| failure of rubella virus to replicate in mosquitos. | rubella virus failed to replicate in mosquitoes (aedes albopictus and culex fatigans) following parenteral inoculation. the virus demonstrated in mosquitoes tested immediately after inoculation but was not detected in insects sampled 7, 14 and 21 days postinoculation. this experiment provides further evidence that rubella is not an arbovirus, but does not invalidate its classification as a togavirus. | 1975 | 345 |
| a simple technique for demonstrating transmission of dengue virus by mosquitoes without the use of vertebrate hosts. | aedes albopictus mosquitoes infected with dengue type 2 virus transmitted virus to measured small amounts of fluid which could be titrated readily for virus content. it was found that the percentage of mosquitoes transmitting was related to the extent of salivary gland infection. it was not uncommon for mosquitoes to transmit as much as 10(4) mosquito infectious doses50 of virus and transmission of significant amounts of virus was observed even though an insect only probed the test suspension wi ... | 1976 | 3980 |
| influence of temperature corresponding to that of the vector on tahyna virus. | the behaviour of uncloned, low-passage tahyna virus in an aedes albopictus (aa) cell line at 28 and 20 degrees c was studied in the course of 10 passages. the virus multiplied at both temperatures without any apparent effect on the host cell. at 28 and 20 degrees c reduction of plaque size, decrease of peripheral virulence and weakening of thermostability were observed. differences between both temperatures were only in the intensity of these changes. | 1976 | 13645 |
| experimental brugia timori and wuchereria bancrofti infections in certain species of mosquitoes. | laboratory reared aedes aegypti (black eye and jakarta strains), aedes togoi, (taiwan), aedes albopictus, (jakarta), wild caught anopheles barbirostris, (java) and mansonia uniformis, (jakarta) were fed on a carrier with mixed infection of brugia timori and wuchereria bancrofti. b. timori and w. bancrofti were able to develop in a. aegypti (black eye) and a. togoi, with development proceeding more rapidly for of b. timori than w. bancrofti. both species of parasites were readily distinguishable ... | 1977 | 24275 |
| novel antiviral activity found in the media of sindbis virus-persistently infected mosquito (aedes albopictus) cell cultures. | aedes albopictus (mosquito) cells persistently infected with sindbis virus for a period of 6 months release into the medium a low-molecular-weight material capable of specifically reducing the yields of sindbis virus during the "acute phase" of infection in mosquito cells. the antiviral activity was produced in detectable levels at 3 days after infection, and its concentration in the extracellular medium increased thereafter. the antiviral activity was inactivated by treatment with the enzyme pr ... | 1979 | 34732 |
| relative abundance of aedes aegypti (linnaeus) and aedes albopictus (skuse) in different habitats. | | 1979 | 44342 |
| detection of west nile complement-fixing antigen in aedes albopictus cell cultures. | | 1975 | 52295 |
| growth, plaque assay and immunofluorescent studies on tataguine virus in cell culture. | the growth characteristics of tataguine virus were studied in cercopithecus monkey kidney (vero); rhesus monkey kidney (llc-mk2), baby hamster kidney (bhk-21); porcine kidney (pk-15), mouse fibroblasts (l-929) and aedes albopictus cell monolayers. the virus replicated without producing any cytopathology in vero, bhk-21 and aedes albopictus: but not in the other three cell culture systems. two or three subsequent serial blind passages in those cultures supporting the growth of the virus did not p ... | 1979 | 120801 |
| isolation of dengue type 3 from mosquitoes in rangoon. | a virus was isolated in suckling mice from aedes aegypti collected from rangoon area, during the month of july 1969. the virus was identified as a member of group b arbovirus dengue type 3, by means of its ability to agglutinate goose erythrocyte at ph 6.6, haemagglutination inhibition and complement fixation tests, and its growth characteristics in aedes albopictus cell cultures. the isolated dengue type 3 virus differs slightly from the indian dengue type 3 virus in its ability to produce haem ... | 1976 | 140463 |
| mosquito cells infected with vesicular stomatitis virus yield unsialylated virions of low infectivity. | vesicular stomatitis virus propagated in and released from aedes albopictus cells had the normal complement of viral proteins; the glycoprotein contained carbohydrate but no sialic acid. these virions had markedly reduced hemagglutinating activity and exhibited a very high ratio of physical particles to infectious virus. in vitro sialylation of vesicular stomatitis virions grown in mosquito cells resulted in a 100-fold increase in both infectivity and hemagglutination titers to levels approachin ... | 1975 | 163913 |
| morphogenesis of sindbis virus in cultured aedes albopictus cells. | cultured mosquito cells were found to produce sindbis virus nearly as efficiently as bhk-21 cells at 28 c. in virtually all of the cells observed in the electron microscope, virus morphogenesis was found to occur within complex vesicular structures which developed after viral infection. viral nucleocapsids were first seen in these vesicles and appeared to be enveloped within these structures. the process of envelopment within these inclusions differed in some respects from the process previously ... | 1975 | 170422 |
| sindbis virus-induced cytopathic effect in clones of aedes albopictus (singh) cells. | | 1977 | 196393 |
| transovarial transmission of japanese encephalitis virus by mosquitoes. | female aedes albopictus and aedes togoi mosquitoes infected with japanese encephalitis virus either by intrathoracic inoculation or by ingestion of a virus-sucrose-erythrocyte mixture transmitted the virus to a small percentage of their f1 progeny. adult f1 female aedes albopictus thus infected transmitted the virus in turn to newly hatched chickens by feeding on them. | 1978 | 203035 |
