed, seven contained oocysts and one contained sporozoites. in contrast, of 94 cx. tarsalis tested, 80 (85%) were found with oocysts, thus confi ... | 1990 | 1967655 |
| development time, oviposition activity and onset of diapause in culex tarsalis, culex restuans and culiseta inornata in southern manitoba. | development times and survival of immatures and reproductive diapause of adult females of culex tarsalis, cx. restuans and culiseta inornata were investigated from hatching to adult emergence at 15, 20 and 25 degrees c in the laboratory and at natural temperatures and photoperiods in southern manitoba. based on patterns of oviposition in artificial pools operated from mid-april to the end of september and development time of the immature stages, 3 generations of cx. tarsalis, cx. restuans and cs ... | 1990 | 1969927 |
| studies on the bioecological aspects of adult mosquitoes in the prado basin of southern california. | studies on the bionomics of adult mosquitoes were carried out in the prado basin of southern california during 1985-86. the faunal composition of mosquitoes caught by species was (in descending order) culex quinquefasciatus, cx. tarsalis, cx. erythrothorax, cx. stigmatosoma (formerly culex peus) followed by anopheles freeborni, culiseta particeps, cs. inornata and cs. incidens. the number of mosquitoes per trap night was the lowest during december through february, and the highest during august ... | 1990 | 1969928 |
| mosquito abundance and bionomics in residential communities in orange and los angeles counties, california. | mosquito abundance and bionomics were studied intensively during summer and spring at two residential communities of contrasting economic status. culex quinquefasciatus was the most abundant adult and immature mosquito collected in both communities, followed by culiseta incidens, culex stigmatosoma, and culex tarsalis. cx. stigmatosoma and cx. tarsalis were more abundant in co2 traps hung in tree canopy than at ground level and fed most frequently on birds. cx. quinquefasciatus was abundant in b ... | 1990 | 1970608 |
| oviposition behavior of natural populations of culex tarsalis and culex restuans (diptera: culicidae) in artificial pools. | natural populations of culex restuans theobald and cx. tarsalis coquillett in manitoba, canada, preferred to oviposit in artificial pools (ovipools) where lawn sod used as an attractant was renewed regularly during the season. the sod medium was unattractive to most cx. restuans after three weeks in the spring, after one week in midsummer, and after two weeks in autumn; it was unattractive to most cx. tarsalis after three weeks. cx. restuans was the first culex spp. to oviposit each spring, and ... | 1990 | 2093768 |
| temporal variations in the susceptibility of a semi-isolated population of culex tarsalis to peroral infection with western equine encephalomyelitis and st. louis encephalitis viruses. | a semi-isolated population of culex tarsalis in kern county, ca was found to vary significantly in its seasonal and yearly susceptibility to peroral infection with western equine encephalomyelitis (wee) and st. louis encephalitis (sle) viruses during the breeding seasons of 1975-1981. female cohorts of the population were significantly more resistant to wee virus from 1975 through 1977 than from 1978 through 1981. on the average, females were 40 times more susceptible to wee virus during may tha ... | 1990 | 2160200 |
| diel changes in adult mosquito microhabitat temperatures and their relationship to the extrinsic incubation of arboviruses in mosquitoes in kern county, california. | microhabitat temperatures experienced by nocturnally active culex tarsalis coquillett mosquitoes were measured in the southern san joaquin valley of california. temperatures of the diurnal resting shelter and nocturnal activity air space were measured by digital recorder at three cx. tarsalis habitats in kern county. temperatures measured by digital recorders agreed well with temperatures recorded concurrently at nearby california irrigation management and inspection system weather stations. mon ... | 1990 | 2167374 |
| mosquito bionomics and the lack of arbovirus activity in the chino area of san bernardino county, california. | mosquito bionomics, including temporal abundance, metabolic status, and blood-feeding patterns, and arbovirus activity were studied at representative dairy and residential habitats in chino, calif., during 1987 and 1988. host-seeking culex tarsalis coquillett and cx. quinquefasciatus say females were more abundant and appeared earlier each season at traps near dairy breeding sources than at traps in residential areas, whereas cx. stigmatosoma dyar, which also breeds in dairy effluent, was most a ... | 1990 | 2231618 |
| persistence of mosquito-borne viruses in kern county, california, 1983-1988. | the persistence of arboviruses was studied from 1983 to 1988 in mixed agriculture, marsh, riparian, and foothill habitats in kern county, ca. western equine encephalomyelitis (wee) virus was isolated frequently during 1983 from culex tarsalis and aedes melanimon and was detected by the seroconversion of sentinel chickens. wee virus then disappeared, even though vector competence studies during 1984-1986 showed that cx. tarsalis was able to transmit wee virus. st. louis encephalitis (sle) virus w ... | 1990 | 2240370 |
| effect of the anesthetizing agent triethylamine on western equine encephalomyelitis and st. louis encephalitis viral titers in mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae). | triethylamine (tea) is a chemical compound that provides an effective means to anesthetize mosquitoes. the mosquitoes remain alive but are incapacitated for several hours; they do not recover following treatment. there was no effect on the titers of infectious virus recovered from western equine encephalomyelitis or st. louis encephalitis virus-infected culex tarsalis coquillett and aedes dorsalis (meigen) that were anesthetized with tea prior to storage at -70 degrees c. furthermore, tea had no ... | 1990 | 2280383 |
| binding of western equine encephalomyelitis virus to brush border fragments isolated from mesenteronal epithelial cells of mosquitoes. | brush border fragments (bbf) were isolated from mesenteronal epithelial cells of mosquitoes that are either susceptible (ws culex tarsalis) or refractory (wr cx. tarsalis; culex pipiens) to peroral infection by western equine encephalomyelitis (wee) virus. the isolated bbf were combined with radiolabeled wee virus in a binding assay to compare the amount of virus bound by bbf from susceptible and refractory mosquitoes. bbf and wee virus were mixed in a microcentrifuge tube, incubated for 1 h and ... | 1990 | 2291333 |
| attractiveness of selected oviposition substrates for gravid culex tarsalis and culex quinquefasciatus in california. | eight potential oviposition attractants were evaluated for gravid culex tarsalis and cx. quinquefasciatus under insectary, outdoor cage and field conditions. with the possible exception of a steer manure infusion under insectary conditions, none of the media consistently attracted large numbers of gravid cx. tarsalis females. reiter medium, steer manure infusion, cattle feces and bermuda sod were attractive to gravid cx. quinquefasciatus. catch size at cdc gravid traps and oviposition traps were ... | 1990 | 2370531 |
| studies on the seasonality of culiseta inornata in kern county, california. | the seasonal abundance of adult culiseta inornata was markedly bimodal in the san joaquin valley of kern county, california, with minima observed during both summer and midwinter. larvae were abundant in most surface water habitats during winter, but could not be found during summer. the occasional collection of females during summer indicated the persistence of an adult population. the midwinter decrease in adult abundance was attributed to the progressive mortality of the autumnal cohort and d ... | 1989 | 2568394 |
| factors influencing ingestion of particulate materials by mosquito larvae (diptera: culicidae). | relative ingestion rates of mosquito larvae, as indicated by the number of substrate-filled gut segments per unit time, were determined for culex tarsalis coquillett, aedes aetypti l., and anopheles albimanus wiedemann. among the three species, ae. aegypti larvae were the most rapid feeders. f50 (median time for complete repletion of 50% of the larvae) was 61, 42, and 100 min for the three species feeding on a wheat flour suspension, respectively. food particles with nutritive values (dried yeas ... | 1989 | 2724318 |
| surveillance of st. louis encephalitis virus vectors in grand junction, colorado, in 1987. | grand junction, colorado, was the site of a st. louis encephalitis (sle) outbreak in 1985. epidemiologic and ecologic investigations in 1985 and 1986 suggested that culex tarsalis may not have been the exclusive vector in the outbreak and that cx. pipiens may have contributed to transmission as an accessory vector. a limited field study in 1987 generally confirmed observations from 1986 that cx. pipiens was more abundant than cx. tarsalis in late summer when sle virus transmission normally occur ... | 1989 | 2746202 |
| characterization of the mesenteronal infection with western equine encephalomyelitis virus in an incompetent strain of culex tarsalis. | interactions of western equine encephalomyelitis (wee) virus are compared with mesenterons of 2 genetically selected susceptible (ws) and refractory (wr) lines of culex tarsalis. both ws and wr females had similar susceptibility when parenterally inoculated with virus, thus it was initially thought that resistance in wr cx. tarsalis was associated with a mesenteronal infection barrier. present data on viral growth in mesenterons dissected from females fed on virus-soaked pledgets suggest that vi ... | 1989 | 2774065 |
| establishment and characterization of st louis encephalitis virus persistent infections in aedes and culex mosquito cell lines. | persistent infections with st louis encephalitis (sle) virus were established in three mosquito cell lines (aedes albopictus, a. dorsalis and culex tarsalis) and were maintained for over 2 years. all three persistently infected cell cultures shared two features: (i) no overt cytopathic effect and (ii) a relatively high proportion of cells infected (41 to 85%). the aedes persistently infected cultures were resistant to superinfection with the homologous virus but not heterologous viruses. two sig ... | 1988 | 2842432 |
| phenotypes of st louis encephalitis virus mutants produced in persistently infected mosquito cell cultures. | viral mutants that appeared during long-term persistent infections of mosquito cell cultures (aedes albopictus, a. dorsalis and culex tarsalis) with st louis encephalitis virus were characterized. evidence was obtained for the presence of temperature-sensitive mutants in the a. dorsalis and c. tarsalis persistently infected cultures, and small plaque mutants were predominant in all cultures except one of two cell cultures of c. tarsalis. virus from persistently infected a. albopictus cell cultur ... | 1988 | 2842433 |