| the susceptibility of cell lines of aedes aegypti (linn.), aedes albopictus (skuse) and aedes pseudoscutellaris (therobald) to infection with blutongue virus. | bluetongue virus multiplied in cell lines derived from aedes albopictus and aedes pseudoscutellaris cells. virus reached a maximum titre in the ae. pseudoscutellaris cells three days post inoculation, and in ae. albopictus cells six days p.i. virus growth was demonstrated in both cell lines at 27 degrees c and 37 degrees c. significant titres of virus were still present in the ae. albopictus cells after five subcultures at 27 degrees c over a period of six weeks. no cytopathic effect was observe ... | 1979 | 218529 |
| small- and large-plaque variants of chikungunya virus in two vertebrate and seven invertebrate cell lines. | nine cells lines--bhk-21, vero, aedes albopictus, a. aegypti (monolayer and howwow vesicles), a. w-albus, a. vittatus, anopheles stephensi and culex quinquefasciatus--were infected with small- and large-plaque (sp, lp) variants of chikungunya virus. ross strain, and incubated at different temperatures. in the aedes (29 plus or minus 1 degrees c) and the vertebrate cell lines (36 degrees c), infectivity titers of extracellular virus rapidly reached a peak; cytopathic effect (cpe) occurred only in ... | 1975 | 235192 |
| growth of tahyna virus at low temperatures. | replication of two tahyna virus strains in the aedes albopictus mosquito cell line was studied in the temperature range from 6 to 28 degrees c. the virus grew in this temperature range; its replication rate was related to the temperature of incubation. at lower temperatures the virus titres increased more slowly and did not reach as high maximum values as at higher temperatures. short increase in incubation temperature resulted in a short increase in the titre of virus previously incubated at 10 ... | 1975 | 241231 |
| isolation of spotted fever group and wolbachia-like agents from field-collected materials by means of plaque formation in mammalian and mosquito cells. | three isolations from ticks (dermacentor occidentalis) of a rickettsia of the spotted fever group and 5 isolations from chipmunk (eutamias rugicaudus) blood of a wolbachia-like agent were obtained from plaques formed in singh's aedes albopictus (mosquito) and vero (african green monkey kidney) cell cultures. these organisms could not be isolated by injection of the infected ticks or blood into embryonated chicken eggs, guinea pigs, or voles (microtus pennsylvanicus), but fluid cultures of grace' ... | 1975 | 241251 |
| a simple technique for the detection of dengue antigen in mosquitoes by immunofluorescence. | dengue antigen could be demonstrated by a direct fluorescent antibody technique in simple head squashes of either male or female aedes albopictus mosquitoes infected with any of the four dengue serotypes. dengue viruses can be isolated rapidly and simply by combining this technique with that of parenteral inoculation of mosquitoes with test material. | 1977 | 326071 |
| fluorescent antibody studies on the development of dengue-2 virus in aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae). | | 1979 | 396372 |
| growth of orungo virus in various tissue cultures. | monolayer cultures of cell strains derived from cercopithicus kidney (vero), baby hamster kidney (bhk-21), duck embryo (de), new-born rabbit kidney (ma-111), and aedes albopictus were tested for their ability to support the growth of orungo virus. the virus multiplied to high titres with accompanying cytopathic effect (cpe) in vero and bhk-21 cultures, but not in the other three culture systems. the yield of virus from infected vero cell cultures incubated at 37 degrees c was 30 to 100 times gre ... | 1977 | 413528 |
| complementation between temperature-sensitive mutants isolated from aedes albopictus cells persistently infected with western equine encephalitis virus. | | 1979 | 425324 |
| togavirus interference in culex annulirostris mosquitoes. | culex annulirostris mosquitoes infected with sfv-s, a temperature-sensitive, small-plaque mutant of semliki forest virus isolated from cultured aedes albopictus cells, could not be infected later with wild-type virus (sfv-w). interference occurred as soon as 24 h after infection with sfv-s. in mosquitoes infected with a mixture of the two viruses, both replicated normally. | 1979 | 430033 |
| effect of incubation time on the generation of defective-interfering particles during undiluted serial passage of sindbis virus in aedes albopictus and chick cells. | | 1979 | 462807 |
| epidemic dengue hemorrhagic fever in rural indonesia. iii. entomological studies. | entomological studies were carried out during a dengue hemorrhagic fever epidemic in central java in december 1976. both aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus were widely distributed in bantul, but the latter species was more abundant. comparative studies on the vector competence of the two species showed that ae. albopictus had a higher susceptibility than ae. aegypti to oral infection with all four dengue serotypes. the two species were equally compentent in transmitting the bantul strain of deng ... | 1979 | 464193 |
| characteristics of aedes albopictus cells persistently infected with dengue viruses. | | 1979 | 471048 |
| proteins specified by togaviruses in infected aedes albopictus (singh) mosquito cells. | yields of greater than 10(7) p.f.u./ml at 28 or 37 degrees c of the alphavirus sindbis and the flavivirus kunjin were obtained in the aedes albopictus (singh) cell line, the latent periods being 4 to 6 and 10 to 12 h, respectively. despite a high background of host protein synthesis, virtually all the virus-specified proteins of the flaviviruses kunjin, dengue-2 and japanese encephalitis were labelled and resolved by slab gel electrophoresis of infected and uninfected cell proteins. in contrast, ... | 1979 | 479844 |
| evaluation of aedes albopictus tissue culture for use in association with arbovirus isolation. | the susceptibility and sensitivity of aedes albopictus cell cultures to five different primary and four different low-passage arboviruses were tested. yellow fever, west nile, ilesha, eastern equine encephalitis, and flanders viruses replicated in a albopictus tissue cultures. replication was determined by the ability of selected tissue culture fluids to infect suckling mice, and by recovery from tissue culture fluid of progressively increasing amounts of complement-fixing (cf) antigen with time ... | 1979 | 479863 |