| effect of normal mosquito extracts upon arbovirus recoveries from mosquito pools. | titers of turlock (tur) and hart park (hp) viruses were reduced to undetectable levels when virus was mixed with a triturated suspension of uninfected (normal) 4th instar larvae of culex tarsalis prior to plaque assay in cell culture. there was a linear relationship between the number of larvae in the pool and the titer of virus recoverable. virus was undetectable when 1,000-10,000 pfu of either agent was added to pools that contained 25 or more larvae. suspensions of up to 25 adult male or fema ... | 1985 | 2860815 |
| entomologic studies after a st. louis encephalitis epidemic in grand junction, colorado. | in 1986, after a st. louis encephalitis epidemic in grand junction, colorado, in 1985, vector mosquitoes in the city were surveyed to correlate their bionomics and infection rates with the occurrence of human disease. no human cases were reported, but mosquito surveillance disclosed st. louis encephalitis virus in culex tarsalis and culex pipiens pipiens. mosquitoes were collected with gravid traps designed to attract cx. p. pipiens and with centers for disease control light traps. culex p. pipi ... | 1988 | 2899394 |
| mosquito surveillance employing new jersey light traps on indian reservations in iowa, nebraska and south dakota in 1984 and 1985. | a mosquito surveillance program was established in 1983 on indian reservations in iowa, nebraska and south dakota. standard new jersey light traps were operated on 12 reservations throughout the summer seasons in 1984 and 1985. rainfall levels in general were higher than normal at all sites in 1984 but were lower than normal at most sites in 1985. aedes vexans was the most abundant species collected on all reservations and culex tarsalis second in abundance. man-biting collections of mosquitoes ... | 1987 | 2904939 |
| an evaluation of the mosquitofish, gambusia affinis, and the inland silverside, menidia beryllina, as mosquito control agents in california wild rice fields. | the mosquitofish, gambusia affinis, and the inland silverside, menidia beryllina, were evaluated in experimental, one-tenth hectare wild rice plots in lake county, california, for their impact on densities of culex tarsalis, anopheles freeborni and anopheles franciscanus. gambusia affinis were tested at 0.6 and 1.7 kg/ha and the silversides at ca. 0.9 kg/ha. the silversides did not survive well in the rice field system and none of the silverside guts examined contained mosquito larvae. the mosqu ... | 1987 | 2904970 |
| impact of climate on western equine encephalitis in manitoba, minnesota and north dakota, 1980-1983. | information was collected on confirmed outbreaks of western equine encephalitis (wee) in north america east of the rockies for 1981 and 1983 (epidemic years) and 1980 and 1982 (non-epidemic years). the initial pattern of outbreaks in manitoba, minnesota and north dakota was determined for each year. backward (and in some instances forward) wind trajectories were computed for each day 4-15 days (incubation period) before the initial outbreaks of wee in a given area of province or state. during th ... | 1988 | 2905669 |
| occurrence and seasonal incidence of mosquitoes on indian reservations in iowa, nebraska and south dakota during 1983. | a mosquito surveillance program designed to prevent future human cases of western equine encephalitis or saint louis encephalitis was established in 1983 on indian reservations under the jurisdiction of the aberdeen area indian health service in iowa, nebraska and south dakota. standard new jersey light traps were operated on all reservations throughout the summer season while cdc miniature and encephalitis virus surveillance traps were employed for shorter periods of time on 4 reservations. aed ... | 1986 | 2906969 |
| identification of aedes campestris from new mexico: with notes on the isolation of western equine encephalitis and other arboviruses. | an arbovirus survey was conducted during august 1985 at white sands missile range in southcentral new mexico following a suspected arboviral disease epizootic among feral horses. a total of 20,566 mosquitoes (18,505 females and 2,061 males) and 8,900 biting gnats were collected and assayed for virus. female mosquitoes were principally aedes campestris (54.8%), aedes dorsalis (30.4%) and culex tarsalis (13.2%). arboviruses were not isolated from biting gnats, but mosquitoes yielded a total of 37 ... | 1986 | 2906989 |
| hematozoan parasites of rio grande wild turkeys from southern texas. | one hundred twenty-three of 300 blood samples (41%) taken from rio grande wild turkeys (meleagris gallopavo intermedia) from three locations in southern texas (welder wildlife refuge, chaparrosa ranch, and campo alegre ranch) and subinoculated into domestic broad-breasted white turkey poults were positive for a plasmodium (novyella) sp. analysis of blood films from 350 turkeys revealed haemoproteus meleagridis in 76% of the birds. a significantly greater mean parasite intensity was observed in b ... | 1988 | 3127605 |
| the ecology of western equine encephalomyelitis virus in the central valley of california, 1945-1985. | reeves' concept of the summer transmission cycle of western equine encephalomyelitis virus in 1945 was that the virus was amplified in a silent transmission cycle involving mosquitoes, domestic chickens, and possibly wild birds, from which it could be transmitted tangentially to and cause disease in human and equine populations. extensive field and laboratory studies done since 1945 in the central valley of california have more clearly defined the specific invertebrate and vertebrate hosts invol ... | 1987 | 3318522 |
| overproduction of detoxifying esterases in organophosphate-resistant culex mosquitoes and their presence in other insects. | antisera raised against the denatured polypeptide of two organophosphate-detoxifying esterases (b1 and a1) of culex mosquitoes were used in an immunoblot method to quantify esterase production in resistant versus susceptible strains and to detect the presence of immunologically related proteins in other insects. it was demonstrated that esterase b1 of culex quinquefasciatus and esterase a1 of culex pipiens are overproduced in resistant strains by factors of at least 500-fold and 70-fold, respect ... | 1987 | 3470782 |
| air conditioning and television as protective factors in arboviral encephalitis risk. | in california, the advent of television and air conditioned housing has coincided with a general decrease in mosquito-borne viral encephalitis cases in humans in the past 25 years. during this same period, levels of vector populations, virus activity in vectors, birds, and horses has been high at times. air conditioning and television encourage persons to remain indoors during summer evenings, the primary time when infected culex tarsalis transmit western equine encephalomyelitis and st. louis e ... | 1986 | 3486605 |
| studies on autogeny in culex tarsalis: 3. life table attributes of autogenous and anautogenous strains under laboratory conditions. | the reproductive biology and life table attributes of autogenous and anautogenous strains of cx. tarsalis which were selected from the same parent colony were compared under laboratory conditions. autogenous mosquitoes required 1 day longer to complete immature development, but oviposited 1 to 2 days earlier than anautogenous mosquitoes. autogenous females readily imbibed blood meals from restrained chickens if ovarian maturation had not progressed to christophers' stage iii. wing length and lif ... | 1987 | 3504949 |
| culex tarsalis in rhode island. | | 1986 | 3507483 |
| an interspecific mosquito model for the mesenteronal infection barrier to western equine encephalomyelitis virus (culex tarsalis and culex pipiens). | culex tarsalis, a putative mosquito vector of western equine encephalomyelitis (wee) virus, is susceptible to peroral infection by wee virus. the nonvector mosquito, culex pipiens, has a very high peroral threshold of infection and is considered to be refractory. by parenteral inoculation, both mosquito species are equally susceptible. thus, cx. tarsalis and cx. pipiens represent an excellent model system to examine the mechanisms for the mesenteronal infection barrier to wee virus. diethylamino ... | 1986 | 3706628 |
| aerial adulticiding for the suppression of culex tarsalis in kern county, california, using low volume propoxur: 2. impact on natural populations in foothill and valley habitats. | a low volume formulation of propoxur wettable powder suspended in larvicidal oil was evaluated on 4 occasions in kern co., california during 1983 using fixed and rotary wing aerial application systems. culex tarsalis abundance was suppressed significantly by all sprays, although reduction below the virus maintenance threshold of 30 females per trap night was achieved only at one foothill site. western equine encephalomyelitis virus minimum infection rates decreased significantly after serial app ... | 1985 | 3880226 |
| western equine encephalomyelitis virus: in vivo infection and morphogenesis in mosquito mesenteronal epithelial cells. | the infection and morphogenetic events associated with the replication of western equine encephalomyelitis (wee) virus within the mesenterons of aedes dorsalis and three strains of culex tarsalis are compared and contrasted. wee virus apparently penetrates mesenteronal epithelial cells in vivo through membrane fusion. profiles of apparent membrane fusion events were observed between virus particles and the microvillar surface of the mesenteron and naked nucleocapsids are observed intracellularly ... | 1985 | 3993231 |
| laboratory studies on the transmission of western equine encephalitis virus by saskatchewan mosquitoes. i. culex tarsalis. | a saskatchewan strain of the mosquito culex tarsalis, transmitted a local strain of western equine encephalitis virus from chick to chick, between four and 44 days after an infective blood meal. at incubation temperatures of 69 and 75 degrees f, 120 transmissions occurred out of a possible 141, and all but seven of these were by single infected mosquitoes. at 75 degrees f virus titers in individual mosquitoes were more uniform and transmission was more efficient, than at 69 degrees f, although i ... | 1972 | 4259935 |
| experimental cyclic transmission of western equine encephalitis virus in chickens and culex tarsalis through a year. | | 1967 | 4381367 |
| host-feeding patterns of culex tarsalis in the sacramento valley, california, with notes on other species. | | 1967 | 4383195 |
| proceedings: mathematical modeling of a virus vector: culex tarsalis. | | 1974 | 4824238 |
| transmission of wee virus to snakes by infected culex tarsalis mosquitoes. | | 1966 | 5924436 |
| culex tarsalis coquillett as a vector of an attenuated strain of western equine encephalomyelitis virus. | | 1966 | 5933958 |