| generation of defective interfering particles of semliki forest virus in a clone of aedes albopictus (mosquito) cells. | serial undiluted passage of semliki forest virus in a clone of aedes albopictus cells resulted in a marked decrease in infectious virus yields due to the generation and accumulation of defective interfering particles. virus from the third passage had a high particle/infectivity ratio and interfered specifically with homologous but not heterologous standard virus replication. two rna species of molecular weights 0.78 x 10(6) and 0.61 x 10(6) were the major rna components of purified passage 4 vir ... | 1979 | 480458 |
| heterologous interference in aedes albopictus cells infected with alphaviruses. | maximum amounts of 42s and 26s single-stranded viral rna and viral structural proteins were synthesized in aedes albopictus cells at 24 h after sindbis virus infection. thereafter, viral rna and protein syntheses were inhibited. by 3 days postinfection, only small quantities of 42s rna and no detectable 26s rna or structural proteins were synthesized in infected cells. superinfection of a. albopictus cells 3 days after sindbis virus infection with sindbis, semliki forest, una, or chikungunya alp ... | 1979 | 480461 |
| a mutant of chikungunya virus isolated from a line of singh's aedes albopictus cells by plaque formation on virus-sensitive cloned cells obtained from another singh's a. albopictus cell line. | | 1979 | 506067 |
| electron microscope studies of anaplasma marginale in an aedes albopictus culture system. | anaplasma marginale was seen by electron microscopy within the cytoplasm of aedes albopictus cells in culture. anaplasma marginale was seen in free bovine rbc as well as in rbc phagocytized by ae albopictus cells. some a marginale organisms, both intracellular and extracellular, remained intact for as long as 60 days in culture, and anaplasma inclusion appendages were seen in free-lysed rbc and in lysed rbc phagocytized by ae albopictus cells. although some a marginale organisms had deteriorated ... | 1979 | 525907 |
| hemagglutinin prepared from cells of aedes albopictus, clone c6/36, infected with type 1 dengue virus. | a high titer of hemagglutinin (hanin) was found in culture fluids of cells of aedes albopictus, clone c6/36, infected with type 1 dengue virus. the hanin (tc antigen) was associated with complete virions and no appreciable small-sized hanin was produced, in contrast to the case in an infected suckling mouse brain (smb) homogenate, in which most of the hanin is smaller than complete virions. extraction of the tc antigen with tween 80-ether disrupted the hanin into smaller-sized particles, resulti ... | 1979 | 533536 |
| electron microscopic observations on aedes albopictus cells infected with dengue viruses. | in dengue virus infected aedes albopictus cells, electron-dense particles, larger than single ribosomes, were arranged on the cytoplasmic sides of rough endoplasmic reticulum (rer) membranes. mature virions 40--45 nm in diameter as well as vesiculotubular structures 50--120 nm in diameter appeared in enlarged cisternae of rer filled with fine granular substance. many of the mature virions and somewhat degenerated vesiculotubular structures remained to be enclosed in membranous structures presuma ... | 1979 | 539910 |
| production of temperature-sensitive and pathogenic virus from aedes albopictus cells (singh) persistently infected with chikungunya virus. | when a. albopictus, clone c6/36, cells were infected with chikungunya (chik) virus, high virus yield accompanied by a cytopathic effect in the acute stage of infection was followed by a relatively low yield of virus over a long period of time. virus produced from persistently infected cultures became gradually of smaller plaque size and more temperature-sensitive; however, such virus still retained pathogenicity for suckling mice even after one year of infection. when the persistently infected c ... | 1979 | 543803 |
| role of extracellular virus on the maintenance of the persistent infection induced in aedes albopictus (mosquito) cells by sindbis virus. | sindbis virus infection of cultured mosquito cells was found to have no effect on the growth of these cells; instead, a persistent infection of the culture followed an initial acute phase of rapid virus synthesis. nearly all of the cells in the acute stage of infection were found to actively release virus in an infectious-center assay and to contain significant amounts of virus antigen as determined by immunofluorescence. cells in the persistent phase of infection released few virions into the m ... | 1977 | 561193 |
| replication of dengue-2 virus in aedes albopictus mosquitoes. an electron microscopic study. | sequential electronmicroscopic studies of aedes albopictus mosquitoes infected with dengue-2 virus showed replication of virus particles and vesicular structures confined to cells having an active, rough, endoplasmic reticulum. small granules not found on the surface of virions produced in mammalian cells were seen on the envelopes of the virus particles. there was no evidence of nuclear involvement as described in infected mouse neurones, and there was no apparent impairment of cellular functio ... | 1977 | 596516 |
| aedes albopictus cells release a goose red blood cell agglutinin. | the presence of a goose red blood cell (rbc) agglutinin (ha) in the culture medium of apparently uninfected aedes albopictus cells raised the possibility of contamination by an arbovirus. the ha sedimented in sucrose gradients between 18s and 28s and had a buoyant density in sucrose of 1,23 g/cm3. the ha adsorbed to concanavalin a-sepharose and could be eluted with alpha-methyl-d-mannoside. the apparent molecular weights of the eluted glycoproteins were estimated by page to range from 17,000 to ... | 1978 | 632055 |
| orungo virus: transmission studies with aedes albopictus and aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae). | | 1978 | 633290 |
| effect of ouabain on sindbis virus replication in ouabain-sensitive and ouabain-resistant aedes albopictus cells (singh). | | 1978 | 664253 |
| development of infectious virus & antigen production of je virus in mouse brain, vero, aedes albopictus & aedes w-albus cell cultures. | | 1978 | 680849 |