| permeability of the midgut basal lamina in the mosquito, culex tarsalis coquillett (insecta, diptera). | the permeability of the basal lamina of the midgut of the mosquito, culex tarsalis, was determined for engorged and unfed mosquito midguts both pre- and postfixed. a range of materials, with diameters from less than 2nm (lanthanum) through 90 nm, (polystyrene spheres), was examined. the permeability of the basal lamina was constant under all experimental conditions; 5--8 nm particles (colloidal thorium) were the largest to consistently permeate. the discussion is centered on the question of how ... | 1981 | 6115555 |
| sensitivity to carbon dioxide in mosquitoes infected with california serogroup arboviruses. | ten species of mosquitoes became sensitive to co2 following intrathoracic (i.t.) inoculation of california encephalitis (ce) virus. these included field-collected aedes melanimon, aedes nigromaculis and culiseta incidens and laboratory-colonized strains of aedes dorsalis, aedes triseriatus, anopheles freeborni, culex peus, culex pipiens pipiens, culex pipiens quinquefasciatus and culex tarsalis. another california serogroup virus, jerry slough (= jamestown canyon) (js), also induced co2 sensitiv ... | 1982 | 6122383 |
| cultivation of mosquito cell lines in serum-free media and their effects on dengue virus replication. | seven mosquito cell lines from five species (aedes aegypti, ae. albopictus, ae. pseudoscutellaris, culex tarsalis, and toxorhynchites amboinensis) were adapted to three kinds of serum-free media (sem), which were composed of equal volumes of tryptose phosphate broth and of either leibovitz (l15) medium, eagle's minimum essential medium, or medium 199 with hanks' salts. population growth rates of the cells cultivated in the smfs were generally slower than those of original cell cultures maintaine ... | 1983 | 6137452 |
| comparative arboviral susceptibility of female culex tarsalis (diptera: culicidae) collected in co2-baited traps and reared from field-collected pupae. | | 1983 | 6298431 |
| comparative vector competence of culex tarsalis and culex quinquefasciatus from the coachella, imperial, and san joaquin valleys of california for st. louis encephalitis virus. | st. louis encephalitis (sle) virus has continued to be active in the colorado desert region of southern california (coachella and imperial valleys) since 1973, while it has virtually disappeared from the sacramento and san joaquin valleys of central california. consequently, comparative vector competence studies were undertaken from 1978 to 1981 to evaluate the susceptibility of populations of culex quinquefasciatus and culex tarsalis from the san joaquin and coachella/imperial valleys to oral i ... | 1983 | 6301301 |
| effect of temperature of extrinsic incubation on the vector competence of culex tarsalis for western equine encephalomyelitis virus. | culex tarsalis was a less competent vector of western equine encephalomyelitis (wee) virus after 2-3 weeks' extrinsic incubation at 32 degrees c than after incubation at 18 degrees or 25 degrees c. the high temperature itself was not directly detrimental to mosquito infection as all mosquitoes were initially infected, but subsequently some females were able to limit viral multiplication and/or dissemination. elevated maintenance temperatures enhanced the expression of modulation, and elevated la ... | 1983 | 6625067 |
| vertebrate host specificity and experimental vectors of plasmodium (novyella) kempi sp. n. from the eastern wild turkey in iowa. | vertebrate host specificity, experimental laboratory vectors, and a description of plasmodium (novyella) kempi sp. n. from eastern wild turkeys (meleagris gallopavo silvestris vieillot) in iowa are presented. plasmodium kempi is infective for domestic turkeys, bobwhites (colinus virginianus), chukars (alectoris graeca), guinea fowl (numida meleagris), peacocks (pavo cristatus), and canaries (serinus canaria), produces a transient infection in mallards (anas platyrhynchos) and domestic geese (ans ... | 1983 | 6644918 |
| sampling culex tarsalis (diptera: culicidae) immatures on rice fields treated with combinations of mosquitofish and bacillus thuringiensis h-14 toxin. | | 1983 | 6687471 |
| experimental transovarial transmission of st. louis encephalitis virus by culex and aedes mosquitoes. | colonized and field-collected female culex tarsalis, infected with st. louis encephalitis, (sle) virus by intrathoracic inoculation or by feeding on a viremic host, transmitted virus to their f1 adult and/or larval progeny when reared at 18(+/- 1) degree c but not when reared at 27(+/- 1) degrees c. the minimal infection rates (mir) for different populations of cx. tarsalis ranged from 1:32 to less than 1:250 (mean = 1:121) for larval progeny and from 1:32 to less than 1:1, 989 (mean = 1:1,571) ... | 1984 | 6696174 |
| fate of bacillus sphaericus 1593 and 2362 spores used as larvicides in the aquatic environment. | dry powders produced from insecticidal bacillus sphaericus strains 1593 and 2362 were applied against culex tarsalis and anopheles franciscanus mosquito larvae in small-plot field trials. good control of c. tarsalis, but not of a. franciscanus, was produced at 0.1 and 0.2 lb/acre [ca. 0.122 and 0.244 kg/ha]. b. sphaericus spores settled rapidly from upper water layers and accumulated in bottom muds. control of third/fourth-instar c. tarsalis larvae was maintained through day 4 after testing and ... | 1984 | 6696411 |