| isolation of a singh's aedes albopictus cell clone sensitive to dengue and chikungunya viruses. | twenty clones were isolated from cultured aedes albopictus (singh) cells in the presence of anti-chikungunya (chik) virus serum. each clone was tested for its yields of dengue (den) viruses, types 1, 2, 3 and 4, and also chik virus. clone c6 showed the highest yield of each virus tested. forty-three clones obtained by recloning c6 in the presence of anti-den sera showed almost the same virus yields as c6. one of the clones, c6/36, showed mild to extensive cytopathic effects several days after vi ... | 1978 | 690610 |
| virazole prevents production of sindbis virus and virus-induced cytopathic effect in aedes albopictus cells. | | 1978 | 741653 |
| inhibition of sindbis virus replication in aedes albopictus cells deprived of methionine. | | 1978 | 741661 |
| [a rapid assay of sindbis virus infectivity by counting immunofluorescence foci in "aedes albopictus" cell culture (author's transl)]. | the aedes albopictus cell line is susceptible to numerous arboviruses but the appearance of cytopathic effect is observed mostly with flavivirus. a method of rapid titration of sindbis virus by counting immunofluorescent foci is described, using this cell line. | 1976 | 799476 |
| two very different components of messenger rna in an insect cell line. | the messenger rna lifetimes have been measured in a cell line derived from an invertebrate source, the mosquito aedes albopictus. the experiments were made possible by a new technique for obtaining undegraded cytoplasmic rna from cells with high endogenous nuclease levels. there are two components to the decay kinetics of aedes mrna. the major fraction of the steady state message population has a half-life of 20 hr which is, as in mammalian cells, comparable to the cell generation time. the shor ... | 1975 | 804997 |
| an agent in the aedes aegypti cell line (peleg) which causes fusion of aedes albopictus cells. | | 1975 | 806166 |
| isolation of chikungunya virus contaminating an aedes albopictus cell line. | an aedes albopictus cell line was found contaminated with structures morphologically compatible with an alphavirus. rapid isolation of a cytopathic virus was effected by combining sonication, concentration with aquacide ii-r, rate zonal sedimentation and subsequent plating of fractions on vero cells under agar overlay. the virus caused neithedeath nor disease on inoculation into infant and adult mice. it produced a c.p.e. in vero and bhk 21 cells, and multiplied in singh's aedes aegypti cells. t ... | 1975 | 806659 |
| plaque assay for rabies serogroup viruses in vero cells. | plaque formation in vero cells has been induced with seven rabies serogroup viruses either cocultivated as infected bhk-21 or aedes albopictus cells, or directly cultivated as infected mouse brain. | 1975 | 809472 |
| polysomal rna in semliki forest virus infected aedes albopictus cells. | polysomes from aedes albopictus cells were identified by their rapid labelling with radioactive amino acids and their sensitivity to edta, rnase and puromycin. the major ribosome component in cytoplasmic extracts had a sedimentation coefficient of approx. 95s and may be a ribosome dimer. in semiki forest virus infected aedes albopictus cells, 42s and 26s rna were the major virus rna species detected up to 10 h post infection. virus rna was detected in association with pre-labelled ribosomes and ... | 1975 | 810541 |
| defective interfering particles of semliki forest virus generated in bhk cells do not interfere with viral rna synthesis in aedes albopictus cells. | | 1975 | 812255 |
| multiplication of venezuelan equine encephalitis (mucambo) virus in cultured mosquito cells. | venezuelan equine encephalitis (mucambo) virus was able to multiply at 28degree c in cultured mosquito cells (aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus) without inducing any apparent cytopathology. the kinetics of virus multiplication was similar in mosquito and mammalian (vero) cells. twelve to twenty four hours post-infection, a maximum of 10-50 per cent of the cells were engaged in virus production; however, almost immediately this proportion fell abruptly tending to stabilize in the order of 0.01 t ... | 1975 | 813617 |
| leishmania donovani multiplication in a cell line of aedes albopictus. | | 1976 | 841664 |
| quantitative aspects of replication of dengue viruses in aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae) after oral and parenteral infection. | | 1977 | 845886 |
| evidence for the synthesis of defection interfering particles by aedes albopictus cells persistently infected with sindbis virus. | | 1977 | 855191 |
| evolution and properties of aedes albopictus cell cultures persistently infected with sindbis virus. | | 1977 | 898680 |
| survival of anaplasma marginale in aedes albopictus cells. | bovine red blood cells infected with anaplasma marginale were introduced into cell line cultures from the mosquito aedes albopictus. the cultured mosquito cells phagocytized both infected and uninfected red blood cells. the parasite remained viable, as determined by calf inoculations, for 21 days. | 1976 | 949127 |
| failure of defective interfering particles of sindbis virus produced in bhk or chicken cells to affect viral replication in aedes albopictus cells. | whereas defective interfering particles of sindbis virus are readily produced in bhk-21 cells or chicken embryo fibroblasts by the techniques of serial undiluted passage, similar methods failed to generate such particles in aedes albopictus cell cultures. in addition, sindbis virus stocks produced in bhk-21 cells or chicken embryo fibroblasts and which contained defective interfering particles, when tested in a. albopictus cells, failed (i) to interfere with the replication of standard sindbis v ... | 1976 | 986481 |
| characteristics of sindbis virus temperature-sensitive mutants in cultured bhk-21 and aedes albopictus (mosquito) cells. | a number of the temperature-sensitive mutants of sindbis virus originally isolated and characterized by burge and pfefferkorn (1966, 1968) were reexamined for their abilities to grow and complement one another in cultured bhk-21 and aedes albopictus (mosquito) cells. the response of the mutants to conditions of high and low temperature was similar in cultured cells of both the vertebrate and invertebrate hosts. complementation experiments in bhk-21 cells produced growth patterns similar to those ... | 1976 | 987251 |