| host-dependent mutants of sindbis virus whose growth is restricted in cultured aedes albopictus cells produce normal yields of virus in intact mosquitoes. | two host-dependent (hd), temperature-sensitive (ts) mutants of sindbis virus (sv), clones 35 and 58, which are restricted in their ability to grow at 34 degrees in cultured aedes albopictus cells [k.j. kowal and v. stollar (1981). virology 114, 140-148] were not restricted in their ability to grow at 28-34 degrees after intrathoracic inoculation of ae. albopictus, ae. dorsalis, ae. epactius, anopheles freeborni, and culex tarsalis mosquitoes. compared to standard sv (svstd), the growth of sv clo ... | 1984 | 6710871 |
| properties of sindbis virus variants from infected culex tarsalis mosquitoes. | plaque-purified sindbis virus was passed three times in culex tarsalis mosquitoes and progeny viruses were isolated by plaque purification on a cloned line of aedes albopictus cells. nine of ten clones examined differed from wild-type (wt) virus with respect to their plaque morphology characteristics in chick embryo fibroblast (cef) and/or a. albopictus cells. seven clones were temperature-sensitive and failed to replicate or synthesize viral rna in cef cells at 41 degrees c. at 35 degrees c in ... | 1984 | 6726183 |
| dissemination barriers for western equine encephalomyelitis virus in culex tarsalis infected after ingestion of low viral doses. | there are two dose-dependent barriers to the transmission of western equine encephalomyelitis virus in infected female culex tarsalis. in the first, virus multiplies in the mesenteron, but does not invade other tissues regardless of the length of extrinsic incubation. we call this the "mesenteronal escape" barrier. in some mosquitoes virus escapes from the infected mesenteron but a second barrier prevents infection of the salivary glands and perhaps neural tissues. we designate this the "salivar ... | 1981 | 7212166 |
| continued host seeking by partially engorged culex tarsalis (diptera: culicidae) collected in nature. | | 1981 | 7328610 |
| the significance of western equine encephalomyelitis viral infections in aedes trivittatus (diptera: culicidae) in iowa. i. variation in susceptibility of aedes trivittatus to experimental infection with three strains of western equine encephalomyelitis virus. | f1 pregnancy obtained from field-collected aedes trivittatus were evaluated for susceptibility to infection with western equine encephalomyelitis (wee) virus by intrathoracic inoculation and by oral imbibition of virus-blood suspensions through a membrane. mosquitoes were uniformly susceptible to infection by intrathoracic inoculation of three strains of wee virus, but minimum infective doses varied as much as 2,000 to 12,000-fold between strains by membrane feeding. dose-response data obtained ... | 1980 | 7352619 |
| effect of rearing temperature on transovarial transmission of st. louis encephalitis virus in mosquitoes. | female aedes albopictus and aedes epactius infected by inoculation with st. louis encephalitis (sle) virus transmitted virus transovarially to their f1 progeny. with ae. epactius, minimal infection rates (mir) in f1 larvae were similar for progeny reared at 18 (+/- 1) degree c or 27 (+/- 1) degree c, whereas, mir's were significantly higher in f1 adults reared at 18 degrees c, than they were in f1 adults reared at 27 degrees c. use of different strains of sle virus appeared to influence transova ... | 1980 | 7435796 |
| geographic variation among st. louis encephalitis virus strains in the viremic responses of avian hosts. | we studied the capacity of 44 strains of st. louis encephalitis (sle) virus to induce viremia in an epidemiologically important wild avian host, the house sparrow (passer domesticus). selected virus strains were also inoculated at varying doses into 3-week-old chicks. viremic responses were analyzed in terms of the proportion of inoculated nestling and adult birds which became viremic, the mean duration and the mean peak titer of viremia. infectivity of avian sera was determined by plaque assay ... | 1980 | 7446828 |
| response of iowa mosquito populations to unusual precipitation patterns as measured by new jersey light trap collections. | new jersey light trap data from 1993, a year with unusually high amounts of precipitation, and 1994 were compared with mean light trap counts for the previous 8-10 years in each of 6 locations. the study took place in iowa. in 1993, aedes trivittatus and culex tarsalis populations were unchanged. anopheles punctipennis and culex pipiens complex populations were significantly higher, and aedes vexans populations increased in all 6 sites, significantly so in 2 sites. species composition was unchan ... | 1995 | 7595446 |
| potential mosquito vectors of dirofilaria immitis in bernalillo county, new mexico. | the susceptibility of aedes vexans, culex quinquefasciatus, and culex tarsalis to dirofilaria immitis infections was evaluated in bernalillo co., new mexico. mosquitoes that had taken a blood meal from a d. immitis-infected dog were dissected and observed for developing larvae. infection rates for ae. vexans, cx. quinquefasciatus, and cx. tarsalis were 68.9, 40.6, and 30.2%, respectively. infective d. immitis larvae developed after a minimum of 8 days in ae. vexans vs. 14 days in both cx. quinqu ... | 1995 | 7616197 |
| landscape ecology of arboviruses in southern california: temporal and spatial patterns of vector and virus activity in coachella valley, 1990-1992. | consistent temporal and spatial patterns in the activity of culex tarsalis coquillett and western equine encephalomyelitis (wee) and st. louis encephalitis (sle) viruses were delineated that were useful in developing a stratified surveillance program. vernal increases in cx. tarsalis abundance typically were associated with flooding of saline marshes along the north shore of the salton sea and were followed 6-8 wk later by the onset of wee and sle virus activity. viruses then spread to managed m ... | 1995 | 7616515 |