| a field trial of competitive displacement of aedes polynesiensis by aedes albopictus on a pacific atoll. | prior laboratory studies and field observations suggested that it might be possible to reduce the size of the population of, or eliminate, aedes polynesiensis by the introduction of aedes albopictus. the former mosquito is the principal vector of nonperiodic filariasis caused by wuchereria bancrofti and the latter is a closely related species refractory to the development of human filariae. the practicability of such competitive displacement was studied by a field trial on a remote coral atoll w ... | 1976 | 1008133 |
| dynamics of the natural focus of tahyna virus in southern moravia and species succession of its vectors, the mosquitoes of the genus aedes. | the paper deals with the occurrence of aedes mosquitoes in southern moravia and with tahyna virus infection rates for them in 1972; a comparison of the data from previous years reveals the dynamics of the natural focus under long-term study. a total of 13,204 mosquitoes of the genus aedes was processed in 122 tests, resulting in 17 tahyna virus strains isolates. as concerns the valence of the natural focus, the most important was the inundated forest in the drnholec locality. infection rates for ... | 1976 | 1010493 |
| phospholipids of semliki forest virus grown in cultured mosquito cells. | the phospholipids of semliki forest virus grown in mosquito cells (aedes albopictus) were analyzed radiochemically. the ratio of 32p-labeled phospholipids to total 32p-label in the virus grown in mosquito cells equilibrated with radiophosphorus was 0.558 +/- 0.021. this value was similar to the lipid phosphorus: total phosphorus ratio (0.539 +/- 0.025) of the virus grown in the bhk cells. it is concluded that an average virion of the two types of semliki forest virus contains approximately the s ... | 1976 | 1032998 |
| observations of aedes albopictus cell cultures persistently infected with sindbis virus. | | 1975 | 1072595 |
| sindbis virus replication in vertebrate and mosquito cells: an interpretation. | this paper summarizes recent comparative studies of sindbis virus (sv) replication in cultured aedes albopictus (a. albo) or (a. aegypti (a. aeg) and bhk21 or chick embryo (cef) cells. 1. viral growth kinetics and yields are similar in a. albo cells at 28 degress c and in vertebrate cells at 37 degrees c. a. albo exhibit no cpe and yield persistenetly infected cultures. 2. sv grown in a. albo cells lacks sialic acid but is antigenically and in terms of particle/pfu or particle/hau ratios equival ... | 1975 | 1107684 |
| the multiplication of nodamura virus in insect and mammalian cell cultures. | nodamura virus multiplied in mosquito cell lines, as determined by infectivivity assays in adult honey bees (apis mellifera) and wax moth larvae (galleria mellonella). titres of more than 10-7 and 10-5 bee ld50 /ml were obtained in culture fluids of aedes albopictus and aedes aegypti cells respectively after 10 days. comparable titres were obtained after several months, during which the cultures were subdivided up to six times. nodamura virus also multiplied in bhk cells and yielded titres of 10 ... | 1975 | 1168239 |
| laboratory studies of transovarial transmission of la crosse and other arboviruses by aedes albopictus and culex fatigans. | transovarial transmission of la crosse virus by experimentally infected aedes albopictus females to 2.7% of their f1 generation offspring was demonstrated. progeny of both sexes were infected. mean virus titers in parent mosquitoes and infected f1 generation adults were 10(4.6) and 10(3.4) plaque forming units/insect, respectively. the la crosse-infected offspring were randomly distributed among the female parents. after two serial passages in a. albopictus, a marked change occurred in the plaqu ... | 1975 | 1190373 |
| effect of the environmental conditions on eggs and water living stages of aedes aegypti (linn.) and aedes albopictus (skuse), vectors of dengue haemorrhagic fever in viet-nam. | | 1975 | 1203600 |
| distribution of aedes aegypti (linnaeus) and aedes albopictus (skuse) in small towns and villages of penang island, malaysia--an ovitrap survey. | an ovitrap survey was carried out in april and may of 1975 at twenty-one locations scattered throughout penang island excluding the city of georgetown. the results showed the ubiquitous presence of ae. albopictus. ae. aegypti was recorded only in tanjung tokong lama, an area adjacent to the city of georgetown. in the survey, ae. albopictus females were found to prefer the outdoor ovitraps than indoor ones. the effectiveness of ovitrap in aedes survey was discussed. | 1975 | 1226538 |
| viral contamination of a mosquito cell line, aedes albopictus, associated with syncytium formation. | viral contamination associated with syncytium formation in two sbulines of singh's aedes albopictus cell cultures was investigated. electron microscopy of the syncytia revealed the presence of five different types of virus-like particles, which morphologically resembled the parvo-, picorna-, toga-, and orbi-, and bacterial viruses. when a virus-free subline of the a. albopictus cells (sl3) was inoculated with extracts of the syncytium-forming a. albopictus cells, the parvo-, toga-, and orbi-type ... | 1976 | 1248853 |
| variation among geographic strains of aedes albopictus in susceptibility to infection with dengue viruses. | the comparative susceptibility to dengue virus infection of 13 geographic strains of aedes albopictus was studied by feeding the mosquitoes on a virus-erythrocyte-sugar suspension. significant variation in susceptibility for each of the four dengue serotypes was observed among the geographic strains. mosquito strains which were more susceptible to infection with one dengue serotype also were more susceptible to the other dengue serotypes. there was a direct relationship between the amount of vir ... | 1976 | 1259091 |
| variation among goegraphic strains of aedes albopictus in susceptibility to infection with chikungunya virus. | two types of variation were observed when the susceptibility of 16 different geographic strains of aedes albopictus to oral infection with chikungunya (chik) virus was studied. one was differential susceptibility to infection with the virus. the other was variation in the quantity of virus present in infected mosquitoes after a standard incubation period. mean virus titers of infected mosquitoes of different geographic strains varied almost 1,000-fold. attempts to develop increasingly resistant ... | 1976 | 1259092 |
| susceptibility of aedes albopictus mosquitoes (oahu strain) to infection with dirofilaria immitis. | the susceptibility of the oahu strain of aedes albopictus mosquitoes to infection with dirofilaria immitis was examined to study the development of larvae in detail. most of the developing larvae were found in the malpighian tubules and infective larvae in the labium, indicating that aedes albopictus oahu strain is susceptible to the infection with d. immitis. new different patterns of development from those reported by earlier studies were observed: (i) the second-stage larvae in the thorax mus ... | 1992 | 1294811 |
| [the expression of 130kda mosquitocidal protein gene of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis in bacillus subtilis]. | two recombinant plasmid pfz1 and pfz2 containing bti 130kda mosquitocidal protein gene in opposite insertion orientation were constructed. the expression of 130kda mosquitocidal protein of bti in bacillus subtilis was confirmed by western blotting. the mosquito-larvicidal activity against the larvae of aedes albopictus was shown by the bioassay. | 1992 | 1299031 |
| [microhabitats of aedes albopictus (skuse) in the region of the paraiba valley, são paulo state, brazil]. | the objective of this study was the determination of extent of the spatial distribution of aedes albopictus in the paraíba river valley, state s. paulo, brazil. thus, collections of larvae and pupae mosquitoes were carried out at six sites distributed along a transection with a 10-km extension. the target was the tree-holes but artificial containers were also used in this investigation. aedes terrens and ae. albopictus were the only species of genus aedes present in the tree-holes mentioned. the ... | 1992 | 1307425 |
| susceptibility of selected strains of aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae) to chikungunya virus. | the relative susceptibility of selected strains of aedes aegypti (l.) and aedes albopictus (skuse) fed on a viremic monkey to infection with chikungunya virus was determined. infection rates were consistently higher in 10 strains of ae. albopictus tested than in 7 strains of ae. aegypti tested, regardless of the geographic location from which the strains originated or the dose of virus ingested. similarly, virus dissemination rates were higher in the ae. albopictus strains compared with the ae. ... | 1992 | 1313111 |
| isolation of eastern equine encephalitis virus from aedes albopictus in florida. | fourteen strains of eastern equine encephalitis (eee) virus were isolated from aedes albopictus mosquitoes collected in polk county, florida. these are the first isolations of an arbovirus of proven public health and veterinary importance from naturally infected ae. albopictus in the united states since established populations of this introduced mosquito were first discovered in 1985. the widespread distribution of ae. albopictus in florida and in other areas of the united states where eee is en ... | 1992 | 1321985 |
| limited potential for mosquito transmission of a live, attenuated chikungunya virus vaccine. | studies were conducted to determine the potential for transmission of a live, attenuated chikungunya (chik) virus vaccine by orally exposed or virus-inoculated mosquitoes. the vaccine (chik 181/clone 25) replicated in and was transmitted by female aedes albopictus and ae. aegypti after intrathoracic inoculation. mosquitoes also became infected with the vaccine after ingesting virus from either a blood-soaked cotton pledget or a viremic monkey. however, because of the low viremias produced in ino ... | 1992 | 1322072 |
| [extension of the area of aedes albopictus in italy. 1st report of the species in central italy]. | a new infestation by aedes albopictus was discovered in civitavecchia, central italy, in october 1992. this follows previous records of the species in north italy, where the first infestation was observed in 1990 in the city of genoa. the present finding clearly indicates the capacity of aedes albopictus to spread all over italy and to become a permanent pest in southern europe. in spite of the expected embryonic diapause in october, larval breeding was observed in a fifteen-liter glass jar with ... | 1992 | 1339968 |
| a drosophila metallothionein promoter is inducible in mosquito cells. | expression from a drosophila metallothionein promoter (mtn) was investigated in mosquito cells. recombinant plasmids carrying a transcription unit comprised of the escherichia coli beta-galactosidase gene (lacz) fused to the metallothionein promoter were stably introduced into aedes albopictus c6/36 cells. a low copy transformant containing approximately 60 copies of plasmid per cell, and a high copy transformant (1-2 x 10(4) copies/cell) were characterized. the expression of beta-galactosidase ... | 1992 | 1343774 |
| distribution of split 5.8s ribosomal rna in diptera. | although the 5.8s ribosomal rna (rrna) of most eucaryotes consists of 155-170 nucleotides, in two dipterous species the 5.8s rrna consists of two pieces, 123 and 30 nucleotides in length. the distribution of split 5.8s rrna was studied in other diptera and the most closely related order siphonaptera to learn the origin of split 5.8s rrna. four species of mosquitoes, culex tritaeniorhynchus, culex pipiens molestus, aedes albopictus, anopheles sp. (culicidae) had a single 5.8s rrna consisting of a ... | 1992 | 1343775 |
| expression of the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene in aedes albopictus (c6/36) cells using a non-infectious sindbis virus expression vector. | genomic rna was transcribed in vitro from the non-infectious sindbis (sin) virus expression vector (ptrcat) and introduced into c6/36 (aedes albopictus) cells by liposome-mediated transfections. the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (cat) polypeptide expressed within cells was detected by an indirect immunofluorescent assay directly into 24-well polystyrene tissue culture plates. approximately 1 in 1000 c6/36 cells showed fluorescence when the transfection was optimized. cat enzyme activity was ... | 1992 | 1343776 |