| landscape ecology of arboviruses in southern california: patterns in the epizootic dissemination of western equine encephalomyelitis and st. louis encephalitis viruses in coachella valley, 1991-1992. | temporal and spatial patterns in the initiation and dissemination of western equine encephalomyelitis and st. louis encephalitis virus activity in coachella valley during 1991 and 1992 were detected by testing pools of host-seeking culex tarsalis coquillett for virus infection and sentinel chickens for seroconversions. both viruses repeatedly were detected first at a salt marsh adjacent to the salton sea in the southeastern corner of the study area and then disseminated to the northwest to fresh ... | 1995 | 7616516 |
| bionomics of culex tarsalis (diptera: culicidae) in relation to arbovirus transmission in southeastern california. | population dynamics and bionomics of host-seeking culex tarsalis coquillett were studied in the imperial and coachella valleys of california during periods in 1991 and 1992 when western equine encephalomyelitis (wee) and st. louis encephalitis (sle) viruses were transmitted to sentinel chickens. female abundance was greatest during the spring and fall, before and after most virus transmission occurred and was not correlated with temperature, humidity, or rainfall. parity rates were highest durin ... | 1995 | 7616523 |
| chromosomal evidence on the sporogony of amblyospora californica (microspora: amblyosporidae) in culex tarsalis (diptera: culicidae). | amblyospora californica is a polymorphic, eukaryotic microsporidian. three types of sporogony producing three types of spores occur in male larvae and female adults of its mosquito host, culex tarsalis, and an alternate copepod host, acanthocyclops vernalis. development of a. californica in male larvae includes merogony and sporogony. karyogamy and meiosis was observed in sporogony in male larvae but not in the female adult or in the copepod. chromosomal evidence showed that sporogony included t ... | 1995 | 7757051 |
| mosquito transposable elements. | most of the transposons so far characterized from mosquito genomes are retroelements which seem to be distributed worldwide. the juan transposons constitute a family of non-ltr retroelements, or line-retroposons, which are dispersed in the genomes of several mosquito species. three different juan subfamilies have been characterized, each being amplified in the genomes of many strains, if not all, of a given mosquito species. these subfamilies have been designated respectively juan-c in culex pip ... | 1994 | 7813911 |
| potential effect of global warming on mosquito-borne arboviruses. | if global warming occurs in california, daily mean temperatures may increase by 3 to 5 degrees c, precipitation patterns will change, and sea level may rise 1 m. studies were done on effect of temperature changes on survival of culex tarsalis coquillett, the primary vector of western equine encephalomyelitis (wee) and st. louis encephalitis (sle) viruses, in two regions where temperatures differed by 5 degrees c. daily mortality of adult vectors increased by 1% for each 1 degree c increase in te ... | 1994 | 8057305 |
| weather factors in the prediction of western equine encephalitis epidemics in manitoba. | cases of western equine encephalitis in horses in 1987 in western usa and manitoba, canada were examined by backward trajectory analysis of winds. culex tarsalis mosquitoes infected with western equine encephalitis virus could have been carried on southerly winds from texas and oklahoma to northern usa and from there to manitoba. the presence of the polar front over north dakota and minnesota at the end of july would have led to the landing of cx. tarsalis in montana and wisconsin and prevented ... | 1993 | 8405163 |
| effect of temperature on the transmission of western equine encephalomyelitis and st. louis encephalitis viruses by culex tarsalis (diptera: culicidae). | the extrinsic incubation rate (inverse of the time in days from infection to median transmission) of western equine encephalomyelitis (wee) and st. louis encephalitis (sle) viruses by laboratory strains of culex tarsalis coquillett increased as a linear function of incubation temperatures from 10 to 30 degrees c. the estimated temperatures for zero transmission thresholds (intercept of the x axis) were 10.9 and 14.9 degrees c, and the number of degree days above these thresholds required for med ... | 1993 | 8433322 |
| arbovirus surveillance in northern colorado, 1987 and 1991. | arbovirus surveillance was conducted during an epizootic of western equine encephalitis (wee) during 1987 and during a nonepizootic year, 1991, in the same area in northern colorado. mosquitoes were collected in larimer county, co, during weeks 33-37 (10 august to 7 september) in 1987 and during weeks 26-35 (24 june to 26 august) in 1991. in total, 13,099 mosquitoes in 694 pools collected during 1987 and 8,672 mosquitoes in 242 pools collected during 1991 were tested for virus. wee virus was iso ... | 1993 | 8433334 |