| defective rnas in mosquito cells persistently infected with bunyamwera virus. | viral protein and rna synthesis were compared in bhk and aedes albopictus c6/36 (mosquito) cells infected with bunyamwera virus. in bhk cells host protein synthesis was inhibited and viral proteins were detected until the cells died; in c6/36 cells there was little inhibition of host proteins and viral proteins could not be detected after 36 h post-infection. relatively more s segment rna than l or m segment rna was produced in infected c6/36 cells compared to bhk cells. a persistent infection o ... | 1992 | 1346156 |
| use of the polymerase chain reaction for the sensitive detection of st. louis encephalitis viral rna. | polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assays were developed for the detection of rna from the st. louis encephalitis (sle) virus. using computer-assisted analysis of the msi-7 strain sle virus genome, two primer pairs were selected from the capsid-coding and the membrane associated protein-coding genes, and one from the envelope-coding gene. reverse transcription was primed with either specific oligomers or with random hexamers; these methods were compared for cdna synthesis and subsequent pcr amplifi ... | 1992 | 1348060 |
| biological control of container-breeding mosquitoes, aedes albopictus and culex quinquefasciatus, in a japanese island by release of toxorhynchites splendens adults. | to control container-breeding mosquitoes in the small island of minnajima (0.56 km2), northern okinawa, japan, laboratory-reared adults (aged 7-10 days) of toxorhynchites splendens (palawan strain), a mosquito with predatory larvae, were released repeatedly during 1984, 1986 and 1987. thirteen species of mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) occurred in artificial containers, ground pools or crab-holes on the island, the predominant species being aedes (stegomyia) albopictus and culex (culex) quinquef ... | 1992 | 1358271 |
| mitochondrial transfer rna genes in a black fly, simulium vittatum (diptera: simuliidae), indicate long divergence from mosquito (diptera: culicidae) and fruit fly (diptera: drosophilidae). | sequences are given for nine complete genes and one partial mitochondrial trna gene of the black fly, simulium vittatum (zetterstedt). sequenced trna genes were for alanine, arginine, asparagine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glycine, leucine(cun), lysine, serine(agn), and valine. nucleotides were aligned with the same previously sequenced genes in aedes albopictus skuse and drosophila yakuba burla. a cluster of six trna genes, which differ in arrangement in ae. albopictus and d. yakuba, was amp ... | 1992 | 1379642 |
| a simple and rapid method of preparing large fragments of dengue virus cdna from replicative-form rna using reverse transcriptase and pcr. | a method is described for cloning large fragments (1.5 kb to 2 kb) of dengue virus cdna from replicative-form viral rna. aedes albopictus cells (c6/36 clone) infected with dengue virus contain double-stranded, replicative-form rna molecules which were used as a template for an initial reverse transcription using a primer containing sequence homologous to regions of the genome at or near the 3' end of the gene being studied. the product was then used as a template for polymerase chain reaction (p ... | 1992 | 1385464 |
| changes in membrane permeability during semliki forest virus induced cell fusion. | the infection of aedes albopictus cells by semliki forest virus (sfv) is a non lytic event. exposure of infected cells to mildly acidic ph (less than 6.2) leads to syncytium formation. this polykaryon formation is accompanied by an influx of protons into the cells (kempf et al. biosci. rep. 7, 761-769, 1987). we have further investigated this permeability change using various fluorescent or radiolabeled compounds. a significant, ph dependent increase of the membrane permeability to low molecular ... | 1992 | 1391686 |
| transmission of la crosse virus by four strains of aedes albopictus to and from the eastern chipmunk (tamias striatus). | eastern chipmunks were successfully infected with la crosse virus by bites of 3 new world strains of aedes albopictus infected orally or transovarially. the virus was subsequently passed from the chipmunks to ae. albopictus, potosi strain, and ae. triseriatus. the chipmunks developed viremias of 1-4 days duration and antibody titers were similar in intensity and duration to those reported in chipmunks infected by ae. triseriatus. after feeding on viremic chipmunks, ae. albopictus became infected ... | 1992 | 1402859 |
| first record of aedes albopictus establishment in italy. | in september 1991, the first breeding populations of aedes albopictus were discovered in veneto region, italy. larvae were collected in a wide variety of peridomestic containers and in used tires. attempts were made to eradicate this species from infested areas. no larvae or adults of ae. albopictus were found from october 1991 onwards. it is not yet assessed if this was because of the control measures taken or due to the low fall temperatures and the short critical photoperiod prevailing in the ... | 1992 | 1402871 |
| key characters for identifying aedes bahamensis and aedes albopictus in north america, north of mexico. | aedes bahamensis, a species recently introduced into southern florida represents the first member of the subgenus howardina to be found in the united states. its separation from all other nearctic aedes is the subject of this work, integrating it into the north american mosquito keys (darsie and ward 1981). the key revisions presented are expanded to include the other exotic species now found in the united states, aedes albopictus. | 1992 | 1402873 |