| distribution of western equine encephalomyelitis virus in the alimentary tract of culex tarsalis (diptera: culicidae) following natural and artificial blood meals. | the distribution of western equine encephalomyelitis (wee) virus in the alimentary tract of culex tarsalis (coquillett), following blood feeding, was examined using autoradiography. following engorgement on chicks circulating radiolabeled virus, wee virus in all mosquitoes was concentrated at the margins of the abdominal midgut, adjacent to the epithelium. thirty percent of mosquitoes also contained small amounts of virus in the foregut, ventral diverticulum, and/or thoracic midgut. mosquitoes i ... | 1993 | 8459416 |
| susceptibility of various mosquitoes of california to subperiodic brugia malayi. | laboratory experiments were conducted to determine the susceptibility of six species of mosquitoes, representing three genera, to subperiodic brugia malayi. the black-eye, liverpool strain of aedes aegypti was the susceptible control. mosquitoes were fed on microfilaremic jirds (meriones unguiculatus). all mosquitoes, except wild caught culex erythrothorax, were laboratory-reared and allowed to feed when 8 to 10 days old. anopheles freeborni, anopheles hermsi, and culiseta inornata proved refrac ... | 1995 | 8533667 |
| possible contributing factors to the paucity of yellow fever epidemics in the ashanti region of ghana, west africa. | yellow fever virus vectors identified in the ashanti region of ghana included aedes aegypti, aedes africanus, aedes luteocephalus and aedes vittatus. other mosquito species, unrelated to yellow fever transmission, identified in this study included culex tigripes, culex thalassius, culex decens, culex tarsalis, anopheles gambiae, anopheles stephansi and toxorynchites brevipalpis. factors generally known to influence yellow fever transmission were also studied in the ashanti region. these included ... | 1996 | 8625858 |
| immunoblot analysis of ige and igg binding antigens in extracts of mosquitos aedes vexans, culex tarsalis and culiseta inornata. | extracts of one globally distributed mosquito species (aedes vexans) and two north american species (culex tarsalis and culiseta inornata) were prepared from heads and thoraxes. proteins of the three extracts were separated by 12% sds-page and transferred to nitrocellulose membranes for immunoblotting. immunoblotting was completed by sequential incubations of the membranes with a pooled human serum from subjects allergic to mosquito bites, monoclonal antibodies to human ige or igg, and goat anti ... | 1996 | 8645977 |
| seasonal variation in the vector competence of culex tarsalis (diptera:culicidae) from the coachella valley of california for western equine encephalomyelitis and st. louis encephalitis viruses. | the vector competence of culex tarsalis coquillett from the coachella valley of california for western equine encephalomyelitis (wee) and st. louis encephalitis (sle) viruses was monitored monthly from february to november 1993. the concentration of wee virus required to infect 50% of the females increased during summer coincidentally with ambient temperature and was highest during july. transmission rates of wee virus were high during march, low during may-june, and high again during july-septe ... | 1996 | 8667391 |
| ecology of mosquitoes and lack of arbovirus activity at morro bay, san luis obispo county, california. | during 1994-95, totals of 17,656 adult females and 111,104 adults reared from field-collected immatures comprising 19 species in 4 genera of mosquitoes were collected from morro bay estuary and surrounding environs in san luis obispo county, california. aedes dorsalis was the dominant summer mosquito, whereas aedes squamiger and ae. washinoi were abundant during winter and early spring. host-seeking culex tarsalis were collected infrequently, even though immatures were collected frequently from ... | 1996 | 9046476 |
| interrupted blood feeding by culex (diptera:culicidae) in relation to individual host tolerance to mosquito attack. | field studies at delta marsh (1991) and winnipeg (1993), mb, and vero beach (1992), fl, examined variation among individual quail hosts in terms of the blood-feeding success by mosquitoes that fed on them. culex tarsalis coquillett was the predominant species collected in box traps baited with 2 quail at delta marsh in 1991, culex nigripalpus theobald was the predominant species collected at vero beach in 1992, and both cx. tarsalis and culex restuans theobald were collected in approximately equ ... | 1997 | 9103751 |
| landscape ecology of arboviruses in southeastern california: temporal and spatial patterns of enzootic activity in imperial valley, 1991-1994. | western equine encephalomyelitis (wee) and st. louis encephalitis (sle) viruses were detected in the imperial valley during the summers of 1991-1994 by isolation from the primary vector, culex tarsalis coquillett, and by the seroconversion of sentinel chickens. enzootic transmission consistently was not detected first each year at sampling sites near specific landscape features such as a heron rookery and other riparian habitats along the new river, sites along the mexican border, or saline and ... | 1997 | 9103761 |
| host preference of mosquitoes in bernalillo county, new mexico. | host preference of mosquitoes was determined using animal-baited traps. hosts used in the study were cattle, chickens, dogs, and horses. ten mosquito species representing 4 genera were collected from the animal-baited traps. aedes vexans, aedes dorsalis, culex quinquefasciatus. culex tarsalis, and culiseta inornata were used as indicator species for data analysis. greater numbers of ae. vexans, ae. dorsalis, and cs. inornata were collected from cattle and horses than from chickens or dogs. in ad ... | 1997 | 9152878 |