| experimental transmission of venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus by a strain of aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae) from new orleans, louisiana. | experimental studies were undertaken to ascertain the vector competence of a strain of aedes albopictus (skuse) collected in new orleans, la, (gentilly strain) for an epizootic (trinidad donkey) strain of venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis (vee) virus. this strain of ae. albopictus was significantly more susceptible to infection with vee virus than were any of the four strains tested previously, including two from north america and two from south america. likewise, dissemination (148 of 180) (8 ... | 1992 | 1404258 |
| distributional records from the u.s. air force ovitrapping program--1991. | during 1991, ovitrapping was conducted by 37 u.s. air force installations. sixteen installations were positive for aedes albopictus. the number (449) and percent (21.5%) of ae. albopictus-positive ovipaddles was almost 4 times that of the previous year. the collections of ae. albopictus at columbus air force base (afb), ms, and shaw afb, sc, are new records for lowndes and sumter counties, respectively. nine installations were positive for ae. aegypti; 21 were positive for ae. triseriatus. | 1992 | 1431865 |
| expression and secretion of japanese encephalitis virus nonstructural protein ns1 by insect cells using a recombinant baculovirus. | the nonstructural protein ns1 of japanese encephalitis virus (jev) was expressed at a high level under the control of the polyhedrin promoter in spodoptera frugiperda (sf9) insect cells using a recombinant baculovirus. recombinant ns1 was designed to contain its natural signal sequence at its n-terminus and no c-terminal hydrophobic domain that could act as a membrane anchor. this recombinant protein exhibited similar size to native ns1 expressed in aedes albopictus (c6/36) insect cells infected ... | 1992 | 1448926 |
| variation in the efficiency of vertical transmission of dengue-1 virus by strains of aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae). | five geographical strains of aedes albopictus (skuse) were compared for their ability to transmit vertically a dengue-1 isolate from jamaica. the oahu strain of ae. albopictus and a strain of aedes aegypti (l.) from the united states were included as controls. the offspring of orally infected females were assayed individually for vertical infection. vertical transmission rates among strains ranged from 11 to 41%, and filial infection rates of strains ranged from 0.5 to 2.9%. filial infection rat ... | 1992 | 1460640 |
| oral susceptibility of aedes albopictus to dengue type 2 virus: a study of infection kinetics, using the polymerase chain reaction for viral detection. | female aedes albopictus mosquitoes, aged 1 week, were infected with den-2 dengue virus. the kinetics of infection in mosquito brain and mesenteron were monitored using dna probes with polymerase chain reaction (pcr) amplification of target dna sequences coding for den-2 virus envelope protein, compared with the standard immunofluorescence assay technique (ifa). rates of virus detection in the mesenteron of orally infected mosquitoes rose to 38% by day 4 post-inoculation, then declined until day ... | 1992 | 1463895 |
| susceptibility of aedes albopictus from china to insecticides, and mechanism of ddt resistance. | aedes albopictus collected from urban districts of china (12 strains) has developed high levels of ddt resistance, while 2 strains collected from rural areas remain susceptible. the mechanism of ddt resistance was due to intensified activity of ddt-dehydrochlorinase, but the penetration of ddt into the mosquito body is also different. this may possibly have had some influence on the resistance levels of some strains, but it seems unlikely that was the main mechanism of ddt resistance. | 1992 | 1474386 |
| northernmost occurrences of the protistan pathogen, coelomomyces stegomyiae var. stegomyiae. | now reported as parasitizing the ovaries of female aedes albopictus on kabeshima (33.33n x 129.53e), coelomomyces stegomyiae var. stegomyiae had been found earlier in larvae of this mosquito on mikura-jima (33.53n x 139.35e). these findings from 2 widely separated little japanese islands constitute the parasite's most northerly records to date. few previous reports of coelomomyces spp., none concerning c. stegomyiae, have involved adult mosquitoes. possible reasons for this are advanced. | 1992 | 1474392 |
| seasonal distribution and habitat selection by aedes albopictus and ae. riversi (diptera: culicidae) in northern kyushu, japan. | temporal and spatial distribution of adult and larval aedes albopictus (skuse) and aedes riversi bohart & ingram were studied on a small island and coastal area of northern kyushu, japan. adults of ae. albopictus attracted to human bait were distributed uniformly in an evergreen forest, a citrus orchard surrounded by forest, and an area disturbed by humans, whereas ae. riversi was confined to evergreen forest and its adjacent area. adults of both species occurred from may through october. althou ... | 1992 | 1495046 |
| yellow fever 17dd vaccine virus is temperature sensitive when grown in mosquito c6-36 cells. | twenty-three yellow fever (yf) vaccine viruses and three wild-type yf viruses were propagated independently in human adenocarcinoma (sw13) cells and mosquito aedes albopictus c6-36 cells. the three yf 17dd vaccine viruses were found to be slightly temperature sensitive (ts) at 39.5 degrees c versus 37.0 degrees c (efficiency of plaquing 0.04 to 0.1) following propagation in c6-36 but not in sw13 cells. a plaque-purified preparation of the 17dd vaccine manufactured in brazil was ts when grown in ... | 1992 | 1523874 |
| aedes albopictus introduction into continental africa, 1991. | | 1992 | 1567751 |
| development of plasmodium berghei ookinetes to young oocysts in vitro. | the mosquito stage of plasmodium berghei was cultivated in vitro, with special attention to ookinete transformation into early oocyst. the ookinetes were obtained by in vitro culture of gametocytes taken from infected mice, purified by density gradient of metrizoic acid or a lymphocyte separation medium, and incubated either in acellular culture or in co-cultivations with mosquito cells. in acellular culture, the ookinetes were found to aggregate with each other and transformed from banana to ro ... | 1992 | 1578408 |